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Miyamura Y, Kamei S, Matsuo M, Yamazaki M, Usuki S, Yasunaga K, Uemura A, Satou Y, Ohguchi H, Minami T. FOXO1 stimulates tip cell-enriched gene expression in endothelial cells. iScience 2024; 27:109161. [PMID: 38444610 PMCID: PMC10914484 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box O (FOXO) family proteins are expressed in various cells, and play crucial roles in cellular metabolism, apoptosis, and aging. FOXO1-null mice exhibit embryonic lethality due to impaired endothelial cell (EC) maturation and vascular remodeling. However, FOXO1-mediated genome-wide regulation in ECs remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that VEGF dynamically regulates FOXO1 cytosol-nucleus translocation. FOXO1 re-localizes to the nucleus via PP2A phosphatase. RNA-seq combined with FOXO1 overexpression/knockdown in ECs demonstrated that FOXO1 governs the VEGF-responsive tip cell-enriched genes, and further inhibits DLL4-NOTCH signaling. Endogenous FOXO1 ChIP-seq revealed that FOXO1 binds to the EC-unique tip-enriched genes with co-enrichment of EC master regulators, and the condensed chromatin region as a pioneer factor. We identified new promoter/enhancer regions of the VEGF-responsive tip cell genes regulated by FOXO1: ESM1 and ANGPT2. This is the first study to identify cell type-specific FOXO1 functions, including VEGF-mediated tip cell definition in primary cultured ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Miyamura
- Divison of Molecular and Vascular Biology, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kamei
- Divison of Molecular and Vascular Biology, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Misaki Matsuo
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamazaki
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shingo Usuki
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, IMEG, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Yasunaga
- Liaison Laboratory Research Promotion Center, IMEG, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Uemura
- Department of Retinal Vascular Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yorifumi Satou
- Division of Genomics and Transcriptomics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ohguchi
- Division of Disease Epigenetics, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Takashi Minami
- Divison of Molecular and Vascular Biology, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
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Chen Z, Zhang W, Wu M, Huang H, Zou L, Luo Q. Pathogenic Mechanisms of Preeclampsia with Severe Features Implied by the Plasma Exosomal miRNA Profile. Bioengineered 2021; 12:9140-9149. [PMID: 34696680 PMCID: PMC8810006 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1993717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage after 20 gestational weeks. It is associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. However, at present, there is no effective prevention or treatment for this condition. Previous studies have revealed that plasma exosomal mirnas from pregnant women with preeclampsia could serve as biomarkers of pathogenic factors. However, the roles of plasma exosomal mirnas in preeclampsia with severe features (sPE), which is associated with poorer pregnancy outcomes, remain unknown. Thus, the aims of this study were to characterize plasma exosomal miRNAs in sPE and explore the related pathogenic mechanisms using bioinformatic analysis. Plasma exosomes were isolated using a mirVana RNA isolation kit. the exosomal miRNAs were detected using high-throughput sequencing and the mirnas related to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways and gene ontology (GO) terms were analyzed using the clusterprofiler package of R. Fifteen miRNAs exhibited increased expression and fourteen miRNAs exhibited reduced expression in plasma exosomes from women with sPE as compared to normal pregnant women. Further, gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed plasma exosomal miRNAs were related to the stress response and cell junction regulation, among others. In summary, this study is the first to identify the differentially expressed plasma exosomal miRNAs in sPE. These findings highlight promising pathogenesis mechanisms underlying preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengying Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Haixia Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Qingqing Luo
