1
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Maguina M, Kang PB, Tsai AC, Pacak CA. Peripheral neuropathies associated with DNA repair disorders. Muscle Nerve 2023; 67:101-110. [PMID: 36190439 PMCID: PMC10075233 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Repair of genomic DNA is a fundamental housekeeping process that quietly maintains the health of our genomes. The consequences of a genetic defect affecting a component of this delicate mechanism are quite harmful, characterized by a cascade of premature aging that injures a variety of organs, including the nervous system. One part of the nervous system that is impaired in certain DNA repair disorders is the peripheral nerve. Chronic motor, sensory, and sensorimotor polyneuropathies have all been observed in affected individuals, with specific physiologies associated with different categories of DNA repair disorders. Cockayne syndrome has classically been linked to demyelinating polyneuropathies, whereas xeroderma pigmentosum has long been associated with axonal polyneuropathies. Three additional recessive DNA repair disorders are associated with neuropathies, including trichothiodystrophy, Werner syndrome, and ataxia-telangiectasia. Although plausible biological explanations exist for why the peripheral nerves are specifically vulnerable to impairments of DNA repair, specific mechanisms such as oxidative stress remain largely unexplored in this context, and bear further study. It is also unclear why different DNA repair disorders manifest with different types of neuropathy, and why neuropathy is not universally present in those diseases. Longitudinal physiological monitoring of these neuropathies with serial electrodiagnostic studies may provide valuable noninvasive outcome data in the context of future natural history studies, and thus the responses of these neuropathies may become sentinel outcome measures for future clinical trials of treatments currently in development such as adeno-associated virus gene replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Maguina
- Medical Education Program, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Peter B Kang
- Department of Neurology, Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ang-Chen Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Christina A Pacak
- Department of Neurology, Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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2
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Partial lipodystrophy, severe dyslipidaemia and insulin resistant diabetes as early signs of Werner syndrome. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:583-590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Hsu TY, Hsu LN, Chen SY, Juang BT. MUT-7 Provides Molecular Insight into the Werner Syndrome Exonuclease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123457. [PMID: 34943966 PMCID: PMC8700014 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare recessive genetic disease characterized by premature aging. Individuals with this disorder develop normally during childhood, but their physiological conditions exacerbate the aging process in late adolescence. WS is caused by mutation of the human WS gene (WRN), which encodes two main domains, a 3′-5′ exonuclease and a 3′-5′ helicase. Caenorhabditis elegans expresses human WRN orthologs as two different proteins: MUT-7, which has a 3′-5′ exonuclease domain, and C. elegans WRN-1 (CeWRN-1), which has only helicase domains. These unique proteins dynamically regulate olfactory memory in C. elegans, providing insight into the molecular roles of WRN domains in humans. In this review, we specifically focus on characterizing the function of MUT-7 in small interfering RNA (siRNA) synthesis in the cytoplasm and the roles of siRNA in directing nuclear CeWRN-1 loading onto a heterochromatin complex to induce negative feedback regulation. Further studies on the different contributions of the 3′-5′ exonuclease and helicase domains in the molecular mechanism will provide clues to the accelerated aging processes in WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ling-Nung Hsu
- Occupational Safety and Health Office, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Bi-Tzen Juang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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4
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Suárez-Díaz S, Castaño-Álvarez J, Noval-Tuñón I, Coto-Hernández R, Caminal-Montero L. Atypical Werner Syndrome: Another Scleroderma-Like Fibrosing Disorder. J Clin Rheumatol 2021; 27:S761-S763. [PMID: 32732526 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Hsu TY, Zhang B, L'Etoile ND, Juang BT. C. elegans orthologs MUT-7/CeWRN-1 of Werner syndrome protein regulate neuronal plasticity. eLife 2021; 10:62449. [PMID: 33646120 PMCID: PMC7946423 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans expresses human Werner syndrome protein (WRN) orthologs as two distinct proteins: MUT-7, with a 3′−5′ exonuclease domain, and CeWRN-1, with helicase domains. How these domains cooperate remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate the different contributions of MUT-7 and CeWRN-1 to 22G small interfering RNA (siRNA) synthesis and the plasticity of neuronal signaling. MUT-7 acts specifically in the cytoplasm to promote siRNA biogenesis and in the nucleus to associate with CeWRN-1. The import of siRNA by the nuclear Argonaute NRDE-3 promotes the loading of the heterochromatin-binding protein HP1 homolog HPL-2 onto specific loci. This heterochromatin complex represses the gene expression of the guanylyl cyclase ODR-1 to direct olfactory plasticity in C. elegans. Our findings suggest that the exonuclease and helicase domains of human WRN may act in concert to promote RNA-dependent loading into a heterochromatin complex, and the failure of this entire process reduces plasticity in postmitotic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Noelle D L'Etoile
