1
|
Howell-Bray T, Byrne L. The effect of prions on cellular metabolism: The metabolic impact of the [RNQ +] prion and potential role of native Rnq1p. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2511186. [PMID: 36909567 PMCID: PMC10002837 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2511186/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Within the field of amyloid and prion disease there is a need for a more comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of disease biology. In order to facilitate the progression treatment and underpin comprehension of toxicity, fundamental understanding of the disruption to normal cellular biochemistry and trafficking is needed. Here, by removing the complex biochemistry of the brain, we have utilised known prion forming strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae carrying different conformational variants of the Rnq1p to obtain Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolic profiles and identify key perturbations of prion presence. These studies reveal that prion containing [RNQ+] cells display a significant reduction in amino acid biosynthesis and distinct perturbations in sphingolipid metabolism, with significant downregulation in metabolites within these pathways. Moreover, that native Rnq1p appears to downregulate ubiquinone biosynthesis pathways within cells, suggesting that Rnq1p may play a lipid/mevalonate-based cytoprotective role as a regulator of ubiquinone production. These findings contribute to the understanding of how prion proteins interact in vivo in both their prion and non-prion confirmations and indicate potential targets for the mitigation of these effects. We demonstrate specific sphingolipid centred metabolic disruptions due to prion presence and give insight into a potential cytoprotective role of the native Rnq1 protein. This provides evidence of metabolic similarities between yeast and mammalian cells as a consequence of prion presence and establishes the application of metabolomics as a tool to investigate prion/amyloid-based phenomena.
Collapse
|
2
|
Mthembu SXH, Orlando P, Silvestri S, Ziqubu K, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Mabhida SE, Nyambuya TM, Nkambule BB, Muller CJF, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Impact of dyslipidemia in the development of cardiovascular complications: Delineating the potential therapeutic role of coenzyme Q 10. Biochimie 2023; 204:33-40. [PMID: 36067903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This metabolic anomality is implicated in the generation of oxidative stress, an inevitable process involved in destructive mechanisms leading to myocardial damage. Fortunately, commonly used drugs like statins can counteract the detrimental effects of dyslipidemia by lowering cholesterol to reduce CVD-risk in patients with T2D. Statins mainly function by blocking the production of cholesterol by targeting the mevalonate pathway. However, by blocking cholesterol synthesis, statins coincidently inhibit the synthesis of other essential isoprenoid intermediates of the mevalonate pathway like farnesyl pyrophosphate and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). The latter is by far the most important co-factor and co-enzyme required for efficient mitochondrial oxidative capacity, in addition to its robust antioxidant properties. In fact, supplementation with CoQ10 has been found to be beneficial in ameliorating oxidative stress and improving blood flow in subjects with mild dyslipidemia.. Beyond discussing the destructive effects of oxidative stress in dyslipidemia-induced CVD-related complications, the current review brings a unique perspective in exploring the mevalonate pathway to block cholesterol synthesis while enhancing or maintaining CoQ10 levels in conditions of dyslipidemia. Furthermore, this review disscusses the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds in targeting the downstream of the mevalonate pathway, more importantly, their ability to block cholesterol while maintaining CoQ10 biosynthesis to protect against the destructive complications of dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X H Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Sihle E Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Tawanda M Nyambuya
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, 9000, Namibia
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Villalba JM, Navas P. Regulation of coenzyme Q biosynthesis pathway in eukaryotes. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:312-323. [PMID: 33549646 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ, ubiquinone/ubiquinol) is a ubiquitous and unique molecule that drives electrons in mitochondrial respiratory chain and an obligatory step for multiple metabolic pathways in aerobic metabolism. Alteration of CoQ biosynthesis or its redox stage are causing mitochondrial dysfunctions as hallmark of heterogeneous disorders as mitochondrial/metabolic, cardiovascular, and age-associated diseases. Regulation of CoQ biosynthesis pathway is demonstrated to affect all steps of proteins production of this pathway, posttranslational modifications and protein-protein-lipid interactions inside mitochondria. There is a bi-directional relationship between CoQ and the epigenome in which not only the CoQ status determines the epigenetic regulation of many genes, but CoQ biosynthesis is also a target for epigenetic regulation, which adds another layer of complexity to the many pathways by which CoQ levels are regulated by environmental and developmental signals to fulfill its functions in eukaryotic aerobic metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, Sevilla, 41013, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gueguen N, Baris O, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Spinazzi M. Secondary coenzyme Q deficiency in neurological disorders. