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Allam RM, El Kerdawy AM, Gouda AE, Ahmed KA, Abdel-Mohsen HT. Benzimidazole-oxindole hybrids as multi-kinase inhibitors targeting melanoma. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107243. [PMID: 38457953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, a series of benzimidazole-oxindole conjugates 8a-t were designed and synthesized as type II multi-kinase inhibitors. They exhibited moderate to potent inhibitory activity against BRAFWT up to 99.61 % at 10 µM. Notably, compounds 8e, 8k, 8n and 8s demonstrated the most promising activity, with 99.44 to 99.61 % inhibition. Further evaluation revealed that 8e, 8k, 8n and 8s exhibit moderate to potent inhibitory effects on the kinases BRAFV600E, VEGFR-2, and FGFR-1. Additionally, compounds 8a-t were screened for their cytotoxicity by the NCI, and several compounds showed significant growth inhibition in diverse cancer cell lines. Compound 8e stood out with a GI50 range of 1.23 - 3.38 µM on melanoma cell lines. Encouraged by its efficacy, it was further investigated for its antitumor activity and mechanism of action, using sorafenib as a reference standard. The hybrid compound 8e exhibited potent cellular-level suppression of BRAFWT, VEGFR-2, and FGFR-1 in A375 cell line, surpassing the effects of sorafenib. In vivo studies demonstrate that 8e significantly inhibits the growth of B16F10 tumors in mice, leading to increased survival rates and histopathological tumor regression. Furthermore, 8e reduces angiogenesis markers, mRNA expression levels of VEGFR-2 and FGFR-1, and production of growth factors. It also downregulated Notch1 protein expression and decreased TGF-β1 production. Molecular docking simulations suggest that 8e binds as a promising type II kinase inhibitor in the target kinases interacting with the key regions in their kinase domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Allam
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical and Clinical Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane, Lincoln, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Gouda
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Nawah Scientific, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Heba T Abdel-Mohsen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Dokki, P.O. Box 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
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2
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Zhang Y, Kang Z, Wang J, Liu S, Liu X, Li Z, Li Y, Wang Y, Fu Z, Li J, Huang Y, Ru Z, Peng Y, Yang Z, Wang Y, Yang X, Luo M. Peptide OM-LV20 promotes arteriogenesis induced by femoral artery ligature via the miR-29b-3p/VEGFA axis. Atherosclerosis 2024; 391:117487. [PMID: 38492245 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Therapeutic arteriogenesis is a promising direction for the treatment of ischemic disease caused by atherosclerosis. However, pharmacological or biological approaches to stimulate functional collateral vessels are not yet available. Identifying new drug targets to promote and explore the underlying mechanisms for therapeutic arteriogenesis is necessary. METHODS Peptide OM-LV20 (20 ng/kg) was administered for 7 consecutive days on rat hindlimb ischemia model, collateral vessel growth was assessed by H&E staining, liquid latex perfusion, and specific immunofluorescence. In vitro, we detected the effect of OM-LV20 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) proliferation and migration. After transfection, we performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ-hybridization and dual luciferase reporters to assessed effective miRNAs and target genes. The proteins related to downstream signaling pathways were detected by Western blot. RESULTS OM-LV20 significantly increased visible collateral vessels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), together with enhanced inflammation cytokine and monocytes/macrophage infiltration in collateral vessels. In vitro, we defined a novel microRNA (miR-29b-3p), and its inhibition enhanced proliferation and migration of HUVEC, as well as the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). OM-LV20 also promoted migration and proliferation of HUVEC, and VEGFA expression was mediated via inhibition of miR-29b-3p. Furthermore, OM-LV20 influenced the protein levels of VEGFR2 and phosphatidylinositol3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and eNOS in vitro and invivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that OM-LV20 enhanced arteriogenesis via the miR-29b-3p/VEGFA/VEGFR2-PI3K/AKT/eNOS axis, and highlighte the application potential of exogenous peptide molecular probes through miRNA, which could promote effective therapeutic arteriogenesis in ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zijian Kang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, China
| | - Sahua Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571300, Hainan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiruo Li
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yinglei Wang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yubing Huang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeqiong Ru
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China.
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Mingying Luo
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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3
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Tamargo IA, Baek KI, Kim Y, Park C, Jo H. Flow-induced reprogramming of endothelial cells in atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:738-753. [PMID: 37225873 PMCID: PMC10206587 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00883-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic diseases such as myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and peripheral artery disease continue to be leading causes of death worldwide despite the success of treatments with cholesterol-lowering drugs and drug-eluting stents, raising the need to identify additional therapeutic targets. Interestingly, atherosclerosis preferentially develops in curved and branching arterial regions, where endothelial cells are exposed to disturbed blood flow with characteristic low-magnitude oscillatory shear stress. By contrast, straight arterial regions exposed to stable flow, which is associated with high-magnitude, unidirectional shear stress, are relatively well protected from the disease through shear-dependent, atheroprotective endothelial cell responses. Flow potently regulates structural, functional, transcriptomic, epigenomic and metabolic changes in endothelial cells through mechanosensors and mechanosignal transduction pathways. A study using single-cell RNA sequencing and chromatin accessibility analysis in a mouse model of flow-induced atherosclerosis demonstrated that disturbed flow reprogrammes arterial endothelial cells in situ from healthy phenotypes to diseased ones characterized by endothelial inflammation, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, endothelial-to-immune cell-like transition and metabolic changes. In this Review, we discuss this emerging concept of disturbed-flow-induced reprogramming of endothelial cells (FIRE) as a potential pro-atherogenic mechanism. Defining the flow-induced mechanisms through which endothelial cells are reprogrammed to promote atherosclerosis is a crucial area of research that could lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets to combat the high prevalence of atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Tamargo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kyung In Baek
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yerin Kim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christian Park
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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4
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Chang FC, Liu CH, Luo AJ, Tao-Min Huang T, Tsai MH, Chen YJ, Lai CF, Chiang CK, Lin TH, Chiang WC, Chen YM, Chu TS, Lin SL. Angiopoietin-2 inhibition attenuates kidney fibrosis by hindering chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 expression and apoptosis of endothelial cells. Kidney Int 2022; 102:780-797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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5
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Wang R, Yang M, Jiang L, Huang M. Role of Angiopoietin-Tie axis in vascular and lymphatic systems and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106331. [PMID: 35772646 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Angiopoietin (Ang)-Tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains (Tie) axis is an endothelial cell-specific ligand-receptor signaling pathway necessary for vascular and lymphatic development. The Ang-Tie axis is involved in regulating angiogenesis, vascular remodeling, vascular permeability, and inflammation to maintain vascular quiescence. Disruptions in the Ang-Tie axis are involved in many vascular and lymphatic system diseases and play an important role in physiological and pathological vascular conditions. Given recent advances in the Ang-Tie axis in the vascular and lymphatic systems, this review focuses on the multiple functions of the Ang-Tie axis in inflammation-induced vascular permeability, vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis, ocular angiogenesis, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis. A summary of relevant therapeutic approaches to the Ang-Tie axis, including therapeutic antibodies, recombinant proteins and small molecule drugs are also discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide new hypotheses and identify potential therapeutic strategies based on the Ang-Tie signaling axis for the treatment of vascular and lymphatic-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Moua Yang
- Division of Hemostasis & Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA02215, United States
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China.
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, Fujian, China.
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6
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Kaloss AM, Theus MH. Leptomeningeal anastomoses: Mechanisms of pial collateral remodeling in ischemic stroke. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1553. [PMID: 35118835 PMCID: PMC9283306 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arterial collateralization, as determined by leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels, is a well‐established vital player in cerebral blood flow restoration and neurological recovery from ischemic stroke. A secondary network of cerebral collateral circulation apart from the Circle of Willis, exist as remnants of arteriole development that connect the distal arteries in the pia mater. Recent interest lies in understanding the cellular and molecular adaptations that control the growth and remodeling, or arteriogenesis, of these pre‐existing collateral vessels. New findings from both animal models and human studies of ischemic stroke suggest a multi‐factorial and complex, temporospatial interplay of endothelium, immune and vessel‐associated cell interactions may work in concert to facilitate or thwart arteriogenesis. These valuable reports may provide critical insight into potential predictors of the pial collateral response in patients with large vessel occlusion and may aid in therapeutics to enhance collateral function and improve recovery from stroke. This article is categorized under:Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Kaloss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Michelle H Theus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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7
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Huang B, Tian L, Chen Z, Zhang L, Su W, Lu T, Yang Y, Hui R, Wang X, Fan X. Angiopoietin 2 as a Novel Potential Biomarker for Acute Aortic Dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:743519. [PMID: 35004874 PMCID: PMC8733161 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.743519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarker-assisted diagnosis of acute aortic dissection (AAD) is important for initiation of treatment and improved survival. However, identification of biomarkers for AAD in blood is a challenging task. The present study aims to find the potential AAD biomarkers using a transcriptomic strategy. Arrays based genome-wide gene expression profiling were performed using ascending aortic tissues which were collected from AAD patients and healthy donors. The differentially expressed genes were validated using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The plasma levels of a potential biomarker, angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) were determined in case-control cohort (77 AAD patients and 82 healthy controls) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic power of ANGPT2 for AAD. Transcriptome data demonstrated that a total of 18 genes were significantly up-regulated and 28 genes were significantly down-regulated among AAD tissues (foldchange>3.0, p < 0.01). By bioinformatic analysis, we identified ANGPT2 as a candidate biomarker for blood-based detection of AAD. The qRT-PCR and protein expression demonstrated that ANGPT2 increased 2.4- and 4.2 folds, respectively in aortic tissue of AAD patients. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that ANGPT2 was markedly increased in intima of the aortic wall in AAD. Furthermore, ANGPT2 was significantly elevated in AAD patients as compared with controls (median 1625 vs. 383 pg/ml, p < 1E-6). ROC curve analysis showed that ANGPT2 was highly predictive of a diagnosis of type A AAD (area under curve 0.93, p < 1E-6). Sensitivity and specificity were 81 and 90%, respectively at the cutoff value of 833 pg/ml. In conclusion, ANGPT2 could be a promising biomarker for diagnosis of AAD; however, more studies are still needed to verify its specificity in diagnosing of AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rutai Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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8
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Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein but Not Its Antisense lncRNA Is a Direct Negative Regulator of Angiogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo via Regulation of the 14q32 angiomiRs-microRNA-329-3p and microRNA-495-3p. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312678. [PMID: 34884485 PMCID: PMC8657689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the 14q32 microRNAs, miR-329-3p and miR-495-3p, improves post-ischemic neovascularization. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) facilitates maturation of these microRNAs. We hypothesized that CIRBP deficiency improves post-ischemic angiogenesis via downregulation of 14q32 microRNA expression. We investigated these regulatory mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo. We induced hindlimb ischemia in Cirp−/− and C57Bl/6-J mice, monitored blood flow recovery with laser Doppler perfusion imaging, and assessed neovascularization via immunohistochemistry. Post-ischemic angiogenesis was enhanced in Cirp−/− mice by 34.3% with no effects on arteriogenesis. In vivo at day 7, miR-329-3p and miR-495-3p expression were downregulated in Cirp−/− mice by 40.6% and 36.2%. In HUVECs, CIRBP expression was upregulated under hypothermia, while miR-329-3p and miR-495-3p expression remained unaffected. siRNA-mediated CIRBP knockdown led to the downregulation of CIRBP-splice-variant-1 (CIRBP-SV1), CIRBP antisense long noncoding RNA (lncRNA-CIRBP-AS1), and miR-495-3p with no effects on the expression of CIRBP-SV2-4 or miR-329-3p. siRNA-mediated CIRBP knockdown improved HUVEC migration and tube formation. SiRNA-mediated lncRNA-CIRBP-AS1 knockdown had similar long-term effects. After short incubation times, however, only CIRBP knockdown affected angiogenesis, indicating that the effects of lncRNA-CIRBP-AS1 knockdown were secondary to CIRBP-SV1 downregulation. CIRBP is a negative regulator of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and acts, at least in part, through the regulation of miR-329-3p and miR-495-3p.
