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Zheng J, Wu J, Xie L, Huang Y, Hong J, Chen C. Paclitaxel Aggravating Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Is Associated with the Down-Regulation of the Negative Regulatory Function of Spry2. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 389:197-207. [PMID: 37918858 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is capable of aggravating radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF), but the mechanism is unknown. Spry2 is a negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase-related Ras/Raf/extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. This experiment was aimed at exploring whether the aggravation of RIPF by PTX is related to Spry2. The RIPF model was established with C57BL/6 mice by thoracic irradiation, and PTX was administered concurrently. Western blot was used to detect the expression level of ERK signaling molecules and the distribution of Spry2 in the plasma membrane/cytoplasm. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and immunofluorescence were used to observe the colocalization of Spry2 with the plasma membrane and tubulin. The results showed that PTX-concurrent radiotherapy could aggravate fibrotic lesions in RIPF, downregulate the content of membrane Spry2, and upregulate the levels of p-c-Raf and p-ERK in lung tissue. It was found that knockdown of Spry2 in fibroblast abolished the upregulation of p-c-Raf and p-ERK by PTX. Both co-IP results and immunofluorescence staining showed that PTX increased the binding of Spry2 to tubulin, and microtubule depolymerizing agents could abolish PTX's inhibition of Spry2 membrane distribution and inhibit PTX's upregulation of Raf/ERK signaling. Both nintedanib and ERK inhibitor were effective in relieving PTX-exacerbated RIPF. Taken together, the mechanism of PTX's aggravating RIPF was related to its ability to enhance Spry2's binding to tubulin, thus attenuating Spry2's negative regulation on Raf/ERK pathway. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study revealed that paclitaxel (PTX) concurrent radiation therapy exacerbates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis during the treatment of thoracic tumors, which is associated with PTX restraining Spry2 and upregulating the Raf/extracellular signal regulated kinase signaling pathway, and provided drug targets for mitigating this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Zheng
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.Z.); Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.W., J.H.); School of Pharmacy (L.X., Y.H., C.C.) and Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology (C.C.), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; and Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian higher education institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.H.)
| | - Jiandong Wu
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.Z.); Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.W., J.H.); School of Pharmacy (L.X., Y.H., C.C.) and Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology (C.C.), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; and Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian higher education institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.H.)
| | - Lingfeng Xie
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.Z.); Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.W., J.H.); School of Pharmacy (L.X., Y.H., C.C.) and Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology (C.C.), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; and Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian higher education institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.H.)
| | - Yihao Huang
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.Z.); Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.W., J.H.); School of Pharmacy (L.X., Y.H., C.C.) and Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology (C.C.), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; and Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian higher education institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.H.)
| | - Jinsheng Hong
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.Z.); Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.W., J.H.); School of Pharmacy (L.X., Y.H., C.C.) and Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology (C.C.), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; and Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian higher education institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.H.)
| | - Chun Chen
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China (J.Z.); Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.W., J.H.); School of Pharmacy (L.X., Y.H., C.C.) and Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology (C.C.), Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; and Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian higher education institutions, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (J.H.)
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Maurina M, Chiarito M, Leone PP, Testa L, Montorfano M, Reimers B, Esposito G, Monti F, Ferrario M, Latib A, Colombo A. Randomized clinical trial of abluminus DES+ sirolimus-eluting stent versus everolimus-eluting DES for percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with diabetes mellitus: An optical coherence tomography study. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2023; 102:1020-1033. [PMID: 37855169 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.30853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic patients are at higher risk of recurrent adverse events following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than the nondiabetics. Despite the introduction of new generation drug-eluting stents, their efficacy in the diabetics is still limited. AIMS To evaluate the efficacy of the Abluminus DES+ biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent in reducing neointimal hyperplasia in diabetic patients, compared to a durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent (DP-EES). METHODS A total of 131 patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease were enrolled in six Italian centers and randomized in a 2:1 fashion to PCI with Abluminus DES+ or DP-EES: 85 were assigned to Abluminus DES+ and 46 to DP-EES. The primary endpoint was optimal coherence tomography (OCT)-derived neointimal volume at 9-12 months. Secondary endpoints included OCT-derived neointimal area, neointimal volume obstruction and adverse clinical events. RESULTS The primary endpoint, neointimal volume, did not differ between Abluminus DES+ and DP-EES (29.11 ± 18.90 mm3 vs. 25.48 ± 17.04 mm3 , p = 0.40) at 9-12-month follow-up. This finding remained consistent after weighing for the sum of stents lengths (1.14 ± 0.68 mm3 vs. 0.99 ± 0.74 mm3 for Abluminus DES+ and DP-EES, respectively, p = 0.38). Similarly, other OCT-derived and clinical secondary endpoints did not significantly differ between the two groups. Rate of target lesion failure was high in both groups (21.2% for Abluminus DES+ and 19.6% for DP-EES). CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study failed to demonstrate the superiority of the Abluminus DES+ over the DP-EES in diabetic patients in terms of neointimal proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Maurina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Mauro Chiarito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Pier Pasquale Leone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Luca Testa
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Montorfano
- Interventional Cardiology Unit IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Bernhard Reimers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Monti
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale San Pietro Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ferrario
- Division of Cardiology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Azeem Latib
- Montefiore-Einstein Center for Heart and Vascular Care, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, Bronx, USA
| | - Antonio Colombo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Cardio Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
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Déglise S, Bechelli C, Allagnat F. Vascular smooth muscle cells in intimal hyperplasia, an update. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1081881. [PMID: 36685215 PMCID: PMC9845604 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1081881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial occlusive disease is the leading cause of death in Western countries. Core contemporary therapies for this disease include angioplasties, stents, endarterectomies and bypass surgery. However, these treatments suffer from high failure rates due to re-occlusive vascular wall adaptations and restenosis. Restenosis following vascular surgery is largely due to intimal hyperplasia. Intimal hyperplasia develops in response to vessel injury, leading to inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cells dedifferentiation, migration, proliferation and secretion of extra-cellular matrix into the vessel's innermost layer or intima. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge on the origin and mechanisms underlying the dysregulated proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in intimal hyperplasia, and we present the new avenues of research targeting VSMC phenotype and proliferation.
