1
|
Shapiro D, Lee K, Asmussen J, Bourquard T, Lichtarge O. Evolutionary Action-Machine Learning Model Identifies Candidate Genes Associated With Early-Onset Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029103. [PMID: 37642027 PMCID: PMC10547338 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.029103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease is a primary cause of death around the world, with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Although genome-wide association studies have linked >100 unique loci to its genetic basis, these only explain a fraction of disease heritability. Methods and Results To find additional gene drivers of coronary artery disease, we applied machine learning to quantitative evolutionary information on the impact of coding variants in whole exomes from the Myocardial Infarction Genetics Consortium. Using ensemble-based supervised learning, the Evolutionary Action-Machine Learning framework ranked each gene's ability to classify case and control samples and identified 79 significant associations. These were connected to known risk loci; enriched in cardiovascular processes like lipid metabolism, blood clotting, and inflammation; and enriched for cardiovascular phenotypes in knockout mouse models. Among them, INPP5F and MST1R are examples of potentially novel coronary artery disease risk genes that modulate immune signaling in response to cardiac stress. Conclusions We concluded that machine learning on the functional impact of coding variants, based on a massive amount of evolutionary information, has the power to suggest novel coronary artery disease risk genes for mechanistic and therapeutic discoveries in cardiovascular biology, and should also apply in other complex polygenic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dillon Shapiro
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Kwanghyuk Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Jennifer Asmussen
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Thomas Bourquard
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Olivier Lichtarge
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
- Computational & Integrative Biomedical Research CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Badescu MC, Butnariu LI, Costache AD, Gheorghe L, Seritean Isac PN, Chetran A, Leancă SA, Afrăsânie I, Duca ȘT, Gorduza EV, Costache II, Rezus C. Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Hereditary Thrombophilia-A Focus on Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210A. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1371. [PMID: 37374153 DOI: 10.3390/life13061371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Factor V (FV) Leiden and prothrombin G20210A are the most common hereditary thrombophilias. While their role in venous thromboembolism is well known, there are still uncertainties regarding their relationship with arterial thrombotic events, especially coronary ones. Our research, based on an in-depth analysis of the available literature, provides up-to-date information on the relationship between FV Leiden and prothrombin G20210A and acute myocardial infarction. FV Leiden and prothrombin G20210A screening should be implemented only in select cases, such as acute coronary syndrome in young individuals and/or in the absence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and/or in the absence of significant coronary artery stenosis at angiography. Their identification should be followed by the implementation of optimal control of modifiable traditional cardiovascular risk factors to reduce the risk of recurrent events and genotyping and genetic counseling of all family members of affected cases for proper prophylaxis. An extended dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) may be considered, given the lower risk of bleeding under DAPT conferred by FV Leiden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Ionela Butnariu
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dan Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liliana Gheorghe
- Department of Radiology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Radiology Clinic "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Petronela Nicoleta Seritean Isac
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adriana Chetran
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sabina Andreea Leancă
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Afrăsânie
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ștefania-Teodora Duca
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li H, Sun X, Li Z, Zhao R, Li M, Hu T. Machine learning-based integration develops biomarkers initial the crosstalk between inflammation and immune in acute myocardial infarction patients. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1059543. [PMID: 36684609 PMCID: PMC9846646 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1059543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Great strides have been made in past years toward revealing the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the prognosis did not meet satisfactory expectations. Considering the importance of early diagnosis in AMI, biomarkers with high sensitivity and accuracy are urgently needed. On the other hand, the prevalence of AMI worldwide has rapidly increased over the last few years, especially after the outbreak of COVID-19. Thus, in addition to the classical risk factors for AMI, such as overwork, agitation, overeating, cold irritation, constipation, smoking, and alcohol addiction, viral infections triggers have been considered. Immune cells play pivotal roles in the innate immunosurveillance of viral infections. So, immunotherapies might serve as a potential preventive or therapeutic approach, sparking new hope for patients with AMI. An era of artificial intelligence has led to the development of numerous machine learning algorithms. In this study, we integrated multiple machine learning algorithms for the identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers for AMI. Then, the possible association between critical genes and immune cell infiltration status was characterized for improving the diagnosis and treatment of AMI patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- Medical College of Soochow University, The People’s Liberation Army of China (PLA) Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baotou Central Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Baotou, China
| | - Xinti Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zesheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruiping Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baotou Central Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Baotou, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Baotou Central Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Baotou, China,*Correspondence: Meng Li,
| | - Taohong Hu
- Medical College of Soochow University, The People’s Liberation Army of China (PLA) Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China,Taohong Hu,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cao Z, Gao J, Huang S, Xiang H, Zhang C, Zheng B, Zhan X, Chen R, Chen B. Genetic Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review. Audiol Neurootol 2019; 24:8-19. [PMID: 30870848 DOI: 10.1159/000497032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, genetic factors have been considered as an important risk factor for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Many studies analyzed the association between SSNHL and polymorphisms. However, most of them gave inconclusive results. Key Message: We performed a systematic review to find out the association between polymorphisms and susceptibility to SSNHL. Finally, 47 studies involving 5,230 SSNHL patients and 68 genes were included for analysis and discussion of results. Polymorphisms in 26 genes have been suggested to be correlated with the susceptibility to SSNHL. SUMMARY Although a great number of studies support that polymorphisms in genes are associated with susceptibility to SSNHL, we need large multicenter studies, which evaluate multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms in SSNHL patients, to find real genetic risk factors for susceptibility to SSNHL. This is very helpful in designing more effective prevention and treatment strategies for patients with SSNHL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaizai Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinjian Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Saiyu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haijie Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuqin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruru Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bobei Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China, .,The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cole JW, Xu H, Ryan K, Jaworek T, Dueker N, McArdle P, Gaynor B, Cheng YC, O'Connell J, Bevan S, Malik R, Ahmed NU, Amouyel P, Anjum S, Bis JC, Crosslin D, Danesh J, Engelter ST, Fornage M, Frossard P, Gieger C, Giese AK, Grond-Ginsbach C, Ho WK, Holliday E, Hopewell J, Hussain M, Iqbal W, Jabeen S, Jannes J, Kamal A, Kamatani Y, Kanse S, Kloss M, Lathrop M, Leys D, Lindgren A, Longstreth WT, Mahmood K, Meisinger C, Metso TM, Mosley T, Müller-Nurasyid M, Norrving B, Parati E, Peters A, Pezzini A, Quereshi I, Rasheed A, Rauf A, Salam T, Shen J, Słowik A, Stanne T, Strauch K, Tatlisumak T, Thijs VN, Tiedt S, Traylor M, Waldenberger M, Walters M, Zhao W, Boncoraglio G, Debette S, Jern C, Levi C, Markus H, Meschia J, Rolfs A, Rothwell P, Saleheen D, Seshadri S, Sharma P, Sudlow C, Worrall B, Stine OC, Kittner SJ, Mitchell BD. Genetics of the thrombomodulin-endothelial cell protein C receptor system and the risk of early-onset ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206554. [PMID: 30383853 PMCID: PMC6211695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Polymorphisms in coagulation genes have been associated with early-onset ischemic stroke. Here we pursue an a priori hypothesis that genetic variation in the endothelial-based receptors of the thrombomodulin-protein C system (THBD and PROCR) may similarly be associated with early-onset ischemic stroke. We explored this hypothesis utilizing a multi-stage design of discovery and replication. METHODS Discovery was performed in the Genetics-of-Early-Onset Stroke (GEOS) Study, a biracial population-based case-control study of ischemic stroke among men and women aged 15-49 including 829 cases of first ischemic stroke (42.2% African-American) and 850 age-comparable stroke-free controls (38.1% African-American). Twenty-four single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) in THBD and 22 SNPs in PROCR were evaluated. Following LD pruning (r2≥0.8), we advanced uncorrelated SNPs forward for association analyses. Associated SNPs were evaluated for replication in an early-onset ischemic stroke population (onset-age<60 years) consisting of 3676 cases and 21118 non-stroke controls from 6 case-control studies. Lastly, we determined if the replicated SNPs also associated with