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Lord SO, Dawson PW, Chunthorng-Orn J, Ng J, Baehr LM, Hughes DC, Sridhar P, Knowles T, Bodine SC, Lai YC. Uncovering the mechanisms of MuRF1-induced ubiquitylation and revealing similarities with MuRF2 and MuRF3. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101636. [PMID: 38283190 PMCID: PMC10818185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
MuRF1 (Muscle-specific RING finger protein 1; gene name TRIM63) is a ubiquitin E3 ligase, associated with the progression of muscle atrophy. As a RING (Really Interesting New Gene) type E3 ligase, its unique activity of ubiquitylation is driven by a specific interaction with a UBE2 (ubiquitin conjugating enzyme). Our understanding of MuRF1 function remains unclear as candidate UBE2s have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we screened human ubiquitin dependent UBE2s in vitro and found that MuRF1 engages in ubiquitylation with UBE2D, UBE2E, UBE2N/V families and UBE2W. MuRF1 can cause mono-ubiquitylation, K48- and K63-linked polyubiquitin chains in a UBE2 dependent manner. Moreover, we identified a two-step UBE2 dependent mechanism whereby MuRF1 is monoubiquitylated by UBE2W which acts as an anchor for UBE2N/V to generate polyubiquitin chains. With the in vitro ubiquitylation assay, we also found that MuRF2 and MuRF3 not only share the same UBE2 partners as MuRF1 but can also directly ubiquitylate the same substrates: Titin (A168-A170), Desmin, and MYLPF (Myosin Light Chain, Phosphorylatable, Fast Skeletal Muscle; also called Myosin Light Regulatory Chain 2). In summary, our work presents new insights into the mechanisms that underpin MuRF1 activity and reveals overlap in MuRF-induced ubiquitylation which could explain their partial redundancy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel O. Lord
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter W.J. Dawson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Jimi Ng
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Leslie M. Baehr
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - David C. Hughes
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Pooja Sridhar
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Timothy Knowles
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sue C. Bodine
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yu-Chiang Lai
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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2
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Wu KJ, Chen Q, Leung CH, Sun N, Gao F, Chen Z. Recent discoveries of the role of histone modifications and related inhibitors in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103878. [PMID: 38211819 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a common response of the heart to various pathological stimuli. In recent years, various histone modifications, including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination, have been identified to have crucial roles in regulating chromatin remodeling and cardiac hypertrophy. Novel drugs targeting these epigenetic changes have emerged as potential treatments for pathological cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the roles of histone modifications in regulating the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, and discuss potential therapeutic targets that could be utilized for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jia Wu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau; MoE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau.
| | - Ning Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu 214082, PR China.
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Zhaoyang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xin-Quan Road, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, PR China.
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3
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Rutledge CA. Molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia in heart failure. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:7. [PMID: 38455513 PMCID: PMC10919908 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The loss of skeletal muscle, also known as sarcopenia, is an aging-associated muscle disorder that is disproportionately present in heart failure (HF) patients. HF patients with sarcopenia have poor outcomes compared to the overall HF patient population. The prevalence of sarcopenia in HF is only expected to grow as the global population ages, and novel treatment strategies are needed to improve outcomes in this cohort. Multiple mechanistic pathways have emerged that may explain the increased prevalence of sarcopenia in the HF population, and a better understanding of these pathways may lead to the development of therapies to prevent muscle loss. This review article aims to explore the molecular mechanisms linking sarcopenia and HF, and to discuss treatment strategies aimed at addressing such molecular signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A. Rutledge
- Acute Medicine Section, Division of Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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4
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You H, Dong M. Prediction of diagnostic gene biomarkers for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by integrated machine learning. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231213781. [PMID: 38006610 PMCID: PMC10683566 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231213781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a leading cause of heart failure and sudden death, requires early diagnosis and treatment. This study investigated the underlying pathogenesis and explored potential diagnostic gene biomarkers for HCM. METHODS Transcriptional profiles of myocardial tissues from patients with HCM (dataset GSE36961) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and subjected to bioinformatics analyses, including differentially expressed gene (DEG) identification, enrichment analyses, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination were performed to identify candidate diagnostic gene biomarkers. mRNA expression levels of candidate biomarkers were tested in an external dataset (GSE141910); area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values were obtained to validate diagnostic efficacy. RESULTS Overall, 156 DEGs (109 downregulated, 47 upregulated) were identified. Enrichment and PPI network analyses indicated that the DEGs were involved in biological functions and molecular pathways including inflammatory response, platelet activity, complement and coagulation cascades, extracellular matrix organization, phagosome, apoptosis, and VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling. RASD1, CDC42EP4, MYH6, and FCN3 were identified as diagnostic biomarkers for HCM. CONCLUSIONS RASD1, CDC42EP4, MYH6, and FCN3 might be diagnostic gene biomarkers for HCM and can provide insights concerning HCM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun You
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengya Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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5
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Nakagama S, Maejima Y, Fan Q, Shiheido-Watanabe Y, Tamura N, Ihara K, Sasano T. Endoplasmic Reticulum Selective Autophagy Alleviates Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity. JACC CardioOncol 2023; 5:656-670. [PMID: 37969644 PMCID: PMC10635891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The administration of anthracycline drugs induces progressive and dose-related cardiac damage through several cytotoxic mechanisms, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The unfolded protein response plays a crucial role for mitigating misfolded protein accumulation induced by excessive ER stress. Objectives We aimed to clarify whether endoplasmic reticulum-selective autophagy machinery (ER-phagy) serves as an alternative system to protect cardiomyocytes from ER stress caused by anthracycline drugs. Methods Primary cultured cardiomyocytes, H9c2 cell lines, and cardiomyocyte-specific transgenic mice, all expressing ss-RFP-GFP-KDEL proteins, were used as ER-phagy reporter models. We generated loss-of-function models using RNA interference or gene-trap mutagenesis techniques. We assessed phenotypes and molecular signaling pathways using immunoblotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, cell viability assays, immunocytochemical and histopathological analyses, and cardiac ultrasonography. Results The administration of doxorubicin (Dox) activated ER-phagy in ss-RFP-GFP-KDEL-transduced cardiomyocytes. In addition, Dox-induced cardiomyopathy models of ER-phagy reporter mice showed marked activation of ER-phagy in the myocardium compared to those of saline-treated mice. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that Dox enhanced the expression of cell-cycle progression gene 1 (CCPG1), one of the ER-phagy receptors, in H9c2 cells. Ablation of CCPG1 in H9c2 cells resulted in the reduced ER-phagy activity, accumulation of proapoptotic proteins, and deterioration of cell survival against Dox administration. CCPG1-hypomorphic mice developed more severe deterioration in systolic function in response to Dox compared to wild-type mice. Conclusions Our findings highlight a compensatory role of CCPG1-driven ER-phagy in reducing Dox toxicity. With further study, ER-phagy may be a potential therapeutic target to mitigate Dox-induced cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Nakagama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Maejima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Qintao Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Shiheido-Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko Tamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sasano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Qian H, Lu Z, Hao C, Zhao Y, Bo X, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Yao Y, Ma G, Chen L. TRIM44 aggravates cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction via TAK1 stabilization. Cell Signal 2023:110744. [PMID: 37271349 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most dangerous cardiovascular events. Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological feature of remodeling after injury that is related to adverse clinical results with no effective treatment. Previous studies have confirmed that TRIM44, an E3 ligase, can promote the proliferation and migration of various tumor cells. However, the role of TRIM44 in cardiac fibrosis remains unknown. Models of TGF-β1 stimulation and MI-induced fibrosis were established to investigate the role and potential underlying mechanism of TRIM44 in cardiac fibrosis. The results showed that cardiac fibrosis was significantly inhibited after TRIM44 knockdown in a mouse model of MI, while it was enhanced when TRIM44 was overexpressed. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed that fibrosis markers were significantly reduced in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) with TRIM44 knockdown, whereas TRIM44 overexpression promoted the expression of fibrosis markers. Mechanistically, TRIM44 maintains TAK1 stability by inhibiting the degradation of k48-linked polyubiquitination-mediated ubiquitination, thereby increasing phosphorylated TAK1 expression in the fibrotic environment and activating MAPKs to promote fibrosis. Pharmacological inhibition of TAK1 phosphorylation reversed the fibrogenic effects of TRIM44 overexpression. Combined, these results suggest that TRIM44 is a potential therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengri Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chunshu Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiangwei Bo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ya Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Lishui People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Nanjing 211200, China.
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7
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Li M, Wang P, Zou Y, Wang W, Zhao Y, Liu M, Wu J, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Sun Y. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) signals are implicated in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15625. [PMID: 37180910 PMCID: PMC10172877 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications regulate numerous biochemical reactions and functions through covalent attachment to proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation and ubiquitination account for over 90% of all reported post-translational modifications. As one of the tyrosine protein kinases, spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) plays crucial roles in many pathophysiological processes and affects the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. SYK is expressed in tissues outside the hematopoietic system, especially the heart, and is involved in the progression of various cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, diabetic cardiomyopathy, stroke and others. Knowledge on the role of SYK in the progress of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases is accumulating, and many related mechanisms have been discovered and validated. This review summarizes the role of SYK in the progression of various cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and aims to provide a theoretical basis for future experimental and clinical research targeting SYK as a therapeutic option for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengbo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Andreeva S, Chumakova O, Karelkina E, Lebedeva V, Lubimtseva T, Semenov A, Nikitin A, Speshilov G, Kozyreva A, Sokolnikova P, Zhuk S, Fomicheva Y, Moiseeva O, Kostareva A. Case Report: Two New Cases of Autosomal-Recessive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Associated With TRIM63-Compound Heterozygous Variant. Front Genet 2022; 13:743472. [PMID: 35273634 PMCID: PMC8901572 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.743472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common hereditary diseases, and it is associated with fatal complications. The clinical heterogeneity of HCM requires risk prediction models to identify patients at a high risk of adverse events. Most HCM cases are caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomere proteins. However, HCM is associated with rare genetic variants with limited data about its clinical course and prognosis, and existing risk prediction models are not validated for such patients' cohorts. TRIM63 is one of the rare genes recently described as a cause of HCM with autosomal-recessive inheritance. Herein, we present two cases of HCM associated with TRIM63-compound heterozygous variants in young male sportsmen. They demonstrated progressively marked hypertrophy, advanced diastolic dysfunction, a significant degree of fibrosis detected by magnetic resonance imaging, and clear indications for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. One of the cases includes the first description of TRIM63-HCM with extreme hypertrophy. The presented cases are discussed in light of molecular consequences that might underlie cardiac and muscle phenotype in patients with mutations of TRIM63, the master regulator of striated muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Andreeva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and World-Class Research Centre for Personalized Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Chumakova
- Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs, City Clinical Hospital #17, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Karelkina
- Institute of Heart and Vessels, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Viktoriya Lebedeva
- Institute of Heart and Vessels, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tamara Lubimtseva
- Institute of Heart and Vessels, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Semenov
- Institute of Heart and Vessels, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Nikitin
- Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gleb Speshilov
- Laboratory of Genotyping, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Kozyreva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and World-Class Research Centre for Personalized Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina Sokolnikova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and World-Class Research Centre for Personalized Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Zhuk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and World-Class Research Centre for Personalized Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuliya Fomicheva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and World-Class Research Centre for Personalized Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Moiseeva
- Institute of Heart and Vessels, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Kostareva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics and World-Class Research Centre for Personalized Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Women's and Children's Health and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
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9
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Chaklader M, Rothermel BA. Calcineurin in the heart: New horizons for an old friend. Cell Signal 2021; 87:110134. [PMID: 34454008 PMCID: PMC8908812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin, also known as PP2B or PPP3, is a member of the PPP family of protein phosphatases that also includes PP1 and PP2A. Together these three phosphatases carryout the majority of dephosphorylation events in the heart. Calcineurin is distinct in that it is activated by the binding of calcium/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM) and therefore acts as a node for integrating Ca2+ signals with changes in phosphorylation, two fundamental intracellular signaling cascades. In the heart, calcineurin is primarily thought of in the context of pathological cardiac remodeling, acting through the Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cell (NFAT) family of transcription factors. However, calcineurin activity is also essential for normal heart development and homeostasis in the adult heart. Furthermore, it is clear that NFAT-driven changes in transcription are not the only relevant processes initiated by calcineurin in the setting of pathological remodeling. There is a growing appreciation for the diversity of calcineurin substrates that can impact cardiac function as well as the diversity of mechanisms for targeting calcineurin to specific sub-cellular domains in cardiomyocytes and other cardiac cell types. Here, we will review the basics of calcineurin structure, regulation, and function in the context of cardiac biology. Particular attention will be given to: the development of improved tools to identify and validate new calcineurin substrates; recent studies identifying new calcineurin isoforms with unique properties and targeting mechanisms; and the role of calcineurin in cardiac development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malay Chaklader
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Division of Cardiology) and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA.
