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Chang PY, Huang Y, Hung TY, Chong KY, Chang YS, Chao CCK, Chow KPN. Spontaneous metastases in immunocompetent mice harboring a primary tumor driven by oncogene latent membrane protein 1 from Epstein-Barr virus. Biomed J 2016; 39:261-271. [PMID: 27793268 PMCID: PMC6139811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In vitro and clinical studies suggest that the oncogene LMP1 (latent membrane protein 1) encoded by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) plays a role in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the formation of metastases in immunocompetent individuals. However, whether LMP1 itself is sufficient to drive these events in immunocompetent hosts remains elusive due to the lack of appropriate experimental models. The aim of this study was to study LMP1-dependent tumorigenesis and metastasis in BALB/c mice inoculated with BALB/c-3T3 cells expressing N-LMP1 (a Taiwanese NPC variant). Methods Following cancer cell inoculation, metastasis formation was monitored over time using PCR analysis of LMP1 as tumor marker. We also used a luciferase (Luc)-containing N-LMP1 and bioluminescent imaging (BLI) to monitor metastasis formation in a non-invasive manner. Results N-LMP1 appeared early in draining lymph nodes and in various distant organs before the rapid growth of the primary tumor. Lung metastasis was observed by BLI and further confirmed by histological examination. Furthermore, we detected luciferase signals in the lungs, even before the animals were sacrificed. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the high metastatic character of N-LMP1 in immunocompetent hosts. Systemic tumor dissemination occurs even before aggressive tumor growth at the primary site, suggesting that early treatment of primary LMP1-associated tumors and distant micro-metastases is critical to achieve positive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Yuan Chang
- Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yenlin Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yuan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medical Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuck C-K Chao
- Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Ping N Chow
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xu L, Xu W. Alpha-fetoprotein-L3 and Golgi protein 73 may serve as candidate biomarkers for diagnosing alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 9:123-9. [PMID: 26770061 PMCID: PMC4706122 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s90732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no reliable biomarker for use in diagnosing alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Such a biomarker would aid in making an early diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC, ensuring the timely initiation of treatment. This study examined AFP-L3 and Golgi protein 73 (GP73) as candidate biomarkers for AFP-negative HCC. The affinity adsorption method and enzyme-linked immunoassays were separately used to determine serum levels of AFP-L3 and GP73 in 50 patients with AFP-negative HCC, 30 non-HCC patients, and 50 healthy subjects. Fifty percent of patients with AFP-negative HCC tested positive for AFP-L3, while 3.33% of non-HCC patients and 2.00% of healthy subjects were AFP-L3 positive. Patients with AFP-negative HCC had significantly higher serum levels of AFP-L3 compared to non-HCC patients and healthy individuals; however, there was no significant difference in the AFP-L3 levels of non-HCC patients and healthy subjects. Sixty-six percent of patients with AFP-negative HCC tested positive for GP73, while 10% of non-HCC patients and 0% of healthy subjects were GP73-positive. Patients with AFP-negative HCC had significantly higher serum levels of GP73 compared to non-HCC patients and healthy subjects, but there was no significant difference between the GP73 levels of non-HCC patients and healthy individuals. Moreover, 20 patients with AFP-negative HCC were both AFP-L3- and GP73-positive, while no non-HCC patients or healthy subjects tested positive for both markers. Either AFP-L3 or GP73 may be used as a biomarker for diagnosing AFP-negative HCC, while their combined use provides improved diagnostic accuracy and greater sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangqiu Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Zhangqiu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zaozhuang City Wangkai Infection Hospital, Zaozhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangqiu Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Zhangqiu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanju Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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3
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Significance of serum angiogenin assay as a novel marker for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in liver cirrhosis. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.elx.0000459080.18855.50s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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4