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Bi-Tzen Juang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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6
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Lin AE, Brunetti-Pierri N, Callewaert B, Cormier-Daire V, Douzgou S, Kinane TB, Lindsay ME, Starr LJ. Lack of resemblance between Myhre syndrome and other "segmental progeroid" syndromes warrants restraint in applying this classification. GeroScience 2021; 43:459-461. [PMID: 33630210 PMCID: PMC8110621 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Clinical Genetics, Paris Centre University, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Hôpital Necker enfants, Malades, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Douzgou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicines and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- Cardiovascular Genetics Program, Division of Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lois J Starr
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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7
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He G, Yan Z, Sun L, Lv Y, Guo W, Gang X, Wang G. Diabetes mellitus coexisted with progeria: a case report of atypical Werner syndrome with novel LMNA mutations and literature review. Endocr J 2019; 66:961-969. [PMID: 31270292 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej19-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare, adult-onset progeroid syndrome. Classic WS is caused by WRN mutation and partial atypical WS (AWS) is caused by LMNA mutation. A 19-year-old female patient with irregular menstruation and hyperglycemia was admitted. Physical examination revealed characteristic faces of progeria, graying and thinning of the hair scalp, thinner and atrophic skin over the hands and feet, as well as lipoatrophy of the extremities, undeveloped breasts at Tanner stage 3, and short stature. The patient also suffered from severe insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Possible WS was considered and both WRN and LMNA genes were analyzed. A novel missense mutation p.L140Q (c.419T>A) in the LMNA gene was identified and confirmed the diagnosis of AWS. Her father was a carrier of the same mutation. We carried out therapy for lowering blood glucose and lipid and improving insulin resistance, et al. The fasting glucose, postprandial glucose and triglyceride level was improved after treatment for 9 days. Literature review of AWS was performed to identify characteristics of the disease. Diabetes mellitus is one of the clinical manifestations of WS and attention must give to the differential diagnosis. Gene analysis is critical in the diagnosis of WS. According to the literature, classic and atypical WS differ in incidence, pathogenic gene, and clinical manifestations. Characteristic dermatological pathology may be significantly more important for the initial identification of AWS. Early detection, appropriate treatments, and regular follow-up may improve prognosis and survival of WS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu He
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Zi Yan
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Lin Sun
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130021, China
| | - You Lv
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Weiying Guo
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Xiaokun Gang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Guixia Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, 130021, China
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8
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Studying Werner syndrome to elucidate mechanisms and therapeutics of human aging and age-related diseases. Biogerontology 2019; 20:255-269. [PMID: 30666569 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a natural and unavoidable part of life. However, aging is also the primary driver of the dominant human diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Unraveling the sophisticated molecular mechanisms of the human aging process may provide novel strategies to extend 'healthy aging' and the cure of human aging-related diseases. Werner syndrome (WS), is a heritable human premature aging disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the Werner (WRN) DNA helicase. As a classical premature aging disease, etiological exploration of WS can shed light on the mechanisms of normal human aging and facilitate the development of interventional strategies to improve healthspan. Here, we summarize the latest progress of the molecular understandings of WRN protein, highlight the advantages of using different WS model systems, including Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) systems. Further studies on WS will propel drug development for WS patients, and possibly also for normal age-related diseases.