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10
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Williams RB, Johnson CN. A Review of Calcineurin Biophysics with Implications for Cardiac Physiology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111565. [PMID: 34768996 PMCID: PMC8583826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin, also known as protein phosphatase 2B, is a heterodimeric serine threonine phosphatase involved in numerous signaling pathways. During the past 50 years, calcineurin has been the subject of extensive investigation. Many of its cellular and physiological functions have been described, and the underlying biophysical mechanisms are the subject of active investigation. With the abundance of techniques and experimental designs utilized to study calcineurin and its numerous substrates, it is difficult to reconcile the available information. There have been a plethora of reports describing the role of calcineurin in cardiac disease. However, a physiological role of calcineurin in healthy cardiomyocyte function requires clarification. Here, we review the seminal biophysical and structural details that are responsible for the molecular function and inhibition of calcineurin. We then focus on literature describing the roles of calcineurin in cardiomyocyte physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan B. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
| | - Christopher N. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39759, USA;
- Center for Arrhythmia Research and Therapeutics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Correspondence:
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11
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TRIM proteins in fibrosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112340. [PMID: 34678729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is an outcome of tissue repair after different types of injuries. The homeostasis of extracellular matrix is broken, and excessive deposition occurs, affecting the normal function of tissues and organs, which could become prostrated in serious cases.Finding a suitable target to regulate the repair process and reduce the damage caused by fibrosis is a hot research topic at present. The TRIM family is number of one of the E3 ubiquitin ligase subfamilies and participates in various biological processes including intracellular signal transduction, apoptosis, autophagy, and immunity by regulating the ubiquitination of target proteins. For the past few years, the important role of TRIM in the occurrence and development of fibrosis has been gradually revealed. In this review, we focus on the recent emerging topics on TRIM proteins in the regulation of fibrosis, fibrosis-related cytokines and pathways.
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12
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Liang L, Li H, Cao T, Qu L, Zhang L, Fan GC, Greer PA, Li J, Jones DL, Peng T. Calpain activation mediates microgravity-induced myocardial abnormalities in mice via p38 and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16840-16851. [PMID: 32989050 PMCID: PMC7864076 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The human cardiovascular system has adapted to function optimally in Earth's 1G gravity, and microgravity conditions cause myocardial abnormalities, including atrophy and dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms linking microgravity and cardiac anomalies are incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated whether and how calpain activation promotes myocardial abnormalities under simulated microgravity conditions. Simulated microgravity was induced by tail suspension in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Capns1, which disrupts activity and stability of calpain-1 and calpain-2, and their WT littermates. Tail suspension time-dependently reduced cardiomyocyte size, heart weight, and myocardial function in WT mice, and these changes were accompanied by calpain activation, NADPH oxidase activation, and oxidative stress in heart tissues. The effects of tail suspension were attenuated by deletion of Capns1 Notably, the protective effects of Capns1 deletion were associated with the prevention of phosphorylation of Ser-345 on p47 phox and attenuation of ERK1/2 and p38 activation in hearts of tail-suspended mice. Using a rotary cell culture system, we simulated microgravity in cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes and observed decreased total protein/DNA ratio and induced calpain activation, phosphorylation of Ser-345 on p47 phox , and activation of ERK1/2 and p38, all of which were prevented by calpain inhibitor-III. Furthermore, inhibition of ERK1/2 or p38 attenuated phosphorylation of Ser-345 on p47 phox in cardiomyocytes under simulated microgravity. This study demonstrates for the first time that calpain promotes NADPH oxidase activation and myocardial abnormalities under microgravity by facilitating p47 phox phosphorylation via ERK1/2 and p38 pathways. Thus, calpain inhibition may be an effective therapeutic approach to reduce microgravity-induced myocardial abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Liang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Huili Li
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lina Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter A Greer
- Division of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Queen's University Cancer Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jianmin Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Douglas L Jones
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute of London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tianqing Peng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute of London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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13
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Kaur N, Raja R, Ruiz-Velasco A, Liu W. Cellular Protein Quality Control in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: From Bench to Bedside. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:585309. [PMID: 33195472 PMCID: PMC7593653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.585309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a serious comorbidity and the most common cause of mortality in diabetes patients. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) features impaired cellular structure and function, culminating in heart failure; however, there is a dearth of specific clinical therapy for treating DCM. Protein homeostasis is pivotal for the maintenance of cellular viability under physiological and pathological conditions, particularly in the irreplaceable cardiomyocytes; therefore, it is tightly regulated by a protein quality control (PQC) system. Three evolutionarily conserved molecular processes, the unfolded protein response (UPR), the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), and autophagy, enhance protein turnover and preserve protein homeostasis by suppressing protein translation, degrading misfolded or unfolded proteins in cytosol or organelles, disposing of damaged and toxic proteins, recycling essential amino acids, and eliminating insoluble protein aggregates. In response to increased cellular protein demand under pathological insults, including the diabetic condition, a coordinated PQC system retains cardiac protein homeostasis and heart performance, on the contrary, inappropriate PQC function exaggerates cardiac proteotoxicity with subsequent heart dysfunction. Further investigation of the PQC mechanisms in diabetes propels a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of DCM and opens new prospective treatment strategies for heart disease and heart failure in diabetes patients. In this review, the function and regulation of cardiac PQC machinery in diabetes mellitus, and the therapeutic potential for the diabetic heart are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrita Kaur
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rida Raja
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Velasco
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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14