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Daoud FC, Létinier L, Moore N, Coste P, Karjalainen PP. Efficacy and Safety of TiNO-Coated Stents versus Drug-Eluting Stents in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3159. [PMID: 36551915 PMCID: PMC9775300 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Practice guidelines define drug-eluting stents (DES) as the standard of care in coronary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), including in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This is based on comparisons with bare-metal stents (BMS). However, non-drug-eluting titanium-nitride-oxide-coated stents (TiNOS) have not been taken into account. The objective of this study is to determine whether TiNOS can be used as an alternative to DES in ACS. (2) Methods: A prospective systematic literature review (SLR), conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines, was performed, wherein multiple literature databases from 2018 and 2022 were searched. Prospective, randomised, controlled trials comparing outcomes after PCI with TiNOS vs. DES in any coronary artery disease (CAD) were searched. Clinical outcomes were meta-analytic pooled risk ratios (RR) of device-oriented Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) and their components. The analysis stratified outcomes reported with ACS-only vs. ACS jointly with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). (3) Results: Five RCTs were eligible, comprising 1855 patients with TiNOS vs. 1363 with DES at a 1-year follow-up. Three enrolled patients presented with ACS only and two with ACS or CCS. The latter accounted for most of the patients. The one-year pooled RRs in those three RCTs were as follows: MACE 0.93 [0.72, 1.20], recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) 0.48 [0.31, 0.73], cardiac death (CD) 0.66 [0.33, 1.31], clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) 1.55 [1.10, 2.19], and stent thrombosis (ST) 0.35 [0.20, 0.64]. Those results were robust to a sensitivity analysis. The evidence certainty was high in MACE and moderate or low in the other endpoints. (4) Conclusions: TiNOS are a non-inferior and safe alternative to DES in patients with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louis Létinier
- INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicholas Moore
- INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux University, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Coste
- Coronary Care Unit, Cardiologic Hospital, Bordeaux University, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pasi P. Karjalainen
- Cardiac Unit, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University, 00280 Helsinki, Finland
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Zhu Q, Ye P, Wang J, Chang Z. Inhibition of edge stenosis of endografts in swine iliac arteries by a novel endograft with biodegradable coating at both ends. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:207-218. [PMID: 34761240 PMCID: PMC8567203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of a novel endograft with a biodegradable coating at both ends in preventing edge stenosis in swine iliac arteries. The biodegradable coating was composed of polylactide and paclitaxel. Methods Four types of endograft were implanted in the iliac arteries of healthy swine: an endograft without coating (control group) and endografts with polylactide and paclitaxel coating containing 0.1, 0.3, or 3.6 μg/mm2 of paclitaxel. The edge stenosis of these endografts in swine iliac arteries was assessed using angiographic image data at 30, 90, and 180 days after the operation. After terminal angiography, histologic evaluation of the treated arteries was performed. The treated sections of iliac arteries and blood samples were obtained at 1, 7, 30, 90, and 180 days for pharmacokinetic analysis. Results The results of angiographic and histologic evaluation demonstrated that intimal hyperplasia contributed to edge stenosis and polylactide-paclitaxel coating effectively inhibited edge stenosis. At 30 days, edge stenosis was observed at both the proximal and distal edges of the endograft without coating. At 90 days, edge stenosis was detected for the endograft coated with 0.1 μg/mm2 paclitaxel, and ectasia dilation occurred at the proximal and distal edges of the endograft coated with 3.6 μg/mm2 paclitaxel. No edge stenosis or other adverse effects were observed at 90 and 180 days for the endograft coated with 0.3 μg/mm2 paclitaxel. In addition, for the endograft coated with 0.3 μg/mm2 paclitaxel, a pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the paclitaxel concentration of treated segments decreased from 14 264 ± 1020 ng/g at day 1 to 80 ± 70 ng/g at day 90, and 20 ± 40 ng/g at day 180. The plasma paclitaxel concentration was low at day 1 and no longer detected after 7 days. Conclusions Polylactide and paclitaxel coating containing 0.3 μg/mm2 paclitaxel at both ends of endografts effectively and safely inhibits edge stenosis in swine iliac arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai MicroPort Endovascular MedTech (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ping Ye
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jinyao Wang
- Shanghai MicroPort Endovascular MedTech (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhaohua Chang
- Shanghai Institute for Minimally Invasive Therapy, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai MicroPort Endovascular MedTech (Group) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, PR China
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Chakraborty R, Chatterjee P, Dave JM, Ostriker AC, Greif DM, Rzucidlo EM, Martin KA. Targeting smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching in vascular disease. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:79-94. [PMID: 34617061 PMCID: PMC8489222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The phenotypic plasticity of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is central to vessel growth and remodeling, but also contributes to cardiovascular pathologies. New technologies including fate mapping, single cell transcriptomics, and genetic and pharmacologic inhibitors have provided fundamental new insights into the biology of VSMC. The goal of this review is to summarize the mechanisms underlying VSMC phenotypic modulation and how these might be targeted for therapeutic benefit. Methods We summarize findings from extensive literature searches to highlight recent discoveries in the mechanisms underlying VSMC phenotypic switching with particular relevance to intimal hyperplasia. PubMed was searched for publications between January 2001 and December 2020. Search terms included VSMCs, restenosis, intimal hyperplasia, phenotypic switching or modulation, and drug-eluting stents. We sought to highlight druggable pathways as well as recent landmark studies in phenotypic modulation. Results Lineage tracing methods have determined that a small number of mature VSMCs dedifferentiate to give rise to oligoclonal lesions in intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis and aneurysm, single cell transcriptomics reveal a striking diversity of phenotypes that can arise from these VSMCs. Mechanistic studies continue to identify new pathways that influence VSMC phenotypic plasticity. We review the mechanisms by which the current drug-eluting stent agents prevent restenosis and note remaining challenges in peripheral and diabetic revascularization for which new approaches would be beneficial. We summarize findings on new epigenetic (DNA methylation/TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 2, histone deacetylation, bromodomain proteins), transcriptional (Hippo/Yes-associated protein, peroxisome proliferator-activity receptor-gamma, Notch), and β3-integrin-mediated mechanisms that influence VSMC phenotypic modulation. Pharmacologic and genetic targeting of these pathways with agents including ascorbic acid, histone deacetylase or bromodomain inhibitors, thiazolidinediones, and integrin inhibitors suggests potential therapeutic value in the setting of intimal hyperplasia. Conclusions Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the remarkable plasticity of VSMCs may lead to novel approaches to treat and prevent cardiovascular disease and restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chakraborty
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Payel Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Jui M Dave
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Allison C Ostriker
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Daniel M Greif
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Eva M Rzucidlo
- Department Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, McLeod Regional Medical Center, Florence, SC
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
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Stevens JR, Zamani A, Osborne JIA, Zamani R, Akrami M. Critical evaluation of stents in coronary angioplasty: a systematic review. Biomed Eng Online 2021; 20:46. [PMID: 33964954 PMCID: PMC8105986 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-021-00883-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary stents are routinely placed in the treatment and prophylaxis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Current coronary stent designs are prone to developing blockages: in-stent thrombosis (IST) and in-stent re-stenosis (ISR). This is a systematic review of the design of current coronary stent models, their structural properties and their modes of application, with a focus on their associated risks of IST and ISR. The primary aim of this review is to identify the best stent design features for reducing the risk of IST and ISR. To review the three major types of stents used in clinical settings today, determining best and relevant clinical practice by exploring which types and features of offer improved patient outcomes regarding coronary angioplasty. This information can potentially be used to increase the success rate of coronary angioplasty and stent technology in the future taking into account costs and benefits. METHODS Scientific databases were searched to find studies concerning stents. After the exclusion criteria were applied, 19 of the 3192 searched literature were included in this review. Studies investigating three major types of stent design were found: bare-metal stents (BMS), drug-eluting stents (DES) and bioresorbable stents (BRS). The number of participants varied between 14 and 1264. On average 77.4% were male, with a mean age of 64 years. RESULTS From the findings of these studies, it is clear that DES are superior in reducing the risk of ISR when compared to BMS. Conflicting results do not clarify whether BRS are superior to DES at reducing IST occurrence, although studies into newer BRS technologies show reducing events of IST to 0, creating a promising future for BRS showing them to be non-inferior. Thinner stents were shown to reduce IST rates, due to better re-endothelialisation. Scaffold material has also been shown to play a role with cobalt alloy stents reducing the risk of IST. This study found that thinner stents that release drugs were better at preventing re-blockages. Some dissolvable stents might be better at stopping blood clots blocking the arteries when compared to metal stents. The method and procedure of implanting the stent during coronary angioplasty influences success rate of these stents, meaning stent design is not the only significant factor to consider. CONCLUSIONS Positive developments in coronary angioplasty could be made by designing new stents that encompass all the most desirable properties of existing stent technology. Further work is needed to investigate the benefits of BRS in reducing the risk of IST compared to DES, as well as to investigate the effects of different scaffold materials on IST and ISR outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ava Zamani
- Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | | | - Reza Zamani
- Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, Exeter, UK