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Ibrahim GH, Mahmoud MA, Aly NM. Evaluation of circulating Transforming growth factor-beta1, Glypican-3 and Golgi protein-73 mRNAs expression as predictive markers for hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:7069-75. [PMID: 24186850 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence is fast-growing especially in countries highly prevalent with viral hepatitis. Its poor prognosis has driven the research toward the discovery of sensitive markers for early detection. We investigated the usefulness of serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), Glypican-3 (GPC3), and Golgi protein-73 (GP73) mRNAs as early biomarkers in HCC Egyptian patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in comparison with serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Using semi-quantitative RT-PCR and densitometry analysis, circulating TGF-β1, GPC3, and GP73 mRNAs expressions were estimated in 15 healthy adults, 15 chronic HCV (CHC) patients and 25 HCC patients. Serum GP73 expression percentage in HCC group was significantly higher than controls (100 vs. 40 %, P ≤ 0.001) and when compared to elevated serum AFP levels (100 vs. 36 %, P ≤ 0.001). TGF-β1 and GP73 expression means were also higher in HCC patients than controls and CHC patients (P < 0.05). GPC3 expression showed higher frequency in CHC patients compared to HCC group (80 vs. 28 %, P = 0.0016). According to the study cutoffs, serum TGF-β1 and GP73 mRNAs showed 60 and 96 % sensitivities for HCC diagnosis with 100 and 95 % specificities, respectively. Furthermore, elevated GP73 mRNA expression levels in early HCC were significantly increased compared to those of TGF-β1 mRNA and to high serum AFP (92.3 vs. 53.8 and 23.1 %; P = 0.03 and 0.0004, respectively). In conclusion, circulating TGF-β1 and GP73 mRNAs could be useful biomarkers for HCV-induced HCC diagnosis. Moreover, serum GP73 mRNA is sensitive for early cancer detection than AFP and TGF-β1 mRNA. However, these results need further validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan H Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Round Road, Ismailia, 41111, Egypt,
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5
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Zhu WW, Guo JJ, Guo L, Jia HL, Zhu M, Zhang JB, Loffredo CA, Forgues M, Huang H, Xing XJ, Ren N, Dong QZ, Zhou HJ, Ren ZG, Zhao NQ, Wang XW, Tang ZY, Qin LX, Ye QH. Evaluation of midkine as a diagnostic serum biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3944-54. [PMID: 23719264 PMCID: PMC6314491 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the value of serum midkine (MDK) as a diagnostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly for those with negative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and at an early stage. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN MDK expression in tumors was assessed by immunohistochemistry from 105 patients with hepatocellular carcinomas or liver cirrhosis. Serum MDK levels were detected by ELISA in 933 participants including hepatocellular carcinomas and hospital controls from different medical centers. Sensitivities and specificities of serum MDK in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma according to AFP level and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage were analyzed. RESULTS MDK levels were significantly elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues as well as serum samples. The sensitivity of serum MDK for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis was much higher than that of AFP (86.9% vs. 51.9%) with similar specificities (83.9% vs. 86.3%). Notably, serum MDK had an outstanding performance in distinguishing AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinomas from different controls: In those AFP-negative hepatocellular carcinomas, the sensitivity could reach as high as 89.2%. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis also showed that serum MDK had a better performance compared with AFP in distinguishing early-stage hepatocellular carcinomas as well as small hepatocellular carcinomas. Even in very early-stage hepatocellular carcinomas, MDK showed an obviously higher sensitivity compared with AFP (80% vs. 40%). Furthermore, serum MDK level was significantly decreased in patients with hepatocellular carcinomas after curative resection and re-elevated when tumor relapse occurred. CONCLUSIONS Serum MDK is significantly elevated in most hepatocellular carcinomas, including those with negative AFP and at an early stage, which may serve as a novel diagnostic marker in early diagnosis and postoperative monitoring of hepatocellular carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wei Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Jia-Jian Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Lei Guo
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Hu-Liang Jia
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Ming Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University
| | - Ju-Bo Zhang
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | | | - Marshonna Forgues
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Jian Xing
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Ning Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Qiong-Zhu Dong
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Hai-Jun Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Zheng-Gang Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Nai-Qing Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zhao-You Tang
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Lun-Xiu Qin
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
| | - Qing-Hai Ye
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
