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Sharma A, Muthu MS, V V, Nuvvula S, T G. Genetic variations in exon 10 of ENAM and their association with early childhood caries. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:349-357. [PMID: 38642606 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enamelin is the largest enamel matrix protein encoded by the ENAM gene. The primary purpose of this study was to identify genetic variants in ENAM exon 10 that can alter susceptibility to early childhood caries (ECC). METHODS This case-control study included 248 children aged 3-6 years, with 124 children diagnosed with ECC in the case group and 124 children without caries in the control group. Questionnaires were used to record demographic data, socioeconomic status, hygienic practices, and feeding practices, and a 24-h diet diary was kept. Seven polymorphisms (rs7671281, rs1738668322, rs3796703, rs3796704, rs759376039, rs775159311, and rs1738678483) in ENAM exon 10 were sequenced. RESULTS The heterozygous CT genotype of rs7671281 was significantly more common in the case group compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR], 6.1765; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05-18.58; P = 0.0006). Under the dominant model, the TT genotype of rs7671281 was significantly more common in the control group (OR, 6.47; 95% CI, 2.15-19.39; P < 0.001). The AG genotype of rs3796704 was significantly more common in the case group than in the control group (OR, 5.705; 95% CI, 1.60-20.25; P = 0.006). Under the dominant model, the GG genotype of rs3796704 was significantly more common in children without caries than in children with caries (OR, 6.84; 95% CI, 1.96-23.90; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The C allele of rs7671281 and the A allele of rs3796704 can increase susceptibility to ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Sharma
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research (CECCRe), Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, No.1 Mount Poonamalle Road, Sri Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, India; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondy-Cuddalore Main Road, Pillayarkuppam, Puducherry, India.
| | - M S Muthu
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research (CECCRe), Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, No.1 Mount Poonamalle Road, Sri Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Vettriselvi V
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, No.1, Mount Poonamalle Road, Sri Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, India.
| | - Sivakumar Nuvvula
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry. Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Chintareddy Palem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Gayathri T
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, No.1, Mount Poomamalle Road, Sri RamachandraNagar, Porur, Chennai, India.
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Sharma A, Muthu MS, Vettriselvi V, Nuvvula S, Gayathri T. AMELX gene association to early childhood caries in south-Indian children: a case-control study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:201-210. [PMID: 38409576 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic variants of AMELX gene can affect the protein content, organization of enamel prisms, microstructure and microhardness of the enamel, thus altering the caries susceptibility. The present study aims to assess the association between polymorphisms rs17878486, rs5934997, and rs5933871 of AMELX gene and Early Childhood Caries (ECC). MATERIALS AND METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 200 participants, aged 3-6 years, with 100 controls and 100 children with ECC. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, birth-weight, type of delivery, oral hygiene practices, feeding history and 24-h diet diary. DNA was isolated from blood and subjected to PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS The CC genotype of rs17878486 showed an OR of 1.93 (0.34-10.81; P = 0.73). In a recessive model, the CC genotype of rs17878486 reported an OR of 2.04 (0.36-11.40; P = 0.68); rs5593871 reported an OR of 1.00 (0.31-3.21). Statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between genotype and allele frequencies of rs17878486, rs5934997, and rs5933871 were not observed between children with ECC and the controls. CONCLUSION Polymorphisms of AMELX gene did not show a significant association with ECC in this population. However, documentation of genetic data in a global context of ECC may be essential for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research (CECCRe), Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pillayarkuppam, Pondicherry, India
| | - M S Muthu
- Centre for Early Childhood Caries Research (CECCRe), Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India.
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - V Vettriselvi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - S Nuvvula
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, India
| | - T Gayathri
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Malas N, Kochaji C, Soukkarieh C, Almonakel MB, Alzoubi H. Association of Dental Caries in Primary Teeth With HLA Class II Gene Among Syrian Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e53081. [PMID: 38414691 PMCID: PMC10897358 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Numerous studies have shown that there is evidence that genetic factors contribute in different ways to the occurrence of caries lesions, and the multiple differences in the human leucocytes antigen (HLA) gene patterns play an important role in the body's immune response. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between some HLA class II alleles (HLA-DR4, HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ4) and early childhood caries (ECC) occurrence in Syrian children. Materials and methods The study included 80 children aged three to six, divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 40) being severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) children (deft ≥ 10) and Group 2 (n = 40) being free caries children (deft = 0). The genomic DNAs were extracted and collected by taking a buccal swab using a sterile metal strip and were amplified by polymerase chain reaction-single specific primer (PCR-SSP) and then HLA-typing was performed for all alleles. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of S-ECC, HLA-DR4, and HLA-DQ2 alleles (p = 0.626, 0.256 respectively), while the incidence of S-ECC was associated with the DQ4 allele (p = 0.012). Conclusion HLA class II molecules may play a crucial role in predisposing to ECC, since positive HLA-DQ4 may enhance the chance of developing ECC. However, no association were found between (HLA-DR4 and HLA-DQ2) and ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassouh Malas
- Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Chaza Kochaji
- Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | | | | | - Hasan Alzoubi
- Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
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Miri‐Moghaddam E, Mousavi FS, Salehiniya H, Vafaeie F, Abbaszadeh H. The association between MMP-13 rs478927 gene polymorphism and dental caries susceptibility in children with mixed dentition from Birjand, Iran: A case-control study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1708. [PMID: 38028692 PMCID: PMC10654377 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Gene polymorphisms are responsible for at least part of the variation in caries susceptibility despite similar environmental factors. Genes involved in enamel formation like matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) may participate in caries process. The aim was to investigate the association between MMP-13 rs478927 polymorphism and caries susceptibility in 6-years-old children from Birjand, Iran. Methods Six-years old children from Birjand, Iran, participated in this study. The total decayed, missing, and filled teeth were calculated and defined as caries index (CI). Based on this CI, two groups of high-caries (case) and low-caries (control) were taken into account. Saliva samples were collected and DNA was extracted. The allele and genotypes of MMP-13 rs478927 polymorphism were determined by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method. p Value was significant if p < 0.05. Results Three hundred sixty-seven children consisted of 186 low-caries children and 181 high-caries children were included in this study. The mean CI was 6.02 ± 0.81. There was no significant association between high and low-caries groups based on socioeconomic status, eating sweet snacks, parents' susceptibility to dental caries, duration of breastfeeding, and the brushing habit (p > 0.05). There wasn't any significant association between genotype distribution of MMP-13 rs478927 polymorphism and CI groups (p = 0.924). This polymorphism was associated with increased caries susceptibility under all genetic models but this effect was not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion The MMP-13 rs478927 gene polymorphism was not significantly associated with dental caries susceptibility in Birjandi children with mixed dentition. It is recommended to conduct studies on children of different dentitions to better understand the role of this polymorphism on caries susceptibility in primary and permanent teeth of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Miri‐Moghaddam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Faculty of MedicineBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | | | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Farzaneh Vafaeie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Facultyof MedicineBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Hamid Abbaszadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of DentistryBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
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Chisini LA, Santos FDC, de Carvalho RV, Horta BL, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Demarco FF, Correa MB. Impact of tooth mineral tissues genes on dental caries: a birth-cohort study. J Dent 2023; 133:104505. [PMID: 37031884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate whether Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms present in the genes of tooth mineral tissues influence dental caries trajectory across the life course, and if there is an epistatic (gene-gene) interaction between these SNPs. METHODS A representative sample of all 5,914 births from the 1982 Pelotas birth cohort study was prospectively investigated. Dental caries trajectory across the life course was assessed at 15(n=888), 24(n=720), and 31 years old(n=539). Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify distinct subgroups of individuals whose caries measurements followed a similar pattern over time. Genetic material was collected, and individuals were genotyped [rs4970957(TUFT1), rs1711437(MMP20), rs1784418(MMP20), rs2252070(MMP13), rs243847(MMP2), rs2303466(DLX3), rs11656951(DLX3), rs7501477(TIMP2), rs388286(BMP7), and rs5997096(TFIP11)]. Analyzes were performed for allele and genotype using logistic regression and generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction for epistatic interactions. RESULTS The analyses included 678 individuals, those with allele C (OR=0.74, CI95%[0.59-0.92]), genotype CC in the additive effect (OR=0.52, CI95%[0.31-0.89]), and the genotype TC/CC in dominant effect (OR=0.72, CI95%[0.53-0.98]) on the rs243847(MMP2) were associated with low caries trajectory. Individuals with the allele T (OR=0.79, CI95%[0.64-0.98]) and the genotype TC/CC in dominant effect (OR=0.66, CI95%[0.47-0.95]) on the rs5997096(TFIP11) were associated with low caries trajectory. Positive epistatic interactions were observed involving two (MMP2 and BMP7; p=0.006) and three (TUFT1, MMP2, and TFIP11; p<0.001) loci and high caries trajectory. CONCLUSIONS Some SNPs present in the genes of tooth mineral tissues were associated with caries trajectory and epistatic interactions increasing the network of SNPs involved in individual caries experience. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the pathway of tooth mineral tissues genes may contribute significantly to the individual caries experience across the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Alexandre Chisini
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Address: 457, Gonçalves Chaves St. 5th floor, Pelotas, Brazil 96015-560.
| | - Francine da Costa Santos
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University Pelotas, Address: 1160, Marechal Deodoro St. Pelotas, RS, Brazil 96020-220.
| | - Rodrigo Varella de Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil. Address: 745, São Paulo St., Governador Valadares, Brazil 35010-180.
| | - Bernardo Lessa Horta
- Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University Pelotas, Address: 1160, Marechal Deodoro St. Pelotas, RS Brazil 96020-220.
| | - Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues
- PhD, Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University Pelotas, Address: 1160, Marechal Deodoro St. Pelotas, RS, Brazil 96020-220.
