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Kalantari L, Hajjafari A, Goleij P, Rezaee A, Amirlou P, Farsad S, Foroozand H, Arefnezhad R, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Jahani S, Yazdani T, Nazari A. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: A powerful fighter against colon cancer? Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102523. [PMID: 39154502 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) stands as one of the most common malignancies related to the gastrointestinal system, whose increasing incidence and death rates have been reported all over the world. Standard treatments for fighting cancers like CC comprise surgical approaches, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, which are suggested by clinicians according to patients' conditions and disease stages. However, patients who utilize these modalities may suffer from serious side effects and adverse outcomes, for example, toxicity and tumor recurrence, as well as a low 5-year survival rate. The present shreds of evidence showed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can have a suitable capacity for treating different health problems, especially neoplasms. These multipotent stem cells can be isolated from several sources, such as the umbilical cord, bone marrow, adipose tissue, and placenta. Among these mesenchymal sources, umbilical cord-MSCs have gathered much attention in scientific societies due to their advantages (e.g., low immunogenicity, lack of ethical problems, and easy collection). These days, the efficacy of umbilical cord-MSCs and umbilical cord-MSCs-based strategies, such as conditioned medium, extracellular vesicles, and exosomes, on CC have been explored, and promising findings have been stated. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to summarize and debate evidence regarding the effects of UC-MSCs and their related products on CC with a focus on molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in its treatment and pathogenesis of this malignant tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Kalantari
- Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Hajjafari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aryan Rezaee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parsa Amirlou
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Farsad
- Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Hassan Foroozand
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Arefnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Coenzyme R Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Saleheh Jahani
- Pathology department, University of California, SanDiego, United States
| | - Taha Yazdani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmad Nazari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Torquato HFV, Rodrigues Junior MT, Lima CS, de Araujo Júnior RT, Soares CCSP, Domiciano AT, de Morais RLT, Rosolen D, Cavalli LR, Santos-Filho OA, Justo GZ, Pilli RA, Paredes-Gamero EJ. DNA Damage-Inducing 10-Methoxy-canthin-6-one (Mtx-C) Promotes Cell Cycle Arrest in G 2/M and Myeloid Differentiation of Acute Myeloid Leukemias and Leukemic Stem Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:37343-37354. [PMID: 39246489 PMCID: PMC11375717 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic 10-methoxy-canthin-6-one (Mtx-C), an alkaloid derivative, exhibits cytotoxic effects against acute myeloid cells (AMLs) and leukemic stem cells (LSCs) at a concentration of approximately 60 μM. However, the antitumor mechanism of Mtx-C in AMLs and LSCs remains elusive. Using Mtx-C at concentrations with low cytotoxicity (2-4 μM) for 72 h, we observed cell arrest with the accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. This effect was controlled by cyclin B1 expression and induction of the DNA damage cascade characterized by ATM, ATR, Chk1/2, p53, and H2A.X phosphorylation. Molecular docking analysis confirmed Mtx-C as a DNA intercalator. Moreover, the expression of inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, including p21 (Cip1) and p27 (Kip1), increased. In addition, several miRNAs that are considered oncosuppressors were regulated by Mtx-C in Kasumi-1 cells. Finally, concomitant with cell cycle arrest, the underlying molecular mechanisms of Mtx-C in AML cells include myeloid differentiation, as evidenced by the increased expression of PU.1, myeloperoxidase, CD15, CD11b, and CD14 in the AML and LSC populations with the participation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Thus, we showed that Mtx-C simultaneously induced cell cycle arrest and myeloid differentiation in AML lineages and in the LSC population, providing insights into new therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of AML based on naturally occurring molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heron F V Torquato
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Cauê Santos Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | | | - Caio C S P Soares
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13084-971, Brazil
| | - André Tarsis Domiciano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | | | - Daiane Rosolen
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil
| | - Luciane Regina Cavalli
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20007, United States
| | - Osvaldo Andrade Santos-Filho
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Biologia Estrutural Computacional, Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 - Bloco H, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil
| | - Giselle Zenker Justo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Aloise Pilli
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Edgar J Paredes-Gamero
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, SP 04044-020, Brazil
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3
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Shen P, Ma Z, Xu X, Li W, Li Y. Dental pulp stem cells promote malignant transformation of oral epithelial cells through mitochondrial transfer. Med Mol Morphol 2024:10.1007/s00795-024-00403-1. [PMID: 39122902 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-024-00403-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Oral epithelial dysplasia includes a range of clinical oral mucosal diseases with potentially malignant traits. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are potential candidates for cell-based therapies targeting various diseases. However, the effect of DPSCs on the progression of oral mucosal precancerous lesions remains unclear. Animal experiments were conducted to assess the effect of human DPSCs (hDPSCs). We measured the proliferation, motility and mitochondrial respiratory function of the human dysplastic oral keratinocyte (DOK) cells cocultured with hDPSCs. Mitochondrial transfer experiments were performed to determine the role mitochondria from hDPSCs in the malignant transformation of DOK cells. hDPSCs injection accelerated carcinogenesis in 4NQO-induced oral epithelial dysplasia in mice. Coculture with hDPSCs increased the proliferation, migration, invasion and mitochondrial respiratory function of DOK cells. Mitochondria from hDPSCs could be transferred to DOK cells, and activated mTOR signaling pathway in DOK cells. Our study demonstrates that hDPSCs activate the mTOR signaling pathway through mitochondrial transfer, promoting the malignant transformation of oral precancerous epithelial lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqi Shen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeyi Ma
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyu Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaoyin Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Eroz I, Kakkar PK, Lazar RA, El-Jawhari J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Leukaemia. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1677. [PMID: 39200142 PMCID: PMC11351218 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the main residents in the bone marrow (BM) and have an essential role in the regulation of haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation and proliferation. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a group of myeloid disorders impacting haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSCPs) that are characterised by BM failure, ineffective haematopoiesis, cytopenia, and a high risk of transformation through the expansion of MDS clones together with additional genetic defects. It has been indicated that MSCs play anti-tumorigenic roles such as in cell cycle arrest and pro-tumorigenic roles including the induction of metastasis in MDS and leukaemia. Growing evidence has shown that MSCs have impaired functions in MDS, such as decreased proliferation capacity, differentiation ability, haematopoiesis support, and immunomodulation function and increased inflammatory alterations within the BM through some intracellular pathways such as Notch and Wnt and extracellular modulators abnormally secreted by MSCs, including increased expression of inflammatory factors and decreased expression of haematopoietic factors, contributing to the development and progression of MDSs. Therefore, MSCs can be targeted for the treatment of MDSs and leukaemia. However, it remains unclear what drives MSCs to behave abnormally. In this review, dysregulations in MSCs and their contributions to myeloid haematological malignancies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilayda Eroz
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Prabneet Kaur Kakkar
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Renal Antoinette Lazar
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Jehan El-Jawhari
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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5
