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Liu P, Gao S, Li Z, Pan S, Luo G, Ji Z. Endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes inhibit pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell in vitro proliferation and resistance to apoptosis by modulating the Mitofusin-2 and Ras-Raf-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 949:175725. [PMID: 37068578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) mainly occurs as a result of abnormal proliferation and apoptosis resistance of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes (Exos) (EPC-Exos) relieve PAH. However, there is still insufficient knowledge of whether EPC-Exos contribute to the pathological process of PAH, especially for PASMC repair. This study aimed to determine the effects of EPC-Exos on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of PASMCs and explore the possible underlying molecular mechanisms through bioinformatics analysis and in vitro testing. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the Ras signaling pathway and Exos were crucial in PAH. The PAH differential microRNAs (miRNAs) and miRNAs identified in EPC-Exos were intersected to obtain miR-21-5p. A target gene prediction program predicted mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) as a potential target of miR-21-5p. Cellular experiments demonstrated that EPC-Exos attenuated the viability, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis resistance of PASMCs under hypoxia. Mechanistically, EPC-Exos significantly upregulated Mfn2 expression and attenuated Ras-Raf-ERK1/2 signaling pathway activity. In conclusion, EPC-Exos suppress cell viability, proliferation, and migration and promote apoptosis in PASMCs under hypoxic conditions. It is possible to transport miR-21-5p to improve the expression of Mfn2 and inhibit the Ras-Raf-ERK1/2 signaling pathway directly or by targeting the expression of Mfn2. EPC-Exos are a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- Heart center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266034, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Heart center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266034, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Heart center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266034, China
| | - Silin Pan
- Heart center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266034, China.
| | - Gang Luo
- Heart center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266034, China
| | - Zhixian Ji
- Heart center, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266034, China
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2
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Mühlfeld C. Stereology and three-dimensional reconstructions to analyze the pulmonary vasculature. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 156:83-93. [PMID: 34272602 PMCID: PMC8397636 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The pulmonary vasculature consists of a large arterial and venous tree with a vast alveolar capillary network (ACN) in between. Both conducting blood vessels and the gas-exchanging capillaries are part of important human lung diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Morphological tools to investigate the different parts of the pulmonary vasculature quantitatively and in three dimensions are crucial for a better understanding of the contribution of the blood vessels to the pathophysiology and effects of lung diseases. In recent years, new stereological methods and imaging techniques have expanded the analytical tool box and therefore the conclusive power of morphological analyses of the pulmonary vasculature. Three of these developments are presented and discussed in this review article, namely (1) stereological quantification of the number of capillary loops, (2) serial block-face scanning electron microscopy of the ACN and (3) labeling of branching generations in light microscopic sections based on arterial tree segmentations of micro-computed tomography data sets of whole lungs. The implementation of these approaches in research work requires expertise in lung preparation, multimodal imaging at different scales, an advanced IT infrastructure and expertise in image analysis. However, they are expected to provide important data that cannot be obtained by previously existing methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mühlfeld
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany. .,Research Core Unit Electron Microscopy, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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3
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Lee EJ, Jain M, Alimperti S. Bone Microvasculature: Stimulus for Tissue Function and Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:313-329. [PMID: 32940150 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a highly vascularized organ, providing structural support to the body, and its development, regeneration, and remodeling depend on the microvascular homeostasis. Loss or impairment of vascular function can develop diseases, such as large bone defects, avascular necrosis, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and osteopetrosis. In this review, we summarize how vasculature controls bone development and homeostasis in normal and disease cases. A better understanding of this process will facilitate the development of novel disease treatments that promote bone regeneration and remodeling. Specifically, approaches based on tissue engineering components, such as stem cells and growth factors, have demonstrated the capacity to induce bone microvasculature regeneration and mineralization. This knowledge will have relevant clinical implications for the treatment of bone disorders by developing novel pharmaceutical approaches and bone grafts. Finally, the tissue engineering approaches incorporating vascular components may widely be applied to treat other organ diseases by enhancing their regeneration capacity. Impact statement Bone vasculature is imperative in the process of bone development, regeneration, and remodeling. Alterations or disruption of the bone vasculature leads to loss of bone homeostasis and the development of bone diseases. In this study, we review the role of vasculature on bone diseases and how vascular tissue engineering strategies, with a detailed emphasis on the role of stem cells and growth factors, will contribute to bone therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jin Lee
- American Dental Association Science and Research Institute, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Mahim Jain
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Stella Alimperti
- American Dental Association Science and Research Institute, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
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4