| | - Mohammad Akrami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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Kakizaki R, Minami Y, Katamine M, Katsura A, Muramatsu Y, Hashimoto T, Meguro K, Shimohama T, Ako J. Clinical outcome of biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent and durable polymer everolimus-eluting stent in patients with diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:162. [PMID: 33004019 PMCID: PMC7531093 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a risk for increased incidence of adverse clinical events after percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the difference in the incidence of adverse clinical events according to stent type in patients with diabetes remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between patients treated with the biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stents (BP-SES) and the durable polymer everolimus-eluting stents (DP-EES) among patients with diabetes. Methods Among 631 lesions in 510 consecutive patients treated with either BP-SES or DP-EES, 165 lesions in 141 patients with diabetes mellitus and stable angina pectoris were identified and classified into the BP-SES group (48 lesions in 44 patients) and the DP-EES group (117 lesions in 100 patients). The incidence of adverse clinical events after stent implantation was compared between the 2 groups. Results There was no significant difference in the prevalence of conventional risk factors, lesion characteristics, and procedural characteristics between the 2 groups. During median 386 [334–472] days follow-up, the incidence of target lesion revascularization (11.4 vs. 2.0%, p = 0.003) and device-oriented clinical endpoint (13.6 vs. 6.0%, p = 0.035) in the BP-SES group was significantly greater than that in the DP-EES group. A univariate model demonstrated that the BP-SES usage was significantly associated with the higher incidence of target lesion revascularization (odds ratio, 6.686; 95% confidence interval, 1.234–36.217; p = 0.028). Conclusion BP-SES was associated with the greater incidence of TLR than the DP-EES in patients with diabetes mellitus. Further studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up are required to confirm the present results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kakizaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Minami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Katamine
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Aritomo Katsura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Yusuke Muramatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takuya Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kentaro Meguro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takao Shimohama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
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Masaki N, Adachi O, Katahira S, Saiki Y, Horii A, Kawamoto S, Saiki Y. Progression of vascular remodeling in pulmonary vein obstruction. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 160:777-790.e5. [PMID: 32222412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pulmonary vein obstruction (PVO) frequently occurs after repair of total anomalous pulmonary vein connection with progression of intimal hyperplasia from the anastomotic site toward upstream pulmonary veins (PVs). However, the understanding of mechanism in PVO progression is constrained by lack of data derived from a physiological model of the disease, and no prophylaxis has been established. We developed a new PVO animal model, investigated the mechanisms of PVO progression, and examined a new prophylactic strategy. METHODS We developed a chronic PVO model using infant domestic pigs by cutting and resuturing the left lower PV followed by weekly hemodynamic parameter measurement and angiographic assessment of the anastomosed PV. Subsequently, we tested a novel therapeutic strategy with external application of rapamycin-eluting film to the anastomotic site. RESULTS We found the pig PVO model mimicked human PVO hemodynamically and histopathologically. This model exhibited increased expression levels of Ki-67 and phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin in smooth muscle-like cells at the anastomotic neointima. In addition, contractile to synthetic phenotypic transition; that is, dedifferentiation of smooth muscle cells and mammalian target of rapamycin pathway activation in the neointima of upstream PVs were observed. Rapamycin-eluting films externally applied around the anastomotic site inhibited the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin in the smooth muscle-like cells of neointima, and delayed PV anastomotic stenosis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the evidence on dedifferentiation of smooth muscle-like cells and mammalian target of rapamycin pathway activation in the pathogenesis of PVO progression. Delivery of rapamycin to the anastomotic site from the external side delayed PV anastomotic stenosis, implicating a new therapeutic strategy to prevent PVO progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Masaki
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Osamu Adachi
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shintaro Katahira
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuriko Saiki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akira Horii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kawamoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Saiki
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
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10
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Meliga E, Lupi A, Latib A, Gagnor A, Boccuzzi G, Alcantara M, Lombardi P, Sticchi A, Aranzulla TC, Scrocca I, Varbella F, De Benedictis M, Colombo A, Conte MR. Biolimus-Eluting StenT For de-novo coRonary artery dIsease in patiENts with Diabetes mellituS: the BESTFRIENDS multicentre registry. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2017; 17:729-35. [PMID: 26599681 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Coronary inflammation and healing influence outcomes of diabetic patients treated with Percutaneous coronary revascularization (PCI). Stents covered with biodegradable polymers (bp) may offer advantages over nonerodible polymer ones, because polymer reabsorption extinguish coronary inflammation and favours healing. Aim of our study was to assess the safety and efficacy of bp-biolimus-eluting stent (bp-BES) in a large series of consecutive diabetic patients. METHODS From 2009 to 2013 we retrospectively enrolled consecutive diabetic patients treated with PCI and bp-BES implantation. Primary end points were target lesion revascularization (TLR) and stent thrombosis rates. RESULTS Study cohort counted 747 patients. Multivessel disease was present in 48.2% with a mean stent/patient ratio of 1.860.78. During the hospital stay no stent thrombosis occurred. At 3-year follow-up we observed a 1.5% cumulative incidence of cardiac death, 1.1% of myocardial infarction and 6.3% of TLR. Stent thrombosis occurred in 1.1% of patients, all in the first 2 years of follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a TLR-free survival at 1 and 3 years of 97.2 and 96.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION PCI with bp-BES seems to be well tolerated and effective in a large unselected population of diabetic patients. The good results observed were maintained at 3 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Meliga
- aMauriziano: Meliga, Aranzulla, Scrocca, De Benedictis, Conte bMaggiore: Lupi cSan Raffaele: Latib, Sticchi, Colombo dDegli Infermi: Gagnor, Varbella eSG Bosco: Boccuzzi fCentro Medico: Alcantara gCardinal Massaia: Lombardi
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11
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Procaccia S, Ordan M, Cohen I, Bendetz-Nezer S, Seger R. Direct binding of MEK1 and MEK2 to AKT induces Foxo1 phosphorylation, cellular migration and metastasis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43078. [PMID: 28225038 PMCID: PMC5320536 DOI: 10.1038/srep43078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between the ERK cascade and other signaling pathways is one of the means by which it acquires its signaling specificity. Here we identified a direct interaction of both MEK1 and MEK2 with AKT. The interaction is mediated by the proline rich domain of MEK1/2 and regulated by phosphorylation of Ser298 in MEK1, or Ser306 in MEK2, which we identified here as a novel regulatory site. We further developed a blocking peptide, which inhibits the interaction between MEK and AKT, and when applied to cells, affects migration and adhesion, but not proliferation. The specific mechanism of action of the MEK-AKT complex involves phosphorylation of the migration-related transcription factor FoxO1. Importantly, prevention of the interaction results in a decreased metastasis formation in a breast cancer mouse model. Thus, the identified interaction both sheds light on how signaling specificity is determined, and represents a possible new therapeutic target for metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Procaccia
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Merav Ordan
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Izel Cohen
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sarit Bendetz-Nezer
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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12
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Golukhova EZ, Kuznetsova EV. Myocardial revascularization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An overview of modern techniques. DIABETES MELLITUS 2016. [DOI: 10.14341/dm8031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
For patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), in combination with diabetes mellitus, diffuse multivessel coronary artery lesions are common. Such patients are prone to a more rapid progression of atherosclerosis, significantly increasing the need for myocardial revascularization. The choice of an optimal approach determines the prognosis and course of CAD. The results of randomized trials show that the use of percutaneous coronary interventions with drug-eluting stents is appropriate for patients with one or two coronary artery lesions, but that coronary artery bypass graft surgery is preferred in cases of multivessel disease and significantly reduces the risk of long-term adverse events. It should also be noted that the use of modern generations of stents allows the achievement of comparable results in terms of long-term mortality, which was most convincingly demonstrated in patients with one or two vascular lesions.
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13
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Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Two Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons with Different Drug Load in a Short-Term Porcine Study. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2016; 39:1152-8. [PMID: 27094691 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-016-1346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tissue absorption of 2 paclitaxel (PTX) drug-coated balloons (DCB) using different drug loads in a porcine-injured iliac artery model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight pigs were randomized into 2 groups. In group B1, angioplasty was performed with a 1.0 µg/mm(2) DCB with PTX and in group B3, with a 3.0 µg/mm(2) DCB with PTX. An overstretched model of the iliac artery was used for angioplasty under fluoroscopy. Blood and vessel wall PTX were measured with liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry at 1, 5, 30 min, 1, 7, and 28 days. Remaining drug in the balloon was analyzed. RESULTS Mean PTX in blood was significantly higher in the group B3 0.269 ± 0.085 µg/ml compared with the B1 0.218 ± 0.085 µg/ml; p = 0.01. Peak blood PTX concentration was detected at 1 min, and PTX was undetectable 24 h post-angioplasty. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean arterial wall concentration from the treated iliac artery between group-B1 (15.24 ± 21.29 ng/mg) and B3 (15.68 ± 16.33 ng/mg), or in the PTX wall concentration measured at different time points. Mean remaining drug in assayed balloons was lower for group-B1 and represented 8 % of the initial dose. CONCLUSIONS Blood PTX was higher when using 3.0 µg/mm(2) DCB, with a peak drug concentration at 1-min, although the drug was undetectable at 24 h, independently of the loading dose. This study demonstrates no difference in arterial wall uptake of a low dose DCB (1.0 µg/mm(2)), when compared to a common dose DCB (3.0 µg/mm(2)) suggesting that the dose of drug in the DCB could be reduced obtaining a similar clinical effect.
