1
|
Kim H, Lee K, Seo SH, Hong YJ, Hwang SM, Park JS, Park KU, Song J. In vitro Evaluation of DINCH-Plasticized Blood Bags for Red Blood Cell Storage with CPDA-1 Anticoagulant. Transfus Med Hemother 2024; 51:274-285. [PMID: 39135852 PMCID: PMC11318967 DOI: 10.1159/000535625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer commonly used in blood bags. Despite its protective effects on red blood cell (RBC) storage, concerns about its reproductive toxicity exist. This study investigated the in vitro quality of RBC concentrates stored in bags using di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) as an alternative plasticizer. Methods Using a pool-and-split study design, we produced 20 matched homogenous quintets of RBC concentrates in two DINCH bags and three DEHP bags with citrate phosphate dextrose adenine (CPDA-1) anticoagulant. RBC storage quality was assessed weekly for 35 days. Results On day 35, the median hemolysis levels in the DINCH bags (0.297-0.342%) were marginally higher (p < 0.05) than the DEHP bags (0.204-0.240%). All DINCH bags showed <0.8% hemolysis. RBCs in the DINCH bags showed increased mean corpuscular volume and decreased eosin 5' maleimide binding than in the DEHP bags. Higher pO2 and lower pCO2 levels in the DINCH bags indicated better gas permeability than in DEHP bags. Other metabolic parameters were comparable in both bags. Compared to DEHP, DINCH exhibited considerably lower levels of plasticizer leaching into blood bags. Conclusion The quality of RBC concentrates stored for 35 days in DINCH-plasticized blood bags with CDPA-1 is generally comparable to those in DEHP bags. Hence, DINCH can be a viable alternative to DEHP in blood bags for nonleukoreduced RBC storage even without the use of next-generation additive solutions to improve RBC preservation quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsuk Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyunghoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Seo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Yun Ji Hong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Sang Mee Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Jeong Su Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Un Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Junghan Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang HL, Chen KW, Liao HW, Wang LY, Peng SL, Lai CH, Lin YH. Nanoparticles for Augmenting Therapeutic Potential and Alleviating the Effect of Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate on Gastric Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:18285-18299. [PMID: 38574184 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Changes in diet culture and modern lifestyle contributed to a higher incidence of gastrointestinal-related diseases, including gastritis, implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. This observation raised concerns regarding exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), which is linked to adverse health effects, including reproductive and developmental problems, inflammatory response, and invasive adenocarcinoma. Research on the direct link between DEHP and gastric cancer is ongoing, and further studies are required to establish a conclusive association. In our study, extremely low concentrations of DEHP exerted significant effects on cell migration by promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells. This effect was mediated by the modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Smad2 signaling pathways. To address the DEHP challenges, our initial design of TPGS-conjugated fucoidan, delivered via pH-responsive nanoparticles, successfully demonstrated binding to the P-selectin protein. This achievement has not only enhanced the antigastric tumor efficacy but has also led to a significant reduction in the expression of malignant proteins associated with the condition. These findings underscore the promising clinical therapeutic potential of our approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hau-Lun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112401, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yu Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Lei Peng
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsin Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation and Translation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gustafsson E, Hellsing MS, Rennie AR, Welbourn RJL, Campana M, Hughes A, Li P, Bowden TM. Understanding interactions of plasticisers with a phospholipid monolayer. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2892-2899. [PMID: 38465518 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01611k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The use of DEHP (diethylhexyl phthalate) is now banned for most applications in Europe; the exception is for blood bags, where its toxicity is overshadowed by its ability to extend the storage life of red blood cells. Another plasticiser, BTHC (butanoyl trihexyl citrate), is used in paediatric blood bags but does not stabilise blood cells as effectively. Interactions between plasticisers and lipids are investigated with a phospholipid, DMPC, to understand the increased stability of blood cells in the presence of DEHP as well as bioaccumulation and identify differences with BTHC. Mixed monolayers of DMPC and DEHP or BTHC were studied on Langmuir troughs where surface pressure/area isotherms can be measured. Neutron reflection measurements were made to determine the composition and structure of these mixed layers. A large amount of plasticiser can be incorporated into a DMPC monolayer but once an upper limit is reached, plasticiser is selectively removed from the interface at high surface pressures. The upper limit is found to occur between 40-60 mol% for DEHP and 20-40 mol% for BTHC. The areas per molecule are also different with DEHP being in the range of 50-100 Å2 and BTHC being 65-120 Å2. Results indicate that BTHC does not fit as well as DEHP in DMPC monolayers which could help explain the differences observed with regards to the stability of blood cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emil Gustafsson
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Maja S Hellsing
- RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 5604, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adrian R Rennie
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden.