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Hoeger CW, Turissini C, Asnani A. Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity: Pathophysiology Updates. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-020-00842-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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15
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Trindade F, Saraiva F, Keane S, Leite-Moreira A, Vitorino R, Tajsharghi H, Falcão-Pires I. Preoperative myocardial expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases in aortic stenosis patients undergoing valve replacement and their association to postoperative hypertrophy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237000. [PMID: 32946439 PMCID: PMC7500680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, aortic valve replacement is the only treatment capable of relieving left ventricle pressure overload in patients with severe aortic stenosis. It aims to improve cardiac function and revert hypertrophy, by triggering myocardial reverse remodeling. Despite immediately relieving afterload, reverse remodeling turns out to be extremely variable. Among other factors, the extent of reverse remodeling may depend on how well ubiquitin-proteasome system tackle hypertrophy. Therefore, we assessed tagged ubiquitin and ubiquitin ligases in the left ventricle collected from patients undergoing valve replacement and tested their association to the degree of reverse remodeling. Patients were classified according to the regression of left ventricle mass (ΔLVM) and assigned to complete (ΔLVM≥15%) or incomplete (ΔLVM≤5%) reverse remodeling groups. No direct inter-group differences were observed. Nevertheless, correlation analysis supports a fundamental role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system during reverse remodeling. Indeed, total protein ubiquitination was associated to hypertrophic indexes such as interventricular septal thickness (r = 0.55, p = 0.03) and posterior wall thickness (r = 0.65, p = 0.009). No significant correlations were observed for Muscle Ring Finger 3. Surprisingly, though, higher levels of atrogin-1 were associated to postoperative interventricular septal thickness (r = 0.71, p = 0.005). In turn, Muscle Ring Finger 1 correlated negatively with this postoperative hypertrophy marker (r = -0.68, p = 0.005), suggesting a cardioprotective role during reverse remodeling. No significant correlations were found with left ventricle mass regression, although a trend for a negative association between the ligase Murine Double Minute 2 and mass regression (r = -0.44, p = 0.10) was found. Animal studies will be necessary to understand whether this ligase is protective or detrimental. Herein, we show, for the first time, an association between the preoperative myocardial levels of ubiquitin ligases and postoperative hypertrophy, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting ubiquitin ligases in incomplete reverse remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Trindade
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED–Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, UnIC—Cardiovascular Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Saraiva
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, UnIC—Cardiovascular Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Simon Keane
- Division Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, UnIC—Cardiovascular Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED–Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, UnIC—Cardiovascular Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Homa Tajsharghi
- Division Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, UnIC—Cardiovascular Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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16
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Peris-Moreno D, Taillandier D, Polge C. MuRF1/TRIM63, Master Regulator of Muscle Mass. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186663. [PMID: 32933049 PMCID: PMC7555135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The E3 ubiquitin ligase MuRF1/TRIM63 was identified 20 years ago and suspected to play important roles during skeletal muscle atrophy. Since then, numerous studies have been conducted to decipher the roles, molecular mechanisms and regulation of this enzyme. This revealed that MuRF1 is an important player in the skeletal muscle atrophy process occurring during catabolic states, making MuRF1 a prime candidate for pharmacological treatments against muscle wasting. Indeed, muscle wasting is an associated event of several diseases (e.g., cancer, sepsis, diabetes, renal failure, etc.) and negatively impacts the prognosis of patients, which has stimulated the search for MuRF1 inhibitory molecules. However, studies on MuRF1 cardiac functions revealed that MuRF1 is also cardioprotective, revealing a yin and yang role of MuRF1, being detrimental in skeletal muscle and beneficial in the heart. This review discusses data obtained on MuRF1, both in skeletal and cardiac muscles, over the past 20 years, regarding the structure, the regulation, the location and the different functions identified, and the first inhibitors reported, and aim to draw the picture of what is known about MuRF1. The review also discusses important MuRF1 characteristics to consider for the design of future drugs to maintain skeletal muscle mass in patients with different pathologies.
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17
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Lu F, Lu B, Zhang L, Wen J, Wang M, Zhang S, Li Q, Shu F, Sun Y, Liu N, Peng S, Zhao Y, Dong S, Zhao D, Lu F, Zhang W. Hydrogen sulphide ameliorating skeletal muscle atrophy in db/db mice via Muscle RING finger 1 S-sulfhydration. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9362-9377. [PMID: 32633463 PMCID: PMC7417732 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy occurs in many pathological states, including cancer, diabetes and sepsis, whose results primarily from accelerated protein degradation and activation of the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway. Expression of Muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, was increased to induce the loss of muscle mass in diabetic condition. However, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) plays a crucial role in the variety of physiological functions, including antihypertension, antiproliferation and antioxidant. In this study, db/db mice and C2C12 myoblasts treated by high glucose and palmitate and oleate were chose as animal and cellular models. We explored how exogenous H2S attenuated the degradation of skeletal muscle via the modification of MuRF1 S‐sulfhydration in db/db mice. Our results show cystathionine‐r‐lyase expression, and H2S level in skeletal muscle of db/db mice was reduced. Simultaneously, exogenous H2S could alleviate ROS production and reverse expression of ER stress protein markers. Exogenous H2S could decrease the ubiquitination level of MYOM1 and MYH4 in db/db mice. In addition, exogenous H2S reduced the interaction between MuRF1 with MYOM1 and MYH4 via MuRF1 S‐sulfhydration. Based on these results, we establish that H2S prevented the degradation of skeletal muscle via MuRF1 S‐sulfhydration at the site of Cys44 in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangping Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baoling Lu
- Department of Infectious, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Linxue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - JingChen Wen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qianzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Feng Shu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuo Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dechao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanghao Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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18
