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Chemin K, Rezende M, Costa MC, Salgado A, de Geus JL, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Kossatz S. Evaluation of At-home Bleaching Times on Effectiveness and Sensitivity with 10% Hydrogen Peroxide: A Randomized Controlled Double-blind Clinical Trial. Oper Dent 2021; 46:385-394. [PMID: 34370025 DOI: 10.2341/20-104-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial was to evaluate different protocols for at-home use of 10% hydrogen peroxide in whitening effectiveness and tooth sensitivity. METHODS Seventy-two patients were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with the upper central incisors having color A2 or darker according to the Vita Classical scale (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) and randomized into two groups: 10% hydrogen peroxide applied once daily for 15 minutes (HP 15) or applied once daily for 30 minutes (HP 30). Bleaching was performed for 14 days in both groups. The color was evaluated before bleaching, during bleaching (1st and 2nd weeks), and 1 month after the bleaching treatment using the Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER, and Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer (VITA Zahnfabrik). Dental sensitivity was recorded by the patients using the numerical rating scale (0-4) and visual analogue scale (0-10 cm). Color data were evaluated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated measures (group vs. treatment time). The Mann-Whitney test was performed to contrast the means (α=0.05). Tooth sensitivity was assessed by Fisher's exact test (p=1.00) and intensity of tooth sensitivity was evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test (α=0.05) for both scales. RESULTS A significant whitening effect was observed after 2 weeks of bleaching for all color measurements (p=0.01), with no difference between HP 15 and HP 30 (p>0.05). Also, the absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity were similar (47%; p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness and tooth sensitivity of at-home bleaching carried out with 10% hydrogen peroxide applied for 15 minutes or 30 minutes are similar.
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Scuderi L, Anselmi G, Greco A, Abdolrahimzadeh B, Costa MC, Scuderi G. Early identification of keratoconus using pachymetric indexes obtained with spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Clin Ter 2021; 172:347-357. [PMID: 34247218 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2021.2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic ability of pachymetric indexes obtained with Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) for early detection of keratoconus (Kc). Methods 64 patients with Kc in at least one eye (95 eyes, 46 men and 18 women, average age 27.84 ±13.50), 59 healthy control subjects (100 eyes, 28 men and 31 women, average age 27.15 ±16.14). All patients underwent detailed clinical examination, topography and anterior segment OCT. 37 subjects (37 eyes, 27 men and 10 women, average age 24.23 ± 14.24) having one eye with manifest Kc and the fellow eye without clinical signs of Kc were identified. We studied two groups of pachymetric indexes: C1-C2, M1-M2, pCLMI, Pmin-P2 (Group 1 indexes) and PPD, PSD, PSSD and PASD (Group 2 indexes). A ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve was developed to compare the diagnostic accuracy, relative sensitivity and specificity for each index. Results In manifest keratoconus, C1-C2, M1-M2, and pCLMI are significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.0001); for suspect keratoconus, all Group 1 indexes are significantly higher compared to healthy subjects (P<0.0001) excluding M1-M2 obtained using a constant area circle (P = 0.02). Furthermore, for manifest and suspect keratoconus, PPD, PSD, PSSD and PASD are significantly higher compared to the control group (P <0.0001). Conclusion The studied pachymetric indexes in patients with Kc have high diagnostic accuracy and are statistically significant when compared with healthy subjects (p<0.0001) and can provide a useful tool for keratoconus screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Scuderi
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Sense Organs, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - G Anselmi
- Ophthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Greco
- Ophthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - G Scuderi
- Ophthalmology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Vo Van Regnault G, Costa MC, Adanić Pajić A, Bico AP, Bischofova S, Blaznik U, Menniti-Ippolito F, Pilegaard K, Rodrigues C, Margaritis I. The need for European harmonization of Nutrivigilance in a public health perspective: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8230-8246. [PMID: 34036844 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1926904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
According to the European Union regulation, some countries have established a pre-market notification system for food supplements while others have not. As this regulation is unfulfilled, a notified and marketed food supplement ingredient in one country may be forbidden in another. Even though food supplements shall not be placed on the market if unsafe, some products may still expose the consumers to risks. The risk is increased by easier access due to worldwide dissemination fostered by the internet and free movement of goods in the European Union. The Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed and the Emerging Risks Exchange Network are described. To date, the European Union legislation does not include a provision to establish a dedicated vigilance system for food supplements (Nutrivigilance). Six European Union countries have nevertheless set up national systems, which are presented. The present lack of European Union data collection harmonization, does not allow easy cooperation between countries. This article advocates for creating a coordinated European Nutrivigilance System to detect and scrutinize adverse effects of food supplements. This, to help in directing science-based risk assessments and reinforce the science-based decision of policy makers to improve public health safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vo Van Regnault
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - M C Costa
- Economy and Food Safety Standards Authority (ASAE), Lisboa, Portugal.,CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal.,NICiTeS, Polytechnic Institute of Lusophony, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Adanić Pajić
- Croatian National Institute of Public Health (CIPH), Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A P Bico
- Directorate of Nutrition and Food Services, Directorate-General for Food and Veterinary (DGAV), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Bischofova
- Center for Health, Nutrition and Food - National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - U Blaznik
- National Institute of Public Health Slovenia (NIJZ), Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - K Pilegaard
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - C Rodrigues
- CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Lisboa, Portugal.,Directorate of Nutrition and Food Services, Directorate-General for Food and Veterinary (DGAV), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - I Margaritis
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France
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Bezamat M, Souza JF, Silva FMF, Corrêa EG, Fatturi AL, Brancher JA, Carvalho FM, Cavallari T, Bertolazo L, Machado-Souza C, Koruyucu M, Bayram M, Racic A, Harrison BM, Sweat YY, Letra A, Studen-Pavlovich D, Seymen F, Amendt B, Werneck RI, Costa MC, Modesto A, Vieira AR. Gene-environment interaction in molar-incisor hypomineralization. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241898. [PMID: 33406080 PMCID: PMC7787379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is an enamel condition characterized by lesions ranging in color from white to brown which present rapid caries progression, and mainly affects permanent first molars and incisors. These enamel defects usually occur when there are disturbances during the mineralization or maturation stage of amelogenesis. Both genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to play roles in MIH’s development, but no conclusive risk factors have shown the source of the disease. During head and neck development, the interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene is involved in the structure formation of the oral and maxillofacial regions, and the transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) is an essential cell regulator, acting during proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. In this present study, it was hypothesized that these genes interact and contribute to predisposition of MIH. Environmental factors affecting children that were 3 years of age or older were also hypothesized to play a role in the disease etiology. Those factors included respiratory issues, malnutrition, food intolerance, infection of any sort and medication intake. A total of 1,065 salivary samples from four different cohorts were obtained, and DNA was extracted from each sample and genotyped for nine different single nucleotide polymorphisms. Association tests and logistic regression implemented in PLINK were used for analyses. A potential interaction between TGFA rs930655 with all markers tested in the cohort from Turkey was identified. These interactions were not identified in the remaining cohorts. Associations (p<0.05) between the use of medication after three years of age and MIH were also found, suggesting that conditions acquired at the age children start to socialize might contribute to the development of MIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bezamat
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Juliana F. Souza
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M. F. Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emilly G. Corrêa
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aluhe L. Fatturi
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - João A. Brancher
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, State of Pará, Brazil
| | - Flávia M. Carvalho
- Department of Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tayla Cavallari
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Laís Bertolazo
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cleber Machado-Souza
- Graduate Program of Applied Biotechnology to Child and Adolescent Health, Pequeno Príncipe College, Curitiba, State of Pará, Brazil
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, Medipol Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andrea Racic
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Benjamin M. Harrison
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yan Y. Sweat
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, and Center for Craniofacial Research, UTHealth School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Deborah Studen-Pavlovich
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Brad Amendt
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Renata I. Werneck
