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Yousef EH, El-Mesery ME, Habeeb MR, Eissa LA. Diosgenin potentiates the anticancer effect of doxorubicin and volasertib via regulating polo-like kinase 1 and triggering apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4883-4894. [PMID: 38165424 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02894-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A common approach to cancer therapy is the combination of a natural product with chemotherapy to overcome sustained cell proliferation and chemotherapy resistance obstacles. Diosgenin (DG) is a phytosteroidal saponin that is naturally present in a vast number of plants and has been shown to exert anti-cancer activities against several tumor cells. Herein, we assessed the chemo-modulatory effects of DG on volasertib (Vola) as a polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor and doxorubicin (DOX) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. DOX and Vola were applied to two human HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Huh-7) alone or in combination with DG. The cell viability was determined, and gene expressions of PLK1, PCNA, P53, caspase-3, and PARP1 were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Moreover, apoptosis induction was determined by measuring active caspase-3 level using ELISA method. DG enhanced the anticancer effects of Vola and DOX. Moreover, DG enhanced Vola- and DOX-induced cell death by downregulating the expressions of PLK1 and PCNA, elevating the expressions of P53 and active caspase-3. DG showed promising chemo-modulatory effects to Vola and DOX against HCC that may be attributed partly to the downregulation of PLK1 and PCNA, upregulation of tumor suppressor protein P53, and apoptosis induction. Thus, DG combination with chemotherapy may be a promising treatment approach for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman H Yousef
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, Damietta, 34511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed E El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Maha R Habeeb
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Laila A Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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2
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Abtahi MS, Fotouhi A, Rezaei N, Akalin H, Ozkul Y, Hossein-Khannazer N, Vosough M. Nano-based drug delivery systems in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Drug Target 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38847573 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2365937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
The high recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and poor prognosis after medical treatment reflects the necessity to improve the current chemotherapy protocols, particularly drug delivery methods. Development of targeted and efficient drug delivery systems (DDSs), in all active, passive and stimuli-responsive forms for selective delivery of therapeutic drugs to the tumour site has been extended to improve efficacy and reduce the severe side effects. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer promising breakthroughs in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of cancer cells. In this review, the specific design of DDSs based on the different nano-particles and their surface engineering is discussed. In addition, the innovative clinical studies in which nano-based DDS was used in the treatment of HCC were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sadat Abtahi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Fotouhi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rezaei
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hilal Akalin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Ozkul
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abusaliya A, Bhosale PB, Kim HH, Park MY, Jeong SH, Lee S, Kim GS. Investigation of prunetrin induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via Akt/mTOR/MAPK pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116483. [PMID: 38552440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as a leading cause of mortality, and despite recent advancements in the overall survival rates, the prognosis remains dismal. Prunetin 4-O-glucoside (Prunetrin or PUR), an active compound derived from Prunus sp., was explored for its impact on HepG2 and Huh7 cells. The cytotoxicity assessment revealed a notable reduction in cell viability in both cell lines, while exhibiting non-toxicity towards HaCaT cells. Colony formation studies underscored PUR's inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, dose-dependently. Mechanistically, PUR downregulated cell cycle proteins (CDC25c, Cdk1/CDC2, and Cyclin B1), inducing G2/M phase arrest, corroborated by flow cytometry. Western blot analyses exhibited dose-dependent cleavages of PARP and caspase 3, indicative of apoptosis. Treatment with the apoptotic inhibitor z-vmd-fmk provided evidence of PUR-induced apoptosis. Annexin V and PI flow cytometry further affirmed apoptotic induction. Enhanced expression of cleaved-caspase 9 and the pro-apoptotic protein Bak, coupled with reduced anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL, and affirmed PUR's induction of intrinsic apoptosis. Additionally, PUR activated the MAPK pathway, evidenced by elevated phospho p38 and phospho ERK expressions in both cell lines. Notably, a concentration-dependent decrease in mTOR and Akt expressions indicated PUR's inhibition of the Akt/mTOR pathway in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. These findings illuminate PUR's multifaceted impact, revealing its potential as a promising therapeutic agent against HepG2 and Huh7 cells through modulation of cell cycle, apoptosis, and key signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abuyaseer Abusaliya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Yeong Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyo Jeong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sijoon Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 80 Chombok-ro, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang R, Yuan J, Liu S, Torraca V, Liao Z, Wu Y, Tan H, Yao X, Hou X, Lyu H, Xiao S, Guo D, Ali DW, Michalak M, Chen XZ, Zhou C, Tang J. ILKAP Promotes the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Inhibiting β-Catenin Degradation and Enhancing the WNT Signaling Pathway. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300117. [PMID: 38379270 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and HCC-related deaths have remarkably increased over the recent decades. It has been reported that β-catenin activation can be frequently observed in HCC cases. This study identified the integrin-linked kinase-associated phosphatase (ILKAP) as a novel β-catenin-interacting protein. ILKAP is localized both in the nucleus and cytoplasm and regulates the WNT pathway in different ways. First, it is demonstrated that ILKAP activates the WNT pathway in HCC cells by increasing the protein level of β-catenin and other proteins associated with the WNT signaling, such as c-Myc and CyclinD1. Next, it is shown that ILKAP promotes the metastasis of HCC both in vitro and in vivo in a zebrafish xenograft model. It is also found that ILKAP dephosphorylates the GSK3β and CK1, contributing to the reduced ubiquitination of β-catenin. Furthermore, it is identified that ILKAP functions by mediating binding between TCF4 and β-catenin to enhance expression of WNT target genes. Taken together, the study demonstrates a critical function of ILKAP in metastasis of HCC, since ILKAP is crucial for the activation of the WNT pathway via stabilization of β-catenin and increased binding between TCF4 and β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Jinglei Yuan
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Shicheng Liu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Vincenzo Torraca
- School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1B 2HW, UK
| | - Zhiquan Liao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yueyan Wu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hongfei Tan
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Xia Yao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Xueyang Hou
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Dong Guo
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Declan William Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Cefan Zhou
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
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Lee JA, Choi HG, Eun HS, Bu J, Jang TM, Lee J, Son CY, Kim MS, Rou WS, Kim SH, Lee BS, Kim HN, Lee TH, Jeon HJ. Programmed Death 1 and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Can Serve as Prognostic Biomarkers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1493. [PMID: 38672574 PMCID: PMC11048418 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive form of liver cancer with poor prognosis. The lack of reliable biomarkers for early detection and accurate diagnosis and prognosis poses a significant challenge to its effective clinical management. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in HCC. PD-1 and CTLA-4 gene expression was analyzed comparatively using PBMCs collected from HCC patients and healthy individuals. The results revealed higher PD-1 gene expression levels in patients with multifocal tumors, lymphatic invasion, or distant metastasis than those in their control counterparts. However, conventional serum biomarkers of liver function do not exhibit similar correlations. In conclusion, PD-1 gene expression is associated with OS and PFS and CTLA-4 gene expression is associated with OS, whereas the serum biomarkers analyzed in this study show no significant correlation with survival in HCC. Hence, PD-1 and CTLA-4 expressed in PBMCs are considered potential prognostic biomarkers for patients with HCC that can facilitate prediction of malignancy, response to currently available HCC treatments, and overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ah Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (J.A.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Hei-Gwon Choi
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.-G.C.); (H.S.E.); (H.N.K.)
| | - Hyuk Soo Eun
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.-G.C.); (H.S.E.); (H.N.K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (W.S.R.); (S.H.K.); (B.S.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Bu
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (J.A.L.); (J.B.)
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (T.M.J.); (C.Y.S.)
| | - Tae Min Jang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (T.M.J.); (C.Y.S.)
| | - Jeongdong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu Health College, 15 Yeongsong-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41453, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Chae Yeon Son
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; (T.M.J.); (C.Y.S.)
| | - Min Seok Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu Health College, 15 Yeongsong-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41453, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Woo Sun Rou
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (W.S.R.); (S.H.K.); (B.S.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, 20, Bodeum 7-ro, Sejong 30099, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (W.S.R.); (S.H.K.); (B.S.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (W.S.R.); (S.H.K.); (B.S.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Neul Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (H.-G.C.); (H.S.E.); (H.N.K.)