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:203-218. [PMID: 33450382 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a ubiquitous lipid serving essential cellular functions. It is the only component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain that can be exogenously absorbed. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge, controversies, and open questions about CoQ intracellular and tissue distribution, in particular in brain and skeletal muscle. We discuss human neurological diseases and mouse models associated with secondary CoQ deficiency in these tissues and highlight pharmacokinetic and anatomical challenges in exogenous CoQ biodistribution, recent improvements in CoQ formulations and imaging, as well as alternative therapeutical strategies to CoQ supplementation. The last section proposes possible mechanisms underlying secondary CoQ deficiency in human diseases with emphasis on neurological and neuromuscular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naig Gueguen
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Olivier Baris
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Marco Spinazzi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Neurology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Hekimi S. The Complexity of Making Ubiquinone. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:929-943. [PMID: 31601461 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquinone (UQ, coenzyme Q) is an essential electron transfer lipid in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It is a main source of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) but also has antioxidant properties. This mix of characteristics is why ubiquinone supplementation is considered a potential therapy for many diseases involving mitochondrial dysfunction. Mutations in the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway are increasingly being identified in patients. Furthermore, secondary ubiquinone deficiency is a common finding associated with mitochondrial disorders and might exacerbate these conditions. Recent developments have suggested that ubiquinone biosynthesis occurs in discrete domains of the mitochondrial inner membrane close to ER-mitochondria contact sites. This spatial requirement for ubiquinone biosynthesis could be the link between secondary ubiquinone deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction, which commonly results in loss of mitochondrial structural integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou L, Li M, Wang XY, Liu H, Sun S, Chen H, Poplawsky A, He YW. Biosynthesis of Coenzyme Q in the Phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris via a Yeast-Like Pathway. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2019; 32:217-226. [PMID: 30681910 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-18-0183-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a lipid-soluble membrane component found in organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals. The biosynthesis of CoQ has been intensively studied in Escherichia coli, where 12 genes (ubiA, -B, -C, -D, -E, -F, -G, -H, -I, -J, -K, and -X) are involved. In this study, we first investigated the putative genes for CoQ8 biosynthesis in the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris using a combination of bioinformatic, genetic, and biochemical methods. We showed that Xc_0489 (coq7Xc) encodes a di-iron carboxylate monooxygenase filling the E. coli UbiF role for hydroxylation at C-6 of the aromatic ring. Xc_0233 (ubiJXc) encodes a novel protein with an E. coli UbiJ-like domain organization and is required for CoQ8 biosynthesis. The X. campestris pv. campestris decarboxylase gene remains unidentified. Further functional analysis showed that ubiB and ubiK homologs ubiBXc and ubiKXc are required for CoQ8 biosynthesis in X. campestris pv. campestris. Deletion of ubiJXc, ubiBXc, and ubiKXc led to the accumulation of an intermediate 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid. UbiKXc interacts with UbiJXc and UbiBXc to form a regulatory complex. Deletion analyses of these CoQ8 biosynthetic genes indicated that they are important for virulence in Chinese radish. These results suggest that the X. campestris pv. campestris CoQ8 biosynthetic reactions and regulatory mechanisms are divergent from those of E. coli. The variations provide an opportunity for the design of highly specific inhibitors for the prevention of infection by the phytopathogen X. campestris pv. campestris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zhou
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- 2 Zhiyuan Innovation Research Centre, Student Innovation Centre, Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; and
| | - Ming Li
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xing-Yu Wang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuang Sun
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Alan Poplawsky
- 3 Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844, U.S.A
| | - Ya-Wen He