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Maejima Y. The critical roles of protein quality control systems in the pathogenesis of heart failure. J Cardiol 2019; 75:219-227. [PMID: 31699567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure is a refractory disease with a prevalence that has continuously increased around the world. Over the past decade, we have made remarkable progress in the treatment of heart failure, including drug therapies, device therapies, and regeneration therapies. However, as each of these heart failure therapies does not go much beyond symptomatic therapy, there is a compelling need to establish novel therapeutic strategies for heart failure in a fundamental way. As cardiomyocytes are terminally differentiated cells, protein quality control is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis, optimal performance, and longevity. There are five evolutionarily conserved mechanisms for ensuring protein quality control in cells: the ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, the unfolded protein response, SUMOylation, and NEDDylation. Recent research has clarified the molecular mechanism underlying how these processes degrade misfolded proteins and damaged organelles in cardiomyocytes. In addition, a growing body of evidence suggests that deviation from appropriate levels of protein quality control causes cellular dysfunction and death, which in turn leads to heart failure. We herein review recent advances in understanding the role of protein quality control systems in heart disease and discuss the therapeutic potential of modulating protein quality control systems in the human heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Maejima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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19
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Li B, Li S, He Q, Du S. Generation of MuRF-GFP transgenic zebrafish models for investigating murf gene expression and protein localization in Smyd1b and Hsp90α1 knockdown embryos. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 240:110368. [PMID: 31669374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Muscle-specific RING-finger proteins (MuRFs) are E3 ubiquitin ligases that play important roles in protein quality control in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Here we characterized murf gene expression and protein localization in zebrafish embryos. We found that the zebrafish genome contains six murf genes, including murf1a, murf1b, murf2a, murf2b, murf3 and a murf2-like gene that are specifically expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles of zebrafish embryos. To analyze the subcellular localization, we generated transgenic zebrafish models expressing MurF1a-GFP or MuRF2a-GFP fusion proteins. MuRF1a-GFP and MuRF2a-GFP showed distinct patterns of subcellular localization. MuRF1a-GFP displayed a striated pattern of localization in myofibers, whereas MuRF2a-GFP mainly exhibited a random pattern of punctate distribution. The MuRF1a-GFP signal appeared as small dots aligned along the M-lines of the sarcomeres in skeletal myofibers. To determine whether knockdown of smyd1b or hsp90α1 that increased myosin protein degradation could alter murf gene expression or MuRF protein localization, we knocked down smyd1b or hsp90α1 in wild type, Tg(ef1a:MurF1a-GFP) and Tg(ef1a:MuRF2a-GFP) transgenic zebrafish embryos. Knockdown of smyd1b or hsp90α1 had no effect on murf gene expression. However, the sarcomeric distribution of MuRF1a-GFP was abolished in the knockdown embryos. This was accompanied by an increased random punctate distribution of MuRF1a-GFP in muscle cells of zebrafish embryos. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that MuRFs are specifically expressed in developing muscles of zebrafish embryos. The M-line localization MuRF1a is altered by sarcomere disruption in smyd1b or hsp90α1 knockdown embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojun Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Siping Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Qiuxia He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Shaojun Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 701 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
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20
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Li J, Johnson JA, Su H. Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-like proteins in cardiac disease and protection. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 19:989-1002. [PMID: 26648080 DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666151209114608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification represents an important mechanism to regulate protein function in cardiac cells. Ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are a family of protein modifiers that share a certain extent of sequence and structure similarity. Conjugation of Ub or UBLs to target proteins is dynamically regulated by a set of UBL-specific enzymes and modulates the physical and physiological properties of protein substrates. Ub and UBLs control a strikingly wide spectrum of cellular processes and not surprisingly are involved in the development of multiple human diseases including cardiac diseases. Further identification of novel UBL targets will expand our understanding of the functional diversity of UBL pathways in physiology and pathology. Here we review recent findings on the mechanisms, proteome and functions of a subset of UBLs and highlight their potential impacts on the development and progression of various forms of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - John A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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21
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Liang L, Yuan W, Qu L, Li H, Zhang L, Fan GC, Peng T. Administration of losartan preserves cardiomyocyte size and prevents myocardial dysfunction in tail-suspended mice by inhibiting p47 phox phosphorylation, NADPH oxidase activation and MuRF1 expression. J Transl Med 2019; 17:279. [PMID: 31438970 PMCID: PMC6704685 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spaceflight or microgravity conditions cause myocardial atrophy and dysfunction, contributing to post-flight orthostatic intolerance. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood and preventive approaches are limited. This study investigated whether and how losartan, a blocker of angiotensin-II receptor, preserved cardiomyocyte size and prevented myocardial dysfunction during microgravity. Method Adult male mice were suspended with their tails to simulate microgravity. Echocardiography was performed to assess myocardial function. Heart weight and cardiomyocyte size were measured. NADPH oxidase activation was determined by analyzing membrane translocation of its cytosolic subunits including p47phox, p67phox and Rac1. Heart tissues were also assayed for oxidative stress, p47phox phosphorylation (Ser345), MuRF1 protein levels and angiotensin-II production. Results Tail-suspension for 28 days increased angiotensin-II production in hearts, decreased cardiomyocyte size and heart weight, and induced myocardial dysfunction. Administration of losartan preserved cardiomyocyte size and heart weight, and prevented myocardial dysfunction in tail-suspended mice. These cardioprotective effects of losartan were associated with inhibition of p47phox phosphorylation (Ser345), NADPH oxidase and oxidative stress in tail-suspended mouse hearts. Additionally, the NADPH oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, also reduced oxidative stress, preserved cardiomyocyte size and heart weight, and improved myocardial function in tail-suspended mice. Furthermore, losartan but not apocynin attenuated tail-suspension-induced up-regulation of MuRF1 protein in mouse hearts. Conclusions Administration of losartan preserves cardiomyocyte size and prevents myocardial dysfunction under microgravity by blocking p47phox phosphorylation and NADPH oxidase activation, and by inhibiting MuRF1 expression. Thus, losartan may be a useful drug to prevent microgravity-induced myocardial abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Liang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wenyi Yuan
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lina Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China.
