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Mutschall H, Winkler S, Weisbach V, Arkudas A, Horch RE, Steiner D. Bone tissue engineering using adipose-derived stem cells and endothelial cells: Effects of the cell ratio. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7034-7043. [PMID: 32394620 PMCID: PMC7299704 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The microvascular endothelial network is essential for bone formation and regeneration. In this context, endothelial cells not only support vascularization but also influence bone physiology via cell contact-dependent mechanisms. In order to improve vascularization and osteogenesis in tissue engineering applications, several strategies have been developed. One promising approach is the coapplication of endothelial and adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs). In this study, we aimed at investigating the best ratio of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and osteogenic differentiated ADSCs with regard to proliferation, apoptosis, osteogenesis and angiogenesis. For this purpose, cocultures of ADSCs and HUVECs with ratios of 25%:75%, 50%:50% and 75%:25% were performed. We were able to prove that cocultivation supports proliferation whereas apoptosis was unidirectional decreased in cocultured HUVECs mediated by a p-BAD-dependent mechanism. Moreover, coculturing ADSCs and HUVECs stimulated matrix mineralization and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Increased gene expression of the proangiogenic markers eNOS, Flt, Ang2 and MMP3 as well as sprouting phenomena in matrigel assays proved the angiogenic potential of the coculture. In summary, coculturing ADSCs and HUVECs stimulates proliferation, cell survival, osteogenesis and angiogenesis particularly in the 50%:50% coculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilkea Mutschall
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sophie Winkler
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Volker Weisbach
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Arkudas
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raymund E Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Steiner
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Papadopulos NA, Wigand S, Kuntz N, Piringer M, Machens HG, Klüter H, Bieback K, Karagianni M. The Impact of Harvesting Systems and Donor Characteristics on Viability of Nucleated Cells in Adipose Tissue: A First Step Towards a Manufacturing Process. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 30:716-720. [PMID: 30817533 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000005310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue contains an abundant population of mesenchymal stromal cells (= adipose stromal cells [ASC]) with multilineage differentiation, immunomodulatory and trophic potential promising for cell-based therapies. Although intensely investigated in pre- and clinical studies, little is known about the impact of donor characteristics on the viability of ASC. To correlate patient data to the quality of processed adipose tissue and to establish a first step towards a manufacturing process for cell therapy, we evaluated the effects of 2 harvesting systems (LipiVage, TTF-System) and donor characteristics on cell viability of nucleated cells in a cohort of 44 samples obtained from 17 donors.The impact of donor-specific factors (localization, age, body-mass-index, chronic diseases, intake of drugs, nicotine consumption or disorders of the thyroid gland) and the harvesting system on nucleated cell (NC) counts and viability of processed lipoaspirates were statistically analyzed.Increasing age has a significant positive influence on NC viability (P = 0.001). Donors with intake of thyroid hormones based on a hypothyroidism and suctioned with the LipiVage-System reached a significantly higher viability of NC (P = 0.038). No statistical difference was shown between the 2 harvesting-systems (P = 0.338) and the donor sites (P = 0.294).We focused on a potential correlation between NC viability and donor characteristics. Based on the donor cohort investigated in this study, cells from elderly patients suctioned with the LipiVage-System and taking thyroid hormones yielded cells of higher viability, suggesting an improved quality for subsequent manufacturing procedures. Further investigations are necessary to understand and correlate this data to ASC in vitro characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos A Papadopulos
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Hand Surgery.,Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Alexandroupoli University General Hospital, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupoli, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Harald Klüter
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University
| | - Marianna Karagianni
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University
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Influence of preadipocyte-conditioned medium on the proliferation and invasive potential of breast cancer cell lines in vitro. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 298:1159-1171. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Trávníčková M, Bačáková L. Application of adult mesenchymal stem cells in bone and vascular tissue engineering. Physiol Res 2018; 67:831-850. [PMID: 30204468 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a very promising field of regenerative medicine. Life expectancy has been increasing, and tissue replacement is increasingly needed in patients suffering from various degenerative disorders of the organs. The use of adult mesenchymal stem cells (e.g. from adipose tissue or from bone marrow) in tissue engineering seems to be a promising approach for tissue replacements. Clinical applications can make direct use of the large secretome of these cells, which can have a positive influence on other cells around. Another advantage of adult mesenchymal stem cells is the possibility to differentiate them into various mature cells via appropriate culture conditions (i.e. medium composition, biomaterial properties, and dynamic conditions). This review is focused on current and future ways to carry out tissue replacement of damaged bones and blood vessels, especially with the use of suitable adult mesenchymal stem cells as a potential source of differentiated mature cells that can later be used for tissue replacement. The advantages and disadvantages of different stem cell sources are discussed, with a main focus on adipose-derived stem cells. Patient factors that can influence later clinical applications are taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trávníčková