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Address: 457, Gonçalves Chaves St. 5th floor, Pelotas, Brazil 96015-560.
| | - Marcos Britto Correa
- DDS, MSc, PhD. Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Address: 457, Gonçalves Chaves St. 5th floor, Pelotas, Brazil 96015-560.
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Sharma A, Patil SS, Muthu MS, Venkatesan V, Kirubakaran R, Nuvvula S, Arockiam S. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of enamel formation genes and early childhood caries - systematic review, gene-based, gene cluster and meta-analysis. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2023; 41:3-15. [PMID: 37282406 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_78_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genetic polymorphisms of genes regulating amelogenesis can alter susceptibility to Early Childhood Caries (ECC). This systematic review aims to analyze associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of enamel formation genes and ECC. Methods Search was conducted across PUBMED, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Web of Science, Genome-Wide Association Studies databases from January 2003 to September 2022. This was supplemented by hand search. Totally 7124 articles were identified and 21 articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria proceeded to data extraction. Quality assessment was done using the Q-Genie tool. Results Quantitative synthesis revealed that homozygous genotype AA of rs12640848 was significantly higher in children with ECC with an odds ratio of 2.36. Gene-based analysis revealed significant association between six variants of AMBN, four variants of KLK4, two variants of MMP20, and a single variant of each of MMP9 and MMP13 genes and ECC. The Bonferroni corrected-log10 P value of amelogenesis gene Cluster was 2.25 (0.05/88 = 5.6 × 10-4). Search Tool for Retrieval of Interacting Genes and Proteins plot constructed to comprehend the protein-protein interaction revealed the presence of four functional clusters. Gene function prediction using Multiple Association Network Integration Algorithm revealed that physical interaction between these genes was 69.3%. Conclusion Polymorphisms of genes regulating amelogenesis can influence the susceptibility to ECC. AA genotype of rs12640848 may increase the susceptibility to ECC. Gene-based analysis revealed a significant association between multiple polymorphisms of genes regulating amelogenesis and ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Sharma
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Early Childhood Caries and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India
| | - Sneha S Patil
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu; Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - M S Muthu
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Early Childhood Caries and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vettriselvi Venkatesan
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Richard Kirubakaran
- South Asian Cochrane Network and Centre, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar Nuvvula
- Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Selva Arockiam
- Department of Orthodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alam MK, Dhasarathan V, Aly MH, Zaman MU, Ganji KK, Basri R, Munisekhar MS, Nagarajappa AK. Investigation on Enamel and Dentine of Tooth through 1D Photonic Structure to Identify the Caries in Human Teeth. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120788. [PMID: 36550994 PMCID: PMC9774619 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a one-dimensional (1D) photonic structure was employed to study the nature of both enamel and dentine teeth at the signal of 1.8 THz. A simple three layer one-dimensional crystal is chosen to avoid fabrication intricacy. The materials and methods for sample preparations are discussed. The principle of investigation of caries in the teeth relies on the amount of reflected signal from the structure. Similarly, reflectance is a function of refractive indices and thickness of each layer, the nature of both substrate and infiltrated materials, and the configuration of the structure. Apart from this, the fabrication process of one-dimensional structure and experimental set-up was proposed in this article. The numerical treatment is explained here to obtain reflectance, and subsequently, the output potential. Comparison studies on output potential between enamel and dentine are also shown through graphical representation. The output result in terms of milli-Volt (mV) were obtained at the output end and collected at the photodiode. Interesting results were also observed at the photodetector. For example; the output potential of the reflected signal is around 0.18 mV for both enamel and dentine teeth whereas the potential is more than 0.26 mV and 0.31 mV for caries in dentine and enamel, respectively. Finally, it was inferred that the nature of teeth pertaining to the caries in the enamel and dentine teeth can be investigated by identifying the amount of potential at the output end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Vigneswaran Dhasarathan
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Centre for IoT and AI (CITI), KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore 641407, India
| | - Moustafa H. Aly
- Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria 1029, Egypt
| | - Mahmud Uz Zaman
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16245, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kiran Kumar Ganji
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehana Basri
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manay Srinivas Munisekhar
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anil Kumar Nagarajappa
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
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Polymorphisms in genes expressed during amelogenesis and their association with dental caries: a case–control study. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 27:1681-1695. [PMID: 36422720 PMCID: PMC10102052 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Dental caries is a widespread multifactorial disease, caused by the demineralization of hard dental tissues. Susceptibility to dental caries is partially genetically conditioned; this study was aimed at finding an association of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding proteins involved in amelogenesis with this disease in children.
Materials and methods
In this case–control study, 15 SNPs in ALOX15, AMBN, AMELX, KLK4, TFIP11, and TUFT1 genes were analyzed in 150 children with primary dentition and 611 children with permanent teeth with/without dental caries from the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) cohort.
Results
Dental caries in primary dentition was associated with SNPs in AMELX (rs17878486) and KLK4 (rs198968, rs2242670), and dental caries in permanent dentition with SNPs in AMELX (rs17878486) and KLK4 (rs2235091, rs2242670, rs2978642), (p ≤ 0.05). No significant differences between cases and controls were observed in the allele or genotype frequencies of any of the selected SNPs in ALOX15, AMBN, TFIP11, and TUFT1 genes (p > 0.05). Some KLK4 haplotypes were associated with dental caries in permanent dentition (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions
Based on this study, we found that although the SNPs in AMELX and KLK4 are localized in intronic regions and their functional significance has not yet been determined, they are associated with susceptibility to dental caries in children.
Clinical relevance
AMELX and KLK4 variants could be considered in the risk assessment of dental caries, especially in permanent dentition, in the European Caucasian population.
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Sudi SM, Kabbashi S, Roomaney IA, Aborass M, Chetty M. The genetic determinants of oral diseases in Africa: The gaps should be filled. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:1017276. [PMID: 36304994 PMCID: PMC9593064 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.1017276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases are a major health concern and are among the most prevalent diseases globally. This problem is becoming more prominent in the rapidly growing populations of Africa. It is well documented that Africa exhibits the most diverse genetic make-up in the world. However, little work has been conducted to understand the genetic basis of oral diseases in Africans. Oral health is often neglected and receives low prioritisation from funders and governments. The genetic determinants of highly prevalent oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease, and regionally prevalent conditions such as oral cancer and NOMA, are largely under-researched areas despite numerous articles alluding to a high burden of these diseases in African populations. Therefore, this review aims to shed light on the significant gaps in research on the genetic and genomic aspects of oral diseases in African populations and highlights the urgent need for evidence-based dentistry, in tandem with the development of the dentist/scientist workforce.
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Association of MMP9, MMP13 and MMP20 genes polymorphism with dental caries: A meta-analysis. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Genetic Aspects of Dental Erosive Wear and Dental Caries. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:5566733. [PMID: 34335772 PMCID: PMC8292068 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5566733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present review aims to give an overview of the literature focusing on novel genetic aspects of dental erosion and dental caries. Once the tooth erupts into the oral cavity, the regenerative capability of enamel is fundamentally limited due to the loss of dental epithelium during eruption. The susceptibility or resistance to dental erosion and caries is presumably a result of environmental, phenotypic, and/or genetic influence. Even though it is evident that individuals frequently exposing their teeth to acid and sugar are at high risk of developing dental erosion and caries, the findings exclusively based on these factors are elusive. Data resources and study selection. The present review was based on data collected from the National Library of Medicine database with different combinations of the following terms: "tooth," "dental," "dentin," "enamel," "erosion," "erosive wear," "caries," "decay," "gene," and "genetic." A total of forty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted by one reviewer and verified by another. Conclusion The high prevalence of erosion and caries among certain groups, and observations that not all individuals appearing to be at risk develop these lesions, has sparked research on identifying genetic effects to these conditions. A connection of genome-wide and candidate gene studies has increased considerably in the literature. This review reveals largely varying success among studies, demonstrating the difficulties of developing the study with adequate sample sizes and durable phenotype definitions that permit enough statistical power to identify genetic contributors.