| | - Huili Li
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guo-Chang Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Tianqing Peng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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22
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Lino CA, Demasi M, Barreto-Chaves ML. Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) activation in the cardiac hypertrophy of hyperthyroidism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 493:110451. [PMID: 31112742 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic pathway in eukaryotic cells. Changes in proteasome expression and activity have been associated to cardiovascular diseases as cardiac hypertrophy. Considering that cardiac hypertrophy is commonly associated to hyperthyroidism condition, the present study aimed to investigate the contribution of UPS in cardiac hypertrophy induced by thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections of triiodothyronine (T3; 7 μg/100 g of body weight) for 7 days and confirmed by raised levels of total T3 and decreased levels of total T4. In addition, systolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly increased in hyperthyroid group. Cardiac hypertrophy was confirmed in hyperthyroid group by increased heart weight/tibia length ratio and by increased α-MHC/β-MHC relative expression. Both catalytic (20SPT) and regulatory subunits (19SPT) of the constitutive proteasome were upregulated in hyperthyroid hearts. In addition, the transcripts that encode immunoproteasome subunits were also elevated. Furthermore, ATP-dependent chymotrypsin-like activity (26SPT) was significantly increased in hyperthyroid group. Despite the upregulation and activation of UPS in hyperthyroid hearts, the content of polyubiquitinated proteins was unaltered in relation to control. Together, these results evidence the activation of cardiac proteasome by thyroid hormones, which possibly contribute to the maintenance of protein quality control and regulation of cardiac hypertrophy in response to thyroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Antunes Lino
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilene Demasi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Barreto-Chaves
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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23
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Zhang Y, Liu RB, Cao Q, Fan KQ, Huang LJ, Yu JS, Gao ZJ, Huang T, Zhong JY, Mao XT, Wang F, Xiao P, Zhao Y, Feng XH, Li YY, Jin J. USP16-mediated deubiquitination of calcineurin A controls peripheral T cell maintenance. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2856-2871. [PMID: 31135381 DOI: 10.1172/jci123801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin acts as a calcium-activated phosphatase that dephosphorylates various substrates, including members of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family, to trigger their nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. However, the detailed mechanism regulating the recruitment of NFATs to calcineurin remains poorly understood. Here, we report that calcineurin A (CNA), encoded by PPP3CB or PPP3CC, is constitutively ubiquitinated on lysine 327, and this polyubiquitin chain is rapidly removed by ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 16 (USP16) in response to intracellular calcium stimulation. The K29-linked ubiquitination of CNA impairs NFAT recruitment and transcription of NFAT-targeted genes. USP16 deficiency prevents calcium-triggered deubiquitination of CNA in a manner consistent with defective maintenance and proliferation of peripheral T cells. T cell-specific USP16 knockout mice exhibit reduced severity of experimental autoimmune encephalitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Our data reveal the physiological function of CNA ubiquitination and its deubiquitinase USP16 in peripheral T cells. Notably, our results highlight a critical mechanism for the regulation of calcineurin activity and a novel immunosuppressive drug target for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Bei Liu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Cao
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Qi Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Jie Huang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Shuai Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Yan Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Tao Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Sun X, Zhao D, Lu F, Peng S, Yu M, Liu N, Sun Y, Du H, Wang B, Chen J, Dong S, Lu F, Zhang W. Hydrogen sulfide regulates muscle RING finger-1 protein S-sulfhydration at Cys 44 to prevent cardiac structural damage in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:836-856. [PMID: 30734268 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) plays important roles as a gasotransmitter in pathologies. Increased expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase, muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF1), may be involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here we have investigated whether and how exogenous H2 S alleviates cardiac muscle degradation through modifications of MuRF1 S-sulfhydration in db/db mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with high glucose (40 mM), oleate (100 μM), palmitate (400 μM), and NaHS (100 μM) for 72 hr. MuRF1 was silenced with siRNA technology and mutation at Cys44 . Endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, MuRF1 expression, and ubiquitination level were measured. db/db mice were injected with NaHS (39 μmol·kg-1 ) for 20 weeks. Echocardiography, cardiac ultrastructure, cystathionine-γ-lyase, cardiac structure proteins expression, and S-sulfhydration production were measured. KEY RESULTS H2 S levels and cystathionine-γ-lyase protein expression in myocardium were decreased in db/db mice. Exogenous H2 S reversed endoplasmic reticulum stress, including impairment of the function of cardiomyocytes and structural damage in db/db mice. Exogenous H2 S could suppress the levels of myosin heavy chain 6 and myosin light chain 2 ubiquitination in cardiac tissues of db/db mice, and MuRF1 was modified by S-sulfhydration, following treatment with exogenous H2 S, to reduce the interaction between MuRF1 and myosin heavy chain 6 and myosin light chain 2. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that H2 S regulates MuRF1 S-sulfhydration at Cys44 to prevent myocardial degradation in the cardiac tissues of db/db mice. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dechao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fangping Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuo Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haining Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bingzhu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanghao Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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25
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Yan K, Wang K, Li P. The role of post-translational modifications in cardiac hypertrophy. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:3795-3807. [PMID: 30950211 PMCID: PMC6533522 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy involves excessive protein synthesis, increased cardiac myocyte size and ultimately the development of heart failure. Thus, pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a major risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases and death in humans. Extensive research in the last decade has revealed that post‐translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, O‐GlcNAcylation, methylation and acetylation, play important roles in pathological cardiac hypertrophy pathways. These PTMs potently mediate myocardial hypertrophy responses via the interaction, stability, degradation, cellular translocation and activation of receptors, adaptors and signal transduction events. These changes occur in response to pathological hypertrophy stimuli. In this review, we summarize the roles of PTMs in regulating the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, PTMs are discussed as potential targets for treating or preventing cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaowen Yan
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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26
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Shukla SK, Rafiq K. Proteasome biology and therapeutics in cardiac diseases. Transl Res 2019; 205:64-76. [PMID: 30342797 PMCID: PMC6372329 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the major pathway for intracellular protein degradation in most organs, including the heart. UPS controls many fundamental biological processes such as cell cycle, cell division, immune responses, antigen presentation, apoptosis, and cell signaling. The UPS not only degrades substrates but also regulates activity of gene transcription at the post-transcription level. Emerging evidence suggests that impairment of UPS function is sufficient to cause a number of cardiac diseases, including heart failure, cardiomyopathies, hypertrophy, atrophy, ischemia-reperfusion, and atherosclerosis. Alterations in the expression of UPS components, changes in proteasomal peptidase activities and increased ubiquitinated and oxidized proteins have also been detected in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the pathophysiological role of the UPS in DCM has not been examined. Recently, in vitro and in vivo studies have proven highly valuable in assessing effects of various stressors on the UPS and, in some cases, suggesting a causal link between defective protein clearance and disease phenotypes in different cardiac diseases, including DCM. Translation of these findings to human disease can be greatly strengthened by corroboration of discoveries from experimental model systems using human heart tissue from well-defined patient populations. This review will summarize the general role of the UPS in different cardiac diseases, with major focus on DCM, and on recent advances in therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Kumar Shukla
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Khadija Rafiq
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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27
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Endogenous muscle atrophy F-box is involved in the development of cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 126:1-12. [PMID: 30408466 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx/atrogin-1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a crucial mediator of skeletal muscle atrophy and cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload and exercise. The role of MAFbx in the regulation of cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) remains unclear. Permanent coronary ligation of the left coronary artery was performed on MAFbx knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice and MAFbx expression in the WT mice was shown to be significantly increased in the left ventricles after MI. The mortality rate due to post-MI cardiac rupture was significantly decreased in MAFbx KO mice compared to that in the WT mice. DNA microarray and mRNA expression analyses revealed that the upregulation of genes involved in inflammatory processes and cell motility of leukocytes and neutrophils, including Mmp9, Il1b, Cxcl2, and Nlrp3, was significantly attenuated in MAFbx KO mice 1 day after MI. MAFbx downregulation inhibited nuclear factor-κB (Nfkb) activation after MI. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the myocardial infiltration of neutrophils was suppressed in MAFbx KO mice 1 day after MI. Nlrp3 and Il1b protein levels were decreased in MAFbx KO mice compared with those in the WT mice. MAFbx downregulation significantly attenuated Tnfa-induced Cxcl2, Il1b, and Nlrp3 expression in cardiomyocytes. We conclude that MAFbx plays an important role in the mediation of excessive inflammation, including neutrophil infiltration, inflammasome formation, and production of proinflammatory cytokines through the activation of Nfkb, promoting cardiac rupture after MI.