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Cadiz L, Jonz MG. A comparative perspective on lung and gill regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 223:223/19/jeb226076. [PMID: 33037099 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.226076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ability to continuously grow and regenerate the gills throughout life is a remarkable property of fish and amphibians. Considering that gill regeneration was first described over one century ago, it is surprising that the underlying mechanisms of cell and tissue replacement in the gills remain poorly understood. By contrast, the mammalian lung is a largely quiescent organ in adults but is capable of facultative regeneration following injury. In the course of the past decade, it has been recognized that lungs contain a population of stem or progenitor cells with an extensive ability to restore tissue; however, despite recent advances in regenerative biology of the lung, the signaling pathways that underlie regeneration are poorly understood. In this Review, we discuss the common evolutionary and embryological origins shared by gills and mammalian lungs. These are evident in homologies in tissue structure, cell populations, cellular function and genetic pathways. An integration of the literature on gill and lung regeneration in vertebrates is presented using a comparative approach in order to outline the challenges that remain in these areas, and to highlight the importance of using aquatic vertebrates as model organisms. The study of gill regeneration in fish and amphibians, which have a high regenerative potential and for which genetic tools are widely available, represents a unique opportunity to uncover common signaling mechanisms that may be important for regeneration of respiratory organs in all vertebrates. This may lead to new advances in tissue repair following lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cadiz
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Pvt., Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5
| | - Michael G Jonz
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Pvt., Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5
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5
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He M, Cui T, Cai Q, Wang H, Kong H, Xie W. Iptakalim ameliorates hypoxia-impaired human endothelial colony-forming cells proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis via Akt/eNOS pathways. Pulm Circ 2019; 9:2045894019875417. [PMID: 31692706 DOI: 10.1177/2045894019875417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-associated pulmonary hypertension is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling. Pulmonary arterial endothelial cells dysfunction is considered as the initial event. As precursor of endothelial cells, endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) play significant roles in maintenance of endothelium integrity and restoration of normal endothelial cell function. Accumulating data have indicated that hypoxia leads to a decrease in the number and function of ECFCs with defective capacity of endothelial regeneration. Previous studies have reported that the activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) shows therapeutic effects in pulmonary hypertension. However, there have been few reports focusing on the impact of KATP on ECFC function under hypoxic condition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the opening of KATP could regulate hypoxia-induced ECFC dysfunction. Using ECFCs derived from adult peripheral blood, we observed that Iptakalim (Ipt), a novel KATP opener (KCO), significantly promoted ECFC function including cellular viability, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis compared with ECFCs exposed to hypoxia. Glibenclamide (Gli), a nonselective KATP blocker, could eliminate the effects. The protective role of Ipt is attributed to an increased production of nitric oxide (NO), as well as an enhanced activation of angiogenic transduction pathways, containing Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Our observations demonstrated that KATP activation could improve ECFC function in hypoxia via Akt/endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathways, which may constitute increase ECFC therapeutic potential for hypoxia-associated pulmonary hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Cui
- The Inspection Department of the first Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Iranmehr A, Stobdan T, Zhou D, Poulsen O, Strohl KP, Aldashev A, Telenti A, Wong EHM, Kirkness EF, Venter JC, Bafna V, Haddad GG. Novel insight into the genetic basis of high-altitude pulmonary hypertension in Kyrgyz highlanders. Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:150-159. [PMID: 30254217 PMCID: PMC6303266 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0270-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Central Asian Kyrgyz highland population provides a unique opportunity to address genetic diversity and understand the genetic mechanisms underlying high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). Although a significant fraction of the population is unaffected, there are susceptible individuals who display HAPH in the absence of any lung, cardiac or hematologic disease. We report herein the analysis of the whole-genome sequencing of healthy individuals compared with HAPH patients and other controls (total n = 33). Genome scans reveal selection signals in various regions, encompassing multiple genes from the first whole-genome sequences focusing on HAPH. We show here evidence of three candidate genes MTMR4, TMOD3 and VCAM1 that are functionally associated with well-known molecular and pathophysiological processes and which likely lead to HAPH in this population. These processes are (a) dysfunctional BMP signaling, (b) disrupted tissue repair processes and (c) abnormal endothelial cell function. Whole-genome sequence of well-characterized patients and controls and using multiple statistical tools uncovered novel candidate genes that belong to pathways central to the pathogenesis of HAPH. These studies on high-altitude human populations are pertinent to the understanding of sea level diseases involving hypoxia as a main element of their pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Iranmehr
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Tsering Stobdan
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dan Zhou
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Orit Poulsen
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kingman P Strohl
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Almaz Aldashev
- National Academy of Sciences, Bishkek, 720071, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Amalio Telenti
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | | | - J Craig Venter
- Human Longevity Inc., San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Vineet Bafna
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gabriel G Haddad
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.