| | - Tae Hee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu Health College, 15 Yeongsong-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41453, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Hong Jae Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (W.S.R.); (S.H.K.); (B.S.L.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, 20, Bodeum 7-ro, Sejong 30099, Republic of Korea
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Raghav A, Jeong GB. Nanoquercetin and Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Anticancer Therapeutics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2024; 13:638. [PMID: 38607076 PMCID: PMC11011524 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite world-class sophisticated technologies, robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning approaches, cancer-associated mortalities and morbidities have shown continuous increments posing a healthcare burden. Drug-based interventions were associated with systemic toxicities and several limitations. Natural bioactive compounds derived nanoformulations, especially nanoquercetin (nQ), are alternative options to overcome drug-associated limitations. Moreover, the EVs-based cargo targeted delivery of nQ can have enormous potential in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). EVs-based nQ delivery synergistically regulates and dysregulates several pathways, including NF-κB, p53, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/AKT, along with PBX3/ERK1/2/CDK2, and miRNAs intonation. Furthermore, discoveries on possible checkpoints of anticancer signaling pathways were studied, which might lead to the development of modified EVs infused with nQ for the development of innovative treatments for HCC. In this work, we abridged the control of such signaling systems using a synergetic strategy with EVs and nQ. The governing roles of extracellular vesicles controlling the expression of miRNAs were investigated, particularly in relation to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Goo Bo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 155 Getbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea;
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Tan J, Yu Y, Lin X, He Y, Jin W, Qian H, Li Y, Xu X, Zhao Y, Ning J, Zhang Z, Chen J, Wu X. OHCCPredictor: an online risk stratification model for predicting survival duration of older patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:550-567. [PMID: 37067674 PMCID: PMC11014809 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the elderly constitute more than a third of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, they have not been adequately represented in treatment and prognosis studies. Thus, there is not enough evidence to guide the treatment of such patients. The objective of this study is to identify the prognostic factors of older patients with HCC and to construct a new prognostic model for predicting their overall survival (OS). METHODS 2,721 HCC patients aged ≥ 65 were extracted from the public database-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and randomly divided into a training set and an internal validation set with a ratio of 7:3. 101 patients diagnosed from 2008 to 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine were identified as the external validation set. Univariate cox regression analyses and multivariate cox regression analyses were adopted to identify these independent prognostic factors. A predictive nomogram-based risk stratification model was proposed and evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves, and a decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS These attributes including age, sex, marital status, T stage, N stage, surgery, chemotherapy, tumor size, alpha-fetoprotein level, fibrosis score, bone metastasis, lung metastasis, and grade were the independent prognostic factors for older patients with HCC while predicting survival duration. We found that the nomogram provided a good assessment of OS at 1, 3, and 5 years in older patients with HCC (1-year OS: (training set: AUC = 0.823 (95%CI 0.803-0.845); internal validation set: AUC = 0.847 (95%CI 0.818-0.876); external validation set: AUC = 0.732 (95%CI 0.521-0.943)); 3-year OS: (training set: AUC = 0.813 (95%CI 0.790-0.837); internal validation set: AUC = 0.844 (95%CI 0.812-0.876); external validation set: AUC = 0.780 (95%CI 0.674-0.887)); 5-year OS: (training set: AUC = 0.839 (95%CI 0.806-0.872); internal validation set: AUC = 0.800 (95%CI 0.751-0.849); external validation set: AUC = 0.821 (95%CI 0.727-0.914)). The calibration curves showed that the nomogram was with strong calibration. The DCA indicated that the nomogram can be used as an effective tool in clinical practice. The risk stratification of all subgroups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the stratification analysis of surgery, larger resection (LR) achieved a better survival curve than local destruction (LD), but a worse one than segmental resection (SR) and liver transplantation (LT) (p < 0.0001). With the consideration of the friendship to clinicians, we further developed an online interface (OHCCPredictor) for such a predictive function ( https://juntaotan.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp_hcc/ ). With such an easily obtained online tool, clinicians will be provided helpful assistance in formulating personalized therapy to assess the prognosis of older patients with HCC. CONCLUSIONS Age, sex, marital status, T stage, N stage, surgery, chemotherapy, tumor size, AFP level, fibrosis score, bone metastasis, lung metastasis, and grade were independent prognostic factors for elderly patients with HCC. The constructed nomogram model based on the above factors could accurately predict the prognosis of such patients. Besides, the developed online web interface of the predictive model provide easily obtained access for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Tan
- Operation Management Office, Affiliated Banan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401320, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Senior Bioinformatician Department of Quantitative, Health Sciences Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, US
| | - Xiantian Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qing Chun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Yuxin He
- Department of Medical Administration, Affiliated Banan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401320, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Medical Records Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hong Qian
- Medical Records Department, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Medical Administration, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xiaomei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Yuxi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qing Chun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Jianwen Ning
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhang
- Medical Records Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Digital Urban Governance, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qing Chun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
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8
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Wu H, Zhang XH, Wang LP, Tian HD, Liu GR, Yang DH, Liu SL. Successful Outcome of a Patient with Concomitant Pancreatic and Renal Carcinoma Receiving Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside Therapy Alone: A Case Report. Int Med Case Rep J 2024; 17:167-175. [PMID: 38504721 PMCID: PMC10949998 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s446184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pancreatic cancer (PC) is among the deadliest malignancies. Kidney cancer (KC) is a common malignancy globally. Chemo- or radio-therapies are not very effective to control PC or KC, and overdoses often cause severe site reactions to the patients. As a result, novel treatment strategies with high efficacy but without toxic side effects are urgently desired. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) belongs to plant lignans with potential anticancer activities, but clinical evidence is not available in PC or KC treatment. Patient Concerns We report a rare case of an 83-year-old female patient with pancreatic and kidney occupying lesions that lacked the conditions to receive surgery or chemo- or radiotherapy. Diagnosis Pancreatic and kidney cancers. Interventions We gave dietary SDG to the patient as the only therapeutics. Outcomes SDG effectively halted progression of both PC and KC. All clinical manifestations, including bad insomnia, loss of appetite, stomach symptoms, and skin itching over the whole body, all disappeared. The initial massive macroscopic hematuria became microscopic and infrequent, and other laboratory results also gradually returned to normal. Most of the cancer biomarkers, initially high such as CEA, CA199, CA724, CA125, came down rapidly, among which CA199 changed most radically. This patient has had progression-free survival of one year so far. Conclusion These results demonstrate the potent inhibitory effects of SDG on PC and KC of this patient and provide promising novel therapeutics for refractory malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hua Zhang
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- KangYuan Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Xun-Qi Medicine Clinic, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Da Tian
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gui-Rong Liu
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong-Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Genomics Research Center (State-Province Key Laboratory of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota and Pharmacogenomics of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- KangYuan Hospital, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Xun-Qi Medicine Clinic, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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9
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Du S. Integrated analysis of lactate-related genes identifies POLRMT as a novel marker promoting the proliferation, migration and energy metabolism of hepatocellular carcinoma via Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1316-1337. [PMID: 38590398 PMCID: PMC10998737 DOI: 10.62347/zttg4319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and deadly form of cancer globally with typically unfavorable outcomes. Increasing research suggests that lactate serves as an important carbon contributor to cellular metabolism and holds a crucial part in the progression, sustenance, and treatment response of tumors. However, the contribution of lactate-related genes (LRGs) in HCC is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed TCGA datasets and screened 21 differentially expressed LRGs related to long-term survivals in HCC patients. Pan-cancer assays revealed that 21 LRGs expression exhibited a dysregulated level in man types of tumors and associated with clinical prognosis of tumor patients. The analysis of 21 LRGs successfully classified HCC samples into two molecular subtypes, and these two subtypes showed significant differences in clinical information, gene expression, and immune characteristics. Subsequently, based on the aforementioned 21 LRGs, a novel prognostic signature (DTYMK, IRAK1, POLRMT, MPV17, UQCRH, PDSS1, SLC16A3, SPP1 and LDHD) was generated by LASSO-Cox regression analysis. Survival assays demonstrated that the signature performed well in predicting the overall survival of patients with HCC. The results of Gene Set Variation Analysis indicated that the high GSVA scores were associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, we also investigated the correlation between GSVA scores and various signaling pathways in HCC. Among the nine prognostic genes, our attention focused on POLRMT which was highly expressed in HCC specimens based on TCGA datasets and several HCC cell lines. In addition, functional assays indicated that POLRMT distinctly promoted the proliferation, migration and energy metabolism of HCC cells via regulating Wnt/β-Catenin signaling. Overall, through the establishment of a novel prognostic signature, we have provided potential clinical value for assessing the prognosis of HCC patients. Furthermore, our study has identified the high expression of POLRMT in HCC and demonstrated its crucial role in HCC cell proliferation. These findings hold great importance in advancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of HCC, identifying new therapeutic targets, and improving patient survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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10
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Barman S, Bardhan I, Padhan J, Sudhamalla B. Integrated virtual screening and MD simulation approaches toward discovering potential inhibitors for targeting BRPF1 bromodomain in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 126:108642. [PMID: 37797430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive and life-threatening cancers. Although multiple treatment options are available, the prognosis of HCC patients is poor due to metastasis and drug resistance. Hence, discovering novel targets is essential for better therapeutic development for HCC. In this study, we used the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset to analyze the expression of bromodomain-containing proteins in HCC, as bromodomains are emerging attractive therapeutic targets. Our analysis identified BRPF1 as the most highly upregulated gene in HCC among the 43 bromodomain-containing genes. Upregulation of BRPF1 was significantly associated with poorer patient survival. Therefore, targeting BRPF1 may be an approach for HCC treatment. Previously, several potential inhibitors of BRPF1 bromodomain have been discovered. However, due to the limited clinical success of the current inhibitors, we aim to search for new inhibitors with high affinity and specificity for the BRPF1 bromodomain. In this study, we utilized high-throughput virtual screening methods to screen synthetic and natural compound databases against the BRPF1 bromodomain. In addition, we used machine learning-based QSAR modeling to predict the IC50 values of the selected BRPF1 bromodomain inhibitors. Extensive MD simulations were used to calculate the binding free energies of BRPF1 bromodomain and inhibitor complexes. Using this approach, we identified four lead scaffolds with a similar or better binding affinity towards the BRPF1 bromodomain than the previously reported inhibitors. Overall, this study discovered some promising compounds that have the potential to act as potent BRPF1 bromodomain inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Barman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Ishita Bardhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Padhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Babu Sudhamalla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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11
