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Maurer GS, Clayton ZS. Anthracycline chemotherapy, vascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment: burgeoning topics and future directions. Future Cardiol 2023; 19:547-566. [PMID: 36354315 PMCID: PMC10599408 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2022-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines, chemotherapeutic agents used to treat common forms of cancer, increase cardiovascular (CV) complications, thereby necessitating research regarding interventions to improve the health of cancer survivors. Vascular dysfunction, which is induced by anthracycline chemotherapy, is an established antecedent to overt CV diseases. Potential treatment options for ameliorating vascular dysfunction have largely been understudied. Furthermore, patients treated with anthracyclines have impaired cognitive function and vascular dysfunction is an independent risk factor for the development of mild cognitive impairment. Here, we will focus on: anthracycline chemotherapy associated CV diseases risk; how targeting mechanisms underlying vascular dysfunction may be a means to improve both CV and cognitive health; and research gaps and potential future directions for the field of cardio-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace S Maurer
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
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Zeng L, Liu L, Chen D, Lu H, Xue Y, Bi H, Yang W. The innovative model based on artificial intelligence algorithms to predict recurrence risk of patients with postoperative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1117420. [PMID: 36959794 PMCID: PMC10029918 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1117420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to retrospectively study and predict the recurrence risk of breast cancer patients after surgery by extracting the clinicopathological features of tumors from unstructured clinical electronic health record (EHR) data. Methods This retrospective cohort included 1,841 breast cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment. To extract the principal features associated with recurrence risk, the clinical notes and histopathology reports of patients were collected and feature engineering was used. Predictive models were next conducted based on this important information. All algorithms were implemented using Python software. The accuracy of prediction models was further verified in the test cohort. The area under the curve (AUC), precision, recall, and F1 score were adopted to evaluate the performance of each model. Results A training cohort with 1,289 patients and a test cohort with 552 patients were recruited. From 2011 to 2019, a total of 1,841 textual reports were included. For the prediction of recurrence risk, both LSTM, XGBoost, and SVM had favorable accuracies of 0.89, 0.86, and 0.78. The AUC values of the micro-average ROC curve corresponding to LSTM, XGBoost, and SVM were 0.98 ± 0.01, 0.97 ± 0.03, and 0.92 ± 0.06. Especially the LSTM model achieved superior execution than other models. The accuracy, F1 score, macro-avg F1 score (0.87), and weighted-avg F1 score (0.89) of the LSTM model produced higher values. All P values were statistically significant. Patients in the high-risk group predicted by our model performed more resistant to DNA damage and microtubule targeting drugs than those in the intermediate-risk group. The predicted low-risk patients were not statistically significant compared with intermediate- or high-risk patients due to the small sample size (188 low-risk patients were predicted via our model, and only two of them were administered chemotherapy alone after surgery). The prognosis of patients predicted by our model was consistent with the actual follow-up records. Conclusions The constructed model accurately predicted the recurrence risk of breast cancer patients from EHR data and certainly evaluated the chemoresistance and prognosis of patients. Therefore, our model can help clinicians to formulate the individualized management of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongxin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Henghui Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Xue
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongjie Bi
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Shima H, Kutomi G, Kuga Y, Wada A, Satomi F, Sato K, Kyuno D, Nishikawa N, Uno S, Kameshima H, Ohmura T, Hasegawa T, Takemasa I. Additional effect of anthracycline in preoperative chemotherapy with a sequential anthracycline‑containing regimen preceded by pertuzumab, trastuzumab and docetaxel combination therapy. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:68. [PMID: 36605524 PMCID: PMC9798155 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper use of anthracycline-containing regimens in combination with anti-HER2-targeted therapy in a neoadjuvant setting for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer has not been resolved. Regimens preceded by anthracyclines have become the standard of care, and although the order has no significant impact on HER2-negative breast cancer, it is inconclusive as to whether a taxane-first sequence would have a similar effect on HER2-positive breast cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the benefit of a taxane-first sequence and of adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) in patients with non-clinical complete response (non-cCR) to pertuzumab, trastuzumab and docetaxel (PTD). The present single-center prospective observational study was performed to investigate PTD followed by AC, and aimed to clarify the cCR rate after PTD alone and the pathological clinical response (pCR) rate after subsequent AC in patients without cCR after PTD alone. A total 24 patients were analyzed; of these, 14 achieved pCR (pCR rate, 58.3%). While four of 14 patients (28.6%) in the intention-to-treat population achieved pCR, nine of 14 patients (64.3%) achieved pCR with AC but not cCR after PTD. The median tumor reduction rate after four cycles of PTD was 58.9% (range, 20.8-100%) in all 24 patients, whereas the reduction rate after PTD-AC was 76.9% (range, 31.1-100%). Cardiac serious adverse events occurred in three patients (12.5%). In conclusion, a high pCR rate was observed for the taxane-first sequence. Patients were highly responsive to PTD, but some cases achieved additional antitumor effects after AC, which resulted in pCR without cCR after PTD alone. Since cardiotoxicity remains a significant problem, a higher risk-benefit treatment strategy is required to aim for AC omission. Trial registration number: UMIN000046338, name of registry: UMIN-CTR, date of registration: December 10, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Shima
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan,Correspondence to: Dr Hiroaki Shima, Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Goro Kutomi
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Yoko Kuga
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Asaka Wada
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Fukino Satomi
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Kiminori Sato
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan,Department of Surgery, Takikawa Municipal Hospital, Takikawa, Hokkaido 073-0022, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kyuno
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | | | - Satoko Uno
- Department of Surgery, Muroran City General Hospital, Muroran, Hokkaido 051-8512, Japan
| | | | - Tosei Ohmura
- Department of Surgery, Higashi Sapporo Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido 003-8585, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takemasa
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
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