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Sharifi R, Shayan A, Jamshidy L, Mozaffari HR, Hatipoğlu Ö, Tadakamadla SK, Sadeghi M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of CA VI, AMBN, and TUFT1 polymorphisms and dental caries risk. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Prediction of Early Childhood Caries Based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Using Neural Networks. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040462. [PMID: 33805090 PMCID: PMC8064067 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Several genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with early childhood caries. However, they are highly age- and population-dependent and the majority of existing caries prediction models are based on environmental and behavioral factors only and are scarce in infants. Methods: We examined 6 novel and previously analyzed 22 SNPs in the cohort of 95 Polish children (48 caries, 47 caries-free) aged 2–3 years. All polymorphisms were genotyped from DNA extracted from oral epithelium samples. We used Fisher’s exact test, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and uni-/multi-variable logistic regression to test the association of SNPs with the disease, followed by the neural network (NN) analysis. Results: The logistic regression (LogReg) model showed 90% sensitivity and 96% specificity, overall accuracy of 93% (p < 0.0001), and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.970 (95% CI: 0.912–0.994; p < 0.0001). We found 90.9–98.4% and 73.6–87.2% prediction accuracy in the test and validation predictions, respectively. The strongest predictors were: AMELX_rs17878486 and TUFT1_rs2337360 (in both LogReg and NN), MMP16_rs1042937 (in NN) and ENAM_rs12640848 (in LogReg). Conclusions: Neural network prediction model might be a substantial tool for screening/early preventive treatment of patients at high risk of caries development in the early childhood. The knowledge of potential risk status could allow early targeted training in oral hygiene and modifications of eating habits.
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Kent S, Regan A, McDonald C, Henry A, Dawoud B, Hennedige A, Kulkarni R, Logan G, Exley R, Gilbert K, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. Gender differences in patients with severe dental infections presenting to hospital. Br Dent J 2021:10.1038/s41415-020-2351-7. [PMID: 33627847 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Gender differences have been documented in prevalence and morbidity of caries, gingivitis and oral health, but not previously in cervicofacial infection. Identification and minimisation of gender inequalities is a World Health Organisation priority, and there are physiological, behavioural and cultural reasons to suspect that sex and gender differences may be present.Methods Analysis was carried out of the MTReC National Snapshot audit of cervicofacial infections. This database was created by oral and maxillofacial surgery trainees in 2017 and records over 400 variables in 1,002 individual patients admitted to hospital with severe odontogenic infection.Results Records were available for 1,002 patients with cervicofacial infection (456 females and 546 males). There were significant differences between recorded gender in those presenting with airway compromise (male 7% vs female 2%, p = 0.001), severe inflammatory response syndrome (male 60% vs female 39%, p = 0.007) and requirement for awake fibre-optic intubation on admission (male 4% vs female 1%, p = 0.014).Discussion These results suggest that male patients access healthcare later in their disease than female patients, and with more severe systemic compromise. This may be due to prevalent cultural and behavioural norms. As equality of access is the responsibility of the administrator, we discuss methods which might improve timely presentation in males with cervicofacial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Greg Logan
- MTReC, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Panos Kyzas
- MTReC, Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital, East Lancashire, UK
| | | | - James McCaul
- MTReC, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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Elyassi Gorji N, Nasiri P, Malekzadeh Shafaroudi A, Moosazadeh M. Comparison of dental caries (DMFT and DMFS indices) between asthmatic patients and control group in Iran: a meta-analysis. Asthma Res Pract 2021; 7:2. [PMID: 33541418 PMCID: PMC7863474 DOI: 10.1186/s40733-021-00068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between caries index, which is diagnosed by Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT), and asthma has been assessed in several studies, which yielded contradictory results. Meta-analysis is the statistical procedure for combining data from multiple studies and reducing the differences among parameters due to the increased number of studies involved in the analysis process. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between dental caries using decayed, missing, filled teeth indices (DMFT, dmft, and DMFS indices) and asthma using meta-analysis. Methods Databases were searched using such keywords as “Asthma,” “Caries,” “DMFT,” “DMFS,” “Iran,” and OR operators, AND, and NOT. After the elimination of duplicate documentation, the articles which met the inclusion criteria were selected. Quality assessment was performed based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Checklist (NOS). After that, standardized mean difference (SMD) of DMFT, dmft, and Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces (DMFS) indices were estimated. Results The number of 10 evidence was extracted out of nine studies in which mean oral health indices were compared between asthmatic patients and the control group. Out of 10 evidences that examined the association of DMFT, dmft, and DMFS with asthma, these indices were higher in asthmatic patients than the control group in seven cases. In three cases, these differences were statistically significant. The SMD of DMFT, dmft, and DMFS indices between asthmatic patients and the control group at the confidence level of 95% were reported as 0.29 (− 0.05, 0.62), 0.48 (− 0.20, 1.17), and − 0.05(− 0.30, 0.21), respectively. Conclusion According to the results, the prevalence of dental caries is higher among patients with asthma than in the control group. Therefore, having asthma could be considered a risk factor for the development of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Elyassi Gorji
- Dentistry Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Pegah Nasiri
- Dentistry Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Malekzadeh Shafaroudi
- Dentistry Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. .,Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Kelly AM, Bezamat M, Modesto A, Vieira AR. Biomarkers for Lifetime Caries-Free Status. J Pers Med 2020; 11:jpm11010023. [PMID: 33396693 PMCID: PMC7824168 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to address the hypothesis that extreme outcomes of dental caries, such as edentulism
or prematurely losing permanent teeth are associated with genetic variation in enamel-formation genes. After scanning 6206 individuals, samples of 330 were selected for this study. Tested phenotypes included patients who were edentulous by age 30, patients with missing first molars by age 30, patients with missing second molars by age 30, and caries-free patients. Fourteen single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped by TaqMan chemistry. The analyses of each phenotype were performed using the software PLINK with an alpha of 0.05. Nominal associations were found between rs12640848 in enamelin (p = 0.05), rs1784418 in matrix metallopeptidase 20 (p = 0.02), and rs5997096 in the tuftelin interacting protein 11 and being caries-free at the age of 60. When combining patients that were missing both first mandibular molars and missing both second mandibular molars, no associations were found. Matrix metallopeptidase 20, and tuftelin interacting protein 11 also showed trends for association with being caries-free. Genetic variation in TFIP11, MMP20, and ENAM may have a protective effect increasing the chances of individuals preserving their teeth caries-free over a lifetime.
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Vieira AR, Modesto A. Amelogenesis Imperfecta Enamel Changes, Amelogenin, and Dental Caries Susceptibility. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2020.613851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is great interest in identifying the subset of individuals in the population that are more susceptible to dental caries. We proposed that a portion of these particular individuals are more susceptible to dental caries due to changes in dental enamel that are related to amelogenin genomic variation. However, apparently amelogenin function can be impacted by inflammation, and this can lead to small changes in the structure of the dental enamel that later in life increases the risk of dental caries.