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhou D, Zhao Y, Hook M, Zhao W, Starlard-Davenport A, Cook MN, Jones BC, Hamre KM, Lu L. Ethanol's Effect on Coq7 Expression in the Hippocampus of Mice. Front Genet 2018; 9:602. [PMID: 30564271 PMCID: PMC6288283 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a well-studied molecule, present in every cell membrane in the body, best known for its roles as a mitochondrial electron transporter and a potent membrane anti-oxidant. Much of the previous work was done in vitro in yeast and more recent work has suggested that CoQ may have additional roles prompting calls for a re-assessment of its role using in vivo systems in mammals. Here we investigated the putative role of Coenzyme Q in ethanol-induced effects in vivo using BXD RI mice. We examined hippocampal expression of Coq7 in saline controls and after an acute ethanol treatment, noting enriched biologic processes and pathways following ethanol administration. We also identified 45 ethanol-related phenotypes that were significantly correlated with Coq7 expression, including six phenotypes related to conditioned taste aversion and ethanol preference. This analysis highlights the need for further investigation of Coq7 and related genes in vivo as well as previously unrecognized roles that it may play in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yinghong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Michael Hook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Athena Starlard-Davenport
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Melloni N Cook
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Byron C Jones
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kristin M Hamre
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
González-Mariscal I, Martin-Montalvo A, Vazquez-Fonseca L, Pomares-Viciana T, Sánchez-Cuesta A, Fernández-Ayala DJ, Navas P, Santos-Ocana C. The mitochondrial phosphatase PPTC7 orchestrates mitochondrial metabolism regulating coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:1235-1248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.09.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
9
|
The UPR mt Protects Caenorhabditis elegans from Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Upregulating Specific Enzymes of the Mevalonate Pathway. Genetics 2018; 209:457-473. [PMID: 29599115 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.118.300863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mevalonate pathway is the primary target of the cholesterol-lowering drugs statins, some of the most widely prescribed medicines of all time. The pathway's enzymes not only catalyze the synthesis of cholesterol but also of diverse metabolites such as mitochondrial electron carriers and isoprenyls. Recently, it has been shown that one type of mitochondrial stress response, the UPRmt, can protect yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, and cultured human cells from the deleterious effects of mevalonate pathway inhibition by statins. The mechanistic basis for this protection, however, remains unknown. Using C. elegans, we found that the UPRmt does not directly affect the levels of the statin target HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-controlling enzyme of the mevalonate pathway in mammals. Instead, in C. elegans the UPRmt upregulates the first dedicated enzyme of the pathway, HMG-CoA synthase (HMGS-1). A targeted RNA interference (RNAi) screen identified two UPRmt transcription factors, ATFS-1 and DVE-1, as regulators of HMGS-1 A comprehensive analysis of the pathway's enzymes found that, in addition to HMGS-1, the UPRmt upregulates enzymes involved with the biosynthesis of electron carriers and geranylgeranylation intermediates. Geranylgeranylation, in turn, is requisite for the full execution of the UPRmt 3response. Thus, the UPRmt acts in at least three coordinated, compensatory arms to upregulate specific branches of the mevalonate pathway, thereby alleviating mitochondrial stress. We propose that statin-mediated inhibition of the mevalonate pathway blocks this compensatory system of the UPRmt and consequentially impedes mitochondrial homeostasis. This effect is likely one of the principal bases for the adverse side effects of statins.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang S, Bilal M, Hu H, Wang W, Zhang X. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid-a versatile platform intermediate for value-added compounds. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018. [PMID: 29516141 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA) has recently emerged as a promising intermediate for several value-added bioproducts with potential biotechnological applications in food, cosmetics, pharmacy, fungicides, etc. Over the past years, a variety of biosynthetic techniques have been developed for producing the 4-HBA and 4-HBA-based products. At this juncture, synthetic biology and metabolic engineering approaches enabled the biosynthesis of 4-HBA to address the increasing demand for high-value bioproducts. This review summarizes the biosynthesis of a variety of industrially pertinent compounds such as resveratrol, muconic acid, gastrodin, xiamenmycin, and vanillyl alcohol using 4-HBA as the starting feedstock. Moreover, potential research activities with a close-up look at the future perspectives to produce new compounds using 4-HBA have also been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Campos-Silva C, Reyes-Torres I, Rivera M, Meza-Torres C, Hernández-Camacho JD, Rodríguez-Bies E, Navas P, López-Lluch G. [Regulation of the expression of coenzyme Q-synthesis complex during ageing]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2017; 52:307-312. [PMID: 28736036 