- Centre for Neutron Scattering, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rebecca J L Welbourn
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Mario Campana
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Arwel Hughes
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Peixun Li
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Tim Melander Bowden
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kuebler WM, William N, Post M, Acker JP, McVey MJ. Extracellular vesicles: effectors of transfusion-related acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L327-L341. [PMID: 37310760 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00040.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory transfusion reactions represent some of the most severe adverse reactions related to receiving blood products. Of those, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. TRALI is characterized by severe lung injury associated with inflammation, pulmonary neutrophil infiltration, lung barrier leak, and increased interstitial and airspace edema that cause respiratory failure. Presently, there are few means of detecting TRALI beyond clinical definitions based on physical examination and vital signs or preventing/treating TRALI beyond supportive care with oxygen and positive pressure ventilation. Mechanistically, TRALI is thought to be mediated by the culmination of two successive proinflammatory hits, which typically comprise a recipient factor (1st hit-e.g., systemic inflammatory conditions) and a donor factor (2nd hit-e.g., blood products containing pathogenic antibodies or bioactive lipids). An emerging concept in TRALI research is the contribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mediating the first and/or second hit in TRALI. EVs are small, subcellular, membrane-bound vesicles that circulate in donor and recipient blood. Injurious EVs may be released by immune or vascular cells during inflammation, by infectious bacteria, or in blood products during storage, and can target the lung upon systemic dissemination. This review assesses emerging concepts such as how EVs: 1) mediate TRALI, 2) represent targets for therapeutic intervention to prevent or treat TRALI, and 3) serve as biochemical biomarkers facilitating TRALI diagnosis and detection in at-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nishaka William
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Post
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason P Acker
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Innovation and Portfolio Management, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark J McVey
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ghodsi M, Cloos AS, Mozaheb N, Van Der Smissen P, Henriet P, Pierreux CE, Cellier N, Mingeot-Leclercq MP, Najdovski T, Tyteca D. Variability of extracellular vesicle release during storage of red blood cell concentrates is associated with differential membrane alterations, including loss of cholesterol-enriched domains. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1205493. [PMID: 37408586 PMCID: PMC10318158 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1205493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfusion of red blood cell concentrates is the most common medical procedure to treat anaemia. However, their storage is associated with development of storage lesions, including the release of extracellular vesicles. These vesicles affect in vivo viability and functionality of transfused red blood cells and appear responsible for adverse post-transfusional complications. However, the biogenesis and release mechanisms are not fully understood. We here addressed this issue by comparing the kinetics and extents of extracellular vesicle release as well as red blood cell metabolic, oxidative and membrane alterations upon storage in 38 concentrates. We showed that extracellular vesicle abundance increased exponentially during storage. The 38 concentrates contained on average 7 × 1012 extracellular vesicles at 6 weeks (w) but displayed a ∼40-fold variability. These concentrates were subsequently classified into 3 cohorts based on their vesiculation rate. The variability in extracellular vesicle release was not associated with a differential red blood cell ATP content or with increased oxidative stress (in the form of reactive oxygen species, methaemoglobin and band3 integrity) but rather with red blood cell membrane modifications, i.e., cytoskeleton membrane occupancy, lateral heterogeneity in lipid domains and transversal asymmetry. Indeed, no changes were noticed in the low vesiculation group until 6w while the medium and the high vesiculation groups exhibited a decrease in spectrin membrane occupancy between 3 and 6w and an increase of sphingomyelin-enriched domain abundance from 5w and of phosphatidylserine surface exposure from 8w. Moreover, each vesiculation group showed a decrease of cholesterol-enriched domains associated with a cholesterol content increase in extracellular vesicles but at different storage time points. This observation suggested that cholesterol-enriched domains could represent a starting point for vesiculation. Altogether, our data reveal for the first time that the differential extent of extracellular vesicle release in red blood cell concentrates did not simply result from preparation method, storage conditions or technical issues but was linked to membrane alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Ghodsi