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Aoki J, Kozuma K, Awata M, Nanasato M, Shiode N, Tanabe K, Yamaguchi J, Kusano H, Nie H, Kimura T. Three-Year Clinical Outcomes of Everolimus-Eluting Stents From the Post-Marketing Surveillance Study of Cobalt-Chromium Everolimus-Eluting Stent (XIENCE V/PROMUS) in Japan. Circ J 2016; 80:906-12. [PMID: 26821583 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-15-1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Cobalt-Chromium Everolimus-Eluting Stent (CoCr-EES) Post-marketing Surveillance (PMS) is a prospective multicenter registry designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of XIENCE V/PROMUS everolimus-eluting stents in routine clinical practice at 47 centers representative of the clinical environment in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 2,010 consecutive patients (2,649 lesions) who underwent PCI using CoCr-EES. Clinical outcomes were evaluated for up to 3 years. Clinical follow-up was available in 1,930 patients (96%) at 3 years. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred in 6.8% of patients, including cardiac death (1.7%), myocardial infarction (1.5%), and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR, 4.2%). Late CD-TLR rate was 0.8% from 1 to 2 years, and 0.5% from 2 to 3 years. Definite or probable stent thrombosis occurred in 7 patients (0.3%) up to 1 year. There was no very late definite or probable stent thrombosis from 1 to 3 years. Significant independent predictors for MACE were hemodialysis, prior coronary intervention, triple-vessel coronary artery disease, and age >70 years. CONCLUSIONS Three-year clinical outcomes from the CoCr-EES PMS demonstrated a low incidence of clinical events. There was no major concern about very late stent thrombosis or late catch-up phenomenon in patients treated with EES in routine clinical practice in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Aoki
- Division of Cardiology, Mitsui Memorial Hospital
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15
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Three-year efficacy and safety of new- versus early-generation drug-eluting stents for unprotected left main coronary artery disease insights from the ISAR-LEFT MAIN and ISAR-LEFT MAIN 2 trials. Clin Res Cardiol 2015; 105:575-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-015-0953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Grotti S, Liistro F, Angioli P, Ducci K, Falsini G, Porto I, Ricci L, Ventoruzzo G, Turini F, Bellandi G, Bolognese L. Paclitaxel-Eluting Balloon vs Standard Angioplasty to Reduce Restenosis in Diabetic Patients With In-Stent Restenosis of the Superficial Femoral and Proximal Popliteal Arteries: Three-Year Results of the DEBATE-ISR Study. J Endovasc Ther 2015; 23:52-7. [PMID: 26511896 DOI: 10.1177/1526602815614555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the 3-year safety and effectiveness outcomes from the prospective all-comers DEBATE-ISR study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01558531) of symptomatic diabetic patients with femoropopliteal in-stent restenosis (ISR) undergoing treatment with paclitaxel-eluting balloons compared with historical diabetic controls. METHODS From January 2010 to December 2011, 44 consecutive diabetic patients (mean age 74±11 years; 32 men) were treated with drug-eluting balloons (DEBs) and enrolled in the study. The control group comprised 42 consecutive diabetic patients (age 76±7 years; 23 men) treated with conventional balloon angioplasty (BA) from 2008 to 2009. RESULTS No significant differences in terms of clinical, angiographic, or procedural characteristics were observed between the study groups. Critical limb ischemia was present in the majority of patients. Tosaka class III ISR was observed in more than half of the patients. Mean lesion length was 132±86 and 137±82 mm in the DEB and BA groups, respectively (p=0.7). At 3-year follow-up, the rate of target lesion revascularization (TLR) was 40% in the DEB group vs 43% in the BA group (p=0.8); Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant differences in terms of freedom from TLR. The presence of a Tosaka class III occlusion was associated with a worse outcome in both study groups (odds ratio 3.96, 95% confidence interval 1.55 to 10.1, p=0.004). CONCLUSION Using DEBs for femoropopliteal ISR yielded similar results to BA in terms of TLR at 3-year follow-up. The treatment of more complex ISR lesions was associated with an increased rate of TLR, irrespective of the technology used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Grotti
- Cardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Angioli
- Cardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Kenneth Ducci
- Cardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | | | - Italo Porto
- Cardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Ricci
- Diabetes Unit, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Turini
- Cardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Guido Bellandi
- Cardiovascular Department, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
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Nakano Y, Ishikawa T, Mutoh M. Long-term angiographic outcomes of sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stent placement in diabetes, long lesions, and small vessels. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2015; 30:327-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s12928-015-0321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Romaguera R, Brugaletta S, Gomez-Lara J, Pinar E, Jiménez-Quevedo P, Gracida M, Roura G, Ferreiro J, Teruel L, Gómez-Hospital J, Montanya E, Alfonso F, Valgimigli M, Sabate M, Cequier A. Rationale and study design of the RESERVOIR trial: A randomized trial comparing reservoir-based polymer-free amphilimus-eluting stents versus everolimus-eluting stents with durable polymer in patients with diabetes mellitus. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2014; 85:E116-22. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.25728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Romaguera
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - S. Brugaletta
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Institute; Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Gomez-Lara
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - E. Pinar
- Department of Cardiology; Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca; Murcia Spain
| | - P. Jiménez-Quevedo
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute; Hospital Clínico San Carlos; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Gracida
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - G. Roura
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - J.L. Ferreiro
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - L. Teruel
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - J.A. Gómez-Hospital
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - E. Montanya
- Endocrine Unit, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, CIBERDEM, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - F. Alfonso
- Department of Cardiology; Hospital la Princesa; Madrid Spain
| | - M. Valgimigli
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC; Thoraxcenter; Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - M. Sabate
- Department of Cardiology, Thorax Institute; Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - A. Cequier
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Diseases Institute, Hospital de Bellvitge; IDIBELL, University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
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Drug-eluting stents for drug-eluting stent restenosis: stick with the old or switch to a new one? Coron Artery Dis 2014; 25:633-5. [PMID: 25365642 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Mountfort K, Carrié D, Valgimigli M, Sardella G, Banai S, Romaguera R, Stella P. Meeting the Unmet - The Cre8 Polymer-free Drug-eluting Stents Technology: Proceedings of a satellite symposium held at EuroPCR on May 20th - 23rd 2014 in Paris. Interv Cardiol 2014; 9:184-189. [PMID: 29588800 DOI: 10.15420/icr.2014.9.3.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of first-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) has been associated with safety concerns such as very late stent thrombosis. Today, with the release of newer DES, there is a need for comparative studies of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to demonstrate their value in patients with high risk of restenosis such as diabetic patients. In a satellite symposium presented at EuroPCR 2014, the Cre8™ DES was discussed. The Cre8 device has a number of unique clinical features, including polymer-free technology, abluminal reservoir technology and bio-inducer surface that ensure effective neointima suppression and rapid endothelialisation. The efficacy of the Cre8 DES has been demonstrated in the International randomised comparison between DES Limus Carbostent and Taxus drug-eluting stents in the treatment of de novo coronary lesions (NEXT) randomised clinical study, with equivalent efficacy in the diabetic and general populations, a unique finding. Ongoing clinical studies such as Investig8 and the Tel Aviv Medical Center (TLVMC) Cre8 study have confirmed the efficacy of the device in patient populations with a high proportion of diabetic patients. The Demonstr8 randomised trial has shown almost complete Cre8 strut coverage at three months with a numerical advantage versus bare metal stent (bare metal stents [BMS] - comparator device) at one month. In addition, use of the Cre8 DES may enable a shorter duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following PCI. The Cre8 DES therefore represents a significant advance in stent technology and may be particularly useful in challenging clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Mountfort
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rangueil, Toulouse, France.,The University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Policlinico "Umberto I," "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy.,Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Didier Carrié
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Romaguera
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Outcomes of the largest multi-center trial stratified by the presence of diabetes mellitus comparing sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) and paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) in patients with coronary artery disease. The Japan drug-eluting stents evaluation: a randomized trial (J-DESsERT). Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2014; 30:103-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s12928-014-0279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Habib A, Karmali V, John MC, Polavarapu R, Nakazawa G, Pachura K, Davis T, Kolodgie FD, Virmani R, Finn AV. Everolimus-eluting stents improve vascular response in a diabetic animal model. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2014; 7:526-32. [PMID: 24915972 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.113.001023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical evaluation of the vascular response of drug-eluting stents is limited especially in the setting of diabetes mellitus preventing the evaluation of changes in drug-eluting stent design and eluted drugs after clinical use. METHODS AND RESULTS Cultured human aortic endothelial cells were used to assess the differences between sirolimus and its analog, everolimus, in the setting of hyperglycemia on various cellular functions necessary for endothelial recovery. A diabetic rabbit model of iliac artery stenting was used to compare histological and morphometric characteristics of the vascular response to everolimus-eluting, sirolimus-eluting, and bare metal stent placement. Under hyperglycemic conditions, sirolimus impaired human aortic endothelial cell barrier function, migration, and proliferation to a greater degree compared with everolimus. In our in vivo model of diabetes mellitus, endothelialization at 28 days was significantly lower and endothelial integrity was impaired in sirolimus-eluting stent compared with both everolimus-eluting and bare metal stents. Neointimal area, uncovered struts, and fibrin deposition were significantly higher in sirolimus-eluting compared with everolimus-eluting and bare metal stents. CONCLUSIONS Use of everolimus-eluting stent results in improved vascular response in our preclinical models of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwer Habib
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Vinit Karmali
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Michael C John
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Rohini Polavarapu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Gaku Nakazawa
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Kim Pachura
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Talina Davis
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Frank D Kolodgie
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
| | - Renu Virmani
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.).