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coenzyme Q is an essential component in the activity of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Its synthesis involves, at least, a complex of ten different proteins. In this study, an attempt is made to determine the evolution of the expression of the genes involved in coenzyme Q synthesis during mouse ageing. MATERIAL AND METHODS The messenger RNA (mRNA) of different organs, such as brain, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle from young (8 months), mature (18 months), and old (24 months) mice was extracted by using Trizol and was then analysed by real time PCR (qPCR) using specific primers for all the known components of the coenzyme Q-synthesis complex (COQ genes). RESULTS Liver showed the highest age-dependent changes in mRNA levels of the different components of Q-synthesis complex, affecting the extent of the variation as well as the significance of the change. In most of the cases, mRNA levels of the different components were higher in mature animals compared to young and old animals. When mRNAs of young and old animals were compared, only minor reductions of mRNA levels were found. Kidney showed a pattern similar to that found in liver as regards the changes in expression, although with lower increases in mature animals than those observed in the liver. Brain and skeletal muscle showed low variations, with muscle being the tissue with less changes, although a pattern similar to that found in liver and kidney was found, with slight increases in mature animals. DISCUSSION The results of this study indicate that ageing is an important factor affecting COQ gene expression, but its effect depends on the organ, and that mature animals show higher levels of mRNA than young and old animals. Taken into consideration the importance of coenzyme Q in cell metabolism and ageing, a more detailed study is needed to understand the gene regulation of the coenzyme Q-synthesis mechanisms during ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Campos-Silva
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España
| | - Iván Reyes-Torres
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España
| | - Maximiliano Rivera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España
| | - Catherine Meza-Torres
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España
| | - Juan Diego Hernández-Camacho
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España
| | - Elisabet Rodríguez-Bies
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España
| | - Guillermo López-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC), Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, España.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stefely JA, Pagliarini DJ. Biochemistry of Mitochondrial Coenzyme Q Biosynthesis. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:824-843. [PMID: 28927698 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ, ubiquinone) is a redox-active lipid produced across all domains of life that functions in electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation and whose deficiency causes human diseases. Yet, CoQ biosynthesis has not been fully defined in any organism. Several proteins with unclear molecular functions facilitate CoQ biosynthesis through unknown means, and multiple steps in the pathway are catalyzed by currently unidentified enzymes. Here we highlight recent progress toward filling these knowledge gaps through both traditional biochemistry and cutting-edge 'omics' approaches. To help fill the remaining gaps, we present questions framed by the recently discovered CoQ biosynthetic complex and by putative biophysical barriers. Mapping CoQ biosynthesis, metabolism, and transport pathways has great potential to enhance treatment of numerous human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Stefely
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Awad AM, Venkataramanan S, Nag A, Galivanche AR, Bradley MC, Neves LT, Douglass S, Clarke CF, Johnson TL. Chromatin-remodeling SWI/SNF complex regulates coenzyme Q 6 synthesis and a metabolic shift to respiration in yeast. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:14851-14866. [PMID: 28739803 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.798397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its relatively streamlined genome, there are many important examples of regulated RNA splicing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Here, we report a role for the chromatin remodeler SWI/SNF in respiration, partially via the regulation of splicing. We find that a nutrient-dependent decrease in Snf2 leads to an increase in splicing of the PTC7 transcript. The spliced PTC7 transcript encodes a mitochondrial phosphatase regulator of biosynthesis of coenzyme Q6 (ubiquinone or CoQ6) and a mitochondrial redox-active lipid essential for electron and proton transport in respiration. Increased splicing of PTC7 increases CoQ6 levels. The increase in PTC7 splicing occurs at least in part due to down-regulation of ribosomal protein gene expression, leading to the redistribution of spliceosomes from this abundant class of intron-containing RNAs to otherwise poorly spliced transcripts. In contrast, a protein encoded by the nonspliced isoform of PTC7 represses CoQ6 biosynthesis. Taken together, these findings uncover a link between Snf2 expression and the splicing of PTC7 and establish a previously unknown role for the SWI/SNF complex in the transition of yeast cells from fermentative to respiratory modes of metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agape M Awad