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9
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Wang LR, Radonjic A, Dilliott AA, McIntyre AD, Hegele RA. A De Novo POLD1 Mutation Associated With Mandibular Hypoplasia, Deafness, Progeroid Features, and Lipodystrophy Syndrome in a Family With Werner Syndrome. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2018; 6:2324709618786770. [PMID: 30023403 PMCID: PMC6047234 DOI: 10.1177/2324709618786770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and lipodystrophy (MDPL) syndrome is a recently recognized genetic disorder comprised of mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and lipodystrophy. It is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in the POLD1 gene, with <20 genetically confirmed cases to date. Clinical overlap with other progeroid syndromes including Werner syndrome (WS) can present diagnostic challenges. Case. The proband is a 36-year-old male of Sicilian ancestry who was phenotypically normal at birth. Onset of lipodystrophic and progeroid features began at 18 months, with progressive loss of subcutaneous fat, prominent eyes, and pinched nose. Over the next 2 decades, he developed hearing loss, small fingers, joint contractures, hypogonadism, osteoporosis, and hypertriglyceridemia. Three of his 4 siblings had premature hair graying and loss, severe bilateral cataracts, skin changes, and varying degrees of age-related metabolic conditions, raising suspicion for a genetic progeroid syndrome. Genetic Analysis. A targeted sequencing panel identified a heterozygous WRN mutation in the proband’s genomic DNA. Sanger sequencing further revealed his parents and an asymptomatic brother to be carriers of this mutation, and in his 3 brothers affected with classic WS the mutation was identified in the homozygous state. Whole exome sequencing ultimately revealed the proband harbored the causative de novo in-frame deletion in POLD1 (p.Ser605del), which is the most common mutation in MDPL patients. Conclusion. We report the unusual convergence of 2 rare progeroid disorders in the same family: the proband displayed sporadic MDPL syndrome, while 3 brothers had classical autosomal recessive WS. Whole exome sequencing was invaluable in clarifying the molecular diagnoses in this family.
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10
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DuBose AJ, Lichtenstein ST, Petrash NM, Erdos MR, Gordon LB, Collins FS. Everolimus rescues multiple cellular defects in laminopathy-patient fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:4206-4211. [PMID: 29581305 PMCID: PMC5910873 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1802811115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
LMNA encodes the A-type lamins that are part of the nuclear scaffold. Mutations in LMNA can cause a variety of disorders called laminopathies, including Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), atypical Werner syndrome, and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy. Previous work has shown that treatment of HGPS cells with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin or with the rapamycin analog everolimus corrects several of the phenotypes seen at the cellular level-at least in part by increasing autophagy and reducing the amount of progerin, the toxic form of lamin A that is overproduced in HGPS patients. Since other laminopathies also result in production of abnormal and potentially toxic lamin proteins, we hypothesized that everolimus would also be beneficial in those disorders. To test this, we applied everolimus to fibroblast cell lines from six laminopathy patients, each with a different mutation in LMNA Everolimus treatment increased proliferative ability and delayed senescence in all cell lines. In several cell lines, we observed that with treatment, there is a significant improvement in nuclear blebbing, which is a cellular hallmark of HGPS and other lamin disorders. These preclinical results suggest that everolimus might have clinical benefit for multiple laminopathy syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J DuBose
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Stephen T Lichtenstein
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Noreen M Petrash
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Michael R Erdos
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Leslie B Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903
- Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Francis S Collins
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
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11
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Sasaki H, Yanagi K, Ugi S, Kobayashi K, Ohkubo K, Tajiri Y, Maegawa H, Kashiwagi A, Kaname T. Definitive diagnosis of mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features and lipodystrophy (MDPL) syndrome caused by a recurrent de novo mutation in the POLD1 gene. Endocr J 2018; 65:227-238. [PMID: 29199204 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Segmental progeroid syndromes with lipodystrophy are extremely rare, heterogeneous, and complex multi-system disorders that are characterized by phenotypic features of premature aging affecting various tissues and organs. In this study, we present a "sporadic/isolated" Japanese woman who was ultimately diagnosed with mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and progressive lipodystrophy (MDPL) syndrome (MIM #615381) using whole exome sequencing analysis. She had been suspected as having atypical Werner syndrome and/or progeroid syndrome based on observations spanning a 30-year period; however, repeated genetic testing by Sanger sequencing did not identify any causative mutation related to various subtypes of congenital partial lipodystrophy (CPLD) and/or mandibular dysplasia with lipodystrophy (MAD). Recently, MDPL syndrome has been described as a new entity showing progressive lipodystrophy. Furthermore, polymerase delta 1 (POLD1) gene mutations on chromosome 19 have been identified in patients with MDPL syndrome. To date, 21 cases with POLD1-related MDPL syndrome have been reported worldwide, albeit almost entirely of European origin. Here, we identified a de novo mutation in exon 15 (p.Ser605del) of the POLD1 gene in a Japanese case by whole exome sequencing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first identified case of MDPL syndrome in Japan. Our results provide further evidence that mutations in POLD1 are responsible for MDPL syndrome and serve as a common genetic determinant across different ethnicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Sasaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8502, Japan