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Serological Screening Test as a Tool for Early Prevention of Cancerous Disorders. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2012. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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7
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Shiota G, Miura N. Biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin J Gastroenterol 2012; 5:177-82. [PMID: 26182317 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-012-0301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks high among the most common and fatal cancers in the world. HCC develops from chronic liver diseases, especially from hepatitis C virus-related and hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver diseases. In this sense, useful biomarkers for HCC detection for the patients at risk of HCC are quite important. Recently, new therapies for HCC have been developed, and the prognosis of the patients has improved. However, considering the recurrence rate of HCC after treatment is very high, biomarkers that detect recurrence at an early stage are also required. In addition, since new drugs such as multikinase inhibitors have been introduced to the clinical scene, surrogate biomarkers to predict the effectiveness of treatment will be required in the near future. So far, many biomarkers for HCC have been developed, and their clinical usefulness has been assessed. As a result, several biomarkers for HCC are widely used. However, investigations to discover more useful biomarkers that fit in clinical settings are under way. In this review article, biomarkers for HCC are overviewed to examine their clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goshi Shiota
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
| | - Norimasa Miura
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Department of Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
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8
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Minamimoto R, Senda M, Terauchi T, Jinnouchi S, Inoue T, Iinuma T, Inoue T, Ito K, Iwata H, Uno K, Oku S, Oguchi K, Tsukamoto E, Nakashima R, Nishizawa S, Fukuda H, Murano T, Yoshida T. Analysis of various malignant neoplasms detected by FDG-PET cancer screening program: based on a Japanese Nationwide Survey. Ann Nucl Med 2010; 25:45-54. [PMID: 20953985 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-010-0428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The most distinctive feature of FDG-PET cancer screening program is the ability to find various kinds of malignant neoplasms in a single test. The aim of this survey is to clarify the range and frequency of various malignant neoplasms detected by FDG-PET cancer screening performed in Japan. METHODS "FDG-PET cancer screening" was defined as FDG-PET or positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) scan with or without other tests performed for cancer screening of healthy subjects. This survey was based on a questionnaire regarding FDG-PET cancer screening. We analyzed the situation of 9 less frequently found malignant neoplasms including malignant lymphoma, malignancy of head and neck, esophagus, hepatobiliary and gallbladder, pancreas, kidney, cervical and uterine, ovary, and bladder. RESULTS The detailed information of subjects with the suspected 9 kinds of malignant neoplasms mentioned above in the FDG-PET cancer screening program was studied in a total of 1,219 cases from 212 facilities. A statistical significance between PET/CT and PET was found in relative sensitivity and PPV for renal cell cancer. Malignant lymphoma was frequently of indolent type, suspected head and neck cancers had many false-positive results, and pancreatic cancer detected in this program was often in the advanced stage even in asymptomatic subjects. The recommendation of combined screening modality to PET or PET/CT was as follows: gastric endoscopy for assessing early esophageal cancer; abdominal ultrasound for screening hepatobiliary and gallbladder cancer; pelvic magnetic resonance imaging for assessing gynecological and pelvic cancers; and the CA125 blood test for screening ovarian cancer. Delayed image was helpful depending on the type of suspected malignant neoplasm. CONCLUSION We analyzed various types of malignant neoplasms detected by the FDG-PET cancer screening program and presented recommended combination of examinations to cover FDG-PET and PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryogo Minamimoto
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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9
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Li SQ, Chen Q. Advances in understanding the relationship between GP73 and hepatic diseases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:2117-2120. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i20.2117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Golgi protein-73 (GP73), a recently discovered Golgi glycoprotein localized on the membrane of the Golgi complex, is expressed in many types of human epithelial cells. In normal human liver, GP73 is highly expressed in biliary epithelial cells, but barely detectable in hepatocytes. However, GP73 expression has been found to be strongly up-regulated in hepatocytes and elevated in the serum in patients with liver diseases, especially those with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, GP73 is a candidate serum marker for the early detection of HCC.