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Bertin FR, Lemarié CA, Robins RS, Blostein MD. Growth arrest-specific 6 regulates thrombin-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 through forkhead box O1 in endothelial cells. J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13:2260-72. [PMID: 26414399 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6)-deficient mice are protected against venous thromboembolism (VTE), suggesting a role for Gas6 in this disorder. We previously demonstrated that Gas6 induces forkhead box O1 (FoxO-1) phosphorylation through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt pathway. FoxO-1 regulates the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), a molecule that has been implicated in VTE. OBJECTIVES To assess the role of FoxO-1 in Gas6-dependent VCAM-1 expression. METHODS Thrombin was used to stimulate endothelial cells (ECs). Wild-type (WT) and Gas6(-/-) ECs were transfected with small interfering RNA targeting Axl or FoxO-1, a luciferase-coupled plasmid containing the FoxO-1 consensus sequence, and a phosphorylation-resistant FoxO-1 mutant, or treated with an Akt inhibitor. VCAM-1 mRNA expression was measured by real time-qPCR. VCAM-1 protein expression and FoxO-1 and Akt phosphorylation were assessed by western blot analysis. FoxO-1 localization was assessed by immunofluorescence. Adhesion of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MCs) on ECs was assessed by fluorescence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Thrombin induces both VCAM-1 expression and FoxO-1 phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion in WT ECs only. Silencing of FoxO-1 enhances VCAM-1 expression in both WT and Gas6(-/-) ECs. Inhibition of Akt or FoxO-1 phosphorylation prevents VCAM-1 expression in WT ECs. These data show that Gas6 induces FoxO-1 phosphorylation, leading to derepression of VCAM-1 expression. BM-MC-EC adhesion is increased by thrombin in WT ECs. BM-MC-EC adhesion is further increased when FoxO-1 is silenced, but decreased when FoxO-1 phosphorylation is inhibited. These results demonstrate that the Gas6-FoxO-1 signaling axis plays an important role in VCAM-1 expression in the context of VTE by promoting BM-MC-EC adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F R Bertin
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - C A Lemarié
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R S Robins
- The Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M D Blostein
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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4
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Liu S, Lai L, Zuo Q, Dai F, Wu L, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Liu J, Liu J, Li L, Lin Q, Creighton CJ, Costello MG, Huang S, Jia C, Liao L, Luo H, Fu J, Liu M, Yi Z, Xiao J, Li X. PKA turnover by the REGγ-proteasome modulates FoxO1 cellular activity and VEGF-induced angiogenesis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 72:28-38. [PMID: 24560667 PMCID: PMC4237316 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The REGγ-proteasome serves as a short-cut for the destruction of certain intact mammalian proteins in the absence of ubiquitin- and ATP. The biological roles of the proteasome activator REGγ are not completely understood. Here we demonstrate that REGγ controls degradation of protein kinase A catalytic subunit-α (PKAca) both in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs). Accumulation of PKAca in REGγ-deficient HUVECs or MEFs results in phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of the transcription factor FoxO1, indicating that REGγ is involved in preserving FoxO1 transcriptional activity. Consequently, VEGF-induced expression of the FoxO1 responsive genes, VCAM-1 and E-Selectin, was tightly controlled by REGγ in a PKA dependent manner. Functionally, REGγ is crucial for the migration of HUVECs. REGγ(-/-) mice display compromised VEGF-instigated neovascularization in cornea and aortic ring models. Implanted matrigel plugs containing VEGF in REGγ(-/-) mice induced fewer capillaries than in REGγ(+/+) littermates. Taken together, our study identifies REGγ as a novel angiogenic factor that plays an important role in VEGF-induced expression of VCAM-1 and E-Selectin by antagonizing PKA signaling. Identification of the REGγ-PKA-FoxO1 pathway in endothelial cells (ECs) provides another potential target for therapeutic intervention in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Department of Hematology, Guangdong No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, No.1 Shiliugang Rd, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, China
| | - Li Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qiuhong Zuo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fujun Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingxia Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiang Liu
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China
| | - Lei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingxiang Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Medicine, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Division of Biostatistics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Myra Grace Costello
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shixia Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Caifeng Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lujian Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Honglin Luo