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Kuang T, Ma W, Zhang J, Yu J, Deng W, Dong K, Wang W. Construction of a Nomogram to Predict Overall Survival in Patients with Early-Onset Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5310. [PMID: 38001570 PMCID: PMC10670167 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a widespread and impactful cancer which has pertinent implications worldwide. Although most cases of HCC are typically diagnosed in individuals aged ≥60 years, there has been a notable rise in the occurrence of HCC among younger patients. However, there is a scarcity of precise prognostic models available for predicting outcomes in these younger patients. A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate early-onset hepatocellular carcinoma (EO-LIHC) using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2018. The analysis included 1392 patients from the SEER database and our hospital. Among them, 1287 patients from the SEER database were assigned to the training cohort (n = 899) and validation cohort 1 (n = 388), while 105 patients from our hospital were assigned to validation cohort 2. A Cox regression analysis showed that age, sex, AFP, grade, stage, tumor size, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent risk factors. The nomogram developed in this study demonstrated its discriminatory ability to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates in EO-LIHC patients based on individual characteristics. Additionally, a web-based OS prediction model specifically tailored for EO-LIHC patients was created and validated. Overall, these advancements contribute to improved decision-making and personalized care for individuals with EO-LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrui Kuang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wangbin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wenhong Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Keshuai Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Weixing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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12
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Deng M, Cai H, He B, Guan R, Lee C, Guo R. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy versus transarterial chemoembolization, potential conversion therapies for single huge hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective comparison study. Int J Surg 2023; 109:3303-3311. [PMID: 37578432 PMCID: PMC10651280 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) for huge single hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully documented. The aim of this study was to compare TACE and HAIC for patients with solitary nodular HCCs greater than or equal to 10 cm without vascular invasion and metastasis. METHODS From July 2015 to June 2020, a total of 147 patients with single nodular HCC greater than or equal to 10 cm without vascular invasion and metastasis receiving TACE ( n =77) or HAIC ( n =70) were retrospectively enrolled. The tumor response, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were investigated and compared. The treatment outcome of two transarterial interventional therapies was explored. RESULTS The objective response rate and PFS were higher in patients who received HAIC than in those who received TACE (44.3 vs. 10.4% and 8.9 vs. 4.2 months, respectively; P =0.001 and P =0.030), whereas the disease control rate and OS were not significantly different (92.9 vs. 84.4% and 21.3 vs. 26.6 months, respectively; P =0.798 and P =0.749). The decreased levels of alpha-fetoprotein and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) in patients treated with HAIC were significantly higher than those treated with TACE ( P =0.038 and P <0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index was associated with OS, whereas albumin-bilirubin grade and PIVKA-II were associated with PFS. CONCLUSIONS HAIC has better potential than TACE to control local tumors for huge single HCC without vascular invasion and metastasis and thus may be the preferred conversion therapy for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen
| | - Hao Cai
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Benyi He
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Renguo Guan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Carol Lee
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongping Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
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13
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Zeng Y, Jiang H, Zhang X, Xu J, Wu X, Xu Q, Cai W, Ying H, Zhou R, Ding Y, Ying K, Song X, Chen Z, Zeng L, Zhao L, Yu F. Canagliflozin reduces chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma through PKM2-c-Myc complex-mediated glutamine starvation. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:571-586. [PMID: 37696420 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CPT) is one of the standard treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its use is limits as a monotherapy due to drug resistance, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To solve this problem, we tried using canagliflozin (CANA), a clinical drug for diabetes, to reduce chemoresistance to CPT, and the result showed that CANA could vigorously inhibit cell proliferation and migration independent of the original target SGLT2. Mechanistically, CANA reduced aerobic glycolysis in HCC by targeting PKM2. The downregulated PKM2 directly bound to the transcription factor c-Myc in the cytoplasm to form a complex, which upregulated the level of phosphorylated c-Myc Thr58 and promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of c-Myc. Decreased c-Myc reduced the expression of GLS1, a key enzyme in glutamine metabolism, leading to impaired glutamine utilization. Finally, intracellular glutamine starvation induced ferroptosis and sensitized HCC to CPT. In conclusion, our study showed that CANA re-sensitized HCC to CPT by inducing ferroptosis through dual effects on glycolysis and glutamine metabolism. This is a novel mechanism to increase chemosensitivity, which may provide compatible chemotherapy drugs for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoran Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weimin Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huiya Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruoru Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingrong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kanglei Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xian Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuoyan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liuwei Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luying Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fujun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wang N, Xu Q, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Chen A, Chen L, Sheng L, Song Q, Wang F, Guo Y, Liu A. Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics based on contrast-enhanced MRI for preoperatively predicting treatment response of transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1026. [PMID: 37875815 PMCID: PMC10594790 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noninvasive and precise methods to estimate treatment response and identify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who could benefit from transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are urgently required. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) to preoperatively predict tumor response to TACE in HCC patients. METHODS A total of 138 patients with HCC who received TACE were retrospectively included and randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 7:3. Total 1206 radiomics features were extracted from arterial, venous, and delayed phases images. The inter- and intraclass correlation coefficients, the spearman's rank correlation test, and the gradient boosting decision tree algorithm were used for radiomics feature selection. Radiomics models on intratumoral region (TR) and peritumoral region (PTR) (3 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm) were established using logistic regression. Three integrated radiomics models, including intratumoral and peritumoral region (T-PTR) (3 mm), T-PTR (5 mm), and T-PTR (10 mm) models, were constructed using TR and PTR radiomics scores. A clinical-radiological model and a combined model incorporating the optimal radiomics score and selected clinical-radiological predictors were constructed, and the combined model was presented as a nomogram. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical utilities were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis, respectively. RESULTS The T-PTR radiomics models performed better than the TR and PTR models, and the T-PTR (3 mm) radiomics model demonstrated preferable performance with the AUCs of 0.884 (95%CI, 0.821-0.936) and 0.911 (95%CI, 0.825-0.975) in both training and validation cohorts. The T-PTR (3 mm) radiomics score, alkaline phosphatase, tumor size, and satellite nodule were fused to construct a combined nomogram. The combined nomogram [AUC: 0.910 (95%CI, 0.854-0.958) and 0.918 (95%CI, 0.831-0.986)] outperformed the clinical-radiological model [AUC: 0.789 (95%CI, 0.709-0.863) and 0.782 (95%CI, 0.660-0.902)] in the both cohorts and achieved good calibration capability and clinical utility. CONCLUSIONS CE-MRI-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics approach can provide an effective tool for the precise and individualized estimation of treatment response for HCC patients treated with TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qihao Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- College of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinghong Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qinhe Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- College of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Anliang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Liuji Sheng
- College of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Guo
- GE Healthcare (China), Shanghai, China
| | - Ailian Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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15
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Tojjari A, Saeed A, Singh M, Cavalcante L, Sahin IH, Saeed A. A Comprehensive Review on Cancer Vaccines and Vaccine Strategies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1357. [PMID: 37631925 PMCID: PMC10459477 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
HCC, the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, presents a substantial global health challenge due to its high mortality and limited therapeutic options. This review delves into the potential of cancer vaccines as a novel therapeutic avenue for HCC. We examine the various categories of cancer vaccines, including peptide-based, dendritic cell-based, viral vector-based, DNA, and mRNA vaccines, and their potential application in HCC management. This review also addresses the inherent challenges in vaccine development, such as tumor heterogeneity and the need for identifying tumor-specific antigens. We underscore the role of cancer vaccines in reshaping the immune environment within HCC, fostering durable immune memory, and their potential in combination therapies. The review also evaluates clinical trials and emphasizes the necessity for more extensive research to optimize vaccine design and patient selection criteria. We conclude with future perspectives, highlighting the significance of personalized therapies, innovative antigen delivery platforms, immune modulatory agents, and predictive biomarkers in revolutionizing HCC treatment. Simple Summary: This review explores the potential of cancer vaccines as a promising therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a prevalent and deadly liver cancer. The authors discuss various types of cancer vaccines, their challenges, and their role in modulating the immune response within HCC. They also highlight clinical trials and future perspectives, emphasizing the importance of personalized therapies, novel antigen delivery platforms, and predictive biomarkers. The findings from this research could significantly impact the research community by providing a comprehensive understanding of the current state of cancer vaccines for HCC, thereby guiding future research and potentially transforming HCC treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tojjari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.T.); (M.S.); (I.H.S.)
| | - Ahmed Saeed
- Sarah Cannon Cancer Institute, HCA Midwest Health, Kansas City, MO 64131, USA;
| | - Meghana Singh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.T.); (M.S.); (I.H.S.)
| | | | - Ibrahim Halil Sahin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.T.); (M.S.); (I.H.S.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anwaar Saeed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (A.T.); (M.S.); (I.H.S.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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16
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Ozer M, Goksu SY, Lin RY, Ayasun R, Kahramangil D, Rogers SC, Fabregas JC, Ramnaraign BH, George TJ, Feely M, Cabrera R, Duarte S, Zarrinpar A, Sahin I. Effects of Clinical and Tumor Characteristics on Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Bone Metastasis. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:1129-1141. [PMID: 37489126 PMCID: PMC10363394 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s417273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally has a dismal prognosis. Bone metastases from HCC are infrequent, with a poorer prognosis. However, the survival influencing factors are not yet well understood. Aim The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical features and tumor characteristics of HCC patients with bone metastasis. Methods A cohort of 170,576 adult patients with HCC was studied using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) spanning from 2010 to 2019, and within this group, 5285 patients (3.1%) were diagnosed with bone metastasis. We performed the Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the median overall survival (OS). We included demographics (age at diagnosis, gender, race, insurance status), comorbidity score, and treatment characteristics. Results Of a total of 5285 HCC patients with bone metastasis, 86.2% were male and 61.2% were non-Hispanic white. Most patients (55.1%) were below 65, and 89% had a total Charlson-Deyo comorbidity score of under 3. Among patients with known tumor grade, 24.8% had well-differentiated tumors, and 36.1% had poorly differentiated tumors. Chemotherapy was administrated to 39.5% of patients. In univariate analysis, patients with well-differentiated tumors had better OS compared to poorly differentiated tumors (5.4 months vs 3.0 months, p = 0.001). Patients who received single or multiagent chemotherapy were significantly associated with improved OS compared to patients who did not receive chemotherapy (7.0 and 8.5 months vs 1.94 months, respectively). We also found mortality difference between age, comorbidity scores, facility types and race groups. Conclusion In this cohort analysis of NCDB data, we found better OS in treatment receipt, lower tumor grade, younger age, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic race, treatment at academic facility and lower comorbidity score in HCC patients with bone metastasis. The study results may have a consequential impact on the treatment decisions for HCC patients with bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ozer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suleyman Yasin Goksu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rick Y Lin
