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Maldonado-González M, Hernández-Nazara ZH, Torres-Castillo N, Martínez-López E, de la Cruz-Color L, Ruíz-Madrigal B. Association between the rs3812316 Single Nucleotide Variant of the MLXIPL Gene and Alpha-Linolenic Acid Intake with Triglycerides in Mexican Mestizo Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224726. [PMID: 36432414 PMCID: PMC9692638 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP) is a key transcription factor to understand the gene−diet−nutrient relationship that leads to metabolic diseases. We aimed to analyze the association between the rs17145750 and rs3812316 SNVs (single nucleotide variants) of the MLXIPL gene with dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical variables in Mexican Mestizo subjects. This is a cross-sectional study of 587 individuals. Genotyping was performed by allelic discrimination. In addition, liver and adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from a subgroup of 24 subjects to analyze the expression of the MLXIPL gene. An in silico test of the protein stability and allelic imbalance showed that rs17145750 and rs3812316 showed a high rate of joint heritability in a highly conserved area. The G allele of rs3812316 was associated with lower triglyceride levels (OR = −0.070 ± 0.027, p < 0.011, 95% CI = −0.124 to −0.016), the production of an unstable protein (ΔΔG −0.83 kcal/mol), and probably lower tissue mRNA levels. In addition, we found independent factors that also influence triglyceride levels, such as insulin resistance, HDL-c, and dietary protein intake in women. Our data showed that the association of rs3812316 on triglycerides was only observed in patients with an inadequate alpha-linolenic acid intake (1.97 ± 0.03 vs. 2.11 ± 0.01 log mg/dL, p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Maldonado-González
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Zamira H. Hernández-Nazara
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nathaly Torres-Castillo
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lucia de la Cruz-Color
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Bertha Ruíz-Madrigal
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(33)10585200
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Civeira F, Arca M, Cenarro A, Hegele RA. A mechanism-based operational definition and classification of hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:813-821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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3
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW : Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH), defined by concurrently elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, has long been investigated to characterize its genetic basis. Despite almost half a century of searching, a single gene cause for the phenotype has not yet been identified. RECENT FINDINGS : Recent studies using next-generation genetic analytic methods confirm that FCH has a polygenic basis, with a clear large contribution from the accumulation of small-to-moderate effect common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the genome that is associated with raising TG, and probably also those raising LDL cholesterol. On the other hand, rare monogenic variants, such as those causing familial hypercholesterolemia, play a negligible role, if any. Genetic profiling suggests that patients with FCH and hypertriglyceridemia share a strong polygenic basis and show a similar profile of multiple TG-raising common SNPs. SUMMARY : Recent progress in genomics has shown that most if not all of the genetic susceptibility to FCH is polygenic in nature. Future research should include larger cohort studies, with wider ancestral diversity, ancestry-specific polygenic scores, and investigation of epigenetic and lifestyle factors to help further elucidate the causative agents at play in cases where the genetic etiology remains to be defined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Trinder M, Vikulova D, Pimstone S, Mancini GBJ, Brunham LR. Polygenic architecture and cardiovascular risk of familial combined hyperlipidemia. Atherosclerosis 2021; 340:35-43. [PMID: 34906840 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) is one of the most common inherited lipid phenotypes, characterized by elevated plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein B-100 and triglycerides. The genetic inheritance of FCHL remains poorly understood. The goals of this study were to investigate the polygenetic architecture and cardiovascular risk associated with FCHL. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified individuals with an FCHL phenotype among 349,222 unrelated participants of European ancestry in the UK Biobank using modified versions of 5 different diagnostic criteria. The prevalence of the FCHL phenotype was 11.44% (n = 39,961), 5.01% (n = 17,485), 1.48% (n = 5,153), 1.10% (n = 3,838), and 0.48% (n = 1,688) according to modified versions of the Consensus Conference, Dutch, Mexico, Brunzell, and Goldstein criteria, respectively. We performed discovery, case-control genome-wide association studies for these different FCHL criteria and identified 175 independent loci associated with FCHL at genome-wide significance. We investigated the association of genetic and clinical risk with FCHL and found that polygenic susceptibility to hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia and features of metabolic syndrome were associated with greater prevalence of FCHL. Participants with an FCHL phenotype had a similar risk of incident coronary artery disease compared to participants with monogenic familial hypercholesterolemia (adjusted hazard ratio vs controls [95% confidence interval]: 2.72 [2.31-3.21] and 1.90 [1.30-2.78]). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that, rather than being a single genetic entity, the FCHL phenotype represents a polygenic susceptibility to dyslipidemia in combination with metabolic abnormalities. The cardiovascular risk associated with an FCHL phenotype is similar to that of monogenic familial hypercholesterolemia, despite being ∼5x more common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Trinder
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Diana Vikulova
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simon Pimstone
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - G B John Mancini
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Liam R Brunham
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Experimental Medicine Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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5