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28
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Gupta I, Varshney NK, Khan S. Emergence of Members of TRAF and DUB of Ubiquitin Proteasome System in the Regulation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Front Genet 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 30186311 PMCID: PMC6110912 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays an imperative role in many critical cellular processes, frequently by mediating the selective degradation of misfolded and damaged proteins and also by playing a non-degradative role especially important as in many signaling pathways. Over the last three decades, accumulated evidence indicated that UPS proteins are primal modulators of cell cycle progression, DNA replication, and repair, transcription, immune responses, and apoptosis. Comparatively, latest studies have demonstrated a substantial complexity by the UPS regulation in the heart. In addition, various UPS proteins especially ubiquitin ligases and proteasome have been identified to play a significant role in the cardiac development and dynamic physiology of cardiac pathologies such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertrophy, and heart failure. However, our understanding of the contribution of UPS dysfunction in the plausible development of cardiac pathophysiology and the complete list of UPS proteins regulating these afflictions is still in infancy. The recent emergence of the roles of TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAFs) and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) superfamily in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has enhanced our knowledge. In this review, we have mainly compiled the TRAF superfamily of E3 ligases and few DUBs proteins with other well-documented E3 ligases such as MDM2, MuRF-1, Atrogin-I, and TRIM 32 that are specific to myocardial hypertrophy. In this review, we also aim to highlight their expression profile following physiological and pathological stimulation leading to the onset of hypertrophic phenotype in the heart that can serve as biomarkers and the opportunity for the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- Structural Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Nishant K Varshney
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sameena Khan
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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29
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Integrated omics dissection of proteome dynamics during cardiac remodeling. Nat Commun 2018; 9:120. [PMID: 29317621 PMCID: PMC5760723 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcript abundance and protein abundance show modest correlation in many biological models, but how this impacts disease signature discovery in omics experiments is rarely explored. Here we report an integrated omics approach, incorporating measurements of transcript abundance, protein abundance, and protein turnover to map the landscape of proteome remodeling in a mouse model of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Analyzing the hypertrophy signatures that are reproducibly discovered from each omics data type across six genetic strains of mice, we find that the integration of transcript abundance, protein abundance, and protein turnover data leads to 75% gain in discovered disease gene candidates. Moreover, the inclusion of protein turnover measurements allows discovery of post-transcriptional regulations across diverse pathways, and implicates distinct disease proteins not found in steady-state transcript and protein abundance data. Our results suggest that multi-omics investigations of proteome dynamics provide important insights into disease pathogenesis in vivo.
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30
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Brown DI, Parry TL, Willis MS. Ubiquitin Ligases and Posttranslational Regulation of Energy in the Heart: The Hand that Feeds. Compr Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28640445 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a costly and deadly syndrome characterized by the reduced capacity of the heart to adequately provide systemic blood flow. Mounting evidence implicates pathological changes in cardiac energy metabolism as a contributing factor in the development of HF. While the main source of fuel in the healthy heart is the oxidation of fatty acids, in the failing heart the less energy efficient glucose and glycogen metabolism are upregulated. The ubiquitin proteasome system plays a key role in regulating metabolism via protein-degradation/regulation of autophagy and regulating metabolism-related transcription and cell signaling processes. In this review, we discuss recent research that describes the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in regulating metabolism in the context of HF. We focus on ubiquitin ligases (E3s), the component of the UPS that confers substrate specificity, and detail the current understanding of how these E3s contribute to cardiac pathology and metabolism. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:841-862, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I Brown
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Traci L Parry
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Monte S Willis
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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31
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Parra V, Rothermel BA. Calcineurin signaling in the heart: The importance of time and place. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 103:121-136. [PMID: 28007541 PMCID: PMC5778886 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The calcium-activated protein phosphatase, calcineurin, lies at the intersection of protein phosphorylation and calcium signaling cascades, where it provides an essential nodal point for coordination between these two fundamental modes of intracellular communication. In excitatory cells, such as neurons and cardiomyocytes, that experience rapid and frequent changes in cytoplasmic calcium, calcineurin protein levels are exceptionally high, suggesting that these cells require high levels of calcineurin activity. Yet, it is widely recognized that excessive activation of calcineurin in the heart contributes to pathological hypertrophic remodeling and the progression to failure. How does a calcium activated enzyme function in the calcium-rich environment of the continuously contracting heart without pathological consequences? This review will discuss the wide range of calcineurin substrates relevant to cardiovascular health and the mechanisms calcineurin uses to find and act on appropriate substrates in the appropriate location while potentially avoiding others. Fundamental differences in calcineurin signaling in neonatal verses adult cardiomyocytes will be addressed as well as the importance of maintaining heterogeneity in calcineurin activity across the myocardium. Finally, we will discuss how circadian oscillations in calcineurin activity may facilitate integration with other essential but conflicting processes, allowing a healthy heart to reap the benefits of calcineurin signaling while avoiding the detrimental consequences of sustained calcineurin activity that can culminate in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Parra
- Advanced Centre for Chronic Disease (ACCDiS), Facultad Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago,Chile; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas y Farmaceuticas, Universidad de Chie, Santiago, Chile
| | - Beverly A Rothermel
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Abstract
SUMOylation is a ubiquitin-related transient posttranslational modification pathway catalyzing the conjugation of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins (SUMO1, SUMO2, and SUMO3) to lysine residues of proteins. SUMOylation targets a wide variety of cellular regulators and thereby affects a multitude of different cellular processes. SUMO/sentrin-specific proteases are able to remove SUMOs from targets, contributing to a tight control of SUMOylated proteins. Genetic and cell biological experiments indicate a critical role of balanced SUMOylation/deSUMOylation for proper cardiac development, metabolism, and stress adaptation. Here, we review the current knowledge about SUMOylation/deSUMOylation in the heart and provide an integrated picture of cardiac functions of the SUMO system under physiologic or pathologic conditions. We also describe potential therapeutic approaches targeting the SUMO machinery to combat heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mendler
- From the Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (L.M., S.M.); Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary (L.M.); and Department I - Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T.B.)
| | - Thomas Braun
- From the Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (L.M., S.M.); Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary (L.M.); and Department I - Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T.B.).
| | - Stefan Müller
- From the Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany (L.M., S.M.); Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary (L.M.); and Department I - Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (T.B.).