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Rotondo F, Ho-Palma AC, Remesar X, Fernández-López JA, Romero MDM, Alemany M. Effect of sex on glucose handling by adipocytes isolated from rat subcutaneous, mesenteric and perigonadal adipose tissue. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5440. [PMID: 30128201 PMCID: PMC6089212 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adult rat epididymal adipocytes are able to convert large amounts of glucose to lactate and glycerol. However, fatty acid efflux is much lower than that expected from glycerol levels if they were the product of lipolysis. Use of glucose for lipogenesis is limited, in contrast with the active glycolysis-derived lactate (and other 3-carbon substrates). In this study, we analyzed whether white adipose tissue (WAT) site and sex affect these processes. Methods Mature adipocytes from perigonadal, mesenteric and subcutaneous WAT of female and male rats were isolated, and incubated with 7 or 14 mM glucose during 1 or 2 days. Glucose consumption, metabolite efflux and gene expression of glycolytic and lipogenesis-related genes were measured. Results The effects of medium initial glucose concentration were minimal on most parameters studied. Sex-induced differences that were more extensive; however, the most marked, distinct, effects between WAT sites, were dependent on the time of incubation. In general, the production of lactate was maintained during the incubation, but glycerol release rates increased with time, shifting from a largely glycolytic origin to its triacylglycerol (TAG) lipolytic release. Glycerol incorporation was concurrent with increased TAG turnover: lipolytic glycerol was selectively secreted, while most fatty acids were recycled again into TAG. Fatty acid efflux increased with incubation, but was, nevertheless, minimal compared with that of glycerol. Production of lactate and glycerol from glucose were maximal in mesenteric WAT. Discussion Female rats showed a higher adipocyte metabolic activity than males. In mesenteric WAT, gene expression (and substrate efflux) data suggested that adipocyte oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA was higher in females than in males, with enhanced return of oxaloacetate to the cytoplasm for its final conversion to lactate. WAT site differences showed marked tissue specialization-related differences. Use of glucose for lipogenesis was seriously hampered over time, when TAG turnover-related lipolysis was activated. We postulate that these mechanisms may help decrease glycaemia and fat storage, producing, instead, a higher availability of less-regulated 3-carbon substrates, used for energy elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Rotondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Cecilia Ho-Palma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Remesar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER OBN, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio Fernández-López
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER OBN, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Romero
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER OBN, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marià Alemany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Biology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER OBN, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Obesidad y Nutrición, Barcelona, Spain
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Bajek A, Gurtowska N, Olkowska J, Maj M, Kaźmierski Ł, Bodnar M, Marszałek A, Dębski R, Drewa T. Does the Harvesting Technique Affect the Properties of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells?-The Comparative Biological Characterization. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:1097-1107. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bajek
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Natalia Gurtowska
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Joanna Olkowska
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Małgorzata Maj
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Łukasz Kaźmierski
- Department of Tissue Engineering; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Karlowicza Str 24 85-092 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str 9 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszałek
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str 9 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Robert Dębski
- Department of Experimental Oncology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Str 9 85-094 Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Department of Urology; Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital; Batorego Str 17-19 87-100 Toruń Poland
- Department of Urology; Nicolaus Copernicus University; Sklodowskiej Str 9 85-090 Bydgoszcz Poland
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Experimental and clinical methods used for fat volume maintenance after autologous fat grafting. Ann Plast Surg 2014; 72:475-83. [PMID: 24618741 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Management of soft tissue deficits resulting from congenital abnormalities, trauma, systemic disease, and tumors is a particularly challenging field of plastic and reconstructive surgery. Fat grafting, a technique traditionally used in the correction of facial asymmetry, is commonly seen in aesthetic procedures which use the grafted fat for soft tissue augmentation and recontouring. Despite its widespread use in reconstruction and aesthetic surgery, therapeutic modalities applied in fat grafting are crude and the results of this intervention are unpredictable. The aim of this review was to present the most recent evidence regarding experimental studies and designs which confirmed or disproved fat volume expansion or fat maintenance after autologous fat grafting.
