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Dakwar-Kawar O, Mentch-Lifshits T, Hochman S, Mairon N, Cohen R, Balasubramani P, Mishra J, Jordan J, Cohen Kadosh R, Berger I, Nahum M. Aperiodic and periodic components of oscillatory brain activity in relation to cognition and symptoms in pediatric ADHD. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae236. [PMID: 38858839 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder show deficits in processing speed, as well as aberrant neural oscillations, including both periodic (oscillatory) and aperiodic (1/f-like) activity, reflecting the pattern of power across frequencies. Both components were suggested as underlying neural mechanisms of cognitive dysfunctions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Here, we examined differences in processing speed and resting-state-Electroencephalogram neural oscillations and their associations between 6- and 12-year-old children with (n = 33) and without (n = 33) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Spectral analyses of the resting-state EEG signal using fast Fourier transform revealed increased power in fronto-central theta and beta oscillations for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group, but no differences in the theta/beta ratio. Using the parameterization method, we found a higher aperiodic exponent, which has been suggested to reflect lower neuronal excitation-inhibition, in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group. While fast Fourier transform-based theta power correlated with clinical symptoms for the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder group only, the aperiodic exponent was negatively correlated with processing speed across the entire sample. Finally, the aperiodic exponent was correlated with fast Fourier transform-based beta power. These results highlight the different and complementary contribution of periodic and aperiodic components of the neural spectrum as metrics for evaluation of processing speed in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Future studies should further clarify the roles of periodic and aperiodic components in additional cognitive functions and in relation to clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Dakwar-Kawar
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Tal Mentch-Lifshits
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Shachar Hochman
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kate Granger Building, 30 Priestley Road, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YH
| | - Noam Mairon
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Reut Cohen
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Pragathi Balasubramani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
- Department of Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Jyoti Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Josh Jordan
- Department of Psychology, Dominican University of California, 50 Acacia Avenue, San Rafael, CA 94901, United States
| | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kate Granger Building, 30 Priestley Road, Surrey Research Park, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YH
| | - Itai Berger
- Pediatric Neurology, Assuta-Ashdod University Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Shevablvd 1, 84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
- School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
| | - Mor Nahum
- School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 9124001, Israel
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Férat V, Arns M, Deiber MP, Hasler R, Perroud N, Michel CM, Ros T. Electroencephalographic Microstates as Novel Functional Biomarkers for Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:814-823. [PMID: 34823049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has historically concentrated on its frequency spectrum or event-related evoked potentials. In this work, we investigate EEG microstates (MSs), an alternative framework defined by the clustering of recurring topographical patterns, as a novel approach for examining large-scale cortical dynamics in ADHD. METHODS Using k-means clustering, we studied the spatiotemporal dynamics of ADHD during the rest condition by comparing the MS segmentations between adult patients with ADHD and neurotypical control subjects across two independent datasets: the first dataset consisted of 66 patients with ADHD and 66 control subjects, and the second dataset comprised 22 patients with ADHD and 22 control subjects and was used for out-of-sample validation. RESULTS Spatially, patients with ADHD and control subjects displayed equivalent MS topographies (canonical maps), indicating the preservation of prototypical EEG generators in patients with ADHD. However, this concordance was accompanied by significant differences in temporal dynamics. At the group level, and across both datasets, ADHD diagnosis was associated with longer mean durations of a frontocentral topography (MS D), indicating that its electrocortical generator(s) could be acting as pronounced attractors of global cortical dynamics. In addition, its spatiotemporal metrics were correlated with sleep disturbance, the latter being known to have a strong relationship with ADHD. Finally, in the first (larger) dataset, we also found evidence of decreased time coverage and mean duration of a left-right diagonal topography (MS A), which inversely correlated with ADHD scores. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study underlines the value of EEG MSs as promising functional biomarkers for ADHD, offering an additional lens through which to examine its neurophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Férat
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Martijn Arns
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Brainclinics Foundation, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Location AMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Pierre Deiber
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hasler
- Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Nader Perroud
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Ros
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, Campus Biotech, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