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9
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Nishinaka A, Nakamura S, Tanaka M, Masuda T, Inoue Y, Yamamoto T, Imai T, Hidaka Y, Shimazawa M, Hara H. Excess adiponectin in eyes with progressive ocular vascular diseases. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21313. [PMID: 33484194 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001740rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies are now the first-line treatment for many ocular diseases, but some patients are non-responders to these therapies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the level of adiponectin increased the pathogenesis of retinal edema and neovascularization in the retina of progressive ocular vascular diseases. We examined the role played by adiponectin in two types of cells and animal models which are retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice. Our results showed that an injection of anti-adiponectin antibody ameliorated the retinal edema and ischemia through the depression of the expression level of VEGF-related factors and tight junction-related proteins in the retina of RVO mice. The intravitreal injection of anti-adiponectin antibody also decreased the degree of retinal neovascularization in an OIR mice. In addition, exposure of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells and human brain microvascular pericytes in culture to adiponectin increased both the vascular permeability and neovascularization through the increase of inflammatory factor and the dropout of the pericytes. These findings indicate that adiponectin plays a critical role in retinal edema and neovascularization, and adiponectin is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetic macular edema, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and RVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anri Nishinaka
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Miruto Tanaka
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomomi Masuda
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuki Inoue
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takumi Yamamoto
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takahiko Imai
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yae Hidaka
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Shimazawa
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
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10
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Shimatani K, Sato H, Saito A, Sasai M, Watanabe K, Mizukami K, Kamohara M, Miyagawa S, Sawa Y. A novel model of chronic limb ischemia to therapeutically evaluate the angiogenic effects of drug candidates. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1124-H1135. [PMID: 33481698 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00470.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a severe state of peripheral artery disease with high unmet clinical needs. Further, there are no effective treatment options for patients with CLI. Based on preclinical study results, predicting the clinical efficacy of CLI treatments is typically difficult because conventional hindlimb ischemia (HLI) rodent models display spontaneous recovery from ischemia, which is not observed in patients with CLI. Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel chronic and severe HLI model to properly evaluate the therapeutic effects of drug candidates for CLI. Severe HLI mice (Type-N) were generated by increasing the excised area of blood vessels in a hindlimb of NOG mice. Immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis at 9 wk after the Type-N operation revealed that the ischemic limb was in a steady state with impaired angiogenesis, like that observed in patients with CLI. We did selection of chronic Type-N mice based on the number of necrotic nails and blood flow rate at 2 wk after surgery because some Type-N mice showed mild symptoms. Therapeutic treatment with cilostazol, which is used for intermittent claudication, did not restore blood flow in chronic Type-N mice. In contrast, therapeutic transplantation of pericytes and vascular endothelial cells, which can form new blood vessels in vivo, significantly improved blood flow in a subset of Type-N mice. These findings suggest that this novel chronic and severe HLI model may be a valuable standard animal model for therapeutic evaluation of the angiogenic effects of CLI drug candidates.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We developed a chronic and severe hindlimb ischemia (HLI) mouse model for preclinical research on critical limb ischemia (CLI). This model partially reflects human CLI pathology in that it does not show spontaneous restoration of blood flow or expression of angiogenic genes in the ischemic limb. This novel model may be valuable for therapeutic evaluation of the angiogenic effects of CLI drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiromu Sato
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Incorporated, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masao Sasai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mizukami
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Incorporated, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masazumi Kamohara
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Incorporated, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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11
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Zhong J, Lu W, Zhang J, Huang M, Lyu W, Ye G, Deng L, Chen M, Yao N, Li Y, Liu G, Liang Y, Fu J, Zhang D, Ye W. Notoginsenoside R1 activates the Ang2/Tie2 pathway to promote angiogenesis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 78:153302. [PMID: 32823242 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic angiogenesis is a novel strategy for the treatment of ischemic diseases that involves promotion of angiogenesis in ischemic tissues via the use of proangiogenic agents. However, effective proangiogenic drugs that activate the Ang2/Tie2 signaling pathway remain scarce. PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the proangiogenic activity of notoginsenoside R1 (NR1) isolated from total saponins of Panax notoginseng with regard to activation of the Ang2/Tie2 signaling pathway. METHODS We examined the proangiogenic effects of NR1 by assessing the effects of NR1 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The aortic ring assay and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor (VRI)-induced vascular regression in the zebrafish model were used to confirm the proangiogenic effects of NR1 ex vivo and in vivo. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism was investigated by Western blot analysis. RESULTS We found that NR1 promoted the proliferation, mobility and tube formation of HUVECs in vitro. NR1 also increased the number of sprouting vessels in rat aortic rings and rescued VRI-induced vascular regression in zebrafish. NR1-induced angiogenesis was dependent on Tie2 receptor activation mediated by increased autocrine Ang2 in HUVECs, and inhibition of the Ang2/Tie2 pathway abrogated the proangiogenic effects of NR1. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that NR1 promotes angiogenesis by activating the Ang2/Tie2 signaling pathway. Thus, NR1-induced activation of the Ang2/Tie2 pathway is an effective proangiogenic approach. NR1 may be useful agent for the treatment of ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weijin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Maohua Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenyu Lyu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Geni Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula‑pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Minfeng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nan Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guanping Liu
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Innovative Preparations for Natural Medicine, Guangxi Wuzhou Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd, Wuzhou 543000, China
| | - Yunfei Liang
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Innovative Preparations for Natural Medicine, Guangxi Wuzhou Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd, Wuzhou 543000, China
| | - Jingwen Fu
- The Affiliated High School of South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wencai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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12
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Okyere B, Mills WA, Wang X, Chen M, Chen J, Hazy A, Qian Y, Matson JB, Theus MH. EphA4/Tie2 crosstalk regulates leptomeningeal collateral remodeling following ischemic stroke. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1024-1035. [PMID: 31689239 PMCID: PMC6994159 DOI: 10.1172/jci131493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels play a critical role in cerebral blood flow (CBF) restoration following ischemic stroke. The magnitude of this adaptive response is postulated to be controlled by the endothelium, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain under investigation. Here we demonstrated that endothelial genetic deletion, using EphA4fl/fl/Tie2-Cre and EphA4fl/fl/VeCahderin-CreERT2 mice and vessel painting strategies, implicated EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase as a major suppressor of pial collateral remodeling, CBF, and functional recovery following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. Pial collateral remodeling is limited by the crosstalk between EphA4-Tie2 signaling in vascular endothelial cells, which is mediated through p-Akt regulation. Furthermore, peptide inhibition of EphA4 resulted in acceleration of the pial arteriogenic response. Our findings demonstrate that EphA4 is a negative regulator of Tie2 receptor signaling, which limits pial collateral arteriogenesis following cerebrovascular occlusion. Therapeutic targeting of EphA4 and/or Tie2 represents an attractive new strategy for improving collateral function, neural tissue health, and functional recovery following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William A. Mills
- School of Neuroscience
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology
| | - Michael Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology
| | - Jiang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology
| | - Amanda Hazy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Center for Drug Discovery
| | | | - Michelle H. Theus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology
- School of Neuroscience
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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13
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Nicolini G, Forini F, Kusmic C, Iervasi G, Balzan S. Angiopoietin 2 signal complexity in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Life Sci 2019; 239:117080. [PMID: 31756341 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The angiopoietin signal transduction system is a complex of vascular-specific kinase pathways that plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Angiopoietin1 (Ang1) and 2 (Ang2), the ligand proteins of the pathway, belong to a family of glycoproteins that signal primarily through the transmembrane Tyrosine-kinase-2 receptor. Despite a considerable sequence homology, Ang1 and Ang2 manifest antagonistic effects in pathophysiological conditions. While Ang1 promotes the activation of survival pathways and the stabilization of the normal mature vessels, Ang2 can either favor vessel destabilization and leakage or promote abnormal EC proliferation in a context-dependent manner. Altered Ang1/Ang2 balance has been reported in various pathological conditions in association with inflammation and deregulated angiogenesis. In particular, increased Ang2 levels have been documented in human cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD), including ischemic myocardial injury, heart failure and other cardiovascular complications secondary to diabetes, chronic renal damage and hypertension. Despite the obvious phenotypic differences, CVD and cancer share some common Ang2-dependent etiopathological mechanisms such as inflammation, epithelial (or endothelial) to mesenchymal transition, and adverse vascular network remodeling. Interestingly, both cancer and CVD are negatively affected by thyroid hormone dyshomeostasis. This review provides an overview of the complex Ang2-dependent signaling involved in CVD and cancer, as well as a survey of the related clinical literature. Moreover, on the basis of recent molecular acquisitions in an experimental model of post ischemic cardiac disease, the putative novel role of the thyroid hormone in the regulation of Ang1/Ang2 balance is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Forini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudia Kusmic
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Iervasi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvana Balzan
