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Freitas M, Ribeiro D, Janela JS, Varela CL, Costa SC, da Silva ET, Fernandes E, Roleira FMF. Plant-derived and dietary phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives: Anti-inflammatory properties. Food Chem 2024; 459:140080. [PMID: 38986205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamic acids are aromatic acids primarily found in plants and plant-derived food. Phenolic cinnamic acids, with one or more hydroxyl groups in the aromatic ring, often contribute to the biological activities attributed to these compounds. The presence of hydroxyl groups and a carboxyl group makes cinnamic acids very hydrophilic, preventing them from crossing biological membranes and exerting their biological activities. To alleviate this condition, a panel of synthetic modifications have been made leading to a diverse set of phenolic cinnamic structures. In this review, an overview of the natural phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives and their plant sources (more than 200) is described. The synthetic approaches to obtain the referred derivatives (more than 200) namely esters and amides are reviewed. Further, their anti-inflammatory activity (more than 70 compounds) is scrutinized. Finally, future directions will be indicated to translate the research on phenolic cinnamic derivatives into potentially effective anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente da Universidade dos Açores, Portugal.
| | - João S Janela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carla L Varela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Saul C Costa
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Elisiário Tavares da Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Abbasi E, Bagherniya M, Soleimani D, Ghasemi-Tehrani H, Abbaspour M, Clark CCT, Askari G. The effects of propolis supplementation on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, testosterone hormone, and metabolic profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5366-5377. [PMID: 37658679 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
One of the most prevalent ovulation disorders is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). According to the anti-inflammatory and beneficial effects of propolis, this triple-blind controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effect of propolis on metabolic factors, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and testosterone in women with PCOS. Recruited patients from the gynecologist clinic were randomized based on a stratified permuted four-block randomization procedure to supplement with propolis tablets, two tablets/day (500 mg propolis/day) (n = 30) or identical placebo tablets (n = 30) for 12 weeks in 2021 until 2022. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, blood samples, and a checklist to record the measured parameters. A total of 57 patients completed the trial. ANCOVA test showed that hip circumference (HC)) p = 0.03), fasting insulin (p = 0.007), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (p = 0.004), testosterone (p = 0.004), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p = 0.02) were significantly decreased in the propolis versus the placebo group after adjustment for confounders. Although fasting blood glucose (p = 0.04) decreased significantly in the propolis group compared to the placebo, after adjusting for confounders, significance was lost (p = 0.09). Supplementation with propolis elicited positive effects on fasting insulin and insulin resistance, in addition to reducing the testosterone level, LDL/HDL, and HC, in PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hatav Ghasemi-Tehrani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Abbaspour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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3
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Sajjadi SS, Bagherniya M, Soleimani D, Siavash M, Askari G. Effect of propolis on mood, quality of life, and metabolic profiles in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4452. [PMID: 36932147 PMCID: PMC10022550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31254-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MeS) is a common multifaceted disorder. Plants contain antioxidant bioactive compounds, which are beneficial to improve the health condition of patients with MeS. Propolis is a hive natural product that is composed of various constituent. We aimed to assess the effects of Iranian propolis as a natural and safe agent on indicators of MeS, quality of life and mood status in individuals with MeS. In total, 66 interested eligible patients recruited to the present study. Participants were randomly assigned to consume a tablet at dose of 250 mg of propolis extract, twice daily for 12 weeks or placebo. Propolis supplementation could lead to a significant reduction in waist circumference (WC), increase in physical functioning, general health and the overall score of SF-36 compared with placebo group (P-value < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed regarding other anthropometric indices and biochemical parameters between two groups (P-value > 0.05). The current study indicated that propolis can be effective in decreasing WC and improving physical health and quality of life, while had no significant effects on other components of MeS among subjects with this syndrome. Clinical trials registration Iran Registry of Clinical Trials.ir IRCT20121216011763N49, registration date 23/12/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Sadat Sajjadi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mansour Siavash
