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Cheung CL, Tan KCB, Kung AWC. Cohort Profile: The Hong Kong Osteoporosis Study and the follow-up study. Int J Epidemiol 2017; 47:397-398f. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lung Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy
- Department of Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Wu J, Wang W, Liu Y, Sun J, Ye Y, Li B, Liu X, Liu H, Sun Z, Li M, Cui J, Sun D, Yang Y, Gao Y. Modifying Role of GSTP1 Polymorphism on the Association between Tea Fluoride Exposure and the Brick-Tea Type Fluorosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128280. [PMID: 26046522 PMCID: PMC4457801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brick tea type fluorosis is a public health concern in the north-west area of China. The association between SNPs of genes influencing bone mass and fluorosis has attracted attention, but the association of SNPs with the risk of brick-tea type of fluorosis has not been reported. Objective To investigate the modifying roles of GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphisms on this association. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Brick-tea water was tested by the standard of GB1996-2005 (China). Urinary fluoride was tested by the standard of WS/T 89-2006 (China). Skeletal fluorosis was diagnosed by X-ray, the part we scheduled was forearm, shank, and pelvic, then diagnosed the skeletal fluorosis by the standard of WS/192-2008 (China). Gene polymorphism was tested by Sequenom MassARRAY system. Result The prevalence rate in different ethnical participants was different: Tibetan individuals had the highest prevalence rate of skeletal fluorosis. There were significant differences in genotype frequencies of GSTP1 Rs1695 among different ethnical participants (p<0.001): Tibetan, Mongolian and Han subjects with homozygous wild type (GSTP1-AA) genotype were numerically higher than Kazakh and Russian subjects (p<0.001). Compared to Tibetan participants who carried homozygous A allele of GSTP1 Rs1695, Tibetan participants who carried G allele had a significantly decreased risk of skeletal fluorosis (OR = 0.558 [95% CI, 0.326-0.955]). For Kazakh participants, a decreased risk of skeletal fluorosis among carriers of the G allele was limited to non high-loaded fluoride status (OR = 0. 166 [95% CI, 0.035–0.780] vs. OR = 1.478 [95% CI, 0.866–2.552] in participants with high-loaded fluoride status). Neither SNP-IF nor SNP-age for GSTP1 Rs1695 was observed. Conclusion The prevalence rate of the brick tea type fluorosis might have ethnic difference. For Tibetan individuals, who had the highest prevalence rate, G allele of GSTP1 Rs1695 might be a protective factor for brick tea type skeletal fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Wu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan Ye
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Bingyun Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongxu Liu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhenqi Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Mang Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (YG)
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (YG)
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Mlakar SJ, Prezelj J, Marc J. Testing GSTP1 genotypes and haplotypes interactions in Slovenian post-/pre-menopausal women: Novel involvement of glutathione S-transferases in bone remodeling process. Maturitas 2012; 71:180-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Cheung CL, Sham PC, Xiao SM, Bow CH, Kung AWC. Meta-analysis of gene-based genome-wide association studies of bone mineral density in Chinese and European subjects. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:131-42. [PMID: 21927923 PMCID: PMC3249198 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Gene-based association approach could be regarded as a complementary analysis to the single SNP association analysis. We meta-analyzed the findings from the gene-based association approach using the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from Chinese and European subjects, confirmed several well established bone mineral density (BMD) genes, and suggested several novel BMD genes. INTRODUCTION The introduction of GWAS has greatly increased the number of genes that are known to be associated with common diseases. Nonetheless, such a single SNP GWAS has a lower power to detect genes with multiple causal variants. We aimed to assess the association of each gene with BMD variation at the spine and hip using gene-based GWAS approach. METHODS We studied 778 Hong Kong Southern Chinese (HKSC) women and 5,858 Northern Europeans (dCG); age, sex, and weight were adjusted in the model. The main outcome measure was BMD at the spine and hip. RESULTS Nine genes showed suggestive p value in HKSC, while 4 and 17 genes showed significant and suggestive p values respectively in dCG. Meta-analysis using weighted Z-transformed test confirmed several known BMD genes and suggested some novel ones at 1q21.3, 9q22, 9q33.2, 20p13, and 20q12. Top BMD genes were significantly associated with connective tissue, skeletal, and muscular system development and function (p < 0.05). Gene network inference revealed that a large number of these genes were significantly connected with each other to form a functional gene network, and several signaling pathways were strongly connected with these gene networks. CONCLUSION Our gene-based GWAS confirmed several BMD genes and suggested several novel BMD genes. Genetic contribution to BMD variation may operate through multiple genes identified in this study in functional gene networks. This finding may be useful in identifying and prioritizing candidate genes/loci