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Yuce M, Albayrak E. Paracrine Factors Released from Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit Proliferation of Hematological Cancer Cells Under Hyperthermia in Co-culture Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:4105-4124. [PMID: 37897623 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising biological therapeutic candidates in cancer treatment. As a source of MSCs, palatine tonsil tissue is one of the secondary lymphoid organs that form an essential part of the immune system, and the relation between the secondary lymphoid organs and cancer progression leads us to investigate the effect of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSC) on cancer treatment. We aimed to determine the anti-tumoral effects of T-MSCs cultured at the febrile temperature (40 °C) on hematological cancer cell lines. The co-culture of cancer cells with T-MSCs was carried out under fever and normal culture conditions, and then the cell viability was determined by cell counting. In addition, apoptosis rate and cell cycle arrest were determined by flow cytometry. We confirmed the apoptotic effect of T-MSC co-culture at the transcriptional level by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We found that co-culture of cancer cells with T-MSCs significantly decreased the viable cell number under the febrile and normal culture conditions. Besides, the T-MSC co-culture induced apoptosis on K562 and MOLT-4 cells and induced the cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase on MOLT-4 cells. The apoptotic effect of T-MSC co-culture under febrile stimulation was confirmed at the transcriptional level. Our study has highlighted the anti-tumoral effect of the cellular interaction between the T-MSCs and human hematological cancer cells during in vitro co-culture under hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Yuce
- Stem Cell Research & Application Center, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Kurupelit Campus, 55139, Atakum, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Esra Albayrak
- Stem Cell Research & Application Center, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Kurupelit Campus, 55139, Atakum, Samsun, Turkey
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Wu CH, Weng TF, Li JP, Wu KH. Biology and Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2527. [PMID: 38473775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted roles of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in leukemia, focusing on their interactions within the bone marrow microenvironment and their impact on leukemia pathogenesis, progression, and treatment resistance. MSCs, characterized by their ability to differentiate into various cell types and modulate the immune system, are integral to the BM niche, influencing hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and functionality. This review extensively explores the intricate relationship between MSCs and leukemic cells in acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. This review also addresses the potential clinical applications of MSCs in leukemia treatment. MSCs' role in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, their antitumor effects, and strategies to disrupt chemo-resistance are discussed. Despite their therapeutic potential, the dual nature of MSCs in promoting and inhibiting tumor growth poses significant challenges. Further research is needed to understand MSCs' biological mechanisms in hematologic malignancies and develop targeted therapeutic strategies. This in-depth exploration of MSCs in leukemia provides crucial insights for advancing treatment modalities and improving patient outcomes in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsien Wu
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Te-Fu Weng
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Pi Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hsi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Silini AR, Ramuta TŽ, Pires AS, Banerjee A, Dubus M, Gindraux F, Kerdjoudj H, Maciulatis J, Weidinger A, Wolbank S, Eissner G, Giebel B, Pozzobon M, Parolini O, Kreft ME. Methods and criteria for validating the multimodal functions of perinatal derivatives when used in oncological and antimicrobial applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:958669. [PMID: 36312547 PMCID: PMC9607958 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.958669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal derivatives or PnDs refer to tissues, cells and secretomes from perinatal, or birth-associated tissues. In the past 2 decades PnDs have been highly investigated for their multimodal mechanisms of action that have been exploited in various disease settings, including in different cancers and infections. Indeed, there is growing evidence that PnDs possess anticancer and antimicrobial activities, but an urgent issue that needs to be addressed is the reproducible evaluation of efficacy, both in vitro and in vivo. Herein we present the most commonly used functional assays for the assessment of antitumor and antimicrobial properties of PnDs, and we discuss their advantages and disadvantages in assessing the functionality. This review is part of a quadrinomial series on functional assays for the validation of PnDs spanning biological functions such as immunomodulation, anticancer and antimicrobial, wound healing, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta R. Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Taja Železnik Ramuta
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Salomé Pires
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Asmita Banerjee
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie Dubus
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux (BIOS), Reims, France
| | - Florelle Gindraux
- Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et Plastique, CHU Besançon and Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, Imagerie, Thérapeutique EA 4662, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Halima Kerdjoudj
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux (BIOS), Reims, France
| | - Justinas Maciulatis
- The Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Adelheid Weidinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Eissner
- Systems Biology Ireland, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michela Pozzobon
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città Della Speranza, Padoa, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Mateja Erdani Kreft,
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8
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Nachmias B, Zimran E, Avni B. Mesenchymal stroma/stem cells: Haematologists' friend or foe? Br J Haematol 2022; 199:175-189. [PMID: 35667616 PMCID: PMC9796884 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are non-haematopoietic cells found in fetal and adult organs, that play important roles in tissue repair, inflammation and immune modulation. MSCs residing in the bone marrow interact closely with haematopoietic cells and comprise an important component of the microenvironment supporting haematopoiesis, in both health and disease states. Since their identification in 1970, basic scientific and preclinical research efforts have shed light on the role of MSCs in the regulation of haematopoiesis and evoked interest in their clinical application in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and malignant haematology. Over the last two decades, these research efforts have led to numerous clinical trials, which have established the safety of MSC therapy; however, the optimal mode of administration and the benefit remain inconclusive. In this paper, we will review the clinical experience with use of MSCs in HSCT for enhancement of engraftment, prevention and treatment of graft-versus-host disease and haemorrhagic cystitis. Then, we will discuss the contradictory evidence regarding tumour-promoting versus tumour-suppressing effects of MSCs in haematological malignancies, which may have relevance for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Nachmias
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer ImmunotherapyHadassah Medical Center and Hebrew UniversityJerusalemIsrael
| | - Eran Zimran
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer ImmunotherapyHadassah Medical Center and Hebrew UniversityJerusalemIsrael
| | - Batia Avni
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cancer ImmunotherapyHadassah Medical Center and Hebrew UniversityJerusalemIsrael
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9
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Potential and challenges of placenta-derived decidua stromal cell therapy in inflammation-associated disorders. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:580-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Woods K, Guezguez B. Dynamic Changes of the Bone Marrow Niche: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Progeny During Aging and Leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:714716. [PMID: 34447754 PMCID: PMC8383146 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.714716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogenous cell population found in a wide range of tissues in the body, known for their nutrient-producing and immunomodulatory functions. In the bone marrow (BM), these MSCs are critical for the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) that are responsible for daily blood production and functional immunity throughout an entire organism's lifespan. Alongside other stromal cells, MSCs form a specialized microenvironment BM tissue called "niche" that tightly controls HSC self-renewal and differentiation. In addition, MSCs are crucial players in maintaining bone integrity and supply of hormonal nutrients due to their capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes which also contribute to cellular composition of the BM niche. However, MSCs are known to encompass a large heterogenous cell population that remains elusive and poorly defined. In this review, we focus on deciphering the BM-MSC biology through recent advances in single-cell identification of hierarchical subsets with distinct functionalities and transcriptional profiles. We also discuss the contribution of MSCs and their osteo-adipo progeny in modulating the complex direct cell-to-cell or indirect soluble factors-mediated interactions of the BM HSC niche during homeostasis, aging and myeloid malignancies. Lastly, we examine the therapeutic potential of MSCs for rejuvenation and anti-tumor remedy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Woods
