[Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the colon: about a case]

Primary Cecal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report of a Rare Tumor with Poor Prognosis

Squamous cell carcinoma of the colon is a rare tumor and primary cecal localization is unusual. This malignant condition is marked by a worst prognosis due to early local invasion. We report a case of a 46-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of peritonitis. CT scan showed a cecal tumor perforated in the retroperitoneal space. The patient underwent right hemicolectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy without intestinal anastomosis. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed by histopathological examination. Squamous cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis, hence, the interest of early diagnosis and management.

Primary colonic squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

Colonic squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare, with no clear pathogenesis. It usually presents as an emergency. We present the surgical management of a descending colon squamous cell carcinoma, together with a review of the available cases of colonic squamous cell carcinoma in the literature. A 69-year-old woman presented with a palpable mass and abdominal pain. She underwent ultrasound and colonoscopy, which revealed a large obstructing mass at the descending colon, the biopsies of which were not diagnostic. Unfortunately, she was readmitted with bowel obstruction and underwent extended right hemicolectomy with en-bloc excision of attached small bowel and omentum because of local mass expansion. Histopathological analysis demonstrated squamous cell carcinoma with lymph node metastases. Palliative chemotherapy followed, owing to liver and peritoneal deposits. Sixty-six cases of colonic squamous cell carcinoma have been reported in the literature. The most common location is the right colon. Most cases present at a late stage. Several theories for the pathogenesis of colonic squamous cell carcinoma have been reported; the most popular is the squamous transformation of a pluripotent stem cell.

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Descending Colon

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the colon is a rare malignancy. The most reported anatomic location is the rectosigmoid colon. In this paper, we report a case of a 74-year-old man with primary SCC of the descending colon treated by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. We diagnosed primary SCC of the descending colon because except in the colon, no malignant lesions were found by systemic CT. The role of chemoradiation regimen and duration remains unclear due to the rarity of this entity.

Mixed neuroendocrine and squamous cell carcinoma of the colon: A case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION

The occurrence of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (NEC) of the colon is <2% of all colon cancers. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is even more unusual and has an occurrence in the colon as low as 0.1% of colon cancers. Coupled together mixed NEC-SCC, is nearly unheard of. SCC of the gastrointestinal tract is usually found in the esophagus and rectum, rarely are there squamous cells even present in the colon.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

A 62-year-old female presented with abdominal pain and a palpable mass in the left lower quadrant. CT scan revealed a poly-lobulated mass in the left abdomen attached to the left colon. A left hemicolectomy was performed. There were no distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. Microscopic examination revealed NEC mixed with SCC demonstrated by keratin pearl formation.

DISCUSSION

NEC and SCC individually are unusual in the colon but together are extraordinarily rare. Histologically, the NEC in this case demonstrated squamous cell differentiation with keratin pearl formation. The median survival in studies of patients with colonic NEC is 5-10 months due to the aggressive behavior and lymph node metastases, which were present in this case. There is insufficient literature addressing ideal adjuvant therapy after resection of mixed NEC and SCC of the colon.

CONCLUSION

We present the first case of primary colon mixed NEC and SCC which presented as abdominal pain. There is a current absence of ideal therapy recommendations in the medical literature following resection of mixed NEC and SCC of the colon.