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Harshfield EL, Fauman EB, Stacey D, Paul DS, Ziemek D, Ong RMY, Danesh J, Butterworth AS, Rasheed A, Sattar T, Zameer-Ul-Asar, Saleem I, Hina Z, Ishtiaq U, Qamar N, Mallick NH, Yaqub Z, Saghir T, Rizvi SNH, Memon A, Ishaq M, Rasheed SZ, Memon FUR, Jalal A, Abbas S, Frossard P, Saleheen D, Wood AM, Griffin JL, Koulman A. Genome-wide analysis of blood lipid metabolites in over 5000 South Asians reveals biological insights at cardiometabolic disease loci. BMC Med 2021; 19:232. [PMID: 34503513 PMCID: PMC8431908 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors can lead to perturbations in circulating lipid levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, how changes in individual lipid species contribute to disease risk is often unclear. Moreover, little is known about the role of lipids on cardiovascular disease in Pakistan, a population historically underrepresented in cardiovascular studies. METHODS We characterised the genetic architecture of the human blood lipidome in 5662 hospital controls from the Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS) and 13,814 healthy British blood donors from the INTERVAL study. We applied a candidate causal gene prioritisation tool to link the genetic variants associated with each lipid to the most likely causal genes, and Gaussian Graphical Modelling network analysis to identify and illustrate relationships between lipids and genetic loci. RESULTS We identified 253 genetic associations with 181 lipids measured using direct infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry in PROMIS, and 502 genetic associations with 244 lipids in INTERVAL. Our analyses revealed new biological insights at genetic loci associated with cardiometabolic diseases, including novel lipid associations at the LPL, MBOAT7, LIPC, APOE-C1-C2-C4, SGPP1, and SPTLC3 loci. CONCLUSIONS Our findings, generated using a distinctive lipidomics platform in an understudied South Asian population, strengthen and expand the knowledge base of the genetic determinants of lipids and their association with cardiometabolic disease-related loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric L Harshfield
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK. .,Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Eric B Fauman
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - David Stacey
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Dirk S Paul
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Daniel Ziemek
- Inflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, 10785, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rachel M Y Ong
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - John Danesh
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Taniya Sattar
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Zameer-Ul-Asar
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Imran Saleem
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Zoubia Hina
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Unzila Ishtiaq
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Qamar
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
| | | | - Zia Yaqub
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Saghir
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
| | | | - Anis Memon
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ishaq
- Karachi Institute of Heart Diseases, Karachi, 75950, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Anjum Jalal
- Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Abbas
- Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Danish Saleheen
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.,Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Angela M Wood
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.,Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Julian L Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK. .,Section of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Albert Koulman
- Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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6
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypertriglyceridemia is a common dyslipidemia associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and pancreatitis. Severe hypertriglyceridemia may sometimes be a monogenic condition. However, in the vast majority of patients, hypertriglyceridemia is due to the cumulative effect of multiple genetic risk variants along with lifestyle factors, medications, and disease conditions that elevate triglyceride levels. In this review, we will summarize recent progress in the understanding of the genetic basis of hypertriglyceridemia. RECENT FINDINGS More than 300 genetic loci have been identified for association with triglyceride levels in large genome-wide association studies. Studies combining the loci into polygenic scores have demonstrated that some hypertriglyceridemia phenotypes previously attributed to monogenic inheritance have a polygenic basis. The new genetic discoveries have opened avenues for the development of more effective triglyceride-lowering treatments and raised interest towards genetic screening and tailored treatments against hypertriglyceridemia. The discovery of multiple genetic loci associated with elevated triglyceride levels has led to improved understanding of the genetic basis of hypertriglyceridemia and opened new translational opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán D. Carrasquilla
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Mærsk Building, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Malene Revsbech Christiansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Mærsk Building, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Mærsk Building, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Candás-Estébanez B, Padró-Miquel A, Esteve-Luque V. Genetic basis of hypertriglyceridemies. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2021; 33 Suppl 2:14-19. [PMID: 34006349 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of triglyceride metabolism disorders: from pathophysiology to clinical practice. Hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) affects 15%-20% of the world's population, and is frequently discovered as an incidental finding in a laboratory test. Disorders of triglyceride (TG) metabolism have a complex genetic basis. New genetic tools that allow a more precise approach to the disorders have made it possible to redefine and classify HTG into two groups: monogenic HTG (TG>10 mmol/L) and polygenic HTG (2 mmol/L<TG<10 mmol/L) with a milder phenotype, but with a clear genetic influence. In approximately 50% of patients with severe HTG a genetic cause has not yet been found. In addition to the inclusion of ever more genes in studies, statistical models are now also being examined that consider complex gene-environment interactions that could explain why the presence of a set of apparently benign variants may cause HTG in the presence of a triggering factor such as adiposity. Knowledge of the genetic nature of HTG has also helped identify targets for pharmacological treatments, thus avoiding a strict diet with a fat content of less than 20%, which is difficult to maintain. Accurate diagnosis of these disorders is essential for correct treatment according to the inherent risk of each HTG, since, as has been shown in multiple studies, high fasting and postprandial TG concentrations are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Candás-Estébanez
- Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España; Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, España.