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ruveyda Ayasun
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doga Kahramangil
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sherise C Rogers
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jesus C Fabregas
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brian H Ramnaraign
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas J George
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Michael Feely
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Roniel Cabrera
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sergio Duarte
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ali Zarrinpar
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ilyas Sahin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
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17
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Devan AR, Nair B, Aryan MK, Liju VB, Koshy JJ, Mathew B, Valsan A, Kim H, Nath LR. Decoding Immune Signature to Detect the Risk for Early-Stage HCC Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2729. [PMID: 37345066 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often recognized as an inflammation-linked cancer, which possesses an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Curative treatments such as surgical resection, liver transplantation, and percutaneous ablation are mainly applicable in the early stage and demonstrate significant improvement of survival rate in most patients. However, 70-80% of patients report HCC recurrence within 5 years of curative treatment, representing an important clinical issue. However, there is no effective recurrence marker after surgical and locoregional therapies, thus, tumor size, number, and histological features such as cancer cell differentiation are often considered as risk factors for HCC recurrence. Host immunity plays a critical role in regulating carcinogenesis, and the immune microenvironment characterized by its composition, functional status, and density undergoes significant alterations in each stage of cancer progression. Recent studies reported that analysis of immune contexture could yield valuable information regarding the treatment response, prognosis and recurrence. This review emphasizes the prognostic value of tumors associated with immune factors in HCC recurrence after curative treatment. In particular, we review the immune landscape and immunological factors contributing to early-stage HCC recurrence, and discuss the immunotherapeutic interventions to prevent tumor recurrence following curative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy R Devan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | | | - Vijayastelar B Liju
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Joel Joy Koshy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Arun Valsan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Epatology, Amrita Institute of Medical Science, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, and Research Institute of Life Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, Kerala, India
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18
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Stulpinas R, Zilenaite-Petrulaitiene D, Rasmusson A, Gulla A, Grigonyte A, Strupas K, Laurinavicius A. Prognostic Value of CD8+ Lymphocytes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Perineoplastic Parenchyma Assessed by Interface Density Profiles in Liver Resection Samples. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020366. [PMID: 36672317 PMCID: PMC9857181 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often emerges in the setting of long-standing inflammatory liver disease. CD8 lymphocytes are involved in both the antitumoral response and hepatocyte damage in the remaining parenchyma. We investigated the dual role of CD8 lymphocytes by assessing density profiles at the interfaces of both HCC and perineoplastic liver parenchyma with surrounding stroma in whole-slide immunohistochemistry images of surgical resection samples. We applied a hexagonal grid-based digital image analysis method to sample the interface zones and compute the CD8 density profiles within them. The prognostic value of the indicators was explored in the context of clinicopathological, peripheral blood testing, and surgery data. Independent predictors of worse OS were a low standard deviation of CD8+ density along the tumor edge, high mean CD8+ density within the epithelial aspect of the perineoplastic liver-stroma interface, longer duration of surgery, a higher level of aspartate transaminase (AST), and a higher basophil count in the peripheral blood. A combined score, derived from these five independent predictors, enabled risk stratification of the patients into three prognostic categories with a 5-year OS probability of 76%, 40%, and 8%. Independent predictors of longer RFS were stage pT1, shorter duration of surgery, larger tumor size, wider tumor-free margin, and higher mean CD8+ density in the epithelial aspect of the tumor-stroma interface. We conclude that (1) our computational models reveal independent and opposite prognostic impacts of CD8+ cell densities at the interfaces of the malignant and non-malignant epithelium interfaces with the surrounding stroma; and (2) together with pathology, surgery, and laboratory data, comprehensive prognostic models can be constructed to predict patient outcomes after liver resection due to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rokas Stulpinas
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
| | - Dovile Zilenaite-Petrulaitiene
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Allan Rasmusson
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aiste Gulla
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Agne Grigonyte
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kestutis Strupas
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Arvydas Laurinavicius
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- National Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Abstract
The capacity of cells to organize complex biochemical reactions in intracellular space is a fundamental organizational principle of life. Key to this organization is the compartmentalization of the cytoplasm into distinct organelles, which is frequently achieved through intracellular membranes. Recent evidence, however, has added a new layer of flexibility to cellular compartmentalization. As such, in response to specific stimuli, liquid-liquid phase separations can lead to the rapid rearrangements of the cytoplasm to form membraneless organelles. Stress granules (SGs) are one such type of organelle that form specifically when cells are faced with stress stimuli, to aid cells in coping with stress. Inherently, altered SG formation has been linked to the pathogenesis of diseases associated with stress and inflammatory conditions, including cancer. Exciting discoveries have indicated an intimate link between SGs and tumorigenesis. Several pro-tumorigenic signaling molecules including the RAS oncogene, mTOR, and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) have been shown to upregulate SG formation. Based on these studies, SGs have emerged as structures that can integrate oncogenic signaling and tumor-associated stress stimuli to enhance cancer cell fitness. In addition, growing evidence over the past decade suggests that SGs function not only to regulate the switch between survival and cell death, but also contribute to cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Although much remains to be learned about the role of SGs in tumorigenesis, these studies highlight SGs as a key regulatory hub in cancer and a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Song
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elda Grabocka
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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20
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Wang J, Zhao M, Han G, Han X, Shi J, Mi L, Li N, Yin X, Duan X, Hou J, Yin F. Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined With PD-1 Inhibitors Plus Lenvatinib Showed Improved Efficacy for Treatment of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Compared With PD-1 Inhibitors Plus Lenvatinib. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231166765. [PMID: 37161343 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231166765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors combined with lenvatinib have become a popular treatment option for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors and lenvatinib has also shown preliminary efficacy in the unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. We conducted this observational, retrospective, cohort study to compare the clinical outcomes and safety of transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib versus programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Between November 2019 and November 2021, patients who were diagnosed with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and received transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib or programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib treatment were reviewed for eligibility. The primary endpoints included objective response rate, overall survival, and progression-free survival. The secondary endpoint was the frequency of key adverse events. Results: In total, 105 patients were eligible for the present study, and they were divided into the transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib group (n = 46) and the programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib group (n = 59). The patient cohort after a one-to-one propensity score matching (n = 86) was also analyzed. The transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib group had a higher objective response rate both in the patient cohort before propensity score matching (54.3% vs 25.4%, P = .002) and after propensity score matching (55.8% vs 30.2%, P = .017). The patients in the transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib group had prolonged overall survival (median, 20.5 vs 12.6 months, P = .015) and progression-free survival (median, 10.2 vs 7.4 months, P = .035). For patient cohort- propensity score matching, the overall survival (20.5 vs 12.8 months, P = .013) and progression-free survival (12.1 vs 7.8 months, P = .030) were also significantly better in the transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib group than in the programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib group. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups concerning adverse reactions caused by immunotherapy and lenvatinib. The adverse reactions caused by transarterial chemoembolization were transient and were quickly reversed. Conclusions: Compared to programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib, transarterial chemoembolization combined with programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib may provide better treatment response and survival benefits for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, and the adverse events were manageable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guangjie Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xin Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianfei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaolei Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoling Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiaojiao Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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21
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Zhan G, Peng H, Zhou L, Jin L, Xie X, He Y, Wang X, Du Z, Cao P. A web-based nomogram model for predicting the overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with external beam radiation therapy: A population study based on SEER database and a Chinese cohort. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1070396. [PMID: 36798659 PMCID: PMC9927006 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1070396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rarely used in clinical practice. This study aims to develop and validate a prognostic nomogram model to predict overall survival (OS) in HCC patients treated with EBRT. METHOD We extracted eligible data of HCC patients between 2004 and 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Those patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (n=1004) and an internal validation cohort (n=429), and an external validation cohort composed of a Chinese cohort (n=95). A nomogram was established based on the independent prognostic variables identified from univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The effective performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and calibration curves. The clinical practicability was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS T stage, N stage, M stage, AFP, tumor size, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic risk factors that were all included in the nomogram to predict OS in HCC patients with EBRT. In the training cohort, internal validation cohort, and external validation cohort, the C-index of the prediction model was 0.728 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.716-0.740), 0.725 (95% CI:0.701-0.750), and 0.696 (95% CI:0.629-0.763), respectively. The 6-, 12-,18- and 24- month areas under the curves (AUC) of ROC in the training cohort were 0.835 、0.823 、0.810, and 0.801, respectively; and 0.821 、0.809 、0.813 and 0.804 in the internal validation cohort, respectively; and 0.749 、0.754 、0.791 and 0.798 in the external validation cohort, respectively. The calibration curves indicated that the predicted value of the prediction model performed well. The DCA curves showed better clinical practicability. In addition, based on the nomogram, we established a web-based nomogram to predict the OS of these patients visually. CONCLUSION Based on the SEER database and an independent external cohort from China, we established and validated a nomogram to predict OS in HCC patients treated with EBRT. In addition, for the first time, a web-based nomogram model can help clinicians judge the prognoses of these patients and make better clinical decisions.
