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Inoue A, Piao L, Yue X, Huang Z, Hu L, Wu H, Meng X, Xu W, Yu C, Sasaki T, Itakura K, Umegaki H, Kuzuya M, Cheng XW. Young bone marrow transplantation prevents aging-related muscle atrophy in a senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 model. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:3078-3090. [PMID: 36058630 PMCID: PMC9745469 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young bone marrow transplantation (YBMT) has been shown to stimulate vascular regeneration in pathological conditions, including ageing. Here, we investigated the benefits and mechanisms of the preventive effects of YBMT on loss of muscle mass and function in a senescence-associated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10) model, with a special focus on the role of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF-11). METHODS Nine-week-old male SAMP10 mice were randomly assigned to a non-YBMT group (n = 6) and a YBMT group (n = 7) that received the bone marrow of 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice. RESULTS Compared to the non-YBMT mice, the YBMT mice showed the following significant increases (all P < 0.05 in 6-7 mice): endurance capacity (>61.3%); grip strength (>37.9%), percentage of slow myosin heavy chain fibres (>14.9-15.9%). The YBMT also increased the amounts of proteins or mRNAs for insulin receptor substrate 1, p-Akt, p-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2, p-mammalian target of rapamycin, Bcl-2, peroxisom proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC-1α), plus cytochrome c oxidase IV and the numbers of proliferating cells (n = 5-7, P < 0.05) and CD34+/integrin-α7+ muscle stem cells (n = 5-6, P < 0.05). The YMBT significantly decreased the levels of gp91phox, caspase-9 proteins and apoptotic cells (n = 5-7, P < 0.05) in both muscles; these beneficial changes were diminished by the blocking of GDF-11 (n = 5-6, P < 0.05). An administration of mouse recombinant GDF-11 improved the YBMT-mediated muscle benefits (n = 5-6, P < 0.05). Cell therapy with young bone marrow from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice exhibited GFP+ myofibres in aged muscle tissues. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that YBMT can prevent muscle wasting and dysfunction by mitigating apoptosis and proliferation via a modulation of GDF-11 signalling and mitochondrial dysfunction in SAMP10 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Inoue
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xueling Yue
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Human Cord Applied Cell Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiangkun Meng
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Wenhu Xu
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Chenglin Yu
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuokaken, Japan
| | - Kohji Itakura
- Division for Medical Research Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Stress and Cardiovascular Disease, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, PR China
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Investigation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps as Potential Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Non-Acute Subdural Hematomas: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12122934. [PMID: 36552941 PMCID: PMC9776444 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12122934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-acute subdural hematomas (NASHs) are a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, particularly with recurrences. Although recurrence is believed to involve a disordered neuroinflammatory cascade involving vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), this pathway has yet to be completely elucidated. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are key factors that promote inflammation/apoptosis and can be induced by VEGF. We investigated whether NETs are present in NASH membranes, quantified NET concentrations, and examined whether NET and VEGF levels are correlated in NASHs. Samples from patients undergoing NASH evacuation were collected during surgery and postoperatively at 24 and 48 h. Fluid samples and NASH membranes were analyzed for levels of VEGF, NETs, and platelet activation. NASH samples contained numerous neutrophils positive for NET formation. Myeloperoxidase-DNA complexes (a marker of NETs) remained elevated 48 h postoperatively (1.06 ± 0.22 day 0, 0.72 ± 0.23 day 1, and 0.83 ± 0.33 day 2). VEGF was also elevated in NASHs (7.08 ± 0.98 ng/mL day 0, 3.40 ± 0.68 ng/mL day 1, and 6.05 ± 1.8 ng/mL day 2). VEGF levels were significantly correlated with myeloperoxidase-DNA levels. These results show that NETs are increasing in NASH, a finding that was previously unknown. The strong correlation between NET and VEGF levels indicates that VEGF may be an important mediator of NET-related inflammation in NASH.
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Bounajem MT, Campbell RA, Denorme F, Grandhi R. Paradigms in chronic subdural hematoma pathophysiology: Current treatments and new directions. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2021; 91:e134-e141. [PMID: 34538825 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000003404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) are an increasingly common pathology encountered in a neurosurgical trauma practice. Although the operative and nonoperative management of CSDH has been studied extensively, the recurrence rate of CSDH remains high, with no significant decrease in recent years. We undertook a detailed assessment of the known pathophysiological mechanisms by which CSDHs recur to improve our ability to treat patients with this disease successfully. In this review of the literature from the PubMed and Scopus databases, we used the search terms "(pathophysiology) AND chronic subdural hematoma [tiab]" to identify pertinent reviews and articles in English. The results demonstrated a complex inflammatory response to subdural blood, which begins with the formation of a collagen neomembrane around the clot itself. Proinflammatory mediators, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tissue necrosis factor α, matrix metalloproteinases, and basic fibroblast growth factor, then contribute to chronic microbleeding by promoting the formation of fragile, leaky blood vessels, and widening of gap junctions of existing vessels. It is evident that the lack of improvement in recurrence rate is due to pathological factors that are not entirely alleviated by simple subdural evacuation. Targeted approaches, such as middle meningeal artery embolization and anti-inflammatory therapies, have become increasingly common and require further prospective analysis to aid in the determination of their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Bounajem
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center (M.T.B., R.G.), Molecular Medicine Program (R.A.C., F.D.); and Department of Internal Medicine (R.A.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Michalczyk K, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. Metalloproteinases in Endometrial Cancer-Are They Worth Measuring? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12472. [PMID: 34830354 PMCID: PMC8624741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies, yet the molecular mechanisms that lead to tumor development and progression are still not fully established. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of enzymes that play an important role in carcinogenesis. They are proteases involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds the tumor and the affected tissue allows cell detachment from the primary tumor causing local invasion and metastasis formation. Recent investigations demonstrate significantly increased metalloproteinase and metalloproteinase inhibitor levels in patients with endometrial cancer compared to those with normal endometrium. In this review, we aim to show their clinical significance and possible use in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with endometrial cancer. We have critically summarized and reviewed the research on the role of MMPs in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Michalczyk
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
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Rojas-Torres M, Jiménez-Palomares M, Martín-Ramírez J, Beltrán-Camacho L, Sánchez-Gomar I, Eslava-Alcon S, Rosal-Vela A, Gavaldá S, Durán-Ruiz MC. REX-001, a BM-MNC Enriched Solution, Induces Revascularization of Ischemic Tissues in a Murine Model of Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:602837. [PMID: 33363160 PMCID: PMC7755609 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BM-MNC) constitute a promising alternative for the treatment of Chronic Limb-Threatening ischemia (CLTI), a disease characterized by extensive blockade of peripheral arteries, clinically presenting as excruciating pain at rest and ischemic ulcers which may lead to gangrene and amputation. BM-MNC implantation has shown to be efficient in promoting angiogenesis and ameliorating ischemic symptoms in CLTI patients. However, the variability seen between clinical trials makes necessary a further understanding of the mechanisms of action of BM-MNC, and moreover, to improve trial characteristics such as endpoints, inclusion/exclusion criteria or drug product compositions, in order to implement their use as stem-cell therapy. Materials: Herein, the effect of REX-001, a human-BM derived cell suspension enriched for mononuclear cells, granulocytes and CD34+ cells, has been assessed in a murine model of CLTI. In addition, a REX-001 placebo solution containing BM-derived red blood cells (BM-RBCs) was also tested. Thus, 24 h after double ligation of the femoral artery, REX-001 and placebo were administrated intramuscularly to Balb-c nude mice (n:51) and follow-up of ischemic symptoms (blood flow perfusion, motility, ulceration and necrosis) was carried out for 21 days. The number of vessels and vascular diameter sizes were measured within the ischemic tissues to evaluate neovascularization and arteriogenesis. Finally, several cell-tracking assays were performed to evaluate potential biodistribution of these cells. Results: REX-001 induced a significant recovery of blood flow by increasing vascular density within the ischemic limbs, with no cell translocation to other organs. Moreover, cell tracking assays confirmed a decrease in the number of infused cells after 2 weeks post-injection despite on-going revascularization, suggesting a paracrine mechanism of action. Conclusion: Overall, our data supported the role of REX-001 product to improve revascularization and ischemic reperfusion in CLTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rojas-Torres
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Margarita Jiménez-Palomares
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Lucía Beltrán-Camacho
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ismael Sánchez-Gomar
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Sara Eslava-Alcon
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Sandra Gavaldá
- R&D Department at Rexgenero Biosciences Sociedad Limitada (SL), Seville, Spain
| | - Mª Carmen Durán-Ruiz
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Cádiz University, Cádiz, Spain.,Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Sciences of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
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Li X, Jin L, Tan Y. Different roles of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in osteolysis of skeletal dysplasia and bone metastasis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:70. [PMID: 33236155 PMCID: PMC7716421 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) is a well-characterized protein that is indispensable for extracellular matrix remodeling and other pathological processes, such as tumor progression and skeletal dysplasia. Excessive activation of MMP2 promotes osteolytic metastasis and bone destruction in late-stage cancers, while its loss-of-function mutations result in the decreased bone mineralization and generalized osteolysis occurring progressively in skeletal developmental disorders, particularly in multicentric osteolysis, nodulosis and arthropathy (MONA). Either upregulation or downregulation of MMP2 activity can result in the same osteolytic effects. Thus, different functions of MMP2 have been recently identified that could explain this observation. While MMP2 can degrade bone matrix, facilitate osteoclastogenesis and amplify various signaling pathways that enhance osteolysis in bone metastasis, its role in maintaining the number of bone cells, supporting osteocytic canalicular network formation and suppressing leptin-mediated inhibition of bone formation has been implicated in osteolytic disorders caused by MMP2 deficiency. Furthermore, the proangiogenic activity of MMP2 is one of the potential mechanisms that are associated with both pathological situations. In the present article, the latest research on MMP2 in bone homeostasis is reviewed and the mechanisms underlying the role of this protein in skeletal metastasis and developmental osteolysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Libin Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yanbin Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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Cathepsin K Deficiency Impaired Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization in Aged Mice. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:6938620. [PMID: 32676120 PMCID: PMC7346230 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6938620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cysteine protease cathepsin K (CatK) has been implicated in the process of angiogenesis, but the exact roles of individual CatK in vessel formation during aging are poorly understood. Methods and Results To study the putative role of CatK in ischemia-induced angiogenesis, we applied a hindlimb ischemia model to aged wild-type (CatK+/+) and CatK-deficient (CatK−/−) mice. A serial laser Doppler blood-flow analysis revealed that the recovery of the ischemic/normal blood-flow ratio in the aged CatK−/−mice was impaired throughout the follow-up period. On postoperative day 14, CatK deficiency had also impaired capillary formation. CatK deficiency reduced the levels of cleaved Notch1, phospho-Akt, and/or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins in the ischemic muscles and bone marrow-derived c-Kit+ cells. A flow cytometry analysis revealed that CatK deficiency reduced the numbers of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-like CD31+/c-Kit+ cells in the peripheral blood as well as the ischemic vasculature. In vitro experiments, CatK−/− impaired bone-derived c-Kit+ cellular functions (migration, invasion, proliferation, and tubulogenesis) in aged mice. Our findings demonstrated that aging impaired the ischemia-induced angiogenesis associated with the reductions of the production and mobilization of CD31+/c-Kit+ cells in mice. Conclusions These findings established that the impairment of ischemia-induced neovascularization in aged CatK−/− mice is due, at least in part, to the reduction of EPC mobilization and the homing of the cells into vasculature that is associated with the impairment of Notch1 signaling activation at advanced ages.