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via G.Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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14
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Li R, Baek KI, Chang CC, Zhou B, Hsiai TK. Mechanosensitive Pathways Involved in Cardiovascular Development and Homeostasis in Zebrafish. J Vasc Res 2019; 56:273-283. [PMID: 31466069 DOI: 10.1159/000501883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrhythmia are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries and are steadily increasing in developing countries. Fundamental mechanistic studies at the molecular, cellular, and animal model levels are critical for the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. Despite being phylogenetically distant from humans, zebrafish share remarkable similarity in the genetics and electrophysiology of the cardiovascular system. In the last 2 decades, the development and deployment of innovative genetic manipulation techniques greatly facilitated the application of zebrafish as an animal model for studying basic biology and diseases. Hemodynamic shear stress is intimately involved in vascular development and homeostasis. The critical mechanosensitive signaling pathways in cardiovascular development and pathophysiology previously studied in mammals have been recapitulated in zebrafish. In this short article, we reviewed recent knowledge about the role of mechanosensitive pathways such as Notch, PKCε/PFKFB3, and Wnt/Ang2 in cardiovas-cular development and homeostasis from studies in the -zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsong Li
- College of Health Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China,
| | - Kyung In Baek
- Department of Bioengineering,University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chih-Chiang Chang
- Department of Bioengineering,University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Bill Zhou
- Department of Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tzung K Hsiai
- Department of Bioengineering,University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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15
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Shen WC, Chou YH, Huang HP, Sheen JF, Hung SC, Chen HF. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial progenitor cells attenuate ischemic acute kidney injury and cardiac dysfunction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:344. [PMID: 30526689 PMCID: PMC6288873 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. AKI is a serious and costly medical condition. Effective therapy for AKI is an unmet clinical need, and molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between an injured kidney and distant organs remain unclear. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies should be developed. Methods We directed the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells into endothelial progenitor cells (iEPCs), which were then applied for treating mouse AKI. The mouse model of AKI was induced by I/R injury. Results We discovered that intravenously infused iEPCs were recruited to the injured kidney, expressed the mature endothelial cell marker CD31, and replaced injured endothelial cells. Moreover, infused iEPCs produced abundant proangiogenic proteins, which entered into circulation. In AKI mice, blood urea nitrogen and plasma creatinine levels increased 2 days after I/R injury and reduced after the infusion of iEPCs. Tubular injury, cell apoptosis, and peritubular capillary rarefaction in injured kidneys were attenuated accordingly. In the AKI mice, iEPC therapy also ameliorated apoptosis of cardiomyocytes and cardiac dysfunction, as indicated by echocardiography. The therapy also ameliorated an increase in serum brain natriuretic peptide. Regarding the relevant mechanisms, indoxyl sulfate and interleukin-1β synergistically induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Systemic iEPC therapy downregulated the proapoptotic protein caspase-3 and upregulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the hearts of the AKI mice, possibly through the reduction of indoxyl sulfate and interleukin-1β. Conclusions Therapy using human iPS cell-derived iEPCs provided a protective effect against ischemic AKI and remote cardiac dysfunction through the repair of endothelial cells and the attenuation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1092-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ching Shen
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Chou
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Po Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Feng Sheen
- Department of Biotechnology, National Formosa University, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Integrative Stem Cell Center, Department of Orthopaedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 105, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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Yan ZX, Luo Y, Liu NF. Blockade of angiopoietin-2/Tie2 signaling pathway specifically promotes inflammation-induced angiogenesis in mouse cornea. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:1187-1194. [PMID: 28861341 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.08.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)/Tie2 signaling pathway involving in inflammatory angiogenesis. METHODS Three interrupted 11-0 nylon sutures were placed into the corneal stroma of BALB/c mice (6wk old) to induce inflammatory neovascularization. Expression of Ang-2 and Tie2 protein on neovascularization were examined by immunofluorescence. The dynamic expression of Ang-2 mRNA on neovascularization was examined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Finally, the mouse model of suture-induced corneal neovascularization was used to assess the role of Ang-2/Tie2 signaling pathway in inflammatory angiogenesis by systemic application of L1-10, an Ang-2 specific inhibitor. Mouse corneal hemangiogenesis were evaluated by whole mount immunofluorescence. RESULTS Both Ang-2 and Tie2 were expressed on newly generated blood vessels in inflammatory cornea. Ang-2 expression was gradually upregulated around 2wk following injury, which was concurrent with an increased number of blood vessels. Blockade of Ang-2/Tie2 signaling pathway obviously promoted angiogenesis in inflammatory cornea. CONCLUSION Ang-2/Tie2 signaling pathway seems to play an important role during angiogenesis in inflammatory cornea. This may open new therapeutic applications in pathological processes such as corneal graft survival, wound healing and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xin Yan
- Department of Plastic & Burn Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Plastic & Burn Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ning-Fei Liu
- Lymphology Center of Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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17
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Angiopoietin-Tie signalling in the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:87-103. [PMID: 27941161 PMCID: PMC5146956 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells that form the inner layer of blood and lymphatic vessels are important regulators of vascular functions and centrally involved in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. In addition to the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor pathway, the angiopoietin (Ang)-Tie system is a second endothelial cell specific ligand-receptor signalling system necessary for embryonic cardiovascular and lymphatic development. The Ang-Tie system also regulates postnatal angiogenesis, vessel remodelling, vascular permeability and inflammation to maintain vascular homoeostasis in adult physiology. This system is implicated in numerous diseases where the vasculature has an important contribution, such as cancer, sepsis, diabetes, atherosclerosis and ocular diseases. Furthermore, mutations in the TIE2 signalling pathway cause defects in vascular morphogenesis, resulting in venous malformations and primary congenital glaucoma. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of the Ang-Tie signalling system, including cross-talk with the vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) and the integrin cell adhesion receptors, focusing on the Ang-Tie system in vascular development and pathogenesis of vascular diseases.
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18
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BLOCKADE OF ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR, ANGIOPOIETIN-2, REDUCES INDICES OF ARDS AND MORTALITY IN MICE RESULTING FROM THE DUAL-INSULTS OF HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK AND SEPSIS. Shock 2016; 45:157-65. [PMID: 26529660 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated hemorrhagic shock "priming" for the development of indirect acute respiratory distress syndrome (iARDS) in mice following subsequent septic challenge, and show pathology characteristic of patients with iARDS, including increased lung microvascular permeability and arterial PO2/FI02 reduced to levels comparable to mild/moderate ARDS during the 48 h following hemorrhage. Loss of endothelial cell (EC) barrier function is a major component in the development of iARDS. EC growth factors, Angiopoietin (Ang)-1 and 2, maintain vascular homeostasis via tightly regulated competitive interaction with tyrosine kinase receptor, Tie2, expressed on ECs. Ang-2/Tie2 binding, in contrast to Ang-1, is believed to produce vessel destabilization, pulmonary leakage, and inflammation. Recent clinical findings from our trauma/surgical intensive care units and others have reported elevated Ang-2 in the plasma from patients that develop ARDS. We have previously described similarly elevated Ang-2 in plasma and lung tissue in our shock/sepsis model for the development of iARDS, and demonstrated effective reduction in indices of inflammation and lung tissue injury following siRNA inhibition of Ang-2 protein synthesis. In this study we show that Ang-2 in lung tissue and plasma spikes following hemorrhage (priming) and remain elevated at sepsis induction. In addition, that transient inhibition of Ang-2 function immediately following hemorrhage, suppressing priming, but not following sepsis, impacts the development of iARDS in our model. Our data demonstrate that selective temporal blockade of Ang-2 function following hemorrhagic shock priming significantly improved PO2/FIO2, decreased lung protein leak and indices of inflammation, and improved 10-day survival in our murine model for the development iARDS.
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19
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Tan X, Yan K, Ren M, Chen N, Li Y, Deng X, Wang L, Li R, Luo M, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wu J. Angiopoietin-2 impairs collateral artery growth associated with the suppression of the infiltration of macrophages in mouse hindlimb ischaemia. J Transl Med 2016; 14:306. [PMID: 27784306 PMCID: PMC5080762 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), a ligand of the Tie-2 receptor, plays an important role in maintaining endothelial cells and in destabilizing blood vessels. Collateral artery growth (arteriogenesis) is a key adaptive response to arterial occlusion. It is unknown whether the destabilization of blood vessels by Ang-2 can affect arteriogenesis and modulate mononuclear cell function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ang-2 on collateral artery growth. Methods Hindlimb ischaemia model was produced in C57BL/6 mice by femoral artery ligation. Blood flow perfusion was measured using a laser Doppler perfusion imager quantitative RT-PCR analysis was applied to identify the level of angiogenic factors. Results After the induction of hindlimb ischaemia, blood flow recovery was impaired in mice treated with recombinant Ang-2 protein; this was accompanied by a reduction of peri-collateral macrophage infiltration. In addition, quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that Ang-2 treatment decreased monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) mRNA levels in ischaemic adductor muscles. Ang-2 can lead to macrophage M1/M2 polarization shift inhibition in the ischaemic muscles. Furthermore, Ang-2 reduced the in vitro inflammatory response in macrophages and vascular cells involved in arteriogenesis. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that Ang-2 is essential for efficient arteriogenesis, which controls macrophage infiltration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-1055-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Tan
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Yan
- Renshou People's Hospital, Renshou, Sichuan, China
| | - Meiping Ren
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongjie Li
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Li
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mao Luo
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China. .,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China. .,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA.