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Randazzo AC, Burnheimer JM, Bayram M, Seymen F, Vieira AR. Genetic polymorphisms influence shear bond resistance of orthodontic brackets. J World Fed Orthod 2020; 9:101-105. [PMID: 32943154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejwf.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine if shear bond resistance of orthodontic brackets bonded to enamel is associated with genes implicated in the enamel mineralization process. METHODS Ninety-two permanent, caries-free premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes and their associated saliva samples were obtained. Eighteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were studied for association with shear bond resistance. The genes of interest in this study were those previously associated with dental caries by our group. All tooth samples were bonded on the buccal surface with metallic lower lateral brackets, and then subjected to physical debonding. The force required to debond the bracket was recorded in Newtons (N) and converted to a shear bond resistance value in Megapascals (N/mm2). The data were analyzed for statistical significance as compared with the mean shear bond resistance value via PLINK whole genome analysis software. RESULTS Associations were found between the SNPs for tuftelin (rs7526319, P = 0.004) and amelogenin (rs17878486, P = 0.04) and a higher shear bond resistance. CONCLUSION The collected data support the proposed hypothesis that genes involved in the mineralization process affect the bonding of orthodontic brackets, and such an association is of value for the field of orthodontics, particularly in evaluating the efficacy of enamel-resin bond strength for patients receiving treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Randazzo
- Student, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - John M Burnheimer
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Merve Bayram
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Figen Seymen
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Professor, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Genes in the pathway of tooth mineral tissues and dental caries risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3723-3738. [PMID: 32945961 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review of the literature, investigating the influence of tooth mineral tissues genes on dental caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five databases were searched. Only human studies with cross-sectional, longitudinal, and case-control design were included. Meta-analysis was performed for each polymorphism, providing allele and genotype estimates. A meta-analysis was performed, pooling several polymorphisms for each gene. A Funnel Plot and Egger's test were also performed. RESULTS A total of 1124 records were found. Of these, 25 papers were included in the systematic review and 18 in the meta-analysis. Most of the studies (52%) were of medium quality. With regard to the allele analysis, the T allele of rs134136 (TFIP11) (OR 1.51; 95%CI 1.02-2.22) showed an association with high experience of caries and the summarization of polymorphisms investigated in the TFIP11 gene, after exclusion of SNP linkage disequilibrium, showed an association with caries experience (OR 1.64; 95%CI 1.08-2.50). An analysis of the homozygous genotype did not show any significant association. The pooled SNPs of AMBN showed associations with caries (OR 0.45; 95%CI 0.29-0.72). The pooled polymorphisms of AMELX were associated with caries experience (OR 1.78; 95%CI 1.23-2.56). In the analysis of the homozygous genotype, no SNP showed a significant association. Egger's test showed no significant publication bias for all models (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The present findings showed that the genes TFIP11, AMBN, and AMELX play an important role in dental caries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Several single nucleotide polymorphisms related to the genes in the formation of tooth mineral are linked to the occurrence of dental caries, and these genes have proved to be important for an explanation of differences in the risk of dental caries.
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YILDIZ TELATAR G, SAYDAM F. Lack of Association between Enamel Gene Variants and Dental Caries in Adults. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.690129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Koohpeima F, Derakhshan M, Mokhtari MJ. AMELX Gene Association with Dental Caries in Iranian Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2020; 8:294-300. [PMID: 32587839 PMCID: PMC7305461 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.8.4.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dental decay is a disease that is greatly affected by environmental components, but recently there have been an increasing number of documents supporting a genetic factor in the development of caries. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between dental caries and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the AMELX gene. This research was carried out on 360 individuals of both sexes, who were referred to the dental school at the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. In this research, individuals aged 20–65 years were divided into two groups: controls (decayed, missed, or filled teeth (DMFT) ≤ 5; n = 180) and cases (DMFT ≥ 14; n = 180). The tetra-primer ARMS-PCR technique was performed for genotyping the DNA extracted from blood cells. Analysis of the AMELX rs946252 polymorphism showed that the T allele of rs946252 was a significant protective factor against dental caries in Iranian adults (T vs. C: OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.49–0.98, P = 0.04). We demonstrated the significant differences in the genotype frequencies under two genetic models: overdominant (TC vs. TT + CC: OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.19–0.64, P = 0.0006) and recessive (CC vs. TC + TT: OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.39–4.76, P = 0.002). Our results show that the SNPs of the AMELX gene may be related with susceptibility to dental caries in Iranian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Koohpeima
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterial Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterial Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mokhtari
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Department of Biology, Zarghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zarghan, Iran
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Wang Y, Bandyopadhyay D, Shaffer JR, Wu X. Gene-Based Association Mapping for Dental Caries in The GENEVA Consortium. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY AND DENTAL MEDICINE 2020; 3:156. [PMID: 34622142 PMCID: PMC8494074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with high prevalence in both children and adults. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed that genetic factors play an important role in caries incidence. However, existing methods are not sufficient to identify caries-associated genes, due to the complex correlation structure of caries GWAS data, and lack of appropriate summarization at the gene level. This paper attempts to address that by analyzing data from the Gene, Environment Association Studies (GENEVA) consortium. METHODS We investigated gene-based genetic associations for dental caries based on genome-wide data derived from the GENEVA database, with adjustment to covariates, linkage disequilibrium among single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and family relations, in sampled individuals. RESULTS Several suggestive genes were identified, in which some of them have been previously found to have potential biological functions on cariogenesis. CONCLUSIONS By comparing the gene sets identified from gene-based and SNP-based association testing methods, we found a non-negligible overlap, which indicates that our gene-based analysis can provide substantial supplement to the traditional GWAS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Wang
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | | | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA
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Phenome-Wide Scan Finds Potential Orofacial Risk Markers for Cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4869. [PMID: 32184411 PMCID: PMC7078198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease caused by a process that drives the transformation of normal cells into malignant cells. The late diagnosis of cancer has a negative impact on the health care system due to high treatment cost and decreased chances of favorable prognosis. Here, we aimed to identify orofacial conditions that can serve as potential risk markers for cancers by performing a phenome-wide scan (PheWAS). From a pool of 6,100 individuals, both genetic and epidemiological data of 1,671 individuals were selected: 350 because they were previously diagnosed with cancer and 1,321 to match to those individuals that had cancer, based on age, sex, and ethnicity serving as a comparison group. Results of this study showed that when analyzing the individuals affected by cancer separately, tooth loss/edentulism is associated with SNPs in AXIN2 (rs11867417 p = 0.02 and rs2240308 p = 0.02), and leukoplakia of oral mucosa is associated with both AXIN2 (rs2240308 p = 0.03) and RHEB (rs2374261 p = 0.03). These phenotypes did not show the same trends in patients that were not diagnosed with cancer, allowing for the conclusion that these phenotypes are unique to cases with higher cancer risk.
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Ali S, Farooq I. A Review of the Role of Amelogenin Protein in Enamel Formation and Novel Experimental Techniques to Study its Function. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:880-886. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190731120018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:Amelognein protein plays a vital role in the formation and mineralization of enamel matrix. Amelogenin structure is complex in nature and researchers have studied it with different experimental techniques. Considering its important role, there is a need to understand this important protein, which has been discussed in detail in this review. In addition, various experimental techniques to study amelogenin protein used previously have been tackled along with their advantages and disadvantages. A selection of 67 relevant articles/book chapters was included in this study. The review concluded that amelogenins act as nanospheres or spacers for the growth of enamel crystals. Various experimental techniques can be used to study amelogenins, however, their advantages and drawbacks should be kept in mind before performing analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Ali
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Farooq
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Cavallari T, Arima LY, Ferrasa A, Moysés SJ, Tetu Moysés S, Hirochi Herai R, Iani Werneck R. Dental caries: Genetic and protein interactions. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 108:104522. [PMID: 31476523 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a genetic and protein interaction analysis associated with dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS The first step was to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) through an electronic database search. Case-controls that reported associations between genes and dental caries were the main type of study design used as inclusion criteria, retrieved from the PubMed and the Virtual Health Library databases, comprising the chronological range from 1982 to 2017. The SLR was guided by PRISMA protocol and the methodological quality of the studies was established through Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). In the second step, the String Protein Interaction (SPI) approach was used to analyze protein interaction (by esyN software) and also the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) to check biological pathways associated with dental caries genes. RESULTS A total of 51 articles were included to perform this SLR, describing a number of 27 genes associated with dental caries development. At the genetic level, 23 genes have at least one other gene with which they interact. The genes TUFT1, VDR, TFIP11, LTF, HLA-DRB1, MMP2, MMP3 and MUC5B were shown to be connected in interactive networks by at least 10 other genes. CONCLUSION It is essential to apprehend the multifactorial pattern of inheritance in human disease. This study presents pathways which may be directly correlated with several dental caries phenotype and this contributes to a better understanding of this disease, opening up a wider range of biotechnology options for its effective control in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayla Cavallari
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dentistry Department, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 80215-901.
| | - Letícia Yumi Arima
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dentistry Department, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 80215-901.
| | - Adriano Ferrasa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 80215-901; Informatics Department, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Paraná, Brazil, 84030-900.
| | - Samuel Jorge Moysés
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dentistry Department, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 80215-901.
| | - Simone Tetu Moysés
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dentistry Department, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 80215-901.
| | - Roberto Hirochi Herai
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 80215-901; Research Division, Lico Kaesemodel Institute, Paraná, Brazil, 80240-000.
| | - Renata Iani Werneck
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dentistry Department, School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, 80215-901.