| | - Ariadna Padró-Miquel
- Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, España; Unidad de Riesgo Cardiovascular, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - Virginia Esteve-Luque
- Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, España; Unidad de Riesgo Cardiovascular, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
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8
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Bea AM, Franco-Marín E, Marco-Benedí V, Jarauta E, Gracia-Rubio I, Cenarro A, Civeira F, Lamiquiz-Moneo I. ANGPTL3 gene variants in subjects with familial combined hyperlipidemia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7002. [PMID: 33772079 PMCID: PMC7997994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86384-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) plays an important role in lipid metabolism in humans. Loss-of-function variants in ANGPTL3 cause a monogenic disease named familial combined hypolipidemia. However, the potential contribution of ANGPTL3 gene in subjects with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) has not been studied. For that reason, the aim of this work was to investigate the potential contribution of ANGPTL3 in the aetiology of FCHL by identifying gain-of-function (GOF) genetic variants in the ANGPTL3 gene in FCHL subjects. ANGPTL3 gene was sequenced in 162 unrelated subjects with severe FCHL and 165 normolipemic controls. Pathogenicity of genetic variants was predicted with PredictSNP2 and FruitFly. Frequency of identified variants in FCHL was compared with that of normolipemic controls and that described in the 1000 Genomes Project. No GOF mutations in ANGPTL3 were present in subjects with FCHL. Four variants were identified in FCHL subjects, showing a different frequency from that observed in normolipemic controls: c.607-109T>C, c.607-47_607-46delGT, c.835+41C>A and c.*52_*60del. This last variant, c.*52_*60del, is a microRNA associated sequence in the 3′UTR of ANGPTL3, and it was present 2.7 times more frequently in normolipemic controls than in FCHL subjects. Our research shows that no GOF mutations in ANGPTL3 were found in a large group of unrelated subjects with FCHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Bea
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E Franco-Marín
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - V Marco-Benedí
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E Jarauta
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Gracia-Rubio
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Cenarro
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. .,Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - F Civeira
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - I Lamiquiz-Moneo
- Unidad de Lípidos, IIS Aragón, CIBERCV, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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9
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Gill PK, Dron JS, Berberich AJ, Wang J, McIntyre AD, Cao H, Hegele RA. Combined hyperlipidemia is genetically similar to isolated hypertriglyceridemia. J Clin Lipidol 2020; 15:79-87. [PMID: 33303402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined hyperlipidemia (CHL) is a common disorder defined by concurrently elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) levels. Despite decades of study, the genetic basis of CHL remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To characterize the genetic profiles of patients with CHL and compare them to those in patients with isolated hypercholesterolemia and isolated hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). METHODS DNA from 259, 379 and 124 patients with CHL, isolated hypercholesterolemia and isolated HTG, respectively, underwent targeted sequencing. We assessed: 1) rare variants disrupting canonical LDL-C or TG metabolism genes; and 2) two polygenic scores-for elevated LDL-C and TG-calculated using common trait-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Genetic profiles were compared against 1000 Genomes Project controls. RESULTS Both CHL and isolated HTG patients had significantly increased odds of a high polygenic score for TG: 2.50 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.61-3.88; P < 0.001) and 3.72 (95% CI 2.24-6.19; P < 0.001), respectively. CHL patients had neither a significant accumulation of rare variants for LDL-C or TG, nor a high polygenic score for LDL-C. In contrast, patients with isolated hypercholesterolemia had a 3.03-fold increased odds (95% CI 2.22-4.13; P < 0.001) of carrying rare variants associated with familial hypercholesterolemia, while patients with isolated HTG had a 2.78-fold increased odds (95% CI 1.27-6.10; P = 0.0136) of carrying rare variants associated with severe HTG. CONCLUSION CHL is genetically similar to isolated HTG, a known polygenic trait. Both cohorts had a significant accumulation of common TG-raising variants. Elevated LDL-C levels in CHL are not associated with common or rare LDL-C-related genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praneet K Gill
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jacqueline S Dron
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Amanda J Berberich
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada; Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Adam D McIntyre
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Henian Cao
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada; Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.
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10
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Li C, Yang Y, Liu X, Li Z, Liu H, Tan Q. Glucose metabolism-related gene polymorphisms as the risk predictors of type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:97. [PMID: 33292424 PMCID: PMC7643457 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex polygenic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose. Multiple environmental and genetic factors can increase the risk of T2DM and its complications, and genetic polymorphisms are no exception. This review is mainly focused on the related genes involved in glucose metabolic, including G6PC2, GCK, GCKR and OCT3. In this review, we have summarized the results reported globally and found that the genetic variants of GCK and OCT3 genes is a risk factor for T2DM while G6PC2 and GCKR genes are controversial in different ethnic groups. Hopefully, this summary could possibly help researchers and physicians understand the mechanism of T2DM so as to diagnose and even prevent T2DM at early time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412007, Hunan, China.