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Proangiogenic and Proarteriogenic Therapies in Coronary Microvasculature Dysfunction. Microcirculation 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-28199-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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Quintero-Fabián S, Arreola R, Becerril-Villanueva E, Torres-Romero JC, Arana-Argáez V, Lara-Riegos J, Ramírez-Camacho MA, Alvarez-Sánchez ME. Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Angiogenesis and Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1370. [PMID: 31921634 PMCID: PMC6915110 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 537] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During angiogenesis, new vessels emerge from existing endothelial lined vessels to promote the degradation of the vascular basement membrane and remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM), followed by endothelial cell migration, and proliferation and the new generation of matrix components. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in the disruption, tumor neovascularization, and subsequent metastasis while tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) downregulate the activity of these MMPs. Then, the angiogenic response can be directly or indirectly mediated by MMPs through the modulation of the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. This review analyzes recent knowledge on MMPs and their participation in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saray Quintero-Fabián
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Military School of Graduate of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo Arreola
- Psychiatric Genetics Department, National Institute of Psychiatry "Ramón de la Fuente", Clinical Research Branch, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Julio César Torres-Romero
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - Victor Arana-Argáez
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Julio Lara-Riegos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Facultad de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
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Wu TC, Chang CC, Leu HB, Huang PH, Lin SJ, Chen JW. Phorbol ester-induced angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells: The role of NADPH oxidase-mediated, redox-related matrix metalloproteinase pathways. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0209426. [PMID: 30645596 PMCID: PMC6333344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may contribute to ischemia-induced angiogenesis in atherosclerotic diseases. The protein kinase C (PKC) family is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, however the role of PKCα in EPCs during angiogenesis is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PKCα in EPCs during angiogenesis. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), a PKCα activator, significantly increased the activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and -9 in human (late outgrowth) EPCs in vitro. The MMPs promoted the migratory function and vascular formation of EPCs, which then contributed to neovascularization in a mouse hindlimb-ischemia model. Reactive oxygen species derived from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase enhanced the expression of MMPs to increase the bioactivity of EPCs during angiogenesis. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway was associated with the activation of NADPH oxidase. PMA extensively activated the extracellular signal–regulated kinase (Erk) signal pathway to increase the expression of MMP-9. PMA also activated the p38, Erk, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signal pathways to increase the expression of MMP-2. PMA-stimulated EPCs enhanced neovascularization in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia via nuclear factor-κB translocation to up-regulation of the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. PMA could activate PKCα and promote the angiogenesis capacity of human EPCs via NADPH oxidase-mediated, redox-related, MMP-2 and MMP-9 pathways. The PKCα-activated, NADPH oxidase-mediated, redox-related MMP pathways could contribute to the function of human EPCs for ischemia-induced neovascularization, which may provide novel insights into the potential modification of EPCs for therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Cheng Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Healthcare and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- * E-mail:
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Sun Z, Ma N, Fan W, Guo L, Chen J, Zhu L, Tong G. Noninvasive monitoring of the development and treatment response of ischemic hindlimb by targeting matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4036-4045. [PMID: 31482934 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00915a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
An ultrafast MMP activatable probe monitoring the development of angiogenesis in ischemic hindlimb through fluorescence imaging in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchan Sun
- Department of Cardiology
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital
- Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Tangdu Hospital
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Wensi Fan
- Department of Cardiology
- Xijing Hospital
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Lanyan Guo
- Department of Cardiology
- Xijing Hospital
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Jiangwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology
- Xijing Hospital
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Winship Cancer Institute
- Department of Surgery
- Emory University
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Guang Tong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital
- Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
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Piao L, Yu C, Xu W, Inoue A, Shibata R, Li X, Nan Y, Zhao G, Wang H, Meng X, Lei Y, Goto H, Ouchi N, Murohara T, Kuzuya M, Cheng XW. Adiponectin/AdiopR1 signal inactivation contributes to impaired angiogenesis in mice of advanced age. Int J Cardiol 2018; 267:150-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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13
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Ogasawara S, Cheng XW, Inoue A, Hu L, Piao L, Yu C, Goto H, Xu W, Zhao G, Lei Y, Yang G, Kimura K, Umegaki H, Shi GP, Kuzuya M. Cathepsin K activity controls cardiotoxin-induced skeletal muscle repair in mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:160-175. [PMID: 29058826 PMCID: PMC5803616 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cathepsin K (CatK) is a widely expressed cysteine protease that has gained attention because of its enzymatic and non-enzymatic functions in signalling. Here, we examined whether CatK-deficiency (CatK-/- ) would mitigate injury-related skeletal muscle remodelling and fibrosis in mice, with a special focus on inflammation and muscle cell apoptosis. METHODS Cardiotoxin (CTX, 20 μM/200 μL) was injected into the left gastrocnemius muscle of male wild-type (CatK+/+ ) and CatK-/- mice, and the mice were processed for morphological and biochemical studies. RESULTS On post-injection Day 14, CatK deletion ameliorated muscle interstitial fibrosis and remodelling and performance. At an early time point (Day 3), CatK-/- reduced the lesion macrophage and leucocyte contents and cell apoptosis, the mRNA levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, toll-like receptor-2 and toll-like receptor-4, and the gelatinolytic activity related to matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9. CatK deletion also restored the protein levels of caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-8 and the ratio of the BAX to the Bcl-2. Moreover, CatK deficiency protected muscle fibre laminin and desmin disorder in response to CTX injury. These beneficial muscle effects were mimicked by CatK-specific inhibitor treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that pharmacological CatK inhibition reduced the apoptosis of C2C12 mouse myoblasts and the levels of BAX and caspase-3 proteins induced by CTX. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that CatK plays an essential role in skeletal muscle loss and fibrosis in response to CTX injury, possibly via a reduction of inflammation and cell apoptosis, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for the control of skeletal muscle diseases by regulating CatK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinyu Ogasawara
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-0814, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-702, Korea
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-0814, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Chenglin Yu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Hiroki Goto
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Wenhu Xu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Guangxian Zhao
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Kaoru Kimura
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 20115, USA
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-0814, Aichiken, Japan
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14
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[Molecular mechanism of sarcopenia]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2018; 55:13-24. [PMID: 29503355 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.55.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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15
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Piao L, Zhao G, Zhu E, Inoue A, Shibata R, Lei Y, Hu L, Yu C, Yang G, Wu H, Xu W, Okumura K, Ouchi N, Murohara T, Kuzuya M, Cheng XW. Chronic Psychological Stress Accelerates Vascular Senescence and Impairs Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization: The Role of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4/Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Adiponectin Axis. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e006421. [PMID: 28963101 PMCID: PMC5721852 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to psychosocial stress is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including vascular aging and regeneration. Given that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) regulates several intracellular signaling pathways associated with the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) metabolism, we investigated the role of DPP4/GLP-1 axis in vascular senescence and ischemia-induced neovascularization in mice under chronic stress, with a special focus on adiponectin -mediated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ/its co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) activation. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven-week-old mice subjected to restraint stress for 4 weeks underwent ischemic surgery and were kept under immobilization stress conditions. Mice that underwent ischemic surgery alone served as controls. We demonstrated that stress impaired the recovery of the ischemic/normal blood-flow ratio throughout the follow-up period and capillary formation. On postoperative day 4, stressed mice showed the following: increased levels of plasma and ischemic muscle DPP4 and decreased levels of GLP-1 and adiponectin in plasma and phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase α (p-AMPKα), vascular endothelial growth factor, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ, PGC-1α, and Sirt1 proteins and insulin receptor 1 and glucose transporter 4 genes in the ischemic tissues, vessels, and/or adipose tissues and numbers of circulating endothelial CD31+/c-Kit+ progenitor cells. Chronic stress accelerated aortic senescence and impaired aortic endothelial sprouting. DPP4 inhibition and GLP-1 receptor activation improved these changes; these benefits were abrogated by adiponectin blocking and genetic depletion. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the DPP4/GLP-1-adiponectin axis is a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular aging and cardiovascular disease under chronic stress conditions.