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Ortiz S, Herrman E, Lyashenko C, Purcell A, Raslan K, Khor B, Snow M, Forsyth A, Choi D, Maier T, Machida CA. Sex-specific differences in the salivary microbiome of caries-active children. J Oral Microbiol 2019; 11:1653124. [PMID: 31497256 PMCID: PMC6720314 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2019.1653124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Dental caries is a chronic disease affecting young children and has multi-factorial risk factors. The purpose of this work was to identify sex-specific differences in the salivary microbiota within caries-active children. Design: Saliva specimens were collected from 85 children (boys: 41; girls: 44) between the ages of 2-12 years. Salivary microbial DNA was subjected to PCR amplification using V3-V4 16S rDNA-specific primers and next-generation sequencing. Results: Significant sex differences in salivary microbiota were found between caries-active boys versus caries-active girls. Neisseria flavescens, Rothia aeria, and Haemophilus pittmaniae were found at significantly higher levels in caries-active boys. In contrast, Lactococcus lactis, Selenomonas species HOT 126, Actinobaculum species HOT 183, Veillonella parvula, and Alloprevotella species HOT 473 were found at significantly higher levels in caries-active girls. Conclusion: We have found the acid-generating, cariogenic Lactococcus lactis to be much more abundant in caries-active girls than caries-active boys, indicating that this microorganism may play a more significant role in shaping the cariogenic microbiome in girls. In addition, in caries-active girls, Alloprevotella species HOT 473 was the only species that exhibited both significant sex differences (4.4-fold difference; p=0.0003) as well as high abundance in numbers (1.85% of the total microbial population).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ortiz
- Academic DMD Program, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Elisa Herrman
- Academic DMD Program, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Claudia Lyashenko
- Department of Integrative Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Anne Purcell
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Kareem Raslan
- Academic DMD Program, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Brandon Khor
- Academic DMD Program, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Michael Snow
- Academic DMD Program, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Anna Forsyth
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Dongseok Choi
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Kyunghee University, Portland, OR, US
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyunghee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tom Maier
- Department of Integrative Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
| | - Curtis A. Machida
- Department of Integrative Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University School of Dentistry, Portland, OR, US
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Marklein KE, Torres-Rouff C, King LM, Hubbe M. The Precarious State of Subsistence: Reevaluating Dental Pathological Lesions Associated with Agricultural and Hunter-Gatherer Lifeways. CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1086/703376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hu XP, Song TZ, Zhu YY, Wu LL, Zhang X, Zhou JY, Li ZQ. Association of ENAM, TUFT1, MMP13, IL1B, IL10 and IL1RN gene polymorphism and dental caries susceptibility in Chinese children. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1696-1704. [PMID: 30803280 PMCID: PMC6460591 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519828450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in six candidate genes (enamelin [ ENAM]; tuftelin 1 [ TUFT1]; matrix metallopeptidase 13 [ MMP13]; interleukin 1 beta [ IL1B]; interleukin 10 [ IL10]; interleukin 1 receptor antagonist [ IL1RN]) and dental caries in children from northwest China. METHODS This case-control study enrolled children (12-15 years) who underwent routine dental examinations. The children were divided into two groups based on the presence of dental caries. A saliva sample was collected and seven SNPs (rs3806804A/G in ENAM, rs3811411T/G in TUFT1, rs2252070A/G and rs597315A/T in MMP13, rs1143627C/T in IL1B, rs1800872A/C in IL10 and rs956730G/A in IL1RN) were genotyped. RESULTS A total of 357 children were enrolled in the study: 161 with dental caries and 196 without dental caries. No significant difference was found in the alleles and genotypes of five genes ( ENAM, TUFT1, MMP13, IL10 and IL1RN) between those with and without dental caries. A significant relationship was found between the IL1B rs1143627C/T polymorphism and dental caries susceptibility with those carrying the rs1143627CT genotype having a lower risk of dental caries compared with those carrying the CC genotype (odds ratio 0.557; 95% confidence interval 0.326, 0.952). CONCLUSION The IL1B rs1143627C/T polymorphism may be associated with dental caries susceptibility in children from northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Pan Hu
- School of Stomatology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Tian-Zhu Song
- School of Stomatology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ling-Li Wu
- School of Stomatology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jian-Ye Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- School of Stomatology, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Watanabe C, Orino D, Shimizu K. Investigation of the effects of the chromosomal regions of mouse chromosome 2 on susceptibility to dental caries using congenic strains. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Trombley TM, Agarwal SC, Beauchesne PD, Goodson C, Candilio F, Coppa A, Rubini M. Making sense of medieval mouths: Investigating sex differences of dental pathological lesions in a late medieval Italian community. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2019; 169:253-269. [PMID: 30924143 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bioarchaeological investigations of sex-based differences in the prevalence of dental pathological lesions, particularly caries, have drawn considerable attention, and out of this work, two dominant models have emerged. Traditionally, the first model interprets sex-related patterns in caries as a product of gendered differences in diet. A more recent model interprets a generally higher propensity for caries prevalence in females in light of reproductive ecology. To test the hypothesis that females have higher risk of caries in accordance with reproductive ecology, we examined and analyzed caries prevalence and other potentially synergistic oral pathological lesions in a late medieval (A.D. 1300-1500) Italian archaeological sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined sex- and age-related prevalence in caries and other oral pathological lesions in a late medieval Italian skeletal assemblage excavated from Villamagna consisting of 38 females and 37 males (n = 1,534 teeth). We examined age- and sex-related patterns in six dental traits: antemortem tooth loss, caries, calculus, periapical inflammation, tooth wear, and periodontitis. RESULTS Significant age-related increases in antemortem tooth loss, caries, calculus, and tooth wear were observed in both males and females. However, there was a lack of expected sex differences in oral pathological lesions, with instead older males exhibiting significantly more antemortem tooth loss and corrected caries than females. DISCUSSION Results are discussed in relation to the ethnohistoric context of medieval rural dietary practices as well as biomedical salivary literature, which suggest that dietary changes throughout the life course may have facilitated trade-offs that buffered females from higher rates of dental pathological lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent M Trombley
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Sabrina C Agarwal
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Patrick D Beauchesne
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Michigan, Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan
| | - Caroline Goodson
- Faculty of History, University of Cambridge, King's College, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Candilio
- Anthropological Service, Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la città metropolitana di Cagliari e le province di Oristano e Sud Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy.,Physical Anthropology Section, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alfredo Coppa
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Rubini
- Department of Archaeology, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy.,Anthropological Service, S.A.B.A.P.-LAZ, Rome, Italy
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31
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Miranda KCDO, Souza TACD, Leal SC. Caries prevalence among Brazilian indigenous population of urban areas based on the 2010 National Oral Health Survey. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2018; 23:1313-1322. [PMID: 29694590 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232018234.18082016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to have an epidemiological understanding of oral diseases among indigenous persons, in order to contribute with the organization of health services for these populations. The SB Brasil 2010 database was used to compare the prevalence of dental caries among 308 self-identified indigenous and 37,211 non-indigenous individuals from urban areas, in the following age/age-groups: 5, 12, 15-19, 35-44, 65-74. The study also analyzed the effect of the complex sample design and the sample weight in the outcomes. Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon Scores (Rank Sums), logistic and multiple linear regressions were used for statistical analysis. The mean dmft index for indigenous and non-indigenous children aged five were 4.02 ± 4.01 and 2.41 ± 3.35, respectively, and 46% of non-native and 30.8% of native children were caries-free. The mean DMFT for indigenous and non-indigenous were 10.90 ± 11.69 and 10.93 ± 11.58, respectively, for all age groups when not taking into account the sample weight effect. When considering the complex sample design and the sample weight effect, the study found a statistical significant difference. The results lend credence to suspicions that in Brazil there are disparities in the patterns of caries between self-identified indigenous and non-indigenous individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soraya Coelho Leal
- Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil,
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32
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Bezamat M, Deeley K, Khaliq S, Letra A, Scariot R, Silva RM, Weber ML, Bussaneli DG, Trevilatto PC, Almarza AJ, Ouyang H, Vieira AR. Are mTOR and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Genes Associated with Oral and Bone Diseases? Caries Res 2018; 53:235-241. [PMID: 30205378 DOI: 10.1159/000492675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this cohort study was to identify associations between combined oral and bone disease phenotypes and genes present in cell regulatory pathways. The studied pathways play important roles in cellular growth, proliferation, differentiation, and homeostasis. DNA samples extracted from whole saliva of 3,912 individuals were genotyped and these data analyzed according to dental caries experience, periapical lesions, periodontitis, osteoporosis, or temporomandibular joint discomfort. Samples were obtained from the Dental Registry and DNA Repository project at the University of Pittsburgh. Twenty-seven polymorphisms in eight genes related to mTOR or endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways were selected for genotyping. Allele frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were calculated. Analyses were performed comparing genotypes between affected and unaffected individuals for each phenotype, as well as for the associated phenotypes combined. For all analyses, we used the software PLINK with an alpha of 0.002. Borderline associations with multiple variants of several genes were found, suggesting that both pathways may be involved in the susceptibility to multiple conditions affecting the oral cavity and bones. When combining patients that had concomitant dental caries, periodontitis, and periapical pathology, several markers in RHEB showed statistically significant association. Multiple conditions affecting bone and teeth (i.e., dental caries, periodontitis, periapical lesion formation, and osteoporosis) appear to share similar underlying genetic etiological factors, which allow us to hypothesize that instead of individually, they should be studied in conjunction in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bezamat