- Cell Biology Unit and Platform for Imaging Cells and Tissues, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne-Sophie Cloos
- Cell Biology Unit and Platform for Imaging Cells and Tissues, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Negar Mozaheb
- Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Der Smissen
- Cell Biology Unit and Platform for Imaging Cells and Tissues, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Henriet
- Cell Biology Unit and Platform for Imaging Cells and Tissues, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe E. Pierreux
- Cell Biology Unit and Platform for Imaging Cells and Tissues, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Tomé Najdovski
- Service du Sang, Croix-Rouge de Belgique, Suarlée, Belgium
| | - Donatienne Tyteca
- Cell Biology Unit and Platform for Imaging Cells and Tissues, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Klei TRL, Begue S, Lotens A, Sigurjónsson ÓE, Wiltshire MD, George C, van den Burg PJM, Evans R, Larsson L, Thomas S, Najdovski T, Handke W, Eronen J, Mallas B, de Korte D. Recommendations for in vitro evaluation of blood components collected, prepared and stored in non-DEHP medical devices. Vox Sang 2023; 118:165-177. [PMID: 36510371 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES DEHP, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, is the most common member of the class of ortho-phthalates, which are used as plasticizers. The Medical Device Regulation has restricted the use of phthalates in medical devices. Also DEHP has been added to the Annex XIV of REACH, "Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals" due to its endocrine disrupting properties to the environment. As such, the sunset date for commercialisation of DEHP-containing blood bags is May 27th 2025. There are major concerns in meeting this deadline as these systems have not yet been fully validated and/or CE-marked. Also, since DEHP is known to affect red cell quality during storage, it is imperative to transit to non-DEHP without affecting blood product quality. Here, EBA members aim to establish common grounds on the evaluation and assessment of blood components collected, prepared and stored in non-DEHP devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on data as well as the input of relevant stakeholders a rationale for the validation of each component was composed. RESULTS The red cell components will require the most extensive validation as their quality is directly affected by the absence of DEHP, as opposed to platelet and plasma components. CONCLUSION Studies in the scope of evaluating the quality of blood products obtained with non-DEHP devices, under the condition that they are carried out according to these recommendations, could be used by all members of the EBA to serve as scientific support in the authorization process specific to their jurisdiction or for their internal validation use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R L Klei
- Department of Product and Process Development, Sanquin Blood Supply, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephane Begue
- Etabissement Francais du Sang, Guadeloupe-Guyana et Martinique, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Anaïs Lotens
- Service du Sang, Belgian Red Cross, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Ólafur E Sigurjónsson
- Blood bank, Landspitalinn, Reykjavik, Iceland.,School of Technology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Chloë George
- Department of Component Development, Welsh Blood Service, Wrexham, UK
| | | | - Ryan Evans
- Department of New Developments, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Linda Larsson
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockhold, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockhol, Sweden
| | | | | | - Wiebke Handke
- Department of Research and Development, Bavarian Red Cross Blood Service, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Juha Eronen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Birte Mallas
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dirk de Korte
- Department of Product and Process Development, Sanquin Blood Supply, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Medical devices as a source of phthalate exposure: a review of current knowledge and alternative solutions. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2022; 73:179-190. [PMID: 36226817 PMCID: PMC9837533 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are a group of phthalic acid esters used as plasticisers in a large number of products to improve their flexibility, softness, and extensibility. Their wide use in medical devices, however, raises a lot of concern, as they can enter the organism and have toxic effects on human liver, thyroid, kidneys, lungs, reproductive, endocrine, nervous, and respiratory system and are associated with asthma, obesity, autism, and diabetes. The aim of this review is to summarise current knowledge about phthalate migration from medical devices during different medical procedures and possible impact on patient health. It also looks at alternative plasticisers with supposedly lower migration rates and safer profile. Not enough is known about which and how many phthalates make part of medical devices or about the health impacts of alternative plasticisers or their migration rates.