- Division of Diabetic Medicine, Bunyukai Hara Hospital, Ohnojo, Fukuoka 816-0943, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yanagi
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ugi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Kunihisa Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8502, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ohkubo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yuji Tajiri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0111, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Maegawa
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Atsunori Kashiwagi
- Diabetes Center, Seikokai Kusatsu General Hospital, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8585, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kaname
- Department of Genome Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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12
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Maierhofer A, Flunkert J, Oshima J, Martin GM, Haaf T, Horvath S. Accelerated epigenetic aging in Werner syndrome. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:1143-1152. [PMID: 28377537 PMCID: PMC5425119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Individuals suffering from Werner syndrome (WS) exhibit many clinical signs of accelerated aging. While the underlying constitutional mutation leads to accelerated rates of DNA damage, it is not yet known whether WS is also associated with an increased epigenetic age according to a DNA methylation based biomarker of aging (the "Epigenetic Clock"). Using whole blood methylation data from 18 WS cases and 18 age matched controls, we find that WS is associated with increased extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (p=0.0072) and intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration (p=0.04), the latter of which is independent of age-related changes in the composition of peripheral blood cells. A multivariate model analysis reveals that WS is associated with an increase in DNA methylation age (on average 6.4 years, p=0.011) even after adjusting for chronological age, gender, and blood cell counts. Further, WS might be associated with a reduction in naïve CD8+ T cells (p=0.025) according to imputed measures of blood cell counts. Overall, this study shows that WS is associated with an increased epigenetic age of blood cells which is independent of changes in blood cell composition. The extent to which this alteration is a cause or effect of WS disease phenotypes remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maierhofer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julia Flunkert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.,Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - George M Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany.,Joint last authors
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Joint last authors
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13
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Wang H, Zhang XM, Tomiyoshi G, Nakamura R, Shinmen N, Kuroda H, Kimura R, Mine S, Kamitsukasa I, Wada T, Aotsuka A, Yoshida Y, Kobayashi E, Matsutani T, Iwadate Y, Sugimoto K, Mori M, Uzawa A, Muto M, Kuwabara S, Takemoto M, Kobayashi K, Kawamura H, Ishibashi R, Yokote K, Ohno M, Chen PM, Nishi E, Ono K, Kimura T, Machida T, Takizawa H, Kashiwado K, Shimada H, Ito M, Goto KI, Iwase K, Ashino H, Taira A, Arita E, Takiguchi M, Hiwasa T. Association of serum levels of antibodies against MMP1, CBX1, and CBX5 with transient ischemic attack and cerebral infarction. Oncotarget 2017; 9:5600-5613. [PMID: 29464021 PMCID: PMC5814161 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a predictor for cerebral infarction (CI), and early diagnosis of TIA is extremely important for the prevention of CI. We set out to identify novel antibody biomarkers for TIA and CI, and detected matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), chromobox homolog 1 (CBX1), and chromobox homolog 5 (CBX5) as candidate antigens using serological identification of antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning (SEREX) and Western blotting to confirm the presence of serum antibodies against the antigens. Amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) revealed that serum antibody levels were significantly higher in patients with TIA or acute-phase CI (aCI) compared with healthy donors (P < 0.01). Spearman’s correlation analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that levels of anti-MMP1, anti-CBX1, and anti-CBX5 antibodies were associated with age, cigarette-smoking habits, and blood pressure. Thus, serum levels of antibodies against MMP1, CBX1, and CBX5 could potentially serve as useful tools for diagnosing TIA and predicting the onset of aCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Go Tomiyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Rika Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Natsuko Shinmen
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kuroda
- Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama, Japan
| | - Risa Kimura
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Mine
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Prefectural Sawara Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kamitsukasa
- Department of Neurology, Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Chibaken Saiseikai Narashino Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Wada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiyo Aotsuka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiichi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoo Matsutani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sugimoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Mori
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Uzawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mayumi Muto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kobayashi
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Harukiyo Kawamura
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Ishibashi
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Po-Min Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Koh Ono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshio Machida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Port Square Kashiwado Clinic, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Goto