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shahryar Khaliq
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Graduate Program of Health Sciences, PUC-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Department of Oral Surgery, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Renato M Silva
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megan L Weber
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diego G Bussaneli
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Alejandro J Almarza
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hongjiao Ouyang
- Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, .,Graduate Program of Health Sciences, PUC-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil,
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Nibali L, Di Iorio A, Tu YK, Vieira AR. Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 44 Suppl 18:S52-S78. [PMID: 27754553 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to produce the latest summary of the evidence for association of host genetic variants contributing to both periodontal diseases and caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two systematic searches of the literature were conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, LILACS and Cochrane Library for large candidate gene studies (CGS), systematic reviews and genome-wide association studies reporting data on host genetic variants and presence of periodontal disease and caries. RESULTS A total of 124 studies were included in the review (59 for the periodontitis outcome and 65 for the caries outcome), from an initial search of 15,487 titles. Gene variants associated with periodontitis were categorized based on strength of evidence and then compared with gene variants associated with caries. Several gene variants showed moderate to strong evidence of association with periodontitis, although none of them had also been associated with the caries trait. CONCLUSIONS Despite some potential aetiopathogenic similarities between periodontitis and caries, no genetic variants to date have clearly been associated with both diseases. Further studies or comparisons across studies with large sample size and clear phenotype definition could shed light into possible shared genetic risk factors for caries and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Nibali
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London (QMUL), London, UK
| | - Anna Di Iorio
- Library Services, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Weber M, Bogstad Søvik J, Mulic A, Deeley K, Tveit AB, Forella J, Shirey N, Vieira AR. Redefining the Phenotype of Dental Caries. Caries Res 2018; 52:263-271. [PMID: 29393149 DOI: 10.1159/000481414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease and a major public health problem estimated to affect 60-90% of school children as well as a vast number of adults. The aim of this work was to define patterns of progression of the disease based on longitudinal data in contrast to using a cross-sectional assessment. dmft/DMFT scores were collected at ages 5, 12, 14, 16, 17, and 18 from 876 individuals. We tested our newly defined phenotypes for association with genetic variants in genes shown to be associated with caries. We generated genotyping data using Taqman chemistry in markers of genes involved in processes such as enamel formation and salivary contributions. Kallikrein 4 (KLK4) was found to show a significant association with the created phenotypes (p = 0.0008 in a recessive model for low caries experience in the primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition, and p = 0.0004 in a recessive model for caries free primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition).
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Weber
- University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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35
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Küchler EC, Dea Bruzamolin C, Ayumi Omori M, Costa MC, Antunes LS, Pecharki GD, Trevilatto PC, Vieira AR, Brancher JA. Polymorphisms in Nonamelogenin Enamel Matrix Genes Are Associated with Dental Fluorosis. Caries Res 2017; 52:1-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000479826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms in AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TFIP11, and TUFT1 genes are associated with dental fluorosis (DF). A total of 1,017 children from 2 Brazilian cohorts were evaluated. These populations lived in cities with fluoridation of public water supplies. DF was assessed in erupted permanent teeth using the modified Dean index. The polymorphisms rs946252, rs12640848, rs4694075, rs5997096, and rs4970957 were analyzed by real-time PCR from genomic DNA. Associations between DF, genotype, and allele distribution were evaluated using the χ2 test, with an alpha of 5%. The polymorphisms rs4694075, rs5997096, and rs4970957 in AMBN, TFIP11, and TUFT1 were associated with DF (p < 0.05). In conclusion, enamel matrix genes are associated with DF.
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36
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Lack of association between ENAM gene polymorphism and dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in Czech children. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1873-1877. [PMID: 29185146 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2280-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The enamelin gene (ENAM) polymorphism (rs12640848) was recently associated with dental caries in primary teeth in Polish children. The aims of the present study were to prove this association in primary dentition and to find a possible effect of this variant on caries development in permanent dentition in Czech children. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study comprised 905 Czech children. Totally, 187 children aged 2-6 years with primary dentition [78 healthy subjects (with decayed/missing/filled teeth, dmft = 0) and 109 patients with early childhood caries (ECC; dmft ≥ 1)] were included in this case-control study. In addition, 177 subjects aged 13-15 years without caries (DMFT = 0) and 541 children with dental caries (DMFT ≥ 1) in permanent dentition were selected from the ELSPAC study. Genotype determination of the ENAM polymorphism (rs12640848) was based on the TaqMan method. RESULTS No significant differences in the allele or genotype frequencies between the caries-free children and those affected by dental caries were observed in both primary and permanent dentitions. CONCLUSIONS Lack of association between the ENAM polymorphism (rs12640848) and dental caries in Czech children was detected. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although ENAM is considered as a candidate gene for dental caries, the presence of the ENAM variant (rs12640848) cannot be used as a risk factor of this multifactorial disease in the Czech population.
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Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Permanent Tooth Caries Susceptibility to Permanent Tooth Caries in Chinese Adolescent. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4096316. [PMID: 29259981 PMCID: PMC5702413 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4096316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease. In this study, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene were associated with susceptibility to permanent tooth caries in Chinese adolescents. Method A total of 200 dental caries patients and 200 healthy controls aged 12 years were genotyped for VDR gene polymorphisms using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. All of them were examined for their oral and dental status with the WHO criteria, and clinical information such as the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index (DMFT) was evaluated. Genomic DNA was extracted from the buccal epithelial cells. The four polymorphic SNPs (Bsm I, Taq I, Apa I, and Fok I) in VDR were assessed for both genotypic and phenotypic susceptibilities. Results Among the four examined VDR gene polymorphisms, the increased frequency of the CT and CC genotype of the Fok I VDR gene polymorphism was associated with dental caries in 12-year-old adolescent, compared with the controls (X2 = 17.813, p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, Fok I polymorphic allele C frequency was significantly increased in the dental caries cases, compared to the controls (X2 = 14.144, p ≤ 0.001, OR = 1.730, 95% CI = 1.299–2.303). However, the other three VDR gene polymorphisms (Bsm I, Taq I, and Apa I) showed no statistically significant differences in the caries groups compared with the controls. Conclusion VDR-Fok I gene polymorphisms may be associated with susceptibility to permanent tooth caries in Chinese adolescent.
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Kastovsky J, Borilova Linhartova P, Musilova K, Zackova L, Kukletova M, Kukla L, Izakovicova Holla L. Lack of Association between BMP2/DLX3 Gene Polymorphisms and Dental Caries in Primary and Permanent Dentitions. Caries Res 2017; 51:590-595. [PMID: 29059672 DOI: 10.1159/000479828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the association between BMP2 (rs1884302) and DLX3 (rs2278163) gene polymorphisms and dental caries in primary and permanent dentitions. A total of 914 subjects were genotyped by the TaqMan methods: 176 caries-free children (with Decayed/Missing/Filled Teeth, DMFT = 0), 542 patients with dental caries in permanent dentition (DMFT ≥1), 83 caries-free children with primary teeth (with decayed/missing/filled teeth, dmft = 0), and 113 children with early childhood caries (ECC, dmft ≥1). There were no significant differences in allele/genotype frequencies between patients with caries in permanent dentition/ECC and caries-free children or between patients with very low (DMFT = 0-2), low (DMFT = 3-5), moderate (DMFT = 6-8), or high (DMFT ≥9) caries experience. Variability in BMP2 and DLX3 was not associated with caries in the Czech population.
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Piekoszewska-Ziętek P, Turska-Szybka A, Olczak-Kowalczyk D. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Aetiology of Caries: Systematic Literature Review. Caries Res 2017; 51:425-435. [PMID: 28668961 DOI: 10.1159/000476075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the field of molecular biology and techniques of DNA sequence analysis allowed determining the meaning of hereditary factors of many common human diseases. Studies of genetic mechanisms in the aetiology of caries encompass, primarily, 4 main groups of genes responsible for (1) the development of enamel, (2) formation and composition of saliva, (3) immunological responses, and (4) carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study was to present current knowledge about the influence of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic variants on the occurrence of dental caries. PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for papers on the influence of genetic factors connected with SNP on the occurrence of dental caries in children, teenagers, and adults. Thirty original papers written in English were included in this review. Study groups ranged from 30 to 13,000 subjects. SNPs were observed in 30 genes. Results of the majority of studies confirm the participation of hereditary factors in the aetiology of caries. Three genes, AMELX, AQP5, and ESRRB, have the most promising evidence based on multiple replications and data, supporting a role of these genes in caries. The review of the literature proves that SNP is linked with the aetiology of dental caries.