older-onset ischemic stroke in the METASTROKE data-base. RESULTS Among GEOS Caucasians, PROCR rs9574, which was in strong LD with 8 other SNPs, and one additional independent SNP rs2069951, were significantly associated with ischemic stroke (rs9574, OR = 1.33, p = 0.003; rs2069951, OR = 1.80, p = 0.006) using an additive-model adjusting for age, gender and population-structure. Adjusting for risk factors did not change the associations; however, associations were strengthened among those without risk factors. PROCR rs9574 also associated with early-onset ischemic stroke in the replication sample (OR = 1.08, p = 0.015), but not older-onset stroke. There were no PROCR associations in African-Americans, nor were there any THBD associations in either ethnicity. CONCLUSION PROCR polymorphisms are associated with early-onset ischemic stroke in Caucasians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W. Cole
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Huichun Xu
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Ryan
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Thomas Jaworek
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Nicole Dueker
- University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Patrick McArdle
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Brady Gaynor
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ching Cheng
- Food and Drug Administration, White Oak, MD, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey O'Connell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Steve Bevan
- University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Rainer Malik
- Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Sheraz Anjum
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - David Crosslin
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - John Danesh
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Myriam Fornage
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | | | | | - Anne-Katrin Giese
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Weang Kee Ho
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - M. Hussain
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - W. Iqbal
- Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S. Jabeen
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jim Jannes
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sandip Kanse
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Mark Lathrop
- McGill University and Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | - W. T. Longstreth
- Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Thomas Mosley
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Annette Peters
- GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich, Germany
| | | | - I. Quereshi
- King Edward Medical University and Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A. Rauf
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T. Salam
- Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jess Shen
- Lunenfeld Tenubaum Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Tara Stanne
- Institute of Biomedicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Vincent N. Thijs
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steffen Tiedt
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Wei Zhao
- Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Hugh Markus
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James Meschia
- Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States of America
| | - Arndt Rolfs
- University of Rostock, Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
| | | | - Danish Saleheen
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Royal Holloway, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bradford Worrall
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | | | | | - O. Colin Stine
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Kittner
- Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Braxton D. Mitchell
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ansani L, Marchesini J, Pestelli G, Luisi GA, Scillitani G, Longo G, Milani D, Serino ML, Tisato V, Gemmati D. F13A1 Gene Variant (V34L) and Residual Circulating FXIIIA Levels Predict Short- and Long-Term Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction after Coronary Angioplasty. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092766. [PMID: 30223472 PMCID: PMC6165350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Factor XIIIA (FXIIIA) levels are independent predictors of early prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the Valine-to-Leucine (V34L) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) seems associated with lower AMI risk. Since the long-term AMI prognosis merits deeper investigation, we performed an observational study evaluating relationships between FXIIIA residual levels, cardiovascular risk-factors, and inherited genetic predispositions. FXIIIA V34L was genotyped in 333 AMI patients and a five-year follow-up was performed. FXIIIA levels assessed at day-zero (d0) and four days after AMI (d4), and conventional risk factors were analyzed, focusing on the development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). FXIIIA assessed at d0 and d4 was also an independent MACE predictor in the long-term follow-up (FXIIIAd0, Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.02, 1.79–5.1, p = 0.013; FXIIIAd4, OR = 4.46, 2.33–8.55, p = 0.0001). FXIIIAd4 showed the strongest MACE association, suggesting that the FXIIIA protective role is maximized when high levels are maintained for longer time. Conversely, FXIIIA levels stratified by V34L predicted MACE at a lesser extent among L34-carriers (Hazard Risk (HR)VV34 = 3.89, 2.19–6.87, p = 0.000003; HRL34-carriers = 2.78, 1.39–5.57, p = 0.0039), and V34L did not predict all MACE, only multiple-MACE occurrence (p = 0.0087). Finally, in survival analysis, heart failure and death differed significantly from stroke and recurrent ischemia (p = 0.0013), with FXIIIA levels appreciably lower in the former (p = 0.05). Overall, genetically-determined FXIIIA levels have a significant long-term prognostic role, suggesting that a pharmacogenetics approach might help to select those AMI patients at risk of poor prognosis in the need of dedicated treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ansani