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MESH Headings
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Senescence
- Chronic Disease
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/deficiency
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/genetics
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells/enzymology
- Endothelial Progenitor Cells/pathology
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1/metabolism
- Ischemia/enzymology
- Ischemia/genetics
- Ischemia/pathology
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- PPAR gamma/metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism
- Proteolysis
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Rats, Transgenic
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stress, Psychological/enzymology
- Stress, Psychological/genetics
- Stress, Psychological/pathology
- Stress, Psychological/physiopathology
- Time Factors
- Tissue Culture Techniques
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Piao
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guangxian Zhao
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rei Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Chenglin Yu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhu Xu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
| | - Kenji Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidant Maintains Blood Flow, Mitochondrial Function, and Redox Balance in Old Mice Following Prolonged Limb Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091897. [PMID: 28869535 PMCID: PMC5618546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major factor in the decline of limb blood flow with ischemia. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) with regard to limb perfusion recovery in aging during ischemia. We performed femoral artery ligation in young and old mice with or without treatment with a scavenger of mitochondrial superoxide, MitoTEMPO (180 μg/kg/day, from pre-operative day 7 to post-operative day (POD) 21) infusion using an implanted mini-pump. The recoveries of cutaneous blood flow in the ischemic hind limb were lower in old mice than in young mice but were improved in MitoTEMPO-treated old mice. Mitochondrial DNA damage appeared in ischemic aged muscles but was eliminated by MitoTEMPO treatment. For POD 2, MitoTEMPO treatment suppressed the expression of p53 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl2 and upregulated the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ischemic aged skeletal muscles. For POD 21, MitoTEMPO treatment preserved the expression of PGC-1α in ischemic aged skeletal muscle. The ischemic soleus of old mice showed a lower mitochondrial respiratory control ratio in POD 21 compared to young mice, which was recovered in MitoTEMPO-treated old mice. Scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide attenuated mitochondrial DNA damage and preserved the mitochondrial respiration, in addition to suppression of the expression of p53 and preservation of the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in ischemic skeletal muscles with aging. Resolution of excessive mitochondrial superoxide could be an effective therapy to recover blood flow of skeletal muscle during ischemia in senescence.
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17
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Inoue A, Cheng XW, Huang Z, Hu L, Kikuchi R, Jiang H, Piao L, Sasaki T, Itakura K, Wu H, Zhao G, Lei Y, Yang G, Zhu E, Li X, Sato K, Koike T, Kuzuya M. Exercise restores muscle stem cell mobilization, regenerative capacity and muscle metabolic alterations via adiponectin/AdipoR1 activation in SAMP10 mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:370-385. [PMID: 27897419 PMCID: PMC5476856 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise train (ET) stimulates muscle response in pathological conditions, including aging. The molecular mechanisms by which exercise improves impaired adiponectin/adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1)-related muscle actions associated with aging are poorly understood. Here we observed that in a senescence-accelerated mouse prone 10 (SAMP10) model, long-term ET modulated muscle-regenerative actions. METHODS 25-week-old male SAMP10 mice were randomly assigned to the control and the ET (45 min/time, 3/week) groups for 4 months. Mice that were maintained in a sedentary condition served controls. RESULTS ET ameliorated aging-related muscle changes in microstructure, mitochondria, and performance. The amounts of proteins or mRNAs for p-AMPKα, p-Akt, p-ERK1/2, p-mTOR, Bcl-XL, p-FoxO3, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ coactivator, adiponectin receptor1 (adpoR1), and cytochrome c oxidase-IV, and the numbers of CD34+ /integrin-α7+ muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and proliferating cells in the muscles and bone-marrow were enhanced by ET, whereas the levels of p-GSK-3α and gp91phox proteins and apoptotic cells were reduced by ET. The ET also resulted in increased levels of plasma adiponectin and the numbers of bone-marrow (BM)-derived circulating CD34+ /integrin-α7+ MuSCs and their functions. Integrin-α7+ MuSCs of exercised mice had improved changes of those beneficial molecules. These ET-mediated aged muscle benefits were diminished by adiponectin and AdipoR1 blocking as well as AMPK inhibition. Finally, recombinant mouse adiponectin enhanced AMPK and mTOR phosphorylations in BM-derived integrin-α7+ cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ET can improve aging-related impairments of BM-derived MuSC regenerative capacity and muscle metabolic alterations via an AMPK-dependent mechanism that is mediated by an adiponectin/AdipoR1 axis in SAMP10 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China.,Department of Cardiovascular of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Neurology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kikuchi
- Department of Medical Technique, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Haiying Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji, 133000, Jilin PR., China
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuokaken, Japan
| | - Kohji Itakura
- Division for Medical Research Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Department of Sport Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Guangxian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiology and ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin, 133000, Jilin PR., China
| | - Kohji Sato
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Shizuokaken, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Koike
- Department of Sport Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan.,Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
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18
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Zhao G, Cheng XW, Piao L, Hu L, Lei Y, Yang G, Inoue A, Ogasawara S, Wu H, Hao CN, Okumura K, Kuzuya M. The Soluble VEGF Receptor sFlt-1 Contributes to Impaired Neovascularization in Aged Mice. Aging Dis 2017; 8:287-300. [PMID: 28580185 PMCID: PMC5440109 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2016.0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which angiogenesis declines with aging is not fully understood. Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) form (sFlt1) contributes to endothelial dysfunction in pathological conditions. However, the roles of sFlt1 in ischemia-induced neovascularizationof aged animals have not been investigated. To study aging-related sFlt1 change and its impact on ischemia-induced neovascularization, a hindlimb ischemia model was applied to young and aged mice. Blood flow imaging assay revealed that the blood flow recovery remained impaired throughout the follow-up period. At day 14, immunostaining showed lesser capillary formation in the aged mice. An ELISA showed that the aged mice had increased plasma sFlt-1 levels at indicated time points after surgery. On operative day 4, the aged ischemic muscles had decreased levels of p-VEGFR2 and p-Akt and increased levels of sFlt-1, Wnt5a, and SC35 genes or/and protein as well as increased numbers of inflammatory cells (macrophages and leucocytes) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity. Immnunofluorescence showed that Flt-1 was co-localized with CD11b+ macrophages of aged ischemic muscles. Hypoxia stimulated sFlt1 expression in CD11b+ cells of aged bone-marrow (BM), and this effect was diminished by siWnt5a. The cultured medium of aged mice BM-derived CD11b+ cells suppressed human endothelial cell (EC) and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) angiogenic actions induced by VEGF, and these decreases were improved by treatment with siWnt5a-conditioned medium. Thus, aging appears to decline neovascularization in response to ischemic stress via the VEGFR2/Akt signaling inactivation in ECs and ECPs that is mediated by Wnt5a/SC35 axis activated macrophages-derived sFlt1 production in advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxian Zhao
- 1Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, China
| | - Xian W Cheng
- 1Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, China.,7Institute for Future Society, NAGOYA STREAM, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichiken 4668550, Japan.,8Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130701, Republic of Korea
| | - Limei Piao
- 1Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, China.,2Department of Health Care & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichiken 4668550, Japan
| | - Lina Hu
- 3Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Yanna Lei
- 1Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, China
| | - Guang Yang
- 1Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, China
| | - Aiko Inoue
- 2Department of Health Care & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichiken 4668550, Japan
| | - Shinyu Ogasawara
- 2Department of Health Care & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichiken 4668550, Japan
| | - Hongxian Wu
- 4Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20160527, China
| | - Chang-Ning Hao
- 5Department of vascular surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200126, China
| | - Kenji Okumura
- 6Department of Cardiology, Tohno Kosei Hospital, Mizunai, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- 3Department of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China.,7Institute for Future Society, NAGOYA STREAM, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichiken 4668550, Japan
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19
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Electrical Stimulation of Denervated Rat Skeletal Muscle Retards Capillary and Muscle Loss in Early Stages of Disuse Atrophy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5695217. [PMID: 28497057 PMCID: PMC5406745 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5695217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of low-frequency electrical muscle stimulation (ES) on the decrease in muscle mass, fiber size, capillary supply, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) immunoreactivity in the early stages of denervation-induced limb disuse. Direct ES was performed on the tibialis anterior muscle following denervation in seven-week-old male rats. The rats were divided into the following groups: control (CON), denervation (DN), and denervation with direct ES (DN + ES). Direct ES was performed at an intensity of 16 mA and a frequency of 10 Hz for 30 min per day, six days a week, for one week. We performed immunohistochemical staining to determine the expression of dystrophin, CD34, and MMP-2 in transverse sections of TA muscles. The weight, myofiber cross-sectional area (FCSA), and capillary-to-fiber (C/F) ratio of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle were significantly reduced in the DN group compared to the control and DN + ES groups. The MMP-2 positive area was significantly greater in DN and DN + ES groups compared to the control group. These findings suggest beneficial effects of direct ES in reducing muscle atrophy and capillary regression without increasing MMP-2 immunoreactivity in the early stages of DN-induced muscle disuse in rat hind limbs.