| | - Aloke V Finn
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (A.H., V.K., M.C.J., R.P., K.P., T.D., A.V.F.); and CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (G.N., F.D.K., R.V.)
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Kang SH, Park KH, Ahn HS, Park KW, Hong YJ, Koo BK, Jeong MH, Kim HS. Everolimus-eluting versus sirolimus-eluting coronary stents in patients with and without diabetes mellitus. EUROINTERVENTION 2014; 10:74-82. [DOI: 10.4244/eijv10i1a13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Sirolimus-eluting versus paclitaxel-eluting stents in diabetic and non-diabetic patients within sirolimus-eluting stent restenosis: Results from the ISAR-DESIRE 2 trial. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2014; 15:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Cai X. Regulation of smooth muscle cells in development and vascular disease: current therapeutic strategies. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2014; 4:789-800. [PMID: 17173496 DOI: 10.1586/14779072.4.6.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) exhibit extensive phenotypic diversity and rapid growth during embryonic development, but maintain a quiescent, differentiated state in adult. The pathogenesis of vascular proliferative diseases involves the proliferation and migration of medial vascular SMCs into the vessel intima, possibly reinstating their embryonic gene expression programs. Multiple mitogenic stimuli induce vascular SMC proliferation through cell cycle progression. Therapeutic strategies targeting cell cycle progression and mitogenic stimuli have been developed and evaluated in animal models of atherosclerosis and vascular injury, and several clinical studies. Recent discoveries on the recruitment of vascular progenitor cells to the sites of vascular injury suggest new therapeutic potentials of progenitor cell-based therapies to accelerate re-endothelialization and prevent engraftment of SMC-lineage progenitor cells. Owing to the complex and multifactorial nature of SMC regulation, combinatorial antiproliferative approaches are likely to be used in the future in order to achieve maximal efficacy and reduce toxicity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation
- Cellular Senescence
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Disease Progression
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Therapy
- Humans
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/embryology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Phenotype
- Stents
- Vascular Diseases/drug therapy
- Vascular Diseases/genetics
- Vascular Diseases/metabolism
- Vascular Diseases/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjiang Cai
- Duke University Medical Center, Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) & Cell Biology, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehrin J Armstrong
- University of California, Davis Medical Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sacramento
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Clinical impact of second-generation everolimus-eluting stent compared with first-generation drug-eluting stents in diabetes mellitus patients: insights from a nationwide coronary intervention register. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 5:1141-9. [PMID: 23174638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to study the second-generation everolimus-eluting stent (EES) as compared with first-generation sirolimus-eluting (SES) and paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. BACKGROUND There are limited data available comparing clinical outcomes in this setting with EES and SES, whereas studies comparing EES with PES are not powered for low-frequency endpoints. METHODS All DM patients treated with EES, PES, or SES from January 18, 2007, to July 29, 2011, from the SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registery) were included. The EES was compared with SES or PES for the primary composite endpoint of clinically driven detected restenosis, definite stent thrombosis (ST), and all-cause mortality. RESULTS In 4,751 percutaneous coronary intervention-treated DM patients, 8,134 stents were implanted (EES = 3,928, PES = 2,836, SES = 1,370). The EES was associated with significantly lower event rates compared with SES (SES vs. EES hazard ratio [HR]: 1.99; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19 to 3.08). The same was observed when compared with PES (PES vs. EES HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.91) but did not reach statistical significance. These results were mainly driven by lower incidence of ST (SES vs. EES HR: 2.87; 95% CI: 1.08 to 7.61; PES vs. EES HR: 1.74, 95% CI: 0.82 to 3.71) and mortality (SES vs. EES HR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.03 to 3.98; PES vs. EES HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.72). No significant differences in restenosis rates were observed between EES and SES or PES (SES vs. EES HR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.77 to 2.08; PES vs. EES HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.71 to 1.55). CONCLUSIONS In all-comer DM patients the use of EES was associated with improved outcomes compared with SES and PES mainly driven by lower rates of ST and mortality. These results suggest better safety rather than efficacy with EES when compared with SES or PES.
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Kufner S, Byrne RA, Mehilli J, Massberg S, Birkmeier KA, Schulz S, Pache J, Schömig A, Kastrati A. Second-versus first-generation “Limus”-eluting stents in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease: A randomized comparison in setting of ISAR-TEST-4 trial. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 82:E769-76. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.24741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert A. Byrne
- Deutsches Herzzentrum; Technische Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Julinda Mehilli
- Deutsches Herzzentrum; Technische Universität; Munich Germany
| | | | | | - Stefanie Schulz
- Deutsches Herzzentrum; Technische Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Jürgen Pache
- Deutsches Herzzentrum; Technische Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Albert Schömig
- 1. Medizinische Klinik; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Deutsches Herzzentrum; Technische Universität; Munich Germany
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Silber S, Serruys PW, Leon MB, Meredith IT, Windecker S, Neumann FJ, Belardi J, Widimsky P, Massaro J, Novack V, Yeung AC, Saito S, Mauri L. Clinical outcome of patients with and without diabetes mellitus after percutaneous coronary intervention with the resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent: 2-year results from the prospectively pooled analysis of the international global RESOLUTE program. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 6:357-68. [PMID: 23523454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe the process to obtain Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the expanded indication for treatment with the Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent (R-ZES) (Medtronic, Inc., Santa Rosa, California) in patients with coronary artery disease and diabetes. BACKGROUND The R-ZES is the first drug-eluting stent specifically indicated in the United States for percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with diabetes. METHODS We pooled patient-level data for 5,130 patients from the RESOLUTE Global Clinical Program. A performance goal prospectively determined in conjunction with the FDA was established as a rate of target vessel failure at 12 months of 14.5%. In addition to the FDA pre-specified cohort of less complex patients with diabetes (n = 878), we evaluated outcomes of the R-ZES in all 1,535 patients with diabetes compared with all 3,595 patients without diabetes at 2 years. RESULTS The 12-month rate of target vessel failure in the pre-specified diabetic cohort was 7.8% (upper 95% confidence interval: 9.51%), significantly lower than the performance goal of 14.5% (p < 0.001). After 2 years, the cumulative incidence of target lesion failure in patients with noninsulin-treated diabetes was comparable to that of patients without diabetes (8.0% vs. 7.1%). The higher risk insulin-treated population demonstrated a significantly higher target lesion failure rate (13.7%). In the whole population, including complex patients, rates of stent thrombosis were not significantly different between patients with and without diabetes (1.2% vs. 0.8%). CONCLUSIONS The R-ZES is safe and effective in patients with diabetes. Long-term clinical data of patients with noninsulin-treated diabetes are equivalent to patients without diabetes. Patients with insulin-treated diabetes remain a higher risk subset. (The Medtronic RESOLUTE Clinical Trial; NCT00248079; Randomized, Two-arm, Non-inferiority Study Comparing Endeavor-Resolute Stent With Abbot Xience-V Stent [RESOLUTE-AC]; NCT00617084; The Medtronic RESOLUTE US Clinical Trial (R-US); NCT00726453; RESOLUTE International Registry: Evaluation of the Resolute Zotarolimus-Eluting Stent System in a 'Real-World' Patient Population [R-Int]; NCT00752128; RESOLUTE Japan-The Clinical Evaluation of the MDT-4107 Drug-Eluting Coronary Stent [RJ]; NCT00927940).