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Tian S, Zhao H, Liu J, Ma X, Zheng L, Guo H, Jiang Y. Metabolomics reveals that alcohol extract of propolis alleviates D-gal-induced skeletal muscle senescence in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gonçalves AC, Gaspar D, Flores-Félix JD, Falcão A, Alves G, Silva LR. Effects of Functional Phenolics Dietary Supplementation on Athletes' Performance and Recovery: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4652. [PMID: 35563043 PMCID: PMC9102074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many efforts have been made to identify micronutrients or nutritional strategies capable of preventing, or at least, attenuating, exercise-induced muscle damage and oxidative stress, and improving athlete performance. The reason is that most exercises induce various changes in mitochondria and cellular cytosol that lead to the generation of reactive species and free radicals whose accumulation can be harmful to human health. Among them, supplementation with phenolic compounds seems to be a promising approach since their chemical structure, composed of catechol, pyrogallol, and methoxy groups, gives them remarkable health-promoting properties, such as the ability to suppress inflammatory processes, counteract oxidative damage, boost the immune system, and thus, reduce muscle soreness and accelerate recovery. Phenolic compounds have also already been shown to be effective in improving temporal performance and reducing psychological stress and fatigue. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the effects of dietary phenolics on physical performance and recovery in athletes and sports practitioners. Overall, the reports show that phenolics exert important benefits on exercise-induced muscle damage as well as play a biological/physiological role in improving physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Dário Gaspar
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal;
| | - José David Flores-Félix
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG—Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Research Unit for Inland Development (UDI), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
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Al-Hariri M, Alsunni A, Shaikh MH, Gamal Eldin T, Al Ghamdi K, Alharbi AF, Alhawaj H, Chathoth S. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester reduces Pro Inflammatory Cytokines in Moderate Swimming Test in Growing Rats Model. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5653-5657. [PMID: 34754212 PMCID: PMC8570724 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s338973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic concentrated in propolis of honeybee hives. CAPE has been shown various physiological and pharmacologic properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of CAPE on proinflammatory markers in growing rats by performing the moderate swimming test. Methods A total number of 21 male Wistar albino rats were separated into three groups (n = 7): sedentary: negative control group; exercise: positive control group received vehicle orally and exercise + CAPE: CAPE treated group: treated with CAPE (20 mg/kg) orally 30 min before exercise, for 5 days. The animals were left free to swim in the tank, 20 minutes/day for 5 days. At 24 hours after finishing the experiment, rats were euthanised and blood was collected to analyze the level of serum interleukin IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Results Growing rats subjected to the moderate swimming test and in those treated with CAPE showed a lower level of TNF-α compared to the negative control. More interestingly, the one-way ANOVA data demonstrated a decreased level of proinflammatory IL-6 in the CAPE-treated group compared to the negative control. Conclusion Results of this study indicate that short-term administration of CAPE may modulate proinflammatory cytokine profiles during moderate exercise and may serve to boost the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term administration of CAPE as an adjective anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Hariri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsunni
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Habeeb Shaikh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tharwat Gamal Eldin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholoud Al Ghamdi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah Fawzi Alharbi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Alhawaj
- Department of Environmental Health, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabi
| | - Shahanas Chathoth
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Polyphenols and Their Effects on Muscle Atrophy and Muscle Health. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164887. [PMID: 34443483 PMCID: PMC8398525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is the decrease in muscle mass and strength caused by reduced protein synthesis/accelerated protein degradation. Various conditions, such as denervation, disuse, aging, chronic diseases, heart disease, obstructive lung disease, diabetes, renal failure, AIDS, sepsis, cancer, and steroidal medications, can cause muscle atrophy. Mechanistically, inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the major contributors to muscle atrophy, by modulating signaling pathways that regulate muscle homeostasis. To prevent muscle catabolism and enhance muscle anabolism, several natural and synthetic compounds have been investigated. Recently, polyphenols (i.e., natural phytochemicals) have received extensive attention regarding their effect on muscle atrophy because of their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have reported polyphenols as strongly effective bioactive molecules that attenuate muscle atrophy and enhance muscle health. This review describes polyphenols as promising bioactive molecules that impede muscle atrophy induced by various proatrophic factors. The effects of each class/subclass of polyphenolic compounds regarding protection against the muscle disorders induced by various pathological/physiological factors are summarized in tabular form and discussed. Although considerable variations in antiatrophic potencies and mechanisms were observed among structurally diverse polyphenolic compounds, they are vital factors to be considered in muscle atrophy prevention strategies.