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20
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Dauwe D, Pelacho B, Wibowo A, Walravens AS, Verdonck K, Gillijns H, Caluwe E, Pokreisz P, van Gastel N, Carmeliet G, Depypere M, Maes F, Vanden Driessche N, Droogne W, Van Cleemput J, Vanhaecke J, Prosper F, Verfaillie C, Luttun A, Janssens S. Neovascularization Potential of Blood Outgrowth Endothelial Cells From Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Failure Is Preserved. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e002288. [PMID: 27091182 PMCID: PMC4843533 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) mediate therapeutic neovascularization in experimental models, but outgrowth characteristics and functionality of BOECs from patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) are unknown. We compared outgrowth efficiency and in vitro and in vivo functionality of BOECs derived from ICMP with BOECs from age‐matched (ACON) and healthy young (CON) controls. Methods and Results We isolated 3.6±0.6 BOEC colonies/100×106 mononuclear cells (MNCs) from 60‐mL blood samples of ICMP patients (n=45; age: 66±1 years; LVEF: 31±2%) versus 3.5±0.9 colonies/100×106MNCs in ACON (n=32; age: 60±1 years) and 2.6±0.4 colonies/100×106MNCs in CON (n=55; age: 34±1 years), P=0.29. Endothelial lineage (VEGFR2+/CD31+/CD146+) and progenitor (CD34+/CD133−) marker expression was comparable in ICMP and CON. Growth kinetics were similar between groups (P=0.38) and not affected by left ventricular systolic dysfunction, maladaptive remodeling, or presence of cardiovascular risk factors in ICMP patients. In vitro neovascularization potential, assessed by network remodeling on Matrigel and three‐dimensional spheroid sprouting, did not differ in ICMP from (A)CON. Secretome analysis showed a marked proangiogenic profile, with highest release of angiopoietin‐2 (1.4±0.3×105 pg/106ICMP‐BOECs) and placental growth factor (5.8±1.5×103 pg/106ICMP BOECs), independent of age or ischemic disease. Senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase staining showed comparable senescence in BOECs from ICMP (5.8±2.1%; n=17), ACON (3.9±1.1%; n=7), and CON (9.0±2.8%; n=13), P=0.19. High‐resolution microcomputed tomography analysis in the ischemic hindlimb of nude mice confirmed increased arteriogenesis in the thigh region after intramuscular injections of BOECs from ICMP (P=0.025; n=8) and CON (P=0.048; n=5) over vehicle control (n=8), both to a similar extent (P=0.831). Conclusions BOECs can be successfully culture‐expanded from patients with ICMP. In contrast to impaired functionality of ICMP‐derived bone marrow MNCs, BOECs retain a robust proangiogenic profile, both in vitro and in vivo, with therapeutic potential for targeting ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Dauwe
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Cell Therapy Department, Center for Applied Medicine Research, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arief Wibowo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann-Sophie Walravens
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristoff Verdonck
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Gillijns
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Caluwe
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Pokreisz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nick van Gastel
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Depypere
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Center for the Processing of Speech and Images, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Maes
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Center for the Processing of Speech and Images, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nina Vanden Driessche
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Walter Droogne
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Cleemput
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Vanhaecke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Felipe Prosper
- Cell Therapy Department, Center for Applied Medicine Research, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain Hematology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Catherine Verfaillie
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Stem Cell Biology and Embryology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aernout Luttun
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Clinical Cardiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Kim SW, Jin HL, Kang SM, Kim S, Yoo KJ, Jang Y, Kim HO, Yoon YS. Therapeutic effects of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells or mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood on infarct repair. Int J Cardiol 2015; 203:498-507. [PMID: 26551883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study sought to systematically investigate the derivation of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells (late EPC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from umbilical cord blood (UCB) and to examine their therapeutic effects on myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS The expression of angiogenic genes was determined by qRT-PCR. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in rats, and cells were directly transplanted into the border regions of ischemic heart tissue. RESULTS Culture of UCB mononuclear cells yielded two distinct types of cells by morphology after 2 weeks in the same culture conditions. These cells were identified as late EPC and MSC, and each was intramyocardially injected into rat hearts after induction of MI. Echocardiography and histologic analyses demonstrated that both EPC and MSC improved cardiac function and enhanced vascularization, although fibrosis was reduced only in the EPC transplanted hearts. Different paracrine factors were enriched in EPC and MSC. However, once injected into the hearts, they induced similar types of paracrine factors in the heart. Transplanted EPC or MSC were mostly localized at the perivascular areas. This study demonstrated that EPC and MSC can be simultaneously derived from UCB under the same initial culture conditions, and that common paracrine factors are involved in the repair of MI. CONCLUSION Late EPC and MSC are effective for infarct repair, apparently mediated through common humoral mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Whan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Lian Jin
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sinyoung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jong Yoo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-sup Yoon
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kolluru GK, Bir SC, Yuan S, Shen X, Pardue S, Wang R, Kevil CG. Cystathionine γ-lyase regulates arteriogenesis through NO-dependent monocyte recruitment. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 107:590-600. [PMID: 26194202 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a vasoactive gasotransmitter that is endogenously produced in the vasculature by the enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE). However, the importance of CSE activity and local H2S generation for ischaemic vascular remodelling remains completely unknown. In this study, we examine the hypothesis that CSE critically regulates ischaemic vascular remodelling involving H2S-dependent mononuclear cell regulation of arteriogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Arteriogenesis including mature vessel density, collateral formation, blood flow, and SPY angiographic blush rate were determined in wild-type (WT) and CSE knockout (KO) mice at different time points following femoral artery ligation (FAL). The role of endogenous H2S in regulation of IL-16 expression and subsequent recruitment of monocytes, and expression of VEGF and bFGF in ischaemic tissues, were determined along with endothelial progenitor cell (CD34/Flk1) formation and function. FAL of WT mice significantly increased CSE activity, expression and endogenous H2S generation in ischaemic tissues, and monocyte infiltration, which was absent in CSE-deficient mice. Treatment of CSE KO mice with the polysulfide donor diallyl trisulfide restored ischaemic vascular remodelling, monocyte infiltration, and cytokine expression. Importantly, exogenous H2S therapy restored nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in CSE KO mice that was responsible for monocyte recruitment and arteriogenesis. CONCLUSION Endogenous CSE/H2S regulates ischaemic vascular remodelling mediated during hind limb ischaemia through NO-dependent monocyte recruitment and cytokine induction revealing a previously unknown mechanism of arteriogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi K Kolluru
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Shyamal C Bir
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport
| | - Sibile Pardue
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Sciences, LSU Health Sciences Center Shreveport, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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Abrupt reflow enhances cytokine-induced proinflammatory activation of endothelial cells during simulated shock and resuscitation. Shock 2015; 42:356-64. [PMID: 25051282 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Circulatory shock and resuscitation are associated with systemic hemodynamic changes, which may contribute to the development of MODS (multiple organ dysfunction syndrome). In this study, we used an in vitro flow system to simulate the consecutive changes in blood flow as occurring during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in vivo. We examined the kinetic responses of different endothelial genes in human umbilical vein endothelial cells preconditioned to 20 dyne/cm unidirectional laminar shear stress for 48 h to flow cessation and abrupt reflow, respectively, as well as the effect of flow cessation and reflow on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced endothelial proinflammatory activation. Endothelial CD31 and VE-cadherin were not affected by the changes in flow in the absence or presence of TNF-α. The messenger RNA levels of proinflammatory molecules E-selectin, VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1), and IL-8 (interleukin 8) were significantly induced by flow cessation respectively acute reflow, whereas ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) was downregulated on flow cessation and induced by subsequent acute reflow. Flow cessation also affected the Ang/Tie2 (Angiopoietin/Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase) system by downregulating Tie2 and inducing its endothelial ligand Ang2, an effect that was further extended on acute reflow. Furthermore, the induction of proinflammatory adhesion molecules by TNF-α under flow cessation was significantly enhanced on subsequent acute reflow. This study demonstrated that flow alterations per se during shock and resuscitation contribute to endothelial activation and that these alterations interact with proinflammatory factors coexisting in vivo such as TNF-α. The abrupt reflow-related enhancement of cytokine-induced endothelial proinflammatory activation supports the concept that sudden regain of flow during resuscitation has an aggravating effect on endothelial activation, which may play a significant role in vascular dysfunction and consequent organ injury. This study implies that the improvement of resuscitation strategies and the pharmacological interference with proinflammatory signaling cascades at the right time of resuscitation of shock patients may be beneficial to regain and/or maintain organ function in patients after circulatory shock.
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Szade A, Grochot-Przeczek A, Florczyk U, Jozkowicz A, Dulak J. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation-induced angiogenesis. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:145-59. [PMID: 25899846 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessel formation is a fundamental process for the development of organism and tissue regeneration. Of importance, angiogenesis occurring during postnatal development is usually connected with inflammation. Here, we review how molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying inflammatory reactions regulate angiogenesis. Inflamed tissues are characterized by hypoxic conditions and immune cell infiltration. In this review, we describe an interplay of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), HIF1 and HIF2, as well as NF-κB and nitric oxide in the regulation of angiogenesis. The mobilization of macrophages and the differential role of M1 and M2 macrophage subsets in angiogenesis are also discussed. Next, we present the current knowledge about microRNA regulation of inflammation in the context of new blood vessel formation. Finally, we describe how the mechanisms involved in inflammation influence tumor angiogenesis. We underlay and discuss the role of NF-E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 pathway as crucial in the regulation of inflammation-induced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szade
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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The angiopoietin/TIE receptor system: Focusing its role for ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2014; 26:281-91. [PMID: 25466648 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) are of fatal consequence for the affected organs, as they provoke a profound inflammatory reaction. This thoroughly destroys cells and tissues, inducing functional failure or even complete loss of organ function. Since I/R is primarily a vascular problem, the interaction between the endothelium and the surrounding environment is of great significance. The angiopoietins (ANG) and the TIE receptors are key players for the vascular homeostasis. This review summarizes biochemical and cellular mechanisms leading to I/R injury. After a brief introduction to the ANG/TIE system, a comprehensive overview of its role for the development of I/R syndrome is given. Finally, current therapeutic approaches to mitigate the consequences of I/R by modulating ANG/TIE signaling are reviewed in detail.