| | - Yuping Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412007, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412007, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Laboratory Medical Center, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Qiuhong Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, 412007, Hunan, China
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11
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YILDIRIM ŞİMŞİR I, SOYALTIN UE, SARER YÜREKLİ B, ERDOĞAN M, ÇETİNKALP Ş, SAYGILI F, DÖNMEZ A, ÖZGEN AG. Therapeutic plasma exchange in hypertriglyceridemic patients. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:872-878. [PMID: 31203594 PMCID: PMC7018319 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1811-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim High triglyceride (TG) levels are associated with increases in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), hepatic steatosis, and pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis is a condition with high mortality. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP) is a rapid and effective treatment modality. In this study, the results of TPE were evaluated and the frequency of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mutation in these patients was determined. Materials and methods TPE was performed in 31 patients with HTGP at the Adult Therapeutic Apheresis Center. Results A TG level under 500 mg/dL was achieved by applying apheresis at a median of 2 times (IQR 2–2, min 1, max 6) in the 31 cases. LPL mutation was detected in 8 (25.8%) of the 31 hypertriglyceridemia cases. When TG levels before and after TPE were evaluated, the mean TG level before TPE was significantly higher (3132 ± 1472 mg/dL) than the mean TG level afterwards (948 ± 465 mg/dL, P < 0.001). This result represented a decrease of 69.7% TG after TPE. Conclusion TPE is a safe, fast, and effective treatment modality in experienced centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgın YILDIRIM ŞİMŞİR
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Utku Erdem SOYALTIN
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
| | - Banu SARER YÜREKLİ
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
| | - Mehmet ERDOĞAN
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
| | - Şevki ÇETİNKALP
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
| | - Füsun SAYGILI
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
| | - Ayhan DÖNMEZ
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
| | - Ahmet Gökhan ÖZGEN
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmirTurkey
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12
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Gene variants in AKT1, GCKR and SOCS3 are differentially associated with metabolic traits in Mexican Amerindians and Mestizos. Gene 2018; 679:160-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Intensive genetic analysis for Chinese patients with very high triglyceride levels: Relations of mutations to triglyceride levels and acute pancreatitis. EBioMedicine 2018; 38:171-177. [PMID: 30420299 PMCID: PMC6306308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe hypertriglyceridemia (SHTG, TG ≥5·65 mmol/L), a disease, usually resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, may increase the risk of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, previous genetic analysis has been limited by lacking of related observation of gene to AP. Methods The expanding genetic sequencing including 15 TG-related genes (LPL, LMF1, APOC2, GPIHBP1, GCKR, ANGPTL3, APOB, APOA1-A4-C3-A5, TRIB1, CETP, APOE, and LIPI) was performed within 103 patients who were diagnosed with primary SHTG and 46 age- and sex-matched normal controls. Findings Rare variants were found in 46 patients and 12 controls. The detection rate of rare variants in SHTG group increased by 19·5% via intensive genetic analysis. Presence of rare variants in LPL, APOA5, five LPL molecular regulating genes and all the sequenced genes were found to be associated with SHTG (p < 0·05). Of noted, patients with history of AP presented higher frequency of rare variants in LPL gene and all the LPL molecular regulating genes (27·8% vs.4·7% and 50·0% vs. 20·0%). The risk scores for SHTG determined by common TG-associated variants were increased in subgroups according to the extent of SHTG when they were compared with that of controls. Finally, patients without rare variants within SHTG group also presented higher risk scores than control group (p < 0·05). Interpretation Expanding genetic analysis had a higher detection rate of rare variants in patients with SHTG. Rare variants in LPL and its molecular regulating genes could increase the risk of AP among Chinese patients with SHTG. Fund This work was partially supported by the Capital Health Development Fund (201614035) and CAMS. Major Collaborative Innovation Project (2016-I2M-1-011) awarded to Dr. Jian-Jun Li, MD, PhD.
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14
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Dyslipidemias in clinical practice. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 487:117-125. [PMID: 30201369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Most dyslipidemic conditions have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Over the past few years major advances have been made regarding the genetic and metabolic basis of dyslipidemias. Detailed characterization of the genetic basis of familial lipid disorders and knowledge concerning the effects of environmental factors on the expression of dyslipidemias have increased substantially, contributing to a better diagnosis in individual patients. In addition to these developments, therapeutic options to lower cholesterol levels in clinical practice have expanded even further in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and in subjects with cardiovascular disease. Finally, promising upcoming therapeutic lipid lowering strategies will be reviewed. All these advances will be discussed in relation to current clinical practice with special focus on common lipid disorders including familial dyslipidemias.