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Soleimani D, Miryan M, Hadi V, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Moludi J, Sayedi SM, Bagherniya M, Askari G, Nachvak SM, Sadeghi E, Rashidi AA, Hadi S. Effect of propolis supplementation on athletic performance, body composition, inflammation, and oxidative stress following intense exercise: A triple-blind randomized clinical trial. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3631-3640. [PMID: 34262723 PMCID: PMC8269685 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence indicates that propolis as a novel potential antioxidant has unique benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of propolis on oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, and athletic performance in healthy active subjects. METHODS This clinical trial was conducted on 54 male military cadets. Eligible subjects were randomly allocated to receive a single dose of 450 mg propolis twice daily for four weeks or a matching placebo containing microcrystalline cellulose. Cooper 12-min run test and running-based anaerobic sprint test were performed to measure aerobic and anaerobic performance. Blood samples were obtained immediately after Cooper's test to evaluate oxidative stress and inflammation status. Fat mass and fat-free mass were analyzed using bioelectrical impedance. RESULTS Mean changes in fat mass, fat-free mass, anaerobic powers, fatigue index, and VO2 max did not differ significantly between the two groups after the adjustment for baseline values (P-value>0.05). A significant change was observed in plasma levels of IL-6 (-1.43 ± 0.11pg/mL), total oxidant status (-3.9 ± 0.2µmol/L), total antioxidant capacity (164 ± 12 µmol/L), malondialdehyde (-0.52 ± 0.03µmol/L), oxidative stress index (-0.45 ± 0.04), and glutathione (48.72±2µmol/L) in the propolis group compared with the placebo group after the adjustment for baseline values and weight changes (P-value<0.05). Although IL-10 concentrations had no significant changes in both groups, the ratio of IL-6/IL-10 significantly reduced in the propolis group compared with the placebo group (-0.174 ± 0.015 versus. 0.051 ± 0.014; P-value: 0.041). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that propolis might have beneficial effects on oxidative stress and inflammation following intense activities in healthy male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Soleimani
- Department of Health, Science and Research BranchAJA University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Mahsa Miryan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Vahid Hadi
- Department of Health, Science and Research BranchAJA University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Jalal Moludi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Sayed Mazaher Sayedi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food ScienceIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food ScienceIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food ScienceIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Ehsan Sadeghi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH)Kermanshah University of medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Ali Ashraf Rashidi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Saeid Hadi
- Department of Health, Science and Research BranchAJA University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Apitherapy for Age-Related Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction (Sarcopenia): A Review on the Effects of Royal Jelly, Propolis, and Bee Pollen. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101362. [PMID: 32992744 PMCID: PMC7601109 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic of sarcopenia, skeletal muscle loss and weakness, which prevails in up to 50% of older adults is increasing worldwide due to the expansion of aging populations. It is now striking young and midlife adults as well because of sedentary lifestyle and increased intake of unhealthy food (e.g., western diet). The lockdown measures and economic turndown associated with the current outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) are likely to increase the prevalence of sarcopenia by promoting sedentarism and unhealthy patterns of eating. Sarcopenia has multiple detrimental effects including falls, hospitalization, disability, and institutionalization. Although a few pharmacological agents (e.g., bimagrumab, sarconeos, and exercise mimetics) are being explored in different stages of trials, not a single drug has been approved for sarcopenia treatment. Hence, research has focused on testing the effect of nutraceuticals, such as bee products, as safe treatments to prevent and/or treat sarcopenia. Royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen are common bee products that are rich in highly potent antioxidants such as flavonoids, phenols, and amino acids. These products, in order, stimulate larval development into queen bees, promote defenses of the bee hive against microbial and environmental threats, and increase royal jelly production by nurse bees. Thanks to their versatile pharmacological activities (e.g., anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, etc.), these products have been used to treat multiple chronic conditions that predispose to muscle wasting such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorder, and cancer, to name a few. They were also used in some evolving studies to treat sarcopenia in laboratory animals and, to a limited degree, in humans. However, a collective understanding of the effect and mechanism of action of these products in skeletal muscle is not well-developed. Therefore, this review examines the literature for possible effects of royal jelly, bee pollen, and propolis on skeletal muscle in aged experimental models, muscle cell cultures, and humans. Collectively, data from reviewed studies denote varying levels of positive effects of bee products on muscle mass, strength, and function. The likely underlying mechanisms include amelioration of inflammation and oxidative damages, promotion of metabolic regulation, enhancement of satellite stem cell responsiveness, improvement of muscular blood supply, inhibition of catabolic genes, and promotion of peripheral neuronal regeneration. This review offers suggestions for other mechanisms to be explored and provides guidance for future trials investigating the effects of bee products among people with sarcopenia.
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Zeitoun R, Najjar F, Wehbi B, Khalil A, Fayyad-Kazan M, Dagher-Hamalian C, Faour WH, El-Makhour Y. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity Evaluation of the Lebanese Propolis Extract. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:84-96. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190206201241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees and known to possess antioxidant,
antimicrobial, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities.