for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-L Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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Suggestive linkage to chromosome 1q for bone mineral apparent density in Brazilian sister adolescents. Joint Bone Spine 2011; 79:256-61. [PMID: 21724442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate linkage to chromosome 1q and 11q region for lumbar spine, femoral neck and total body BMD and volumetric BMD in Brazilian sister adolescents aged 10-20-year-old and 57 mothers. METHODS We evaluated 161 sister pairs (n=329) aged 10-20 years old and 57 of their mothers in this study. Physical traits and lifestyle factors were collected as covariates for lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN) and total body (TB) BMD and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD). We selected nine microsatellite markers in chromosome 1q region (spanning nearly 33cM) and eight in chromosome 11q region (spanning nearly 34cM) to perform linkage analysis. RESULTS The highest LOD score values obtained from our data were in sister pairs LS BMAD analysis. Their values were: 1.32 (P<0.006), 2.61 (P<0.0002) and 2.44 (P<0.0004) in D1S218, D1S2640 and D1S2623 markers, respectively. No significant LOD score was found with LS and FN BMD/BMAD in chromosome 11q region. Only TB BMD showed significant linkage higher than 1.0 for chromosome 11q region in the markers D11S4191 and D11S937. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS Our results provided suggestive linkage for LS BMAD at D1S2640 marker in adolescent sister pairs and suggest a possible candidate gene (LHX4) related to adolescent LS BMAD in this region. These results reinforce chromosome 1q21-23 as a candidate region to harbor one or more bone formation/maintenance gene. In the other hand, it did not repeat for chromosome 11q12-13 in our population.
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Identification of QTL genes for BMD variation using both linkage and gene-based association approaches. Hum Genet 2011; 130:539-46. [PMID: 21424381 PMCID: PMC3178777 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-0972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a risk factor for osteoporotic fracture with a high heritability. Previous large scale linkage study in Northern Chinese has identified four significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) for BMD variation on chromosome 2q24, 5q21, 7p21 and 13q21. We performed a replication study of these four QTL in 1,459 Southern Chinese from 306 pedigrees. Successful replication was observed on chromosome 5q21 for femoral neck BMD with a LOD score of 1.38 (nominal p value = 0.006). We have previously identified this locus in a genome scan meta-analysis of BMD variation in a white population. Subsequent QTL-wide gene-based association analysis in 800 subjects with extreme BMD identified CAST and ERAP1 as novel BMD candidate genes (empirical p value of 0.032 and 0.014, respectively). The associations were independently replicated in a Northern European population (empirical p value of 0.01 and 0.004 for CAST and ERAP1, respectively). These findings provide further evidence that 5q21 is a BMD QTL, and CAST and ERAP1 may be associated with femoral neck BMD variation.
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Li HYG, Kung WCA, Huang QY. Bone mineral density is linked to 1p36 and 7p15-13 in a southern Chinese population. J Bone Miner Metab 2011; 29:80-7. [PMID: 20607328 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-010-0195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 04/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide linkage scans have identified a number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting bone mineral density (BMD), mainly in the Caucasian population. In this study, we aim to determine whether seven well-replicated QTLs also contribute to BMD variation in the southern Han Chinese population. Thirty-three microsatellite markers in the proximity of seven QTLs were genotyped in 1,459 subjects from 306 families ascertained through a proband with BMD Z-score equal to or less than -1.3 at either the lumbar spine or hip. Regression-based multipoint linkage analysis was performed. In the entire study population, good linkage evidence of total hip BMD to 7p14 [maximum log of odds (LOD) score (MLS) = 2.75; nominal P = 0.0002] and 1p36 (MLS = 1.6, P = 0.003) was revealed. In the subgroup analysis of 1,166 female subjects, MLS of 3.42, 2.65, 2.42, and 1.54 were obtained on 7p12 for total hip, lumbar spine, trochanter, and femoral neck BMD, respectively. A suggestive linkage signal was achieved at 7p14-15 with a MLS of 3.38 and 3.15 for trochanter and total hip BMD in the 678 premenopausal women, and at 7p12 for femoral neck and total hip BMD with MLS of 2.22 and 3.04 in postmenopausal women. Subgroup analysis of premenopausal women also provided additional evidence of suggestive linkage of total hip BMD to 1p36, with a MLS of 2.84 at 17.07 cM. Thus, linkage of BMD to 1p36 and 7p15-13 is confirmed in southern Chinese. Computational prioritization strategy and published genome-wide association studies suggested RERE and SFRP4 as two promising candidate genes in which variants responsible for the linkage signal may be identified by follow-up gene-wide association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Yee Gloria Li
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