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20
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Shi Z, Chen Y, Cao J, Zeng H, Yang Y, Chen P, Luo H, Peng H, Cai S, Guan C. Intratracheal transplantation of endothelial progenitor cells attenuates smoking-induced COPD in mice. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:947-960. [PMID: 28360519 PMCID: PMC5365327 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s110781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) might play a protective role in COPD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether intratracheal allogeneic transplantation of bone-marrow-derived EPCs would attenuate the development of smoking-induced COPD in mice. Methods Isolated mononuclear cells from the bone marrow of C57BL/6J mice were cultured in endothelial cell growth medium-2 for 10 days, yielding EPCs. A murine model of COPD was established by passive 90-day exposure of cigarette smoke. On day 30, EPCs or phosphate-buffered saline alone was administered into the trachea. On day 90, EPCs or 30 μL phosphate-buffered saline alone was administered into the trachea, and on day 120, inflammatory cells, antioxidant activity, apoptosis, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9 were measured. Results After EPC treatment, the lung function of the mice had improved compared with the untreated mice. Mean linear intercept and destructive index were reduced in the EPCs-treated group compared with the untreated group. In addition, the EPCs-treated mice exhibited less antioxidant activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with the untreated mice. Moreover, decreased activities of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TUNEL-positive cells in lung tissues were detected in EPCs-treated mice. Conclusion Intratracheal transplantation of EPCs attenuated the development of pulmonary emphysema and lung function disorder probably by alleviating inflammatory infiltration, decelerating apoptosis, inhibiting proteolytic enzyme activity, and improving antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The People's Hospital of Hunan Province
| | - Huihui Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Shan Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University
| | - Chaxiang Guan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya Medical School, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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21
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Progenitor Cells for Arterial Repair: Incremental Advancements towards Therapeutic Reality. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:8270498. [PMID: 28232850 PMCID: PMC5292398 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8270498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary revascularization remains the standard treatment for obstructive coronary artery disease and can be accomplished by either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Considerable advances have rendered PCI the most common form of revascularization and improved clinical outcomes. However, numerous challenges to modern PCI remain, namely, in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis, underscoring the importance of understanding the vessel wall response to injury to identify targets for intervention. Among recent promising discoveries, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have garnered considerable interest given an increasing appreciation of their role in vascular homeostasis and their ability to promote vascular repair after stent placement. Circulating EPC numbers have been inversely correlated with cardiovascular risk, while administration of EPCs in humans has demonstrated improved clinical outcomes. Despite these encouraging results, however, advancing EPCs as a therapeutic modality has been hampered by a fundamental roadblock: what constitutes an EPC? We review current definitions and sources of EPCs as well as the proposed mechanisms of EPC-mediated vascular repair. Additionally, we discuss the current state of EPCs as therapeutic agents, focusing on endogenous augmentation and transplantation.
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22
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Kim JH, Kim GH, Kim JW, Pyeon HJ, Lee JC, Lee G, Nam H. In Vivo Angiogenic Capacity of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth with Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Mol Cells 2016; 39:790-796. [PMID: 27871176 PMCID: PMC5125934 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is a highly vascularized tissue requiring adequate blood supply for successful regeneration. In this study, we investigated the functional role of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) as a perivascular source for in vivo formation of vessel-like structures. Primarily isolated SHEDs showed mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like characteristics including the expression of surface antigens and in vitro osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potentials. Moreover, SHEDs were positive for NG2, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ), and CD146 as pericyte markers. To prove feasibility of SHEDs as perivascular source, SHEDs were transplanted into immunodeficient mouse using Matrigel with or without human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Transplantation of SHEDs alone or HUVECs alone resulted in no formation of vessel-like structures with enough red blood cells. However, when SHEDs and HUVECs were transplanted together, extensive vessel-like structures were formed. The presence of murine erythrocytes within lumens suggested the formation of anastomoses between newly formed vessel-like structures in Matrigel plug and the host circulatory system. To understand underlying mechanisms of in vivo angiogenesis, the expression of angiogenic cytokine and chemokine, their receptors, and MMPs was compared between SHEDs and HUVECs. SHEDs showed higher expression of VEGF, SDF-1α, and PDGFRβ than HUVECs. On the contrary, HUVECs showed higher expression of VEGF receptors, CXCR4, and PDGF-BB than SHEDs. This differential expression pattern suggested reciprocal interactions between SHEDs and HUVECs and their involvement during in vivo angiogenesis. In conclusion, SHEDs could be a feasible source of perivascular cells for in vivo angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Gee-Hye Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Jae-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Hee Jang Pyeon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351,
Korea
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351,
Korea
| | - Jae Cheoun Lee
- Children’s Dental Center and CDC Baby Tooth Stem Cell Bank, Seoul 06072,
Korea
| | - Gene Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080,
Korea
| | - Hyun Nam
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351,
Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351,
Korea
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23
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Mandel ER, Uchida C, Nwadozi E, Makki A, Haas TL. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1 Influences Vascular Adaptations to Chronic Alterations in Blood Flow. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:831-841. [PMID: 27430487 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Remodeling of the skeletal muscle microvasculature involves the coordinated actions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We hypothesized that the loss of TIMP1 would enhance both ischemia and flow-induced vascular remodeling by increasing MMP activity. TIMP1 deficient (Timp1-/- ) and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice underwent unilateral femoral artery (FA) ligation or were treated with prazosin, an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist, in order to investigate vascular remodeling to altered flow. Under basal conditions, Timp1-/- mice had reduced microvascular content as compared to WT mice. Furthermore, vascular remodeling was impaired in Timp1-/- mice. Timp1-/- mice displayed reduced blood flow recovery in response to FA ligation and no arteriogenic response to prazosin treatment. Timp1-/- mice failed to undergo angiogenesis in response to ischemia or prazosin, despite maintaining the capacity to increase VEGF-A and eNOS mRNA. Vascular permeability was increased in muscles of Timp1-/- mice in response to both prazosin treatment and FA ligation, but this was not accompanied by greater MMP activity. This study highlights a previously undescribed integral role for TIMP1 in both vascular network maturation and adaptations to ischemia or alterations in flow. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 831-841, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin R Mandel
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science and the Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cassandra Uchida
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science and the Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Nwadozi
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science and the Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Armin Makki
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science and the Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara L Haas
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science and the Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Zhao G, Li Y, Cui L, Li X, Jin Z, Han X, Fang E, Gao Y, Zhou D, Jiang H, Jin X, Piao G, Li X, Yang G, Jin J, Zhu E, Piao M, Piao L, Yuan K, Lei Y, Ding D, Jin C, Nan Y, Cheng X. Increased Circulating Cathepsin K in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136093. [PMID: 26302400 PMCID: PMC4547812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteinyl cathepsin K (CatK) is one of the most potent mammalian collagenases involved in cardiovascular disease. Here, we investigated the clinical predictive value of serum CatK levels in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We examined 134 patients with CHF, measuring their serum CatK, troponin I, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, and pre-operative N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels. The patients were divided into two groups: the 44 patients who showed a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% (the “lowLVEF” group) and the 90 patients showing LVEF values ≥ 40% (the “highLVEF” group). The lowLVEF patients had significantly higher serum CatK levels compared to the highLVEF patients (58.4 ± 12.2 vs. 44.7 ± 16.4, P < 0.001). Overall, a linear regression analysis showed that CatK levels correlated negatively with LVEF (r = −0.4, P < 0.001) and positively with LV end-diastolic dimensions (r = 0.2, P < 0.01), LV end-systolic dimensions (r = 0.3, P < 0.001), and left atrial diameters (r = 0.3, P < 0.01). A multiple logistic regression analysis showed that CatK levels were independent predictors of CHF (odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.84–0.95; P < 0.01). These data indicate that elevated levels of CatK are closely associated with the presence of CHF and that the measurement of circulating CatK provides a noninvasive method of documenting and monitoring the extent of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in patients with CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Yuzi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Lan Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
- * E-mail: (LC); (XC)
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Zhenyi Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Xiongyi Han
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Ennan Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Yihua Gao
- Department of Clinical Examination, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Department of Central Laboratory, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Haiying Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Xueying Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Guanghao Piao
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Xiangshan Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Jiyong Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Meina Piao
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Limei Piao
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Kuichang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Yanna Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Dazhi Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Chengzhi Jin
- Department of Clinical Examination, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
| | - Yongshan Nan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin P.R., China
| | - Xianwu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, P.R., China
- * E-mail: (LC); (XC)
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25