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22
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Jung J, Park S, Jang Y, Lee SH, Jeong YS, Yim SY, Lee JS. Clinical Significance of Glycolytic Metabolic Activity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:186. [PMID: 36612182 PMCID: PMC9818850 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High metabolic activity is a hallmark of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular features of HCC with high metabolic activity contributing to clinical outcomes and the therapeutic implications of these characteristics are poorly understood. We aimed to define the features of HCC with high metabolic activity and uncover its association with response to current therapies. By integrating gene expression data from mouse liver tissues and tumor tissues from HCC patients (n = 1038), we uncovered three metabolically distinct HCC subtypes that differ in clinical outcomes and underlying molecular biology. The high metabolic subtype is characterized by poor survival, the strongest stem cell signature, high genomic instability, activation of EPCAM and SALL4, and low potential for benefitting from immunotherapy. Interestingly, immune cell analysis showed that regulatory T cells (Tregs) are highly enriched in high metabolic HCC tumors, suggesting that high metabolic activity of cancer cells may trigger activation or infiltration of Tregs, leading to cancer cells' evasion of anti-cancer immune cells. In summary, we identified clinically and metabolically distinct subtypes of HCC, potential biomarkers associated with these subtypes, and a potential mechanism of metabolism-mediated immune evasion by HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann Jung
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sowon Park
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yeonwoo Jang
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei 03722, Republic of Korea
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Department of Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 46371, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seong Jeong
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sun Young Yim
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Department of Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 46371, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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23
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Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 promotes autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, contributing to nab-paclitaxel chemoresistance. Med Oncol 2022; 40:53. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Gao Y, Wu FG, Guo WB, Zheng H, Zhang L, Chen XL, Li M. Risk prediction model for early postoperative death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study based on random forest algorithm and logistic regression. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34:1247-1254. [PMID: 36165060 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, little is known about the risk factors of early postoperative death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We collected the data of patients who were diagnosed with primary liver cancer between 2010 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and further allocated them to the training set and validation set. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of early postoperative death of HCC patients. Random forest and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis were used to screen out vital variables for the construction of the nomogram. It was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve and decision curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 4154 patients were selected in this process, including 2647 patients with postoperative early death (outcome1) and 1507 patients with liver cancer-specific postoperative early death (outcome2). Surgery method, age category, marital status and tumor grade were the risk factors for early postoperative death. As for the liver cancer-specific early postoperative death, AJCC, surgery method, chemotherapy and tumor grade were independent prognostic factors. Early death and liver cancer-specific early death nomograms have an area under curves of 0.643 and 0.679 in the training set, respectively, and 0.617 and 0.688 in the validation set. The calibration curve and decision curve analysis shows that the nomograms have good performance. CONCLUSION This model provides an intuitive and practical tool for future studies based on large-scale cohorts by exploring the risk factors of early death in patients with HCCs undergoing surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
| | - Fu-Gui Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
| | - Wen-Bo Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Hebei Chest Hospital
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
| | - Xiu-Li Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
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25
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Chen S, Li X, Liang Y, Lu X, Huang Y, Zhu J, Li J. Short-term prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma patients with lung metastasis: A retrospective cohort study based on the SEER database. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31399. [PMID: 36397445 PMCID: PMC9666127 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to develop a prediction model to predict the short-term mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with lung metastasis. The retrospective data of HCC patients with lung metastasis was from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registration database between 2010 and 2015. 1905 patients were randomly divided into training set (n = 1333) and validation set (n = 572). There were 1092 patients extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database 2015 to 2019 as the validation set. The variable importance was calculated to screen predictors. The constructed prediction models of logistic regression, random forest, broad learning system, deep neural network, support vector machine, and naïve Bayes were compared through the predictive performance. The mortality of HCC patients with lung metastasis was 51.65% within 1 month. The screened prognostic factors (age, N stage, T stage, tumor size, surgery, grade, radiation, and chemotherapy) and gender were used to construct prediction models. The area under curve (0.853 vs. 0.771) of random forest model was more optimized than that of logistic regression model in the training set. But, there were no significant differences in testing and validation sets between random forest and logistic regression models. The value of area under curve in the logistic regression model was significantly higher than that of the broad learning system model (0.763 vs. 0.745), support vector machine model (0.763 vs. 0.689) in the validation set, and higher than that of the naïve Bayes model (0.775 vs. 0.744) in the testing model. We further chose the logistic regression prediction model and built the prognostic nomogram. We have developed a prediction model for predicting short-term mortality with 9 easily acquired predictors of HCC patients with lung metastasis, which performed well in the internal and external validation. It could assist clinicians to adjust treatment strategies in time to improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yichao Liang
- Department of Hepatology, TCM-Integrated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yingyi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- *Correspondence: Jun Li, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China (e-mail: )
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Leung RWH, Lee TKW. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling as a Driver of Stemness and Metabolic Reprogramming in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215468. [PMID: 36358885 PMCID: PMC9656505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been reported to play crucial role in pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this review, we focus on the regulatory role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer stemness and metabolic reprogramming, which are two emerging hallmarks of cancer. Understanding the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in regulation of the above processes reveals novel therapeutic strategy against this deadly disease. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer death worldwide due to its high rates of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been shown to play a significant role in HCC development, progression and clinical impact on tumor behavior. Accumulating evidence has revealed the critical involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in driving cancer stemness and metabolic reprogramming, which are regarded as emerging cancer hallmarks. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and its role in HCC. Furthermore, we provide an update on the regulatory roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in metabolic reprogramming, cancer stemness and drug resistance in HCC. We also provide an update on preclinical and clinical studies targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling alone or in combination with current therapies for effective cancer therapy. This review provides insights into the current opportunities and challenges of targeting this signaling pathway in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainbow Wing Hei Leung
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Terence Kin Wah Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3400-8799; Fax: +852-2364-9932
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Liu R, Li H, Qiu Y, Liu H, Cheng Z. Recent Advances in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment with Radionuclides. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1339. [PMID: 36355512 PMCID: PMC9694760 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
As the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by late detection, difficult diagnosis and treatment, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. Current treatments for liver cancer include surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation, liver transplantation, chemotherapy, external radiation therapy, and internal radionuclide therapy. Radionuclide therapy is the use of high-energy radiation emitted by radionuclides to eradicate tumor cells, thus achieving the therapeutic effect. Recently, with the continuous development of biomedical technology, the application of radionuclides in treatment of HCC has progressed steadily. This review focuses on three types of radionuclide-based treatment regimens, including transarterial radioembolization (TARE), radioactive seed implantation, and radioimmunotherapy. Their research progress and clinical applications are summarized. The advantages, limitations, and clinical potential of radionuclide treatment of HCC are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Hong Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Yihua Qiu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Hongguang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, China
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Tang L, Wang T, Li W, Yu S, Yao S, Cheng H. Construction of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs/mRNAs model and prognostic prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4693-4707. [PMID: 36381337 PMCID: PMC9641397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a recently reported novel form of cell death, which is involved in the regulation of tumor progression. However, the specific role of cuproprosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development remains unclear. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the effect of cuproprosis-related lncRNAs/mRNAs on the prognosis of HCC patients based on the RNA-Seq transcriptome data and clinical data. We identified 6 cuproprosis-related signatures by Cox and Lasso regression analysis, including 3 mRNAs (FBXO30, RNF2, MPDZ) and 3 lncRNAs (PICSAR, LINC00426, AL590705.3). In addition, we constructed a prognostic prediction model for HCC. Risk analysis, RT-qPCR, and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the expression of FBXO30, RNF2, AL590705.3 and PICSAR was elevated in HCC, while the expression of MPDZ and LINC00426 was suppressed which was associated with better overall survival. Furthermore, immune response analysis suggested that HCC with high-risk score might respond favorably to immunotherapy. Moreover, the potential drugs that HCC might be sensitive to were screened by drug sensitivity profiling analysis. Taken together, our findings provided important information for the prediction of the prognosis of HCC patients and the development of personalized targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxue Tang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Senbang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601, Anhui, China
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Bei H, Mai W, Chen W, Li M, Yang Y. Application of systemic treatment in conversion therapy options for liver cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:966821. [PMID: 36276063 PMCID: PMC9583895 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.966821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical hepatectomy is the main treatment method to improve the prognosis of patients with intermediate and early-stage liver cancer. Most liver cancer patients in China are in the advanced stage at the initial diagnosis, losing the opportunity for surgical treatment. Therefore, it is essential to down-stage unresectable liver cancer to resectable liver cancer clinically, which is an important way to improve patients’ survival and a hotspot of current clinical research. In recent years, with the increase in effective treatment methods for liver cancer, the resection rate of conversion surgery for unresectable advanced liver cancer has been significantly improved, and a growing number of patients benefit from conversion therapy. This article mainly reviews the connotation of conversion therapy for liver cancer, the patient selection, the selection of conversion strategy, the timing of sequential operations, the scheme and safety, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mingyi Li
- *Correspondence: Mingyi Li, ; Yongguang Yang,
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Gu EM, Liu YN, Pan L, Hu Y, Ye X, Luo P. A high throughput method for Monitoring of Sorafenib, regorafenib, cabozantinib and their metabolites with UPLC-MS/MS in rat plasma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:955263. [PMID: 36160432 PMCID: PMC9493307 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.955263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors, sorafenib, regorafenib and cabozantinib are widely used in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for systemic therapies with anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects. Nevertheless, adverse effects or insufficient efficacy appear frequently due to the plasma concentration with individual variability of these drugs. To ensure the curative effect and safety by therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), this study developed a high throughput method to quantify sorafenib, regorafenib, cabozantinib and their active metabolites in plasma simultaneously. The chromatographic separation analysis achievement was performed on a Waters-ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column by UPLC-MS/MS system using a gradient elution of solvent A (acetonitrile) and solvent B (water with 0.1% formic acid) in 3.0 min. This method presented satisfactory results of specificity, precision (the intra-day coefficient of variation was between 2.5% and 6.6%, and the inter-day coefficient of variation was between 4.0% and 11.1%) and accuracy (within ±15% for intra-day and inter-day), as well as the stability under certain conditions, the matrix effect in plasma, and extraction recovery (75.6%–94.4%). The linearity of each analyte in the proper concentration scope indicated excellent. This study strictly complied with the performance rules of assay validation in biological medium proposed by FDA and was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study in rats. Thus, it would be an advantageous option to research the relationship between concentration-efficacy and concentration-toxic in HCC patients who were supposed to take these medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Min Gu
- The First People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lvjun Pan
- The First People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuemei Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Pingping Luo, ; Xuemei Ye,
| | - Pingping Luo
- The People’s Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Pingping Luo, ; Xuemei Ye,