Collapse
|
8
|
Vermeulen C, den Besten G, van den Bos AG, Go M, Gouwerok E, Vlaar R, Schipperus MR, Spelmink SE, Janssen M, Lagerberg JW, de Korte D, Klei TRL. Clinical and in vitro evaluation of red blood cells collected and stored in a
non‐DEHP
plasticized bag system. Vox Sang 2022; 117:1163-1170. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christie Vermeulen
- Department of Product and Process Development Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gijs den Besten
- Department of Clinical Chemistry Isala Hospital Zwolle The Netherlands
| | - Annegeet G. van den Bos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Mya Go
- Department of Product and Process Development Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Blood Cell Research Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Eric Gouwerok
- Department of Product and Process Development Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Blood Cell Research Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Richard Vlaar
- Department of Product and Process Development Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Blood Cell Research Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia E. Spelmink
- Department of Transfusion Medicine Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Mart Janssen
- Transfusion Technology Assessment Unit Donor Medicine Research Department, Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Johan W. Lagerberg
- Department of Product and Process Development Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Blood Cell Research Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Dirk de Korte
- Department of Product and Process Development Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Blood Cell Research Sanquin Research Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Thomas R. L. Klei
- Department of Product and Process Development Sanquin Blood Bank Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Study on the Physical, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of SEBS/PP (Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene/Polypropylene) Blend as a Medical Fluid Bag. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163267. [PMID: 36015524 PMCID: PMC9416621 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of DEHP in PVC-based medical bags poses a significant health risk to patients undergoing blood transfusion. In order to fabricate safer medical fluid bag materials, the use of SEBS/PP polymer blend as a potential material was investigated. Polymeric blends with varying weight percentages of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene/polypropylene (SEBS/PP) were fabricated by melt mixing using an internal Haake mixer. The physical properties of the SEBS/PP polymer blends were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, measurements of the mechanical strength (tensile strength and Young’s modulus) as per ASTM 638, polymer hardness was tested using a durometer and swelling was analysed through water absorption and compared with commercial PVC-based blood bags. The results indicate that the SEBS/PP 50/50 blend has approximately similar characteristics as PVC-based blood bags. The SEBS/PP polymer blend possesses approximate tensile strength and Young’s modulus with values of 23.28 MPa and 14.42 MPa, respectively, to that of the conventional PVC blood bags. The results show that the SEBS/PP polymer blends have negligible zinc and aluminium migration with values of 1.6 and 2.1 mg/kg, respectively, and do not elute any harmful leachates, while the thermal studies indicate that the studied SEBS/PP materials are capable of withstanding steam sterilisation at 120 °C and cold storage below −40 °C. The investigated material can be utilized for medical fluid bags and contributes towards sustainable development goals, such as SDG 3 to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being, as well as SDG 12 to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.