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C. Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Modesto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fernandez CCA, Pereira CVCA, Ferreira FFCF, Maciel JVB, Modesto A, Costa MC, Vieira AR. IRF6, MSX1, TGFA, dental anomalies, and skeletal malocclusion. Eur J Orthod 2020; 43:478-485. [PMID: 33200192 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Verify the presence of association between four variables-transforming growth factor α (TGFA; C/T rs1523305), interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6; A/C rs2013162), muscle segment homeobox 1 (MSX1; A/G rs12532), and dental anomalies-with skeletal malocclusion by comparing these four variables with Angle Classes I, II, and III, and normal, hyperdivergent, and hypodivergent growth patterns. METHODS A total of 505 orthodontic records of patients older than 8 years were evaluated. The sample consisted of 285 (56.4 per cent) females, 220 (43.6 per cent) males, 304 (60.2 per cent) Whites (the rest were mixed Blacks with Whites), with a mean age of 20.28 (±10.35) years (ranging from 8 to 25 years). Eight cephalometric points, which served as the anatomical framework for obtaining angles and cephalometric measurements, were used for skeletal characterization using the Dolphin Software. Samples of saliva were collected and the DNA was extracted, diluted and quantified. Markers in TGFA, IRF6, and MSX1 were used and genotypes were obtained using TaqMan chemistry. Odds ratio (OR) and 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) calculations, chi-square, Fisher's Exact, Mann-Whitney, and correlation coefficient tests (significance level: 95 per cent) were performed. Bonferroni correction was applied and an alpha of 0.0006 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS There was no statistically significant associations between markers in TGFA or IRF6 with skeletal malocclusions. Tooth agenesis was associated with facial convexity (P < 0.001). MSX1 was associated with Class II skeletal malocclusion (P = 0.0001, OR = 0.6, CI = 0.46-0.78). CONCLUSION Individuals with tooth agenesis were more likely to have a convex face. MSX1 was associated with Class II skeletal malocclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa C A Fernandez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christiane V C A Pereira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F C F Ferreira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José V B Maciel
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Modesto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marcelo C Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Kelly AM, Kallistova A, Küchler EC, Romanos HF, Lips A, Costa MC, Modesto A, Vieira AR. Measuring the Microscopic Structures of Human Dental Enamel Can Predict Caries Experience. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10010005. [PMID: 32024259 PMCID: PMC7151622 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The hierarchical structure of enamel gives insight on the properties of enamel and can influence its strength and ultimately caries experience. Currently, past caries experience is quantified using the decayed, missing, filled teeth/decayed, missing, filled surface (DMFT/DMFS for permanent teeth; dmft/dmfs for primary teeth), or international caries detection and assessment system (ICDAS) scores. By analyzing the structure of enamel, a new measurement can be utilized clinically to predict susceptibility to future caries experience based on a patient's individual's biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that number of prisms by square millimeter in enamel and average gap distance between prisms and interprismatic areas, influence caries experience through genetic variation of the genes involved in enamel formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of enamel from primary teeth were used to measure (i) number of prisms by square millimeter and interprismatic spaces, (ii) prism density, and (iii) gap distances between prisms in the enamel samples. The measurements were tested to explore a genetic association with variants of selected genes and correlations with caries experience based on the individual's DMFT+ dmft score and enamel microhardness at baseline, after an artificial lesion was created and after the artificial lesion was treated with fluoride. RESULTS Associations were found between variants of genes including ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin, tuftelin interactive protein 11, beta defensin 1, matrix metallopeptidase 20 and enamel structure variables measured (number of prisms by square millimeter in enamel and average gap distance between prisms and interprismatic areas). Significant correlations were found between caries experience and microhardness and enamel structure. Negative correlations were found between number of prisms by square millimeter and high caries experience (r value= -0.71), gap distance between prisms and the enamel microhardness after an artificial lesion was created (r value= -0.70), and gap distance between prisms and the enamel microhardness after an artificial lesion was created and then treated with fluoride (r value= -0.81). There was a positive correlation between number of prisms by square millimeter and prism density of the enamel (r value = 0.82). CONCLUSIONS Our data support that genetic variation may impact enamel formation, and therefore influence susceptibility to dental caries and future caries experience. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The evaluation of enamel structure that may impact caries experience allows for hypothesizing that the identification of individuals at higher risk for dental caries and implementation of personalized preventative treatments may one day become a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M. Kelly
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.M.K.); (E.C.K.)
| | - Anna Kallistova
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague 2, Czech;
- Institute of Geology of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, Prague 6, Czech
| | - Erika C. Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.M.K.); (E.C.K.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil; (H.F.R.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Helena F. Romanos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil; (H.F.R.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Andrea Lips
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niteról 24020, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo C. Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-901, Brazil; (H.F.R.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Adriana Modesto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.M.K.); (E.C.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Costa MC, Pereira de Sá N, Johann S, Santos DA. Social, environmental and microbiologic aspects of endemic mycoses in Brazil. New Microbes New Infect 2019; 29:100496. [PMID: 30949344 PMCID: PMC6430732 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors that lead to host immunosuppression are clearly known to predispose the host to fungal diseases, significantly influencing the occurrence of mycoses. However, little or nothing has been discussed regarding social or economic factors that can influence the occurrence of diseases caused by fungi. In this minireview, we discuss several factors that may affect the occurrence of mycoses in Brazil, a continentally extended country that is marked by large climatic variations and severe socioeconomic distortions that may limit access to health services for the population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Pereira de Sá
- Laboratório de Taxonomia e Biologia de Leveduras, Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - S Johann
- Laboratório de Taxonomia e Biologia de Leveduras, Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Queiróz AJR, Costa MC, Santana FCS, Marcos EVC, Martins GA, Takano GHS, Costa IMC. A generalized Blaschko linear congenital eruption. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:e237-e240. [PMID: 29341253 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A J R Queiróz
- Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - M C Costa
- University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - G H S Takano
- Pathology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - I M C Costa
- Dermatology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Küchler EC, Dea Bruzamolin C, Ayumi Omori M, Costa MC, Antunes LS, Pecharki GD, Trevilatto PC, Vieira AR, Brancher JA. Polymorphisms in Nonamelogenin Enamel Matrix Genes Are Associated with Dental Fluorosis. Caries Res 2017; 52:1-6. [DOI: 10.1159/000479826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms in AMELX, AMBN, ENAM, TFIP11, and TUFT1 genes are associated with dental fluorosis (DF). A total of 1,017 children from 2 Brazilian cohorts were evaluated. These populations lived in cities with fluoridation of public water supplies. DF was assessed in erupted permanent teeth using the modified Dean index. The polymorphisms rs946252, rs12640848, rs4694075, rs5997096, and rs4970957 were analyzed by real-time PCR from genomic DNA. Associations between DF, genotype, and allele distribution were evaluated using the χ2 test, with an alpha of 5%. The polymorphisms rs4694075, rs5997096, and rs4970957 in AMBN, TFIP11, and TUFT1 were associated with DF (p < 0.05). In conclusion, enamel matrix genes are associated with DF.
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Gomez DE, Arroyo LG, Costa MC, Viel L, Weese JS. Characterization of the Fecal Bacterial Microbiota of Healthy and Diarrheic Dairy Calves. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:928-939. [PMID: 28390070 PMCID: PMC5435056 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal diarrhea accounts for more than 50% of total deaths in dairy calves. Few population-based studies of cattle have investigated how the microbiota is impacted during diarrhea. OBJECTIVES To characterize the fecal microbiota and predict the functional potential of the microbial communities in healthy and diarrheic calves. METHODS Fifteen diarrheic calves between the ages of 1 and 30 days and 15 age-matched healthy control calves were enrolled from 2 dairy farms. The Illumina MiSeq sequencer was used for high-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene (Illumina, San Diego, CA). RESULTS Significant differences in community membership and structure were identified among healthy calves from different farms. Differences in community membership and structure also were identified between healthy and diarrheic calves within each farm. Based on linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe), the genera Bifidobacterium, Megamonas, and a genus of the family Bifidobacteriaceae were associated with health at farm 1, whereas Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, Dietzia and an unclassified genus of the family Veillonellaceae were significantly associated with health at farm 2. The Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis indicated that diarrheic calves had decreased abundances of genes responsible for metabolism of various vitamins, amino acids, and carbohydrate. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The fecal microbiota of healthy dairy calves appeared to be farm specific as were the changes observed during diarrhea. The differences in microbiota structure and membership between healthy and diarrheic calves suggest that dysbiosis can occur in diarrheic calves and it is associated with changes in predictive metagenomic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Gomez
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - L G Arroyo
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - M C Costa
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - L Viel
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J S Weese
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Arroyo LG, Costa MC, Guest BB, Plattner BL, Lillie BN, Weese JS. Duodenitis-Proximal Jejunitis in Horses After Experimental Administration of Clostridium difficile Toxins. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 31:158-163. [PMID: 27906466 PMCID: PMC5259639 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duodenitis-proximal jejunitis (DPJ) is an acute sporadic gastrointestinal disorder of horses of unknown cause. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES We hypothesize that Clostridium difficile toxins are involved in the pathogenesis of DPJ in horses. The objective of this study was to determine whether experimentally delivered C. difficile toxins cause clinical signs and histologic lesions similar to those of naturally occurring DPJ. ANIMALS Six healthy mature mixed breed horses. METHODS Experimental study: animal model of animal disease. Fasted horses were administered crude C. difficile toxins via gastroscopy and monitored for up to 48 hour. Blood was collected for complete blood cell count, biochemistry profile, and plasma fibrinogen assay, and abdominal fluid was collected for cytologic analysis and total solids before and after toxin administration. Physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography were performed throughout the study period. Tissues were collected from the gastrointestinal tract and processed for routine histologic analysis, and lesions were scored. RESULTS Clinical signs were observed in 2 of 6 horses that are typical although not specific for horses with naturally occurring DPJ. Histopathologic lesions were observed in 6 of 6 horses and were similar to those reported in horses with naturally occurring DPJ. Two horses were severely affected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Duodenitis-proximal jejunitis is likely a syndrome with multiple causes that result in the same clinical and pathologic findings, and our data suggest that the toxins of C. difficile represent one cause of this syndrome. Toxin dose and variation in individual animal susceptibility might affect the clinical signs and lesions after administration of C. difficile toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Arroyo
