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Marc S, Crăciun IC, Sicoe B, Savici J, Boldura OM, Paul C, Otavă G, Văduva C, Stancu A. Monosymmetros Cephalothoracopagus Tetrabrachius and Tetrapus Piglets with Syndromic Evolution. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2127. [PMID: 39061589 PMCID: PMC11274208 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Conjoined twins are rare congenital malformations that have been reported in mammals. Two different cases are presented in this study. Case No. 1 features monocephalic, thoracopagus-conjoined twin piglets with anencephaly and palatoschisis of the Pietrain breed, and case No. 2 features monocephalic, thoracopagus conjoined twin piglets with palatoschisis and bifid root tongue of a mixed breed. These cases were examined using post-mortem and computed tomography (CT) examinations. In both cases, the conjoined symmetrical twins had a single head, one neck, and fused thoracic cavities, while the abdominal cavities were separated. Similarly, in both cases, they had four forelimbs and four hindlimbs and duplicated foramen magnum. During CT examination, in case No. 1, severe abnormalities were observed in the skull and vertebral column. In the left twin, occult dysraphism was seen from the C2 vertebra until the end of the vertebral column, and in the right twin, from the C3 vertebra until the end of the state vertebral level. In case No. 2, the oral cavity contained a tongue with a bifid root connected with one hyoid bone, and the soft palate presented a small cleft. During CT examination, the parietal bone and the occipital bones were partially duplicated. This case also presented occult dysraphism, but only in the cervical vertebrae, C1-C6 for the left twin and C1-C5 for the right twin. In both cases, abnormalities of the internal organs were revealed during necropsy. Conjoined twins with multiple congenital anomalies presented here enhance our understanding of the various clinical forms of conjoined cases in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Marc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Ioan Claudiu Crăciun
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Bogdan Sicoe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Jelena Savici
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Oana Maria Boldura
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Cristina Paul
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University Timișoara, Vasile Pârvan 6, 300223 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Gabriel Otavă
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Cristina Văduva
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Adrian Stancu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timișoara, Romania; (S.M.); (I.C.C.); (B.S.); (J.S.); (O.M.B.); (G.O.); (C.V.); (A.S.)
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Cistaro A, Schiera IG, Fania P, Tognon F, Liava A, Danesino C, Albani G, Guala A, Vogrig A, Quartuccio N. 18F-FDG PET brain findings in disease-discordant monozygotic mosaic twins with Cri du Chat (5p-) syndrome. Neurocase 2021; 27:319-322. [PMID: 34338587 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2021.1957118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We describe the first report on the genotype-phenotype patterns and [18F] fluoro-deoxygluycose (18F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) findings in two disease-discordant monozygotic twins with Cri du Chat syndrome (CdcS) presenting deletion of 5p, 46, XY, del(5)(p14)/46, XY. One twin showed a severe phenotype; significant 18F-FDG PET hypometabolism (p=0.001) was revealed in the left and right hemispheres, thalamus, cerebellum, and midbrain, whereas hypermetabolism was detected in the left premotor cortex. The other twin presented a mild phenotype; significant hypometabolism was detected only in the right side (parahippoccampal gyrus and cerebellum). Further studies should investigate the causes of phenotypic discordance in twins with CdcS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Cistaro
- Scientific Committee of Associazione Bambini Cri Du Chat (ABC), Florence, Italy
- AIMN Pediatric Study Group, Milan, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Salus Alliance Medical, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabio Tognon
- Scientific Committee of Associazione Bambini Cri Du Chat (ABC), Florence, Italy
| | - Alexandra Liava
- Scientific Committee of Associazione Bambini Cri Du Chat (ABC), Florence, Italy
- Child Neuropsychiatric Unit, Castelli Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | - Cesare Danesino
- Scientific Committee of Associazione Bambini Cri Du Chat (ABC), Florence, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Albani
- Scientific Committee of Associazione Bambini Cri Du Chat (ABC), Florence, Italy
- Department of Neurology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Andrea Guala
- Scientific Committee of Associazione Bambini Cri Du Chat (ABC), Florence, Italy
- Division of Paediatrics, Castelli Hospital, Verbania, Italy
| | - Alberto Vogrig
- Clinical Neurology Unit, Santa Maria Della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Natale Quartuccio
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, ARNAS Ospedali Civico, Di Cristina E Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy
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Radley JA, O'Sullivan RB, Turton SE, Cox H, Vogt J, Morton J, Jones E, Smithson S, Lachlan K, Rankin J, Clayton-Smith J, Willoughby J, Elmslie FF, Sansbury FH, Cooper N, Balasubramanian M. Deep phenotyping of 14 new patients with IQSEC2
variants, including monozygotic twins of discordant phenotype. Clin Genet 2019; 95:496-506. [PMID: 30666632 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Radley
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners; Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Birmingham UK
| | | | - Sarah E. Turton
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Birmingham UK
| | - Helen Cox
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners; Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Birmingham UK
| | - Julie Vogt