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Qian Y, Itzel T, Ebert M, Teufel A. Deep View of HCC Gene Expression Signatures and Their Comparison with Other Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174322. [PMID: 36077860 PMCID: PMC9454845 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene expression signatures correlate genetic alterations with specific clinical features, providing the potential for clinical usage. A plethora of HCC-dependent gene signatures have been developed in the last two decades. However, none of them has made its way into clinical practice. Thus, we investigated the specificity of public gene signatures to HCC by establishing a comparative transcriptomic analysis, as this may be essential for clinical applications. METHODS We collected 10 public HCC gene signatures and evaluated them by utilizing four different (commercial and non-commercial) gene expression profile comparison tools: Oncomine Premium, SigCom LINCS, ProfileChaser (modified version), and GENEVA, which can assign similar pre-analyzed profiles of patients with tumors or cancer cell lines to our gene signatures of interests. Among the query results of each tool, different cancer entities were screened. In addition, seven breast and colorectal cancer gene signatures were included in order to further challenge tumor specificity of gene expression signatures. RESULTS Although the specificity of the evaluated HCC gene signatures varied considerably, none of the gene signatures showed strict specificity to HCC. All gene signatures exhibited potential significant specificity to other cancers, particularly for colorectal and breast cancer. Since signature specificity proved challenging, we furthermore investigated common core genes and overlapping enriched pathways among all gene signatures, which, however, showed no or only very little overlap, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that specificity, independent validation, and clinical use of HCC genetic signatures solely relying on gene expression remains challenging. Furthermore, our work made clear that standards in signature generation and statistical methods but potentially also in tissue preparation are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Qian
- Division of Hepatology, Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timo Itzel
- Division of Hepatology, Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Teufel
- Division of Hepatology, Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Healthy Metabolism, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPDBW), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)621-383-4983; Fax: +49-(0)621-383-1467
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Zamora E, Rivera Valladares L, Edema U, Freeman LM. Localized Metastatic Recurrence of HCC following Distal Extremity Trauma: Bone Scintigraphy and Anatomicopathological Correlation. World J Nucl Med 2022; 21:244-247. [PMID: 36060089 PMCID: PMC9436515 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, with a poor median survival when left untreated. Extrahepatic metastases involving musculoskeletal tissues typically present with concomitant nonosseous metastases at the time of diagnosis. A 61-year-old male on 1-year remission, following transarterial chemoembolization of a 2.3-cm hepatic HCC 1 year before, presented with a 2-month history of left wrist pain and swelling after falling on an outstretched hand. Computed tomographic scan revealed diffuse osteolytic lesions localized in left hand and distal forearm, associated with equivocal diffuse activity on bone scan. Subsequent surgical debridement revealed metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Zamora
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Louisiana Rivera Valladares
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Ukuemi Edema
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Leonard M. Freeman
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, United States
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Drewes R, Heinze C, Pech M, Powerski M, Woidacki K, Wienke A, Surov A, Omari J. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Can Predict Therapy Response of Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization. Dig Dis 2022; 40:596-606. [PMID: 34749359 PMCID: PMC9501788 DOI: 10.1159/000520716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The goal of this meta-analysis was to assess the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a pre- and posttreatment (ADC value changes [ΔADC]) predictive imaging biomarker of response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Scopus database, Embase database, and MEDLINE library were scanned for connections between pre- and posttreatment ADC values of HCC and response to TACE. Six studies qualified for inclusion. The following parameters were collected: authors, publication year, study design, number of patients, drugs for TACE, mean ADC value, standard deviation, measure method, b values, and Tesla strength. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies 2 instrument was employed to check the methodological quality of each study. The meta-analysis was performed by utilizing RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance were used to regard heterogeneity. The mean ADC values and 95% confidence intervals were computed. RESULTS Six studies (n = 271 patients with 293 HCC nodules) were included. The pretreatment mean ADC in the responder group was 1.20 × 10-3 mm2/s (0.98, 1.42) and 1.14 × 10-3 mm2/s (0.89, 1.39) in the nonresponder group. The analysis of post-TACE ΔADC revealed a threshold of ≥20% to identify treatment responders. No suitable pretreatment ADC threshold to predict therapy response or discriminate between responders and nonresponders before therapy could be discovered. CONCLUSION ΔADC can facilitate early objective response evaluation through post-therapeutic ADC alterations ≥20%. Pretreatment ADC cannot predict response to TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Drewes
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Heinze
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,*Constanze Heinze,
| | - Maciej Pech
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Powerski
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katja Woidacki
- Section Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexey Surov
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,**Alexey Surov,
| | - Jazan Omari
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Prognostic Significance of CCDC137 Expression and Its Association with Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5638675. [PMID: 36061359 PMCID: PMC9433253 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5638675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortalities. The clinical outcome of HCC patients remains poor due to distant metastasis and recurrence. In recent years, growing evidences have confirmed that the coiled-coil domain-containing (CCDC) family proteins are involved in the progression of several diseases. However, the expression and clinical significance of the coiled-coil domain-containing 137 (CCDC137) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been investigated. Level 3 mRNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data were obtained in TCGA-LIHC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between 371 HCC and 50 nontumor specimens. The prognostic value of CCDC137 was analyzed in HCC patients. The correlations between CCDC137 and cancer immune infiltrates were investigated. In this study, a total of 2897 DEGs were obtained: 2451 genes were significantly upregulated and 446 genes were significantly downregulated. KEGG assays revealed that these DEGs were involved in tumor progression. Among 2897 DEGs, we found that CCDC137 expression was distinctly increased in HCC specimens compared with nontumor specimens. A high level of CCDC137 expression was related to an advanced tumor stage and grade. Moreover, patients with higher levels of CCDC137 expression had a shorter overall survival and disease-free survival than patients with lower CCDC137 levels. CCDC137 expression was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of several immune cells, such as CD8 T cells and Th2 cells. Finally, in vitro experiments confirmed that CCDC137 expression was highly expressed in HCC cells, and its knockdown suppressed the proliferation of HCC cells. Taken together, our findings revealed that CCDC137 might be used as a biomarker for immune infiltration and poor prognosis in HCC, which offered fresh insight on potential therapies for HCC.
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Grega SD, Zheng DX, Zheng QH. Imaging ligands targeting glypican-3 receptor expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 12:113-121. [PMID: 36072763 PMCID: PMC9441927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality. Early detection of HCC is important since potentially curative therapies exist in the initial stages of HCC; no curative therapies exist for late-stage HCC. However, the initial detection of HCC remains challenging due to the lack of symptoms during the early stage of the disease. Other methods of screening and detecting HCC, including blood serum tests and conventional imaging methods, remain inadequate due to genetic differences between patients and the high background activity of liver tissues. Thus, there is a need for an accurate imaging agent for the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of HCC. Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an oncofetal receptor responsible for regulating cell division, growth, and survival. GPC3 is a clinically relevant biomarker for imaging and therapeutics, as its expression is HCC tumor-specific and absent from normal and other pathological liver tissues. The development of novel GPC3-targeting imaging agents has encompassed three classes of biomolecules: peptides, antibodies, and aptamers. These biomolecules serve as constructs for diagnostic imaging (demonstrating potential as positron emission tomography [PET], single-photon emission tomography [SPECT], and optical imaging agents) and HCC treatment delivery. More than 20 unique ligands have been identified in the literature as showing specificity for the GPC3 receptor. Although several ligands are currently under clinical investigation as therapies for HCC, clinical translation of GPC3-targeting ligands as imaging agents is lacking. This review highlights the current landscape of ligands targeting GPC3 and describes their promising possibilities as imaging agents for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun D Grega
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David X Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineCleveland, OH, USA
| | - Qi-Huang Zheng
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolis, IN, USA
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Wu CH, Lee YH, Liang PC, Hu RH, Shih TTF, Ho MC. Predictors of changes in preoperative tumor stage between dynamic computed tomography and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1550-1559. [PMID: 35033411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Gadoxetate disodium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB-MRI) has a higher diagnostic accuracy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than computed tomography (CT). However, indications for performing EOB-MRI after dynamic CT are not well defined. Therefore, we investigated the clinical factors associated with changes in the preoperative tumor stage between dynamic CT and EOB-MRI. METHODS A prospective cohort was conducted from January 2014 to December 2017. 156 adult patients with clinical suspicion of HCC before liver resection were enrolled and we retrospectively reviewed the images. The tumor staging was evaluated by dynamic CT and then EOB-MRI subsequently according to the TNM staging system. The changes in tumor stage between two modalities were identified, and the associated clinical factors were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 99 patients were analyzed after excluding 57 patients. 20 patients (20.2%) had changes in tumor stage between dynamic CT and EOB-MRI. The change occurred only in early stage (T1 and T2 lesions) based on dynamic CT initially. Furthermore, in univariate and multivariate analyses, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade 2 and log alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were associated with changes in tumor staging by EOB-MRI than those without (50% vs. 9.9%, p < 0.001 and 2.04 ± 1.35 vs. 1.40 ± 1.16, p = 0.038, respectively). Patients with changes in tumor stage also exhibited higher 1-year recurrence rate and shorter recurrence-free survival. CONCLUSION Changes in preoperative tumor stage between dynamic CT and EOB-MRI were associated with CT-defined early stage, ALBI grades, higher log AFP levels, and early recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Horng Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Liang
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rey-Heng Hu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tiffany Ting-Fang Shih
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Ho
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Functional Image and Interventional Image, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.
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He X, Hikiba Y, Suzuki Y, Nakamori Y, Kanemaru Y, Sugimori M, Sato T, Nozaki A, Chuma M, Maeda S. EGFR inhibition reverses resistance to lenvatinib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8007. [PMID: 35568782 PMCID: PMC9107466 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12076-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Lenvatinib is approved as a first-line treatment for unresectable HCC. The therapeutic duration of lenvatinib is limited by resistance, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. To establish lenvatinib-resistant cells, Hep3B cells were initially treated with 3 µM lenvatinib. The concentration was gradually increased by 1 µM or 0.5 µM per week and it reached to 7.5 µM 2 months after the initial exposure to lenvatinib. The biological characteristics of these cells were analyzed by ERK activation in the MAPK signaling pathway and a human phospho‐receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) antibody array. Factors possibly related to lenvatinib resistance were analyzed using inhibitors, and cell proliferation was analyzed. We established lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells (LR cells) by long-term exposure to lenvatinib. Lenvatinib reduced ERK activation in the parent cells, but not in the LR cells. RTK array analysis showed that the activities of EGFR and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)/insulin receptor (INSR) were significantly increased in LR cells, whereas the activities of other RTKs were unchanged. Erlotinib, a widely used EGFR inhibitor, downregulated ERK activation in LR cells. The proliferation of LR cells will also be affected when lenvatinib is combined with erlotinib to treat LR cells. In contrast, inhibition of IGFR/INSR did not affect ERK activation or cell proliferation. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) ameliorated the enhanced EGFR activation in LR cells. Lenvatinib resistance was induced by enhanced EGFR activation, possibly via ROS accumulation, in lenvatinib- resistant cells. These findings may enable the development of lenvatinib combination therapies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yohko Hikiba
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nakamori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yushi Kanemaru
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Makoto Sugimori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Akito Nozaki
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Chuma
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shin Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
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Dincer N, Ugurluer G, Zoto Mustafayev T, Gungor G, Atalar B, Guven K, Ozyar E. Magnetic Resonance Image-Guided Hypofractionated Ablative Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Tumor Thrombus Extending to the Right Atrium. Cureus 2022; 14:e23981. [PMID: 35541296 PMCID: PMC9084425 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting with tumor thrombus (TT) and inferior vena cava (IVC)/right atrium (RA) infringement point to an advanced-stage disease that is deemed inoperable. Stereotactic body radiotherapy is an emerging treatment option for this group of patients with promising outcomes in recent studies that are comparable to conventional treatment methods, namely, transarterial chemoembolization and transarterial radioembolization. Here, we report a case of HCC with RA extension through the IVC. The patient was referred to our clinic for treatment options, and he was found suitable for magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT). We treated the patient with MRgRT in five fractions to a total dose of 40 Gray. The tumor was tracked during the treatment sessions, and adaptive treatment planning was performed before each fraction. The patient tolerated the treatment well with no acute grade 3-4 toxicities. The last follow-up showed that the patient had a complete biochemical response and is now a candidate for an orthotopic liver transplant. To our knowledge, this report is the first to document the MRgRT treatment of an HCC with TT and RA extension. MRgRT is safe and feasible for this patient group and can be an effective bridging therapy for liver transplants.
