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Révész C, Kaucsár T, Godó M, Bocskai K, Krenács T, Mócsai A, Szénási G, Hamar P. Neutrophils and NADPH Oxidases Are Major Contributors to Mild but Not Severe Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2948. [PMID: 38474193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of free radical-generating NADPH oxidases (NOX), xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), and neutrophil infiltration-induced, NOX2-mediated respiratory burst contribute to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but their roles may depend on the severity of IRI. We investigated the role of NOX, XOR, and neutrophils in developing IRI of various severities. C57BL/6 and Mcl-1ΔMyelo neutrophil-deficient mice were used. Oxidases were silenced by RNA interference (RNAi) or pharmacologically inhibited. Kidney function, morphology, immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression were assessed. After reperfusion, the expression of NOX enzymes and XOR increased until 6 h and from 15 h, respectively, while neutrophil infiltration was prominent from 3 h. NOX4 and XOR silencing or pharmacological XOR inhibition did not protect the kidney from IRI. Attenuation of NOX enzyme-induced oxidative stress by apocynin and neutrophil deficiency improved kidney function and ameliorated morphological damage after mild but not moderate/severe IRI. The IR-induced postischemic renal functional impairment (BUN, Lcn-2), tubular necrosis score, inflammation (TNF-α, F4/80), and decreases in the antioxidant enzyme (GPx3) mRNA expression were attenuated by both apocynin and neutrophil deficiency. Inhibition of NOX enzyme-induced oxidative stress or the lack of infiltration by NOX2-expressing neutrophils can attenuate reperfusion injury after mild but not moderate/severe renal IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Révész
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kaucsár
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mária Godó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Bocskai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Krenács
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szénási
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Alirezaei A, Argani H, Asgharpour M, Bahadorimonfared A, Bakhtiyari M. An update on allopurinol and kidney failure; new trend for an old drug. J Renal Inj Prev 2017. [DOI: 10.15171/jrip.2017.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Acute superoxide radical scavenging reduces blood pressure but does not influence kidney function in hypertensive rats with postischemic kidney injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:512619. [PMID: 25050356 PMCID: PMC4090523 DOI: 10.1155/2014/512619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in hypertensive surroundings. We investigated superoxide radical molecules influence on systemic haemodynamic and kidney function in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with induced postischemic AKI. Experiment was performed in anesthetized adult male SHR. The right kidney was removed, and left renal artery was subjected to ischemia by clamping for 40 minutes. The treated group received synthetic superoxide dismutase mimetic TEMPOL in the femoral vein 5 minutes before, during, and 175 minutes after the period of reperfusion, while the control AKI group received the vehicle via the same route. All parameters were measured 24 h after renal reperfusion. TEMPOL treatment significantly decreased mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance (P < 0.05) compared to AKI control. It also increased cardiac output and catalase activity (P < 0.05). Lipid peroxidation and renal vascular resistance were decreased in TEMPOL (P < 0.05). Plasma creatinine and kidney morphological parameters were unchanged among TEMPOL treated and control groups. Our study shows that superoxide radicals participate in haemodynamic control, but acute superoxide scavenging is ineffective in glomerular and tubular improvement, probably due to hypertension-induced strong endothelial dysfunction which neutralizes beneficial effects of O2− scavenging.
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Prieto-Moure B, Carabén-Redaño A, Aliena-Valero A, Cejalvo D, Toledo AH, Flores-Bellver M, Martínez-Gil N, Toledo-Pereyra LH, Lloris Carsí JM. Allopurinol in Renal Ischemia. J INVEST SURG 2014; 27:304-16. [DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2014.911395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ivanov M, Mihailović-Stanojević N, Grujić Milanović J, Jovović Đ, Marković-Lipkovski J, Ćirović S, Miloradović Z. Losartan improved antioxidant defense, renal function and structure of postischemic hypertensive kidney. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96353. [PMID: 24796787 PMCID: PMC4010520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) is a highly complex disorder involving renal vasoconstriction, filtration failure, tubular obstruction, tubular backleak and generation of reactive oxygen species. Due to this complexity, the aim of our study was to explore effects of Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockade on kidney structure and function, as well as oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) after renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Experiments were performed on anaesthetized adult male SHR in the model of ARF with 40 minutes clamping the left renal artery. The right kidney was removed and 40 minutes renal ischemia was performed. Experimental groups received AT1R antagonist (Losartan) or vehicle (saline) in the femoral vein 5 minutes before, during and 175 minutes after the period of ischemia. Biochemical parameters were measured and kidney specimens were collected 24h after reperfusion. ARF significantly decreased creatinine and urea clearance, increased LDL and lipid peroxidation in plasma. Treatment with losartan induced a significant increase of creatinine and urea clearance, as well as HDL. Lipid peroxidation in plasma was decreased and catalase enzyme activity in erythrocytes was increased after losartan treatment. Losartan reduced cortico-medullary necrosis and tubular dilatation in the kidney. High expression of pro-apoptotic Bax protein in the injured kidney was downregulated after losartan treatment. Our results reveal that angiotensin II (via AT1R) mediates the most postischemic injuries in hypertensive kidney through oxidative stress enhancement. Therefore, blockade of AT1R may have beneficial effects in hypertensive patients who have developed ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Ivanov
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | - Nevena Mihailović-Stanojević
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelica Grujić Milanović
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Đurđica Jovović
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Sanja Ćirović
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Miloradović