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners; Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Birmingham UK
| | - Jenny Morton
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners; Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Birmingham UK
| | - Elizabeth Jones
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Sarah Smithson
- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust; Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital; Bristol UK
| | - Katherine Lachlan
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service; University Hospitals of Southampton NHS Trust; Southampton UK
| | - Julia Rankin
- Peninsula Clinical Genetics; Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Trust; Exeter UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences; University of Manchester; Manchester UK
| | - Josh Willoughby
- Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service; Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Sheffield UK
| | - Frances F. Elmslie
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Service; St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - Francis H. Sansbury
- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust; Clinical Genetics, St. Michael's Hospital; Bristol UK
- All Wales Medical Genetics Service, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Institute of Medical Genetics; University Hospital of Wales; Cardiff UK
| | - Nicola Cooper
- West Midlands Regional Clinical Genetics Service and Birmingham Health Partners; Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Birmingham UK
| | - Meena Balasubramanian
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service; Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Sheffield UK
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Department of Oncology and Metabolism; University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
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Lyu G, Zhang C, Ling T, Liu R, Zong L, Guan Y, Huang X, Sun L, Zhang L, Li C, Nie Y, Tao W. Genome and epigenome analysis of monozygotic twins discordant for congenital heart disease. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:428. [PMID: 29866040 PMCID: PMC5987557 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading non-infectious cause of death in infants. Monozygotic (MZ) twins share nearly all of their genetic variants before and after birth. Nevertheless, MZ twins are sometimes discordant for common complex diseases. The goal of this study is to identify genomic and epigenomic differences between a pair of twins discordant for a form of congenital heart disease, double outlet right ventricle (DORV). RESULTS A monoamniotic monozygotic (MZ) twin pair discordant for DORV were subjected to genome-wide sequencing and methylation analysis. We identified few genomic differences but 1566 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the MZ twins. Twenty percent (312/1566) of the DMRs are located within 2 kb upstream of transcription start sites (TSS), containing 121 binding sites of transcription factors. Particularly, ZIC3 and NR2F2 are found to have hypermethylated promoters in both the diseased twin and additional patients suffering from DORV. CONCLUSIONS The results showed a high correlation between hypermethylated promoters at ZIC3 and NR2F2 and down-regulated gene expression levels of these two genes in patients with DORV compared to normal controls, providing new insight into the potential mechanism of this rare form of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
- Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Te Ling
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Center for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Le Zong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yiting Guan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Xiaoke Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Lei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Cheng Li
- Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Yu Nie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Center for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100871 China
| | - Wei Tao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China
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Moos WH, Maneta E, Pinkert CA, Irwin MH, Hoffman ME, Faller DV, Steliou K. Epigenetic Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Autism and Schizophrenia. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:53-72. [PMID: 26899191 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders are a heterogeneous group of conditions that often share underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and biological pathways implicated in their pathogenesis, progression, and treatment. To date, these disorders have proven notoriously resistant to molecular-targeted therapies, and clinical options are relegated to interventional types, which do not address the core symptoms of the disease. In this review, we discuss emerging epigenetic-driven approaches using novel acylcarnitine esters (carnitinoids) that act on master regulators of antioxidant and cytoprotective genes and mitophagic pathways. These carnitinoids are actively transported, mitochondria-localizing, biomimetic coenzyme A surrogates of short-chain fatty acids, which inhibit histone deacetylase and may reinvigorate synaptic plasticity and protect against neuronal damage. We outline these neuroprotective effects in the context of treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter H Moos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,SRI Biosciences, A Division of SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Eleni Maneta
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carl A Pinkert
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.,Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Michael H Irwin
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Michelle E Hoffman
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Douglas V Faller
- Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kosta Steliou
- Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,PhenoMatriX, Inc., Boston, MA, USA
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