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7
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Luo L, Zheng W, Lian G, Chen H, Li L, Xu C, Xie L. Combination treatment of adipose-derived stem cells and adiponectin attenuates pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats by inhibiting pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation and regulating the AMPK/BMP/Smad pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:51-60. [PMID: 29115380 PMCID: PMC5746303 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effects of therapy with adiponectin (APN) gene-modified adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in rats and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. ADSCs were successfully isolated from the rats and characterized. ADSCs were effectively infected with the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-empty (ADSCs-V) or the APN-GFP (ADSCs-APN) lentivirus and the APN expression was evaluated by ELISA. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered monocrotaline (MCT) to develop PAH. The rats were treated with MCT, ADSCs, ADSCs-V and ADSCs-APN. Then ADSCs-APN in the lung were investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy and western blot analysis. Engrafted ADSCs in the lung were located around the vessels. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and the right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) in the ADSCs-APN-treated mice were significantly decreased as compared with the ADSCs and ADSCs-V treatments. Pulmonary vascular remodeling was assessed. Right ventricular (RV) function was evaluated by echocardiography. We found that pulmonary vascular remodeling and the parameters of RV function were extensively improved after ADSCs-APN treatment when compared with ADSCs and ADSCs-V treatment. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated from the PAH rats. The antiproliferative effect of APN on PASMCs was assayed by Cell Counting Kit-8. The influence of APN and specific inhibitors on the levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), and small mothers against decapentaplegia (Smad) pathways was detected by western blot analysis. We found that APN suppressed the proliferation of PASMCs isolated from the PAH rats by regulating the AMPK/BMP/Smad pathway. This effect was weakened by addition of the AMPK inhibitor (compound C) and BMP2 inhibitor (noggin). Therefore, combination treatment with ADSCs and APN effectively attenuated PAH in rats by inhibiting PASMC proliferation and regulating the AMPK/BMP/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Wuhong Zheng
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Guili Lian
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Huaning Chen
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Changsheng Xu
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Liangdi Xie
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
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8
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Chen H, Yang H, Yue H, Strappe PM, Xia P, Pan L, Zhang Y, Chai S, Chen S, Ma L, Wang L. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing eNOS and a Cav1 Mutant Inhibit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Hypertension. Heart Lung Circ 2017; 26:509-518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Heise RL, Link PA, Farkas L. From Here to There, Progenitor Cells and Stem Cells Are Everywhere in Lung Vascular Remodeling. Front Pediatr 2016; 4:80. [PMID: 27583245 PMCID: PMC4988064 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2016.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of stem cell biology, cell therapy, and regenerative medicine has expanded almost exponentially, in the last decade. Clinical trials are evaluating the potential therapeutic use of stem cells in many adult and pediatric lung diseases with vascular component, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Extensive research activity is exploring the lung resident and circulating progenitor cells and their contribution to vascular complications of chronic lung diseases, and researchers hope to use resident or circulating stem/progenitor cells to treat chronic lung diseases and their vascular complications. It is becoming more and more clear that progress in mechanobiology will help to understand the various influences of physical forces and extracellular matrix composition on the phenotype and features of the progenitor cells and stem cells. The current review provides an overview of current concepts in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
| | - Patrick A Link
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA
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10
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Exploring the monocrotaline animal model for the study of pulmonary arterial hypertension: A network approach. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2015; 35:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Jungebluth P, Holzgraefe B, Lim ML, Duru AD, Lundin V, Heldring N, Wiklander OPB, Nordin JZ, Chrobok M, Roderburg C, Sjöqvist S, Anderstam B, Beltrán Rodríguez A, Haag JC, Gustafsson Y, Roddewig KG, Jones P, Wood MJA, Luedde T, Teixeira AI, Hermanson O, Winqvist O, Kalzén H, El Andaloussi S, Alici E, Macchiarini P. Autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as Treatment in Refractory Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Respiration 2015; 90:481-492. [PMID: 26613253 DOI: 10.1159/000441799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating disorder. Despite enormous efforts in clinical research, effective treatment options are lacking, and mortality rates remain unacceptably high. OBJECTIVES A male patient with severe ARDS showed no clinical improvement with conventional therapies. Hence, an emergent experimental intervention was performed. METHODS We performed intratracheal administration of autologous peripheral blood-derived mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and erythropoietin (EPO). RESULTS We found that after 2 days of initial PBMC/EPO application, lung function improved and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support was reduced. Bronchoscopy and serum inflammatory markers revealed reduced inflammation. Additionally, serum concentration of miR-449a, b, c and miR-34a, a transient upregulation of E-cadherin and associated chromatin marks in PBMCs indicated airway epithelial differentiation. Extracellular vesicles from PBMCs demonstrated anti-inflammatory capacity in a TNF-α-mediated nuclear factor-x03BA;B in vitro assay. Despite improving respiratory function, the patient died of multisystem organ failure on day 38 of ECMO treatment. CONCLUSIONS This case report provides initial encouraging evidence to use locally instilled PBMC/EPO for treatment of severe refractory ARDS. The observed clinical improvement may partially be due to the anti-inflammatory effects of PBMC/EPO to promote tissue regeneration. Further studies are needed for more in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms of in vivo regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jungebluth