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - M C Costa
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - B B Guest
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - B L Plattner
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - B N Lillie
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - J S Weese
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Pereira CG, Custódio L, Rodrigues MJ, Neng NR, Nogueira JMF, Carlier J, Costa MC, Varela J, Barreira L. Profiling of antioxidant potential and phytoconstituents of Plantago coronopus. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 77:632-641. [PMID: 27849252 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.02416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The halophyte species Plantago coronopus has several described ethnomedicinal uses, but few reported biological activities. This work carried out for the first time a comparative analysis of P. coronopus organs in terms of phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of organic and water extracts from roots, leaves and flowers. The leaves contents in selected nutrients, namely amino acids and minerals, are also described. Roots (ethyl acetate and methanol extracts) had the highest radical scavenging activity (RSA) towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, while leaves (hexane extract) had higher RSA on nitric oxide radical and iron chelating ability. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified eighteen phenolics from which salicylic acid and epicatechin are here firstly described in Plantago species. Leaves had mineral levels similar to those of most vegetables, proving to be a good source for elements like calcium, sodium, iron and magnesium, and also for several of the essential amino acids justifying it use as food. Our results, especially those regarding the phenolics composition, can explain the main traditional uses given to this plantain and, altogether, emphasize the potential of P. coronopus as a source of bioactive molecules particularly useful for the prevention of oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve - UAlg, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - L Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve - UAlg, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - M J Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve - UAlg, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - N R Neng
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica - DQB, Faculdade de Ciências - FC, Universidade de Lisboa - UL, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 5º piso, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J M F Nogueira
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica - DQB, Faculdade de Ciências - FC, Universidade de Lisboa - UL, Campo Grande, Ed. C8, 5º piso, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Carlier
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve - UAlg, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - M C Costa
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve - UAlg, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - J Varela
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve - UAlg, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - L Barreira
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve - UAlg, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Costa MC, Stämpfli HR, Allen-Vercoe E, Weese JS. Development of the faecal microbiota in foals. Equine Vet J 2015; 48:681-688. [PMID: 26518456 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY The intestinal microbiota is a complex polymicrobial ecosystem that exerts extremely important roles in the development and maintenance of health. Recently, as new sequencing technologies have become more available, there has been a revolution in the understanding of the equine intestinal microbiota. However, studies characterising the pioneer intestinal bacteria colonising foals and its development over time are still limited. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to characterise the intestinal bacterial colonisation of newborn foals and to follow individual animals over time until age 9 months. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal study. METHODS Eleven pregnant mares from one farm were enrolled and faecal samples were collected longitudinally from mares and foals during their first day post partum and again periodically until foals were age 9 months. The V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. RESULTS Newborn foals had a rich and diverse bacterial community, which was mainly comprised of the Firmicutes phylum with several low abundant genera being unique at this age. Foals aged 2-30 days had significantly decreased diversity compared to older animals, with the majority of organisms classified as Akkermansia spp. After 60 days of life, the intestinal microbiota structure tended to remain stable, but differences in community membership were still present between 9-month-old animals and mature mares. Several differences at the phylum level were observed between different ages, including a higher abundance of Fibrobacteres after weaning. CONCLUSIONS The intestinal microbiota of the equine newborn is already complex by the first day of life. Microbiota adaptation occurs during the first month and the microbiota of foals older than 60 days resemble the mother's microbiota, although differences in community membership are still present.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Canada.
| | - H R Stämpfli
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - E Allen-Vercoe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, Canada
| | - J S Weese
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Canada
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Antunes LS, Küchler EC, Tannure PN, Dias JBL, Ribeiro VN, Lips A, Costa MC, Antunes LA, Granjeiro JM. Genetic variations in MMP9 and MMP13 contribute to tooth agenesis in a Brazilian population. J Oral Sci 2015; 55:281-6. [PMID: 24351915 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.55.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the association between polymorphisms in the MMP2 (rs243865), MMP9 (rs17576), and MMP13 (rs2252070) genes with tooth agenesis in humans. Two hundred eighty-five unrelated individuals (202 controls without tooth agenesis and 83 cases with tooth agenesis) were evaluated in a cross-sectional single-center study. The study participants were recruited through the Pediatric Dental Clinics of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms for MMPs was carried out by real-time PCR using the Taqman assay method from genomic DNA isolated from buccal epithelial cells of all the studied individuals. There was no significant association of MMP2 genotype or allele distribution with tooth agenesis or its absence. For MMP9, a significant difference in allele frequency was evident between the two groups (P = 0.05). With regard to the affected side, there was a significant difference between unilateral tooth agenesis and the control group in the distribution of MMP9 (P = 0.05). Also, there was a significant difference in MMP9 distribution between tooth agenesis in the maxilla and control individuals (P = 0.03). The genotype distribution of MMP13 differed significantly between the group with unilateral tooth agenesis and the controls (P = 0.01). Our findings provide evidence that MMP9 and MMP13 may be involved in tooth agenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo S Antunes
- Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University
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Bayram M, Deeley K, Reis MF, Trombetta VM, Ruff TD, Sencak RC, Hummel M, Dizak PM, Washam K, Romanos HF, Lips A, Alves G, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Antunes LS, Küchler EC, Seymen F, Vieira AR. Genetic influences on dental enamel that impact caries differ between the primary and permanent dentitions. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 123:327-334. [PMID: 26283008 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, primary and permanent teeth are distinct anatomically and the presentation of caries lesions differs between the two dentitions. Hence, the possibility exists that genetic contributions to tooth formation of the two dentitions are different. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that genetic associations with an artificial caries model will not be the same between primary and permanent dentitions. Enamel samples from primary and permanent teeth were tested for microhardness at baseline, after carious lesion creation, and after fluoride application to verify association with genetic variants of selected genes. Associations were found between genetic variants of ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin, tuftelin interactive protein 11, and matrix metallopeptidase 20 and enamel from permanent teeth but not with enamel from primary teeth. In conclusion, our data continue to support that genetic variation may impact enamel development and consequently individual caries susceptibility. These effects may be distinct between primary and permanent dentitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria F Reis
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Trombetta
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy D Ruff
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Regina C Sencak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Piper M Dizak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly Washam
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helena F Romanos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Lips
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg Alves
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José M Granjeiro
- Directory of Programs, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo S Antunes
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Romanos HF, Antunes LS, Lopes LB, Sabóia TDM, Tannure PN, Lips A, Antunes LAA, Abreu FVD, Deeley K, Alves G, Granjeiro JM, Vieira AR, Costa MC, Küchler EC. BMP2 Is Associated with Caries Experience in Primary Teeth. Caries Res 2015; 49:425-33. [DOI: 10.1159/000371715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role during the initial process of enamel development and therefore may play a role in caries susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the polymorphisms in the BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 genes and their association with caries experience and primary enamel microhardness characteristics. DNA from buccal cells as well as clinical and demographic information from 1,731 subjects from three different data sets from Brazil were included. Polymorphisms in BMP2, BMP4 and BMP7 were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNA. Association between caries experience, genotype, and allele distribution in both cohorts was evaluated using χ2 and logistic regression analyses. In the family-based set, the association between caries experience and alleles was tested using the transmission disequilibrium test. In the Rio de Janeiro cohort, microhardness data on 108 exfoliated primary teeth before and after demineralization and remineralization challenges was included. Associations between microhardness values and genotype and allele distribution were evaluated using χ2 and logistic regression analyses. Differences between caries experience and some risk factors were statistically significant. In the cohort from Nova Friburgo, BMP2 was associated with caries experience in primary dentition during logistic regression analysis (p = 0.023; OR = 2.58; 95% CI 1.13-5.86). There was no association between genotype and allele distribution for BMP polymorphisms and primary enamel microhardness alterations. Our result suggests that BMP2 may be involved in caries experience in primary dentition from a Nova Friburgo cohort.