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15
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Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia. Curr Cardiol Rep 2018; 20:71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11886-018-1013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Lamiquiz-Moneo I, Baila-Rueda L, Bea AM, Mateo-Gallego R, Pérez-Calahorra S, Marco-Benedí V, Martín-Navarro A, Ros E, Cofán M, Rodríguez-Rey JC, Pocovi M, Cenarro A, Civeira F. ABCG5/G8 gene is associated with hypercholesterolemias without mutation in candidate genes and noncholesterol sterols. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11:1432-1440.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Alterations in plasma triglycerides lipolysis in patients with history of multifactorial chylomicronemia. Atherosclerosis 2017; 265:22-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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van Ommen B, van den Broek T, de Hoogh I, van Erk M, van Someren E, Rouhani-Rankouhi T, Anthony JC, Hogenelst K, Pasman W, Boorsma A, Wopereis S. Systems biology of personalized nutrition. Nutr Rev 2017; 75:579-599. [PMID: 28969366 PMCID: PMC5914356 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized nutrition is fast becoming a reality due to a number of technological, scientific, and societal developments that complement and extend current public health nutrition recommendations. Personalized nutrition tailors dietary recommendations to specific biological requirements on the basis of a person's health status and goals. The biology underpinning these recommendations is complex, and thus any recommendations must account for multiple biological processes and subprocesses occurring in various tissues and must be formed with an appreciation for how these processes interact with dietary nutrients and environmental factors. Therefore, a systems biology-based approach that considers the most relevant interacting biological mechanisms is necessary to formulate the best recommendations to help people meet their wellness goals. Here, the concept of "systems flexibility" is introduced to personalized nutrition biology. Systems flexibility allows the real-time evaluation of metabolism and other processes that maintain homeostasis following an environmental challenge, thereby enabling the formulation of personalized recommendations. Examples in the area of macro- and micronutrients are reviewed. Genetic variations and performance goals are integrated into this systems approach to provide a strategy for a balanced evaluation and an introduction to personalized nutrition. Finally, modeling approaches that combine personalized diagnosis and nutritional intervention into practice are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben van Ommen
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Tim van den Broek
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Iris de Hoogh
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Marjan van Erk
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Eugene van Someren
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja Rouhani-Rankouhi
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | | | - Koen Hogenelst
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Wilrike Pasman
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - André Boorsma
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
| | - Suzan Wopereis
- TNO (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research), Zeist, the Netherlands
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19
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Chen WJ, Sun XF, Zhang RX, Xu MJ, Dou TH, Zhang XB, Zhong M, Yang WQ, Liu L, Lu XY, Zhu CQ. Hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis in emergency department: Typical clinical features and genetic variants. J Dig Dis 2017; 18:359-368. [PMID: 28548292 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTGAP), and the molecular foundation contributing to hypertriglyceridemia in such patients. METHODS Clinical data from 329 patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) were analyzed. The patients were divided into the HTGAP group, with fasting serum triglyceride (TG) levels ≥500 mg/dL (5.65 mmol/L), and the non-HTGAP (NHTGAP) group. Targeted next-generation sequencing was applied to 11 HTGAP patients to identify the genetic mutations associated with hypertriglyceridemia, including apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5), APOC2, APOC3 and APOE, BLK, LPL, GPIHBP1 and LMF1. RESULTS Patients in the HTGAP group, compared with those in the NHTGAP group, had a higher mortality rate (7.5% vs 0.7%, P = 0.001), more commonly seen severe AP (17.5% vs 5.2%, P = 0.004) as well as a higher recurrence rate (32.4% vs 19.9%, P = 0.070). DNA sequencing showed that two patients carried the same compound of p.G185C and p.V153M heterozygous mutations located in the APOA5 gene. Two patients carried a homozygous variation of p.C14F, in the GPIHBP1 gene. One patient had a homozygous variation of p.R176C in the APOE gene. And a rare heterozygous LMF1 gene mutation of p.P562R was detected in two patients. CONCLUSIONS HTGAP was significantly severe than NHTGAP, with a high recurrence rate. Genetic information may be useful in the clinical setting for the investigation of the pathogenesis of HTGAP and its interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Jun Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Fan Sun
- Outpatient and Emergency Department, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Xue Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Hai Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Bin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Qiang Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Ye Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Qing Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Ram R, Wakil S, Muiya N, Andres E, Mazhar N, Hagos S, Alshahid M, Meyer B, Morahan G, Dzimiri N. A common variant association study in ethnic Saudi Arabs reveals novel susceptibility loci for hypertriglyceridemia. Clin Genet 2017; 91:371-378. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Ram
- Centre for Diabetes Research, The Harry Perkinsn Institute for Medical Research Perth WA Australia
- Centre for Medical ResearchUniversity of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - S.M. Wakil
- Genetics DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
| | - N.P. Muiya
- Genetics DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
| | - E. Andres
- Genetics DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
| | - N. Mazhar
- Genetics DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
| | - S. Hagos
- Genetics DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
| | - M. Alshahid
- King Faisal Heart InstituteKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
| | - B.F. Meyer
- Genetics DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
| | - G. Morahan
- Centre for Diabetes Research, The Harry Perkinsn Institute for Medical Research Perth WA Australia
- Centre for Medical ResearchUniversity of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - N. Dzimiri
- Genetics DepartmentKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh KSA
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21