Objective:
This study is aimed at evaluating the in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of the
Crude Ethanolic Extract (CE) of Lebanese propolis and its Ethyl Acetate Fraction (EAF).
Method:
Chemical content of propolis was characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography
and LC-MS/MS. COX-2 and iNOS protein expression, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin
(PGE2) release in LPS-activated RAW monocytes were achieved respectively by western blot and
spectrophotometry. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Measurement
of paw thickness in carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice and pathologic assessment of inflammation
in paw sections were used to judge the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis.
Results:
Pathology analysis revealed in the treated group significant reduction of immune cell infiltration
and edema. Both extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant
effects in LPS-treated RAW cells characterized by the inhibition of COX-2 and iNOS protein
expression, as well as PGE2 and NO release. Chemical analysis of the crude extract and its ethyl acetate
fraction identified 28 different compounds of which two phenolic acids and nine other flavonoids
were also quantified. Ferulic acid, caffeic acid, chrysin, galangin, quercetin, and pinocembrin were
among the most representative compounds.
Conclusion:
Lebanese propolis is rich in a various amount of flavonoids which showed promising antiinflammatory
and antioxidant properties. Additionally, chemical analysis showed unique chemical
compositions with the potential of identifying ingredients with interesting anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Zeitoun
- Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon
| | - Fadia Najjar
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Therapeutique, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Batoul Wehbi
- Faculty of Sciences I, Hadath Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alia Khalil
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine (ULB Unit), CHU de Charleroi, A. Vesale Hospital, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny le Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Institut de Biologie et de Medecine Moleculaires, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Wissam H. Faour
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Yolla El-Makhour
- Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon
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Ostjen CA, Rosa CGS, Hartmann RM, Schemitt EG, Colares JR, Marroni NP. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of melatonin on recovery from muscular trauma induced in rats. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 106:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Belhan S, Çomaklı S, Küçükler S, Gülyüz F, Yıldırım S, Yener Z. Effect of chrysin on methotrexate-induced testicular damage in rats. Andrologia 2018; 51:e13145. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saadet Belhan
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Faculty; Yuzuncu Yıl University; Van Turkey
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Veterinary Faculty; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - Fetih Gülyüz
- Department of Zootechnics; Akdeniz University; Antalya Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - Zabit Yener
- Department of Pathology, Veterinary Faculty; Yuzuncu Yıl University; Van Turkey
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13
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Li L, Sun W, Wu T, Lu R, Shi B. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester attenuates lipopolysaccharide-stimulated proinflammatory responses in human gingival fibroblasts via NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 794:61-68. [PMID: 27832944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases often begin with chronic gingival inflammation, which causes the destruction of periodontal tissues. Inflammatory immune responses from host cells to bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), cause periodontal degradation. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are the major cells in periodontal soft tissues. When stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), HGFs could secrete several pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as interleukins (ILs) IL-6, IL-8, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is the main active component of propolis, which is collected by honeybees from different plants and known for its anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory effects of CAPE on the LPS-induced HGFs were demonstrated in this study. HGFs were pretreated with CAPE (10, 20, and 30µm) for 1h, followed by LPS stimulation (1μg/ml) for 24h. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the production of IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, and COX-2, as well as the activation of TLR4-mediated NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK signaling pathways. The results indicated that CAPE inhibits LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, and COX-2 production in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, CAPE suppresses LPS-induced TLR4/MyD88 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation. In addition, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation was inhibited by CAPE. These results demonstrated that CAPE could be effective for treating of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Lu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Shi
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Miyatake S, Bilan PJ, Pillon NJ, Klip A. Contracting C2C12 myotubes release CCL2 in an NF-κB-dependent manner to induce monocyte chemoattraction. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E160-70. [PMID: 26554595 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00325.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Muscle inflammation following exercise is characterized by expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Exercise also increases muscle macrophages derived from circulating monocytes. However, it is unknown whether muscle cells themselves attract circulating monocytes, or what is the underlying mechanism. We used an in vitro system of electrical stimulation (ES) causing C2C12 myotube contraction to explore whether monocyte chemoattraction ensues and investigated the mediating chemoattractants. Conditioned medium from ES-contracted myotubes caused robust chemoattraction of THP-1 monocytes across Boyden chambers. Following ES, expression of several known monocyte chemokines [C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)1, -2, and -5] was elevated, but of these, only recombinant CCL2 effectively reproduced monocyte migration. Electrically stimulated myotubes secreted CCL2, and neutralization of CCL2 in conditioned medium or antagonizing the CCL2 receptor (CCR2) in THP-1 monocytes inhibited ES-induced monocyte migration. N-benzyl-p-toluene sulfonamide (BTS), a myosin II-ATPase inhibitor, prevented ES-induced myotube contraction but not CCL2 gene expression and secretion. The membrane-permeant calcium chelator BAPTA-AM reduced ES-induced CCL2 secretion. Hence, electrical depolarization, rather than mechanical contraction, drives the rise in CCL2, with partial calcium input. ES activated the NF-κB pathway; NF-κB inhibitors reduced ES-induced CCL2 gene expression and secretion and repressed ES-induced THP-1 chemoattraction. Thus, electrically stimulated myotubes chemoattract monocytes through NF-κB-regulated CCL2 secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouta Miyatake