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10
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Lee NP, Poon RTP, Shek FH, Ng IOL, Luk JM. Role of cadherin-17 in oncogenesis and potential therapeutic implications in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2010; 1806:138-45. [PMID: 20580775 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cadherin is an important cell adhesion molecule that plays paramount roles in organ development and the maintenance of tissue integrity. Dysregulation of cadherin expression is often associated with disease pathology including tissue dysplasia, tumor formation, and metastasis. Cadherin-17 (CDH17), belonging to a subclass of 7D-cadherin superfamily, is present in fetal liver and gastrointestinal tract during embryogenesis, but the gene becomes silenced in healthy adult liver and stomach tissues. It functions as a peptide transporter and a cell adhesion molecule to maintain tissue integrity in epithelia. However, recent findings from our group and others have reported aberrant expression of CDH17 in major gastrointestinal malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), stomach and colorectal cancers, and its clinical association with tumor metastasis and advanced tumor stages. Furthermore, alternative splice isoforms and genetic polymorphisms of CDH17 gene have been identified in HCC and linked to an increased risk of HCC. CDH17 is an attractive target for HCC therapy. Targeting CDH17 in HCC can inhibit tumor growth and inactivate Wnt signaling pathway in concomitance with activation of tumor suppressor genes. Further investigation on CDH17-mediated oncogenic signaling and cognate molecular mechanisms would shed light on new targeting therapy on HCC and potentially other gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki P Lee
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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11
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Proteomic analysis of HBV-associated HCC: insights on mechanisms of disease onset and biomarker discovery. J Proteomics 2010; 73:1283-90. [PMID: 20188222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2010.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be considered as an end-stage outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Early prognostic markers are needed to allow effective treatments and prevent HCC from developing. Proteomics analysis has been used to identify markers from clinical samples from HCC patients. This approach can be further improved by identifying early biomarkers before the onset of HCC. One way would be to use the cell-based HBV replication system, which is reflective of the early stage of virus infection and thus secreted proteins identified at this stage may have relevance in HCC prognosis. In this review, we focus the discussion on the current status of proteomics analysis of cellular proteins and HCC biomarker identification, with a special highlight on the potential of the cell-based HBV replication system for the identification of prognostic HCC biomarkers.
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12
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Serum protein biomarkers screening in HCC patients with liver cirrhosis by ICAT-LC-MS/MS. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2010; 136:1151-9. [PMID: 20130913 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-010-0762-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of HCC remains poor mainly because of the lack of diagnosis biomarkers especially in patients with cirrhosis background. METHODS To identify serum biomarkers for HCC, we use cleavable stable isotope labeling (cICAT) combined with LC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) to compare the serum proteome between liver cirrhosis and HCC patients. Sera from nine liver cirrhosis patients and nine HCC patients were selected for screening study. Then the alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) was chosen for validation by western blot. AGP was measured in the separate validation study including 52 HCC patients and 40 liver cirrhosis patients by rate nephelometry. Its value for HCC diagnosis from liver cirrhosis was also appreciated through receiver operating curve (ROC). RESULTS We quantified and identified 31 different proteins which include AGP, complement C4, haptoglobin, alpha-1-antitrypsin precursor, alpha-2-macroglobulin precursor, prothrombin precursor and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 44 (USP44), etc. The serum concentration of AGP in HCC patients (n = 52) was significantly higher than in liver cirrhosis (n = 40) (P < 0.005) in validation study. AGP was useful for discrimination of the HCC cases from LC patients when the AFP levels were below 500 ng/ml. The area under curve (AUC) of the AGP and the combination of AGP and AFP were 0.834 (P < 0.0005, 95% CI: 0.734-0.934) and 0.880 (P < 0.0005, 95% CI, 0.789-0.970) separately, which are higher than AFP alone (0.538, P = 0.604, 95% CI: 0.386-0.689). CONCLUSION cICAT combined with LC-MS/MS-based serum proteome analysis can be useful in the screening of serum biomarkers for HCC. Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein combining AFP could aid the diagnosis of HCC.