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Jarauta E, Pérez-Ruiz MR, Pérez-Calahorra S, Mateo-Gallego R, Cenarro A, Cofán M, Ros E, Civeira F, Tejedor MT. Lipid phenotype and heritage pattern in families with genetic hypercholesterolemia not related to LDLR, APOB, PCSK9, or APOE. J Clin Lipidol 2016; 10:1397-1405.e2. [PMID: 27919357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial proportion of individuals clinically diagnosed as familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) do not carry pathogenic mutations in candidate genes. Whether in them the high cholesterol trait is transmitted monogenically has not been studied. OBJECTIVES We assessed the inheritance pattern, penetrance, and expression of high low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (LDLc) in families with genetic hypercholesterolemia (GH) without known causative mutations (non-FH-GH). METHODS The study included probands with a clinical diagnosis of FH and their families attending 2 lipid clinics in Spain. Inclusion criteria for probands were LDLc >95th percentile, triglycerides <90th percentile, at least 1 first-degree family member with LDLc >90th percentile, >5 points in the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria score, and absence of mutations in LDLR, APOB, PCSK9 or APOE. Eleven FH families with a LDLR mutation were also examined for comparison. RESULTS We analyzed 49 non-FH-GH probands and 277 first-and second-degree relatives. LDLc was >90th percentile in 37.8% of blood relatives, at concentrations similar to those of probands. LDLc had a normal distribution in non-FH-GH families, in contrast with a bimodal distribution in FH families. When a dominant model was tested, family-based association tests gave much lower heritability values for total cholesterol and LDLc in non-FH-GH (0.39 and 0.32, respectively) than in FH (0.78 and 0.61, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Non-FH-GH families have a milder lipid phenotype than genetically defined FH. The heritage pattern of LDLc in non-FH-GH does not fit with a monogenic disorder. Our findings support the concept that most non-FH-GHs are polygenic hypercholesterolemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estíbaliz Jarauta
- Lipid Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Rosario Pérez-Ruiz
- Lipid Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sofia Pérez-Calahorra
- Lipid Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rocio Mateo-Gallego
- Lipid Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Cenarro
- Lipid Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Civeira
- Lipid Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Maria Teresa Tejedor
- Departamento de Anatomía, Embriología y Genetica Animal, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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22
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Brouwers MCGJ, Jacobs C, Bast A, Stehouwer CDA, Schaper NC. Modulation of Glucokinase Regulatory Protein: A Double-Edged Sword? Trends Mol Med 2016; 21:583-594. [PMID: 26432016 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The continuous search for drugs targeting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has led to the identification of small molecules that disrupt the binding between glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP). Although mice studies are encouraging, it will take years before these disruptors can be introduced to T2DM patients. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown that variants in the gene encoding GKRP protect against T2DM and kidney disease but predispose to gout, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and dyslipidemia. These genetic data, together with previous experience with systemic and hepatospecific glucokinase activators, provide insight into the anticipated efficacy and safety of small-molecule disruptors in humans. Interestingly, they suggest that the opposite--enhanced GKRP-glucokinase binding--could be beneficial in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn C G J Brouwers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Chantal Jacobs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aalt Bast
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- General Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs) 3, 4 and 8 have emerged as key regulators of plasma lipid metabolism by serving as potent inhibitors of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL). In this review, we provide an integrated picture of the role of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8 in lipid metabolism by focusing on their impact on LPL activity and plasma triglyceride clearance during physiological conditions such as fasting, refeeding, exercise and cold exposure. RECENT FINDINGS Upon refeeding, circulating ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8 promote the replenishment of white adipose tissue depots by specifically inhibiting LPL activity in oxidative tissues. During exercise and cold exposure, ANGPTL4 represses local LPL activity to assure that plasma triglycerides are specifically shuttled to exercising muscle and brown adipose tissue, respectively. Overall, ANGPTL4 is the central component of a fatty acid-driven feedback mechanism that regulates plasma triglyceride hydrolysis and subsequent tissue fatty acid uptake in response to changes in lipid availability and cellular fuel demand. SUMMARY ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8 together ensure that triglycerides from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are adequately distributed during different physiological conditions. The impact of the ANGPTLs on plasma lipid levels has led to scrutiny of ANGPTLs as therapeutic targets for dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieneke Dijk
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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24
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Lamiquiz-Moneo I, Blanco-Torrecilla C, Bea AM, Mateo-Gallego R, Pérez-Calahorra S, Baila-Rueda L, Cenarro A, Civeira F, de Castro-Orós I. Frequency of rare mutations and common genetic variations in severe hypertriglyceridemia in the general population of Spain. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:82. [PMID: 27108409 PMCID: PMC4842266 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0251-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a common complex metabolic trait that results of the accumulation of relatively common genetic variants in combination with other modifier genes and environmental factors resulting in increased plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. The majority of severe primary hypertriglyceridemias is diagnosed in adulthood and their molecular bases have not been fully defined yet. The prevalence of HTG is highly variable among populations, possibly caused by differences in environmental factors and genetic background. However, the prevalence of very high TG and the frequency of rare mutations causing HTG in a whole non-selected population have not been previously studied. Methods The total of 23,310 subjects over 18 years from a primary care-district in a middle-class area of Zaragoza (Spain) with TG >500 mg/dL were selected to establish HTG prevalence. Those affected of primary HTG were considered for further genetic analisys. The promoters, coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of LPL, LMF1, APOC2, APOA5, APOE and GPIHBP1 genes were sequenced. The frequency of rare variants identified was studied in 90 controls. Results One hundred ninety-four subjects (1.04 %) had HTG and 90 subjects (46.4 %) met the inclusion criteria for primary HTG. In this subgroup, nine patients (12.3 %) were carriers of 7 rare variants in LPL, LMF1, APOA5, GPIHBP1 or APOE genes. Three of these mutations are described for the first time in this work. The presence of a rare pathogenic mutation did not confer a differential phenotype or a higher family history of HTG. Conclusion The prevalence of rare mutations in candidate genes in subjects with primary HTG is low. The low frequency of rare mutations, the absence of a more severe phenotype or the dominant transmission of the HTG would not suggest the use of genetic analysis in the clinical practice in this population. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0251-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Lamiquiz-Moneo