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26
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Li R, Beebe T, Jen N, Yu F, Takabe W, Harrison M, Cao H, Lee J, Yang H, Han P, Wang K, Shimizu H, Chen J, Lien CL, Chi NC, Hsiai TK. Shear stress-activated Wnt-angiopoietin-2 signaling recapitulates vascular repair in zebrafish embryos. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2268-75. [PMID: 25147335 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fluid shear stress intimately regulates vasculogenesis and endothelial homeostasis. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways play an important role in differentiation and proliferation. In this study, we investigated whether shear stress activated angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) via the canonical Wnt signaling pathway with an implication in vascular endothelial repair. APPROACH AND RESULTS Oscillatory shear stress upregulated both TOPflash Wnt reporter activities and the expression of Ang-2 mRNA and protein in human aortic endothelial cells accompanied by an increase in nuclear β-catenin intensity. Oscillatory shear stress-induced Ang-2 and Axin-2 mRNA expression was downregulated in the presence of a Wnt inhibitor, IWR-1, but was upregulated in the presence of a Wnt agonist, LiCl. Ang-2 expression was further downregulated in response to a Wnt signaling inhibitor, DKK-1, but was upregulated by Wnt agonist Wnt3a. Both DKK-1 and Ang-2 siRNA inhibited endothelial cell migration and tube formation, which were rescued by human recombinant Ang-2. Both Ang-2 and Axin-2 mRNA downregulation was recapitulated in the heat-shock-inducible transgenic Tg(hsp70l:dkk1-GFP) zebrafish embryos at 72 hours post fertilization. Ang-2 morpholino injection of Tg (kdrl:GFP) fish impaired subintestinal vessel formation at 72 hours post fertilization, which was rescued by zebrafish Ang-2 mRNA coinjection. Inhibition of Wnt signaling with IWR-1 also downregulated Ang-2 and Axin-2 expression and impaired vascular repair after tail amputation, which was rescued by zebrafish Ang-2 mRNA injection. CONCLUSIONS Shear stress activated Ang-2 via canonical Wnt signaling in vascular endothelial cells, and Wnt-Ang-2 signaling is recapitulated in zebrafish embryos with a translational implication in vascular development and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsong Li
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Tyler Beebe
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Nelson Jen
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Fei Yu
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Wakako Takabe
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Michael Harrison
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Hung Cao
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Juhyun Lee
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Hongbo Yang
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Peidong Han
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Kevin Wang
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Hirohito Shimizu
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Jaunian Chen
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Ching-Ling Lien
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Neil C Chi
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Tzung K Hsiai
- From the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (R.L., T.K.H.), Department of Bioengineering (T.B., N.J., F.Y., W.T., H.C., J.L., T.K.H.), and Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology (K.W., H.S., J.C.), University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA (M.H., C.-L.L.); and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine (H.Y., P.H., N.C.C.) and Institute of Genomic Medicine (N.C.C.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.
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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells improve vascular regeneration and reduce leukocyte-endothelium activation in critical ischemic murine skin in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1345-60. [PMID: 24972742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Stem cells participate in vascular regeneration following critical ischemia. However, their angiogenic and remodeling properties, as well as their role in ischemia-related endothelial leukocyte activation, need to be further elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) in a critically ischemic murine skin flap model. METHODS Groups received either 1 × 10(5), 5 × 10(5), or 1 × 10(6) BM-MSCs or cell-free conditioned medium (CM). Controls received sodium chloride. Intravital fluorescence microscopy was performed for morphological and quantitative assessment of micro-hemodynamic parameters over 12 days. RESULTS Tortuosity and diameter of conduit-arterioles were pronounced in the MSC groups (P < 0.01), whereas vasodilation was shifted to the end arteriolar level in the CM group (P < 0.01). These effects were accompanied by angiopoietin-2 expression. Functional capillary density and red blood cell velocity were enhanced in all treatment groups (P < 0.01). Although a significant reduction of rolling and sticking leukocytes was observed in the MSC groups with a reduction of diameter in postcapillary venules (P < 0.01), animals receiving CM exhibited a leukocyte-endothelium interaction similar to controls. This correlated with leukocyte common antigen expression in tissue sections (P < 0.01) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression from tissue samples. Cytokine analysis from BM-MSC culture medium revealed a 50% reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ) and chemokines (keratinocyte chemoattractant, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) under hypoxic conditions. DISCUSSION We demonstrated positive effects of BM-MSCs on vascular regeneration and modulation of endothelial leukocyte adhesion in critical ischemic skin. The improvements after MSC application were dose-dependent and superior to the use of CM alone.
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Syrjälä SO, Tuuminen R, Nykänen AI, Raissadati A, Dashkevich A, Keränen MAI, Arnaudova R, Krebs R, Leow CC, Saharinen P, Alitalo K, Lemström KB. Angiopoietin-2 inhibition prevents transplant ischemia-reperfusion injury and chronic rejection in rat cardiac allografts. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:1096-108. [PMID: 24708486 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Transplant ischemia-reperfusion injury (Tx-IRI) and allograft dysfunction remain as two of the major clinical challenges after heart transplantation. We investigated the role of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) in Tx-IRI and rejection using fully MHC-mismatched rat cardiac allografts. We report that plasma levels of Ang2 were significantly enhanced in the human and rat recipients of cardiac allografts, but not in the rat recipients of syngrafts, during IRI. Ex vivo intracoronary treatment of rat cardiac allografts with anti-Ang2 antibody before 4-h cold preservation prevented microvascular dysfunction, endothelial cell (EC) adhesion molecule expression and leukocyte infiltration, myocardial injury and the development of cardiac fibrosis and allograft vasculopathy. Recipient preoperative and postoperative treatment with anti-Ang2 antibody produced otherwise similar effects without effecting microvascular dysfunction, and in additional experiments prolonged allograft survival. Recipient preoperative treatment alone failed to produce these effects. Moreover, ex vivo intracoronary treatment of allografts with recombinant Ang2 enhanced Tx-IRI and, in an add-back experiment, abolished the beneficial effect of the antibody. We demonstrate that neutralization of Ang2 prevents EC activation, leukocyte infiltration, Tx-IRI and the development of chronic rejection in rat cardiac allografts. Our results suggest that blocking Ang2 pathway is a novel, clinically feasible, T cell-independent strategy to protect cardiac allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Syrjälä
- Transplantation Laboratory, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, and Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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29
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Chang FC, Chiang WC, Tsai MH, Chou YH, Pan SY, Chang YT, Yeh PY, Chen YT, Chiang CK, Chen YM, Chu TS, Wu KD, Lin SL. Angiopoietin-2-induced arterial stiffness in CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2014; 25:1198-209. [PMID: 24511140 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2013050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of vascular calcification in CKD is not understood fully, but may involve collagen deposition in the arterial wall upon osteo/chondrocytic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Increased levels of circulating angiopoietin-2 correlate with markers of CKD progression and angiopoietin-2 regulate inflammatory responses, including intercellular and vascular adhesion and recruitment of VSMCs. Here, we investigate the potential role of angiopoietin-2 in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness associated with CKD. In a cohort of 416 patients with CKD, the plasma level of angiopoietin-2 correlated independently with the severity of arterial stiffness assessed by pulse wave velocity. In mice subjected to 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy or unilateral ureteral obstruction, plasma levels of angiopoietin-2 also increased. Angiopoietin-2 expression markedly increased in tubular epithelial cells of fibrotic kidneys but decreased in other tissues, including aorta and lung, after 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy. Expression of collagen and profibrotic genes in aortic VSMCs increased in mice after 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy and in mice producing human angiopoietin-2. Angiopoietin-2 stimulated endothelial expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules for monocytes, increased Ly6C(low) macrophages in aorta, and increased the expression of the profibrotic cytokine TGF-β1 in aortic endothelial cells and Ly6C(low) macrophages. Angiopoietin-2 blockade attenuated expression of monocyte chemokines, profibrotic cytokines, and collagen in aorta of mice after 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy. This study identifies angiopoietin-2 as a link between kidney fibrosis and arterial stiffness. Targeting angiopoietin-2 to attenuate inflammation and collagen expression may provide a novel therapy for cardiovascular disease in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Chi Chang
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Chu-Tung Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan; and
| | - Wen-Chih Chiang
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsuan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Chou
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yu Pan
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chang
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kang Chiang
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ming Chen
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Shinn Chu
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwan-Dun Wu
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuei-Liong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;
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30
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Angiopoietins modulate endothelial adaptation, glomerular and podocyte hypertrophy after uninephrectomy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82592. [PMID: 24367525 PMCID: PMC3867364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomerular capillary remodeling is an essential process in the development of glomerular hypertrophy. Angiopoietins, which are important regulators in angiogenesis, plays a role in the development of glomerulus during embryogenesis. Here, we evaluated the influence of angiopoietin on glomerular components and hypertrophy after uninephrectomy in adult male BALB/c mice. The actions of angiopoietin 1 or 2 were systemically antagonized by the subcutaneous administration of antagonists. We observed that the angiopoietin system was activated after uninephrectomy, and that the blockade of angiopoietin 1 or 2 decreased the activation of the angiopoietin receptor--tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domains-2--and attenuated the development of glomerular and podocyte hypertrophy. The increase in endothelial density staining (anti-CD31) following uninephrectomy was also reversed by angiopoietin 1 or 2 blockades. Glomerular basement thickness and foot process width were observed to decrease in the angiopoietin blockade groups. These changes were associated with the down regulation of the expression of genes for the glomerular matrix and basement membrane, including collagen type IV α1, collagen type IV α2, collagen type IV α5, and laminin α5. Thus, angiopoietin 1 or 2 may play an important role in the development of glomerular hypertrophy after uninephrectomy. A blockade of the angiopoietin system not only influenced the endothelium but also the podocyte, leading to diminished gene expression and morphological changes after uninephrectomy.