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40
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Küchler EC, Pecharki GD, Castro ML, Ramos J, Barbosa F, Brancher JA, Vieira AR, Gerlach RF, Trevilatto PC. Genes Involved in the Enamel Development Are Associated with Calcium and Phosphorus Level in Saliva. Caries Res 2017; 51:225-230. [PMID: 28395292 DOI: 10.1159/000450764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Saliva components play a crucial role in the integrity of the dental enamel and in caries susceptibility. The saliva characteristics are controlled by many factors, including genetic factors. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the association between the genetic variations in genes expressed in enamel development with calcium and phosphorus levels in saliva. We collected 276 unrelated 12-year-old children from private and public schools. Saliva was collected for DNA extraction from oral cells and for measurement of calcium and phosphorus. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry determined calcium and phosphorus levels in whole saliva. Fifteen genetic variations in 9 genes were analyzed. The genotype was determined by real-time polymerase chain reactions. Data were analyzed using Plink with an alpha of 5%. Genetic variations in AMELX, AMNB and ESRRB were associated with the calcium level in saliva (p < 0.05). A borderline association was observed in ENAM allele distribution shown with phosphate level in saliva (p = 0.049). In conclusion, our results are the first to report that genetic variations contribute to calcium and phosphorus levels in saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ribeirao Preto Dental School, Faculty of Pharmacy of Ribeirao Preto, USP - University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Genetic Association of MMP10, MMP14, and MMP16 with Dental Caries. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:8465125. [PMID: 28348596 PMCID: PMC5350286 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8465125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade extracellular proteins as part of a variety of physiological processes, and their inhibitors have been implicated in the dental caries process. Here we investigated 28 genetic variants spanning the MMP10, MMP14, and MMP16 genes to detect association with dental caries experience in 13 age- and race-stratified (n = 3,587) samples from 6 parent studies. Analyses were performed separately for each sample, and results were combined across samples by meta-analysis. Two SNPs (rs2046315 and rs10429371) upstream of MMP16 were significantly associated with caries in an individual sample of white adults and via meta-analysis across 8 adult samples after gene-wise adjustment for multiple comparisons. Noteworthy is SNP rs2046315 (p = 8.14 × 10−8) association with caries in white adults. This SNP was originally nominated in a genome-wide-association study (GWAS) of dental caries in a sample of white adults and yielded associations in a subsequent GWAS of surface level caries in white adults as well. Therefore, in our study, we were able to recapture the association between rs2046315 and dental caries in white adults. Although we did not strengthen evidence that MMPs 10, 14, and 16 influence caries risk, MMP16 is still a likely candidate gene to pursue.
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Yıldız G, Ermiş RB. AMELX gen polimorfizminin cinsiyet ve çürük riski açısından değerlendirilmesi. ACTA ODONTOLOGICA TURCICA 2017. [DOI: 10.17214/gaziaot.282770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Uhlen MM, Stenhagen KR, Dizak PM, Holme B, Mulic A, Tveit AB, Vieira AR. Genetic variation may explain why females are less susceptible to dental erosion. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 124:426-432. [PMID: 27666331 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Not all individuals at risk for dental erosion (DE) display erosive lesions. The prevalence of DE is higher among male subjects. The occurrence of DE may depend on more than just acidic challenge, with genetics possibly playing a role. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of enamel-formation genes with DE. One premolar and a saliva sample were collected from 90 individuals. Prepared teeth were immersed in 0.01 M HCl (pH 2.2), and enamel loss (μm) was measured using white light interferometry. DNA was extracted from saliva, and 15 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were analysed. Allele and genotype frequencies were related to the enamel loss of the specimens. Single-marker and haplotype analyses were performed using sex as a covariate. Mean enamel loss was higher for male donors than for female donors (P = 0.047). Significant associations were found between enamel loss and amelogenin, X-linked (AMELX), tuftelin 1 (TUFT1), and tuftelin-interacting protein 11 (TFIP11). Analyses showed significant associations between variation in enamel-formation genes and a lower susceptibility to DE in female subjects. The results indicate that susceptibility to DE is influenced by genetic variation, and may, in part, explain why some individuals are more susceptible than others to DE, including differences between female subjects and male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marte-Mari Uhlen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kjersti R Stenhagen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Piper M Dizak
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Børge Holme
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aida Mulic
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne B Tveit
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Cariology and Gerodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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44
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Antunes LA, Antunes LS, Küchler EC, Lopes LB, Moura A, Bigonha RS, Abreu FV, Granjeiro JM, de Amorim LMDF, Paixão ICNP. Analysis of the association between polymorphisms in MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP20, TIMP1, and TIMP2 genes with white spot lesions and early childhood caries. Int J Paediatr Dent 2016; 26:310-9. [PMID: 26371789 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors might be involved in enamel formation. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP20, TIMP1, and TIMP2 with white spot lesions (WSL) and early childhood caries (ECC). DESIGN A cross-sectional study was performed on 786 children aged from 2 to 6 years in Brazil. After clinical evaluation, they were classified into groups with disease (the presence of WSL and/or ECC) and without disease (the absence of WSL or ECC). Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms was carried out with TaqMan real-time PCR, using genomic DNA extracted from buccal cells. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between groups. Chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and logistic regression were used (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS The dmft score was 1.3 (SD: 2.4), and 41.34% of the children have at least one caries lesion. In MMP9, the GG genotype was more frequent in the group without disease (P = 0.006). In a recessive model, WSL was associated with the marker rs1711437 in MMP20 (P = 0.019; OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.02-1.42). The marker rs1784418 in MMP20 showed an association between the allele G distribution for the WSL group (P = 0.020; OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.96). CONCLUSION MMP9 and MMP20 are involved in WSL and ECC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Azeredo Antunes
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Brazil.,Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.,Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Santos Antunes
- School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Brazil.,Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alex Moura
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Directory of Programs, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias, Brazil
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45
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Jeremias F, Pierri RAG, Souza JF, Fragelli CMB, Restrepo M, Finoti LS, Bussaneli DG, Cordeiro RCL, Secolin R, Maurer-Morelli CV, Scarel-Caminaga RM, Santos-Pinto L. Family-Based Genetic Association for Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization. Caries Res 2016; 50:310-8. [PMID: 27179118 DOI: 10.1159/000445726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite some evidence of genetic and environmental factors on molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH), its aetiology remains unclear. This family-based genetic association study aimed more comprehensively to investigate the genetic carriage potentially involved in MIH development. DNA was obtained from buccal cells of 391 individuals who were birth family members of 101 Brazilian nuclear families. Sixty-three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigated in 21 candidate genes related to amelogenesis using the TaqMan™ OpenArray™ Genotyping platform. All SNPs were genotyped in 165 birth family members unaffected by MIH, 96 with unknown MIH status and 130 affected individuals (50.7% with severe MIH). Association analysis was performed by the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT), and statistical results were corrected using the false discovery rate. Significant results were obtained for SNPs rs7821494 (FAM83H gene, OR = 3.7; 95% CI = 1.75-7.78), rs34367704 (AMBN gene, OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.16-6.58), rs3789334 (BMP2 gene, OR = 2.9; 95% CI = 1.34-6.35), rs6099486 (BMP7 gene, OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.14-4.38), rs762642 (BMP4 gene, OR = 2.3; 95% CI = 1.38-3.65), rs7664896 (ENAM gene, OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.19-3.51), rs1711399 (MMP20 gene, OR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.20-0.72), rs1711423 (MMP20 gene, OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.18-3.61), rs2278163 (DLX3 gene, OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.26-6.41), rs6996321 (FGFR1 gene, OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.20-5.88), and rs5979395 (AMELX gene, OR = 11.7; 95% CI = 1.63-84.74). Through this family-based association study, we concluded that variations in genes related to amelogenesis were associated with the susceptibility to develop MIH. This result is in agreement with the multifactorial idea of the MIH aetiology, but further studies are necessary to investigate more thoroughly the factors that could influence MIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Jeremias
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
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46
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Uhlen M, Mulic A, Holme B, Tveit A, Stenhagen K. The Susceptibility to Dental Erosion Differs among Individuals. Caries Res 2016; 50:117-23. [DOI: 10.1159/000444400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of wine tasters and patients with self-induced vomiting have revealed that 30-50% of individuals at high risk do not develop erosive lesions. The aim was to investigate this apparent individual susceptibility to enamel erosion. Two enamel specimens were made from each of 3 premolars from 8 persons (donors). Six acrylic mouth appliances were worn by 6 volunteers (carriers). One specimen from each donor was mounted on each appliance. The carriers wore the appliances for 9 days. The appliances were immersed in 0.01 M HCl for 3 min twice per day to imitate a vomiting/reflux situation. The enamel specimens were analysed by a white-light interferometer to measure enamel loss (in micrometres). The enamel loss varied significantly both between the donor teeth (p = 0.009) and the carriers (p = 0.004). The lesion in the specimen with the largest amount of enamel loss was 4 times as deep as in the specimen with the lowest. In 1 carrier, all specimens displayed enamel loss above the mean, including the specimen from the donor with the most resistant enamel. The variation in susceptibility to erosion among individuals appears to be influenced both by the sustainability of the enamel and by factors in the oral environment. This could explain the variation in prevalence and severity of dental erosions among patients exposed to similar acidic challenges. The results suggest that for certain individuals, only minimal acidic challenges may be sufficient to cause damage to the teeth, while others may never develop dental erosions despite extensive exposure to acid.