- The James Hogg Research Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia-St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard St., Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Xiaotao Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Fearnley GW, Odell AF, Latham AM, Mughal NA, Bruns AF, Burgoyne NJ, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Zachary IC, Hollstein MC, Wheatcroft SB, Ponnambalam S. VEGF-A isoforms differentially regulate ATF-2-dependent VCAM-1 gene expression and endothelial-leukocyte interactions. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2509-21. [PMID: 24966171 PMCID: PMC4142621 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-05-0962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
VEGF-A isoforms differentially stimulate endothelial VCAM-1 gene expression via an ERK1/2 protein kinase and ATF-2 transcription factor–dependent mechanism. Such signal transduction enables VEGF-A isoform–specific stimulation of leukocyte binding to endothelial cells, explaining how inflammation could be differentially regulated. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) regulates many aspects of vascular physiology. VEGF-A stimulates signal transduction pathways that modulate endothelial outputs such as cell migration, proliferation, tubulogenesis, and cell–cell interactions. Multiple VEGF-A isoforms exist, but the biological significance of this is unclear. Here we analyzed VEGF-A isoform–specific stimulation of VCAM-1 gene expression, which controls endothelial–leukocyte interactions, and show that this is dependent on both ERK1/2 and activating transcription factor-2 (ATF-2). VEGF-A isoforms showed differential ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation kinetics. A key feature of VEGF-A isoform–specific ERK1/2 activation and nuclear translocation was increased phosphorylation of ATF-2 on threonine residue 71 (T71). Using reverse genetics, we showed ATF-2 to be functionally required for VEGF-A–stimulated endothelial VCAM-1 gene expression. ATF-2 knockdown blocked VEGF-A–stimulated VCAM-1 expression and endothelial–leukocyte interactions. ATF-2 was also required for other endothelial cell outputs, such as cell migration and tubulogenesis. In contrast, VCAM-1 was essential only for promoting endothelial–leukocyte interactions. This work presents a new paradigm for understanding how soluble growth factor isoforms program complex cellular outputs and responses by modulating signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth W Fearnley
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Adam F Odell
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Antony M Latham
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Nadeem A Mughal
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United KingdomLeeds Vascular Institute, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander F Bruns
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ian C Zachary
- Division of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Rayne Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephen B Wheatcroft
- Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Sreenivasan Ponnambalam
- Endothelial Cell Biology Unit, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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Dharaneeswaran H, Abid MR, Yuan L, Dupuis D, Beeler D, Spokes KC, Janes L, Sciuto T, Kang PM, Jaminet SCS, Dvorak A, Grant MA, Regan ER, Aird WC. FOXO1-mediated activation of Akt plays a critical role in vascular homeostasis. Circ Res 2014; 115:238-251. [PMID: 24874427 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.303227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Forkhead box-O transcription factors (FoxOs) transduce a wide range of extracellular signals, resulting in changes in cell survival, cell cycle progression, and several cell type-specific responses. FoxO1 is expressed in many cell types, including endothelial cells (ECs). Previous studies have shown that Foxo1 knockout in mice results in embryonic lethality at E11 because of impaired vascular development. In contrast, somatic deletion of Foxo1 is associated with hyperproliferation of ECs. Thus, the precise role of FoxO1 in the endothelium remains enigmatic. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of endothelial-specific knockout and overexpression of FoxO1 on vascular homeostasis. METHODS AND RESULTS We show that EC-specific disruption of Foxo1 in mice phenocopies the full knockout. Although endothelial expression of FoxO1 rescued otherwise Foxo1-null animals, overexpression of constitutively active FoxO1 resulted in increased EC size, occlusion of capillaries, elevated peripheral resistance, heart failure, and death. Knockdown of FoxO1 in ECs resulted in marked inhibition of basal and vascular endothelial growth factor-induced Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that in mice, endothelial expression of FoxO1 is both necessary and sufficient for embryonic development. Moreover, FoxO1-mediated feedback activation of Akt maintains growth factor responsive Akt/mTORC1 activity within a homeostatic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harita Dharaneeswaran