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[Practice guidelines for management of hepatocellular carcinoma 2009]. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2010; 15:391-423. [PMID: 19783891 DOI: 10.3350/kjhep.2009.15.3.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cancer in Korea, typically has a poor prognosis, and constitutes the majority of primary hepatic malignancies. It is the number one cause of death among people in their 50s in Korea. The five-year survival rate of liver cancer is poor; at 18.9%. Efforts to increase the survival rate through early diagnosis of HCC and optimal treatments are keenly needed. Western guideline for the management of HCC were developed, but these guidelines are somewhat unsuitable for Korean patients. Thus, the Korean Liver Cancer Study Group (KLCSG) and the National Cancer Center (NCC), Korea jointly produced the Clinical Practice Guidelines for HCC for the first time in Korea in 2003. Owing to medical advances over the following six years, diagnosis and treatment of HCC has changed considerably. As more national and foreign data are accumulated, KLCSG and NCC, Korea recently revised the Clinical Practice Guidelines for HCC. Forty or more specialists in the field of hepatology, general surgery, radiology and radiation oncology participated, and meticulously reviewed national and foreign papers, and collected opinions through advisory committee conferences. These multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines summarized diagnosis, surgical resection, liver transplantation, local treatments, transarterial chemoembolization, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, preemptive antiviral treatments, and response evaluation of HCC. These Korean guidelines are expected to be useful for clinical management of and research on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Korean Liver Cancer Study Group and National Cancer Center, Korea.
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14
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Andreana L, Isgrò G, Pleguezuelo M, Germani G, Burroughs AK. Surveillance and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. World J Hepatol 2009; 1:48-61. [PMID: 21160965 PMCID: PMC2998953 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v1.i1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early identification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is more frequent because of surveillance programs for HCC worldwide. The optimal strategy of surveillance in cirrhosis is a current topical issue. In terms of diagnosis, recent advances in non-invasive imaging technology, including various techniques of harmonic ultrasound, new ultrasound contrast agents, multi-slice helical computed tomography and rapid high quality magnetic resonance, have all improved the accuracy of diagnosis. Consequently the role of liver biopsy in diagnosis of HCC has declined. The imaging diagnosis relies on the hallmark of arterial hypervascularity with portal venous washout. However, with recent advances in genomics and proteomics a great number of potential serum and tissue markers have been identified and are being developed as new candidate markers for both diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, and may increase the need for liver biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Andreana
- Lorenzo Andreana, Graziella Isgrò, Maria Pleguezuelo, Giacomo Germani, Andrew K Burroughs, The Royal Free Sheila Sherlock Liver Center, Departement of Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
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15
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Pleguezuelo M, Germani G, Marelli L, Xiruochakis E, Misseri M, Manousou P, Arvaniti V, Burroughs AK. Evidence-based diagnosis and locoregional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 2:761-84. [PMID: 19090737 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2.6.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early identification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is crucial to improving the results of therapy and for patients to be eligible for liver transplantation. Recent advances in noninvasive imaging technology include various techniques of harmonic ultrasound, new ultrasound contrast agents, multislice helical computed tomography and rapid high-quality magnetic resonance. The imaging diagnosis relies on the hallmark of arterial hypervascularity with portal venous washout. Since the use of better radiological techniques has improved the accuracy of noninvasive diagnosis, the role of liver biopsy in the diagnosis of HCC has declined. With recent advances in genomics and proteomics, a great number of potential markers have been identified and developed as new candidate markers for HCC. Locoregional therapies currently constitute the best options for early nonsurgical treatment of HCC. Percutaneous ethanol injection shows similar results to resection surgery for single tumors less than 3 cm in diameter. Radiofrequency ablation is superior to percutaneous ethanol injection in terms of local recurrence. Transarterial chemoembolization is currently the most common approach for the management of HCC without curative options since it improves patient survival, but the optimal embolizing agent, length of interval between sessions and whether the chemotherapeutic agent has any effect have not yet been determined. Combining transarterial chemoembolization with antiangiogenic agents, as well as with other techniques, such as radiofrequency ablation, may improve the results. Injection of radioisotopes such as yttrium-90, via the hepatic artery, may be particularly useful in patients with portal vein thrombosis. Comparisons with other transarterial techniques are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pleguezuelo
- The Royal Free Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
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