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Gang GT, Hwang JH, Kim YH, Noh JR, Kim KS, Jeong JY, Choi DE, Lee KW, Jung JY, Shong M, Lee CH. Protection of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 67:139-49. [PMID: 24189322 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is the most common cause of acute renal injury. I/R-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to be a major factor in the development of acute renal injury by promoting the initial tubular damage. NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is a well-known antioxidant protein that regulates ROS generation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether NQO1 modulates the renal I/R injury (IRI) associated with NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived ROS production in an animal model. We analyzed renal function, oxidative stress, and tubular apoptosis after IRI. NQO1(-/-) mice showed increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, tubular damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. In the kidneys of NQO1(-/-) mice, the cellular NADPH/NADP(+) ratio was significantly higher and NOX activity was markedly higher than in those of NQO1(+/+) mice. The activation of NQO1 by β-lapachone (βL) significantly improved renal dysfunction and reduced tubular cell damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis by renal I/R. Moreover, the βL treatment significantly lowered the cellular NADPH/NADP(+) ratio and dramatically reduced NOX activity in the kidneys after IRI. From these results, it was concluded that NQO1 has a protective role against renal injury induced by I/R and that this effect appears to be mediated by decreased NOX activity via cellular NADPH/NADP(+) modulation. These results provide convincing evidence that NQO1 activation might be beneficial for ameliorating renal injury induced by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil-Tae Gang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ran Noh
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Shim Kim
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Jeong
- Nephrology Research Department, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chunggu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Eun Choi
- Nephrology Research Department, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chunggu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Wook Lee
- Nephrology Research Department, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chunggu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-721, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
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Ryu TH, Jung KY, Ha MJ, Kwak KH, Lim DG, Hong JG. Superoxide and Nitric Oxide Involvement in Enhancing of N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor-Mediated Central Sensitization in the Chronic Post-ischemia Pain Model. Korean J Pain 2010; 23:1-10. [PMID: 20552066 PMCID: PMC2884210 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2010.23.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in persistent pain, including neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Since the data suggest that ROS are involved in central sensitization, the present study examines the levels of activated N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the dorsal horn after an exogenous supply of three antioxidants in rats with chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP). This serves as an animal model of complex regional pain syndrome type-I induced by hindpaw ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS The application of tight-fitting O-rings for a period of three hours produced CPIP in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Allopurinol 4 mg/kg, allopurinol 40 mg/kg, superoxide dismutase (SOD) 4,000 U/kg, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 10 mg/kg and SOD 4,000 U/kg plus L-NAME 10 mg/kg were administered intraperitoneally just after O-ring application and on the first and second days after reperfusion. Mechanical allodynia was measured, and activation of the NMDA receptor subunit 1 (pNR1) of the lumbar spinal cord (L4-L6) was analyzed by the Western blot three days after reperfusion. RESULTS Allopurinol reduced mechanical allodynia and attenuated the enhancement of spinal pNR1 expression in CPIP rats. SOD and L-NAME also blocked spinal pNR1 in accordance with the reduced mechanical allodynia in rats with CPIP. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggest the contribution of superoxide, produced via xanthine oxidase, and the participation of superoxide and nitric oxide as a precursor of peroxynitrite in NMDA mediated central sensitization. Finally, the findings support a therapeutic potential for the manipulation of superoxide and nitric oxide in ischemia/reperfusion related pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Ha Ryu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Young Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mi Jin Ha
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Kwak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dong Gun Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Gil Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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Kwak KH, Han CG, Lee SH, Jeon Y, Park SS, Kim SO, Baek WY, Hong JG, Lim DG. Reactive oxygen species in rats with chronic post-ischemia pain. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2009; 53:648-56. [PMID: 19419360 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.01937.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An emerging theme in the study of the pathophysiology of persistent pain is the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, we examined the hypothesis that the exogenous supply of antioxidant drugs during peri-reperfusion would attenuate pain induced by ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. We investigated the analgesic effects of three antioxidants administered during peri-reperfusion using an animal model of complex regional pain syndrome-type I consisting of chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP) of the hind paw. METHODS Application of a tight-fitting tourniquet for a period of 3 h produced CPIP in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Low-dose allopurinol (4 mg/kg), high-dose allopurinol (40 mg/kg), superoxide dismutase (SOD, 4000 U/kg), N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg), or SOD (4000 U/kg)+L-NAME (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally just after tourniquet application and at 1 and 2 days after reperfusion for 3 days. The effects of antioxidants in rats were investigated using mechanical and cold stimuli. Each group consisted of seven rats. RESULTS Allopurinol caused significant alleviation in mechanical and cold allodynia for a period of 4 weeks in rats with CPIP. Both SOD and L-NAME, which were used to investigate the roles of superoxide (O2(-)) and nitric oxide (NO) in pain, also attenuated neuropathic-like pain symptoms in rats for 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that O2(-) and NO mediate IR injury-induced chronic pain, and that ROS scavengers administered during the peri-reperfusion period have long-term analgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Kwak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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