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Costa MC, Camargo C, Laganaro NM, Oliveira PRR, Davanço PV, Azeredo RMA, Simpson JGP, Silveira LF, Francisco MR. A suite of microsatellite markers for genetic management of captive cracids (Aves, Galliformes). Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:9867-73. [PMID: 25501196 DOI: 10.4238/2014.november.27.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cracids are medium to large frugivorous birds that are endemic to the Neotropics. Because of deforestation and overhunting, many species are threatened. The conservation of several species has relied on captive breeding and reintroduction in the wild, but captive populations may be inbred. Microsatellite tools can permit the construction of genetic pedigrees to reduce inbreeding, but only a few loci are available for this group of birds. Here, we present 10 novel polymorphic microsatellite loci and the cross-amplification of these and of 10 additional loci available in the literature in a panel of 5 cracid species, including 3 species with high conservation concern. We provide the first polymorphic loci for the jacutinga, Aburria jacutinga (N = 8), and red-billed curassow, Crax blumenbachii (N = 9), and additional loci for bare-faced curassow, C. fasciolata (N = 8), Alagoas curassow, Pauxi mitu (N = 5), and razor-billed curassow, P. tuberosa (N = 5). The average number of alleles was 2.9 for A. jacutinga, 2.7 for C. blumenbachii, 3.5 for C. fasciolata, 2.6 for P. mitu, and 5.7 for P. tuberosa. The mean expected heterozygosities were 0.42, 0.40, 0.48, 0.37, and 0.59, respectively. The average probabilities that the set of loci would not exclude a pair of parents of an arbitrary offspring were 2.9% in A. jacutinga, 1% in C. blumenbachii, 0.5% in C. fasciolata, 0.4% in P. mitu, and 0.002% in P. tuberosa suggesting that these loci may be adequate for parentage analysis and to implement ex situ genetic management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - C Camargo
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - N M Laganaro
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - P R R Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - P V Davanço
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - R M A Azeredo
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
| | - J G P Simpson
- CRAX, Sociedade de Pesquisa do Manejo e da Reprodução da Fauna Silvestre, Contagem, MG, Brasil
| | - L F Silveira
- Seção de Aves, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M R Francisco
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus de Sorocaba, Sorocaba, SP, Brasil
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Küchler EC, Sabóia TM, Vieira TC, Lips A, Tannure PN, Deeley K, Reis MF, Ho B, Rey AC, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Vieira AR. Studies of genes involved in craniofacial development and tumorigenesis: FGF3 contributes to isolated oral clefts and may interact with PAX9. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:1070-8. [PMID: 24697712 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.903514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies suggest individuals born with oral clefts and their families have a higher susceptibility for cancer, which raises the hypothesis that these two conditions share common molecular pathways. This study evaluated the association between oral clefts and polymorphisms in genes that play a role in craniofacial and tumor development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four hundred and ninety-seven subjects born with oral clefts and 823 unaffected subjects were recruited. Twenty-nine markers in 13 genes were genotyped by the Taqman method. Chi-square was used to compare allele and genotype frequencies. Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was used and the established alpha was 0.0003. This study also used logistic regression to test if genetic variants were associated with oral clefts using positive family history of cancer and age as covariates. RESULTS There was no association between family history of cancer and oral clefts (p = 0.51). None of the 1320 study participants had a diagnosis of cancer at the time of participation in the study. The marker rs4980700 in FGF3 was associated with oral clefts (p = 0.0002). Logistic regression analysis also provided evidence for gene-gene interaction between FGF3 (rs4980700) and PAX9 (rs2073242), increasing the risk for isolated oral clefts (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSION FGF3 is associated with oral clefts and may interact with PAX9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika C Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA , USA
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Sabóia TM, Reis MF, Martins ÂMC, Romanos HF, Tannure PN, Granjeiro JM, Vieira AR, Antunes LS, Küchler EC, Costa MC. DLX1 and MMP3 contribute to oral clefts with and without positive family history of cancer. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 60:223-8. [PMID: 25463899 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that oral clefts and cancer share a common genetic background. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and molecular association between oral clefts and cancer. METHODS One hundred forty-eight nuclear families with oral clefts and 162 subjects with no birth defect were recruited. Data on self-reported family history of cancer among first, second, and third degree relatives of each patient were collected via a structured questionnaire. We also investigated the association between polymorphisms in the genes AXIN2, BMP2, BMP4, BMP7, DLX1, DLX2, and MMP3 and oral cleft with and without history of cancer. Markers in these genes were genotyped using real time PCR. Chi-square and t-test were used to assess the differences about self-reported family history of cancer between oral cleft and non-cleft individuals. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was used to analyze the distortion of the inheritance of alleles from parents to their affected offspring. RESULTS Families with oral clefts had an increased risk of having a family history of cancer (p=0.01; odds ratio=1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.87). TDT results showed an association between DLX1 and cleft lip and palate, in which the A allele was undertransmited (p=0.022). For MMP3, G was undertransmited among affected progeny (p=0.019) in cleft palate subgroup. CONCLUSION Oral clefts were associated with positive self-reported family history of cancer and with variants in DLX1 and MMP3. The association between oral clefts and cancer raises interesting possibilities to identify risk markers for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ticiana M Sabóia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Reis
- Unit of Clinical Research, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ângela M C Martins
- Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Helena F Romanos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia N Tannure
- Discipline of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Unit of Clinical Research, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Bioengineering Program, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology and Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Leonardo S Antunes
- Unit of Clinical Research, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology and Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marcelo C Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Halusic AM, Sepich VR, Shirley DC, Granjeiro JM, Costa MC, Küchler EC, Vieira AR. Calcium and magnesium levels in primary tooth enamel and genetic variation in enamel formation genes. Pediatr Dent 2014; 36:384-388. [PMID: 25303504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence exists that a genetic component in caries susceptibility is related to variation in enamel formation genes. The purpose of this study was to explore the trends of demineralization and remineralization of teeth from individuals whose genotypes for selected genes (ENAM, MMP20, TUFT, TFIP, and AMBN) are known. METHODS In this study, primary baseline teeth (20) were exposed to an artificial caries solution, followed by a remineralizing solution. Biopsies of each tooth category (baseline, carious, and fluoridated) were completed via an acid wash solution. Concentrations of magnesium and calcium were measured using an optical emission spectrometer instrument. Allele and genotype frequencies for calcium and magnesium levels were compared between each tooth category. To help interpret the results, we also calculated odds ratios. RESULTS Calcium levels exceeded magnesium levels in each sample. In addition, mineral concentration varied among samples. Associations could be seen between genetic variation in ENAM (P=.0003 baseline values for calcium, P<.001 baseline values for magnesium, P<.04 artificial caries values for magnesium) and AMBN (P<.02 artificial caries values for calcium) with mineral concentration. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that genetic variation of enamel formation genes may influence calcium and magnesium concentrations of teeth and impact the development of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina M Halusic
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA
| | - Victoria R Sepich
- Department of Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA
| | - Daniel C Shirley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA
| | - José M Granjeiro
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality, and Technology, Duque de Caxias, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Departments of Oral Biology and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA.
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Nogueira CA, Paiva AP, Oliveira PC, Costa MC, da Costa AMR. Oxidative leaching process with cupric ion in hydrochloric acid media for recovery of Pd and Rh from spent catalytic converters. J Hazard Mater 2014; 278:82-90. [PMID: 24953939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The recycling of platinum-group metals from wastes such as autocatalytic converters is getting growing attention due to the scarcity of these precious metals and the market pressure originated by increase of demand in current and emerging applications. Hydrometallurgical treatment of such wastes is an alternative way to the most usual pyrometallurgical processes based on smelter operations. This paper focuses on the development of a leaching process using cupric chloride as oxidising agent, in HCl media, for recovery of palladium and rhodium from a spent catalyst. The chloride media allows the adequate conditions for oxidising and solubilising the metals, as demonstrated by equilibrium calculations based on thermodynamic data. The experimental study of the leaching process revealed that Pd solubilisation is clearly easier than that of Rh. The factors temperature, time, and HCl and Cu(2+) concentrations were significant regarding Pd and Rh leaching, the latter requiring higher factor values to achieve the same results. Leaching yields of 95% Pd and 86% Rh were achieved under optimised conditions (T = 80 °C, t = 4h, [HCl] = 6M, [Cu(2+)] = 0.3M).