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Jang SJ, Park DW, Kim WJ, Kim YH, Yun SC, Kang SJ, Lee SW, Lee CW, Park SW, Park SJ. Differential long-term outcomes of zotarolimus-eluting stents compared with sirolimus-eluting and paclitaxel-eluting stents in diabetic and nondiabetic patients: Two-year subgroup analysis of the ZEST randomized trial. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2013; 81:1106-14. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.24603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Joo Jang
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Duk-Woo Park
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Won-Jang Kim
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Young-Hak Kim
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Sung-Cheol Yun
- Division of Biostatistics; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Kang
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Seung-Whan Lee
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Cheol Whan Lee
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Seong-Wook Park
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Park
- Department of Cardiology; Center for Medical Research and Information; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Seoul; Korea
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Tsujita H, Hamazaki Y, Nishikura T, Yokota H, Kondo S, Hosokawa S, Tsukamoto S, Mutou M, Sakurai M, Nishimura H, Kobayashi Y. Sirolimus-eluting stents versus paclitaxel-eluting stents for coronary intervention in patients with renal failure on hemodialysis. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2012; 28:9-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s12928-012-0103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Long-term Outcomes After Percutaneous Intervention of the Internal Thoracic Artery Anastomosis: The Use of Drug-Eluting Stents Is Associated With a Higher Need of Repeat Revascularization. Can J Cardiol 2012; 28:458-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Grube E, Chevalier B, Guagliumi G, Smits PC, Stuteville M, Dorange C, Papeleu P, Kaul U, Džavík V. The SPIRIT V diabetic study: a randomized clinical evaluation of the XIENCE V everolimus-eluting stent vs the TAXUS Liberté paclitaxel-eluting stent in diabetic patients with de novo coronary artery lesions. Am Heart J 2012; 163:867-875.e1. [PMID: 22607866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic patients respond less favorably to revascularization and have poorer long-term outcomes. Our main aim was to evaluate the angiographic efficacy of XIENCE V (everolimus-eluting stent, or EES) in diabetic patients compared with TAXUS Liberté (paclitaxel-eluting stent, or PES). METHODS The SPIRIT V Diabetic Study was a prospective, single-blind, randomized study that enrolled 324 diabetic (insulin and non-insulin dependent) patients at 28 sites in Europe and Asia Pacific. Randomization was 2:1 between EES (n = 218) and PES (n = 106). The primary end point was sequential noninferiority and superiority of EES for in-stent late loss at 9 months. Secondary clinical end points included stent thrombosis, death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization rates up to 1 year. RESULTS Everolimus-eluting stent was superior to PES for in-stent late loss at 9 months (0.19 mm vs 0.39 mm, respectively; P(superiority) = .0001). The composite rate of death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization was the same in the 2 groups at 1 year (16.3% vs 16.4%). No stent thromboses (Academic Research Consortium definite and probable) were seen through 1 year with EES compared with 2 of 104 (2%) with PES (P = .11). CONCLUSION In this prospective, randomized trial in a high-risk group of diabetic patients, implantation of EES compared with PES resulted in significantly better inhibition of intimal hyperplasia with a comparable safety outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard Grube
- Department of Cardiology,University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Laynez A, Sardi G, Hauville C, Barbash IM, Pakala R, Torguson R, Xue Z, Satler LF, Pichard AD, Waksman R. Safety and efficacy of everolimus-eluting stents versus paclitaxel-eluting stents in a diabetic population. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2012; 81:759-65. [PMID: 22488756 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.24438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the use of everolimus-eluting stents (EES) and paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) in an unrestricted diabetic population and to compare the performance of these two drug-eluting stents. BACKGROUND EES have demonstrated superiority in efficacy when compared to PES in a general population. However, it is controversial whether this superiority holds true in a diabetic population. METHODS From March 2004 to May 2010, 968 patients with consecutive diabetes who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and implantation of an EES (n = 388) or PES (n = 580) at our institution. In-hospital, 1-month, 6-month, and 1-year clinical outcomes were analyzed and compared. Correlates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were identified. RESULTS Baseline clinical characteristics were similar between stent types except for more family history of coronary artery disease in the PES group and more insulin-dependent diabetes and unstable angina at initial diagnosis in the EES group. The PES group had higher number of lesions treated, longer stents used, and a higher proportion of intravascular ultrasound and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use. The EES group had more type C and distal lesions. There was higher target lesion revascularization (TLR)-MACE in the PES group (3.3% vs. 1.0%, P = 0.03) as well as a higher rate of stent thrombosis (ST) (8 patients vs. 0 in the EES group, P = 0.03). ST continued to be higher in the PES group at 6 and 12 months and mortality was higher at 12 months in the PES group (9.4% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.02). After adjustment, no significant differences were found between stent types on Cox regression analysis for hazard ratios at 1-year follow-up of TLR-MACE. CONCLUSIONS In a diabetic population undergoing PCI, the use of an EES compared to PES was associated with lower rates of stent thrombosis; but after adjustment the composite TLR-MACE at 1 year was similar between both stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laynez
- Department of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia 20010, USA
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Comparison of inflammatory response after implantation of sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents in patients on hemodialysis. Heart Vessels 2012; 28:308-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00380-012-0250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sawai T, Miyahara M, Nakajima H, Nakamori S, Sakai M, Tamada H, Tanigawa T, Yamada N, Nakamura M, Ito M. The impact of preprocedural hemoglobin A1c on the efficacy of sirolimus-eluting and paclitaxel-eluting stents. Cardiovasc Interv Ther 2012; 27:72-83. [PMID: 22623000 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-012-0095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Several reports have shown contrary results regarding the efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) and paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) in diabetic patients. The association between hemoglobin A1c (A1c) before coronary intervention and the midterm clinical outcomes of patients treated with these stents is unclear. The enrolled population was 415 patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) who underwent follow-up angiography after being implanted with a SES (n = 282) or PES (n = 133). The enrolled population was classified into the optimal glycemic control group (n = 213) and suboptimal glycemic control group (n = 202), and the predictors of restenosis were examined in each group. In the optimal glycemic control group, the use of PES was an independent predictor of restenosis [odds ratio (OR) 9.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.08-38.9, p < 0.0001]; on the other hand, the use of SES was a positive independent predictor of restenosis prevention (OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.03-0.32, p < 0.0001). In the suboptimal glycemic control group, neither stent was predictive of restenosis. In a subanalysis, preprocedural A1c (≥7.0%) was found to be an independent predictor of restenosis in the SES group (OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.14-12.8, p = 0.03), but not the PES group. Postprocedural A1c (≥7.0%) was not an independent predictor of restenosis in either stent group. This study showed that the superiority of SES compared to PES was attenuated in the suboptimal glycemic control group. Preprocedural A1c (≥7.0%) was found to be an independent predictor of restenosis in the SES group, but not in the PES group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Sawai
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
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Kamoi D, Ishii H, Takahashi H, Aoyama T, Toriyama T, Tanaka M, Kawamura Y, Kawashima K, Yoshikawa D, Amano T, Uetani T, Matsubara T, Murohara T. Sirolimus- vs. paclitaxel-eluting stent to coronary intervention in dialysis patients. Int J Cardiol 2011; 165:533-6. [PMID: 22000423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) are at high risk for restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) even if treated with a sirolimus-eluting stent (SES). The aim of this study was to compare the effects of SES and paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) in preventing restenosis in HD patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS A total of 100 consecutive patients on HD who underwent PCI were enrolled into the study. They were randomly assigned to receive either SES or PES. We compared follow-up angiographic outcomes between the SES and PES groups at 8-month follow-up. RESULTS The angiographical restenosis rate, defined as % diameter stenosis>50% at 8-month follow-up, was 19.7% in the SES group and 20.0% in the PES group (p=0.97). Late loss was also similar between the two groups (0.49±0.70 mm vs. 0.48±0.91 mm, P=0.94). There were no significant differences in the rates of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or TLR due to stent restenosis-induced ischemia between the two groups (2.0% vs. 4.0%, p=0.56, 2.0% vs. 4.0%, p=0.56, and 16.0% vs. 12.0%, p=0.57, respectively). CONCLUSIONS There was no significant difference in angiographical outcome at 8-month follow-up between HD patients treated with SES and PES. Even if treated with DES including SES and PES, patients on HD are at high risk of restenosis after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kamoi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya Kyoritsu Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Kufner S, de Waha A, Tomai F, Park SW, Lee SW, Lim DS, Kim MH, Galloe AM, Maeng M, Briguori C, Dibra A, Schömig A, Kastrati A. A meta-analysis of specifically designed randomized trials of sirolimus-eluting versus paclitaxel-eluting stents in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. Am Heart J 2011; 162:740-7. [PMID: 21982668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an ongoing debate on the optimal drug-eluting stent (DES) in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. We addressed this issue by making a synthesis of the available evidence on the relative long-term efficacy and safety of sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) and paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) in these patients. METHODS Individual patient data were analyzed from 6 randomized trials specifically designed to compare SES with PES in diabetic patients. In total, 1183 patients were followed up for a median of 3.9 years (25th, 75th percentiles 3.4-4.5 years). The primary efficacy end point was target lesion revascularization (TLR). The composite of death and myocardial infarction (MI) was the primary safety end point. Stent thrombosis was a secondary end point. Overall hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were calculated as summary estimates. RESULTS No significant heterogeneity was seen across the 6 randomized trials for all analyzed events. Sirolimus-eluting stent was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of TLR (HR 0.65 [0.47-0.91], P = .01). No significant differences were observed regarding the risk of death or MI (HR 1.04 [0.74-1.45], P = .83) and stent thrombosis (HR 1.00 [0.31-3.30], P = .67). Mortality was also not affected by the type of DES (HR 0.95 [0.65-1.39], P = .79). CONCLUSIONS In diabetic patients with coronary artery disease, SES leads to a sustained reduction in the risk of TLR compared with PES. Both these DES types are, however, comparable with respect to the risk of stent thrombosis, MI, or death over long-term follow-up.