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip J Bilan
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas J Pillon
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Armutcu F, Akyol S, Ustunsoy S, Turan FF. Therapeutic potential of caffeic acid phenethyl ester and its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects (Review). Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:1582-1588. [PMID: 26136862 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a naturally occurring compound isolated from propolis extract, has been reported to have a number of biological and pharmacological properties, exerting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. Recent in vivo and in vitro study findings have provided novel insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of this natural compound. CAPE has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties involving the inhibition of certain enzyme activities, such as xanthine oxidase, cyclooxygenase and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. Since inflammation and immune mechanisms play a crucial role in the onset of several inflammatory diseases, the inhibition of NF-κB represents a rationale for the development of novel and safe anti-inflammatory agents. The primary goal of the present review is to highlight the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of CAPE, and critically evaluate its potential therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferah Armutcu
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Sumeyya Akyol
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara 06010, Turkey
| | - Seyfettin Ustunsoy
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Fatih University, Istanbul 34500, Turkey
| | - Fatime Filiz Turan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Fatih University, Istanbul 34500, Turkey
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16
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Rodriguez-Miguelez P, Lima-Cabello E, Martínez-Flórez S, Almar M, Cuevas MJ, González-Gallego J. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 modulates the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase induced by eccentric exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 118:1075-83. [PMID: 25749442 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00780.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of acute and chronic eccentric exercise on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α activation response and the concomitant modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in rat skeletal muscle. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three experimental groups: rested control group, acutely exercised group after an intermittent downhill protocol for 90 min, and acutely exercise group with a previous eccentric training of 8 wk. HIF-1α activation, VEGF and eNOS gene expression, protein content, and promoter activation were assessed in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies. Acute eccentric exercise induced a marked activation of HIF-1α and resulted in increased VEGF and eNOS mRNA level and protein concentration. The binding of HIF-1α to the VEGF and eNOS promoters, measured by a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, was undetectable in rested rats, whereas it was evident in acutely exercised animals. Acute exercise also increased myeloperoxidase, toll-like receptor-4, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β protein content, suggesting a contribution of proinflammatory stimuli to HIF-1α activation and VEGF overexpression. All of these effects were partially abolished by training. Moreover, training resulted in an increased capillary density. In summary, our findings indicate that eccentric exercise prompts an HIF-1α response in untrained skeletal muscle that contributes to the upregulation of VEGF and eNOS gene expression and is attenuated after an eccentric training program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mar Almar
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - María J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
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17
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Fouad AA, Jresat I. Thymoquinone therapy abrogates toxic effect of cadmium on rat testes. Andrologia 2014; 47:417-26. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Fouad
- Pharmacology Division; Department of Biomedical Sciences; College of Medicine; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
| | - I. Jresat
- Pathology Division; Department of Biomedical Sciences; College of Medicine; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
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18
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Polyphenols in exercise performance and prevention of exercise-induced muscle damage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:825928. [PMID: 23983900 PMCID: PMC3742027 DOI: 10.1155/2013/825928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Although moderate physical exercise is considered an essential component of a healthy lifestyle that leads the organism to adapt itself to different stresses, exercise, especially when exhaustive, is also known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle damage. Many efforts have been carried out to identify dietary strategies or micronutrients able to prevent or at least attenuate the exercise-induced muscle damage and stress. Unfortunately most studies have failed to show protection, and at the present time data supporting the protective effect of micronutrients, as antioxidant vitamins, are weak and trivial. This review focuses on those polyphenols, present in the plant kingdom, that have been recently suggested to exert some positive effects on exercise-induced muscle damage and oxidative stress. In the last decade flavonoids as quercetin, catechins, and other polyphenols as resveratrol have caught the scientists attention. However, at the present time drawing a clear and definitive conclusion seems to be untimely.
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