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Comparetti EJ, Lins PMP, Quitiba J, Zucolotto V. Cancer cell membrane‐derived nanoparticles block the expression of immune checkpoint proteins on cancer cells and coordinate modulatory activity on immunosuppressive macrophages. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1499-1511. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edson J. Comparetti
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos University of São Paulo São Carlos Brazil
| | - Paula M. P. Lins
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos University of São Paulo São Carlos Brazil
| | - João Quitiba
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos University of São Paulo São Carlos Brazil
| | - Valtencir Zucolotto
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos University of São Paulo São Carlos Brazil
- Institute of Advanced Studies University of Sao Paulo Sao Carlos Brazil
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40
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Postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization improves outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with bile duct tumor thrombus: a propensity score matching analysis. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:547-557. [PMID: 34635434 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical resection is the primary treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT). This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant TACE (PA-TACE) in patients with HCC and BDTT. METHODS Data from patients who underwent surgery for HCC with BDTT at two medical centers were retrospectively analyzed. The survival outcomes of patients who were treated by hepatic resection followed by PA-TACE were compared with those of patients who underwent surgery alone. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed with a 1:1 ratio. RESULTS Of the 308 consecutively enrolled HCC patients with BDTT who underwent surgical resection, 134 underwent PA-TACE whereas 174 underwent surgery alone. From the initial cohort, PSM matched 106 pairs of patients. The OS and DFS rates were significantly better for the PA-TACE group than the surgery alone group (for OS: before PSM, P = 0.026; after PSM, P = 0.039; for DFS: before PSM, P = 0.010; after PSM, P = 0.013). CONCLUSION PA-TACE was associated with better survival outcomes than surgery alone for patients with HCC and BDTT. Prospective clinical trials are warranted to validate the beneficial effect of PA-TACE on HCC patients associated with BDTT.
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Mahmoud K, Swidan S, El-Nabarawi M, Teaima M. Lipid based nanoparticles as a novel treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review on targeting and recent advances. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:109. [PMID: 35248080 PMCID: PMC8898455 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is considered one of the deadliest diseases with one of the highest disease burdens worldwide. Among the different types of liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma is considered to be the most common type. Multiple conventional approaches are being used in treating hepatocellular carcinoma. Focusing on drug treatment, regular agents in conventional forms fail to achieve the intended clinical outcomes. In order to improve the treatment outcomes, utilizing nanoparticles-specifically lipid based nanoparticles-are considered to be one of the most promising approaches being set in motion. Multiple forms of lipid based nanoparticles exist including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, microemulsion, nanoemulsion, phytosomes, lipid coated nanoparticles, and nanoassemblies. Multiple approaches are used to enhance the tumor uptake as well tumor specificity such as intratumoral injection, passive targeting, active targeting, and stimuli responsive nanoparticles. In this review, the effect of utilizing lipidic nanoparticles is being discussed as well as the different tumor uptake enhancement techniques used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt
| | - Shady Swidan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt.
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Zhang D, Love T, Hao Y, Liu BL, Thung S, Fiel MI, Whitney-Miller CL, Liao X. Tumor Size, Not Small Vessel Invasion, Predicts Survival in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2022; 158:70-80. [PMID: 35142813 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 8th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been criticized for failing to stratify patients. We aimed to reassess and modify the tumor staging criteria for HCC. METHODS Three independent study cohorts were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The initial cohort consists of 103 patients with HCC. By Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the 8th edition failed to distinguish between T1b and T2. Only tumor size and large vessel invasion, but not small vessel invasion or other histopathologic parameters, predicted HCC survival. We modified the T staging criteria by eliminating small vessel invasion while emphasizing tumor size in the middle categories (T2 and T3), which achieved more even distribution of cases and significantly improved risk stratifications (P < .001). This modification was then validated in a cohort of 250 consecutive patients from Mount Sinai Hospital and an online Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data set comprising 9,685 patients, which showed similar results. Small vessel invasion was not an independent prognostic factor in either validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that tumor size, but not small vessel invasion, predicts survival in patients with HCC. We suggest incorporating our modified T staging criteria in future AJCC revisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Tanzy Love
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yansheng Hao
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bella Lingjia Liu
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Swan Thung
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Isabel Fiel
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyan Liao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
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Schemmer P, Burra P, Hu R, Hüber CM, Loinaz C, Machida K, Vogel A, Samuel D. State of the art treatment of hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma and the role of hepatitis B surface antigen post-liver transplantation and resection. Liver Int 2022; 42:288-298. [PMID: 34846790 PMCID: PMC9300017 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The optimal goal of therapy, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and anti-HBs production, is achieved rarely and HBsAg-associated HCC risk is well recognized. Here we review the role of HBsAg in HCC, the link between HBsAg and HCC recurrence post-liver transplantation or resection, and the implications for therapy. HBV-associated carcinogenesis is a multifactorial process. The observation that HBV-related HCC can occur in the absence of cirrhosis is compatible with a direct oncogenic effect of the virus, which may occur via multiple mechanisms, including those mediated by both mutated and unmutated HBsAg. HCC recurrence in HBsAg-positive patients post-liver transplantation has been reported in 10%-15% of patients and is likely to be because of expansion of residual HCC tumour cell populations containing integrated HBV DNA, which expand and independently replicate HBV, leading to the recurrence of both HCC and HBV. The direct role of HBsAg in HCC recurrence post-liver resection is less clear. Cirrhosis is the most important risk factor for HCC development, and precancerous cirrhotic liver remains after resection, with the potential to undergo malignant transformation regardless of the existence of HBV-derived oncogenic drivers. The role of HBsAg in the development of HCC and its recurrence post-surgical intervention has multiple implications for therapy and suggests a potential role for immunotherapy in the future management of HCC, in particular post-liver transplantation. Use of hepatitis B immunoglobulins that target HBsAg directly, alongside immune-oncology therapies, may be relevant in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schemmer
- General, Visceral and Transplant SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Patrizia Burra
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and GastroenterologyPadua University HospitalPaduaItaly
| | - Rey‐Heng Hu
- Department of SurgeryNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Carmelo Loinaz
- Department of General and Digestive SurgeryUniversity Hospital 12 de OctubreMadridSpain
| | - Keigo Machida
- Keck Hospital of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Arndt Vogel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and EndocrinologyMedizinische Hochschule HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Didier Samuel
- Centre HepatobiliaireUniversity Hospital Paul BrousseUniversity Paris‐Saclay and Inserm‐Paris Saclay Research Unit 1193VillejuifFrance
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Shi H, Huttad LV, Tan M, Liu H, Chua MS, Cheng Z, So S. NIR-II imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma based on a humanized anti-GPC3 antibody. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:90-97. [PMID: 35224499 PMCID: PMC8792977 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00313e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, of which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form, is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. The five-year survival rate for HCC is below 9%, which can be attributed to late diagnosis and limited treatment options at the late stage. Therefore, safe and efficient imaging strategies are urgently needed to facilitate HCC diagnosis and stage evaluation. The development of the second near infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) fluorescence imaging offers the advantages of enhanced resolutions, deeper penetration depth, and less autofluorescence compared to traditional NIR-I window (700-900 nm) imaging. Herein, an HCC targeted NIR-II fluorescent probe, GPC-ICG, was developed by labelling a humanized anti-GPC3 monoclonal antibody with indocyanine green (ICG). Compared to the negative control IgG-ICG probe, the GPC3-ICG probe demonstrated specific GPC3 targeting capability in vitro. And for GPC3 positive Huh-7 tumor bearing mice, the GPC3-ICG probe specifically accumulated in subcutaneous xenografts, with a tumor-background ratio (TBR) of up to 3. The NIR-II imaging of mice organs ex vivo also indicated that GPC3-ICG specifically targeted Huh-7 tumor tissue. Overall, GPC3-ICG is a promising NIR-II probe for GPC3 targeted imaging of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110000 China
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Lakshmi Vageesh Huttad
- Asian Liver Center, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, School of Medicine Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Mingdian Tan
- Asian Liver Center, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, School of Medicine Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Hongguang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University Shenyang 110000 China
| | - Mei-Sze Chua
- Asian Liver Center, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, School of Medicine Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
- Bohai rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery Yantai 264000 China
| | - Samuel So
- Asian Liver Center, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, School of Medicine Stanford CA 94305 USA
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Zhang Y, Xu Y, Ma W, Wu H, Xu G, Chekhonin VP, Peltzer K, Wang X, Wang G, Zhang C. The homogeneity and heterogeneity of occurrence, characteristics, and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with synchronous and metachronous bone metastasis. J Cancer 2022; 13:393-400. [PMID: 35069889 PMCID: PMC8771510 DOI: 10.7150/jca.65308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Based on the one of the largest hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) population with bone metastasis (BM) from the single center in Tianjin, China, the present study aimed to investigate the risk and survival of synchronous bone metastasis (sBM) and metachronous bone metastasis (mBM) in HCC, and to reveal characteristics and related factors of HCC patients with bone metastasis. Methods: HCC patients with bone metastasis between 2009 and 2017 from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China, were involved. Chi-square test/ Fisher's exact test and Logistic regression were used to estimate the risk factors of bone metastasis in HCC. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival of HCC patients, and the Log-rank test was used to analyze the survival of HCC patients. The prognostic factors of HCC patients with BM were identified via Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable COX regression model. Results: Among 4421 HCC patients, 128 patients with BM were identified. Of the 128 patients with BM, 77 patients (60.16%) were with sBM and 51 patients (39.84%) were with mBM. The incidence of sBM in HCC was 1.74% at initial diagnosis. The most common metastatic site of sBM was rib, followed by lumbar, thoracic, and sacral. The median latency time from HCC diagnosis to mBM was six months. The most common site of mBM was thoracic, followed by lumbar, sacral and rib. Alcohol-drinking history (P=0.027), numbers (P=0.023) and size (P=0.008) of intrahepatic tumor, lymph node metastasis (P<0.001), serum ALP (P=0.004) and HGB (P=0.004) level were found to be correlated with the occurrence of BM. The overall survival between non-BM and BM were statistically different (P=0.028). Conclusion: The incidence of sBM in HCC was 1.74% at initial diagnosis. The median latency time from HCC diagnosis to mBM was 6 months. The characteristics between occurrence and prognosis showed significant difference between sBM and mBM. Early identification of high-risk BM population was essential for the improvement of both quality of life and prognosis. The revealed related factors can potentially guide sBM and mBM identification and early diagnosis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China