Osteoporosis is an important and complex disorder that is highly prevalent worldwide. This disease poses a major challenge to modern medicine and its treatment is associated with high costs. Numerous studies have endeavored to decipher the pathogenesis of this disease. The clinical assessment of patients often incorporates information about a family history of osteoporotic fractures. Indeed, the observation of an increased risk of fracture in an individual with a positive parental history of hip fracture provides strong evidence for the heritability of osteoporosis. The onset and progression of osteoporosis are generally controlled by multiple genetic and environmental factors, as well as interactions between them, with rare cases determined by a single gene. In an attempt to identify the genetic markers of complex diseases such as osteoporosis, there has been a move away from traditional linkage mapping studies and candidate gene association studies to higher-density genome-wide association studies. The advent of high-throughput technology enables genotyping of millions of DNA markers in the human genome, and consequently the identification and characterization of causal variants and loci that underlie osteoporosis. This Review presents an overview of the major findings since 2007 and clinical applications of these genome-wide linkage and association studies.
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Koller DL, Ichikawa S, Lai D, Padgett LR, Doheny KF, Pugh E, Paschall J, Hui SL, Edenberg HJ, Xuei X, Peacock M, Econs MJ, Foroud T. Genome-wide association study of bone mineral density in premenopausal European-American women and replication in African-American women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:1802-9. [PMID: 20164292 PMCID: PMC2853986 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2009-1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been performed to identify genes contributing to bone mineral density (BMD), typically in samples of elderly women and men. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to identify genes contributing to BMD in premenopausal women. DESIGN GWAS using the Illumina 610Quad array in premenopausal European-American (EA) women and replication of the top 50 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for two BMD measures in African-American (AA) women. SUBJECTS Subjects included 1524 premenopausal EA women aged 20-45 yr from 762 sibships and 669 AA premenopausal women aged 20-44 yr from 383 sibships. INTERVENTIONS There were no interventions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES BMD was measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Age- and weight-adjusted BMD values were tested for association with each SNP, with P values determined by permutation. RESULTS SNPs in CATSPERB on chromosome 14 provided evidence of association with femoral neck BMD (rs1298989, P = 2.7 x 10(-5); rs1285635, P = 3.0 x 10(-5)) in the EA women, and some supporting evidence was also observed with these SNPs in the AA women (rs1285635, P = 0.003). Genes identified in other BMD GWAS studies, including IBSP and ADAMTS18, were also among the most significant findings in our GWAS. CONCLUSIONS Evidence of association to several novel loci was detected in a GWAS of premenopausal EA women, and SNPs in one of these loci also provided supporting evidence in a sample of AA women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Koller
- Departments of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
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Cheung CL, Chan BYY, Chan V, Ikegawa S, Kou I, Ngai H, Smith D, Luk KDK, Huang QY, Mori S, Sham PC, Kung AWC. Pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) shows functional and possible genetic association with bone mineral density variation. Hum Mol Genet 2009; 18:679-87. [PMID: 19064610 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the major determinants of risk for osteoporotic fracture. Multiple studies reveal that peak bone mass is under strong genetic influence. One of the major susceptibility loci for peak spine BMD has been mapped to chromosome 1q21-q23 in the Caucasian population. We have previously replicated this finding in Southern Chinese pedigrees and detected a maximum multipoint log of odds (LOD) score of 2.36 in this region. To further fine-map this region, 380 single-nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers were genotyped in 610 sibpairs from 231 families. Several markers were identified in the association analysis as important candidates underlying BMD variation. Among them, successful replication was demonstrated for SNPs in pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) gene in two other unrelated case-control cohorts. The functional role of PBX1 in bone metabolism was examined in vitro using human bone-derived cells (HBDC) and murine MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. PBX1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in both HBDC and MC3T3-E1 cells. Immunostaining revealed that PBX1 is localized in the nucleus compartment. Silencing of PBX1 by RNAi in MC3T3-E1 cells decreased the expression of Runx2 and Osterix, the critical transcription factors for osteogenesis, but accelerated cell proliferation and bone nodule formation. Overall, our data suggest a genetic and functional association of PBX1 with BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lung Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Republic of China