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Introduction to the Special Section: What Do We Know About the Psychophysiology of Child Psychopathy and Conduct Problems? JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-021-09950-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Ji Y, Choi TY, Lee J, Yoon S, Won GH, Jeong H, Kang SW, Kim JW. Characteristics of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Subtypes in Children Classified Using Quantitative Electroencephalography. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2725-2736. [PMID: 36437880 PMCID: PMC9697401 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s386774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study used quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) to investigate the characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) subtypes in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS There were 69 subjects (42 with ADHD and 27 neurotypical (NT)) in this study. A semi-structured interview was conducted with each participant for psychiatric diagnostic evaluation. We measured the absolute and relative power in 19 channels and analyzed QEEG using the following frequency ranges: delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha 1 (8-10 Hz), alpha 2 (10-12 Hz), beta 1 (12-15 Hz), beta 2 (15-20 Hz), beta 3 (20-30 Hz), and gamma (30-45 Hz). Group analyses and EEG noise preprocessing were conducted using iSyncBrain, a cloud-based, artificial intelligence EEG analysis platform. Analysis of covariance adjusted for IQ, age, and sex was used. RESULTS QEEG analysis revealed three ADHD subtypes, characterized by (A) elevated relative fast alpha and beta power, (B) elevated absolute slow frequency (delta and theta power), or (C) elevated absolute and relative beta power. A significant difference was found in the Korean ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS) among the four groups (df=3, F=8.004, p<0.001); group C had the highest score (25.31±11.16), followed by group A (21.67±13.18). The score of group B (12.64±7.84) was similar to that of the NT group (11.07±6.12) and did not reach the cut-off point of the K-ARS. In the Wender-Utah Rating Scale (WURS), group B score (55.82±23.17) was significantly higher than the NT group score (42.81±13.26). CONCLUSION These results indicate that children with ADHD do not constitute a neurophysiologically homogenous group. Children with QEEG subtype B (elevated slow frequency) may be difficult to distinguish from normal children using the K-ARS, which is the most common screening tool for ADHD. Moreover, parents of children with this subtype may be less sensitive to observing ADHD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonmi Ji
- Department of Psychiatry, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Young Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyoung Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Hui Won
- Department of Psychiatry, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seung Wan Kang
- iMediSync Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,National Standard Reference Data Center for Korean EEG, Seoul National University College of Nursing, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Xu X, Sui L. EEG Cortical Activities and Networks Altered by Watching 2D/3D Virtual Reality Videos. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Virtual reality (VR), which can represent real-life events and situations, is being increasingly applied to many fields, such as education, entertainment, and medical rehabilitation. Correspondingly, the neural information processing of VR has attracted attention. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of VR environments have not yet been fully revealed. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible differences in brain activities and networks between the less immersive 2D and the fully immersive 3D VR environments. 3D VR videos and the same 2D scenes were presented to the participants and the scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded, respectively. Power spectral density (PSD) and the functional connectivity of these EEG signals were analyzed. The results showed that 3D VR videos significantly enhanced the PSD of θ rhythm (4–7 Hz) in the frontal lobe; decreased the PSD of α rhythm (8–13 Hz) in the parietal and the occipital lobes; increased the PSD of β rhythm (14–30 Hz) in the frontal, the parietal, the temporal, and the occipital lobes, relative to 2D VR watching. Furthermore, 3D versus 2D VR-induced alterations in the patterns of brain networks were similar to the patterns of PSD. Specifically, for the θ rhythm, 3D VR significantly enhanced the frontal and the temporal brain functional connectivity; for the α rhythm, 3D VR increased the parietal and the occipital networks; for the β rhythm, 3D VR remarkably increased the frontal, the occipital, the frontal-temporal and the frontal-occipital brain functional connectivity, relative to 2D VR. These significant differences between 3D and 2D VR video-watching suggest that the neural information processing of cortical activities and networks is correlated to the degree of immersion. The present results, collected with previous researches, implicate that some visual-related information processes, such as visual attention, visual perception, and visual immersion are more robust in 3D VR environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Xu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Li Sui
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