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Hua C, Zhao G, Feng Y, Yuan H, Song H, Bie L. Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in the Development of Chronic Subdural Hematoma. J Neurotrauma 2015; 33:65-70. [PMID: 25646653 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2014.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is an inflammatory and angiogenic disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has an important effect on the pathological progression of CSDH. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and VEGF also play a significant role in pathological angiogenesis. Our research was to investigate the level of MMPs and VEGF in serum and hematoma fluid. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) shows the characteristics of different stages of CSDH. We also analyzed the relationship between the level of VEGF in subdural hematoma fluid and the appearances of the patients' MRI. We performed a study comparing serum and hematoma fluid in 37 consecutive patients with primary CSDHs using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was assayed by the gelatin zymography method. The patients were divided into five groups according to the appearance of the hematomas on MRI: group 1 (T1-weighted low, T2-weighted low, n=4), group 2 (T1-weighted high, T2-weighted low, n=11), group 3 (T1-weighted mixed, T2-weighted mixed, n=9), group 4 (T1-weighted high, T2-weighted high, n=5), and group 5 (T1-weighted low, T2-weighted high, n=8). Neurological status was assessed by Markwalder score on admission and at follow-up. The mean age, sex, and Markwalder score were not significantly different among groups. The mean concentration of VEGF, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were significantly higher in hematoma fluid than in serum (p<0.01). The level of pro-MMP-2 was higher in hematoma fluid (p<0.01). Measurement of MMP-9 showed both pro and active forms in both groups, but levels were higher in hematoma fluid (p<0.01 and p<0.01, respectively). Mean VEGF concentration was highest in group 1 (21,979.3±1387.3 pg/mL), followed by group 2 (20,060.1±1677.2 pg/mL), group 3 (13,746.5±3529.7 pg/mL), group 4 (7523.2±764.9 pg/mL), and lowest in group 5 (6801.9±618.7 pg/mL). There was a significant correlation between VEGF concentrations and MRI type (r=0.854). The present investigation is the first report showing that the concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 are significantly elevated in hematoma fluid, suggesting that the MMPs/VEGF system may be involved in the angiogenesis of CSDH. We also demonstrate a significant correlation between the concentrations of VEGF and MRI appearance. This finding supports the hypothesis that high VEGF concentration in the hematoma fluid is of major pathophysiological importance in the generation and steady increase of the hematoma volume, as well as the determination of MRI appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Hua
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Yan Feng
- 2 Department of Radiology of the First Hospital, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Yuan
- 3 Department of Immunology, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Song
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, China
| | - Li Bie
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University , Changchun, China .,4 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California , Irvine, California
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26
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Ogino A, Takemura G, Hashimoto A, Kanamori H, Okada H, Nakagawa M, Tsujimoto A, Goto K, Kawasaki M, Nagashima K, Miyakoda G, Fujiwara T, Yabuuchi Y, Fujiwara H, Minatoguchi S. OPC-28326, a selective peripheral vasodilator with angiogenic activity, mitigates postinfarction cardiac remodeling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H213-21. [PMID: 25910803 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00062.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although OPC-28326, 4-(N-methyl-2-phenylethylamino)-1-(3,5-dimethyl-4-propionyl-aminobenzoyl) piperidine hydrochloride monohydrate, was developed as a selective peripheral vasodilator with α2-adrenergic antagonist properties, it also reportedly exhibits angiogenic activity in an ischemic leg model. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of OPC-28326 on the architectural dynamics and function of the infarcted left ventricle during the chronic stage of myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction was induced in male C3H/He mice, after which the mice were randomly assigned into two groups: a control group receiving a normal diet and an OPC group whose diet contained 0.05% OPC-28326. The survival rate among the mice (n = 18 in each group) 4 wk postinfarction was significantly greater in the OPC than control group (83 vs. 44%; P < 0.05), and left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction were significantly mitigated. Histologically, infarct wall thickness was significantly greater in the OPC group, due in part to an abundance of nonmyocyte components, including blood vessels and myofibroblasts. Five days postinfarction, Ki-67-positive proliferating cells were more abundant in the granulation tissue in the OPC group, and there were fewer apoptotic cells. These effects were accompanied by activation of myocardial Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Hypoxia within the infarct issue, assessed using pimonidazole staining, was markedly attenuated in the OPC group. In summary, OPC-28326 increased the nonmyocyte population in infarct tissue by increasing proliferation and reducing apoptosis, thereby altering the tissue dynamics such that wall stress was reduced, which might have contributed to a mitigation of postinfarction cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ogino
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Genzou Takemura
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Asahi University, Mizuho, Japan;
| | - Ayako Hashimoto
- Research Institute of Pharmacological and Therapeutical Development, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kanamori
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideshi Okada
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Munehiro Nakagawa
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akiko Tsujimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuko Goto
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masanori Kawasaki
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kenshi Nagashima
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Goro Miyakoda
- Research Institute of Pharmacological and Therapeutical Development, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takako Fujiwara
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sonoda Women's University, Amagasaki, Japan; and
| | - Youichi Yabuuchi
- Research Institute of Pharmacological and Therapeutical Development, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinya Minatoguchi
- Department of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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27
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Li X, Cheng XW, Hu L, Wu H, Hao CN, Jiang H, Zhu E, Huang Z, Inoue A, Sasaki T, Du Q, Takeshita K, Okumura K, Murohara T, Kuzuya M. Cathepsin S activity controls ischemia-induced neovascularization in mice. Int J Cardiol 2015; 183:198-208. [PMID: 25668148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from human and animal studies has demonstrated elevated levels of the cysteine protease cathepsin S (CatS) in hypoxic atherosclerotic lesions. We hypothesized that silencing of CatS gene would suppress ischemia-induced angiogenic action. METHODS AND RESULTS Left femoral artery ligation-induced ischemia in mice showed the increased expression and activity of CatS in the ischemic muscle. The CatS-deficiency (CatS(-/-)) mice showed impaired functional recovery following hindlimb ischemia and reduced levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), phospho-Akt (p-Akt), p-endothelial nitric oxide synthase, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (Erk1/2), p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins, as well as reduced levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and macrophage infiltration in the ischemic muscles. In vitro, CatS silencing reduced the levels of these targeted essential molecules for angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Together, the results indicated that the effects of CatS knockdown led to defective endothelial cell invasion, proliferation, and tube formation. This notion was reinforced by the finding that CatS inhibition led to a decreased PPAR-γ level and VEGF/Erk1/2 signaling activation in response to ischemia. CatS(-/-) resulted in decreased circulating EPC-like CD31(+)/c-Kit(+) cells, accompanied by the reduction of the cellular levels of PPAR-γ, p-Akt, and VEGF induced by ischemic stress. Transplantation of bone-marrow-derived mononuclear cells from CatS(+/+) mice restored neovascularization in CatS(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS CatS activity controls ischemia-induced neovascularization partially via the modulation of PPAR-γ and VEGF/Akt signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, China
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, China; Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Chang-Ning Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Haiying Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Physiology, Yanbian University School of Medicine, China
| | - Enbo Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Qiuna Du
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takeshita
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kenji Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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28
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Gomez-Rodriguez V, Orbe J, Martinez-Aguilar E, Rodriguez JA, Fernandez-Alonso L, Serneels J, Bobadilla M, Perez-Ruiz A, Collantes M, Mazzone M, Paramo JA, Roncal C. Functional MMP-10 is required for efficient tissue repair after experimental hind limb ischemia. FASEB J 2014; 29:960-72. [PMID: 25414484 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-259689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We studied the role of matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10) during skeletal muscle repair after ischemia using a model of femoral artery excision in wild-type (WT) and MMP-10 deficient (Mmp10(-/-)) mice. Functional changes were analyzed by small animal positron emission tomography and tissue morphology by immunohistochemistry. Gene expression and protein analysis were used to study the molecular mechanisms governed by MMP-10 in hypoxia. Early after ischemia, MMP-10 deficiency resulted in delayed tissue reperfusion (10%, P < 0.01) and in increased necrosis (2-fold, P < 0.01), neutrophil (4-fold, P < 0.01), and macrophage (1.5-fold, P < 0.01) infiltration. These differences at early time points resulted in delayed myotube regeneration in Mmp10(-/-) soleus at later stages (regenerating myofibers: 30 ± 9% WT vs. 68 ± 10% Mmp10(-/-), P < 0.01). The injection of MMP-10 into Mmp10(-/-) mice rescued the observed phenotype. A molecular analysis revealed higher levels of Cxcl1 mRNA (10-fold, P < 0.05) and protein (30%) in the ischemic Mmp10(-/-) muscle resulting from a lack of transcriptional inhibition by MMP-10. This was further confirmed using siRNA against MMP-10 in vivo. Our results demonstrate an important role of MMP-10 for proper muscle repair after ischemia, and suggest that chemokine regulation such as Cxcl1 by MMP-10 is involved in muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Gomez-Rodriguez
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josune Orbe
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Martinez-Aguilar
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose A Rodriguez
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leopoldo Fernandez-Alonso
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jens Serneels
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Bobadilla
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Perez-Ruiz
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Collantes
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose A Paramo
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Roncal