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31
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Suzuki R, Yamamoto H, Ngan CY, Ohtsuka M, Kitani K, Uemura M, Nishimura J, Takemasa I, Mizushima T, Sekimoto M, Minamoto T, Doki Y, Mori M. Inhibition of angiopoietin 2 attenuates lumen formation of tumour-associated vessels in vivo. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1447-55. [PMID: 23982687 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy, inhibition of a co-operative process with vascular endothelial cells and pericytes could be an effective strategy to treat malignant tumours. Apart from vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) is a promising target of anti-angiogenic therapy. Although inhibition of Ang2 has been shown to decrease tumour size in preclinical and phase I trials, its mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. To elucidate the mechanisms of Ang2 inhibition, we have focused on differentiation of the vessels as well as on growth of the vessels, especially in vivo. L1-10, a selective Ang2 inhibitor was used. The in vitro effects of Ang2 inhibition or addition of Ang2 using HUVECs were also examined. Growth and differentiation of tumour-associated vessels were investigated in xenografts derived from a colon cancer treated by L1-10. Effects of VEGF inhibition were also examined to discriminate Ang2-specific action on the tumour-associated vessels. In vitro studies showed that VEGF enhanced proliferation and tube formation of HUVECs, and caused a significant increase in Rac1 and CDC42 expression when cultured in the collagen matrix gel, whereas neither Ang2 nor L1-10 affected in vitro behaviour of HUVECs or levels of the proteins. In vivo, on the other hand, we found that Ang2 inhibition with treatment of L1-10 dose‑dependently decreased tumour growth. Furthermore, we found that L1-10 treatment extends the tumour-associated vessels whilst it suppressed a sound lumen formation. Histological analysis on xenografts suggests that Ang2 inhibition could have disturbed in vivo vascular differentiation. Our data provide a novel aspect that Ang2 may play an essential role in in vivo vascular differentiation, thus supporting a rationale for Ang2-targeted therapy against colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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32
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Golledge J, Clancy P, Yeap BB, Hankey GJ, Norman PE. Increased serum angiopoietin-2 is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm prevalence and cardiovascular mortality in older men. Int J Cardiol 2013; 167:1159-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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33
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Patel AS, Smith A, Nucera S, Biziato D, Saha P, Attia RQ, Humphries J, Mattock K, Grover SP, Lyons OT, Guidotti LG, Siow R, Ivetic A, Egginton S, Waltham M, Naldini L, De Palma M, Modarai B. TIE2-expressing monocytes/macrophages regulate revascularization of the ischemic limb. EMBO Mol Med 2013; 5:858-69. [PMID: 23653322 PMCID: PMC3779448 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201302752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A third of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) will eventually require limb amputation. Therapeutic neovascularization using unselected mononuclear cells to salvage ischemic limbs has produced modest results. The TIE2-expressing monocytes/macrophages (TEMs) are a myeloid cell subset known to be highly angiogenic in tumours. This study aimed to examine the kinetics of TEMs in patients with CLI and whether these cells promote neovascularization of the ischemic limb. Here we show that there are 10-fold more circulating TEMs in CLI patients, and removal of ischemia reduces their numbers to normal levels. TEM numbers in ischemic muscle are two-fold greater than normoxic muscle from the same patient. TEMs from patients with CLI display greater proangiogenic activity than TIE2-negative monocytes in vitro. Using a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia, lentiviral-based Tie2 knockdown in TEMs impaired recovery from ischemia, whereas delivery of mouse macrophages overexpressing TIE2, or human TEMs isolated from CLI patients, rescued limb ischemia. These data suggest that enhancing TEM recruitment to the ischemic muscle may have the potential to improve limb neovascularization in CLI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish S Patel
- Academic Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, UK
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34
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Hamm A, Veschini L, Takeda Y, Costa S, Delamarre E, Squadrito ML, Henze AT, Wenes M, Serneels J, Pucci F, Roncal C, Anisimov A, Alitalo K, De Palma M, Mazzone M. PHD2 regulates arteriogenic macrophages through TIE2 signalling. EMBO Mol Med 2013; 5:843-57. [PMID: 23616286 PMCID: PMC3779447 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201302695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Occlusion of the main arterial route redirects blood flow to the collateral circulation. We previously reported that macrophages genetically modified to express low levels of prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2) display an arteriogenic phenotype, which promotes the formation of collateral vessels and protects the skeletal muscle from ischaemic necrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that femoral artery occlusion induces a switch in macrophage phenotype through angiopoietin-1 (ANG1)-mediated Phd2 repression. ANG blockade by a soluble trap prevented the downregulation of Phd2 expression in macrophages and their phenotypic switch, thus inhibiting collateral growth. ANG1-dependent Phd2 repression initiated a feed-forward loop mediated by the induction of the ANG receptor TIE2 in macrophages. Gene silencing and cell depletion strategies demonstrate that TIE2 induction in macrophages is required to promote their proarteriogenic functions, enabling collateral vessel formation following arterial obstruction. These results indicate an indispensable role for TIE2 in sustaining in situ programming of macrophages to a proarteriogenic, M2-like phenotype, suggesting possible new venues for the treatment of ischaemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hamm
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
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35
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Critical role of endothelial hydrogen peroxide in post-ischemic neovascularization. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57618. [PMID: 23472092 PMCID: PMC3589391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in angiogenesis in endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro and neovascularization in vivo. However, little is known about the role of endogenous vascular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in postnatal neovascularization. Methodology/Principal Findings We used Tie2-driven endothelial specific catalase transgenic mice (Cat-Tg mice) and hindlimb ischemia model to address the role of endogenous H2O2 in ECs in post-ischemic neovascularization in vivo. Here we show that Cat-Tg mice exhibit significant reduction in intracellular H2O2 in ECs, blood flow recovery, capillary formation, collateral remodeling with larger extent of tissue damage after hindlimb ischemia, as compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. In the early stage of ischemia-induced angiogenesis, Cat-Tg mice show a morphologically disorganized microvasculature. Vascular sprouting and tube elongation are significantly impaired in isolated aorta from Cat-Tg mice. Furthermore, Cat-Tg mice show a decrease in myeloid cell recruitment after hindlimb ischemia. Mechanistically, Cat-Tg mice show significant decrease in eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 as well as expression of redox-sensitive vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in ischemic muscles, which is required for inflammatory cell recruitment to the ischemic tissues. We also observed impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation in resistant vessels from Cat-Tg mice. Conclusions/Significance Endogenous ECs-derived H2O2 plays a critical role in reparative neovascularization in response to ischemia by upregulating adhesion molecules and activating eNOS in ECs. Redox-regulation in ECs is a potential therapeutic strategy for angiogenesis-dependent cardiovascular diseases.
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36
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Lekas M, Lekas P, Mei SHJ, Deng Y, Dumont DJ, Stewart DJ. Tie2-dependent neovascularization of the ischemic hindlimb is mediated by angiopoietin-2. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43568. [PMID: 23049737 PMCID: PMC3458045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The angiopoietins (ANGPT) are ligands for the endothelial cell (EC) receptor tyrosine kinase, Tie2. Angpt-1 is a Tie2 agonist that promotes vascular maturation and stabilization, whereas Angpt-2 is a partial agonist/antagonist involved in the initiation of postnatal angiogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesized that overexpression of Angpt-2 would be more effective than Angpt-1 for enhancing the perfusion recovery in the ischemic hindlimb. Perfusion recovery was markedly impaired in Tie2-deficient animals at day 35 in a model of chronic hindlimb ischemia. Injections of Angpt-2 or VEGFA plasmid at 7 days post femoral artery resection enhanced recovery and improved arteriogenesis as assessed by angiographic scores, whereas Angpt-1 or null plasmid had no effect. In addition, Angpt-2 together with VEGF resulted in greater improvement in perfusion and collateral vessel formation than VEGF alone. Similarly, conditional overexpression of Angpt-2 in mice improved ischemic limb blood flow recovery, while Angpt-1 overexpression was ineffective. These data from Tie2 heterozygote deficient mice demonstrate, for the first time, the importance of the Tie2 pathway in spontaneous neovascularization in response to chronic hindlimb ischemia. Moreover, they show that overexpression of the partial agonist, Angpt-2, but not Angpt-1, enhanced ischemic hind limb perfusion recovery and collateralization, suggesting that a coordinated sequence antagonist and agonist activity is required for effective therapeutic revascularization.