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Clarke AR, Barry RJ, Johnstone S. Resting state EEG power research in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A review update. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:1463-1479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Calzada-Reyes A, Alvarez-Amador A, Galán-García L, Valdés-Sosa M. Sex Differences in QEEG in Psychopath Offenders. Clin EEG Neurosci 2020; 51:146-154. [PMID: 32241230 DOI: 10.1177/1550059419872414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Functional brain differences related to sex in psychopathic behavior represent an important field of neuroscience research; there are few studies on this area, mainly in offender samples. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of electrophysiological differences between male and female psychopath offenders; specifically, we wanted to assess whether the results in quantitative EEG, low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA), and changes in synchronous brain activity could be related to sex influence. Sample and Methods. The study included 31 male and 12 female psychopath offenders, according to the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised criteria from 2 prisons located in Havana City. The EEG visual inspection characteristics and the use of frequency domain quantitative analysis techniques are described. Results. The resting EEG visual analyses revealed a high percentage of EEG abnormalities in both studied groups. Significant statistical differences between the mean parameters of cross spectral measures between psychopathic offender groups were found in the beta band at bilateral frontal derivation and centroparietal areas. LORETA showed differences especially in the paralimbic and parieto-occipital areas Synchronization likelihood revealed a significant group effect in the 26 to 30 Hz band. These results indicate that combining quantitative EEG, LORETA analysis, and synchronization likelihood may improve the neurofunctional differentiation between psychopath offenders of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Calzada-Reyes
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Alfredo Alvarez-Amador
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Lídice Galán-García
- Department of Neurostatistic, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Mitchell Valdés-Sosa
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana City, Cuba
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Kamarajan C, Ardekani BA, Pandey AK, Chorlian DB, Kinreich S, Pandey G, Meyers JL, Zhang J, Kuang W, Stimus AT, Porjesz B. Random Forest Classification of Alcohol Use Disorder Using EEG Source Functional Connectivity, Neuropsychological Functioning, and Impulsivity Measures. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020; 10:bs10030062. [PMID: 32121585 PMCID: PMC7139327 DOI: 10.3390/bs10030062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
: Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) manifest a variety of impairments that can be attributed to alterations in specific brain networks. The current study aims to identify features of EEG-based functional connectivity, neuropsychological performance, and impulsivity that can classify individuals with AUD (N = 30) from unaffected controls (CTL, N = 30) using random forest classification. The features included were: (i) EEG source functional connectivity (FC) of the default mode network (DMN) derived using eLORETA algorithm, (ii) neuropsychological scores from the Tower of London test (TOLT) and the visual span test (VST), and (iii) impulsivity factors from the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS). The random forest model achieved a classification accuracy of 80% and identified 29 FC connections (among 66 connections per frequency band), 3 neuropsychological variables from VST (total number of correctly performed trials in forward and backward sequences and average time for correct trials in forward sequence) and all four impulsivity scores (motor, non-planning, attentional, and total) as significantly contributing to classifying individuals as either AUD or CTL. Although there was a significant age difference between the groups, most of the top variables that contributed to the classification were not significantly correlated with age. The AUD group showed a predominant pattern of hyperconnectivity among 25 of 29 significant connections, indicating aberrant network functioning during resting state suggestive of neural hyperexcitability and impulsivity. Further, parahippocampal hyperconnectivity with other DMN regions was identified as a major hub region dysregulated in AUD (13 connections overall), possibly due to neural damage from chronic drinking, which may give rise to cognitive impairments, including memory deficits and blackouts. Furthermore, hypoconnectivity observed in four connections (prefrontal nodes connecting posterior right-hemispheric regions) may indicate a weaker or fractured prefrontal connectivity with other regions, which may be related to impaired higher cognitive functions. The AUD group also showed poorer memory performance on the VST task and increased impulsivity in all factors compared to controls. Features from all three domains had significant associations with one another. These results indicate that dysregulated neural connectivity across the DMN regions, especially relating to hyperconnected parahippocampal hub as well as hypoconnected prefrontal hub, may potentially represent neurophysiological biomarkers of AUD, while poor visual memory performance and heightened impulsivity may serve as cognitive-behavioral indices of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Kamarajan
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-270-2913
| | - Babak A. Ardekani
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ashwini K. Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - David B. Chorlian
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Sivan Kinreich
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Gayathri Pandey
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Jacquelyn L. Meyers
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Weipeng Kuang
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Arthur T. Stimus
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Henri Begleiter Neurodynamics Lab, Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (A.K.P.); (D.B.C.); (S.K.); (G.P.); (J.L.M.); (J.Z.); (W.K.); (A.T.S.); (B.P.)
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Deiber MP, Hasler R, Colin J, Dayer A, Aubry JM, Baggio S, Perroud N, Ros T. Linking alpha oscillations, attention and inhibitory control in adult ADHD with EEG neurofeedback. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 25:102145. [PMID: 31911342 PMCID: PMC6948256 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Resting alpha power is reduced in adult ADHD suggesting cortical hyper-activation. Adult ADHD patients successfully reduce alpha power during neurofeedback. A post-neurofeedback rebound normalizes alpha power in adult ADHD. Alpha power rebound correlates with improvement of inhibitory control in adult ADHD.