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry.,the Molecular Biology Institute, and
| | - Srivats Venkataramanan
- the Molecular Biology Institute, and.,the Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Anish Nag
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry.,the Molecular Biology Institute, and
| | - Anoop Raj Galivanche
- the Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Michelle C Bradley
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry.,the Molecular Biology Institute, and
| | - Lauren T Neves
- the Molecular Biology Institute, and.,the Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Stephen Douglass
- the Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Catherine F Clarke
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, .,the Molecular Biology Institute, and
| | - Tracy L Johnson
- the Molecular Biology Institute, and .,the Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Eisenberg-Bord M, Schuldiner M. Mitochatting - If only we could be a fly on the cell wall. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1469-1480. [PMID: 28433686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, cellular metabolic hubs, perform many essential processes and are required for the production of metabolites such as ATP, iron-sulfur clusters, heme, amino acids and nucleotides. To fulfill their multiple roles, mitochondria must communicate with all other organelles to exchange small molecules, ions and lipids. Since mitochondria are largely excluded from vesicular trafficking routes, they heavily rely on membrane contact sites. Contact sites are areas of close proximity between organelles that allow efficient transfer of molecules, saving the need for slow and untargeted diffusion through the cytosol. More globally, multiple metabolic pathways require coordination between mitochondria and additional organelles and mitochondrial activity affects all other cellular entities and vice versa. Therefore, uncovering the different means of mitochondrial communication will allow us a better understanding of mitochondria and may illuminate disease processes that occur in the absence of proper cross-talk. In this review we focus on how mitochondria interact with all other organelles and emphasize how this communication is essential for mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Contact Sites edited by Christian Ungermann and Benoit Kornmann.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Eisenberg-Bord
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rodríguez-Aguilera JC, Cortés AB, Fernández-Ayala DJM, Navas P. Biochemical Assessment of Coenzyme Q 10 Deficiency. J Clin Med 2017; 6:jcm6030027. [PMID: 28273876 PMCID: PMC5372996 DOI: 10.3390/jcm6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency syndrome includes clinically heterogeneous mitochondrial diseases that show a variety of severe and debilitating symptoms. A multiprotein complex encoded by nuclear genes carries out CoQ10 biosynthesis. Mutations in any of these genes are responsible for the primary CoQ10 deficiency, but there are also different conditions that induce secondary CoQ10 deficiency including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion and mutations in genes involved in the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway. The diagnosis of CoQ10 deficiencies is determined by the decrease of its content in skeletal muscle and/or dermal skin fibroblasts. Dietary CoQ10 supplementation is the only available treatment for these deficiencies that require a rapid and distinct diagnosis. Here we review methods for determining CoQ10 content by HPLC separation and identification using alternative approaches including electrochemical detection and mass spectrometry. Also, we review procedures to determine the CoQ10 biosynthesis rate using labeled precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Celular y Bioenergética, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Ana Belén Cortés
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Celular y Bioenergética, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Daniel J M Fernández-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CISC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
González-Mariscal I, Martín-Montalvo A, Ojeda-González C, Rodríguez-Eguren A, Gutiérrez-Ríos P, Navas P, Santos-Ocaña C. Balanced CoQ 6 biosynthesis is required for lifespan and mitophagy in yeast. MICROBIAL CELL 2017; 4:38-51. [PMID: 28357388 PMCID: PMC5349121 DOI: 10.15698/mic2017.02.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q is an essential lipid with redox capacity that is present in all
organisms. In yeast its biosynthesis depends on a multiprotein complex in which
Coq7 protein has both catalytic and regulatory functions. Coq7 modulates
CoQ6 levels through a phosphorylation cycle, where
dephosphorylation of three amino acids (Ser/Thr) by the mitochondrial
phosphatase Ptc7 increases the levels of CoQ6. Here we analyzed the
role of Ptc7 and the phosphorylation state of Coq7 in yeast mitochondrial
function. The conversion of the three Ser/Thr to alanine led to a permanently
active form of Coq7 that caused a 2.5-fold increase of CoQ6 levels,
albeit decreased mitochondrial respiratory chain activity and oxidative stress
resistance capacity. This resulted in an increase in endogenous ROS production
and shortened the chronological life span (CLS) compared to wild type. The null
PTC7 mutant (ptc7∆) strain showed a lower
biosynthesis rate of CoQ6 and a significant shortening of the CLS.