- *Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, and Cell Therapy Area, Division of Cancer, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Vascular Surgery, Complejo Hopitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Small Animal Imaging Research Unit, CIMA and Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Wu H, Cheng XW, Hu L, Hao CN, Hayashi M, Takeshita K, Hamrah MS, Shi GP, Kuzuya M, Murohara T. Renin inhibition reduces atherosclerotic plaque neovessel formation and regresses advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Atherosclerosis 2014; 237:739-47. [PMID: 25463114 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The interaction between the renin-angiotensin system and toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the pathogenesis of advanced atherosclerotic plaques is not well understood. We studied the effects of the renin inhibitor aliskiren on the progression of advanced atherosclerotic plaque in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice with a special focus on plaque neovessel formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Four-wk-old ApoE(-/-) mice were fed a high-fat diet for 8 wks, and the mice were randomly assigned to one of three groups and administered a vehicle, hydralazine, or aliskiren for an additional 12 wks. Aliskiren reduced the atherosclerotic plaque area and plaque neovessel density. It increased the plaque collagen and elastin contents, and reduced plasma angiotensin II levels and plaque macrophage infiltration and cathepsin S (CatS) protein. Aliskiren also decreased the levels of AT1R, gp91phox, TLR2, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and CatS mRNAs in the aortic roots. Hydralazine had no beneficial vascular effects, although its administration resulted in the same degree of blood pressure reduction as aliskiren. CatS deficiency mimicked the aliskiren-mediated vasculoprotective effect in the ApoE(-/-) mice, but aliskiren showed no further benefits in ApoE(-/-) CatS(-/-) mice. In vitro, TLR2 silencing reduced CatS expression induced by angiotensin II. Moreover, aliskiren or the inhibition of CatS impaired the endothelial cell angiogenic action in vitro or/and ex vivo. CONCLUSION Renin inhibition appears to inhibit advanced plaque neovessel formation in ApoE(-/-) mice and to decrease the vascular inflammatory action and extracellular matrix degradation, partly by reducing AT1R/TLR2-mediated CatS activation and activity, thus regressing advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chang-Ning Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mutsuharu Hayashi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takeshita
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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30
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Jiang H, Cheng XW, Shi GP, Hu L, Inoue A, Yamamura Y, Wu H, Takeshita K, Li X, Huang Z, Song H, Asai M, Hao CN, Unno K, Koike T, Oshida Y, Okumura K, Murohara T, Kuzuya M. Cathepsin K-mediated Notch1 activation contributes to neovascularization in response to hypoxia. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3838. [PMID: 24894568 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine proteases play important roles in pathobiology. Here we reveal that cathepsin K (CatK) has a role in ischaemia-induced neovascularization. Femoral artery ligation-induced ischaemia in mice increases CatK expression and activity, and CatK-deficient mice show impaired functional recovery following hindlimb ischaemia. CatK deficiency reduces the levels of cleaved Notch1 (c-Notch1), Hes1 Hey1, Hey2, vascular endothelial growth factor, Flt-1 and phospho-Akt proteins of the ischaemic muscles. In endothelial cells, silencing of CatK mimicked, whereas CatK overexpression enhanced, the levels of c-Notch1 and the expression of Notch downstream signalling molecules, suggesting CatK contributes to Notch1 processing and activates downstream signalling. Moreover, CatK knockdown leads to defective endothelial cell invasion, proliferation and tube formation, and CatK deficiency is associated with decreased circulating endothelial progenitor cells-like CD31(+)/c-Kit(+) cells in mice following hindlimb ischaemia. Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells from CatK(+/+) mice restores the impairment of neovascularization in CatK(-/-) mice. We conclude that CatK may be a potential therapeutic target for ischaemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Jiang
- 1] Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan [2] Department of Sport Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichiken, Japan [3] Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Yanbian University School of Medicine, Jilin 133000, Yanji, China [4]
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- 1] Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan [2] Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan [3] Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin 133000, Yanji, China [4] Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul1 30-702, Korea [5]
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Aiko Inoue
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamamura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Hongxian Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takeshita
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Xiang Li
- 1] Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan [2] Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Jilin 133000, Yanji, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Haizhen Song
- 1] Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan [2] Department of Dermatology, No.3 People Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Masashi Asai
- Department of Molecular Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Nagasaki-ken, Japan
| | - Chang-Ning Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Unno
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Teruhiro Koike
- Department of Sport Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Oshida
- Department of Sport Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Kenji Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 4668550, Aichiken, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Aichiken, Japan
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β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate facilitates PI3K/Akt-dependent mammalian target of rapamycin and FoxO1/3a phosphorylations and alleviates tumor necrosis factor α/interferon γ–induced MuRF-1 expression in C2C12 cells. Nutr Res 2014; 34:368-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Yamada T, Hirashiki A, Cheng XW, Okumura T, Shimazu S, Okamoto R, Shinoda N, Isobe S, Takeshita K, Naganawa S, Kondo T, Murohara T. Relationship of myocardial fibrosis to left ventricular and mitochondrial function in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy--a comparison of focal and interstitial fibrosis. J Card Fail 2014; 19:557-64. [PMID: 23910585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial damage is associated with histologic myocardial fibrosis. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can be used to identify focal fibrosis. We examined whether myocardial fibrosis on CMR and collagen volume fraction (CVF) from biopsies correlated with left ventricular (LV) and mitochondrial function in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty-nine DCM patients underwent CMR, cardiac catheterization, and endomyocardial biopsy. Minimum first derivative of LV pressure (LVdP/dt(min)) was measured as an index of LV relaxation. Mitochondrial RNA expression was also analyzed. For quantitative analysis of myocardial fibrosis, percentage LGE (%LGE) and CVF were calculated. Patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of the presence (LGE group; n = 27) or absence (non-LGE group; n = 32) of LGE. Mean CVF and absolute value of LVdP/dt(min) were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in the LGE group than in the non-LGE group. Multivariate analysis revealed that %LGE was an independent determinant of LVdP/dt(min). The abundance of mitochondrial enzyme mRNA was significantly lower in the LGE group. CONCLUSIONS Noninvasive CMR imaging is more useful in predicting diastolic dysfunction than invasive histologic assessments. In addition, it might indicate mitochondrial dysfunction in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamada
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Hu L, Cheng XW, Song H, Inoue A, Jiang H, Li X, Shi GP, Kozawa E, Okumura K, Kuzuya M. Cathepsin K activity controls injury-related vascular repair in mice. Hypertension 2013; 63:607-15. [PMID: 24343118 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.02141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin K (CatK) is one of the most potent mammalian collagenases. We showed previously the increased expression of CatK in human and animal atherosclerotic lesions. Here, we hypothesized that ablation of CatK mitigates injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. Male wild-type (CatK(+/+)) and CatK-deficient (CatK(-/-)) mice underwent ligation or a combination of ligation and polyethylene cuff-replacement injuries to the right common carotid artery just proximal to its bifurcation, and they were then processed for morphological and biochemical studies at specific time points. On operative day 28, CatK(-/-) significantly reduced neointimal formation and neovessel formation in both single- and combination-injured arteries compared with the Cat K(+/+) mice. At early time points, CatK(-/-) reduced the lesion macrophage contents and medial smooth muscle cell proliferation, the mRNA levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, toll-like receptor-2, toll-like receptor-4, chemokine ligand-12, and the gelatinolytic activity related to matrix metalloproteinase-2/-9. An aorta-explant assay revealed that smooth muscle cell movement was impaired in the CatK(-/-) mice compared with the CatK(+/+) mice. In addition, the smooth muscle cells and macrophages from CatK(-/-) mice had less invasive ability through a reconstituted basement membrane barrier. This vasculoprotective effect was mimicked by Cat inhibition with trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido-{4-guanidino} butane (E64d). These results demonstrate an essential role of CatK in neointimal lesion formation in response to injury, possibly via the reduction of toll-like receptor-2/-4-mediated inflammation and smooth muscle cell proliferation, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for the control of endovascular treatment-related restenosis by regulating CatK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hu
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. or
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Sipos PI, Bourque SL, Hubel CA, Baker PN, Sibley CP, Davidge ST, Crocker IP. Endothelial colony-forming cells derived from pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction are fewer and have reduced vasculogenic capacity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:4953-60. [PMID: 24106289 PMCID: PMC3849673 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-2580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are the only putative endothelial progenitor cells capable of vasculogenesis, and their dysfunction may represent a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pregnancy-related disorder associated with long-term cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine whether ECFCs derived from pregnancies complicated by IUGR exhibit altered vasculogenic potential. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a prospective cohort study; patients were recruited at St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-three women with normal pregnancies and 13 women with IUGR-complicated pregnancies at gestational ages above 37 weeks were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Vasculogenic capacity of rigorously characterized ECFCs was investigated in vivo by measuring blood vessel formation in collagen/fibronectin gels implanted in mice; proliferative, migratory, and chemotactic abilities were assessed in cell culture. Placental uptake of fetal ECFCs, assessed by differences in arterial and venous cord blood content, was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS In vivo, IUGR ECFCs formed fewer blood vessels (P < .001) and capillaries (P = .001) compared with normal pregnancy-derived ECFCs. In culture conditions, IUGR ECFCs had reduced proliferation (P = .01) and migration (P = .007) and diminished chemotactic abilities to stromal cell-derived factor 1 (P = .007) coupled with reduced hypoxia-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 release (P = .02). Finally, in IUGR pregnancies, the number of ECFCs was lower in arterial cord blood (P = .002) and placental uptake of cells was reduced (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS ECFCs derived from IUGR cord blood are rarefied and dysfunctional, resulting in diminished vasculogenic potential; this could be a cause of placental dysfunction in IUGR, with long-term postnatal implications for cardiovascular function in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter I Sipos
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Central Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom.