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Nicoletti G, Brenta F, Jaber O, Laberinti E, Faga A. Lipofilling for functional reconstruction of the sole of the foot. Foot (Edinb) 2014; 24:21-7. [PMID: 24656457 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New advances in regenerative surgery may increase the potential for rehabilitation in the injured foot. OBJECTIVES A clinical prospective observational study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of lipofilling to improve the functional recovery of the injured foot. METHODS Four patients with anatomical-functional impairment following repair of post-traumatic soft tissue loss of the foot were involved in the study. All of the patients complained of pain in the repaired plantar weight bearing area, skin instability, recurrent ulcerations and were walking on crutches. A combined plastic surgery and technical orthopaedic assessment identified the plantar areas requiring anatomical changes for load redistribution. Two selective sequential lipofillings with a 12 weeks' time interval were performed. Manufacturing of custom-made plantar insoles and/or shoes followed each surgical procedure. RESULTS After the treatment all of the patients progressively recovered both a better plantar load distribution and a local soft tissue stability, referred the remission of chronic pain and discontinued the use of crutches. CONCLUSION Lipofilling proved to be an effective and versatile surgical technique for both reconstructive and regenerative purposes. The interaction between the Plastic Surgery staff and the Orthopaedic Technician outlined a successful multidisciplinary approach model for the rehabilitation of the injured foot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Nicoletti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Aselli 45, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Research and Care Institute, Via Salvatore Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Advanced Technologies for Regenerative Medicine and Inductive Surgery Research Centre, University of Pavia, Viale Brambilla 74, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Federica Brenta
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Aselli 45, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Research and Care Institute, Via Salvatore Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Omar Jaber
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Aselli 45, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Research and Care Institute, Via Salvatore Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Laberinti
- Ortopedia Tecnica di Elio Barbetta, Corso Milano 1, 27029 Vigevano (PV), Italy
| | - Angela Faga
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Aselli 45, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Salvatore Maugeri Research and Care Institute, Via Salvatore Maugeri 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Advanced Technologies for Regenerative Medicine and Inductive Surgery Research Centre, University of Pavia, Viale Brambilla 74, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Gnanasegaran N, Govindasamy V, Musa S, Kasim NHA. Different isolation methods alter the gene expression profiling of adipose derived stem cells. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:391-403. [PMID: 24669199 PMCID: PMC3964446 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.7697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose stem cells (ASCs) has been in the limelight since its discovery as a suitable source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine. Currently, two major techniques are used to isolate ASCs, namely liposuction and tissue biopsy. These two methods are relatively risk-free but the question as to which method could give a more efficient output remains unclear. Thus, this study was carried out to compare and contrast the output generated in regards to growth kinetics, differentiation capabilities in vitro, and gene expression profiling. It was found that ASCs from both isolation methods were comparable in terms of growth kinetics and tri-lineage differentiation. Furthermore, ASCs from both populations were reported as CD44(+), CD73(+), CD90(+), CD166(+), CD34(-), CD45(-) and HLA-DR(-). However, in regards to gene expression, a group of overlapping genes as well as distinct genes were observed. Distinct gene expressions indicated that ASCs (liposuction) has endoderm lineage propensity whereas ASCs (biopsy) has a tendency towards mesoderm/ectoderm lineage. This information suggests involvement in different functional activity in accordance to isolation method. In conclusion, future studies to better understand these gene functions should be carried out in order to contribute in the applicability of each respective cells in regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nareshwaran Gnanasegaran
- 1. Regenerative Dentistry Research Group (ReDReG), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vijayendran Govindasamy
- 2. Hygieia Innovation Sdn. Bhd, Lot 1G-2G, Lanai Complex No.2, Persiaran Seri Perdana, Persint 10, Federal Territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sabri Musa
- 1. Regenerative Dentistry Research Group (ReDReG), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; 3. Department of Children's Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim
- 1. Regenerative Dentistry Research Group (ReDReG), Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; 4. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Roman A, Soancă A, Florea A, Páll E. In vitro characterization of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from palatal subepithelial tissue grafts. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2013; 19:370-380. [PMID: 23425444 DOI: 10.1017/s143192761201433x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze whether the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from palatal tissue grafts harvested in order to cover gingival recessions have the basic characteristics of stem cells. The palatal tissue cells were processed using a special culture medium that stimulated the development of only undifferentiated cellular lines. Cells at passage 4 were evaluated by flow cytometry to examine the expression of specific surface markers and were tested for multilineage differentiation capacity. These cells collected at passage 4 were also investigated for the capacity to cluster into embryoid body aggregates. Palatal MSCs displayed positive staining for the mesenchymal markers CD29, CD73, CD105, CD 49e, and CD44, but did not express hematopoietic markers CD34/45. The palatal MSCs successfully differentiated into osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. When seeded in special conditions, palatal MSCs propagated into unattached spheres resembling embryoid body aggregates consisting both of differentiated and undifferentiated cells as revealed at the ultrastructural evaluation. It is concluded that the isolated palatal MSCs fulfilled the basic criteria defining the stem cells. This new source of stem cells characterized here for the first time opens new perspectives on possible applications in basic research and in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 15 Victor Babeş St., 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Bieback K, Kinzebach S, Karagianni M. Translating research into clinical scale manufacturing of mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells Int 2011; 2010:193519. [PMID: 21318154 PMCID: PMC3034974 DOI: 10.4061/2010/193519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It sounds simple to obtain sufficient numbers of cells derived from fetal or adult human tissues, isolate and/or expand the stem cells, and then transplant an appropriate number of these cells into the patient at the correct location. However, translating basic research into routine therapies is a complex multistep process which necessitates product regulation. The challenge relates to managing the expected therapeutic benefits with the potential risks and to balance the fast move to clinical trials with time-consuming cautious risk assessment. This paper will focus on the definition of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and challenges and achievements in the manufacturing process enabling their use in clinical studies. It will allude to different cellular sources, special capacities of MSCs, but also to current regulations, with a special focus on accessory material of human or animal origin, like media supplements. As cellular integrity and purity, formulation and lot release testing of the final product, validation of all procedures, and quality assurance are of utmost necessity, these topics will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, DRK-Blutspendedienst Baden-Wüerttemberg-Hessen, Ludolf-Krehl-Strasse 13-17, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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