The reduced CLS observed in ptc7Δ was restored by the
overexpression of PTC7 but not by the addition of exogenous
CoQ6. Overexpression of PTC7 increased mitophagy
in a wild type strain. This finding suggests an additional Ptc7 function beyond
the regulation of CoQ biosynthesis. Genetic disruption of PTC7
prevented mitophagy activation in conditions of nitrogen deprivation. In brief,
we show that, in yeast, Ptc7 modulates the adaptation to respiratory metabolism
by dephosphorylating Coq7 to supply newly synthesized CoQ6, and by
activating mitophagy to remove defective mitochondria at stationary phase,
guaranteeing a proper CLS in yeast.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel González-Mariscal
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Aléjandro Martín-Montalvo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Cristina Ojeda-González
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Adolfo Rodríguez-Eguren
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Purificación Gutiérrez-Ríos
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Carlos Santos-Ocaña
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
CLD1 Reverses the Ubiquinone Insufficiency of Mutant cat5/coq7 in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model System. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162165. [PMID: 27603010 PMCID: PMC5014327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquinone (Qn) functions as a mobile electron carrier in mitochondria. In humans, Q biosynthetic pathway mutations lead to Q10 deficiency, a life threatening disorder. We have used a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model of Q6 deficiency to screen for new modulators of ubiquinone biosynthesis. We generated several hypomorphic alleles of coq7/cat5 (clk-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans) encoding the penultimate enzyme in Q biosynthesis which converts 5-demethoxy Q6 (DMQ6) to 5-demethyl Q6, and screened for genes that, when overexpressed, suppressed their inability to grow on non-fermentable ethanol—implying recovery of lost mitochondrial function. Through this approach we identified Cardiolipin-specific Deacylase 1 (CLD1), a gene encoding a phospholipase A2 required for cardiolipin acyl remodeling. Interestingly, not all coq7 mutants were suppressed by Cld1p overexpression, and molecular modeling of the mutant Coq7p proteins that were suppressed showed they all contained disruptions in a hydrophobic α-helix that is predicted to mediate membrane-binding. CLD1 overexpression in the suppressible coq7 mutants restored the ratio of DMQ6 to Q6 toward wild type levels, suggesting recovery of lost Coq7p function. Identification of a spontaneous Cld1p loss-of-function mutation illustrated that Cld1p activity was required for coq7 suppression. This observation was further supported by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS profiling of monolysocardiolipin, the product of Cld1p. In summary, our results present a novel example of a lipid remodeling enzyme reversing a mitochondrial ubiquinone insufficiency by facilitating recovery of hypomorphic enzymatic function.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yubero D, Montero R, Martín MA, Montoya J, Ribes A, Grazina M, Trevisson E, Rodriguez-Aguilera JC, Hargreaves IP, Salviati L, Navas P, Artuch R, Jou C, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, Nascimento A, Pérez-Dueñas B, Ortez C, Ramos F, Colomer J, O’Callaghan M, Pineda M, García-Cazorla A, Espinós C, Ruiz A, Macaya A, Marcé-Grau A, Garcia-Villoria J, Arias A, Emperador S, Ruiz-Pesini E, Lopez-Gallardo E, Neergheen V, Simões M, Diogo L, Blázquez A, González-Quintana A, Delmiro A, Domínguez-González C, Arenas J, García-Silva MT, Martín E, Quijada P, Hernández-Laín A, Morán M, Rivas Infante E, Ávila Polo R, Paradas Lópe C, Bautista Lorite J, Martínez Fernández EM, Cortés AB, Sánchez-Cuesta A, Cascajo MV, Alcázar M, Brea-Calvo G. Secondary coenzyme Q 10 deficiencies in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and non-OXPHOS disorders. Mitochondrion 2016; 30:51-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
19
|
Analysis of transcriptional profiles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae exposed to bisphenol A. Curr Genet 2016; 63:253-274. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-016-0633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
20
|
Coenzyme Q biosynthesis and its role in the respiratory chain structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1073-1078. [PMID: 26970214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a unique electron carrier in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which is synthesized on-site by a nuclear encoded multiprotein complex. CoQ receives electrons from different redox pathways, mainly NADH and FADH2 from tricarboxylic acid pathway, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase that support key aspects of the metabolism. Here we explore some lines of evidence supporting the idea of the interaction of CoQ with the respiratory chain complexes, contributing to their superassembly, including respirasome, and its role in reactive oxygen species production in the mitochondrial inner membrane. We also review the current knowledge about the involvement of mitochondrial genome defects and electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase mutations in the induction of secondary CoQ deficiency. This mechanism would imply specific interactions coupling CoQ itself or the CoQ-biosynthetic apparatus with the respiratory chain components. These interactions would regulate mitochondrial CoQ steady-state levels and function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'EBEC 2016: 19th European Bioenergetics Conference, Riva del Garda, Italy, July 2-6, 2016', edited by Prof. Paolo Bernardi.