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Borhane Guezguez
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Shang Y, Guan H, Zhou F. Biological Characteristics of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Its Therapeutic Potential for Hematological Disorders. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:570179. [PMID: 34012958 PMCID: PMC8126649 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.570179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are a class of multifunctional stem cells isolated and cultured from umbilical cord. They possessed the characteristics of highly self-renewal, multi-directional differentiation potential and low immunogenicity. Its application in the field of tissue engineering and gene therapy has achieved a series of results. Recent studies have confirmed their characteristics of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and migration to nest of cancer. The ability of UC-MSCs to support hematopoietic microenvironment and suppress immune system suggests that they can improve engraftment after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which shows great potential in treatment of hematologic diseases. This review will focus on the latest advances in biological characteristics and mechanism of UC-MSCs in treatment of hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Shang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haotong Guan
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Fathi E, Vietor I. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Caspase Expression in Molt-4 Leukemia Cells Via GSK-3α/Β and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways as a Therapeutic Strategy. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 21:81-88. [PMID: 33019931 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220666201005111126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered an interesting tool in cell therapy due to their unique features such as self-renewal, multi-potency, and pluripotency. The multifunctional properties of these cells are being investigated in many studies. The current research examined the influence of MSCs on the Molt-4 cell line as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. METHODS MSCs were cultured, characterized, and co-cultured with Molt-4 cells in a trans-well system. Then, cultured Molt-4 alone and Molt-4 co-cultured with MSCs (10:1) were collected on day 7 and subjected to western blotting for protein expression assessment. Telomerase activity as well as cell senescence, were investigated by PCR-ELISA TRAP assay and β-galactosidase activity measurement, respectively. RESULTS It was found that MSCs resulted in a significant increase in the pro-caspase-8 and cleaved-caspase 8 and 9 expression levels. Furthermore, protein expression levels of GSK-3α/β and ERK1/2 were significantly decreased. The results also showed that MSCs caused significant decreases and increases in telomerase and β-galactosidase enzyme activity of Molt-4 cells, respectively. CONCLUSION It was concluded that MSCs co-cultured with Molt-4 cells could be involved in the promotion of Molt-4 cell apoptosis and cell senescence via caspase-8, 9 cascade and GSK-3α/β and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ilja Vietor
- Institute of Cell Biology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Innsbruck, Austria
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13
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Cai GL, Yang ZX, Guo DY, Hu CB, Yan ML, Yan J. Macrophages enhance lipopolysaccharide induced apoptosis via Ang1 and NF-κB pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2918. [PMID: 33536546 PMCID: PMC7858588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could induce apoptosis and dysfunction of endothelial cells. We aimed to reveal the effects of macrophages on cell proliferation and apoptosis in LPS induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). THP-1 derived macrophages and HUVECs were co-cultured in the presence of LPS. Cell viability was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of Ang1, the NF-κB component p65 was evaluated by western blot and quantitative PCR. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to knockdown the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and p65 in HUVECs. Plasmid transfection-mediated overexpression of Ang1 was employed to see its effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in HUVECs. Macrophages enhanced LPS-induced proliferation impairments and apoptosis in HUVECs, which could be attenuated by siRNA-mediated knockdown of cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12p70 in macrophages. The dysfunction of HUVECs was tightly associated with reduced Ang1 expression and increased phosphorylated p65 (p-65). Overexpression of Ang1 in HUVECs significantly decreased p-p65, suggesting negatively regulation of p-p65 by Ang1. Overexpression of Ang1, adding recombinant Ang1 or silencing of p65 substantially attenuated the dysfunction of HUVECs in terms of cell proliferation and apoptosis. In conclusions, THP-1-derived macrophages enhance LPS induced dysfunction of HUVECs via Ang1 and NF-κB pathways, suggesting new therapeutic targets for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Long Cai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhou-Xin Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dong-Yang Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cai-Bao Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mo-Lei Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Tumor-resident adenosine-producing mesenchymal stem cells as a potential target for cancer treatment. Clin Exp Med 2021; 21:205-213. [PMID: 33484380 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of new therapies based on tumor biology is one of the main topics in cancer treatment. In this regard, investigating the microenvironment and cellular composition of the tumor is of particular interest. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a major group of cells in the tumor tissue and play a critical role in tumor growth and development. Investigating the mechanisms by which MSCs influence tumor growth and progression is very useful in establishing new therapeutic approaches. MSCs have some immunological capacities, including anti-inflammatory, immune-regulatory, and immune-suppressive abilities, which help the tumor growth in the inflammatory condition. They can suppress the proliferation and activation of CD4 + T cells and direct them toward the regulatory phenotype through the release of some factors such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, prostaglandin E2, and HO-1, PD-1 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) and promote tolerance and apoptosis. Besides, these cells are able to produce adenosine. Adenosine has a key role in controlling the immune system by signaling through receptors located on the surface of immune cells. It plays a very essential role in tumor growth and progression. In the present review, we investigate and introduce adenosine-producing mesenchymal stem cells as a potential target for cancer treatment.
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15
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Aging of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Hematopoiesis Disturbances and Potential Role in the Development of Hematologic Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010068. [PMID: 33383723 PMCID: PMC7794884 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As for many other cancers, the risk of developing hematologic malignancies increases considerably as people age. In recent years, a growing number of studies have highlighted the influence of the aging microenvironment on hematopoiesis and tumor progression. Mesenchymal stromal cells are a major player in intercellular communication inside the bone marrow microenvironment involved in hematopoiesis support. With aging, their functions may be altered, leading to hematopoiesis disturbances which can lead to hematologic cancers. A good understanding of the mechanisms involved in mesenchymal stem cell aging and the consequences on hematopoiesis and tumor progression is therefore necessary for a better comprehension of hematologic malignancies and for the development of therapeutic approaches. Abstract Aging of bone marrow is a complex process that is involved in the development of many diseases, including hematologic cancers. The results obtained in this field of research, year after year, underline the important role of cross-talk between hematopoietic stem cells and their close environment. In bone marrow, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a major player in cell-to-cell communication, presenting a wide range of functionalities, sometimes opposite, depending on the environmental conditions. Although these cells are actively studied for their therapeutic properties, their role in tumor progression remains unclear. One of the reasons for this is that the aging of MSCs has a direct impact on their behavior and on hematopoiesis. In addition, tumor progression is accompanied by dynamic remodeling of the bone marrow niche that may interfere with MSC functions. The present review presents the main features of MSC senescence in bone marrow and their implications in hematologic cancer progression.