Collapse
|
10
|
Tsai CY, Fang TP, Chen SW, Chen HW, Lin ECY, Lin TA, Tarng DC, Chang YI. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate impairs erythropoiesis via inducing Klotho expression and not via bioenergetic reprogramming. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1234-1245. [PMID: 35273725 PMCID: PMC8902563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is the most widely used phthalate to manufacture various plastic products. However, the potential effects of DEHP on erythropoiesis have not been investigated comprehensively. Here, we aimed to investigate whether DEHP modulated the function of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to influence erythropoiesis, and to explore the associated mechanisms. In the present study, human cell lines with a capacity to differentiate into erythroid cells and murine bone marrow cells were treated with DEHP. DEHP not only impaired HSPC function, but also suppressed erythroid differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, DEHP removal restored HSPC activity. To explore how DEHP interfered with erythroid differentiation, we focused on energy metabolism and Klotho expression. DEHP suppressed erythroid differentiation via upregulating Klotho expression, while it did not via modulating cellular bioenergetics. Therefore, our results provided a novel insight into the pathophysiological link between phthalates and dysregulated erythroid differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yi Tsai
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Te-Ping Fang
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Shuoh-Wen Chen
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wen Chen
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Eric Chang-Yi Lin
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Ting-An Lin
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei 112201, Taiwan
| | - Der-Cherng Tarng
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei 112201, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B)Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-I Chang
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei 112304, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Burgos-Aceves MA, Abo-Al-Ela HG, Faggio C. Physiological and metabolic approach of plastic additive effects: Immune cells responses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 404:124114. [PMID: 33035909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Human and wildlife are continually exposed to a wide range of compounds and substances, which reach the body through the air, water, food, or personal care products. Plasticizers are compounds added to plastics and can be released to the environment under certain conditions. Toxicological studies have concluded that plasticizers, phthalates, and bisphenols are endocrine disruptors, alter the endocrine system and functioning of the immune system and metabolic process. A functional immune response indicates favourable living conditions for an organism; conversely, a weak immune response could reveal a degraded environment that requires organisms to adapt. There is growing concern about the presence of plastic debris in the environment. In this review, the current knowledge of the action of plasticizers on leukocyte cells will be itemized. We also point out critically the role of some nuclear and membrane receptors as key players in the action of plasticizers on cells possess immune function. We discuss the role of erythrocytes within the immune responses and the alteration caused by plasticizers. Finally, we highlight data evidencing mitochondrial dysfunctions triggered by plasticizing toxic action, which can lead to immunosuppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Haitham G Abo-Al-Ela
- Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Den Braver-Sewradj SP, Piersma A, Hessel EVS. An update on the hazard of and exposure to diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) alternatives used in medical devices. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:650-672. [PMID: 33006299 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1816896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of the plasticizer diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) in PVC medical devices is being questioned due to its potential reprotoxic effects in patients exposed as a result from migration from the device. This article reviews new information on migration and toxicity data of eleven alternative plasticizers that have previously been evaluated by the Danish EPA and the EU SCENIHR (Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks). The new toxicity data did not justify the reconsideration of the critical NOAELs as established by SCENIHR and Danish EPA. The dataset on oral toxicity studies is rather complete for most substances; however, in particular for reproductive toxicity and endocrine disruption, data gaps still exist for many alternatives. Toxicity data on intravenous exposure are lacking and these are essential to conclude on hazard characteristics of alternatives that are poorly absorbed via the oral exposure route. Migration data are emerging for a few alternatives but still sparse for the majority of the alternatives. Taking all data on migration and toxicity in consideration, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, diisononylester (DINCH), and tris(2-ethylhexyl)benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate display a more favorable profile compared to DEHP. For these promising alternatives, a risk assessment for use in medical devices should be conducted. As a next step, we recommend the (further) generation of relevant migration data and, where needed, relevant toxicity data for the alternative substances, in order to be able to conduct a benefit-risk analysis of DEHP and the alternatives as obligatory in the new European Union Medical Device Regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aldert Piersma