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Nogueira
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Campus do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - A P Paiva
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - P C Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Campus do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M C Costa
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Departamento de Química e Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências e de Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - A M Rosa da Costa
- Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve, Departamento de Química e Farmácia, Faculdade de Ciências e de Tecnologia, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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22
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Weber ML, Hsin HY, Kalay E, BroŽková DS, Shimizu T, Bayram M, Deeley K, Küchler EC, Forella J, Ruff TD, Trombetta VM, Sencak RC, Hummel M, Briseño-Ruiz J, Revu SK, Granjeiro JM, Antunes LS, Antunes LA, Abreu FV, Costa MC, Tannure PN, Koruyucu M, Patir A, Poletta FA, Mereb JC, Castilla EE, Orioli IM, Marazita ML, Ouyang H, Jayaraman T, Seymen F, Vieira AR. Role of estrogen related receptor beta (ESRRB) in DFN35B hearing impairment and dental decay. BMC Med Genet 2014; 15:81. [PMID: 25023176 PMCID: PMC4112727 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-15-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital forms of hearing impairment can be caused by mutations in the estrogen related receptor beta (ESRRB) gene. Our initial linkage studies suggested the ESRRB locus is linked to high caries experience in humans. METHODS We tested for association between the ESRRB locus and dental caries in 1,731 subjects, if ESRRB was expressed in whole saliva, if ESRRB was associated with the microhardness of the dental enamel, and if ESRRB was expressed during enamel development of mice. RESULTS Two families with recessive ESRRB mutations and DFNB35 hearing impairment showed more extensive dental destruction by caries. Expression levels of ESRRB in whole saliva samples showed differences depending on sex and dental caries experience. CONCLUSIONS The common etiology of dental caries and hearing impairment provides a venue to assist in the identification of individuals at risk to either condition and provides options for the development of new caries prevention strategies, if the associated ESRRB genetic variants are correlated with efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, 614 Salk Hall, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace Street, 15261 Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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23
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Telles MPC, Collevatti RG, Braga RS, Guedes LBS, Castro TG, Costa MC, Silva-Júnior NJ, Barthem RB, Diniz-Filho JAF. Geographical genetics of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Castelnau, 1855) (Siluriformes, Pimelodidae) in the Amazon Basin. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:3656-66. [PMID: 24854445 DOI: 10.4238/2014.may.9.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Geographical genetics allows the evaluation of evolutionary processes underlying genetic variation within and among local populations and forms the basis for establishing more effective strategies for biodiversity conservation at the population level. In this study, we used explicit spatial analyses to investigate molecular genetic variation (estimated using 7 microsatellite markers) of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer, by using samples obtained from 15 localities along the Madeira River and Solimões, Amazon Basin. A high genetic diversity was observed associated with a relatively low FST (0.057; P < 0.001), but pairwise FST values ranged from zero up to 0.21 when some pairs of populations were compared. These FST values have a relatively low correlation with geographic distances (r = 0.343; P = 0.074 by Mantel test), but a Mantel correlogram revealed that close populations (up to 80 km) tended to be more similar than expected by chance (r = 0.360; P = 0.015). The correlogram also showed a exponential-like decrease of genetic similarity with distance, with a patch-size of around 200 km, compatible with isolation-by-distance and analogous processes related to local constraints of dispersal and spatially structured levels of gene flow. The pattern revealed herein has important implications for establishing strategies to maintain genetic diversity in the species, especially considering the threats due to human impacts caused by building large dams in this river system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P C Telles
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - R G Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - R S Braga
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - L B S Guedes
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - T G Castro
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - M C Costa
- Systema Naturae Consultoria Ambiental LTDA, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - R B Barthem
- Departamento de Zoologia, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA, Brasil
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24
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Küchler EC, Feng P, Deeley K, Fitzgerald CA, Meyer C, Gorbunov A, Bezamat M, Reis MF, Noel J, Kouzbari MZ, Granjeiro JM, Antunes LS, Antunes LA, de Abreu FV, Costa MC, Tannure PN, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Patir A, Vieira AR. Fine mapping of locus Xq25.1-27-2 for a low caries experience phenotype. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:479-86. [PMID: 24632093 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to fine map the locus Xq25.1-27-2 in order to identify genetic contributors involved in low caries experience. DESIGN Seventy-two families from the Philippines were studied. Caries experience was recorded and genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood was obtained from all subjects. One hundred and twenty-eight polymorphisms in the locus Xq25.1-27-2, a region that contains 24 genes, were genotyped. Association between caries experience and alleles was tested using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). This initial analysis was followed by experiments with DNA samples from 1481 subjects from Pittsburgh, 918 children from Brazil, and 275 children from Turkey in order to follow up the results found in the Filipino families. Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used. Sequencing of the coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of MST4 and FGF13 were also performed on 91 women from Pittsburgh. RESULTS Statistically significant association with low caries experience was found for 11 markers in Xq25.1-27-2 in the Filipino families. One marker was in MST4, another marker was in FGF13, and the remaining markers were in intergenic regions. Haplotype analysis also confirmed these results, but the follow up studies with DNA samples from Pittsburgh, Brazil, and Turkey showed associations for a subset of the 11 markers. No coding mutations were identified by sequencing. CONCLUSIONS Our study failed to conclusively demonstrate that genetic factors in Xq25.1-27-2 contribute to caries experience in multiple populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika C Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Ping Feng
- Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Carly A Fitzgerald
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Chelsea Meyer
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Anastasia Gorbunov
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Mariana Bezamat
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Maria Fernanda Reis
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Jacqueline Noel
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - M Zahir Kouzbari
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - José M Granjeiro
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Directory of Programs, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo S Antunes
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Livia A Antunes
- Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Volpe de Abreu
- Pediatric Clinics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo C Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Patricia N Tannure
- Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Discipline of Cariology, School of Dentistry, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Asli Patir
- Department of Pedodontics, Medipol Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, and Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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25
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Lucchini A, De Felippis C, Elli S, Gariboldi R, Vimercati S, Tundo P, Bondi H, Costa MC. Mobile ECMO team for inter-hospital transportation of patients with ARDS: a retrospective case series. Heart Lung Vessel 2014; 6:262-73. [PMID: 25436208 PMCID: PMC4246845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transport of patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is currently available in 5 referral centers in our country. METHODS Retrospective case series of patients managed by our mobile extracorporeal membrane oxygenation team and transferred to San Gerardo University Hospital from December 2004 to December 2012. RESULTS 42 patients were transported. The mean age was 42.11 (standard deviation ±18.11) years, with a range between 2 years and 70. 14 patients were females (33%) and 28 males (67%). The average transport distance was 121.69 km (±183.08) with a range between 9 km and 1044 Km. The mission's mean time was equal to 508 minutes (±185) with range of 120-960 minutes. 29 patients (69%) were transported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, while 13 patients (31%) were transported with conventional ventilation. In 28 patients (97%) a veno-venous bypass was utilized, while in one case (3%) a Veno-Arterial cannulation was performed. 32 patients survived (76%) and have been discharged alive from hospital. No major clinical or technical issues were observed during the transport. CONCLUSIONS According to our data, we conclude that a dedicated mobile team allowed safe ground transportation of patients with severe acute lung injury to our tertiary care institution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lucchini
- Intensive Care and Emergency Department, General Intensive Care Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - C De Felippis
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Glenfield Hospital, University Hospital of Leicester-NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Elli
- Intensive Care and Emergency Department, General Intensive Care Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - R Gariboldi
- Intensive Care and Emergency Department, General Intensive Care Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - S Vimercati
- Intensive Care and Emergency Department, General Intensive Care Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - P Tundo
- Intensive Care and Emergency Department, General Intensive Care Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - H Bondi
- Intensive Care and Emergency Department, General Intensive Care Unit, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - M C Costa
- Perfusion Service, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
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26
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Küchler EC, Deeley K, Ho B, Linkowski S, Meyer C, Noel J, Kouzbari MZ, Bezamat M, Granjeiro JM, Antunes LS, Antunes LA, de Abreu FV, Costa MC, Tannure PN, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Patir A, Mereb JC, Poletta FA, Castilla EE, Orioli IM, Marazita ML, Vieira AR. Genetic mapping of high caries experience on human chromosome 13. BMC Med Genet 2013; 14:116. [PMID: 24192446 PMCID: PMC3907033 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-14-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Our previous genome-wide linkage scan mapped five loci for caries experience. The purpose of this study was to fine map one of these loci, the locus 13q31.1, in order to identify genetic contributors to caries. Methods Seventy-two pedigrees from the Philippines were studied. Caries experience was recorded and DNA was extracted from blood samples obtained from all subjects. Sixty-one single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 13q31.1 were genotyped. Association between caries experience and alleles was tested. We also studied 1,481 DNA samples obtained from saliva of subjects from the USA, 918 children from Brazil, and 275 children from Turkey, in order to follow up the results found in the Filipino families. We used the AliBaba2.1 software to determine if the nucleotide changes of the associated SNPs changed the prediction of the presence of transcription-binding site sequences and we also analyzed the gene expression of the genes selected based on binding predictions. Mutation analysis was also performed in 33 Filipino individuals of a segment of 13q31.1 that is highly conserved in mammals. Results Statistically significant association with high caries experience was found for 11 markers in 13q31.1 in the Filipino families. Haplotype analysis also confirmed these results. In the populations used for follow-up purposes, associations were found between high caries experience and a subset of these markers. Regarding the prediction of the transcription-binding site, the base change of the SNP rs17074565 was found to change the predicted-binding of genes that could be involved in the pathogenesis of caries. When the sequence has the allele C of rs17074565, the potential transcription factors binding the sequence are GR and GATA1. When the subject carries the G allele of rs17074565, the potential transcription factor predicted to bind to the sequence is GATA3. The expression of GR in whole saliva was higher in individuals with low caries experience when compared to individuals with high caries experience (p = 0.046). No mutations were found in the highly conserved sequence. Conclusions Genetic factors contributing to caries experience may exist in 13q31.1. The rs17074565 is located in an intergenic region and is predicted to disrupt the binding sites of two different transcription factors that might be involved with caries experience. GR expression in saliva may be a biomarker for caries risk and should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 614 Salk Hall, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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27