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Yin P, Gui L, Wang C, Yan J, Liu M, Ji L, Wang Y, Ma B, Gao WQ. Targeted Delivery of CXCL9 and OX40L by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Elicits Potent Antitumor Immunity. Mol Ther 2020; 28:2553-2563. [PMID: 32827461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Major obstacles in immunotherapies include toxicities associated with systemic administration of therapeutic agents, as well as low tumor lymphocyte infiltration that hampers the efficacies. In this study, we report a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based immunotherapeutic strategy in which MSCs specifically deliver T/natural killer (NK) cell-targeting chemokine CXCL9 and immunostimulatory factor OX40 ligand (OX40L)/tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4) to tumor sites in syngeneic subcutaneous and azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced spontaneous colon cancer mouse models. This approach generated potent local antitumor immunity by increasing the ratios of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T and NK cells and production of antitumor cytokines and cytolytic proteins in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, it improved the efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade in a syngeneic mouse model and significantly suppressed the growth of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC class I)-deficient tumors. Our MSC-based immunotherapeutic strategy simultaneously recruits and activates immune effector cells at the tumor site, thus overcoming the problems with toxicities of systemic therapeutic agents and low lymphocyte infiltration of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Liming Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jingjing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Bin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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17
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Fathi E, Sanaat Z, Farahzadi R. Mesenchymal stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia: a focus on mechanisms involved and therapeutic concepts. Blood Res 2019; 54:165-174. [PMID: 31730689 PMCID: PMC6779935 DOI: 10.5045/br.2019.54.3.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance in cancer, especially in leukemia, creates a dilemma in treatment planning. Consequently, studies related to the mechanisms underlying drug resistance, the molecular pathways involved in this phenomenon, and alternate therapies have attracted the attention of researchers. Among a variety of therapeutic modalities, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of special interest due to their potential clinical use. Therapies involving MSCs are showing increasing promise in cancer treatment and anticancer drug screening applications; however, results have been inconclusive, possibly due to the heterogeneity of MSC populations. Most recently, the effect of MSCs on different types of cancer, such as hematologic malignancies, their mechanisms, sources of MSCs, and its advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. There are many proposed mechanisms describing the effects of MSCs in hematologic malignancies; however, the most commonly-accepted mechanism is that MSCs induce tumor cell cycle arrest. This review explains the anti-tumorigenic effects of MSCs through the suppression of tumor cell proliferation in hematological malignancies, especially in acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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18
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Borkowska-Kuczkowska A, Sługocka D, Świątkowska-Flis B, Boruczkowski D. The use of mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of progressive retinal diseases: a review. Regen Med 2019; 14:321-329. [PMID: 30977436 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Some ocular diseases, such as dystrophies, retinal and macular degeneration, optic nerve atrophy, and Stargardt disease, are progressive and irreversible. In this review, we focus on the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of these diseases. In animal studies, MSC transplantation significantly delayed retinal degeneration, led to the regeneration of cone cells, and supported the survival of retinal ganglion cells and axon regeneration. In clinical practice, patients with Behcet's disease with retinal vasculitis who received MSC injections experienced a decrease in retinal vasculitis but no improvement in vision acuity. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that MSCs are carcinogenic, and they even reduce the size of tumors in vitro. Furthermore, MSCs do not trigger the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Borkowska-Kuczkowska
- Polish Center of Cell Therapy & Immunotherapy in Częstochowa, Waly Dwernickiego 43/45, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland.,Agamed Center of Ophthalmology, Jasnogórska 4, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Dominika Sługocka
- Polish Center of Cell Therapy & Immunotherapy in Częstochowa, Waly Dwernickiego 43/45, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Beata Świątkowska-Flis
- Polish Center of Cell Therapy & Immunotherapy in Częstochowa, Waly Dwernickiego 43/45, 42-202 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Dariusz Boruczkowski
- Polski Bank Komórek Macierzystych SA (FamiCord Group), Jana Pawła II 29, 00-867 Warsaw, Poland
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19
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Liu Y, Song B, Wei Y, Chen F, Chi Y, Fan H, Liu N, Li Z, Han Z, Ma F. Exosomes from mesenchymal stromal cells enhance imatinib-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells via activation of caspase signaling pathway. Cytotherapy 2019; 20:181-188. [PMID: 29269240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Imatinib (IM), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the BCR-ABL oncoprotein, remains a major therapeutic strategy for patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). However, IM resistance is still a challenge in the treatment of CML. Recently, it was reported that exosomes (Exo) were involved in drug resistance. Therefore, the present study investigated whether Exo secreted by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSC-Exo) affected the sensitivity of K562 cells to IM. METHODS hUC-MSC-Exo were isolated and identified. K562 cells were then treated or not with IM (1 µmol/L) in combination with hUC-MSC-Exo (50 µg/mL). Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining, respectively. Apoptotic proteins, caspase and their cleaved forms were detected by Western blot. RESULTS It was shown that hUC-MSC-Exo alone had no effect on cell viability and apoptosis of K562 cells. However, hUC-MSC-Exo promoted IM-induced cell viability inhibition and apoptosis. Moreover, hUC-MSC-Exo enhanced the increased Bax expression and the decreased Bcl-2 expression that were induced by IM. Compared with IM alone, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were further activated by combination of hUC-MSC-Exo with IM. Finally, the effects of hUC-MSC-Exo on K562 cells could be reversed by pretreatment of K562 cells with caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (30 µmol/L) DISCUSSION: These results indicate that hUC-MSC-Exo enhanced the sensitivity of K562 cells to IM via activation of caspase signaling pathway. Therefore, combining IM with hUC-MSC-Exo could be a promising approach to improve the efficacy of CML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China; Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Hebei, Zhangjiakou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoquan Song
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongjin Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongchao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Mesenchymal stem cells in suppression or progression of hematologic malignancy: current status and challenges. Leukemia 2019; 33:597-611. [PMID: 30705410 PMCID: PMC6756083 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for being multi-potent. However, they also possess anticancer properties, which has prompted efforts to adapt MSCs for anticancer therapies. However, MSCs have also been widely implicated in pathways that contribute to tumor growth. Numerous studies have been conducted to adapt MSCs for further clinical use; however, the results have been inconclusive, possibly due to the heterogeneity of MSC populations. Moreover, the conflicting roles of MSCs in tumor inhibition and tumor growth impede their adaptation for anticancer therapies. Antitumorigenic and protumorigenic properties of MSCs in hematologic malignancies are not as well established as they are for solid malignancies, and data comparing them are still limited. Herein the effect of MSCs on hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia and lymphoma, their mechanisms, sources of MSCs, and their effects on different types of cancer, have been discussed. This review describes how MSCs preserve both antitumorigenic and protumorigenic effects, as they tend to not only inhibit tumor growth by suppressing tumor cell proliferation but also promote tumor growth by suppressing tumor cell apoptosis. Thus clinical studies trying to adapt MSCs for anticancer therapies should consider that MSCs could actually promote hematologic cancer progression. It is necessary to take extreme care while developing MSC-based cell therapies in order to boost anticancer properties while eliminating tumor-favoring effects. This review emphasizes that research on the therapeutic applications of MSCs must consider that they exert both antitumorigenic and protumorigenic effects on hematologic malignancies.