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Md Ruhul Abid
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903
| | - Lei Yuan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Dylan Dupuis
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - David Beeler
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Katherine C Spokes
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Lauren Janes
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Tracey Sciuto
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Peter M Kang
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Shou-Ching S Jaminet
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Ann Dvorak
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Marianne A Grant
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - Erzsébet Ravasz Regan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
| | - William C Aird
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA 02215
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Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 couples cyclo-oxygenase-2 with pro-angiogenic actions of leptin on human endothelial cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18823. [PMID: 21533119 PMCID: PMC3078934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin influences the behaviour of a wide range of cell types and is now recognised as a pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory factor. In the vasculature, these effects are mediated in part through its direct leptin receptor (ObRb)-driven actions on endothelial cells (ECs) but the mechanisms responsible for these activities have not been established. In this study we sought to more fully define the molecular links between inflammatory and angiogenic responses of leptin-stimulated human ECs. Methodology/Principal Findings Immunoblotting studies showed that leptin increased cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression (but not COX-1) in cultured human umbilical vein ECs (HUVEC) through pathways that depend upon activation of both p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and Akt, and stimulated rapid phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on Tyr1175. Phosphorylation of VEGFR2, p38MAPK and Akt, and COX-2 induction in cells challenged with leptin were blocked by a specific leptin peptide receptor antagonist. Pharmacological inhibitors of COX-2, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway and p38MAPK abrogated leptin-induced EC proliferation (assessed by quantifying 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation, calcein fluorescence and propidium iodide staining), slowed the increased migration rate of leptin-stimulated cells (in vitro wound healing assay) and inhibited leptin-induced capillary-like tube formation by HUVEC on Matrigel. Inhibition of VEGFR2 tyrosine kinase activity reduced leptin-stimulated p38MAPK and Akt activation, COX-2 induction, and pro-angiogenic EC responses, and blockade of VEGFR2 or COX-2 activities abolished leptin-driven neo-angiogenesis in a chick chorioallantoic membrane vascularisation assay in vivo. Conclusions/Significance We conclude that a functional endothelial p38MAPK/Akt/COX-2 signalling axis is required for leptin's pro-angiogenic actions and that this is regulated upstream by ObRb-dependent activation of VEGFR2. These studies identify a new function for VEGFR2 as a mediator of leptin-stimulated COX-2 expression and angiogenesis and have implications for understanding leptin's regulation of the vasculature in both non-obese and obese individuals.
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8
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Koai E, Rios TR, Edwards J. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Increases Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Transcription In Huvec Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 1. [PMID: 27695625 DOI: 10.9754/journal.wmc.2010.001111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although it is known that VEGF increases eNOS protein, the mechanisms responsible remain unclear. To determine if VEGF alters eNOS transcription, human umbilical vein endothelial cells were transfected with reporters under the control of the eNOS promoter and stimulated with VEGF165. VEGF significantly increased eNOS-mRNA after 2 hours exposure. VEGF significantly increased eNOS reporter activity as early as one hour (268±32%), but this increase returned to baseline after 6 hours. Using deletion constructs, the VEGF response region was initially localized to within the -722/-494 region. GMSA indicated that VEGF increased DNA binding to both a cAMP-like and AP1-like response elements. Site-specific mutations and heterologous constructs indicated that the site centered at AP1-like site was both necessary and sufficient to meditate VEGF transcriptional activation. These results indicate that VEGF rapidly activates eNOS transcription prior to a rise eNOS-mRNA, an effect mediated by a cis-trans interaction localized to an AP1-like site within the eNOS promoter.