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuro Iwase
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ashino
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Taira
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Emiko Arita
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Takiguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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14
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Mori T, Yousefzadeh MJ, Faridounnia M, Chong JX, Hisama FM, Hudgins L, Mercado G, Wade EA, Barghouthy AS, Lee L, Martin GM, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Niedernhofer LJ, Oshima J. ERCC4 variants identified in a cohort of patients with segmental progeroid syndromes. Hum Mutat 2017; 39:255-265. [PMID: 29105242 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in genes, which encode DNA repair and damage response proteins, result in a number of genomic instability syndromes with features of accelerated aging. ERCC4 (XPF) encodes a protein that forms a complex with ERCC1 and is required for the 5' incision during nucleotide excision repair. ERCC4 is also FANCQ, illustrating a critical role in interstrand crosslink repair. Pathogenic variants in this gene cause xeroderma pigmentosum, XFE progeroid syndrome, Cockayne syndrome (CS), and Fanconi anemia. We performed massive parallel sequencing for 42 unsolved cases submitted to the International Registry of Werner Syndrome. Two cases, each carrying two novel heterozygous ERCC4 variants, were identified. The first case was a compound heterozygote for: c.2395C > T (p.Arg799Trp) and c.388+1164_792+795del (p.Gly130Aspfs*18). Further molecular and cellular studies indicated that the ERCC4 variants in this patient are responsible for a phenotype consistent with a variant of CS. The second case was heterozygous for two variants in cis: c.[1488A > T; c.2579C > A] (p.[Gln496His; Ala860Asp]). While the second case also had several phenotypic features of accelerated aging, we were unable to provide biological evidence supporting the pathogenic roles of the associated ERCC4 variants. Precise genetic causes and disease mechanism of the second case remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayasu Mori
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew J Yousefzadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Maryam Faridounnia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Jessica X Chong
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Fuki M Hisama
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Louanne Hudgins
- Division of Medical Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Erin A Wade
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Amira S Barghouthy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Lin Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - George M Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | -
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Laura J Niedernhofer
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center on Aging, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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15
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Abstract
Tumor syndromes, including bone neoplasias, are genetic predisposing conditions characterized by the development of a pattern of malignancies within a family at an early age of onset. Occurrence of bilateral, multifocal, or metachronous neoplasias and specific histopathologic findings suggest a genetic predisposition syndrome. Additional clinical features not related to the neoplasia can be a hallmark of specific genetic syndromes. Mostly, those diseases have an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with variable percentage of penetrance. Some syndromic disorders with an increased tumor risk may show an autosomal recessive transmission or are related to somatic mosaicism. Many genetic tumor syndromes are known. This update is specifically focused on syndromes predisposing to osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gnoli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Skeletal Rare Diseases, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - Francesca Ponti
- Department of Medical Genetics and Skeletal Rare Diseases, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Luca Sangiorgi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Skeletal Rare Diseases, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Via Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy
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16
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Wu PF, Jin JY, Li JJ, He JQ, Fan LL, Jin M, Huang H, Xia K, Tang JY, Xiang R. A novel splice-site mutation of WRN (c.IVS28+2T>C) identified in a consanguineous family with Werner Syndrome. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:3735-3738. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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17
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Yamaga M, Takemoto M, Takada-Watanabe A, Koizumi N, Kitamoto T, Sakamoto K, Ishikawa T, Koshizaka M, Maezawa Y, Yokote K. Recent Trends in WRN
Gene Mutation Patterns in Individuals with Werner Syndrome. J Am Geriatr Soc 2017; 65:1853-1856. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Yamaga
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Aki Takada-Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - Naoko Koizumi
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Kenichi Sakamoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishikawa
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Masaya Koshizaka
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine; Chiba University; Chiba Japan
- Department of Medicine; Division of Diabetes; Metabolism and Endocrinology; Chiba University Hospital; Chiba Japan
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18
