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Liu J, Wang C, Qiu S, Sun W, Yang G, Yuan L. Toward Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Targets, Strategies, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1416-1428. [PMID: 38391247 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes vasculopathy is a significant complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and early identification and timely intervention can effectively slow the progression. Accumulating studies have shown that diabetes causes vascular complications directly or indirectly through a variety of mechanisms. Direct imaging of the endothelial molecular changes not only identifies the early stage of diabetes vasculopathy but also sheds light on the precise treatment. Targeted ultrasound contrast agent (UCA)-based ultrasound molecular imaging (UMI) can noninvasively detect the expression status of molecular biomarkers overexpressed in the vasculature, thereby being a potential strategy for the diagnosis and treatment response evaluation of DM. Amounts of efforts have been focused on identification of the molecular targets expressed in the vasculature, manufacturing strategies of the targeted UCA, and the clinical translation for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in both micro- and macrovasculopathy in DM. This review summarizes the latest research progress on endothelium-targeted UCA and discusses their promising future and challenges in diabetes vasculopathy theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Shuo Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Wenqi Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
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Curaj A, Vanholder R, Loscalzo J, Quach K, Wu Z, Jankowski V, Jankowski J. Cardiovascular Consequences of Uremic Metabolites: an Overview of the Involved Signaling Pathways. Circ Res 2024; 134:592-613. [PMID: 38422175 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The crosstalk of the heart with distant organs such as the lung, liver, gut, and kidney has been intensively approached lately. The kidney is involved in (1) the production of systemic relevant products, such as renin, as part of the most essential vasoregulatory system of the human body, and (2) in the clearance of metabolites with systemic and organ effects. Metabolic residue accumulation during kidney dysfunction is known to determine cardiovascular pathologies such as endothelial activation/dysfunction, atherosclerosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, and vascular and valvular calcification, leading to hypertension, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and cardiomyopathies. However, this review offers an overview of the uremic metabolites and details their signaling pathways involved in cardiorenal syndrome and the development of heart failure. A holistic view of the metabolites, but more importantly, an exhaustive crosstalk of their known signaling pathways, is important for depicting new therapeutic strategies in the cardiovascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Curaj
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Raymond Vanholder
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Section, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium (R.V.)
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.L.)
| | - Kaiseng Quach
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Zhuojun Wu
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
- Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.J.)
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (J.J.)
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Möckel D, Bartneck M, Niemietz P, Wagner M, Ehling J, Rama E, Weiler M, Gremse F, Eulberg D, Pola R, Pechar M, Etrych T, Storm G, Kiessling F, Tacke F, Lammers T. CCL2 chemokine inhibition primes the tumor vasculature for improved nanomedicine delivery and efficacy. J Control Release 2024; 365:358-368. [PMID: 38016488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessel functionality is crucial for efficient tumor-targeted drug delivery. Heterogeneous distribution and perfusion of angiogenic blood vessels contribute to suboptimal accumulation of (nano-) therapeutics in tumors and metastases. To attenuate pathological angiogenesis, an L-RNA aptamer inhibiting the CC motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) was administered to mice bearing orthotopic 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer tumors. The effect of CCL2 inhibition on tumor blood vessel functionality and tumor-targeted drug delivery was evaluated via multimodal and multiscale optical imaging, employing fluorophore-labeled polymeric (10 nm) and liposomal (100 nm) nanocarriers. Anti-CCL2 treatment induced a dose-dependent anti-angiogenic effect, reflected by a decreased relative blood volume, increased blood vessel maturity and functionality, and reduced macrophage infiltration, accompanied by a shift in the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) towards a less M2-like and more M1-like phenotype. In line with this, CCL2 inhibitor treatment improved the delivery of polymers and liposomes to tumors, and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of free and liposomal doxorubicin. Together, these findings demonstrate that blocking the CCL2-CCR2 axis modulates TAM infiltration and polarization, resulting in vascular normalization and improved tumor-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Möckel
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Bartneck
- Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Patricia Niemietz
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Wagner
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Josef Ehling
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elena Rama
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marek Weiler
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Gremse
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany; Gremse-IT GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Robert Pola
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Pechar
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Etrych
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Department of Biomaterials, Science and Technology, University of Twente, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Charité Campus Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany.