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9
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Heo SH, Choi YJ, Ryoo HM, Cho JY. Expression profiling of ETS and MMP factors in VEGF-activated endothelial cells: Role of MMP-10 in VEGF-induced angiogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2010; 224:734-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Sanada F, Taniyama Y, Iekushi K, Azuma J, Okayama K, Kusunoki H, Koibuchi N, Doi T, Aizawa Y, Morishita R. Negative action of hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met system on angiotensin II signaling via ligand-dependent epithelial growth factor receptor degradation mechanism in vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 2009; 105:667-75, 13 p following 675. [PMID: 19713535 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.202713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Neointimal hyperplasia contributes to atherosclerosis and restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. Vascular injury in each of these conditions results in the release of mitogenic growth factors and hormones that contribute to pathological vascular smooth muscle cell growth and inflammation. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is known as an antiinflammatory growth factor, although it is downregulated in injured tissue. However, the precise mechanism how HGF reduces inflammation is unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the mechanism how HGF and its receptor c-Met reduces angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced inflammation. METHODS AND RESULTS HGF reduced Ang II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell growth and inflammation by controlling translocation of SHIP2 (Src homology domain 2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 2), which led to Ang II-dependent degradation of epithelial growth factor receptor. Moreover, the present study also revealed a preventive effect of HGF on atherosclerotic change in an Ang II infusion and cuff HGF transgenic mouse model. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the HGF/c-Met system might regulate extrinsic factor signaling that maintains the homeostasis of organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Sanada
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamada-oka, Suita, Japan
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Song H, Suehiro JI, Kanki Y, Kawai Y, Inoue K, Daida H, Yano K, Ohhashi T, Oettgen P, Aird WC, Kodama T, Minami T. Critical role for GATA3 in mediating Tie2 expression and function in large vessel endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:29109-24. [PMID: 19674970 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.041145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial phenotypes are highly regulated in space and time by both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. There is increasing evidence that the GATA family of transcription factors function as signal transducers, coupling changes in the extracellular environment to changes in downstream target gene expression. Here we show that human primary endothelial cells derived from large blood vessels express GATA2, -3, and -6. Of these factors, GATA3 was expressed at the highest levels. In DNA microarrays of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of GATA3 resulted in reduced expression of genes associated with angiogenesis, including Tie2. At a functional level, GATA3 knockdown inhibited angiopoietin (Ang)-1-mediated but not vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF)-mediated AKT signaling, cell migration, survival, and tube formation. In electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation, GATA3 was shown to bind to regulatory regions within the 5'-untranslated region of the Tie2 gene. In co-immunoprecipitation and co-transfection assays, GATA3 and the Ets transcription factor, ELF1, physically interacted and synergized to transactivate the Tie2 promoter. GATA3 knockdown blocked the ability of Ang-1 to attenuate vascular endothelial cell growth factor stimulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression and monocytic cell adhesion. Moreover, exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to tumor necrosis factor-alpha resulted in marked down-regulation of GATA3 expression and reduction in Tie2 expression. Together, these findings suggest that GATA3 is indispensable for Ang-1-Tie2-mediated signaling in large vessel endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Song
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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Yang XF, Fang P, Meng S, Jan M, Xiong X, Yin Y, Wang H. The FOX transcription factors regulate vascular pathology, diabetes and Tregs. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2009; 1:420-36. [PMID: 19482711 DOI: 10.2741/s35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A small number of upstream master genes in "higher hierarchy" controls the expression of a large number of downstream genes and integrates the signaling pathways underlying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases with or without autoimmune inflammatory mechanisms. In this brief review, we organize our analysis of recent progress in characterization of forkhead (FOX) transcription factor family members in vascular pathology, diabetes and regulatory T cells into the following sections: (1) Overview of the FOX transcription factor superfamily; (2) Vascular pathology of mice deficient in FOX transcription factors; (3) Roles of FOX transcription factors in endothelial cell pathology; (4) Roles of FOX transcription factors in vascular smooth muscle cells; (5) Roles of FOX transcription factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes; and (6) Immune system phenotypes of mice deficient in FOX transcription factors. Advances in these areas suggest that the FOX transcription factor family plays important roles in vascular development and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammatory cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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The forkhead transcription factors play important roles in vascular pathology and immunology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 665:90-105. [PMID: 20429418 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1599-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor families are a small number of upstream master genes in "higher hierarchy" that control the expression of a large number of downstream genes. These transcription factors have been found to integrate the signaling pathways underlying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases with or without autoimmune inflammatory mechanisms. In this chapter, we organize our analysis of recent progress in characterization of forkhead (Fox) transcription factor family members in vascular pathology and immune regulation into the following sections: (1) Introduction of the FOX transcription factor superfamily; (2) FOX transcription factors and endotheial cell pathology; (3) FOX transcription factors and vascular smooth muscle cells; and (4) FOX transcription factors, inflammation and immune system. Advances in these areas suggest that the FOX transcription factor family is important in regulating vascular development and the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammatory cardiovascular diseases.
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