| | - Haixiao Wu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China
| | - Guijun Xu
- The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Vladimir P Chekhonin
- The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China.,Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Federal Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Karl Peltzer
- The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China.,Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Xin Wang
- The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, South Renmin Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, China
| | - Guowen Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,The Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Bone Metastasis in Malignant Tumor, Tianjin, China
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Jiang X, Xu Y, Chen D, Wang M, Qiu M, Xiong L, Zhang L, Yu H, Xiong Z. A Novel Angiogenesis-Related Prognostic Signature Associated with the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immune Microenvironment and Survival Outcome. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:311-323. [PMID: 35027841 PMCID: PMC8752972 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s349210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly vascularized solid tumor characterized by neovascularization and vascular invasion. Angiogenesis plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of liver cancer. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of angiogenesis-related genes in liver cancer. Patients and Methods The transcriptome data and corresponding clinical information of patients with liver cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. In the TCGA cohort, differential expression and prognostic analyses were used to screen angiogenesis-related candidate prognostic genes. We then used least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis to construct a prognostic signature using 10 angiogenesis-related prognostic genes. The reliability of the prognostic signature was assessed in the TCGA and ICGC cohorts. In addition, we comprehensively analyzed the correlation of the prognostic signature with the tumor microenvironment, chemotherapy drugs, and specific genes. Results We identified 37 angiogenesis-related differentially expressed genes that were remarkably associated with prognosis. Ten of these genes were used to establish a survival and prognostic signature. This signature can distinguish between high-risk and low-risk groups and performs well in overall survival prediction, as demonstrated by internal and external validations. In addition, we observed that the high-risk group was remarkably associated with immune infiltration in the tumor microenvironment and had a different sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents compared with the low-risk group. Moreover, the high-risk population was positively correlated with the expression of several special genes, such as immune checkpoint-related genes. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that prognostic signatures based on angiogenesis-related genes are involved in the development of HCC and may provide new insights into accurate clinical decision-making and therapeutic evaluation of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushuang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjun Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifan Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Deng Y, Zhang F, Sun ZG, Wang S. Development and Validation of a Prognostic Signature Associated With Tumor Microenvironment Based on Autophagy-Related lncRNA Analysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:762570. [PMID: 34970559 PMCID: PMC8712323 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.762570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to establish a prognostic signature based on the autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) analysis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Patients with HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were taken as the training cohort, and patients from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were treated as the validation cohort. Autophagy-related lncRNAs were obtained via a co-expression network analysis. According to univariate and multivariate analyses, a multigene prognostic signature was constructed in the training cohort. The predictive power of the signature was confirmed in both cohorts. The detailed functions were investigated using functional analysis. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) score was used to evaluate the tumor microenvironment. The expression levels of immunotherapy and targeted therapy targets between the two risk groups were compared. Finally, a nomogram was constructed by integrating clinicopathological parameters with independently predictive value and the risk score. Results: Four autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified to establish a prognostic signature, which separated patients into high- and low-risk groups. Survival analysis showed that patients in the high-risk group had a shorter survival time in both cohorts. A time-independent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve and principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that the prognostic signature had a robust predictive power and reliability in both cohorts. Functional analysis indicated that the expressed genes in the high-risk group are mainly enriched in autophagy- and cancer-related pathways. ssGSEA revealed that the different risk groups were associated with the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, the different risk groups had positive correlations with the expressions of specific mutant genes. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk score also exhibited excellent predictive power irrespective of clinicopathological characteristics in both cohorts. A nomogram was established. The nomogram showed good discrimination, with Harrell's concordance index (C-index) of 0.739 and good calibration. Conclusion: The four autophagy-related lncRNAs could be used as biological biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The prognostic signature and nomogram might aid clinicians in individual treatment optimization and clinical decision-making for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, China
| | - Zhen-Gang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jing Zhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jing Zhou, China
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Antitumoral and Anti-inflammatory Roles of Somatostatin and Its Analogs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2021; 2021:1840069. [PMID: 34873567 PMCID: PMC8643256 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1840069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and affects about 8% of cirrhotic patients, with a recurrence rate of over 50%. There are numerous therapies available for the treatment of HCC, depending on cancer staging and condition of the patient. The complexity of the treatment is also justified by the unique pathogenesis of HCC that involves intricate processes such as chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and multiple molecular carcinogenesis events. During the last three decades, multiple in vivo and in vitro experiments have used somatostatin and its analogs (SSAs) to reduce the proliferative and metastatic potential of hepatoma cells by inducing their apoptosis and reducing angiogenesis and the inflammatory component of HCC. Most experiments have proven successful, revealing several different pathways and mechanisms corresponding to the aforementioned functions. Moreover, a correlation between specific effects and expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) was observed in the studied cells. Clinical trials have tested either somatostatin or an analog, alone or in combination with other drugs, to explore the potential effects on HCC patients, in various stages of the disease. While the majority of these clinical trials exhibited minor to moderate success, some other studies were inconclusive or even reported negative outcomes. A complete evaluation of the efficacy of somatostatin and SSAs is still the matter of intense debate, and, if deemed useful, these substances may play a beneficial role in the management of HCC patients.
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The role of dynamic and diffusion MR imaging in therapeutic response assessment after microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma using LI-RADS v2018 treatment response algorithm. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-021-00428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered as one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Microwave ablation (MWA) is a widely used treatment option having less morbidity and complications as compared with surgery and liver transplantation. MRI is the most widely used modality in the assessment of treatment response after MWA. Currently, LI-RADS v2018 algorithm is considered the cornerstone in daily clinical practice for assessment of the treatment response after locoregional therapy. The aim of the study was to assess the role of dynamic MRI and diffusion imaging in the assessment of treatment response and detection of tumor viability following microwave ablation therapy of HCC according to LI-RADS v2018 treatment response algorithm.
Results
This retrospective study was performed over 45 HCC lesions underwent MWA as the only therapeutic procedure and followed up by dynamic MRI with diffusion images and then classified according to the LI-RADS treatment response criteria into LR-TR viable and LR-TR nonviable groups. All the malignant lesions found in this study showed arterial phase hyperenhancment (APHE), whether in the early or late arterial phases. Delayed washout was found in all malignant lesions as well. In the diffusion analysis, the mean ADC value for the malignant lesions was 0.900 ± 0.126 × 10-3 mm2/s, while the mean ADC of the treatment-related specific benign parenchymal enhancement was 1.284 ± 0.129 × 10-3 mm2/s with a significant statistical difference in between (P = 0.0001) and a cutoff value of 1.11 × 10-3 mm2/s. Our findings showed that the dynamic MRI has 100% sensitivity, 93.5% specificity, 87.5% PPV, and 100% NPV in the detection of tumoral activity compared with 71.43% sensitivity, 93.55% specificity, 83.33% PPV, and 87.88% NPV for diffusion images.
Conclusion
LI-RADS 2018 provides a treatment response algorithm superior to the previously used assessment criteria. MRI with dynamic contrast-enhanced technique and diffusion imaging provide a powerful tool in the evaluation of treatment response after microwave ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma using the LI-RADS treatment response criteria and is considered a reliable method in differentiating between the recurrent or residual malignant lesions and the posttreatment benign liver changes.
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Zhang JN, Wei F, Lei LH, Yang Y, Yang Y, Zhou WP. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 is expected to be a therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis using integrated bioinformatic analysis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11728-11739. [PMID: 34784846 PMCID: PMC8810199 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2006942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. HCC cells possess biological characteristics of high invasion and metastasis. In this respect, to prevent cancer cell invasion and metastasis and early active intervention, we herein screened through the TCGA database for further prognostic analysis including overall survival and disease-free survival . The Kaplan-Meier curve suggested that Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) might be an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Moreover, we performed mRNA expression analysis to measure CDK4 levels in normal liver tissues and HCC tissues, and immunohistochemistry analysis to detect protein level of CDK4 in Non-tumor tissue and HCC tissues . Our findings indicated that the expression of CDK4 was significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with Non-tumor tissue in HCC, which increased from HCC stage 1 to 3. Furthermore, the results of transwell-assay indicated that knocking down CDK4 significantly suppresses the invasion and migration of HCC cells, and the results of bioinformatics analysis revealed that genes closely associated with CDK4 are potentially worthy of further investigation. Additionally, the results of Western Blot indicated CDK4 regulates epithelial mesenchymal transition in HCC,and CDK4 appears to regulate EMT and HCC progression via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Collectively, this study found the key target gene through bioinformatic analysis and further functional validation through cell experiments. In particular, CDK4 is anticipated to become a crucial hub gene to snipe the metastasis of cancer cells in HCC.Abbreviations: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC);Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4(CDK4);Genomic Data Commons (GDC); genes; EC, Endometrial cancer; GEO, gene expression omnibus; GO, Gene Ontology; GSEA, Gene set enrichment analysis; KEGG, Database; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; TSGs, tumor suppressor genes;epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ning Zhang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Han Lei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Sixth Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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