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gao
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (C.G.) and Medicine and Physiology (C.G., Y.W.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Yibin Wang
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology (C.G.) and Medicine and Physiology (C.G., Y.W.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.
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34
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Steroidal and Nonsteroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Cause Differential Cardiac Gene Expression in Pressure Overload-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2016; 67:402-11. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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35
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Bai T, Wang F, Mellen N, Zheng Y, Cai L. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E473-83. [PMID: 26732687 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of mortality in diabetes. As the number of cases of diabetes continues to rise, it is urgent to develop new strategies to protect against DCM, which is characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, increased apoptosis, fibrosis, and altered insulin metabolism. The E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s), one component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, play vital roles in all of the features of DCM listed above. They also modulate the activity of several transcription factors involved in the pathogenesis of DCM. In addition, the E3s degrade both insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrates and also regulate insulin gene transcription, leading to insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. Therefore, the E3s may be a driving force for DCM. This review summarizes currently available studies to analyze the roles of the E3s in DCM, enriches our knowledge of how DCM develops, and provides a novel strategy to protect heart from diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Bai
- Cardiovascular Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Fan Wang
- Internal Medicine, People's Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China; and
| | - Nicholas Mellen
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Yang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China;
| | - Lu Cai
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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36
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Spaich S, Katus HA, Backs J. Ongoing controversies surrounding cardiac remodeling: is it black and white-or rather fifty shades of gray? Front Physiol 2015; 6:202. [PMID: 26257654 PMCID: PMC4510775 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling describes the heart's multimodal response to a myriad of external or intrinsic stimuli and stressors most of which are probably only incompletely elucidated to date. Over many years the signaling molecules involved in these remodeling processes have been dichotomized according to a classic antagonistic view of black and white, i.e., attributed either a solely maladaptive or entirely beneficial character. By dissecting controversies, recent developments and shifts in perspective surrounding the three major cardiac signaling molecules calcineurin (Cn), protein kinase A (PKA) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), this review challenges this dualistic view and advocates the nature and dignity of each of these key mediators of cardiac remodeling as a multilayered, highly context-sensitive and sophisticated continuum that can be markedly swayed and influenced by a multitude of environmental factors and crosstalk mechanisms. Furthermore this review delineates the importance and essential contributions of degradation and proteolysis to cardiac plasticity and homeostasis and finally aims to integrate the various aspects of protein synthesis and turnover into a comprehensive picture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Spaich
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/MannheimHeidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A. Katus
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/MannheimHeidelberg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Backs
- Research Unit Cardiac Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of HeidelbergHeidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Heidelberg/MannheimHeidelberg, Germany
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37
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Multifidus Muscle Changes After Back Injury Are Characterized by Structural Remodeling of Muscle, Adipose and Connective Tissue, but Not Muscle Atrophy: Molecular and Morphological Evidence. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2015; 40:1057-71. [PMID: 25943090 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal case-controlled animal study. OBJECTIVE To investigate putative cellular mechanisms to explain structural changes in muscle and adipose and connective tissues of the back muscles after intervertebral disc (IVD) injury. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Structural back muscle changes are ubiquitous with back pain/injury and considered relevant for outcome, but their exact nature, time course, and cellular mechanisms remain elusive. We used an animal model that produces phenotypic back muscle changes after IVD injury to study these issues at the cellular/molecular level. METHODS Multifidus muscle was harvested from both sides of the spine at L1-L2 and L3-L4 IVDs in 27 castrated male sheep at 3 (n = 10) or 6 (n = 17) months after a surgical anterolateral IVD injury at both levels. Ten control sheep underwent no surgery (3 mo, n = 4; 6 mo, n = 6). Tissue was harvested at L4 for histological analysis of cross-sectional area of muscle and adipose and connective tissue (whole muscle), plus immunohistochemistry to identify proportion and cross-sectional area of individual muscle fiber types in the deepest fascicle. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction measured gene expression of typical cytokines/signaling molecules at L2. RESULTS Contrary to predictions, there was no multifidus muscle atrophy (whole muscle or individual fiber). There was increased adipose and connective tissue (fibrotic proliferation) cross-sectional area and slow-to-fast muscle fiber transition at 6 but not 3 months. Within the multifidus muscle, increases in the expression of several cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β) and molecules that signal trophic/atrophic processes for the 3 tissue types (e.g., growth factor pathway [IGF-1, PI3k, Akt1, mTOR], potent tissue modifiers [calcineurin, PCG-1α, and myostatin]) were present. CONCLUSION This study provides cellular evidence that refutes the presence of multifidus muscle atrophy accompanying IVD degeneration at this intermediate time point. Instead, adipose/connective tissue increased in parallel with the expression of the genes that provide putative mechanisms for multifidus structural remodeling. This provides novel targets for pharmacological and physical interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Maejima
- From the Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (Y.M., J.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.)
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- From the Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (Y.M., J.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.).
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Fiedler LR, Maifoshie E, Schneider MD. Mouse models of heart failure: cell signaling and cell survival. Curr Top Dev Biol 2014; 109:171-247. [PMID: 24947238 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-397920-9.00002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the paramount global causes of morbidity and mortality. Despite this pandemic need, the available clinical counter-measures have not altered substantially in recent decades, most notably in the context of pharmacological interventions. Cell death plays a causal role in heart failure, and its inhibition poses a promising approach that has not been thoroughly explored. In previous approaches to target discovery, clinical failures have reflected a deficiency in mechanistic understanding, and in some instances, failure to systematically translate laboratory findings toward the clinic. Here, we review diverse mouse models of heart failure, with an emphasis on those that identify potential targets for pharmacological inhibition of cell death, and on how their translation into effective therapies might be improved in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna R Fiedler
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Evie Maifoshie
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael D Schneider
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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