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Shimizu T, Deeley K, Briseño-Ruiz J, Faraco IM, Poletta FA, Brancher JA, Pecharki GD, Küchler EC, Tannure PN, Lips A, Vieira TCS, Patir A, Yildirim M, Mereb JC, Resick JM, Brandon CA, Cooper ME, Seymen F, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Trevilatto PC, Orioli IM, Castilla EE, Marazita ML, Vieira AR. Fine-mapping of 5q12.1-13.3 unveils new genetic contributors to caries. Caries Res 2013; 47:273-83. [PMID: 23363935 DOI: 10.1159/000346278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Caries is a multifactorial disease and little is still known about the host genetic factors influencing susceptibility. Our previous genome-wide linkage scan has identified the interval 5q12.1-5q13.3 as linked to low caries susceptibility in Filipino families. Here we fine-mapped this region in order to identify genetic contributors to caries susceptibility. Four hundred and seventy-seven subjects from 72 pedigrees with similar cultural and behavioral habits and limited access to dental care living in the Philippines were studied. DMFT scores and genotype data of 75 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were evaluated in the Filipino families with the Family-Based Association Test. For replication purposes, a total 1,467 independent subjects from five different populations were analyzed in a case-control format. In the Filipino cohort, statistically significant and borderline associations were found between low caries experience and four genes spanning 13 million base pairs (PART1, ZSWIM6, CCNB1, and BTF3). We were able to replicate these results in some of the populations studied. We detected PART1 and BTF3 expression in whole saliva, and the expression of BTF3 was associated with caries experience. Our results suggest BTF3 may have a functional role in protecting against caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shimizu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
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28
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Shimizu T, Ho B, Deeley K, Briseño-Ruiz J, Faraco IM, Schupack BI, Brancher JA, Pecharki GD, Küchler EC, Tannure PN, Lips A, Vieira TCS, Patir A, Yildirim M, Poletta FA, Mereb JC, Resick JM, Brandon CA, Orioli IM, Castilla EE, Marazita ML, Seymen F, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Trevilatto PC, Vieira AR. Enamel formation genes influence enamel microhardness before and after cariogenic challenge. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45022. [PMID: 23028741 PMCID: PMC3454391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence for a genetic component in caries susceptibility, and studies in humans have suggested that variation in enamel formation genes may contribute to caries. For the present study, we used DNA samples collected from 1,831 individuals from various population data sets. Single nucleotide polymorphism markers were genotyped in selected genes (ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin, and tuftelin interacting protein 11) that influence enamel formation. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between groups with distinct caries experience. Associations with caries experience can be detected but they are not necessarily replicated in all population groups and the most expressive results was for a marker in AMELX (p=0.0007). To help interpret these results, we evaluated if enamel microhardness changes under simulated cariogenic challenges are associated with genetic variations in these same genes. After creating an artificial caries lesion, associations could be seen between genetic variation in TUFT1 (p=0.006) and TUIP11 (p=0.0006) with enamel microhardness. Our results suggest that the influence of genetic variation of enamel formation genes may influence the dynamic interactions between the enamel surface and the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Shimizu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bao Ho
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jessica Briseño-Ruiz
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Italo M. Faraco
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Brett I. Schupack
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - João A. Brancher
- Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Giovana D. Pecharki
- Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Erika C. Küchler
- Clinical Research Unit, Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia N. Tannure
- Discipline of Pediatric Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andrea Lips
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thays C. S. Vieira
- Clinical Research Unit, Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Asli Patir
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Yildirim
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fernando A. Poletta
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan C. Mereb
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Hospital de Area El Bolsón, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Judith M. Resick
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Carla A. Brandon
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Iêda M. Orioli
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP-CNPq), Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo E. Castilla
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC), National Institute of Population Medical Genetics (INAGEMP-CNPq), Department of Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marcelo C. Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José M. Granjeiro
- Clinical Research Unit, Biology Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula C. Trevilatto
- Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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29
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Tannure PN, Küchler EC, Falagan-Lotsch P, Amorim LMF, Raggio Luiz R, Costa MC, Vieira AR, Granjeiro JM. MMP13 polymorphism decreases risk for dental caries. Caries Res 2012; 46:401-7. [PMID: 22710194 DOI: 10.1159/000339379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that genetic studies may contribute to a better understanding of individual susceptibility to caries. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors have been suggested to be involved in the caries process. The purpose of this study was to determine if polymorphisms in MMP2 (rs243865), MMP9 (rs17576), MMP13 (rs2252070), and TIMP2 (rs7501477) were associated with caries. Eligible unrelated children and adolescents were evaluated using a cross-sectional design. Data on oral health habits was obtained through a questionnaire and caries data was collected by clinical examination. Genotyping of the selected polymorphisms was carried out by real-time PCR. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between individuals with and without caries experience. Of 505 subjects, 212 were caries-free and most subjects (61.2%) had mixed dentition. Allele frequency of MMP2, MMP13 and TIMP2 was different between caries-affected and caries-free individuals, with significant association for MMP13 (p = 0.004). Mutant allele carriers for MMP13 demonstrated a significantly decreased risk for caries (OR = 0.538, 95% CI 0.313-0.926); this result remained significant after adjustment for candidate genes, type of dentition and dietary factors. Allelic and genotype frequencies of the polymorphism in MMP9 were similar in caries-affected and caries-free individuals. Genetic variations in MMP13 may contribute to individual differences in caries susceptibility. Our findings reinforce that susceptibility to caries results from gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Tannure
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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30
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile is an important gastrointestinal pathogen of humans and animals. It has been isolated from various foods, including meat and ready-to-eat salads, and concern has been expressed regarding food as a possible source of human C. difficile infection (CDI). AIMS We sought to isolate C. difficile from a variety of vegetables obtained from local grocery stores and to characterize these isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Vegetables were purchased from 11 different grocery stores in Guelph, Ontario, Canada between May and August 2009. Enrichment culture was performed and isolates were characterized by ribotyping, PFGE, toxinotyping and PCR detection of toxin genes. RESULTS Clostridium difficile was isolated from 4.5% (5/111) of retail vegetables. Two different ribotypes and two different toxinotypes were identified. Three isolates were ribotype 078/NAP 7/toxinotype V, possessing all three toxin genes. The other two isolates shared a ribotype with a toxigenic strain previously found in humans with CDI in this region. DISCUSSION Contamination of vegetables was found at relatively low levels, however, all isolates were toxigenic and belonging to ribotypes previously associated with CDI. CONCLUSIONS Contamination of vegetables with CDI-associated isolates can occur and although the implications for food safety practices remain elusive, the presence of toxigenic isolates suggests vegetables could be a source of C. difficile in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Metcalf
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Küchler EC, Menezes R, Callahan N, Costa MC, Modesto A, Meira R, Patir A, Seymen F, Paiva KBS, Nunes FD, Granjeiro JM, Vieira AR. MMP1 and MMP20 contribute to tooth agenesis in humans. Arch Oral Biol 2010; 56:506-11. [PMID: 21144496 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Variations in genes that are critical for tooth formation may contribute to the tooth agenesis. MMPs are potential candidate genes for dental alterations based on the roles they play during embryogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between MMP1, MMP3, and MMP20 and tooth agenesis. METHODS One hundred sixty-seven nuclear families from two different populations were analysed, 116 from Brazil and 51 from Turkey. Probands had at least one congenitally missing tooth. DNA samples were obtained from blood or saliva samples and genotyping was performed using TaqMan chemistry. In addition, Mmp20 was selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis with SYBR Green I Dye in mouse tooth development. RESULTS Associations between tooth agenesis and MMP1 (p=0.007), and MMP20 (p=0.03) were found in Brazilian families. In the total dataset, MMP20 continued to be associated with tooth agenesis (p=0.01). Mmp20 was not expressed during the initial stages of tooth development. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that MMP1 and MMP20 play a role in human tooth agenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika C Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biology Institute and Cell Therapy Center, Unit of Clinical Research, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Sequeiros J, Ramos EM, Cerqueira J, Costa MC, Sousa A, Pinto-Basto J, Alonso I. Large normal and reduced penetrance alleles in Huntington disease: instability in families and frequency at the laboratory, at the clinic and in the population. Clin Genet 2010; 78:381-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01388.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Costa MC, Mota S, Nascimento RF, Dos Santos AB. Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) as a catalyst to enhance the reductive decolourisation of the azo dyes Reactive Red 2 and Congo Red under anaerobic conditions. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:105-110. [PMID: 19717298 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2009] [Revised: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the catalytic effect of anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS) to enhance the reductive decolourisation of the azo dyes Reactive Red 2 and Congo Red in batch and continuous-flow experiments. While testing the anaerobic sludge 1 in assays free of AQDS, the highest values for the first-order kinetic constant (k1) were found with co-substrates formate and glucose. In the assays that contained 50 microM of AQDS, the k1 values increased with all co-substrates tested, increasing by 3.5-fold when ethanol was the electron donor. The upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors R1 (AQDS-free) and R2 (AQDS-supplemented) reached excellent decolourisation efficiencies (higher than 90%) even for the high Congo Red concentration tested (1.2 mM). However, electron donor depletion in the influent drastically decreased the colour removal capacity in both bioreactors. Reactor R2 presented higher stability and decolourisation efficiency compared to R1, indicating that the addition of a redox mediator can be valuable for treating dye-coloured wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