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Lee MW, Park YJ, Kim DS, Park HJ, Jung HL, Lee JW, Sung KW, Koo HH, Yoo KH. Human Adipose Tissue Stem Cells Promote the Growth of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells in NOD/SCID Mice. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:451-460. [PMID: 29594684 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9806-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of adipose tissue stem cells (ASCs) on the growth of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells was examined in an in vivo model. We established ALL cell lines expressing firefly luciferase (ALL/fLuc) by lentiviral infection that were injected intraperitoneally to NOD/SCID mice. The luciferase activities were significantly higher in mice co-injected with 105 ALL/fLuc cells and ASCs than in those injected with ALL/fLuc cells alone. Co-injection of 105 ALL/fLuc cells and ASCs in differing ratios into mice gradually increased the bioluminescence intensity in all groups, and mice co-injected with 1 or 2 × 106 ASCs showed higher bioluminescence intensity than those receiving lower numbers. Interestingly, in the mice injected with 105 or 107 ALL/fLuc cells alone, the formation of tumor masses was not observed for at least five weeks. Moreover, co-injection of 107 ALL/fLuc cells and 5 × 105 ASCs into mice increased the bioluminescence intensity in all groups, and showed significantly higher bioluminescence intensity compared to mice co-injected with human normal fibroblast HS68 cells. Overall, ASCs promote the growth of ALL cells in vivo, suggesting that ASCs negatively influence hematologic malignancy, which should be considered in developing cell therapy using ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Woo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Lim Jung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Woong Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Hoe Koo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea. .,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Keon Hee Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea. .,Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Medical Device Management and Research, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.
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22
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Shojaei S, Hashemi SM, Ghanbarian H, Salehi M, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S. Effect of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes on tumor microenvironment: Tumor progression versus tumor suppression. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3394-3409. [PMID: 30362503 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with the potential to differentiate into different cell types. Owing to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties, they are widely used in regenerative medicine, but they have a dual effect on cancer progression and exert both growth-stimulatory or -inhibitory effects on different cancer types. It has been proposed that these controversial effects of MSC in tumor microenvironment (TME) are mediated by their polarization to proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotype. In addition, they can polarize the immune system cells that in turn influence tumor progression. One of the mechanisms involved in the TME communications is extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSCs, as one of cell populations in TME, produce a large amount of EVs that can influence tumor development. Similar to MSC, MSC-EVs can exert both anti- or protumorigenic effects. In the current study, we will investigate the current knowledge related to MSC role in cancer progression with a focus on the MSC-EV content in limiting tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. We suppose MSC-EVs can be used as safe vehicles for delivering antitumor agents to TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Shojaei
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanbarian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Silini AR, Cancelli S, Signoroni PB, Cargnoni A, Magatti M, Parolini O. The dichotomy of placenta-derived cells in cancer growth. Placenta 2017; 59:154-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Su X, Fang S, Zhang D, Zhang Q, Lu X, Tian J, Fan J. Raman spectrum reveals Mesenchymal stem cells inhibiting HL60 cells growth. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 177:15-19. [PMID: 28109964 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Though some research results reveals that Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the ability of inhibiting tumor cells proliferation, it remains controversial about the precise interaction mechanism during MSCs and tumor cells co-culture. In this study, combing Raman spectroscopic data and principle component analysis (PCA), the biochemical changes of MSCs or Human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) cells during their co-culture were presented. The obtained results showed that some main Raman peaks of HL60 assigned to nucleic acids or proteins were greatly higher in intensity in the late stage of co-culture than those in the early stage of co-culture while they were still lower relative to the control group, implicating that the effect of MSCs inhibiting HL60 proliferation appeared in the early stage but gradually lost the inhibiting ability in the late stage of co-culture. Moreover, some other peaks of HL60 assigned to proteins were decreased in intensity in the early stage of co-culture relative to the control group but rebounded to the level similar to the control group in the late stage, showing that the content and structure changes of these proteins might be generated in the early stage but returned to the original state in the late stage of co-culture. As a result, in the early stage of MSCs-HL60 co-culture, along with the level of Akt phosphorylation of HL60 was lowered relative to its control group, the proliferation rate of HL60 cells was decreased. And in the late stage of co-culture, along with the level of Akt phosphorylation was rebounded, the reverse transfer of Raman peaks within 875-880cm-1 appeared, thus MSCs lost the ability to inhibit HL60 growth and HL60 proliferation was increased. In addition, it was observed that the peak at 811cm-1, which is a marker of RNA, was higher in intensity in the late stage than that in the control group, indicating that MSCs might be differentiated into myofibroblast-like MSCs. In addition, PCA results also exhibited that the physiological state of MSCs can be separated by the first two main components of PC1 or PC2 easily, and the effect of MSCs inhibiting HL60 growth was greatly associated with the time of co-culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoyin Fang
- Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Daosen Zhang
- Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinnan Zhang
- Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxu Lu
- Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jindong Tian
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinping Fan
- Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
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Ma F, Chen D, Chen F, Chi Y, Han Z, Feng X, Li X, Han Z. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Breast Cancer Metastasis by Interleukin-8- and Interleukin-6-Dependent Induction of CD44+/CD24- Cells. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:2585-99. [PMID: 25695620 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x687462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although emerging evidence links mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with cancer metastasis, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, we found that human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) promoted MCF-7 cell migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. To explore the mechanisms, the characteristics of MCF-7 cells cocultured with UC-MSCs were assessed. The expression and secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-6 were induced in MCF-7 cells cocultured with UC-MSCs. However, neutralization of IL-8 or IL-6 secreted by UC-MSCs could attenuate the enhanced expression of IL-8 and IL-6 in MCF-7 cells cocultured with UC-MSCs, which subsequently alleviated the enhanced migration. Similar to UC-MSCs, exogenous human recombinant IL-8 or IL-6 also promoted IL-8 and IL-6 expression and MCF-7 cell migration. In addition to enhanced IL-8 and IL-6 expression, MCF-7 cells cocultured with UC-MSCs displayed enhanced mammosphere-forming ability and increased percentage of CD44+/CD24- cells. However, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was not observed in MCF-7 cells cocultured with UC-MSCs. Taken together, these results suggested that IL-8 and IL-6 secreted by UC-MSCs activated the autocrine IL-8 and IL-6 signaling in MCF-7 cells and induced CD44+/CD24- cells, which subsequently promoted MCF-7 cell migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhibo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products/AmCellGene Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongchao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products/AmCellGene Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China
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Nicolay NH, Lopez Perez R, Debus J, Huber PE. Mesenchymal stem cells – A new hope for radiotherapy-induced tissue damage? Cancer Lett 2015; 366:133-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Li H, Hui H, Xu J, Yang H, Zhang X, Liu X, Zhou Y, Li Z, Guo Q, Lu N. Wogonoside induces growth inhibition and cell cycle arrest via promoting the expression and binding activity of GATA-1 in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:1507-22. [PMID: 26104856 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