Collapse
|
21
|
Cascajo MV, Abdelmohsen K, Noh JH, Fernández-Ayala DJM, Willers IM, Brea G, López-Lluch G, Valenzuela-Villatoro M, Cuezva JM, Gorospe M, Siendones E, Navas P. RNA-binding proteins regulate cell respiration and coenzyme Q biosynthesis by post-transcriptional regulation of COQ7. RNA Biol 2015; 13:622-34. [PMID: 26690054 PMCID: PMC7609068 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2015.1119366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a key component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain carrying electrons from complexes I and II to complex III and it is an intrinsic component of the respirasome. CoQ concentration is highly regulated in cells in order to adapt the metabolism of the cell to challenges of nutrient availability and stress stimuli. At least 10 proteins have been shown to be required for CoQ biosynthesis in a multi-peptide complex and COQ7 is a central regulatory factor of this pathway. We found that the first 765 bp of the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of COQ7 mRNA contains cis-acting elements of interaction with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) HuR and hnRNP C1/C2. Binding of hnRNP C1/C2 to COQ7 mRNA was found to require the presence of HuR, and hnRNP C1/C2 silencing appeared to stabilize COQ7 mRNA modestly. By contrast, lowering HuR levels by silencing or depriving cells of serum destabilized and reduced the half-life of COQ7 mRNA, thereby reducing COQ7 protein and CoQ biosynthesis rate. Accordingly, HuR knockdown decreased oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial production of ATP, and increased lactate levels. Taken together, our results indicate that a reduction in COQ7 mRNA levels by HuR depletion causes mitochondrial dysfunction and a switch toward an enhanced aerobic glycolysis, the characteristic phenotype exhibited by primary deficiency of CoQ10. Thus HuR contributes to efficient oxidative phosphorylation by regulating of CoQ10 biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María V Cascajo
- a Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- b Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Ji Heon Noh
- b Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Daniel J M Fernández-Ayala
- a Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Imke M Willers
- c Departamento de Biología Molecular , Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM) and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
| | - Gloria Brea
- a Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Lluch
- a Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Marina Valenzuela-Villatoro
- a Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Sevilla , Spain
| | - José M Cuezva
- c Departamento de Biología Molecular , Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM) and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- b Laboratory of Genetics, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, NIH , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Emilio Siendones
- a Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Sevilla , Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- a Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC-JA, and Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII , Sevilla , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chung WK, Martin K, Jalas C, Braddock SR, Juusola J, Monaghan KG, Warner B, Franks S, Yudkoff M, Lulis L, Rhodes RH, Prasad V, Torti E, Cho MT, Shinawi M. Mutations inCOQ4, an essential component of coenzyme Q biosynthesis, cause lethal neonatal mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. J Med Genet 2015; 52:627-35. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
23
|
Yubero D, Montero R, Armstrong J, Espinós C, Palau F, Santos-Ocaña C, Salviati L, Navas P, Artuch R. Molecular diagnosis of coenzyme Q10 deficiency. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:1049-59. [PMID: 26144946 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1062727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) deficiency syndromes comprise a growing number of neurological and extraneurological disorders. Primary-genetic but also secondary CoQ deficiencies have been reported. The biochemical determination of CoQ is a good tool for the rapid identification of CoQ deficiencies but does not allow the selection of candidate genes for molecular diagnosis. Moreover, the metabolic pathway for CoQ synthesis is an intricate and not well-understood process, where a large number of genes are implicated. Thus, only next-generation sequencing techniques (either genetic panels of whole-exome and -genome sequencing) are at present appropriate for a rapid and realistic molecular diagnosis of these syndromes. The potential treatability of CoQ deficiency strongly supports the necessity of a rapid molecular characterization of patients, since primary CoQ deficiencies may respond well to CoQ treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delia Yubero
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Medicine, and Pediatric Institute for Rare Diseases (IPER), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|