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Xu Y, Zheng H, Schumacher D, Liehn EA, Slabu I, Rusu M. Recent Advancements of Specific Functionalized Surfaces of Magnetic Nano- and Microparticles as a Theranostics Source in Biomedicine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1914-1932. [PMID: 33856199 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nano- and microparticles (MNMPs) belong to a highly versatile class of colloids with actuator and sensor properties that have been broadly studied for their application in theranostics such as molecular imaging and drug delivery. The use of advanced biocompatible, biodegradable polymers and polyelectrolytes as MNMP coating materials is essential to ensure the stability of MNMPs and enable efficient drug release while at the same time preventing cytotoxic effects. In the past years, huge progress has been made in terms of the design of MNMPs. Especially, the understanding of coating formation with respect to control of drug loading and release kinetics on the molecular level has significantly advanced. In this review, recent advancements in the field of MNMP surface engineering and the applicability of MNMPs in research fields of medical imaging, diagnosis, and nanotherapeutics are presented and discussed. Furthermore, in this review the main emphasis is put on the manipulation of biological specimens and cell trafficking, for which MNMPs represent a favorable tool enabling transport processes of drugs through cell membranes. Finally, challenges and future perspectives for applications of MNMPs as theranostic nanomaterials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Huabo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology, and Intensive Care, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - David Schumacher
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elisa Anamaria Liehn
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology, and Intensive Care, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology "Victor Babes", Splaiul Independentei nr. 99-101, Sector 5, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Slabu
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mihaela Rusu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology "Victor Babes", Splaiul Independentei nr. 99-101, Sector 5, 050096 Bucharest, Romania.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Merckx G, Tay H, Lo Monaco M, van Zandvoort M, De Spiegelaere W, Lambrichts I, Bronckaers A. Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay as Model for Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: Focus on Stem Cells. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:519-539. [PMID: 32220219 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to structurally and functionally regenerate damaged tissues, which requires the formation of new blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients by the process of angiogenesis. Stem cells are a promising tool in regenerative medicine due to their combined differentiation and paracrine angiogenic capacities. The study of their proangiogenic properties and associated potential for tissue regeneration requires complex in vivo models comprising all steps of the angiogenic process. The highly vascularized extraembryonic chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs offers a simple, easy accessible, and cheap angiogenic screening tool compared to other animal models. Although the CAM assay was initially primarily performed for evaluation of tumor growth and metastasis, stem cell studies using this model are increasing. In this review, a detailed summary of angiogenic observations of different mesenchymal, cardiac, and endothelial stem cell types and derivatives in the CAM model is presented. Moreover, we focus on the variation in experimental setup, including the benefits and limitations of in ovo and ex ovo protocols, diverse biological and synthetic scaffolds, imaging techniques, and outcome measures of neovascularization. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of the CAM assay as a model for angiogenesis in tissue engineering in comparison with alternative in vivo animal models are described. Impact statement The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is an easy and cheap screening tool for the angiogenic properties of stem cells and their associated potential in the tissue engineering field. This review offers an overview of all published angiogenic studies of stem cells using this model, with emphasis on the variation in used experimental timeline, culture protocol (in ovo vs. ex ovo), stem cell type (derivatives), scaffolds, and outcome measures of vascularization. The purpose of this overview is to aid tissue engineering researchers to determine the ideal CAM experimental setup based on their specific study goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greet Merckx
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanna Tay
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Melissa Lo Monaco
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, Integrated Veterinary Research Unit-Namur Research Institute for Life Science (IVRU-NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM and School for Oncology and Development GROW, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ward De Spiegelaere
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Molecular imaging of inflammation - Current and emerging technologies for diagnosis and treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 211:107550. [PMID: 32325067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a key factor in multiple diseases including primary immune-mediated inflammatory diseases e.g. rheumatoid arthritis but also, less obviously, in many other common conditions, e.g. cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Together, chronic inflammatory diseases contribute to the majority of global morbidity and mortality. However, our understanding of the underlying processes by which the immune response is activated and sustained is limited by a lack of cellular and molecular information obtained in situ. Molecular imaging is the visualization, detection and quantification of molecules in the body. The ability to reveal information on inflammatory biomarkers, pathways and cells can improve disease diagnosis, guide and monitor therapeutic intervention and identify new targets for research. The optimum molecular imaging modality will possess high sensitivity and high resolution and be capable of non-invasive quantitative imaging of multiple disease biomarkers while maintaining an acceptable safety profile. The mainstays of current clinical imaging are computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US) and nuclear imaging such as positron emission tomography (PET). However, none of these have yet progressed to routine clinical use in the molecular imaging of inflammation, therefore new approaches are required to meet this goal. This review sets out the respective merits and limitations of both established and emerging imaging modalities as clinically useful molecular imaging tools in addition to potential theranostic applications.