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Di Q, Cheng Z, Kim W, Liu Z, Song H, Li X, Nan Y, Wang C, Cheng X. Impaired cross-activation of β3 integrin and VEGFR-2 on endothelial progenitor cells with aging decreases angiogenesis in response to hypoxia. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:2167-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lei H, Leong D, Smith LR, Barton ER. Matrix metalloproteinase 13 is a new contributor to skeletal muscle regeneration and critical for myoblast migration. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 305:C529-38. [PMID: 23761625 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00051.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Efficient skeletal muscle repair and regeneration require coordinated remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Previous reports have indicated that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play the pivotal role in ECM remodeling during muscle regeneration. The goal of the current study was to determine if the interstitial collagenase MMP-13 was involved in the muscle repair process. Using intramuscular cardiotoxin injections to induce acute muscle injury, we found that MMP-13 expression and activity transiently increased during the regeneration process. In addition, in muscles from mdx mice, which exhibit chronic injury, MMP-13 expression and protein levels were elevated. In differentiating C2C12 cells, a murine myoblast cell line, Mmp13 expression was most pronounced after myoblast fusion and during myotube formation. Using pharmacological inhibition of MMP-13 to test whether MMP-13 activity is necessary for the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and fusion of C2C12 cells, we found a dramatic blockade of myoblast migration, as well as a delay in differentiation. In contrast, C2C12 cells with stable overexpression of MMP-13 showed enhanced migration, without affecting myoblast maturation. Taken together, these results support a primary role for MMP-13 in myoblast migration that leads to secondary effects on differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqin Lei
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Matrix metalloproteinases: inflammatory regulators of cell behaviors in vascular formation and remodeling. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:928315. [PMID: 23840100 PMCID: PMC3694547 DOI: 10.1155/2013/928315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal angiogenesis and vascular remodeling contribute to pathogenesis of a number of disorders such as tumor, arthritis, atherosclerosis, restenosis, hypertension, and neurodegeneration. During angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, behaviors of stem/progenitor cells, endothelial cells (ECs), and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and its interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM) play a critical role in the processes. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), well-known inflammatory mediators are a family of zinc-dependent proteolytic enzymes that degrade various components of ECM and non-ECM molecules mediating tissue remodeling in both physiological and pathological processes. MMPs including MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, and MT1-MMP, are stimulated and activated by various stimuli in vascular tissues. Once activated, MMPs degrade ECM proteins or other related signal molecules to promote recruitment of stem/progenitor cells and facilitate migration and invasion of ECs and VSMCs. Moreover, vascular cell proliferation and apoptosis can also be regulated by MMPs via proteolytically cleaving and modulating bioactive molecules and relevant signaling pathways. Regarding the importance of vascular cells in abnormal angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, regulation of vascular cell behaviors through modulating expression and activation of MMPs shows therapeutic potential.
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Schuler G, Adams V, Goto Y. Role of exercise in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: results, mechanisms, and new perspectives. Eur Heart J 2013; 34:1790-9. [PMID: 23569199 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
On an empirical basis, exercise has been regarded as a fundamental pre-requisite for human well-being and physical integrity since classical times. Only in the last decades, however, scientific evidence has accumulated proving its role in the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic diseases beyond any reasonable doubt. Few treatment strategies in medicine have been tested so rigorously in large cohorts of patients as regular physical exercise. With the advent of molecular biology, the underlying mechanisms, such as NO bioavailability and mobilization of progenitor cells, could be identified. This enhances our understanding of this therapeutic tool. Unfortunately, the low compliance rate of the patients is the major drawback of the intervention exercise training (ET). The objective of this manuscript is to summarize the current knowledge with respect to ET on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the molecular changes elicited by ET. Finally, we will critically assess reasons why ET as therapeutic option is not as effective at the population level in preventing CVD and what we may change in the future to make ET the most effective intervention to fight the development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Schuler
- University Leipzig-Heart Center Leipzig, Strümpellstrasse 39, 4289 Leipzig, Germany.
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Vasculogenic cytokines in wound healing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:190486. [PMID: 23555076 PMCID: PMC3600243 DOI: 10.1155/2013/190486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds represent a growing healthcare burden that particularly afflicts aged, diabetic, vasculopathic, and obese patients. Studies have shown that nonhealing wounds are characterized by dysregulated cytokine networks that impair blood vessel formation. Two distinct forms of neovascularization have been described: vasculogenesis (driven by bone-marrow-derived circulating endothelial progenitor cells) and angiogenesis (local endothelial cell sprouting from existing vasculature). Researchers have traditionally focused on angiogenesis but defects in vasculogenesis are increasingly recognized to impact diseases including wound healing. A more comprehensive understanding of vasculogenic cytokine networks may facilitate the development of novel strategies to treat recalcitrant wounds. Further, the clinical success of endothelial progenitor cell-based therapies will depend not only on the delivery of the cells themselves but also on the appropriate cytokine milieu to promote tissue regeneration. This paper will highlight major cytokines involved in vasculogenesis within the context of cutaneous wound healing.
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Teraa M, Sprengers RW, Westerweel PE, Gremmels H, Goumans MJTH, Teerlink T, Moll FL, Verhaar MC. Bone marrow alterations and lower endothelial progenitor cell numbers in critical limb ischemia patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55592. [PMID: 23383236 PMCID: PMC3561321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is characterized by lower extremity artery obstruction and a largely unexplained impaired ischemic neovascularization response. Bone marrow (BM) derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) contribute to neovascularization. We hypothesize that reduced levels and function of circulating progenitor cells and alterations in the BM contribute to impaired neovascularization in CLI. METHODS Levels of primitive (CD34(+) and CD133(+)) progenitors and CD34(+)KDR(+) EPC were analyzed using flow cytometry in blood and BM from 101 CLI patients in the JUVENTAS-trial (NCT00371371) and healthy controls. Blood levels of markers for endothelial injury (sE-selectin, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and thrombomodulin), and progenitor cell mobilizing and inflammatory factors were assessed by conventional and multiplex ELISA. BM levels and activity of the EPC mobilizing protease MMP-9 were assessed by ELISA and zymography. Circulating angiogenic cells (CAC) were cultured and their paracrine function was assessed. RESULTS Endothelial injury markers were higher in CLI (P<0.01). CLI patients had higher levels of VEGF, SDF-1α, SCF, G-CSF (P<0.05) and of IL-6, IL-8 and IP-10 (P<0.05). Circulating EPC and BM CD34(+) cells (P<0.05), lymphocytic expression of CXCR4 and CD26 in BM (P<0.05), and BM levels and activity of MMP-9 (P<0.01) were lower in CLI. Multivariate regression analysis showed an inverse association between IL-6 and BM CD34(+) cell levels (P = 0.007). CAC from CLI patients had reduced paracrine function (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION CLI patients have reduced levels of circulating EPC, despite profound endothelial injury and an EPC mobilizing response. Moreover, CLI patients have lower BM CD34(+)-cell levels, which were inversely associated with the inflammatory marker IL-6, and lower BM MMP-9 levels and activity. The results of this study suggest that inflammation-induced BM exhaustion and a disturbed progenitor cell mobilization response due to reduced levels and activity of MMP-9 in the BM and alterations in the SDF-1α/CXCR4 interaction contribute to the attenuated neovascularization in CLI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Teraa
- Department of Nephrology & Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf W. Sprengers
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter E. Westerweel
- Department of Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Gremmels
- Department of Nephrology & Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tom Teerlink
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans L. Moll
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology & Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Sasaki T, Nakamura K, Sasada K, Okada S, Cheng XW, Suzuki T, Murohara T, Sato K, Kuzuya M. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 deficiency impairs aortic atherosclerotic calcification in ApoE-deficient mice. Atherosclerosis 2012; 227:43-50. [PMID: 23312504 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been implicated in the process of vascular calcification. However, the exact roles of individual MMPs in vascular calcification are poorly understood. To study the putative role of MMP-2 in atherogenic calcification in vivo and in vitro, we investigate whether or not MMP-2 deficiency affects aortic atherosclerotic calcification in apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mice and cultured smooth muscle cell (SMC) calcification. METHODS AND RESULTS The area of calcified lesions in aortic intima was significantly larger in MMP-2(+/+) Apoe(-/-) mice at 45 and 60 weeks of age than in MMP-2(-/-) Apoe(-/-) mice. In these aortic calcified atherosclerotic lesions, the expression of type II collagen, osteoprotegerin, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and osteocalcin which are chondrocyte maker and bone-related proteins, was observed. MMP-2 deficiency reduced BMP-2 and osteocalcin expression in aortae in Apoe(-/-) mice at 30 weeks and 45-60-weeks-old, respectively. The expressions of MMP-2 and that of α-SMC actin were observed in chondrocyte-like cells of calcified lesions. Beta-glycerophosphate administration induced calcium deposition in MMP-2(+/+) aorta-derived cultured SMCs, and this calcium deposition was significantly suppressed in MMP-2(-/-) aorta-derived cultured SMCs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that MMP-2 may contribute to the mechanisms of calcification associated with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan.