- Operative Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital S. Anna of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Jlenia Marchesini
- Operative Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital S. Anna of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Pestelli
- Operative Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital S. Anna of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Andrea Luisi
- Operative Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital S. Anna of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Giulia Scillitani
- Operative Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital S. Anna of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Longo
- Centre of Haemostasis & Thrombosis, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Daniela Milani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Serino
- Centre of Haemostasis & Thrombosis, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Centre of Haemostasis & Thrombosis, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
- University Center for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Seidelmann SB, Smith E, Subrahmanyan L, Dykas D, Abou Ziki MD, Azari B, Hannah-Shmouni F, Jiang Y, Akar JG, Marieb M, Jacoby D, Bale AE, Lifton RP, Mani A. Application of Whole Exome Sequencing in the Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases in Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 10:CIRCGENETICS.116.001573. [PMID: 28087566 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the advent of high throughput sequencing, the identification of genetic causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become an integral part of medical diagnosis and management and at the forefront of personalized medicine in this field. The use of whole exome sequencing for clinical diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of inherited CVD has not been previously evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed the results of whole exome sequencing in first 200 adult patients with inherited CVD, who underwent genetic testing at the Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics. Genetic diagnosis was reached and reported with a success rate of 26.5% (53 of 200 patients). This compares to 18% (36 of 200) that would have been diagnosed using commercially available genetic panels (P=0.04). Whole exome sequencing was particularly useful for clinical diagnosis in patients with aborted sudden cardiac death, in whom the primary insult for the presence of both depressed cardiac function and prolonged QT had remained unknown. The analysis of the remaining cases using genome annotation and disease segregation led to the discovery of novel candidate genes in another 14% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS Whole exome sequencing is an exceptionally valuable screening tool for its capability to establish the clinical diagnosis of inherited CVDs, particularly for poorly defined cases of sudden cardiac death. By presenting novel candidate genes and their potential disease associations, we also provide evidence for the use of this genetic tool for the identification of novel CVD genes. Creation and sharing of exome databases across centers of care should facilitate the discovery of unknown CVD genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara B Seidelmann
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Emily Smith
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Lakshman Subrahmanyan
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Daniel Dykas
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Maen D Abou Ziki
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Bani Azari
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Fady Hannah-Shmouni
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Yuexin Jiang
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Joseph G Akar
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Mark Marieb
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Daniel Jacoby
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Allen E Bale
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Richard P Lifton
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.)
| | - Arya Mani
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., M.D.A.Z., B.A., J.G.A., M.M., D.J., A.M.), Yale Program for Cardiovascular Genetics (S.B.S., E.S., L.S., F.H.-S., A.M.), Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (D.D., A.E.B., R.P.L., A.M.); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Radiology (S.B.S.) and Division of Cardiac Imaging (S.B.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Key Laboratory of Clinical Trail Research in Cardiovascular Drugs, Ministry of Health Cardiovascular Institute, Fu Wai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China (Y.J.).