GATA-1, a zinc finger transcription factor, has been demonstrated to play a key role in the progression of leukemia. In this study, we investigate the effects of wogonoside, a naturally bioactive flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, on cell growth and cell cycle in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, and uncover its underlying mechanisms. The experimental design comprised CML cell lines K562, imatinib-resistant K562 (K562r) cells, and primary CML cells, treated in vitro or in vivo, respectively, with wogonoside; growth and cell cycle were then evaluated. We found that wogonoside could induce growth inhibition and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in both normal and K562r cells. Wogonoside promotes the expression of GATA-1 and facilitates the binding to methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and p21 promoter, thus inhibiting MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling and cell cycle checkpoint proteins, including CDK2, CDK4, cyclin A, and cyclin D1, and increasing p21 expression. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that administration of wogonoside decreased CML cells and prolonged survival in NOD/SCID mice with CML cell xenografts. In conclusion, these results clearly revealed the inhibitory effect of wogonoside on the growth in CML cells and suggested that wogonoside may act as a promising drug for the treatment of imatinib-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Na Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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Di GH, Liu Y, Lu Y, Liu J, Wu C, Duan HF. IL-6 secreted from senescent mesenchymal stem cells promotes proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113572. [PMID: 25419563 PMCID: PMC4242635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are currently investigated for a variety of therapeutic applications. However, MSCs isolated from primary tissue cannot meet clinical grade needs and should be expanded in vitro for several passages. Although hMSCs show low possibility for undergoing oncogenic transformation, they do, similar to other somatic cells, undergo cellular senescence and their therapeutic potential is diminished when cultured in vitro. However, the role of senescent MSCs in tumor progression remains largely elusive. In the current study, by establishing senescent human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (s-UCMSCs) through the replicative senescence model and genotoxic stress induced premature senescence model, we show that s-UCMSCs significantly stimulate proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells in vitro and tumor progression in a co-transplant xenograft mouse model compared with ‘young’ counterparts (defined as MSCs at passage 5, in contrast to senescent MSCs at passage 45). In addition, we identified IL-6, a known pleiotropic cytokine, as a principal mediator for the tumor-promoting activity of s-UCMSCs by induction of STAT3 phosphorylation. Depletion of IL-6 from s-UCMSCs conditioned medium partially abrogated the stimulatory effect of s-UCMSCs on the proliferation and migration of breast tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-hu Di
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine (BIRM), No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 5 Yan'erdao Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine (BIRM), No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ying Lu
- The 307 Hospital, No. 8, Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine (BIRM), No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chutse Wu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine (BIRM), No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hai-Feng Duan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine (BIRM), No. 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China
- * E-mail:
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29
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Yang H, Hui H, Wang Q, Li H, Zhao K, Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Wang X, You Q, Guo Q, Lu N. Wogonin induces cell cycle arrest and erythroid differentiation in imatinib-resistant K562 cells and primary CML cells. Oncotarget 2014; 5:8188-201. [PMID: 25149543 PMCID: PMC4226676 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wogonin, a flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been demonstrated to be highly effective in treating hematologic malignancies. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of wogonin on K562 cells, K562 imatinib-resistant cells, and primary patient-derived CML cells. Wogonin up-regulated transcription factor GATA-1 and enhanced binding between GATA-1 and FOG-1, thereby increasing expression of erythroid-differentiation genes. Wogonin also up-regulated the expression of p21 and induced cell cycle arrest. Studies employing benzidine staining and analyses of cell surface markers glycophorin A (GPA) and CD71 indicated that wogonin promoted differentiation of K562, imatinib-resistant K562, and primary patient-derived CML cells. Wogonin also enhanced binding between GATA-1 and MEK, resulting in inhibition of the growth of CML cells. Additionally, in vivo studies showed that wogonin decreased the number of CML cells and prolonged survival of NOD/SCID mice injected with K562 and imatinib-resistant K562 cells. These data suggested that wogonin induces cycle arrest and erythroid differentiation in vitro and inhibits proliferation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Hui
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhao
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- 3 Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- 2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Qidong You
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Lu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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30
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Abd-Allah SH, Shalaby SM, El-Shal AS, Elkader EA, Hussein S, Emam E, Mazen NF, El Kateb M, Atfy M. Effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells on hepatoma. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1197-206. [PMID: 24985939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate the apoptotic and anti-proliferative mechanisms of MSCs on a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) murine model. METHODS The growth-inhibitory effect of MSCs on the Hepa 1-6 cell line was tested by means of methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium assay. Eighty female mice were randomized into four groups: group 1 consisted of 20 mice that received MSCs only by intrahepatic injection; group 2 consisted of 20 HCC mice induced by inoculation of Hepa 1-6 cells into livers without MSC treatment; group 3 consisted of 20 mice that received MSCs after induction of liver cancer; group 4 consisted of 20 mice that received MSCs after induction of liver cancer on top of induced biliary cirrhosis. RESULTS MSCs exhibited a growth-inhibitory effect on Hepa 1-6 murine cell line in vitro. Concerning in vivo study, decreases of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and albumin levels after MSC transplantation in groups 2 and 3 were found. Gene expression of α-fetoprotein was significantly downregulated after MSC injection in the HCC groups. We found that gene expression of caspase 3, P21 and P53 was significantly upregulated, whereas gene expression of Bcl-2 and survivin was downregulated in the HCC groups after MSC injection. Liver specimens of the HCC groups confirmed the presence of dysplasia. The histopathological picture was improved after administration of MSCs to groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSIONS MSCs upregulated genes that help apoptosis and downregulated genes that reduce apoptosis. Therefore, MSCs could inhibit cell division of HCC and potentiate their death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somia H Abd-Allah
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sally M Shalaby
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amal S El-Shal
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Eman Abd Elkader
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samia Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Emad Emam
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nehad F Mazen
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohammed El Kateb
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mha Atfy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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El Omar R, Beroud J, Stoltz JF, Menu P, Velot E, Decot V. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: the new gold standard for mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies? TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 20:523-44. [PMID: 24552279 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to their self-renewal capacity, multilineage differentiation potential, paracrine effects, and immunosuppressive properties, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are an attractive and promising tool for regenerative medicine. MSCs can be isolated from various tissues but despite their common immunophenotypic characteristics and functional properties, source-dependent differences in MSCs properties have recently emerged and lead to different clinical applications. Considered for a long time as a medical waste, umbilical cord appears these days as a promising source of MSCs. Several reports have shown that umbilical cord-derived MSCs are more primitive, proliferative, and immunosuppressive than their adult counterparts. In this review, we aim at synthesizing the differences between umbilical cord MSCs and MSCs from other sources (bone marrow, adipose tissue, periodontal ligament, dental pulp,…) with regard to their proliferation capacity, proteic and transcriptomic profiles, and their secretome involved in their regenerative, homing, and immunomodulatory capacities. Although umbilical cord MSCs are until now not particularly used as an MSC source in clinical practice, accumulating evidence shows that they may have a therapeutic advantage to treat several diseases, especially autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reine El Omar