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Effect of lumican on the migration of human mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells: involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-14. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50709. [PMID: 23236386 PMCID: PMC3517548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing number of evidence shows that soluble factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) components provide an optimal microenvironment controlling human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) functions. Successful in vivo administration of stem cells lies in their ability to migrate through ECM barriers and to differentiate along tissue-specific lineages, including endothelium. Lumican, a protein of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family, was shown to impede cell migration and angiogenesis. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of lumican in the control of MSC migration and transition to functional endothelial progenitor cell (EPC). Methodology/Principal Findings Lumican inhibited tube-like structures formation on Matrigel® by MSC, but not EPC. Since matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), in particular MMP-14, play an important role in remodelling of ECM and enhancing cell migration, their expression and activity were investigated in the cells grown on different ECM substrata. Lumican down-regulated the MMP-14 expression and activity in MSC, but not in EPC. Lumican inhibited MSC, but not EPC migration and invasion. The inhibition of MSC migration and invasion by lumican was reversed by MMP-14 overexpression. Conclusion/Significance Altogether, our results suggest that lumican inhibits MSC tube-like structure formation and migration via mechanisms that involve a decrease of MMP-14 expression and activity.
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Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common vascular disease that reduces blood flow capacity to the legs of patients. PAD leads to exercise intolerance that can progress in severity to greatly limit mobility, and in advanced cases leads to frank ischemia with pain at rest. It is estimated that 12 to 15 million people in the United States are diagnosed with PAD, with a much larger population that is undiagnosed. The presence of PAD predicts a 50% to 1500% increase in morbidity and mortality, depending on severity. Treatment of patients with PAD is limited to modification of cardiovascular disease risk factors, pharmacological intervention, surgery, and exercise therapy. Extended exercise programs that involve walking approximately five times per week, at a significant intensity that requires frequent rest periods, are most significant. Preclinical studies and virtually all clinical trials demonstrate the benefits of exercise therapy, including improved walking tolerance, modified inflammatory/hemostatic markers, enhanced vasoresponsiveness, adaptations within the limb (angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and mitochondrial synthesis) that enhance oxygen delivery and metabolic responses, potentially delayed progression of the disease, enhanced quality of life indices, and extended longevity. A synthesis is provided as to how these adaptations can develop in the context of our current state of knowledge and events known to be orchestrated by exercise. The benefits are so compelling that exercise prescription should be an essential option presented to patients with PAD in the absence of contraindications. Obviously, selecting for a lifestyle pattern that includes enhanced physical activity prior to the advance of PAD limitations is the most desirable and beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Haas
- Angiogenesis Research Group, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Li X, Liu Z, Cheng Z, Cheng X. Cysteinyl cathepsins: multifunctional enzymes in cardiovascular disease. Chonnam Med J 2012; 48:77-85. [PMID: 22977747 PMCID: PMC3434795 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2012.48.2.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Until recently, the role of lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsins in intracellular protein degradation was believed to be mainly restricted to scavenging. However, recent studies have revealed nontraditional roles for cysteine protease cathepsins in the extracellular space during the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Although the precise mechanisms are unknown, data from animal studies suggest that members of the cathepsin family, like other extracellular proteases, contribute to extracellular matrix protein remodeling and interstitial matrix degradation, as well as to cell signaling and cell apoptosis in heart disease. Inflammatory cytokines and hormones regulate the expression and secretion of cathepsins in cultured cardiovascular cells and macrophages. Serum levels of cathepsins L, S, and K and their endogenous inhibitor cystatin C may be useful predictive biomarkers in patients with coronary artery disease and cardiac disease. Furthermore, in vivo pharmacological intervention with a synthetic cathepsin inhibitor and cardiovascular drugs (including statins and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists) has the potential for pharmacologic targeting of cathepsins in cardiovascular disease. This review focuses on cathepsin biology (structure, synthesis, processing, activation, secretion, activity regulation, and function) and the involvement of cysteinyl cathepsins in the pathogenesis of several heart and vessel diseases, especially with respect to their potential application as diagnostic and prognostic markers and drug targets to prevent inappropriate proteolysis in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Prov, China
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Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that primarily degrade components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Remodeling of the ECM by MMPs is important in both physiological and pathological processes, including organ generation/regeneration, angiogenesis, wound healing, inflammation and tumor growth. In the vasculature, MMPs play a role in beneficial processes such as angiogenesis, collateral artery formation and thrombus resolution. However, MMP expression is also implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysms, plaque rupture and neointimal hyperplasia after balloon angioplasty. Here, we review the structure, functions and roles of MMPs in both neovascularization and vascular pathology and discuss the potential of, and challenges that face, adapting MMPs as therapeutic targets in vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne A Siefert
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Cheng XW, Shi GP, Kuzuya M, Sasaki T, Okumura K, Murohara T. Role for cysteine protease cathepsins in heart disease: focus on biology and mechanisms with clinical implication. Circulation 2012; 125:1551-62. [PMID: 22451605 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.066712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Nagoya, Japan.
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Wu X, Li L. Rosiglitazone suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in rat aortic endothelial cells via Ras-MEK1/2 signaling. Int J Cardiol 2012; 158:54-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Saito H, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto H. Diabetes alters subsets of endothelial progenitor cells that reside in blood, bone marrow, and spleen. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 302:C892-901. [PMID: 22159079 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00380.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from the bone marrow (BM) participate in maintaining endothelial integrity and vascular homeostasis. Reduced EPC number and function result in vascular complications in diabetes. EPCs are a population of cells existing in various differentiation stages, and their cell surface marker profiles change during the process of mobilization and maturation. Hence, a generally accepted marker combination and a standardized protocol for the quantification of EPCs remain to be established. To determine the EPC subsets that are affected by diabetes, we comprehensively analyzed 32 surface marker combinations of mouse peripheral blood (PB), BM, and spleen cells by multicolor flow cytometry. Ten subsets equivalent to previously reported mouse EPCs significantly declined in number in the PB of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, and this reduction was reversed by insulin treatment. The PI(-)Lin(-)c-Kit(-)Sca-1(+)Flk-1(-)CD34(-)CD31(+) EPC cluster, which can differentiate into mature endothelial cells in vitro, was the highest population in the PB, BM, and spleen and occurred 61 times more in the spleen than in the PB. The cell number significantly decreased in the BM as well as in the PB but paradoxically increased in the spleen under diabetic conditions. Insulin treatment reversed the decrease of EPC subsets in the BM and PB and reversed their increase in spleen. A similar tendency was observed in some of the major cell populations in db/db mice. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report spatial population changes in mouse EPCs by diabetes in the blood and in the BM across the spleen. Diminished circulating EPC supply by diabetes may be ascribed to impaired EPC production in the BM and to decreased EPC mobilization from the spleen, which may contribute to vascular dysfunction in diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehito Saito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan
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Cheng XW, Huang Z, Kuzuya M, Okumura K, Murohara T. Cysteine Protease Cathepsins in Atherosclerosis-Based Vascular Disease and Its Complications. Hypertension 2011; 58:978-86. [PMID: 21986502 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.111.180935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu Cheng
- From the Departments of Cardiology (X.W.C., K.O., T.M.) and Geriatrics (Z.H., M.K.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology (X.W.C.), Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China; Department of Internal Medicine (X.W.C.), Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Zhe Huang
- From the Departments of Cardiology (X.W.C., K.O., T.M.) and Geriatrics (Z.H., M.K.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology (X.W.C.), Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China; Department of Internal Medicine (X.W.C.), Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- From the Departments of Cardiology (X.W.C., K.O., T.M.) and Geriatrics (Z.H., M.K.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology (X.W.C.), Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China; Department of Internal Medicine (X.W.C.), Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kenji Okumura
- From the Departments of Cardiology (X.W.C., K.O., T.M.) and Geriatrics (Z.H., M.K.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology (X.W.C.), Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China; Department of Internal Medicine (X.W.C.), Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- From the Departments of Cardiology (X.W.C., K.O., T.M.) and Geriatrics (Z.H., M.K.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Cardiology (X.W.C.), Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin Province, China; Department of Internal Medicine (X.W.C.), Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Moebius-Winkler S, Schuler G, Adams V. Endothelial progenitor cells and exercise-induced redox regulation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:997-1011. [PMID: 21091077 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are thought to participate in endothelial cell regeneration and neovascularization in either a direct or an indirect way. The number of circulating EPCs is influenced by many factors like disease status, medication, age, and fitness level and is an independent predictor of disease progression and cardiovascular events. Experimental as well as clinical studies during the last 10 years clearly demonstrated that physical exercise training has a beneficial effect on endothelial function, which is a clear predictive value for cardiovascular mortality. Over the last years mainly clinical studies provided solid evidence for an exercise training induced mobilization of EPCs from the bone marrow, thereby possibly influencing the regeneration of the endothelial cell layer. This review will discuss the mechanisms how exercise induces mobilization of EPCs from the bone marrow with a focus on the influence on the redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Moebius-Winkler
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, University Leipzig-Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany
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