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Simino J, Wang Z, Bressler J, Chouraki V, Yang Q, Younkin SG, Seshadri S, Fornage M, Boerwinkle E, Mosley TH. Whole exome sequence-based association analyses of plasma amyloid-β in African and European Americans; the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities-Neurocognitive Study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180046. [PMID: 28704393 PMCID: PMC5509141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We performed single-variant and gene-based association analyses of plasma amyloid-β (aβ) concentrations using whole exome sequence from 1,414 African and European Americans. Our goal was to identify genes that influence plasma aβ42 concentrations and aβ42:aβ40 ratios in late middle age (mean = 59 years), old age (mean = 77 years), or change over time (mean = 18 years). Methods Plasma aβ measures were linearly regressed onto age, gender, APOE ε4 carrier status, and time elapsed between visits (fold-changes only) separately by race. Following inverse normal transformation of the residuals, seqMeta was used to conduct race-specific single-variant and gene-based association tests while adjusting for population structure. Linear regression models were fit on autosomal variants with minor allele frequencies (MAF)≥1%. T5 burden and Sequence Kernel Association (SKAT) gene-based tests assessed functional variants with MAF≤5%. Cross-race fixed effects meta-analyses were Bonferroni-corrected for the number of variants or genes tested. Results Seven genes were associated with aβ in late middle age or change over time; no associations were identified in old age. Single variants in KLKB1 (rs3733402; p = 4.33x10-10) and F12 (rs1801020; p = 3.89x10-8) were significantly associated with midlife aβ42 levels through cross-race meta-analysis; the KLKB1 variant replicated internally using 1,014 additional participants with exome chip. ITPRIP, PLIN2, and TSPAN18 were associated with the midlife aβ42:aβ40 ratio via the T5 test; TSPAN18 was significant via the cross-race meta-analysis, whereas ITPRIP and PLIN2 were European American-specific. NCOA1 and NT5C3B were associated with the midlife aβ42:aβ40 ratio and the fold-change in aβ42, respectively, via SKAT in African Americans. No associations replicated externally (N = 725). Conclusion We discovered age-dependent genetic effects, established associations between vascular-related genes (KLKB1, F12, PLIN2) and midlife plasma aβ levels, and identified a plausible Alzheimer’s Disease candidate gene (ITPRIP) influencing cell death. Plasma aβ concentrations may have dynamic biological determinants across the lifespan; plasma aβ study designs or analyses must consider age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Simino
- Gertrude C. Ford MIND Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- Department of Data Science, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhiying Wang
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Lille University, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases; Lille, France
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Human Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Human Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thomas H. Mosley
- Gertrude C. Ford MIND Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mannhalter C. [New developments in molecularbiological diagnostic]. Hamostaseologie 2017; 37:138-151. [PMID: 28405674 DOI: 10.5482/hamo-17-01-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, we have access to excellent and advanced molecular methods that are already widely used. This requires rules to control the quality of the methods as well as the laboratory. Both aspects will be discussed in the article. Following the isolation of nucleic acids they are used for genotyping which allows to address several questions: diagnosis of inherited diseases, inherited predispositions, forensic analyses, identification and typing of bacteria or viruses, elucidation of evolutionary aspects. Importantly, it has to be realized that the type and heterogeneity of phenotypically relevant mutations determines the method used for testing. Today, most laboratories use either PCR analyses or Sanger sequencing for diagnostic applications. However, increasingly next generation sequencing (NGS) is applied. The clinical use of NGS is still very challenging, but we can expect that the switch to regular application of this method will be coming in the very near future. The price for NGS has gone down to approx. USD 1000,- which makes the routine diagnostic use feasible. Nevertheless, several challenges have yet to be solved, such as the processing of the large data volume as well as storage of the data. Supporting data bases exist already and some will be discussed in the article. The understanding of the clinical relevance of many polymorphisms is another issue that has yet to be solved, particularly as in the context of personalized medicine polymorphisms have become increasingly important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Mannhalter