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MESH Headings
- Angiopoietin-1/genetics
- Angiopoietin-1/metabolism
- Angiopoietin-2/genetics
- Angiopoietin-2/metabolism
- Animals
- Cytomegalovirus/genetics
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genetic Therapy
- Genetic Vectors
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Hindlimb/metabolism
- Hindlimb/pathology
- Humans
- Injections, Intramuscular
- Ischemia/genetics
- Ischemia/metabolism
- Ischemia/pathology
- Ischemia/therapy
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, TIE-2/agonists
- Receptor, TIE-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, TIE-2/deficiency
- Receptor, TIE-2/genetics
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lekas
- The Terrence Donnelly Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Poli Lekas
- The Terrence Donnelly Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H. J. Mei
- The Terrence Donnelly Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yupu Deng
- The Terrence Donnelly Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel J. Dumont
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Research, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J. Stewart
- The Terrence Donnelly Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and the University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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37
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Kim BH, Ko YG, Her AY, Kim JS, Hwang KC, Shin DH, Kim BK, Choi D, Ha JW, Hong MK, Jang Y. Serial plasma levels of angiogenic factors in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Korean Circ J 2012; 42:464-70. [PMID: 22870080 PMCID: PMC3409395 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2012.42.7.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients with acute myocardial infarction show varying degrees of collateral development. However, the relationships between angiogenic factors and degree of collaterals are not well known. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Fifty-nine patients (mean age, 59±10 years) with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients were divided into one of 2 groups: group I (Rentrop collateral grade 0/1, n=34) or group II (grade 2/3, n=25). Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble VEGF receptor (sFlt-1), angiopoietin (Ang)-2, and soluble Tie-2 at baseline, 24 and 48 hours after PCI were measured. RESULTS There were fewer diabetic patients and higher incidence of previous angina and multi-vessel disease in group II. Group II had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction and a trend toward longer pain-to-balloon time. Plasma levels of Ang-2, sFlt-1 were elevated prior to primary PCI and decreased after PCI, whereas plasma level of VEGF was relatively low initially, however rose after PCI. sTie-2 levels showed no significant interval change in group I, but decreased over time in group II. VEGF, sFlt-1, and Tie-2 levels did not differ between the groups at each time point. However, plasma levels of Ang-2 were higher in group I than in group II at baseline and at 48 hours. CONCLUSION Presence of collaterals in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI was associated with lesser rise in Ang-2 plasma level. VEGF showed a delayed response to acute ischemia compared to Ang-2. Clinical implications of our findings need to be investigated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hyun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea
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38
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D’Souza SS, Scherzinger-Laude K, Simon M, Salimath BP, Rössler J. Angiopoietin-2 inhibition using siRNA or the peptide antagonist L1–10 results in antitumor activity in human neuroblastoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012; 138:2017-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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39
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van Hinsbergh VWM. Tie2 lineage deletion of 6 integrin: endothelial and haematopoietic cells in neovascularization. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 95:5-6. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Skuli N, Majmundar AJ, Krock BL, Mesquita RC, Mathew LK, Quinn ZL, Runge A, Liu L, Kim MN, Liang J, Schenkel S, Yodh AG, Keith B, Simon MC. Endothelial HIF-2α regulates murine pathological angiogenesis and revascularization processes. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:1427-43. [PMID: 22426208 PMCID: PMC3314446 DOI: 10.1172/jci57322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized tissue hypoxia is a consequence of vascular compromise or rapid cellular proliferation and is a potent inducer of compensatory angiogenesis. The oxygen-responsive transcriptional regulator hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) is highly expressed in vascular ECs and, along with HIF-1α, activates expression of target genes whose products modulate vascular functions and angiogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which HIF-2α regulates EC function and tissue perfusion under physiological and pathological conditions are poorly understood. Using mice in which Hif2a was specifically deleted in ECs, we demonstrate here that HIF-2α expression is required for angiogenic responses during hindlimb ischemia and for the growth of autochthonous skin tumors. EC-specific Hif2a deletion resulted in increased vessel formation in both models; however, these vessels failed to undergo proper arteriogenesis, resulting in poor perfusion. Analysis of cultured HIF-2α-deficient ECs revealed cell-autonomous increases in migration, invasion, and morphogenetic activity, which correlated with HIF-2α-dependent expression of specific angiogenic factors, including delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4), a Notch ligand, and angiopoietin 2. By stimulating Dll4 signaling in cultured ECs or restoring Dll4 expression in ischemic muscle tissue, we rescued most of the HIF-2α-dependent EC phenotypes in vitro and in vivo, emphasizing the critical role of Dll4/Notch signaling as a downstream target of HIF-2α in ECs. These results indicate that HIF-1α and HIF-2α fulfill complementary, but largely nonoverlapping, essential functions in pathophysiological angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Angiopoietin-2/genetics
- Angiopoietin-2/physiology
- Animals
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/deficiency
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/physiology
- Calcium-Binding Proteins
- Cell Hypoxia
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured/cytology
- Collateral Circulation/physiology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/deficiency
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/physiology
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/physiology
- Ischemia/physiopathology
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/physiopathology
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology
- Receptors, Notch/physiology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Recovery of Function
- Skin Neoplasms/blood supply
- Skin Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Wound Healing/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Skuli
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amar J. Majmundar
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bryan L. Krock
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rickson C. Mesquita
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lijoy K. Mathew
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary L. Quinn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anja Runge
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Liping Liu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Meeri N. Kim
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jiaming Liang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven Schenkel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian Keith
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M. Celeste Simon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute,
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute,
School of Medicine,
Department of Physics and Astronomy,
Department of Cancer Biology, and
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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41
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Zhang J, Modi Y, Yarovinsky T, Yu J, Collinge M, Kyriakides T, Zhu Y, Sessa WC, Pardi R, Bender JR. Macrophage β2 integrin-mediated, HuR-dependent stabilization of angiogenic factor-encoding mRNAs in inflammatory angiogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1751-60. [PMID: 22322302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
HuR is a member of the Drosophila Elav protein family that binds mRNA degradation sequences and prevents RNase-mediated degradation. Such HuR-mediated mRNA stabilization, which is stimulated by integrin engagement and is controlled at the level of HuR nuclear export, is critically involved in T-cell cytokine production. However, HuR's role in macrophage soluble factor production, in particular in response to angiogenic stimuli, has not yet been established. We show that the labile transcripts that encode vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 are stabilized when murine macrophages adhere to the β(2) integrin ligand intercellular adhesion molecule-1. This mRNA stabilization response was absent in bone marrow-derived macrophages obtained from conditional macrophage-specific HuR knockout mice. The microvascular angiogenic response to an inflammatory stimulus (ie, subcutaneous polyvinyl alcohol sponge implantation) was markedly diminished in these macrophage HuR knockout mice despite the equal levels of macrophage localization to those observed in littermate wild-type controls. Furthermore, blood flow recovery and ischemic muscle neovascularization after femoral artery ligation were impaired in the conditional macrophage-specific HuR knockout mice. These results demonstrate that dynamic effects on mRNA, mediated by the RNA-binding and RNA-stabilizing protein HuR, are required for macrophage production of angiogenic factors, which play critical roles in the neovascular responses to a variety of stimuli, including tissue ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiange Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Foundation Cardiovascular Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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42
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Navid F, Kolbe L, Stäb F, Korff T, Neufang G. UV radiation induces the release of angiopoietin-2 from dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Exp Dermatol 2011; 21:147-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01416.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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43
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Yan ZX, Jiang ZH, Liu NF. Angiopoietin-2 promotes inflammatory lymphangiogenesis and its effect can be blocked by the specific inhibitor L1-10. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 302:H215-23. [PMID: 22058148 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00895.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiopoietin (Ang)-2, a ligand of the receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2, is known to be involved in the regulation of embryonic lymphangiogenesis. However, the role of Ang-2 in postnatal pathological lymphangiogenesis, such as inflammation, is largely unknown. We used a combination of imaging, molecular, and cellular approaches to investigate whether Ang-2 is involved in inflammatory lymphangiogenesis. We observed strong and continuous expression of Ang-2 on newly generated lymphatic vessels for 2 wk in sutured corneas of BALB/c mice. This expression was concurrent with an increased number of lymphatic vessels. TNF-α expression also increased, with peak TNF-α expression occurring before peak Ang-2 expression was reached. In vitro experiments showed that TNF-α stimulates Ang-2 and Tie2 and ICAM-1 expression on human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs). Ang-2 alone did not affect the biological behavior of LECs, whereas Ang-2 combined with TNF-α significantly promoted the proliferation of LECs but not BECs. In mouse models, blockade of Ang-2 with L1-10, an Ang-2-specific inhibitor, significantly inhibited lymphangiogenesis but promoted angiogenesis. These results clearly indicate that Ang-2 acts as a crucial regulator of inflammatory lymphangiogenesis by sensitizing the lymphatic vasculature to inflammatory stimuli, thereby directly promoting lymphangiogenesis. The involvement of Ang-2 in inflammatory lymphangiogenesis provides a strong rationale for the exploitation of anti-Ang-2 treatment in the prevention and treatment of tumor metastasis and transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xin Yan
- Lymphology Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, China
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44