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Cristian Blanco-Torrecilla
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M Bea
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rocío Mateo-Gallego
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sofía Pérez-Calahorra
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lucía Baila-Rueda
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Cenarro
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando Civeira
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel de Castro-Orós
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Avenida Isabel La Católica 1-3, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Celular, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Combined hyperlipidemia (CHL) is a complex phenotype that is commonly encountered clinically and is often associated with the expression of early heart disease. The affixed adjective 'familial' gives the impression that the trait is monogenic, like familial hypercholesterolemia. But despite significant efforts, genetic studies have yielded little evidence of single gene determinants of CHL. RECENT FINDINGS Sophisticated linkage studies suggest that individual lipid components of the CHL phenotype - such as elevated LDL and triglyceride - each have several determinants that segregate independently in families. Furthermore, DNA sequencing shows that rare large-effect variants in genes such as LDL receptor (LDLR) and lipoprotein lipase are found in some CHL patients, explaining the elevated LDL cholesterol and triglyceride components, respectively. In addition, multiple common small-effect lipid-altering variants accumulate in an individual's genome, raising the LDL cholesterol and/or triglyceride components by multiple mechanisms. Finally, secondary factors, such as poor diet, obesity,fatty liver or diabetes further modulate the expression of the biochemically defined CHL phenotype. SUMMARY Given the current state of genetic understanding, CHL may be best conceptualized as a syndrome with common clinical presentation but multigenic causes, similar to other common conditions such as type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Brahm
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Wakil SM, Ram R, Muiya NP, Andres E, Mazhar N, Hagos S, Alshahid M, Meyer BF, Morahan G, Dzimiri N. A common variant association study reveals novel susceptibility loci for low HDL-cholesterol levels in ethnic Arabs. Clin Genet 2016; 90:518-525. [PMID: 26879886 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The genetic susceptibility to acquiring low high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LHDLC) levels is not completely elucidated yet. In this study, we performed a common variant association study for harboring this trait in ethnic Arabs. We employed the Affymetrix high-density Axiom Genome-Wide ASI Array (Asian population) providing a coverage of 598,000 single nucleotide variations (SNPs) to genotype 5495 individuals in a two-phase study involving discovery and validation sets of experiments. The rs1800775 [1.31 (1.22-1.42); p = 3.41E-12] in the CETP gene and rs359027 [1.26 (1.16-1.36); p = 2.55E-08] in the LMCD1 gene were significantly associated with LHDLC levels. Furthermore, rs3104435 [1.26 (1.15-1.38); p = 1.19E-06] at the MATN1 locus, rs9835344 [1.16 (1.08-1.26); p = 8.75E-06] in the CNTN6 gene, rs1559997 [1.3 (1.14-1.47); p = 9.48E-06] in the SDS gene and rs1670273 [1.2 (1.1-1.31); p = 4.81E-06] in the DMN/SYNM gene exhibited suggestive association with the disorder. Seven other variants including rs1147169 in the PLCL1 gene, rs10248618 in the DNAH11, rs476155 in the GLIS3, rs7024300 in the ABCA1, intergenic rs10836699, rs11603691 in P2RX3 and rs750134 in CORO1C gene exhibited borderline protective properties. Validation and joint meta-analysis resulted in rs1800775, rs3104435 and rs359027 retaining their predisposing properties, while rs10836699 and rs11603691 showed protective properties. Our data show several predisposing variants across the genome for LHDLC levels in ethnic Arabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Wakil
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Ram
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - N P Muiya
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - E Andres
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N Mazhar
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Hagos
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Alshahid
- King Faisal Heart Institute, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - B F Meyer
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - G Morahan
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - N Dzimiri
- Genetics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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De Castro-Orós I, Civeira F, Pueyo MJ, Mateo-Gallego R, Bolado-Carrancio A, Lamíquiz-Moneo I, Álvarez-Sala L, Fabiani F, Cofán M, Cenarro A, Rodríguez-Rey JC, Ros E, Pocoví M. Rare genetic variants with large effect on triglycerides in subjects with a clinical diagnosis of familial vs nonfamilial hypertriglyceridemia. J Clin Lipidol 2016; 10:790-797. [PMID: 27578109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most primary severe hypertriglyceridemias (HTGs) are diagnosed in adults, but their molecular foundations have not been completely elucidated. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify rare dysfunctional mutations in genes encoding regulators of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) function in patients with familial and non-familial primary HTG. METHODS We sequenced promoters, exons, and exon-intron boundaries of LPL, APOA5, LMF1, and GPIHBP1 in 118 patients with severe primary HTG (triglycerides >500 mg/dL) and 53 normolipidemic controls. Variant functionality was analyzed using predictive software and functional assays for mutations in regulatory regions. RESULTS We identified 29 rare variants, 10 of which had not been previously described: c.(-16A>G), c.(1018+2G>A), and p.(His80Arg) in LPL; p.(Arg143Alafs*57) in APOA5; p.(Val140Ile), p.(Leu235Ile), p.(Lys520*), and p.(Leu552Arg) in LMF1; and c.(-83G>A) and c.(-192A>G) in GPIHBP1. The c.(1018+2G>A) variant led to deletion of exon 6 in LPL cDNA, whereas the c.(-16A>G) analysis showed differences in the affinity for nuclear proteins. Overall, 20 (17.0%) of the patients carried at least one allele with a rare pathogenic variant in LPL, APOA5, LMF1, or GPIHBP1. The presence of a rare pathogenic variant was not associated with lipid values, family history of HTG, clinical diagnosis, or previous pancreatitis. CONCLUSIONS Less than one in five subjects with triglycerides >500 mg/dL and no major secondary cause for HTG may carry a rare pathogenic mutation in LPL, APOA5, LMF1, or GPIHBP1. The presence of a rare pathogenic variant is not associated with a differential phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel De Castro-Orós