Abnormal patterns of electrical oscillatory activity have been repeatedly described in adult ADHD. In particular, the alpha rhythm (8–12 Hz), known to be modulated during attention, has previously been considered as candidate biomarker for ADHD. In the present study, we asked adult ADHD patients to self-regulate their own alpha rhythm using neurofeedback (NFB), in order to examine the modulation of alpha oscillations on attentional performance and brain plasticity. Twenty-five adult ADHD patients and 22 healthy controls underwent a 64-channel EEG-recording at resting-state and during a Go/NoGo task, before and after a 30 min-NFB session designed to reduce (desynchronize) the power of the alpha rhythm. Alpha power was compared across conditions and groups, and the effects of NFB were statistically assessed by comparing behavioral and EEG measures pre-to-post NFB. Firstly, we found that relative alpha power was attenuated in our ADHD cohort compared to control subjects at baseline and across experimental conditions, suggesting a signature of cortical hyper-activation. Both groups demonstrated a significant and targeted reduction of alpha power during NFB. Interestingly, we observed a post-NFB increase in resting-state alpha (i.e. rebound) in the ADHD group, which restored alpha power towards levels of the normal population. Importantly, the degree of post-NFB alpha normalization during the Go/NoGo task correlated with individual improvements in motor inhibition (i.e. reduced commission errors) only in the ADHD group. Overall, our findings offer novel supporting evidence implicating alpha oscillations in inhibitory control, as well as their potential role in the homeostatic regulation of cortical excitatory/inhibitory balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pierre Deiber
- Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Roland Hasler
- Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Colin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Dayer
- Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Basic Neurosciences, Geneva Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Michel Aubry
- Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Baggio
- Division of Prison Health, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nader Perroud
- Division of Psychiatric Specialties, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tomas Ros
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Li H, Zhao Q, Huang F, Cao Q, Qian Q, Johnstone SJ, Wang Y, Wang C, Sun L. Increased Beta Activity Links to Impaired Emotional Control in ADHD Adults With High IQ. J Atten Disord 2019; 23:754-764. [PMID: 29110563 DOI: 10.1177/1087054717739120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the neuropathology of everyday-life executive function (EF) deficits in adults with ADHD with high IQ. METHOD Forty adults with ADHD with an IQ ≥ 120 and 40 controls were recruited. Ecological EFs were measured, and eyes-closed Electroencephalograph (EEG) signals were recorded during a resting-state condition; EEG power and correlations with impaired EFs were analyzed. RESULTS Compared with controls, the ADHD group showed higher scores on all clusters of EF. The ADHD group showed globally increased theta, globally decreased alpha, and increased central beta activity. In the ADHD group, central beta power was significantly related to emotional control ratings, while no such correlation was evident in the control group. CONCLUSION The results suggest that resting-state beta activity might be involved in the neuropathology of emotional control in adults with ADHD with high IQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, China.,2 National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), China
| | - Qihua Zhao
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, China.,2 National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), China
| | - Fang Huang
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, China.,2 National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), China
| | - Qingjiu Cao
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, China.,2 National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), China
| | - Qiujin Qian
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, China.,2 National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), China
| | - Stuart J Johnstone
- 3 Brain & Behaviour Research Institute, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Yufeng Wang
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, China.,2 National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), China
| | - Changming Wang
- 4 Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University/ Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, China
| | - Li Sun
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, China.,2 National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), China
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Calzada-Reyes A, Alvarez-Amador A, Galán-García L, Valdés-Sosa M. QEEG and LORETA in Teenagers With Conduct Disorder and Psychopathic Traits. Clin EEG Neurosci 2017; 48:189-199. [PMID: 27272168 DOI: 10.1177/1550059416645712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the impact of the psychopathic traits on the EEG of teenagers with conduct disorder (CD). To date, there is no other research studying low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) technique using quantitative EEG (QEEG) analysis in adolescents with CD and psychopathic traits. OBJECTIVE To find electrophysiological differences specifically related to the psychopathic traits. The current investigation compares the QEEG and the current source density measures between adolescents with CD and psychopathic traits and adolescents with CD without psychopathic traits. METHODS The resting EEG activity and LORETA for the EEG fast spectral bands were evaluated in 42 teenagers with CD, 25 with and 17 without psychopathic traits according to the Antisocial Process Screening Device. All adolescents were assessed using the DSM-IV-TR criteria. The EEG visual inspection characteristics and the use of frequency domain quantitative analysis techniques (narrow band spectral parameters) are described. RESULTS QEEG analysis showed a pattern of beta activity excess on the bilateral frontal-temporal regions and decreases of alpha band power on the left central-temporal and right frontal-central-temporal regions in the psychopathic traits group. Current source density calculated at 17.18 Hz showed an increase within fronto-temporo-striatal regions in the psychopathic relative to the nonpsychopathic traits group. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that QEEG analysis and techniques of source localization may reveal differences in brain electrical activity among teenagers with CD and psychopathic traits, which was not obvious to visual inspection. Taken together, these results suggest that abnormalities in a fronto-temporo-striatal network play a relevant role in the neurobiological basis of psychopathic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Calzada-Reyes
- 1 Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Legal Medicine, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Alfredo Alvarez-Amador
- 2 Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Lídice Galán-García
- 3 Department of Neurostatistic, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana City, Cuba
| | - Mitchell Valdés-Sosa
- 4 Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Havana City, Cuba
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