- 1 CNRS UMR UL 7365 , Bâtiment Biopôle, Faculté de médecine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Therapeutic potential of transgenic mesenchymal stem cells engineered to mediate anti-high mobility group box 1 activity: targeting of colon cancer. J Surg Res 2014; 190:134-43. [PMID: 24679698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being developed as a new clinically relevant stem cell type to be recruited into and to repair injured tissue. A number of studies have focused on the therapeutic potential of MSCs by virtue of their immunomodulatory properties. Systemically administered MSCs can also migrate to sites of malignancies. Because of this latter phenomenon, we transfected human MSCs to secrete anti-high mobility group box (HMGB) 1 proteins. They were then injected into mice bearing human colon cancer to evaluate their efficacy as an antineoplastic agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ABOX gene was used in this model, which encodes part of the HMGB1 protein and acts as an HMGB1 antagonist. It was cotransduced by electroporation with a FLAG-tag to visualize the secreted ABOX protein, levels of which in supernatants from cultured transfected MSCs were quantified by immunofluorescence imaging using an anti-FLAG antibody. Antiangiogenic effects were evaluated in vitro using a novel optical assay device for the quantitative measurement of cellular chemotaxis assessing the velocity and direction of endothelial cell movement stimulated by supernatant from tumor cells. We found that ABOX proteins released from transfected MSCs suppressed migration in this assay. Finally, MSCs were injected subcutaneously into Nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mice bearing human colon cancer from a cell line, which secreted large amounts of HMGB1. Ten days after MSC injection, mice were sacrificed and tumors evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS From 12 ho through 7 d after gene transfection, ABOX proteins secreted from MSCs could be detected by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Quantitative measurement of cellular chemotaxis demonstrated that ABOX proteins secreted from transfected MSCs decreased the velocity and interfered with the direction of movement of vascular endothelial cells. Moreover, in an in vivo human colon cancer xenograft model, injection of anti-HMGB1-transfected MSCs resulted in a decreased tumor volume due to the antiangiogenic properties of the secreted ABOX proteins. CONCLUSIONS MSC modified to secrete HMGB1 antagonist proteins have therapeutic antineoplastic potential. These findings may contribute to future novel targeting strategies using autologous bone marrow-derived cells as gene delivery vectors.
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Eldesoqi K, Henrich D, El-Kady AM, Arbid MS, Abd El-Hady BM, Marzi I, Seebach C. Safety evaluation of a bioglass-polylactic acid composite scaffold seeded with progenitor cells in a rat skull critical-size bone defect. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87642. [PMID: 24498345 PMCID: PMC3912065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating large bone defects represents a major challenge in traumatic and orthopedic surgery. Bone tissue engineering provides a promising therapeutic option to improve the local bone healing response. In the present study tissue biocompatibility, systemic toxicity and tumorigenicity of a newly developed composite material consisting of polylactic acid (PLA) and 20% or 40% bioglass (BG20 and BG40), respectively, were analyzed. These materials were seeded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and tested in a rat calvarial critical size defect model for 3 months and compared to a scaffold consisting only of PLA. Serum was analyzed for organ damage markers such as GOT and creatinine. Leukocyte count, temperature and free radical indicators were measured to determine the degree of systemic inflammation. Possible tumor occurrence was assessed macroscopically and histologically in slides of liver, kidney and spleen. Furthermore, the concentrations of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and sodium oxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed as indicators of tumor progression. Qualitative tissue response towards the implants and new bone mass formation was histologically investigated. BG20 and BG40, with or without progenitor cells, did not cause organ damage, long-term systemic inflammatory reactions or tumor formation. BG20 and BG40 supported bone formation, which was further enhanced in the presence of EPCs and MSCs. This investigation reflects good biocompatibility of the biomaterials BG20 and BG40 and provides evidence that additionally seeding EPCs and MSCs onto the scaffold does not induce tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Eldesoqi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe- University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Department of Biomaterial, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe- University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Abeer M. El-Kady
- Department of Biomaterial, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S. Arbid
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe- University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Caroline Seebach
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Goethe- University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Deng Q, Li KY, Chen H, Dai JH, Zhai YY, Wang Q, Li N, Wang YP, Han ZG. RNA interference against cancer/testis genes identifies dual specificity phosphatase 21 as a potential therapeutic target in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2014; 59:518-30. [PMID: 23929653 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cancer/testis (CT) antigens have been considered therapeutic targets for treating cancers. However, a central question is whether their expression contributes to tumorigenesis or if they are functionally irrelevant by-products derived from the process of cellular transformation. In any case, these CT antigens are essential for cancer cell survival and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Recently, the cell-based RNA interference (RNAi) screen has proven to be a powerful approach for identifying potential therapeutic targets. In this study we sought to identify new CT antigens as potential therapeutic targets for human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and 179 potential CT genes on the X chromosome were screened through a bioinformatics analysis of gene expression profiles. Then an RNAi screen against these potential CT genes identified nine that were required for sustaining the survival of Focus and PLC/PRF/5 cells. Among the nine genes, the physiologically testis-restricted dual specificity phosphatase 21 (DUSP21) encoding a dual specificity phosphatase was up-regulated in 39 (33%) of 118 human HCC specimens. Ectopic DUSP21 had no obvious impact on proliferation and colony formation in HCC cells. However, DUSP21 silencing significantly suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, and in vivo tumorigenicity in HCC cells. The administration of adenovirus-mediated RNAi and an atelocollagen/siRNA mixture against endogenous DUSP21 significantly suppressed xenograft HCC tumors in mice. Further investigations showed that DUSP21 knockdown led to arrest of the cell cycle in G1 phase, cell senescence, and expression changes of some factors with functions in the cell cycle and/or senescence. Furthermore, the antiproliferative role of DUSP21 knockdown is through activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in HCC. CONCLUSION DUSP21 plays an important role in sustaining HCC cell proliferation and may thus act as a potential therapeutic target in HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Deng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education) of Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory for Disease and Health Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Yagi H, Kitagawa Y. The role of mesenchymal stem cells in cancer development. Front Genet 2013; 4:261. [PMID: 24348516 PMCID: PMC3842093 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cancer development is still controversial. MSCs may promote tumor progression through immune modulation, but other tumor suppressive effects of MSCs have also beendescribed. The discrepancy between these results may arise from issues related to different tissue sources, individual donor variability, and injection timing of MSCs. The expression of critical receptors such as Toll-like receptor is variable a teach time point of treatment, which may also determine the effects of MSCs on tumor progression. However, factors released from malignant cells, as well as surrounding tissues and the vasculature, are still regarded as a “black box. ” Thus, it is still difficult to clarify the specific role of MSCs in cancer development. Whether MSCs support or suppress tumor progression is currently unclear, but it is clear that systemically administered MSCs can be recruited and migrate toward tumors. These findings are important because they can be used as a basis for initiating studies to explore the incorporation of engineered MSCs as novel anti-tumor carriers, for the development of tumor-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yagi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University Tokyo, Japan
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Wogonoside induces cell cycle arrest and differentiation by affecting expression and subcellular localization of PLSCR1 in AML cells. Blood 2013; 121:3682-91. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-11-466219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Wogonoside induces cell cycle arrest and differentiation. Wogonoside acts by changing PLSCR1 expression and subcellular localization in the nucleus and by PLSCR1-related molecular events.