- Christine Mannhalter, Medical University Vienna - Department of Laboratory Medicine, Währinger Gürtel 18, Wien, Österreich, Tel: 0043/1/40400-2085, Fax: 0043/1/40400-2097, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dai X, Wiernek S, Evans JP, Runge MS. Genetics of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. World J Cardiol 2016; 8:1-23. [PMID: 26839654 PMCID: PMC4728103 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v8.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) comprises a broad spectrum of clinical entities that include asymptomatic subclinical atherosclerosis and its clinical complications, such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction (MI) and sudden cardiac death. CAD continues to be the leading cause of death in industrialized society. The long-recognized familial clustering of CAD suggests that genetics plays a central role in its development, with the heritability of CAD and MI estimated at approximately 50% to 60%. Understanding the genetic architecture of CAD and MI has proven to be difficult and costly due to the heterogeneity of clinical CAD and the underlying multi-decade complex pathophysiological processes that involve both genetic and environmental interactions. This review describes the clinical heterogeneity of CAD and MI to clarify the disease spectrum in genetic studies, provides a brief overview of the historical understanding and estimation of the heritability of CAD and MI, recounts major gene discoveries of potential causal mutations in familial CAD and MI, summarizes CAD and MI-associated genetic variants identified using candidate gene approaches and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and summarizes the current status of the construction and validations of genetic risk scores for lifetime risk prediction and guidance for preventive strategies. Potential protective genetic factors against the development of CAD and MI are also discussed. Finally, GWAS have identified multiple genetic factors associated with an increased risk of in-stent restenosis following stent placement for obstructive CAD. This review will also address genetic factors associated with in-stent restenosis, which may ultimately guide clinical decision-making regarding revascularization strategies for patients with CAD and MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Dai
- Xuming Dai, Szymon Wiernek, Marschall S Runge, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Szymon Wiernek
- Xuming Dai, Szymon Wiernek, Marschall S Runge, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - James P Evans
- Xuming Dai, Szymon Wiernek, Marschall S Runge, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Marschall S Runge
- Xuming Dai, Szymon Wiernek, Marschall S Runge, Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Thrombomodulin -33G/A and Ala455Val polymorphisms are associated with the risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis including 12 584 patients. Coron Artery Dis 2015; 26:72-7. [PMID: 25144670 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombomodulin (TM) -33G/A and Ala455Val polymorphisms have been indicated to be correlated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), but study results are still inclusive. Thus, a meta-analysis was carried out. MATERIALS AND METHODS Databases including PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and Web of Science (ISI) were searched. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Thirteen case-control studies on the relationship between TM -33G/A and Ala455Val polymorphisms and the risk of CAD were included in this meta-analysis. The association between the TM -33G/A polymorphism and the risk of CAD was significant (OR=1.65; 95% CI, 1.35-2.02; P<0.01; I(2)=15%). This result remained statistically significant when the adjusted ORs were combined (OR=1.50; 95% CI, 1.23-1.84; P<0.01; I(2)=0%). The association between the TM Ala455Val polymorphism and the risk of CAD was also significant (OR=1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.24; P<0.01; I(2)=0%). This result remained statistically significant when the adjusted ORs were combined (OR=1.57; 95% CI, 1.05-2.34; P=0.03; I(2)=32%). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that TM -33G/A and Ala455Val polymorphisms were risk factors for CAD.
Collapse
|
12
|
Mannhalter C. Biomarkers for arterial and venous thrombotic disorders. Hamostaseologie 2015; 34:115-20, 122-6, 128-30, passim. [PMID: 24819458 DOI: 10.5482/hamo-13-08-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The haemostatic system maintains the blood in a fluid state, but allows rapid clot formation at sites of vascular injury to prevent excessive bleeding. Unbalances within the haemostatic system can lead to thrombosis. Inspite of successful research our understanding of the disease pathogenesis is still incomplete. There is great hope that genetic, genomic, and epigenetic discoveries will enhance the diagnostic capability, and improve the treatment options. During the preceding 20 years, the identification of polymorphisms and the elucidation of their role in arterial and venous thromboses became an important area of research. Today, a large body of data is available regarding associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with plasma concentrations and e. g. the risk of ischaemic stroke or myocardial infarction. However, the results for individual polymorphisms and genes are often controversial. It is now well established that besides acquired also hereditary risk factors influence the occurrence of thrombotic events, and environmental factors may add to this risk. Currently available statistical methods are only able to identify combined risk genotypes if very large patient collectives (>10,000 cases) are tested, and appropriate algorithms to evaluate the data have yet to be developed. Further research is needed to understand the functional effects of genetic variants in genes of blood coagulation proteins that are critical to the pathogenesis of arterial and venous thrombotic disorders. In this review genetic variants in selected genes of the haemostatic system and their relevance for arterial and venous thrombosis will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Mannhalter