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain; Dpto. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando Civeira
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Jesús Pueyo
- Dpto. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rocío Mateo-Gallego
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alfonso Bolado-Carrancio
- Dpto. Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria and Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IFIMAV), Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Itziar Lamíquiz-Moneo
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Álvarez-Sala
- Lipid Unit, Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, RIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón and Dpto. Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Fabiani
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Servei d'Endocrinologia i Nutrició, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona and Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Cenarro
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Carlos Rodríguez-Rey
- Dpto. Biología Molecular. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria and Instituto de Formación e Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IFIMAV), Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Servei d'Endocrinologia i Nutrició, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona and Ciber Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Pocoví
- Dpto. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Contribution of mutations in low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genes to familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL): A reappraisal by using a resequencing approach. Atherosclerosis 2015; 242:618-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lamiquiz-Moneo I, Bea AM, Mateo-Gallego R, Baila-Rueda L, Cenarro A, Pocoví M, Civeira F, de Castro-Orós I. [Identification of variants in LMF1 gene associated with primary hypertriglyceridemia]. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2015; 27:246-252. [PMID: 25817768 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The majority of severe primary hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) are diagnosed in adults, and their molecular bases have not yet been fully defined. The promoter, coding regions and intron-exon boundaries of LMF1 were sequenced in 112 patients with severe primary hipertrigliceridemia (defined as TG above 500mg/dl). Five patients (4.46%) were carriers of four rare variants in the LMF1 gene associated with HTG, which participate in lipoprotein lipase (LpL) function. Also, we have identified two common variants, c.194-28 T>G and c.729+18C>G that were associated with HTG, with a different allelic frequency to that observed in the general population. A bioinformatic analysis of all found variants was conducted, defining the following as potentially harmful: p.Arg364Gln, p.Arg451Trp, p.Pro562Arg and p.Leu85Leu. Our results suggest that LMF1 mutations are involved in a substantial proportion of cases with severe HTG, putting together the moderate-aggressive effect of rare mutations with polymorphisms classically associated with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Lamiquiz-Moneo
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España.
| | - Ana M Bea
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España
| | - Rocío Mateo-Gallego
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España
| | - Lucía Baila-Rueda
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España
| | - Ana Cenarro
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España
| | - Miguel Pocoví
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España
| | - Fernando Civeira
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España
| | - Isabel de Castro-Orós
- Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, España
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30
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Tada H, Kawashiri MA, Yamagishi M, Hayashi K. Whole Exome Sequencing in Monogenic Dyslipidemias. J Atheroscler Thromb 2015; 22:881-5. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.ed016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Tada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masa-aki Kawashiri
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masakazu Yamagishi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenshi Hayashi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine
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Cui Y, Kaisaierjiang A, Cao P, Wu ZY, Lv Q. Association of apolipoprotein A5 genetic polymorphisms with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head in a Chinese Han population. Diagn Pathol 2014; 9:229. [PMID: 25515090 PMCID: PMC4282735 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-014-0229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested that apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) may result in lipid metabolism disorders. Therefore, genetic polymorphisms in ApoA5 may be associated with the occurrence of osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH). METHODS We designed a case-control study including 223 patients of osteonecrosis and 201 age- and sex-matched control subjects to analyze the association between ApoA5 polymorphisms and susceptibility of steroid-induced ONFH. We utilized polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method to genotype two SNPs (rs662799 and rs3135506) in ApoA5 gene. RESULTS We found both rs662799 and rs3135506 were associated with the risk of ONFH in codominant, dominant, and recessive model, respectively. Haplotype analyses suggested that T-C haplotype was associated with decreased risk of ONFH, whereas the haplotype C-C was significantly associated with an increased risk of ONFH. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that ApoA5 genetic polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to ONFH in Chinese population. However, our results need further investigation with large sample size and various populations. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/13000_2014_229.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- Department of orthopetics, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.118, Henan West Street, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Aihemaiti Kaisaierjiang
- Department of orthopetics, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.118, Henan West Street, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of orthopetics, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.118, Henan West Street, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Zhong-Yan Wu
- Department of orthopetics, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.118, Henan West Street, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Qing Lv
- Department of orthopetics, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.118, Henan West Street, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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