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Spath C, Schlegel F, Leontyev S, Mohr FW, Dhein S. Inverse Relationship between Tumor Proliferation Markers and Connexin Expression in a Malignant Cardiac Tumor Originating from Mesenchymal Stem Cell Engineered Tissue in a Rat in vivo Model. Front Pharmacol 2013; 4:42. [PMID: 23616767 PMCID: PMC3627979 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2013.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, we demonstrated the beneficial effects of engineered heart tissues for the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy in rats. For further development of this technique we started to produce engineered tissue (ET) from mesenchymal stem cells. Interestingly, we observed a malignant tumor invading the heart with an inverse relationship between proliferation markers and connexin expression. Methods: Commercial CD54+/CD90+/CD34−/CD45− bone marrow derived mesenchymal rat stem cells (cBM-MSC), characterized were used for production of mesenchymal stem-cell-ET (MSC-ET) by suspending them in a collagen I, matrigel-mixture and cultivating for 14 days with electrical stimulation. Three MSC-ET were implanted around the beating heart of adult rats for days. Another three MSC-ET were produced from freshly isolated rat bone marrow derived stem cells (sBM-MSC). Results: Three weeks after implantation of the MSC-ETs the hearts were surgically excised. While in 5/6 cases the ET was clearly distinguishable and was found as a ring containing mostly connective tissue around the heart, in 1/6 the heart was completely surrounded by a huge, undifferentiated, pleomorphic tumor originating from the cMSC-ET (cBM-MSC), classified as a high grade malignant sarcoma. Quantitatively we found a clear inverse relationship between cardiac connexin expression (Cx43, Cx40, or Cx45) and increased Ki-67 expression (Cx43: p < 0.0001, Cx45: p < 0.03, Cx40: p < 0.014). At the tumor-heart border there were significantly more Ki-67 positive cells (p = 0.001), and only 2% Cx45 and Ki-67-expressing cells, while the other connexins were nearly completely absent (p < 0.0001). Conclusion and Hypothesis: These observations strongly suggest the hypothesis, that invasive tumor growth is accompanied by reduction in connexins. This implicates that gap junction communication between tumor and normal tissue is reduced or absent, which could mean that growth and differentiation signals can not be exchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathleen Spath
- Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine Leipzig, Germany
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Chen F, Zhou K, Zhang L, Ma F, Chen D, Cui J, Feng X, Yang S, Chi Y, Han Z, Xue F, Rong L, Ge M, Wan L, Xu S, Du W, Lu S, Ren H, Han Z. Mesenchymal stem cells induce granulocytic differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemic cells via IL-6 and MEK/ERK pathways. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1955-67. [PMID: 23391335 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces clinical remission in most acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients by inducing terminal differentiation of APL cells toward mature granulocytes. Here we report that human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are capable of inducing granulocytic differentiation of the APL-derived NB4 cell line as well as primary APL cells and also cooperate with ATRA in an additive manner. Transwell coculture experiments revealed that UC-MSCs' differentiation-inducing effect was mediated through some soluble factors. Differentiation attenuation by IL-6Ra neutralization and induction by addition of exogenous IL-6 confirmed that IL-6 secreted by UC-MSCs was at least partially responsible for this differentiation induction process. Moreover, we found that UC-MSCs activated the MEK/ERK signaling pathway in promyelocytic cells and pharmacological inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway reversed UC-MSC-induced differentiation, indicating that UC-MSCs exerted effect through activation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. These results demonstrate for the first time a stimulatory effect of MSCs on the differentiation of APL cells and bring a new insight into the interaction between MSCs and leukemic cells. Our data suggest that UC-MSCs/ATRA combination could be used as a novel therapeutic strategy for APL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Preactivation of Human MSCs with TNF-α Enhances Tumor-Suppressive Activity. Cell Stem Cell 2012; 11:825-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Safety of mesenchymal stem cells for clinical application. Stem Cells Int 2012; 2012:652034. [PMID: 22685475 PMCID: PMC3363282 DOI: 10.1155/2012/652034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise as therapeutic agents in regenerative medicine and autoimmune diseases, based on their differentiation abilities and immunosuppressive properties. However, the therapeutic applications raise a series of questions about the safety of culture-expanded MSCs for human use. This paper summarized recent findings about safety issues of MSCs, in particular their genetic stability in long-term in vitro expansion, their cryopreservation, banking, and the role of serum in the preparation of MSCs.
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Gatidis S, Zelenak C, Fajol A, Lang E, Jilani K, Michael D, Qadri SM, Lang F. p38 MAPK activation and function following osmotic shock of erythrocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem 2011; 28:1279-86. [PMID: 22179015 DOI: 10.1159/000335859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
p38 protein kinase is activated by hyperosmotic shock, participates in the regulation of cell volume sensitive transport and metabolism and is involved in the regulation of various physiological functions including cell proliferation and apoptosis. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may undergo suicidal death or eryptosis, which is paralleled by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface. Triggers of eryptosis include hyperosmotic shock, which increases cytosolic Ca(2+) activity and ceramide formation. The present study explored whether p38 kinase is expressed in human erythrocytes, is activated by hyperosmotic shock and participates in the regulation of eryptosis. Western blotting was utilized to determine phosphorylation of p38 kinase, forward scatter to estimate cell volume, annexin V binding to depict phosphatidylserine exposure and Fluo3 fluorescence to estimate cytosolic Ca(2+) activity. As a result, erythrocytes express p38 kinase, which is phosphorylated upon osmotic shock (+550 mM sucrose). Osmotic shock decreased forward scatter, increased annexin V binding and increased Fluo3 fluorescence, all effects significantly blunted by the p38 kinase inhibitors SB203580 (2 μM) and p38 Inh III (1 μM). In conclusion, p38 kinase is expressed in erythrocytes and participates in the machinery triggering eryptosis following hyperosmotic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergios Gatidis
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Mesenchymal stem cells: angels or demons? J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:459510. [PMID: 21822372 PMCID: PMC3142786 DOI: 10.1155/2011/459510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in cell-based therapy in various disease conditions such as graft-versus-host and heart diseases, osteogenesis imperfecta, and spinal cord injuries, and the results have been encouraging. However, as MSC therapy gains popularity among practitioners and researchers, there have been reports on the adverse effects of MSCs especially in the context of tumour modulation and malignant transformation. These cells have been found to enhance tumour growth and metastasis in some studies and have been related to anticancer-drug resistance in other instances. In addition, various studies have also reported spontaneous malignant transformation of MSCs. The mechanism of the modulatory behaviour and the tumorigenic potential of MSCs, warrant urgent exploration, and the use of MSCs in patients with cancer awaits further evaluation. However, if MSCs truly play a role in tumour modulation, they can also be potential targets of cancer treatment.
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