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Roffi M, Angiolillo DJ, Kappetein AP. Current concepts on coronary revascularization in diabetic patients. Eur Heart J 2011; 32:2748-57. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Stuckey TD, Brodie BR. Outcomes with drug-eluting stents in diabetic patients. Interv Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.2217/ica.11.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Witzenbichler B, Wöhrle J, Guagliumi G, Peruga JZ, Brodie BR, Dudek D, Kornowski R, Hartmann F, Hood KL, Parise H, Lansky AJ, Nikolsky E, Mehran R, Stone GW. Paclitaxel-eluting stents compared with bare metal stents in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction: the Harmonizing Outcomes with Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction (HORIZONS-AMI) trial. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2011; 4:130-8. [PMID: 21364152 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.110.960245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the prospective, randomized Harmonizing Outcomes with Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction (HORIZONS-AMI) trial, implantation of paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) safely reduced the rates of ischemic target lesion revascularization (TLR) compared with bare metal stents (BMS) in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous intervention. Diabetes mellitus is a known predictor of adverse outcomes after percutaneous intervention in STEMI. We therefore sought to assess the impact of PES in diabetic patients with STEMI from the HORIZONS-AMI trial. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 478 patients with diabetes and 2527 without diabetes were randomly assigned to receive PES versus BMS. The 12-month rates of ischemic TLR were significantly reduced by PES compared with BMS in both diabetic (11.2% versus 5.2%; hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]=0.45 [0.21 to 0.93]; P=0.03) and nondiabetic (6.8% versus 4.3%, hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]=0.63 [0.44 to 0.92]; P=0.02) patients. In patients with insulin-treated diabetes, PES compared with BMS reduced the 12-month TLR rate from 21.4% to 7.3% (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]=0.35 [0.12 to 1.03]; P=0.046). Angiographic late loss and binary restenosis at 13 months were also significantly reduced in PES-treated diabetic patients. There were no significant differences between the BMS and PES groups in the 12-month rates of death, reinfarction, stroke, or stent thrombosis in either diabetic or nondiabetic patients. CONCLUSIONS In the large-scale, prospective, randomized HORIZONS-AMI trial, implantation of PES compared with BMS in patients with STEMI and diabetes mellitus resulted in significant reductions in ischemia-driven TLR and angiographic restenosis at 1 year, with comparable safety outcomes, including stent thrombosis. These results suggest that PES can safely be used to reduce restenosis in high-risk diabetic patients presenting with STEMI. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00433966.
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Tanaka N, Terashima M, Rathore S, Itoh T, Habara M, Nasu K, Kimura M, Itoh T, Kinoshita Y, Ehara M, Tsuchikane E, Asakura K, Asakura Y, Katoh O, Suzuki T. Different patterns of vascular response between patients with or without diabetes mellitus after drug-eluting stent implantation: optical coherence tomographic analysis. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2011; 3:1074-9. [PMID: 20965467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed this study to investigate with optical coherence tomography (OCT) the vascular response after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation between patients with and those without diabetes mellitus (DM). BACKGROUND The difference in vascular response after SES implantation between patients with and those without DM has not been fully evaluated with OCT. METHODS Optical coherence tomography was performed to examine 74 nonrestenotic SES implanted in 63 patients (32 with DM and 31 without DM) at 9 months after SES implantation. For struts showing neointimal coverage, the neointimal thickness on the luminal side of each strut section was measured, and neointimal characteristics were classified into high, low, and layered signal pattern. RESULTS Baseline patient characteristics and lesion and procedural characteristics data were similar between the 2 groups. In total, 11,422 struts were analyzed. High signal neointima was observed in 90.2 ± 13.9%, low signal neointima in 7.3 ± 10.0%, and layered neointima in 2.7 ± 5.8%/stents. There was higher incidence of low signal neointima (10.5 ± 10.3% vs. 4.5 ± 5.6%, p = 0.003), neointimal thickness was larger (median: 106.8 μm, interquartile range: 79.3 to 130.4 μm vs. median: 83.5 μm, interquartile range: 62.3 to 89.3 μm; p < 0.0001), and neointimal coverage of stent struts was higher (92.1 ± 6.2% vs. 87.2 ± 11.9%; p = 0.03) in DM patients. CONCLUSIONS High signal neointimal pattern was predominantly observed, and low or layered signal pattern was observed in some cases. In DM patients, low signal neointima was observed with high frequency. Neointimal coverage and neointimal thickness was also higher in DM patients as compared with non-DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Toyohashi Heart Center, Toyohashi, Japan
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Higashitani M, Mori F, Yamada N, Arashi H, Kojika A, Hoshi H, Minami Y, Yamaguchi J, Yamauchi T, Takagi A, Ogawa H, Hagiwara N. Efficacy of paclitaxel-eluting stent implantation in hemodialysis patients. Heart Vessels 2011; 26:582-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00380-010-0110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kataoka Y, Yagi N, Kokubu N, Kasahara Y, Abe M, Otsuka Y. Efficacy of Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent in Patients With Impaired Glucose Tolerance - Comparison With Sirolimus-Eluting Stent -. Circ J 2011; 75:868-73. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kataoka
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Nobuhito Yagi
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Nobuaki Kokubu
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Yoichiro Kasahara
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Mitsuru Abe
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Yoritaka Otsuka
- Department of Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
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Bergheanu SC, Pons D, van der Hoeven BL, Liem SS, Siegerink B, Schalij MJ, van der Bom JG, Jukema JW. The 5352 A allele of the pro-inflammatory caspase-1 gene predicts late-acquired stent malapposition in STEMI patients treated with sirolimus stents. Heart Vessels 2010; 26:235-41. [PMID: 21052690 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-010-0046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Late-acquired stent malapposition (LASM) is a common finding after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation and may be the cause for late stent thrombosis. Inflammation may play a pivotal role in LASM just as it plays in stent restenosis. We have therefore investigated seven polymorphisms involved in inflammatory processes, related in previous reports to restenosis, on the risk of LASM in SES patients. Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction who underwent SES implantation and had intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) data available for both immediate post-intervention and 9-month follow-up were included in the present study. In total, 104 patients from the MISSION! Intervention Study were genotyped for the caspase-1 5352 G/A, eotaxin 1382 A/G, CD14 260 A/G, colony stimulating factor 2 1943 C/T, IL10 -1117 C/T, IL10 4251 C/T, and the tumor necrosis factor alpha 1211 C/T polymorphisms. LASM occurred in 26/104 (25%) of patients. We found a significantly higher risk for LASM in patients carrying the caspase-1 (CASP1) 5352 A allele (RR = 2.32; 95% CI 1.22-4.42). In addition, mean neointimal growth was significantly lower in patients carrying this LASM risk allele (1.6 vs. 4.1%, p = 0.014). The other six polymorphisms related to inflammation were not significantly related to the risk of LASM. In conclusion, carriers of the 5352 A allele in the caspase-1 gene are at increased risk of developing LASM after SES implantation. If this is confirmed in larger studies, then screening for this polymorphism in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions could eventually help cardiologists to better select between commercially available stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrin C Bergheanu