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Costa MC, Gaspar J, Mansinho K, Esteves F, Antunes F, Matos O. Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase polymorphisms in patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 37:766-71. [PMID: 16191898 DOI: 10.1080/00365540510038505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, in order to improve the detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) mutations in pulmonary specimens of HIV-infected patients with P. jirovecii pneumonia, we evaluated a microfiltration procedure for the removal of human cell contamination and a nested-PCR method, for amplification in specimens with low parasite load. In the studied population, PCR amplification of the DHPS gene was more successful in unfiltered than in filtered specimens, with both touchdown-PCR and nested-PCR procedures (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively), but the amount of host DNA in the samples analysed seems to be inversely related with the successful PCR parasite detection. Amplification of P. jirovecii DHPS gene with nested-PCR was achieved in 77.5% of the specimens studied, demonstrating that this is a useful method for the identification of mutations in pulmonary specimens, including samples with low parasite loads, and will facilitate the evaluation of the relationship between the P. jirovecii DHPS polymorphisms and clinical resistance to sulfa drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Unidade de Protozoários Oportunistas/VIH e outras Protozooses, Unidade de Parasitologia e Microbiologia Médicas (UPMM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Lisboa, Portugal
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Santos LBL, Costa MC, Pinho STR, Andrade RFS, Barreto FR, Teixeira MG, Barreto ML. Periodic forcing in a three-level cellular automata model for a vector-transmitted disease. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 80:016102. [PMID: 19658769 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.016102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 03/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A periodically forced two-dimensional cellular automata model is used to reproduce and analyze the complex spatiotemporal patterns observed in the transmission of vector infectious diseases. The system, which comprises three population levels, is introduced to describe complex features of the dynamics of the vector-transmitted dengue epidemics, known to be very sensitive to seasonal variables. The three coupled levels represent the human, the adult, and immature vector populations. The dynamics includes external seasonality forcing, human and mosquito mobility, and vector control effects. The model parameters, even if bounded to well-defined intervals obtained from reported data, can be selected to reproduce specific epidemic outbursts. In the current study, explicit results are obtained by comparison with actual data retrieved from the time series of dengue epidemics in two cities in Brazil. The results show fluctuations that are not captured by mean-field models. It also reveals the qualitative behavior of the spatiotemporal patterns of the epidemics. In the extreme situation of the absence of external periodic drive, the model predicts a completely distinct long-time evolution. The model is robust in the sense that it is able to reproduce the time series of dengue epidemics of different cities, provided that the forcing term takes into account the local rainfall modulation. Finally, an analysis is provided of the effect of the dependence between epidemics threshold and vector control actions, both in the presence and absence of human mobility factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B L Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-340 Salvador, Brazil
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Costa MC, Santos ES, Barros RJ, Pires C, Martins M. Wine wastes as carbon source for biological treatment of acid mine drainage. Chemosphere 2009; 75:831-836. [PMID: 19201010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Revised: 12/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Possible use of wine wastes containing ethanol as carbon and energy source for sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) growth and activity in the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) is studied for the first time. The experiments were performed using anaerobic down-flow packed bed reactors in semi-continuous systems. The performance of two bioreactors fed with wine wastes or ethanol as carbon sources is compared in terms of sulphate reduction, metals removal and neutralization. The results show that efficient neutralization and high sulphate removal (>90%) were attained with the use of wine wastes as substrate allowing the production of effluents with concentrations below the required local legislation for irrigation waters. This is only possible provided that the AMD and wine wastes are contacted with calcite tailing, a waste material that neutralizes and provides buffer capacity to the medium. The removal of metals using wine wastes as carbon source was 61-91% for Fe and 97% for both Zn and Cu. The lower removal of iron, when wine waste is used instead of ethanol, may be due to the presence of iron-chelating compounds in the waste, which prevent the formation of iron sulphide, and partial unavailability of sulphide because of re-oxidation to elemental sulphur. However, that did not affect significantly the quality of the effluent for irrigation. This work demonstrates that wine wastes are a potential alternative to traditional SRB substrates. This finding has direct implication to sustainable operation of SRB bioreactors for AMD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Minicucci EM, Ribeiro DA, de Camargo B, Costa MC, Ribeiro LR, Favero Salvadori DM. DNA damage in lymphocytes and buccal mucosa cells of children with malignant tumours undergoing chemotherapy. Clin Exp Med 2008; 8:79-85. [PMID: 18618217 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-008-0161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate DNA damage (micronucleus) in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes and exfoliated buccal mucosa cells from children with malignant tumours and under chemotherapy. Micronucleated cells (MNCs) were assessed from children before and during chemotherapy. A total of 21 healthy children (controls), matched for gender and age, were used as control. The results pointed out higher frequencies of micronucleated lymphocytes in children with malignant tumour before any therapy when compared to healthy probands. Furthermore an increase of micronucleated lymphocytes during chemotherapy was detected when compared to the data obtained before chemotherapy. No statistically significant increases of MNCs were noticed in buccal mucosa cells at any of the timepoints evaluated. Taken together, these data indicate that the presence of malignant tumours may increase the frequency of DNA damage in circulating lymphocytes, these cells being more sensitive for detecting chromosome aberrations caused by anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Minicucci
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, 18618-000, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Luna-Herrera J, Costa MC, González HG, Rodrigues AI, Castilho PC. Synergistic antimycobacterial activities of sesquiterpene lactones from Laurus spp. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 59:548-52. [PMID: 17218447 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkl523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the antimycobacterial potential of laurel oil, its fractions and its two sesquiterpene lactones against several mycobacterial strains and clinical isolates, and to establish the possibility of occurrence of some synergistic effects between those lactones using a modification of the fluorometric Alamar Blue microassay (FMABA). METHODS The in vitro antimycobacterial activity of whole oil and its fractions and pure active compounds were determined by FMABA. A bioassay-guided fractionation of the traditional preparation of laurel oil from Madeira Islands was performed, yielding pure compounds chemically identified by standard procedures. Synergism of pure compounds was established by X/Y quotient analysis adapted to FMABA. RESULTS Sesquiterpene lactones, costunolide and dehydrocostuslactone, were the compounds responsible for the antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv with MICs of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/L, respectively. Antimycobacterial activity against drug-resistant M. tuberculosis clinical isolates was better for the mixture than for pure compounds. CONCLUSIONS Both lactones presented synergistic activity, i.e. analysis of relative fluorescence units presented an X/Y value <0.5 at a concentration of 1/8 MIC of each compound in the combination. Establishment of synergism by FMABA represents another application of the microplate Alamar Blue assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luna-Herrera
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN, Prolongacion de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, 11430, México City, Mexico
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Maciel P, Cruz VT, Constante M, Iniesta I, Costa MC, Gallati S, Sousa N, Sequeiros J, Coutinho P, Santos MM. Neuroferritinopathy: missense mutation in FTL causing early-onset bilateral pallidal involvement. Neurology 2006; 65:603-5. [PMID: 16116125 PMCID: PMC2886026 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000178224.81169.c2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors identified a missense mutation in the FTL gene (474G>A; A96T) in a 19-year-old man with parkinsonism, ataxia, corticospinal signs, mild nonprogressive cognitive deficit, and episodic psychosis. This mutation was also present in his asymptomatic mother and younger brother, who had abnormally low levels of ferritin in the serum. The patient and his mother displayed bilateral involvement of the pallidum.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Maciel
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Lima M, Costa MC, Montiel R, Ferro A, Santos C, Silva C, Bettencourt C, Sousa A, Sequeiros J, Coutinho P, Maciel P. Population Genetics of Wild-Type CAG Repeats in the Machado-Joseph Disease Gene in Portugal. Hum Hered 2006; 60:156-63. [PMID: 16340213 DOI: 10.1159/000090035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2005] [Accepted: 09/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To gain insights on the molecular mechanisms of mutation that led to the emergence of expanded alleles in the MJD gene, by studying the behavior of wild-type alleles and testing the association of its distribution with the representation of the disease. METHODS The number of CAG motifs in the MJD gene was determined in a representative sample of 1000 unrelated individuals. Associations between the repeat size and the epidemiological representation of MJD were tested. RESULTS The allelic profile of the total sample was in the normal range (13-41 repeats), with mode (CAG)23. No intermediate alleles were present. Allelic size distribution showed a negative skew. The correlation between the epidemiological representation of MJD in each district and the frequency of small, medium and large normal alleles was not significant. Further correlations performed grouping the districts also failed to produce significant results. CONCLUSIONS The absence of association between the size of the repeats and the representation of MJD demonstrates that prevalence is not an indirect reflection of the frequency of large normal alleles. Globally the results obtained are in accordance with a model that postulates the occurrence of a few mutations on the basis of most of the MJD cases worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lima
- Center of Research in Natural Resources (CIRN), University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
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Ramos SS, Santos L, Almeida P, Motherwell WB, Costa MC. 13C NMR spectral assignment of five epimeric 3alpha- versus 3beta-functionalized cholestane pairs. Magn Reson Chem 2005; 43:861-3. [PMID: 16025554 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