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Yokote K, Chanprasert S, Lee L, Eirich K, Takemoto M, Watanabe A, Koizumi N, Lessel D, Mori T, Hisama FM, Ladd PD, Angle B, Baris H, Cefle K, Palanduz S, Ozturk S, Chateau A, Deguchi K, Easwar TKM, Federico A, Fox A, Grebe TA, Hay B, Nampoothiri S, Seiter K, Streeten E, Piña-Aguilar RE, Poke G, Poot M, Posmyk R, Martin GM, Kubisch C, Schindler D, Oshima J. WRN Mutation Update: Mutation Spectrum, Patient Registries, and Translational Prospects. Hum Mutat 2016; 38:7-15. [PMID: 27667302 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a constellation of adult onset phenotypes consistent with an acceleration of intrinsic biological aging. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the WRN gene, which encodes a multifunctional nuclear protein with exonuclease and helicase activities. WRN protein is thought to be involved in optimization of various aspects of DNA metabolism, including DNA repair, recombination, replication, and transcription. In this update, we summarize a total of 83 different WRN mutations, including eight previously unpublished mutations identified by the International Registry of Werner Syndrome (Seattle, WA) and the Japanese Werner Consortium (Chiba, Japan), as well as 75 mutations already reported in the literature. The Seattle International Registry recruits patients from all over the world to investigate genetic causes of a wide variety of progeroid syndromes in order to contribute to the knowledge of basic mechanisms of human aging. Given the unusually high prevalence of WS patients and heterozygous carriers in Japan, the major goal of the Japanese Consortium is to develop effective therapies and to establish management guidelines for WS patients in Japan and elsewhere. This review will also discuss potential translational approaches to this disorder, including those currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sirisak Chanprasert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lin Lee
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Katharina Eirich
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aki Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoko Koizumi
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Takayasu Mori
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Fuki M Hisama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Paula D Ladd
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brad Angle
- Advocate Lutheran General Hospital and Advocate Children's Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois
| | - Hagit Baris
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus and Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kivanc Cefle
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Sukru Palanduz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Sukru Ozturk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Antoinette Chateau
- Department of Dermatology, Greys Hospital, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Kentaro Deguchi
- Department of Neurology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Antonio Federico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Unit Clinical Neurology and Neurometabolic Diseases, Medical School, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Amy Fox
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Theresa A Grebe
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Beverly Hay
- Division of Genetics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Karen Seiter
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Hawthorne, New York
| | - Elizabeth Streeten
- Division of Genetics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Gemma Poke
- Genetic Health Service NZ, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Martin Poot
- University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Renata Posmyk
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Podlaskie Medical Center, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - George M Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Detlev Schindler
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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19
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Motegi SI, Uchiyama A, Yamada K, Ogino S, Yokoyama Y, Perera B, Takeuchi Y, Ishikawa O. Increased susceptibility to oxidative stress- and ultraviolet A-induced apoptosis in fibroblasts in atypical progeroid syndrome/atypical Werner syndrome with LMNA
mutation. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25 Suppl 3:20-7. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sei-ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Akihiko Uchiyama
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamada
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Sachiko Ogino
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Yoko Yokoyama
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Buddhini Perera
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Yuko Takeuchi
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
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20
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Hisama FM, Oshima J, Martin GM. How Research on Human Progeroid and Antigeroid Syndromes Can Contribute to the Longevity Dividend Initiative. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2016; 6:a025882. [PMID: 26931459 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a025882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Although translational applications derived from research on basic mechanisms of aging are likely to enhance health spans and life spans for most of us (the longevity dividend), there will remain subsets of individuals with special vulnerabilities. Medical genetics is a discipline that describes such "private" patterns of aging and can reveal underlying mechanisms, many of which support genomic instability as a major mechanism of aging. We review examples of three classes of informative disorders: "segmental progeroid syndromes" (those that appear to accelerate multiple features of aging), "unimodal progeroid syndromes" (those that impact on a single disorder of aging), and "unimodal antigeroid syndromes," variants that provide enhanced protection against specific disorders of aging; we urge our colleagues to expand our meager research efforts on the latter, including ancillary somatic cell genetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuki M Hisama
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 International Registry of Werner Syndrome, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 International Registry of Werner Syndrome, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 Department of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - George M Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195 International Registry of Werner Syndrome, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195
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21