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen V S Hessel
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wirtz MR, Almizraq RJ, Weber NC, Norris PJ, Pandey S, Spinella PC, Muszynski JA, P Acker J, Juffermans NP. Red-blood-cell manufacturing methods and storage solutions differentially induce pulmonary cell activation. Vox Sang 2020; 115:395-404. [PMID: 32166810 PMCID: PMC7497002 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Red‐blood‐cell (RBC) transfusion is associated with lung injury, which is further exacerbated by mechanical ventilation. Manufacturing methods of blood products differ globally and may play a role in the induction of pulmonary cell activation through alteration of the immunomodulatory property of the products. Here, the effect of different manufacturing methods on pulmonary cell activation was investigated in an in vitro model of mechanical ventilation. Materials and Methods Pulmonary type II cells were incubated with supernatant from fresh and old RBC products obtained via whole blood filtration (WBF), red cell filtration (RCF), apheresis‐derived (AD) or whole blood‐derived (WBD) methods. Lung cells were subjected to 25% stretch for 24 h. Controls were non‐stretched or non‐incubated cells. Results Fresh but not old AD products and WBF products induce lung cell production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which was not observed with WBD or RCF products. Effects were associated with an increased amount of platelet‐derived vesicles and an increased thrombin‐generating capacity. Mechanical stretching of lung cells induced more severe cell injury compared to un‐stretched controls, including alterations in the cytoskeleton, which was further augmented by incubation with AD products. In all read‐out parameters, RCF products seemed to induce less injury compared to the other products. Conclusions Our findings show that manufacturing methods of RBC products impact pulmonary cell activation, which may be mediated by the generation of vesicles in the product. We suggest RBC manufacturing method may be an important factor in understanding the association between RBC transfusion and lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs R Wirtz
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruqayyah J Almizraq
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nina C Weber
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philip J Norris
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Suchitra Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Blood Centers of the Pacific (member of Blood Systems), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philip C Spinella
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer A Muszynski
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jason P Acker
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nicole P Juffermans
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Interactions of amphiphiles with plasticisers used in polymers: Understanding the basis of health and environmental challenges. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 277:102109. [PMID: 32028074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plasticisers are widely used to provide desirable mechanical properties of many polymeric materials. These small molecule additives are also known to leach from the finished products, and this not only may modify the physical properties but the distribution of these materials in the environment and in the human body can cause long-term health concerns and environmental challenges. Many of these plasticisers are esters of polyvalent acids and phthalic acid has previously been predominant but various alternatives are now being more widely explored. The eventual distribution of these compounds depends not just on solubility in aqueous media and on vapour pressure but also on their interaction with other materials, particularly lipids and amphiphiles. This review provides an overview of both the basic physical data (solubility, partition coefficients, surface tension, vapour pressure) that is available in the literature and summarises what has been learnt about the molecular interactions of various plasticisers with surfactants and lipids.
Collapse
|
15
|
Descat A, Lecoeur M, Kouach M, Goossens L, Thelliez A, Odou P, Decaudin B, Goossens JF. Simultaneous determination of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and diisononylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate and their monoester metabolites in four labile blood products by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 181:113063. [PMID: 31927338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.113063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a common plasticizer that is largely used for PVC blood bags. The migration of DEHP from medical devices into labile blood products (LBP) is a well-known situation. While DEHP has beneficial effects on the storage of red blood cells, it can have toxicological impact due to its potential reprotoxic effects (classified group 1B). Since July 1st, 2015, the French law prohibits the use of tubing made in DEHP-plasticized PVC in paediatric, neonatal and maternity wards. This provision, which could extend in several years more widely to medical devices used for drugs infusion, dialysis, feeding and blood bags, has led manufacturers to replace DEHP to alternative plasticizers such as diisononylcyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH). In this paper, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the determination of DEHP, DINCH and their