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Ichikawa S, Koller DL, Curry LR, Lai D, Xuei X, Edenberg HJ, Hui SL, Peacock M, Foroud T, Econs MJ. Association of adenylate cyclase 10 (ADCY10) polymorphisms and bone mineral density in healthy adults. Calcif Tissue Int 2009; 84:97-102. [PMID: 19093065 PMCID: PMC2822658 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-008-9200-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic variation in bone mineral density (BMD) among healthy adults is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Sequence variations in the adenylate cyclase 10 (ADCY10) gene, which is also called soluble adenylate cyclase, have previously been associated with low spinal BMD in hypercalciuric patients. Since ADCY10 is located in the region linked to spinal BMD in our previous linkage analysis, we tested whether polymorphisms in this gene are also associated with normal BMD variation in healthy adults. Sixteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed throughout ADCY10 were genotyped in two healthy groups of American whites: 1692 premenopausal women and 715 men. Statistical analyses were performed in the two groups to test for association between these SNPs and the femoral neck and lumbar spine areal BMD. We observed significant evidence of association (p < 0.01), with one SNP each in men and women. Genotypes at these SNPs accounted for <1% of hip BMD variation in men but 1.5% of spinal BMD in women. However, adjacent SNPs did not corroborate the association in either men or women. In conclusion, we found a modest association between an ADCY10 polymorphism and the spinal areal BMD in premenopausal white women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Ichikawa
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Daniel L. Koller
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Leah R. Curry
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Siu L. Hui
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Munro Peacock
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael J. Econs
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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XIAO S, HUANG Q, KUNG AW. Genetics of osteoporosis in Chinese. Int J Rheum Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1756-185x.2008.00401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cheung CL, Sham PC, Chan V, Paterson AD, Luk KDK, Kung AWC. Identification of LTBP2 on chromosome 14q as a novel candidate gene for bone mineral density variation and fracture risk association. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93:4448-55. [PMID: 18697872 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2007-2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a major risk factor for osteoporotic fracture. Chromosome 14q has previously been linked to BMD variation in several genome-wide linkage scans in Caucasian populations. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to replicate and identify the novel candidate genes in the quantitative trait loci (QTL) at chromosome 14q QTL. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Eighteen microsatellite markers were genotyped for a 117-cM interval in 306 Southern Chinese pedigrees with 1459 subjects. Successful replication of the QTL was confirmed within this region for trochanter and total hip BMD. Using a gene prioritization approach as implemented in the Endeavour program, we genotyped 65 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the top five ranking candidate genes within the linkage peak in 706 and 760 case-control subject pairs with extremely high and low trochanter and total hip BMD, respectively. RESULTS Single-marker and haplotype analyses revealed that ESR2 and latent TGF-beta binding protein 2 (LTBP2) had significant associations with trochanter and total hip BMD. Multiple logistic regression revealed a strong genetic association between LTBP2 gene locus and total hip BMD variation (P=0.0004) and prevalent fracture (P=0.01). Preliminary in vitro study showed differential expression of LTBP2 gene in MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblastic cells in culture. CONCLUSIONS Apart from ESR2, LTBP2 is a novel positional candidate gene in chromosome 14q QTL for BMD variation and fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lung Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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Identification of a linkage disequilibrium block in chromosome 1q associated with BMD in premenopausal white women. J Bone Miner Res 2008; 23:1680-8. [PMID: 18505370 PMCID: PMC2684159 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.080509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex disease with both genetic and environmental risk factors. A major determinant of osteoporotic fractures is peak BMD obtained during young adulthood. We previously reported linkage of chromosome 1q (LOD = 4.3) with variation in spinal areal BMD in healthy premenopausal white women. In this study, we used a two-stage genotyping approach to identify genes in the linked region that contributed to the variation of femoral neck and lumbar spine areal BMD. In the first stage, 654 SNPs across the linked region were genotyped in a sample of 1309 premenopausal white women. The most significant evidence of association for lumbar spine (p = 1.3 x 10(-6)) was found with rs1127091 in the GATAD2B gene. In the second stage, 52 SNPs around this candidate gene were genotyped in an expanded sample of 1692 white women. Significant evidence of association with spinal BMD (p < 10(-5)), and to a lesser extent with femoral neck BMD, was observed with eight SNPs within a single 230-kb linkage disequilibrium (LD) block. The most significant SNP (p = 3.4 x 10(-7)) accounted for >2.5% of the variation in spinal BMD in these women. The 230-kb LD block contains 11 genes, but because of the extensive LD, the specific gene(s) contributing to the variation in BMD could not be determined. In conclusion, the significant association between spinal BMD and SNPs in the 230-kb LD block in chromosome 1q indicates that genetic factor(s) in this block plays an important role in peak spinal BMD in healthy premenopausal white women.