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Lessel D, Hisama FM, Szakszon K, Saha B, Sanjuanelo AB, Salbert BA, Steele PD, Baldwin J, Brown WT, Piussan C, Plauchu H, Szilvássy J, Horkay E, Högel J, Martin GM, Herr AJ, Oshima J, Kubisch C. POLD1 Germline Mutations in Patients Initially Diagnosed with Werner Syndrome. Hum Mutat 2015; 36:1070-9. [PMID: 26172944 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Segmental progeroid syndromes are rare, heterogeneous disorders characterized by signs of premature aging affecting more than one tissue or organ. A prototypic example is the Werner syndrome (WS), caused by biallelic germline mutations in the Werner helicase gene (WRN). While heterozygous lamin A/C (LMNA) mutations are found in a few nonclassical cases of WS, another 10%-15% of patients initially diagnosed with WS do not have mutations in WRN or LMNA. Germline POLD1 mutations were recently reported in five patients with another segmental progeroid disorder: mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features syndrome. Here, we describe eight additional patients with heterozygous POLD1 mutations, thereby substantially expanding the characterization of this new example of segmental progeroid disorders. First, we identified POLD1 mutations in patients initially diagnosed with WS. Second, we describe POLD1 mutation carriers without clinically relevant hearing impairment or mandibular underdevelopment, both previously thought to represent obligate diagnostic features. These patients also exhibit a lower incidence of metabolic abnormalities and joint contractures. Third, we document postnatal short stature and premature greying/loss of hair in POLD1 mutation carriers. We conclude that POLD1 germline mutations can result in a variably expressed and probably underdiagnosed segmental progeroid syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Lessel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fuki M Hisama
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Katalin Szakszon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bidisha Saha
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | | | - W Ted Brown
- New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, New York
| | | | - Henri Plauchu
- Département de Génétique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 et Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69977, Bron CEDEX, France
| | - Judit Szilvássy
- Department of Oto-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Josef Högel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - George M Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alan J Herr
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Junko Oshima
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Abstract
In the early 1980s, we analyzed the metabolic profile of 930 men and women and concluded that an abdominal distribution of fat for a given BMI is associated with increased insulin resistance and risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The correlation between abdominal fat and metabolic dysfunction has since been validated in many studies, and waist circumference is now a criterion for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Several mechanisms for this relationship have been postulated; however, we now know that visceral fat is only one of many ectopic fat depots used when the subcutaneous adipose tissue cannot accommodate excess fat because of its limited expandability.
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23
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Motegi SI, Yokoyama Y, Uchiyama A, Ogino S, Takeuchi Y, Yamada K, Hattori T, Hashizume H, Ishikawa Y, Goto M, Ishikawa O. First Japanese case of atypical progeroid syndrome/atypical Werner syndrome with heterozygous LMNA mutation. J Dermatol 2014; 41:1047-52. [PMID: 25327215 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Atypical progeroid syndrome (APS), including atypical Werner syndrome (AWS), is a progeroid syndrome involving heterozygous mutations in the LMNA gene encoding the nuclear protein lamin A/C. We report the first Japanese case of APS/AWS with a LMNA mutation (p.D300N). A 53-year-old Japanese man had a history of recurrent severe cardiovascular diseases as well as brain infarction and hemorrhages. Although our APS/AWS patient had overlapping features with Werner syndrome (WS), such as high-pitched voice, scleroderma, lipoatrophy and atherosclerosis, several cardinal features of WS, including short stature, premature graying/alopecia, cataract, bird-like face, flat feet, hyperkeratosis on the soles and diabetes mellitus, were absent. In immunofluorescence staining and electron microscopic analyses of the patient's cultured fibroblasts, abnormal nuclear morphology, an increase in small aggregation of heterochromatin and a decrease in interchromatin granules in nuclei of fibroblasts were observed, suggesting that abnormal nuclear morphology and chromatin disorganization may be associated with the pathogenesis of APS/AWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei-ichiro Motegi
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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24
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Mutations in SPRTN cause early onset hepatocellular carcinoma, genomic instability and progeroid features. Nat Genet 2014; 46:1239-44. [PMID: 25261934 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Age-related degenerative and malignant diseases represent major challenges for health care systems. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and age-associated pathologies is thus of growing biomedical relevance. We identified biallelic germline mutations in SPRTN (also called C1orf124 or DVC1) in three patients from two unrelated families. All three patients are affected by a new segmental progeroid syndrome characterized by genomic instability and susceptibility toward early onset hepatocellular carcinoma. SPRTN was recently proposed to have a function in translesional DNA synthesis and the prevention of mutagenesis. Our in vivo and in vitro characterization of identified mutations has uncovered an essential role for SPRTN in the prevention of DNA replication stress during general DNA replication and in replication-related G2/M-checkpoint regulation. In addition to demonstrating the pathogenicity of identified SPRTN mutations, our findings provide a molecular explanation of how SPRTN dysfunction causes accelerated aging and susceptibility toward carcinoma.
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