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Chen G, Mohsin A, Zheng H, Rosenberg-Hasson Y, Padilla C, Sarin KY, Dekker CL, Grant P, Maecker HT, Lu Y, Furman D, Shen-Orr S, Khatri P, Davis MM. Age-dependent cytokine surge in blood precedes cancer diagnosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2025; 122:e2420502122. [PMID: 40117305 PMCID: PMC11962427 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2420502122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with increased variability and dysregulation of the immune system. We performed a system-level analysis of serum cytokines in a longitudinal cohort of 133 healthy individuals over 9 y. We found that cancer incidence is a major contributor to increased cytokine abundance variability. Circulating cytokines increase up to 4 y before a cancer diagnosis in subjects with age over 80 y. We also analyzed cytokine expression in 10 types of early-stage cancers from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We found that a similar set of cytokines is upregulated in tumor tissues, specifically after the age of 80 y. Similarly, cellular senescence activity and CDKN1A/p21 expression increase with age in cancer tissues. Finally, we demonstrated that the cytokine levels in serum can be used to predict cancers among subjects age at 80+ y. Our results suggest that latent senescent cancers contribute to age-related chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbo Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Azam Mohsin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94304
| | - Yael Rosenberg-Hasson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Cindy Padilla
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94304
| | - Kavita Y. Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94304
| | - Cornelia L. Dekker
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94304
| | - Philip Grant
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94304
| | - Holden T. Maecker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- The Human Immune Monitoring Center, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94304
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA94304
| | - David Furman
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA94945
- Stanford 1,000 Immunomes Project, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90007
| | - Shai Shen-Orr
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa3525422, Israel
| | - Purvesh Khatri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
- Department of Medicine, Stanford Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94304
| | - Mark M. Davis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
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Thalji SZ, Cortina CS, Kong AL. ASO Author Reflections: Extending Optimal Care for Breast Cancer to the Elderly Population. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:6471-6472. [PMID: 37368097 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Z Thalji
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Chandler S Cortina
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Amanda L Kong
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Cortina CS. De-Escalation of Local-Regional Therapy for Older Breast Cancer Patients. CURRENT BREAST CANCER REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12609-020-00395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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