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Sex-specific genetic loci for femoral neck bone mass and strength identified in inbred COP and DA rats. J Bone Miner Res 2008; 23:850-9. [PMID: 18282130 PMCID: PMC2677085 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.080221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hip fracture is the most devastating osteoporotic fracture type with significant morbidity and mortality. Several studies in humans identified chromosomal regions linked to hip size and bone mass. Animal models, particularly the inbred rat, serve as complementary approaches for studying the genetic influence on hip fragility. The purpose of this study is to identify sex-independent and sex-specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for femoral neck density, structure, and strength in inbred Copenhagen 2331 (COP) and Dark Agouti (DA) rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 828 (405 males and 423 females) F(2) progeny derived from the inbred COP and DA strains of rats were phenotyped for femoral neck volumetric BMD (vBMD), cross-sectional area, polar moment of inertia (Ip), neck width, ultimate force, and energy to break. A whole genome screen was performed using 93 microsatellite markers with an average intermarker distance of 20 cM. Recombination-based marker maps were generated using MAPMAKER/EXP from the COP x DA F(2) data and compared with published Rat Genome Database (RGD) maps. These maps were used for genome-wide linkage analyses to detect sex-independent and sex-specific QTLs. RESULTS Significant evidence of linkage (p < 0.01) for sex-independent QTLs were detected for (1) femoral neck vBMD on chromosomes (Chrs) 1, 6, 10, and 12, (2) femoral neck structure on Chrs 5, 7, 10, and 18, and (3) biomechanical properties on Chrs 1 and 4. Male-specific QTLs were discovered on Chrs 2, 9, and 18 for total vBMD, on Chr 17 for trabecular vBMD, on Chr 9 for total bone area, and on Chr 15 for ultimate force. A female-specific QTL was discovered on Chr 2 for ultimate force. The effect size of the individual QTL varied between 1% and 4%. CONCLUSIONS We detected evidence that sex-independent and sex-specific QTLs contribute to hip fragility in the inbred rat. Several QTLs regions identified in this study are homologous to human chromosomal regions previously linked to QTLs contributing to femoral neck and related phenotypes.
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Foroud T, Ichikawa S, Koller D, Lai D, Curry L, Xuei X, Edenberg HJ, Hui S, Peacock M, Econs MJ. Association studies of ALOX5 and bone mineral density in healthy adults. Osteoporos Int 2008; 19:637-43. [PMID: 17909879 PMCID: PMC2467476 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-007-0484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2007] [Accepted: 08/24/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Animal studies suggest that arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (encoded by ALOX5) may be a genetic determinant of bone mineral density. We tested this hypothesis in a sample of healthy men and women and did not find consistent evidence for an association between variation in this gene and either lumbar spine or femoral neck BMD. INTRODUCTION Phenotypic variation in bone mineral density (BMD) among healthy adults is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. A recent mouse study implicated ALOX5, which encodes arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase, as a contributing factor to areal BMD (aBMD). METHODS Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed throughout ALOX5 were genotyped in three healthy groups: 1,688 European American, premenopausal sisters, 512 African American premenopausal sisters and 715 European American brothers. Statistical analyses were performed in the three groups to test for association between these SNPs and femoral neck and lumbar spine aBMD. RESULTS Significant (p < or = 0.05) evidence of association was observed with three of the SNPs. However, despite the linkage disequilibrium between SNPs, adjacent SNPs did not provide statistical evidence of association in any of the three study groups. CONCLUSIONS These data do not provide consistent evidence of association between genomic variation in ALOX5 and clinical variability in aBMD in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Foroud
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Health Information and Translational Sciences Building, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3002, USA.
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