(13)C NMR chemical shift assignments of five alpha- and beta- epimeric pairs of cholestanes functionalized at C-3 are presented. Empirical increment estimations proved to be a valuable tool for the unequivocal structural elucidation when compared with the chemical shift values of cholestanes derivatized by introduction of N- and S-containing groups at C-3 in equatorial and axial positions. Moreover, the possibility is demonstrated to anticipate the effect of -OC(S)R substituents at neighboring carbon atoms of the ring A backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Ramos
- INETI, Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal
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Costa MC, Helweg-Larsen J, Lundgren B, Antunes F, Matos O. Mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase gene of Pneumocystis jiroveci isolates from Portuguese patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2003; 22:516-20. [PMID: 14602371 DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(03)00122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of mutations of the P. jiroveci dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) gene in an immunocompromised Portuguese population and to investigate the possible association between DHPS mutations and sulpha exposure. In the studied population, DHPS gene mutations were not significantly more frequent in patients exposed to sulpha drugs compared with patients not exposed (P=0.390). The results of this study suggest that DHPS gene mutations are frequent in the Portuguese immunocompromised population but do not seem associated with previous sulpha exposure. These results are consistent with the possibility of an incidental acquisition and transmission of P. jiroveci mutant types, either by person to person transmission or from an environmental source.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Unidade de Protozoários Oportunistas/VIH e outras Protozooses, Unidade de Parasitologia e Microbiologia Médicas (UPMM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Rua da Junqueira 96, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Martins-Fadiga HCM, Trabarch M, Beer I, Costa MC, Chiamolera M. Use of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II in nontraumatic neurological intensive care patients: calibration and discrimination analysis. Crit Care 2003; 7. [PMCID: PMC3301095 DOI: 10.1186/cc2293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Trabarch
- Hospital de Beneficência Portuguesa, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - I Beer
- Hospital de Beneficência Portuguesa, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - MC Costa
- Hospital de Beneficência Portuguesa, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M Chiamolera
- Hospital de Beneficência Portuguesa, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Costa MC, Helweg-Larsen J, Antunes F, Lungren B, Diogo J, Matos O. PCR-RFLP analysis of the DHPS gene for the study of resistance of Pneumocystis carinii to sulpha drugs in patients with co-infection PCP/HIV. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2002; Suppl:148S-149S. [PMID: 11906035 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Unidade de Protozoários Oportunistas/VIH e Outras Protozooses, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Calliari A, Sotelo-Silveira J, Costa MC, Nogueira J, Cameron LC, Kun A, Benech J, Sotelo JR. Myosin Va is locally synthesized following nerve injury. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 2002; 51:169-76. [PMID: 11977091 DOI: 10.1002/cm.10017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The presence of Myosin Va (an actin-based molecular motor) in the peripheral nervous system was examined and its subcellular distribution within the axons of the sciatic nerve was demonstrated via immunocytochemistry. Myosin Va (M-Va) in the nerve was detected by using SDS-PAGE and Western blot techniques with a polyclonal antibody specifically raised against the M-Va globular tail domain. In addition, purification of M-Va from the rat sciatic nerve prior to immunoblotting yielded a M-Va standard band. Likewise, optical immunocytochemical procedures revealed the presence of M-Va, particularly in the cortical axoplasmic territory, but also in the Schwann cell soma. The above experiments were carried out both on intact as well as on severed sciatic nerves with similar results. The proximal stumps of severed sciatic nerves (from 0 to 72 h after injury) were labelled in vivo with (35)S-methionine. SDS-PAGE autoradiography of the immunoabsorbed M-Va from the radiolabelled homogenized nerve tissue showed a significant increment of the radioactive intensity of M-Va heavy chain band through time. Moreover, a significant increment of transcripts coding for M-Va heavy chain was detected through time using RT-PCR after nerve injury and compared to intact nerves. This data suggest that M-Va is up-regulated in a time-dependent manner. The latter suggests a possible involvement of M-Va in nerve regeneration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calliari
- Departament of Molecular and Cell Biology, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Neves M, Gano L, Pereira N, Costa MC, Costa MR, Chandia M, Rosado M, Fausto R. Synthesis, characterization and biodistribution of bisphosphonates Sm-153 complexes: correlation with molecular modeling interaction studies. Nucl Med Biol 2002; 29:329-38. [PMID: 11929703 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are characterized by a P-C-P backbone structure and two phosphonic acid groups bonded to the same carbon, and are established as osteoclast-mediated bone resorption inhibitors. The nature of the groups attached to the central carbon atom are responsible in determining the potency of bisphosphonates as anti-resorption drugs. However, it is not yet clear the exact relationship between their molecular structure and pharmacologic activities. In this study, molecular geometries of pamidronate, alendronate and neridronate, differing only in the length of the aliphatic chains, were predicted by molecular mechanics and their interactions with hydroxyapatite, the main bone mineral component, were examined. We report the synthesis and radiochemical characterization of 153Sm complexes with pamidronate, alendronate and neridronate. Hydroxyapatite binding and biodistribution studies of these complexes have shown a good correlation with the theoretical molecular modeling interaction studies. So, it is possible to conclude that computational chemistry techniques are a good approach to evaluate specific interactions and may play a relevant role in determining the relative ability of BPs to mineral bone, and open new perspectives to the design of new BPs with increased pharmacological activity. These techniques could be extended to BPs as ligands to carrier radioactive metals, aiming for new bone therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Neves
- Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, Sacavém, Portugal.
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Feijó RB, Costa MC. [Teaching and healthcare in adolescence: reality and perspectives]. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77 Suppl 2:S123-4. [PMID: 14676874 DOI: 10.2223/jped.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R B Feijó
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Maciel P, Costa MC, Ferro A, Rousseau M, Santos CS, Gaspar C, Barros J, Rouleau GA, Coutinho P, Sequeiros J. Improvement in the molecular diagnosis of Machado-Joseph disease. Arch Neurol 2001; 58:1821-7. [PMID: 11708990 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.58.11.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct detection of the gene mutation allows for the confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), the most frequent cause of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia worldwide. OBJECTIVE To address the main difficulties in our national MJD predictive testing program. The first was the emergence of intermediate alleles, for which it is not yet possible to determine whether they will cause disease. The second was the issue of homoallelism, ie, homozygosity for 2 normal alleles with exactly the same (CAG)(n) length, which occurs in about 10% of all test results. METHODS A large pedigree with 1 affected patient carrying a 71 and a 51 CAG repeat and 2 asymptomatic relatives carrying the 51 CAG repeat and normal-size alleles underwent clinical and molecular studies. Intragenic haplotypes for these alleles were determined. A representative sample of the healthy population in the region was obtained to assess the distribution of the normal (CAG)(n) length. We established the genotype for 4 intragenic polymorphisms in the gene for MJD (MJD1) in 21 homoallelic individuals, to distinguish their 2 normal chromosomes. In addition, we developed a new Southern blot method to completely exclude cases of nonamplification of expanded alleles in the homoallelic individuals. RESULTS The study of the family in which the 51 CAG repeat was found suggests that the allele is apparently not associated with disease. These intermediate alleles were not present in a large sample of the healthy population from the same region. Intragenic polymorphisms allowed distinction of the 2 different normal alleles in all cases of homoallelism. The absence of an expanded allele was also confirmed by Southern blot. CONCLUSIONS We propose an improved protocol for molecular testing for MJD. These strategies, developed to overcome the practical difficulties mostly in the presymptomatic and prenatal diagnosis of MJD, should prove useful for other polyglutamine-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Maciel
- UnIGENe, IBMC, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To present a literature review of some aspects concerning the development of sexuality in the period between childhood and adolescence, and to work on some proposals for prevention and intervention. METHODS: Review of literature on relevant issues related to the process of psychosocial and sexual development during childhood and adolescence, and to the importance of prevention education. RESULTS: Differently from genitality, which is only concerned with biological aspects, sexuality encompasses emotional aspects, life history and cultural values. These factors contribute to the formation of general identity and to the components of sexual identity: gender identity, gender role, and sexual orientation. Psychosocial and sexual development, emotional balance, and social relations are based on sexual experience during childhood and adolescence. During adolescence, the relationship with family and social group go through marked changes: conflicts arise, and experimentation and risk behavior are enhanced. The family, school, and health systems represent important links of identification, support, and protection for children and adolescents before they reach maturity. CONCLUSIONS: Sexuality education, either individually or in group, allows adolescents to experience sexuality and their emotional relations in a satisfactory, creative, and risk-free manner, combined with mutual respect and absence of gender discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Costa
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Bahia, BA, Brazil
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Morais VO, Moura MV, Costa MC, Patel BN. [Sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS, and use/abuse of psychoactive substances in adolescence]. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2001; 77 Suppl 2:S190-204. [PMID: 14676882 DOI: 10.2223/jped.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To discuss theoretical and practical aspects of sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS, and psychoactive substances in adolescence, focusing on a holistic and multiprofessional approach. METHODS: Review of national and international literature on concepts, classifications, social and cultural, clinical, therapeutic and preventive aspects of sexually transmitted diseases/AIDS, as well as the use of psychoactive substances, with the aim of pointing out problem-solving alternatives. RESULTS: Adolescents do not show resilient behavior and are vulnerable to environmental hazards. For this reason, preventive actions and intervention for the control of sexually transmitted diseases/AIDS and use or abuse of psychoactive substances among adolescents are a priority. According to the World Health Organization, one out of 20 adolescents acquires sexually transmitted disease in the world every year and, more than 7,000 are infected by HIV every day, totaling 2.6 millions a year. This scenario results from unprotected sex and from the interaction between sexually transmitted diseases and psychoactive substances, especially alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: It is crucial that health care providers consider magnitude, transcendence, vulnerability and feasibility as well as the set of interactions among substance, individual, and his/her social and cultural environment when the multifocal and holistic approach is used. This requires the formation of a support and protection network, involving the family, physicians, community, and adolescents. The major element in this network, though, are the adolescent themselves, who can overcome their conflicts, aiming at a healthy and longer life.
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Affiliation(s)
- V O Morais
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santanta (UEFS), Bahia, BA, Brazil
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