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47
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Anjomshoaa I, Briseño-Ruiz J, Deeley K, Poletta FA, Mereb JC, Leite AL, Barreta PATM, Silva TL, Dizak P, Ruff T, Patir A, Koruyucu M, Abbasoğlu Z, Casado PL, Brown A, Zaky SH, Bayram M, Küchler EC, Cooper ME, Liu K, Marazita ML, Tanboğa İ, Granjeiro JM, Seymen F, Castilla EE, Orioli IM, Sfeir C, Owyang H, Buzalaf MAR, Vieira AR. Aquaporin 5 Interacts with Fluoride and Possibly Protects against Caries. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143068. [PMID: 26630491 PMCID: PMC4668048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQP) are water channel proteins and the genes coding for AQP2, AQP5, and AQP6 are clustered in 12q13. Since AQP5 is expressed in serous acinar cells of salivary glands, we investigated its involvement in caries. DNA samples from 1,383 individuals from six groups were studied. Genotypes of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms covering the aquaporin locus were tested for association with caries experience. Interaction with genes involved in enamel formation was tested. The association between enamel microhardness at baseline, after creation of artificial caries lesion, and after exposure to fluoride and the genetic markers in AQP5 was tested. Finally, AQP5 expression in human whole saliva, after exposure to fluoride in a mammary gland cell line, which is known to express AQP5, and in Wistar rats was also verified. Nominal associations were found between caries experience and markers in the AQP5 locus. Since these associations suggested that AQP5 may be inhibited by levels of fluoride in the drinking water that cause fluorosis, we showed that fluoride levels above optimal levels change AQP5 expression in humans, cell lines, and rats. We have shown that AQP5 is involved in the pathogenesis of caries and likely interacts with fluoride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Anjomshoaa
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Jessica Briseño-Ruiz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Fernardo A. Poletta
- ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) at CEMIC (Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan C. Mereb
- ECLAMC at Hospital de Area El Bolson, El Bolson, RN, Argentina
| | - Aline L. Leite
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thelma L. Silva
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Piper Dizak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Timothy Ruff
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Asli Patir
- Department of Pedodontics, Medipol Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zerrin Abbasoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Priscila L. Casado
- Dental School, Clinical Research Unit, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrew Brown
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Samer H. Zaky
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Merve Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, Medipol Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erika C. Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Margaret E. Cooper
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - İlknur Tanboğa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - José M. Granjeiro
- Dental School, Clinical Research Unit, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Metrology (INMETRO), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eduardo E. Castilla
- ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) at CEMIC (Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- ECLAMC at INAGEMP-CNPq (National Institute of Population Medical Genetics) at Department of Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Iêda M. Orioli
- ECLAMC at INAGEMP-CNPq (National Institute of Population Medical Genetics) at Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Charles Sfeir
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Hongjiao Owyang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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48
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Yildiz G, Ermis RB, Calapoglu NS, Celik EU, Türel GY. Gene-environment Interactions in the Etiology of Dental Caries. J Dent Res 2015; 95:74-9. [PMID: 26377569 DOI: 10.1177/0022034515605281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that can be conceptualized as an interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of AMELX, CA6, DEFB1, and TAS2R38 gene polymorphism and gene-environment interactions on caries etiology and susceptibility in adults. Genomic DNA was extracted from the buccal mucosa, and adults aged 20 to 60 y were placed into 1 of 2 groups: low caries risk (DMFT ≤ 5; n = 77) and high caries risk (DMFT ≥ 14; n = 77). The frequency of AMELX (+522), CA6 (T55M), DEFB1 (G-20A), and TAS2R38 (A49P) single-nucleotide polymorphisms was genotyped with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Environmental risk factors examined in the study included plaque amount, toothbrushing frequency, dietary intake between meals, saliva secretion rate, saliva buffer capacity, mutans streptococci counts, and lactobacilli counts. There was no difference between the caries risk groups in relation to AMELX (+522) polymorphism (χ(2) test, P > 0.05). The distribution of CA6 genotype and allele frequencies in the low caries risk group did not differ from the high caries risk group (χ(2) test, P > 0.05). Polymorphism of DEFB1 (G-20A) was positively associated, and TAS2R38 (A49P) negatively associated, with caries risk (χ(2) test, P = 0.000). There were significant differences between caries susceptibility and each environmental risk factor, except for the saliva secretion rate (Mann-Whitney U test, P = 0.000). Based on stepwise multiple linear regression analyses, dental plaque amount, lactobacilli count, age, and saliva buffer capacity, as well as DEFB1 (G-20A), TAS2R38 (A49P), and CA6 (T55M) gene polymorphism, explained a total of 87.8% of the variations in DMFT scores. It can be concluded that variation in CA6 (T55M), DEFB1 (G-20A), and TAS2R38 (A49P) may be associated with caries experience in Turkish adults with a high level of dental plaque, lactobacilli count, and age and when saliva buffer capacity is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Yildiz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - R B Ermis
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - N S Calapoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - E U Celik
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - G Y Türel
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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49
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Bayram M, Deeley K, Reis MF, Trombetta VM, Ruff TD, Sencak RC, Hummel M, Dizak PM, Washam K, Romanos HF, Lips A, Alves G, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Antunes LS, Küchler EC, Seymen F, Vieira AR. Genetic influences on dental enamel that impact caries differ between the primary and permanent dentitions. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 123:327-334. [PMID: 26283008 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, primary and permanent teeth are distinct anatomically and the presentation of caries lesions differs between the two dentitions. Hence, the possibility exists that genetic contributions to tooth formation of the two dentitions are different. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that genetic associations with an artificial caries model will not be the same between primary and permanent dentitions. Enamel samples from primary and permanent teeth were tested for microhardness at baseline, after carious lesion creation, and after fluoride application to verify association with genetic variants of selected genes. Associations were found between genetic variants of ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin, tuftelin interactive protein 11, and matrix metallopeptidase 20 and enamel from permanent teeth but not with enamel from primary teeth. In conclusion, our data continue to support that genetic variation may impact enamel development and consequently individual caries susceptibility. These effects may be distinct between primary and permanent dentitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria F Reis
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Trombetta
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy D Ruff
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Regina C Sencak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Piper M Dizak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly Washam
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helena F Romanos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Lips
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg Alves
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José M Granjeiro
- Directory of Programs, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo S Antunes
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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50
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Ohta M, Nishimura H, Asada Y. Association of DLX3 gene polymorphism and dental caries susceptibility in Japanese children. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:55-61. [PMID: 25247779 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DLX3 are associated with dental caries susceptibility in Japanese children. DESIGN Genomic DNA of 201 Japanese children was extracted from buccal epithelial cells. The subjects were divided into two groups: 'low level' group with <10,000 colony forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans/mL saliva (level 0) and 'high level' group with ≥ 10,000 CFU/mL (more than level 1). Each group was further divided according to decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) into low caries experience (dmft ≤2) and high caries experience (dmft ≥ 3). Seven SNPs in DLX3 were genotyped using TaqMan1® SNP Genotyping Assay. RESULTS Statistical significant association was observed between DLX3 (rs2278163) and caries experience in 'high level Mutans streptococci' group. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that rs2278163 SNP of DLX3 might be associated with dental caries susceptibility in Japanese children. T and C alleles of rs2278163 SNP may potentially be involved in caries susceptibility and caries protection respectively.
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