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Hodara R, Weiss D, Joseph G, Velasquez-Castano JC, Landázuri N, Han JW, Yoon YS, Taylor WR. Overexpression of catalase in myeloid cells causes impaired postischemic neovascularization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:2203-9. [PMID: 21799178 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.111.233247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myeloid lineage cells (MLCs) such as macrophages are known to play a key role in postischemic neovascularization. However, the role of MLC-derived reactive oxygen species in this process and their specific chemical identity remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Transgenic mice with MLC-specific overexpression of catalase (Tg(Cat-MLC) mice) were created on a C57BL/6 background. Macrophage catalase activity was increased 3.4-fold compared with wild-type mice. After femoral artery ligation, laser Doppler perfusion imaging revealed impaired perfusion recovery in Tg(Cat-MLC) mice. This was associated with fewer collateral vessels, as assessed by microcomputed tomography angiography, and decreased capillary density. Impaired functional recovery of the ischemic limb was also evidenced by a 50% reduction in spontaneous running activity. The deficient neovascularization was associated with a blunted inflammatory response, characterized by decreased macrophage infiltration of ischemic tissues, and lower mRNA levels of inflammatory markers, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, osteopontin, and matrix mettaloproteinase-9. In vitro macrophage migration was impaired in Tg(Cat-MLC) mice, suggesting a role for H(2)O(2) in regulating the ability of macrophages to infiltrate ischemic tissues. CONCLUSIONS MLC-derived H(2)O(2) plays a key role in promoting neovascularization in response to ischemia and is a necessary factor for the development of ischemia-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Hodara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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45
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Morrissey C, Dowell A, Koreckij TD, Nguyen H, Lakely B, Fanslow WC, True LD, Corey E, Vessella RL. Inhibition of angiopoietin-2 in LuCaP 23.1 prostate cancer tumors decreases tumor growth and viability. Prostate 2010; 70:1799-808. [PMID: 20583134 PMCID: PMC3104406 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiopoietin-2 is expressed in prostate cancer (PCa) bone, liver, and lymph node metastases, whereas, its competitor angiopoietin-1 has limited expression in these tissues. Therefore, we hypothesized that the inhibition of angiopoietin-2 activity in PCa will impede angiogenesis, tumor growth, and alter bone response in vivo. METHODS To test our hypothesis we used L1-10, a peptide-Fc fusion that inhibits interactions between angiopoietin-2 and its receptor tie2. We blocked angiopoietin-2 activity using L1-10 in established subcutaneous and intra-tibial LuCaP 23.1 xenografts. We then determined the effect of L1-10 on survival, tumor growth, serum PSA, proliferation, microvessel density, and angiogenesis-associated gene expression in subcutaneous tumors. We also determined serum PSA, tumor area, and bone response in intra-tibial tumors. RESULTS The administration of L1-10 decreased tumor volume and serum PSA, and increased survival in SCID mice bearing subcutaneous LuCaP 23.1 tumors. Histomorphometric analysis, showed a further significant decrease in tumor epithelial area within the L1-10 treated LuCaP 23.1 subcutaneous tumors (P=0.0063). There was also a significant decrease in cell proliferation (P=0.012), microvessel density (P=0.012), and a significant increase in ANGPT-2 and HIF-1α mRNA expression (P≤0.05) associated with L1-10 treatment. Alternatively, in LuCaP 23.1 intra-tibial tumors L1-10 treatment did not significantly change serum PSA, tumor area or bone response. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that inhibiting angiopoietin-2 activity impedes angiogenesis and growth of LuCaP 23.1 PCa xenografts. Based on these data, we hypothesize that angiopoietin-2 inhibition in combination with other therapies may represent a potential therapy for patients with metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Ni CW, Qiu H, Rezvan A, Kwon K, Nam D, Son DJ, Visvader JE, Jo H. Discovery of novel mechanosensitive genes in vivo using mouse carotid artery endothelium exposed to disturbed flow. Blood 2010; 116:e66-73. [PMID: 20551377 PMCID: PMC2974596 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-04-278192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that disturbed flow caused by a partial ligation of mouse carotid artery rapidly induces atherosclerosis. Here, we identified mechanosensitive genes in vivo through a genome-wide microarray study using mouse endothelial RNAs isolated from the flow-disturbed left and the undisturbed right common carotid artery. We found 62 and 523 genes that changed significantly by 12 hours and 48 hours after ligation, respectively. The results were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction for 44 of 46 tested genes. This array study discovered numerous novel mechanosensitive genes, including Lmo4, klk10, and dhh, while confirming well-known ones, such as Klf2, eNOS, and BMP4. Four genes were further validated for protein, including LMO4, which showed higher expression in mouse aortic arch and in human coronary endothelium in an asymmetric pattern. Comparison of in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro endothelial gene expression profiles indicates that numerous in vivo mechanosensitive genes appear to be lost or dysregulated during culture. Gene ontology analyses show that disturbed flow regulates genes involved in cell proliferation and morphology by 12 hours, followed by inflammatory and immune responses by 48 hours. Determining the functional importance of these novel mechanosensitive genes may provide important insights into understanding vascular biology and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wen Ni
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Onimaru M, Yonemitsu Y, Suzuki H, Fujii T, Sueishi K. An Autocrine Linkage Between Matrix Metalloproteinase-14 and Tie-2 Via Ectodomain Shedding Modulates Angiopoietin-1–Dependent Function in Endothelial Cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:818-26. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.201111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
The angiopoietin (Ang)–Tie-2 system plays a critical role during fetal and adult angiogenesis. Herein, we explored the Tie-2 shedding–related molecular mechanisms and the pathophysiological significance.
Methods and Results—
By using a mouse hindlimb ischemia model, we observed dissociated expression between the full-length Tie-2 (fTie-2) protein and Tie-2 mRNA in thigh muscles 1 day after an ischemic operation, suggesting that fTie-2 expression was modified through the posttranscriptional regulation in vivo. A soluble form of Tie-2 produced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells was dramatically suppressed by treatment with siRNA–matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 14 or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3, resulting in an increase in cellular fTie-2 and thereby enhancing Ang-1–dependent Akt phosphorylation and Akt-dependent endothelial functions, such as Ang-2 downregulation or an increase of endothelial viability. Phorbol-12-myristate-13 acetate (PMA) upregulates MMP-14 mRNA via protein kinase C–extracellular signal–regulated kinase pathways, and enhanced soluble Tie-2 production in an MMP-14–dependent manner, resulting in a reduction of cellular fTie-2. In addition, the PMA-induced soluble Tie-2 was mediated by the protein kinase C–extracellular signal–regulated kinase signaling pathways. Finally, downregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 and upregulation of MMP-14 mRNA were confirmed in ischemic thigh muscles 1 day after the operation.
Conclusion—
An autocrine linkage between the endothelial protein kinase C–MMP-14 axis and Tie-2 shedding was shown to be a novel regulatory mechanism for the Ang–Tie-2 system and may play a role in modulating endothelial function during angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuho Onimaru
- From the Division of Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology (M.O., H.S., and K.S.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; the Department of Gene Therapy (Y.Y.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; and the Department of General Surgical Science (T.F.), Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yonemitsu
- From the Division of Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology (M.O., H.S., and K.S.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; the Department of Gene Therapy (Y.Y.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; and the Department of General Surgical Science (T.F.), Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hanako Suzuki
- From the Division of Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology (M.O., H.S., and K.S.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; the Department of Gene Therapy (Y.Y.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; and the Department of General Surgical Science (T.F.), Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- From the Division of Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology (M.O., H.S., and K.S.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; the Department of Gene Therapy (Y.Y.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; and the Department of General Surgical Science (T.F.), Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Katsuo Sueishi
- From the Division of Pathophysiological and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology (M.O., H.S., and K.S.), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; the Department of Gene Therapy (Y.Y.), Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan; and the Department of General Surgical Science (T.F.), Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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Abstract
Therapeutic vascularization remains a significant challenge in regenerative medicine applications. Whether the goal is to induce vascular growth in ischemic tissue or scale up tissue-engineered constructs, the ability to induce the growth of patent, stable vasculature is a critical obstacle. We engineered polyethylene glycol-based bioartificial hydrogel matrices presenting protease-degradable sites, cell-adhesion motifs, and growth factors to induce the growth of vasculature in vivo. Compared to injection of soluble VEGF, these matrices delivered sustained in vivo levels of VEGF over 2 weeks as the matrix degraded. When implanted subcutaneously in rats, degradable constructs containing VEGF and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide induced a significant number of vessels to grow into the implant at 2 weeks with increasing vessel density at 4 weeks. The mechanism of enhanced vascularization is likely cell-demanded release of VEGF, as the hydrogels may degrade substantially within 2 weeks. In a mouse model of hind-limb ischemia, delivery of these matrices resulted in significantly increased rate of reperfusion. These results support the application of engineered bioartificial matrices to promote vascularization for directed regenerative therapies.
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Iliescu R, Fernandez SR, Kelsen S, Maric C, Chade AR. Role of renal microcirculation in experimental renovascular disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 25:1079-87. [PMID: 19934087 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfp605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal artery stenosis (RAS) causes renal injury partly via microvascular (MV) endothelial dysfunction and damage. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial for preservation of microvasculature and promotes vascular proliferation and endothelial repair. We have previously shown that MV rarefaction is associated with decreased VEGF in the kidney exposed to chronic RAS, accompanied by deteriorated renal function and fibrosis. We hypothesized that preserving the renal microcirculation in the stenotic kidney will halt the progression of renal damage. METHODS Unilateral RAS was induced in 16 pigs. In eight, VEGF (0.05 micrograms/kg) was infused intra-renally at the onset of RAS. After 6 weeks, single-kidney haemodynamics and function were assessed using in vivo multi-detector computed tomography (CT). Renal microvessels, angiogenic pathways and morphology were investigated ex vivo using micro-CT, real-time PCR and histology. RESULTS Blood pressure and degree of RAS was similar in RAS and RAS + VEGF pigs. Single-kidney renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were reduced in RAS compared to Normal (221.1 +/- 46.5 and 29.9 +/- 3.8 vs. 522.5 +/- 60.9 and 49.3 +/- 3.4 mL/min, respectively, P < 0.05), accompanied by decreased cortical MV density and increased renal fibrosis. Pre-emptive administration of VEGF preserved MV architecture, attenuated fibrosis and normalized RBF and GFR (510.8 +/- 50.9 and 39.9.1 +/- 4.1 mL/min, P = not significant vs. Normal). CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the importance of the renal microcirculation in renovascular disease. Intra-renal administration of VEGF preserved renal MV architecture and function of the stenotic kidney, which in turn preserved renal haemodynamics and function and decreased renal fibrosis. These observations suggest that preventing renal MV loss may be a potential target for therapeutic approaches for patients with chronic renovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Iliescu
- The Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Excellence in Cardiovascular-Renal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Fukuhara S, Sako K, Noda K, Nagao K, Miura K, Mochizuki N. Tie2 is tied at the cell-cell contacts and to extracellular matrix by angiopoietin-1. Exp Mol Med 2009; 41:133-9. [PMID: 19293632 DOI: 10.3858/emm.2009.41.3.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) binds to and activates Tie2 receptor tyrosine kinase. Ang1-Tie2 signal has been proposed to exhibit two opposite roles in the controlling blood vessels. One is vascular stabilization and the other is vascular angiogenesis. There has been no answer to the question as to how Tie2 induces two opposite responses to the same ligand. Our group and Dr. Alitalos group have demonstrated that trans-associated Tie2 at cell-cell contacts and extracellular matrix (ECM)-anchored Tie2 play distinct roles in the endothelial cells. The complex formation depends on the presence or absence of cell-cell adhesion. Here, we review how Ang1-Tie2 signal regulates vascular maintenance and angiogenesis. We further point to the unanswered questions that must be clarified to extend our knowledge of vascular biology and to progress basic knowledge to the treatment of the diseases in which Ang1-Tie2-mediated signal is central.
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