- Univ.-Prof. Dr. Christine Mannhalter Dept. Laboratory Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Tel. +43/1/404 00 20 85, Fax +43/1/404 00 20 97, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Wei C, Bu Y, Zheng S, Su D. Association between thrombomodulin polymorphisms and coronary artery disease risk: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:1407-12. [PMID: 25108690 PMCID: PMC4138070 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The associations between the thrombomodulin (TM) polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk remain controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of TM polymorphisms with CAD susceptibility using a meta-analysis approach. Material/Methods All eligible studies were identified through a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) before February 2014. The associations between the TM polymorphisms and CAD risk was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 14 case-control studies, including 5493 cases and 8297 controls, were eventually collected. There was a significant association between TM -33G/A polymorphism and CAD risk (OR=1.61; 95% CI, 1.35–1.92; I2=15%). The TM Ala455Val polymorphism was also associated with a significantly increased CAD risk (OR=1.14; 95% CI, 1.05–1.24; I2=0%). These results remained statistically significant when the adjusted ORs were combined. Conclusions Our results suggest that TM-33G/A and Ala455Val polymorphisms are risk factors for CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Emergency Center, Ji'nan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Emergence Center, Ji'nan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China (mainland)
| | - Feng Zhang
- Emergence Center, Ji'nan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China (mainland)
| | - Chuanxiang Wei
- Emergence Center, Ji'nan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Bu
- Emergence Center, Ji'nan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China (mainland)
| | - Siliang Zheng
- Emergence Center, Ji'nan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China (mainland)
| | - Dexing Su
- Emergence Center, Ji'nan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nguyen NT, Zhang X, Wu C, Lange RA, Chilton RJ, Lindsey ML, Jin YF. Integrative computational and experimental approaches to establish a post-myocardial infarction knowledge map. PLoS Comput Biol 2014; 10:e1003472. [PMID: 24651374 PMCID: PMC3961365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vast research efforts have been devoted to providing clinical diagnostic markers of myocardial infarction (MI), leading to over one million abstracts associated with “MI” and “Cardiovascular Diseases” in PubMed. Accumulation of the research results imposed a challenge to integrate and interpret these results. To address this problem and better understand how the left ventricle (LV) remodels post-MI at both the molecular and cellular levels, we propose here an integrative framework that couples computational methods and experimental data. We selected an initial set of MI-related proteins from published human studies and constructed an MI-specific protein-protein-interaction network (MIPIN). Structural and functional analysis of the MIPIN showed that the post-MI LV exhibited increased representation of proteins involved in transcriptional activity, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Known plasma or serum expression changes of the MIPIN proteins in patients with MI were acquired by data mining of the PubMed and UniProt knowledgebase, and served as a training set to predict unlabeled MIPIN protein changes post-MI. The predictions were validated with published results in PubMed, suggesting prognosticative capability of the MIPIN. Further, we established the first knowledge map related to the post-MI response, providing a major step towards enhancing our understanding of molecular interactions specific to MI and linking the molecular interaction, cellular responses, and biological processes to quantify LV remodeling. Heart attack, known medically as myocardial infarction, often occurs as a result of partial shortage of blood supply to a portion of the heart, leading to the death of heart muscle cells. Following myocardial infarction, complications might arise, including arrhythmia, myocardial rupture, left ventricular dysfunction, and heart failure. Although myocardial infarction can be quickly diagnosed using a various number of tests, including blood tests and electrocardiography, there have been no available prognostic tests to predict the long-term outcome in response to myocardial infarction. Here, we present a framework to analyze how the left ventricle responds to myocardial infarction by combining protein interactome and experimental results retrieved from published human studies. The framework organized current understanding of molecular interactions specific to myocardial infarction, cellular responses, and biological processes to quantify left ventricular remodeling process. Specifically, our knowledge map showed that transcriptional activity, inflammatory response, and extracellular matrix remodeling are the main functional themes post myocardial infarction. In addition, text analytics of relevant abstracts revealed differentiated protein expressions in plasma or serum expressions from patients with myocardial infarction. Using this data, we predicted expression levels of other proteins following myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen T. Nguyen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Cathy Wu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and Protein Information Resource, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Lange
- San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert J. Chilton
- San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Merry L. Lindsey
- San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
- Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Yu-Fang Jin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- San Antonio Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zeltz C, Orgel J, Gullberg D. Molecular composition and function of integrin-based collagen glues-introducing COLINBRIs. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1840:2533-48. [PMID: 24361615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite detailed knowledge about the structure and signaling properties of individual collagen receptors, much remains to be learned about how these receptors participate in linking cells to fibrillar collagen matrices in tissues. In addition to collagen-binding integrins, a group of proteins with affinity both for fibrillar collagens and integrins link these two protein families together. We have introduced the name COLINBRI (COLlagen INtegrin BRIdging) for this set of molecules. Whereas collagens are the major building blocks in tissues and defects in these structural proteins have severe consequences for tissue integrity, the mild phenotypes of the integrin type of collagen receptors have raised questions about their importance in tissue biology and pathology. SCOPE OF REVIEW We will discuss the two types of cell linkages to fibrillar collagen (direct- versus indirect COLINBRI-mediated) and discuss how the parallel existence of direct and indirect linkages to collagens may ensure tissue integrity. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The observed mild phenotypes of mice deficient in collagen-binding integrins and the relatively restricted availability of integrin-binding sequences in mature fibrillar collagen matrices support the existence of indirect collagen-binding mechanisms in parallel with direct collagen binding in vivo. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE A continued focus on understanding the molecular details of cell adhesion mechanisms to collagens will be important and will benefit our understanding of diseases like tissue- and tumor fibrosis where collagen dynamics are disturbed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Matrix-mediated cell behaviour and properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Zeltz
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Norwegian Centre of Excellence, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Joseph Orgel
- Departments of Biology, Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 S. Dearborn Ave, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Donald Gullberg
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Norwegian Centre of Excellence, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen F, Qiao Q, Xu P, Fan B, Chen Z. Effect of Factor XIII-A Val34Leu Polymorphism on Myocardial Infarction Risk. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2013; 20:783-92. [PMID: 24042156 DOI: 10.1177/1076029613504130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between factor XIII-A (FXIII-A) Val34Leu polymorphism and myocardial infarction (MI) risk remained controversial. We performed a meta-analysis. Online databases were searched. Twenty-eight studies were included. The FXIII-A Val34Leu polymorphism was significantly associated with MI risk (odds ratio (OR) = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.91; P < .0001). This result remained statistically significant when the adjusted ORs were combined (OR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.92; P = .004). When stratifying for race, this polymorphism showed decreased MI risk in Caucasians. In the subgroup analysis by age group, significant associations were observed in early-onset patients and in late-onset patients. In the subgroup analysis by gender, there was a significant association in women but not in men. In the subgroup analysis stratified by smoking status, MI risk was decreased in both smokers and nonsmokers. This study suggested that FXIIIA Val34Leu polymorphism was a protective factor for MI in caucasians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaoping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The endothelial protein C receptor (PROCR) Ser219Gly variant and risk of common thrombotic disorders: a HuGE review and meta-analysis of evidence from observational studies. Blood 2012; 119:2392-400. [PMID: 22251481 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-10-383448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) limits thrombus formation by enhancing activation of the protein C anticoagulant pathway, and therefore may play a role in the etiology of thrombotic disorders. The rs867186 single-nucleotide polymorphism in the PROCR gene (g.6936A > G, c.4600A > G), resulting in a serine-to-glycine substitution at codon 219, has been associated with reduced activation of the protein C pathway, although its association with thrombosis risk remains unclear. The present study is a highly comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis, including unpublished genome-wide association study results, conducted to evaluate the evidence for an association between rs867186 and 2 common thrombotic outcomes, venous thromboembolism (VTE) and myocardial infarction (MI), which are hypothesized to share some etiologic pathways. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and HuGE Navigator were searched through July 2011 to identify relevant epidemiologic studies, and data were summarized using random-effects meta-analysis. Twelve candidate genes and 13 genome-wide association studies were analyzed (11 VTE and 14 MI, including 37,415 cases and 84,406 noncases). Under the additive genetic model, the odds of VTE increased by a factor of 1.22 (95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.33, P < .001) for every additional copy of the G allele. No evidence for association with MI was observed.
Collapse
|