- Department of Cardiology C5-P, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Cho Y, Yang HM, Park KW, Chung WY, Choi DJ, Seo WW, Jeong KT, Chae SC, Lee MY, Hur SH, Chae JK, Seong IW, Yoon JH, Oh SK, Kim DI, Park KS, Rha SW, Jang YS, Bae JH, Hong TJ, Cho MC, Kim YJ, Jeong MH, Kim MJ, Park SK, Chae IH, Kim HS. Paclitaxel- versus sirolimus-eluting stents for treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: with analyses for diabetic and nondiabetic subpopulation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 3:498-506. [PMID: 20488406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine which drug-eluting stent (DES) is preferable for the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to elucidate the impact of diabetes mellitus on the outcome of each DES. BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown the benefit of DES in patients with STEMI. Diabetes mellitus might differentially affect outcomes of each DES. METHODS We analyzed the large-scale, prospective, observational KAMIR (Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry) study, which enrolled 4,416 STEMI patients (26% with diabetes) treated with paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) or sirolimus-eluting stent (SES). Primary outcome was major adverse cardiac event (MACE), defined as a composite of mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization (TLR). RESULTS In the overall population, the MACE rate at 1 year was significantly higher in the PES than the SES group (11.6% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.014), which was mainly due to increased TLR (3.7% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.001). In the diabetic subgroup, however, the MACE rate was not significantly different between PES and SES (14.5% vs. 12.3%, p = 0.217), in contrast to the nondiabetic subgroup, where PES was inferior to SES as in the overall population. Matching by propensity-score did not significantly alter these results. For TLR, there was interaction between the type of stents and diabetes mellitus (unadjusted: p = 0.052; after propensity-score matching: p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS The PES was inferior to the SES in the overall population, with regard to the occurrence of MACE and TLR. However, subgroup analysis for diabetic subjects showed no differences in clinical outcomes between PES and SES. These results suggest that diabetes differentially affects the outcome of first-generation DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Cho
- Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Nagareddy PR, MacLeod KM, McNeill JH. GPCR agonist-induced transactivation of the EGFR upregulates MLC II expression and promotes hypertension in insulin-resistant rats. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 87:177-86. [PMID: 20110336 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The presence of metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance and elevated levels of various vasoconstrictor G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists contributes to the development of hypertension. Recent studies have suggested a link between disease progression and activation of growth factor receptor signalling pathways such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). We hypothesized that excessive stimulation of GPCRs such as alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors activates MMP-dependent EGFR transactivation and contributes to the development of hypertension by promoting increased synthesis of contractile proteins in vascular smooth muscle (VSM). METHODS AND RESULTS We tested this concept in experiments using insulin-resistant VSM cells (VSMCs) and fructose hypertensive rats (FHRs), a model of acquired systolic hypertension and insulin resistance. We found that insulin resistance and agonist stimulation increased the expression and activity of MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-7), the EGFR, contractile proteins such as myosin light chain kinase and MLC II, and their transcriptional activators including P90 ribosomal kinase (P90RSK) and serum response factor, possibly via the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in VSMCs. Further, in insulin-resistant VSMCs and arteries from FHRs, disruption of MMP-EGFR signalling either by a pharmacological or small interfering RNA approach normalized the increased expression and activity of contractile proteins and their transcriptional activators and prevented the development of hypertension in FHRs. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the MMP-EGFR pathway could be a potential target in the treatment of hypertension in insulin resistance and/or hyperglycaemic conditions such as type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakara Reddy Nagareddy
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z3
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Wolf WM, Vlachos HA, Marroquin OC, Lee JS, Smith C, Anderson WD, Schindler JT, Holper EM, Abbott JD, Williams DO, Laskey WK, Kip KE, Kelsey SF, Mulukutla SR. Paclitaxel-eluting versus sirolimus-eluting stents in diabetes mellitus: a report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 3:42-9. [PMID: 20118153 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.109.885996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a powerful predictor of adverse events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Drug-eluting stents reduce restenosis rates compared with bare metal stents; however, controversy remains regarding which drug-eluting stents provides greater benefit in patients with diabetes. Accordingly, we compared the safety and efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) with paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) among diabetic patients in a contemporary registry. METHODS AND RESULTS Using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry, we evaluated 2-year outcomes of diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions with SES (n=677) and PES (n=328). Clinical and demographic characteristics, including age, body mass index, insulin use, left ventricular function, and aspirin/clopidogrel use postprocedure, did not differ significantly between the groups except that PES-treated patients had a greater frequency of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. At the 2-year follow-up, no significant differences were observed between PES and SES with regard to safety or efficacy end points. PES- and SES-treated patients had similar rates of death (10.7% versus 8.2%, P=0.20), death and myocardial infarction (14.9% versus 13.6%, P=0.55), repeat revascularization (14.8% versus 17.8%, P=0.36), and stent thrombosis (1.3% versus 1.3%, P=0.95). After adjustment, no significant differences between the 2 stent types in any outcome were observed. CONCLUSIONS PES and SES are equally efficacious and have similar safety profiles in diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions in clinical practice.
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Pósa A, Nyolczas N, Hemetsberger R, Pavo N, Petnehazy Ö, Petrasi Z, Sangiorgi G, Gyöngyösi M. Optimization of drug-eluting balloon use for safety and efficacy: Evaluation of the 2nd generation paclitaxel-eluting DIOR-balloon in porcine coronary arteries. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 76:395-403. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.22468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lasala JM, Cox DA, Morris DL, Breall JA, Mahoney PD, Horwitz PA, Shaw D, Hood KL, Mandinov L, Dawkins KD. Two-year results of paclitaxel-eluting stents in patients with medically treated diabetes mellitus from the TAXUS ARRIVE program. Am J Cardiol 2009; 103:1663-71. [PMID: 19539073 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents decrease revascularization compared with bare metal stents in diabetic patients, but few studies have compared drug-eluting stent use in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients. The objective of this study was to assess whether paclitaxel provides equivalent revascularization decrease in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. The ARRIVE registries enrolled 7,492 patients receiving TAXUS Express stents, including 2,112 with medically treated diabetes; results were compared with those in the remaining 5,380 nondiabetic patients. Two-year target lesion revascularization (TLR) was comparable in diabetic and nondiabetic patients (8.2% vs 7.7%, p = 0.59) and remained similar after multivariate adjustment for baseline differences (7.1% vs 6.8%, p = 0.41). There were no significant TLR differences between diabetic and nondiabetic patients with small vessels (9.7% vs 9.5%, p = 0.96) or left main coronary artery, 3-vessel, or bifurcation stenting (10.7% vs 13.1%, p = 0.41). Diabetes was not a significant TLR predictor (hazard ratio 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.77 to 1.12, p = 0.41). Stent thrombosis (2.6% vs 2.4%, p = 0.55) and myocardial infarction (3.8% vs 3.0%, p = 0.09) rates were also similar for diabetic and nondiabetic patients. However, 2-year mortality was significantly increased in diabetic compared with nondiabetic patients (9.7% vs 5.3%, p <0.001). Increased mortality drove significantly increased major cardiac events in diabetics; however, there was no difference in stent-related major cardiac events (8.9% vs 10.1%, p = 0.13). In conclusion, these results suggest that TAXUS paclitaxel-eluting stents abrogate the increased diabetic risk of clinical restenosis previously reported with bare metal stents, with similar low risk of myocardial infarction or stent thrombosis for diabetic and nondiabetic patients. However, diabetic patients still have increased risk of 2-year mortality.
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