corresponding monoester metabolites (MEHP and MINCH) in four labile blood products (LBP): whole blood (WB), red cells concentrate (RCC), plasma and platelet concentrate (PC). Due to strong contamination of blank LBP by DEHP because of its ubiquitous presence in working environment and despite the attention paid to avoid contamination of solvents and glassware, a trap chromatographic column was implemented between the solvent mixing chamber and the injector of the LC system. This set-up permitted to discriminate DEHP present in the sample to DEHP brought by the environmental contamination. In the optimized conditions, all compounds were separated in less than 10 min. The analytes were extracted from LBP samples using a liquid-liquid extraction. After optimization, recoveries were ranged from 47 to 96 %, depending on the analytes and the nature of LBP. Except for DEHP which exhibited RSD values of intermediate precision higher than 20 % at a concentration of 25 nM, all the precision results (repeatability and intermediate precision) were lower than 16 % and trueness values ranged from -16.2-19.8%. Using the validated method, the leachability of DEHP and DINCH from corresponding PVC-blood bags was investigated and the concentrations of their corresponding metabolites, MEHP and MINCH, were determined in whole blood, red cells concentrate, plasma and platelet concentrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Descat
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ Lille, Plateau de spectrométrie de masse - ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie Lecoeur
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Mostafa Kouach
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ Lille, Plateau de spectrométrie de masse - ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Laurence Goossens
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Aurélie Thelliez
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Pascal Odou
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France; Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Bertrand Decaudin
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France; Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-François Goossens
- Univ Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ Lille, Plateau de spectrométrie de masse - ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ingram N, Dishinger C, Wood J, Hutzler JM, Smith S, Huskin M. Effect of the Plasticizer DEHP in Blood Collection Bags on Human Plasma Fraction Unbound Determination for Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein (AAG) Binding Drugs. AAPS JOURNAL 2018; 21:5. [PMID: 30446887 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-018-0276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fraction unbound (fu) is a critical drug distribution parameter commonly utilized for modeling efficacious dosage and safety margin predictions. An over-estimation of fu for 13 chemically diverse small molecule drugs primarily bound to alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) in human plasma was discovered when in vitro results from our screening lab were compared to literature values. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer known to be used in the manufacture of blood collection bags, was extracted from plasma obtained through three common techniques that allowed contact with DEHP, and drug fu values in plasma from each collection method were estimated using the HTDialysis protein binding methodology. Additionally, fu of test compounds in plasma spiked with varying concentrations of DEHP (0-800 μM) was determined, and DEHP extractions were performed from plasma stored in Terumo bags over 7 days. Blood stored in Terumo bags, blood collected in Terumo bags, but immediately transferred to conical vials, and vacutainer-collected blood yielded DEHP concentrations of 300-1000 μM, 1-10 μM, and 0.1-2 μM, respectively. This finding corresponded with the fu of tested drugs in DEHP-spiked plasma increasing between 2- and 5-fold. Additionally, DEHP was discovered to leach from the Terumo bag, with concentrations increasing 10-fold over a 7-day test period. In summary, the presence of DEHP in commercially available blood collection bags confounds in vitro fu estimation for drugs that bind primarily to AAG. It is recommended that vacutainer-collected human plasma, which contains negligible DEHP, be used for the most accurate estimation of fu in human plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ingram
- Q2 Solutions, Bioanalytical and ADME Labs, 5225 Exploration Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46241, USA
| | - Christopher Dishinger
- Q2 Solutions, Bioanalytical and ADME Labs, 5225 Exploration Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46241, USA
| | - Jennifer Wood
- Q2 Solutions, Bioanalytical and ADME Labs, 5225 Exploration Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46241, USA
| | - J Matthew Hutzler
- Q2 Solutions, Bioanalytical and ADME Labs, 5225 Exploration Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46241, USA
| | - Sherri Smith
- H3 Biomedicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Huskin
