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Cypriano ML, Dos Santos Ramos GHA, de Oliveira ACF, Dos Santos DR, Fiais GA, de Oliveira AP, Antoniali C, Dornelles RCM, de Melo Stevanato Nakamune AC, Chaves-Neto AH. Effect of testosterone replacement therapy and mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) on biochemical, functional and redox parameters of saliva in orchiectomized rats. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 132:105289. [PMID: 34695671 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) and mate tea (MT) [Ilex paraguariensis] on biochemical, functional, and redox parameters of saliva in orchiectomized rats (ORX) DESIGN: Sixty young adult male Wistar rats (3 months old) were either castrated bilaterally or underwent fictitious surgery (SHAM) and were distributed into 5 groups: SHAM, ORX, TU (castrated rats that received a single intramuscular injection of testosterone undecanoate 100 mg/kg), MT (castrated rats that received MT 20 mg/kg, via intragastric gavage, daily), and TU + MT. All treatments started 4 weeks after castration (4 months old) and lasted 4 weeks (5 months old). At the end of treatment, pilocarpine-induced salivary secretion was collected to analyze salivary flow rate (SFR) and biochemistry composition through determination of total protein (TP), amylase (AMY), electrolyte, and biomarkers of oxidative stress. RESULTS ORX increased SFR, salivary buffering capacity, calcium, phosphate, chloride, total antioxidant capacity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), and carbonyl protein, reduced TP and AMY activity, and did not change pH, sodium, and potassium compared to SHAM. TU and TU+MT restored all salivary parameters to values of SHAM, while only TBARs and AMY returned to SHAM levels in the MT group. CONCLUSIONS TRT with long-acting TU restored the biochemical, functional, and redox parameters of saliva in orchiectomized rats. Although MT did not have a TRT-like effect on salivary gland function, the more effective reduction in lipid oxidative damage in the MT and TU + MT groups could be considered as adjuvant to alleviate the salivary oxidative stress induced by orchiectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Lima Cypriano
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas - SBFis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Damáris Raissa Dos Santos
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas - SBFis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Alice Fiais
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas - SBFis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arthur Passos de Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Antoniali
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas - SBFis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas - SBFis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia de Melo Stevanato Nakamune
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas - SBFis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas - SBFis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Gao C, Xu G, Wang C, Wang D. Evaluation of preoperative risk factors and postoperative indicators for anastomotic leak of minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy: a single-center retrospective analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 14:46. [PMID: 30819240 PMCID: PMC6394086 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-019-0864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy is an important surgical approach for esophageal cancer. Anastomotic leak is one of its common and serious complications. We assumed that the preoperative risk factors and postoperative indicators would predict or detect anastomotic leak. METHODS Between December 2016 and July 2017, patients underwent minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy were identified and their preoperative variables and postoperative test indicators were recorded. Fisher's exact test, 2-tailed unpaired t test, nonparametric test and logistic regression were used to compare these datum between patients with or without anastomotic leak (AL). Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the best cut-off value of drainage amylase concentration for distinguishing anastomotic leak. RESULTS In all the 96 patients included, 12 patients were diagnosed as anastomotic leak by the esophagram. No differences in preoperative variables were observed between patients with and without AL. Patients in AL group appeared to have a lower prealbumin concentration in AL group on POD (postoperative day) 4(P = 0.05), POD 5(P = 0.04), POD 6 (P = 0.06). Prealbumin concentration cutoff value of 128 g/L on postoperative day 5 is 100.00% sensitive and 50.00% specific for predicting esophageal leaks. Drain amylases levels were higher in patients with anastomotic leak than those without anastomotic leak on POD 3(P = 0.03), POD 4(P = 0.01), POD 5(P < 0.001), POD 6(P < 0.001). The drain amylase cutoff value of 85 IU/L on postoperative day 4 was 75.00% sensitive and 84.00% specific for detecting esophageal leaks; the cutoff value of 65 IU/L on postoperative day 5 was 91.67% sensitive and 80.77% specific. The cutoff of 55/L on POD 6 is 100% sensitive and 86.96% specific. CONCLUSION Drainage amylase concentration on postoperative days may help to discover anastomotic leak in early stage after minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy. Prealbumin concentration below 128 g/L on POD 5 might be potential risk factor for anastomotic leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, No.34 Yanggongjing, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, No.34 Yanggongjing, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Changyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, No.34 Yanggongjing, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, No.34 Yanggongjing, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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Wyss T, Boesch M, Roos L, Tschopp C, Frei KM, Annen H, La Marca R. Aerobic Fitness Level Affects Cardiovascular and Salivary Alpha Amylase Responses to Acute Psychosocial Stress. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2016; 2:33. [PMID: 27747788 PMCID: PMC4995230 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-016-0057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Good physical fitness seems to help the individual to buffer the potential harmful impact of psychosocial stress on somatic and mental health. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of physical fitness levels on the autonomic nervous system (ANS; i.e. heart rate and salivary alpha amylase) responses to acute psychosocial stress, while controlling for established factors influencing individual stress reactions. Methods The Trier Social Stress Test for Groups (TSST-G) was executed with 302 male recruits during their first week of Swiss Army basic training. Heart rate was measured continuously, and salivary alpha amylase was measured twice, before and after the stress intervention. In the same week, all volunteers participated in a physical fitness test and they responded to questionnaires on lifestyle factors and personal traits. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine ANS responses to acute psychosocial stress from physical fitness test performances, controlling for personal traits, behavioural factors, and socioeconomic data. Results Multiple linear regression revealed three variables predicting 15 % of the variance in heart rate response (area under the individual heart rate response curve during TSST-G) and four variables predicting 12 % of the variance in salivary alpha amylase response (salivary alpha amylase level immediately after the TSST-G) to acute psychosocial stress. A strong performance at the progressive endurance run (high maximal oxygen consumption) was a significant predictor of ANS response in both models: low area under the heart rate response curve during TSST-G as well as low salivary alpha amylase level after TSST-G. Further, high muscle power, non-smoking, high extraversion, and low agreeableness were predictors of a favourable ANS response in either one of the two dependent variables. Conclusions Good physical fitness, especially good aerobic endurance capacity, is an important protective factor against health-threatening reactions to acute psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wyss
- Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), Magglingen, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Boesch
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Military Academy, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lilian Roos
- Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), Magglingen, Switzerland
| | - Céline Tschopp
- Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), Magglingen, Switzerland
| | - Klaus M Frei
- Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), Magglingen, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Annen
- Military Academy, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto La Marca
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Ishitobi Y, Akiyoshi J, Tanaka Y, Ando T, Okamoto S, Kanehisa M, Kohno K, Ninomiya T, Maruyama Y, Tsuru J, Kawano A, Hanada H, Isogawa K, Kodama K. Elevated salivary α-amylase and cortisol levels in unremitted and remitted depressed patients. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2010; 14:268-73. [PMID: 24917438 DOI: 10.3109/13651501.2010.500737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is often associated with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via chronic stress. Psychosocial stress-induced activation of salivary α-amylase (sAA) represents sympathoadrenal medullary system (SAM) activity, and sAA has become an emerging biomarker for sympathetic nervous system activity. In contrast to salivary cortisol, sAA has been less extensively studied in depressed patients. The present study sought to address this problem by measuring sAA and salivary cortisol levels in patients with major depressive disorder. Methods. The authors recorded Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores along with, levels of sAA and salivary cortisol in 28 patients with unremitted major depressive disorder, 43 remitted patients and 103 healthy volunteers. Results. STAI (State or Trait) measurements in unremitted patients with MDD were significantly increased compared with healthy controls and remitted patients. SAA and cortisol levels in unremitted patients were also significantly elevated compared to controls and remitted patients. Finally, sAA levels were significantly correlated with HRSD in unremitted patients with MDD. Conclusion. These preliminary results suggest that sAA may be a state-dependent marker of major depressive disorder in addition to salivary cortisol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Ishitobi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Hasama-Machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan
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