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat, Advanced Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Department for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Rogers NM, Isenberg JS. Endothelial cell global positioning system for pulmonary arterial hypertension: homing in on vascular repair. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1336-8. [PMID: 24951651 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha M Rogers
- From the Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine (N.M.R., J.S.I.), Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery (N.M.R., J.S.I.), and Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (J.S.I.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- From the Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine (N.M.R., J.S.I.), Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery (N.M.R., J.S.I.), and Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine (J.S.I.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
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13
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Fu J, Chen YF, Zhao X, Creighton JR, Guo Y, Hage FG, Oparil S, Xing DD. Targeted delivery of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells overexpressing interleukin-8 receptors attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1539-47. [PMID: 24790141 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-8 (IL-8) receptors IL8RA and IL8RB (IL8RA/B) on neutrophil membranes bind to IL-8 with high affinity and play a critical role in neutrophil recruitment to sites of injury and inflammation. This study tested the hypothesis that administration of rat pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (ECs) overexpressing IL8RA/B can accelerate the adhesion of ECs to the injured lung and inhibit monocrotaline-induced pulmonary inflammation, arterial thickening and hypertension, and right ventricular hypertrophy. APPROACH AND RESULTS The treatment groups included 10-week-old ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats that received subcutaneous injection of PBS (vehicle), a single injection of monocrotaline (monocrotaline alone, 60 mg/kg, SC), monocrotaline followed by intravenous transfusion of ECs transduced with the empty adenoviral vector (null-EC), and monocrotaline followed by intravenous transfusion of ECs overexpressing IL8RA/B (1.5 × 10(6) cells/rat). Two days or 4 weeks after monocrotaline treatment, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2β (IL-8 equivalent in rat), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression, neutrophil and macrophage infiltration into pulmonary arterioles, and arteriolar and alveolar morphology were measured by histological and immunohistochemical techniques. Proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine protein levels were measured by Multiplex rat-specific magnetic bead-based sandwich immunoassay in total lung homogenates. Transfusion of ECs overexpressing IL8RA/B significantly reduced monocrotaline-induced neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory mediator (IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2) expression in lungs and pulmonary arterioles and alveoli, pulmonary arterial pressure, and pulmonary arterial and right ventricular hypertrophy and remodeling. CONCLUSIONS These provocative findings suggest that targeted delivery of ECs overexpressing IL8RA/B is effective in repairing the injured pulmonary vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Fu
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.)
| | - Yiu-Fai Chen
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.)
| | - Xiangmin Zhao
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.)
| | - Judy R Creighton
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.)
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.)
| | - Fadi G Hage
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.)
| | - Suzanne Oparil
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.)
| | - Daisy D Xing
- From the Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine (J.F., Y.-F.C., X.Z., Y.G., F.G.H., S.O., D.D.X.) and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (J.R.C.); Department of Biochemistry and the Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Xinjiang, China (J.F.); and Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Medical Center, AL (F.G.H.).
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14
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Endothelial progenitor cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Heart Lung Circ 2014; 23:595-601. [PMID: 24680485 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterised by lung endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular remodelling. A number of studies now suggest that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may induce neovascularisation and could be a promising approach for cell based therapy for PAH. On the contrary EPCs may contribute to pulmonary vascular remodelling, particularly in end-stage pulmonary disease. This review article will provide a brief summary of the relationship between PAH and EPCs, the application of the EPCs to PAH and highlight the potential clinical application of the EPCs cell therapy to PAH.
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