- Q2 Solutions, Bioanalytical and ADME Labs, 5225 Exploration Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46241, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Melzak KA, Uhlig S, Kirschhöfer F, Brenner-Weiss G, Bieback K. The Blood Bag Plasticizer Di-2-Ethylhexylphthalate Causes Red Blood Cells to Form Stomatocytes, Possibly by Inducing Lipid Flip-Flop. Transfus Med Hemother 2018; 45:413-422. [PMID: 30574059 DOI: 10.1159/000490502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During storage of red blood cell (RBC) concentrates, the plasticizer di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) that keeps the blood bags soft leaches out and can be taken up by the RBCs. DEHP is known to be beneficial for the RBC storage quality, but the molecular mechanisms of the action are unknown. Methods Aqueous suspensions of DEHP were added to RBCs in buffer. The morphological effects were observed on RBCs from 5 donors. Flow cytometry with annexin A5 binding was used to measure the exposed phosphatidylserine. Results DEHP induced the formation of stomatocytes at concentrations as low as ng/ml, provided that the cell suspension was also sufficiently dilute. Some spherocytes, which were susceptible to lysis, were also formed; after lysis, RBC ghosts were seen to continue the transition to the cup-shaped stomatocyte form. Incubation with DEHP increased the exposed phosphatidylserine, an effect that was also observed in the presence of vanadate, which inhibits the ATP-dependent translocases that maintain the membrane's lipid asymmetry. Conclusions DEHP can have an active effect on RBC shape, instead of just preventing the storage-related shape changes. The effect appears to be mediated by increased flip-flop of lipids between the leaflets of the RBC membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Melzak
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Uhlig
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Flowcore Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschhöfer
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Gerald Brenner-Weiss
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Karen Bieback
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Flowcore Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Almizraq RJ, Acker JP. Closing in on DEHP-free red blood cell concentrate containers. Transfusion 2018; 58:1089-1092. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruqayyah J. Almizraq
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Jason P. Acker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB Canada
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services; Edmonton AB Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Laurén E, Tigistu-Sahle F, Valkonen S, Westberg M, Valkeajärvi A, Eronen J, Siljander P, Pettilä V, Käkelä R, Laitinen S, Kerkelä E. Phospholipid composition of packed red blood cells and that of extracellular vesicles show a high resemblance and stability during storage. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2017; 1863:1-8. [PMID: 28965917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are stored up to 35-42days at 2-6°C in blood banks. During storage, the RBC membrane is challenged by energy depletion, decreasing pH, altered cation homeostasis, and oxidative stress, leading to several biochemical and morphological changes in RBCs and to shedding of extracellular vesicles (EVs) into the storage medium. These changes are collectively known as RBC storage lesions. EVs accumulate in stored RBC concentrates and are, thus, transfused into patients. The potency of EVs as bioactive effectors is largely acknowledged, and EVs in RBC concentrates are suspected to mediate some adverse effects of transfusion. Several studies have shown accumulation of lipid raft-associated proteins in RBC EVs during storage, whereas a comprehensive phospholipidomic study on RBCs and corresponding EVs during the clinical storage period is lacking. Our mass spectrometric and chromatographic study shows that RBCs maintain their major phospholipid (PL) content well during storage despite abundant vesiculation. The phospholipidomes were largely similar between RBCs and EVs. No accumulation of raft lipids in EVs was seen, suggesting that the primary mechanism of RBC vesiculation during storage might not be raft -based. Nonetheless, a slight tendency of EV PLs for shorter acyl chains was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Laurén
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Kivihaantie 7, 00310 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Feven Tigistu-Sahle
- University of Helsinki, Department of Biosciences, Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sami Valkonen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Kivihaantie 7, 00310 Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki, Department of Biosciences, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Melissa Westberg
- University of Helsinki, Department of Biosciences, Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Valkeajärvi
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Kivihaantie 7, 00310 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Eronen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Kivihaantie 7, 00310 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pia Siljander
- University of Helsinki, Department of Biosciences, Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Helsinki, Finland; University of Helsinki, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Pettilä
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo Käkelä
- University of Helsinki, Department of Biosciences, Division of Physiology and Neuroscience, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Laitinen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Kivihaantie 7, 00310 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erja Kerkelä
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Kivihaantie 7, 00310 Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The storage lesions: From past to future. Transfus Clin Biol 2017; 24:277-284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
21
|
Antonelou MH, Seghatchian J. Update on extracellular vesicles inside red blood cell storage units: Adjust the sails closer to the new wind. Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 55:92-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|