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Vigne J, Thackeray J, Essers J, Makowski M, Varasteh Z, Curaj A, Karlas A, Canet-Soulas E, Mulder W, Kiessling F, Schäfers M, Botnar R, Wildgruber M, Hyafil F. Current and Emerging Preclinical Approaches for Imaging-Based Characterization of Atherosclerosis. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 20:869-887. [PMID: 30250990 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1264-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaques can remain quiescent for years, but become life threatening upon rupture or disruption, initiating clot formation in the vessel lumen and causing acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Whether and how a plaque ruptures is determined by its macroscopic structure and microscopic composition. Rupture-prone plaques usually consist of a thin fibrous cap with few smooth muscle cells, a large lipid core, a dense infiltrate of inflammatory cells, and neovessels. Such lesions, termed high-risk plaques, can remain asymptomatic until the thrombotic event. Various imaging technologies currently allow visualization of morphological and biological characteristics of high-risk atherosclerotic plaques. Conventional protocols are often complex and lack specificity for high-risk plaque. Conversely, new imaging approaches are emerging which may overcome these limitations. Validation of these novel imaging techniques in preclinical models of atherosclerosis is essential for effective translational to clinical practice. Imaging the vessel wall, as well as its biological milieu in small animal models, is challenging because the vessel wall is a small structure that undergoes continuous movements imposed by the cardiac cycle as it is adjacent to circulating blood. The focus of this paper is to provide a state-of-the-art review on techniques currently available for preclinical imaging of atherosclerosis in small animal models and to discuss the advantages and limitations of each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Vigne
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, AP-HP; INSERM, U-1148, DHU FIRE, University Diderot, Paris, France
| | - James Thackeray
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeroen Essers
- Departments of Vascular Surgery, Molecular Genetics, Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Makowski
- Department of Radiology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zoreh Varasteh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Adelina Curaj
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Angelos Karlas
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Canet-Soulas
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, Lyon/Hospices Civils Lyon, IHU OPERA Cardioprotection, Université de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Willem Mulder
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - René Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Moritz Wildgruber
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Fabien Hyafil
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, AP-HP; INSERM, U-1148, DHU FIRE, University Diderot, Paris, France. .,Département de Médecine Nucléaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France.
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Li B, Aid-Launais R, Labour MN, Zenych A, Juenet M, Choqueux C, Ollivier V, Couture O, Letourneur D, Chauvierre C. Functionalized polymer microbubbles as new molecular ultrasound contrast agent to target P-selectin in thrombus. Biomaterials 2019; 194:139-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Molecular Imaging of a New Multimodal Microbubble for Adhesion Molecule Targeting. Cell Mol Bioeng 2018; 12:15-32. [PMID: 31719897 PMCID: PMC6816780 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-018-00562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation is an important risk-associated component of many diseases and can be diagnosed by molecular imaging of specific molecules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of targeting adhesion molecules on inflammation-activated endothelial cells and macrophages using an innovative multimodal polyvinyl alcohol-based microbubble (MB) contrast agent developed for diagnostic use in ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and nuclear imaging. Methods We assessed the binding efficiency of antibody-conjugated multimodal contrast to inflamed murine or human endothelial cells (ECs), and to peritoneal macrophages isolated from rats with peritonitis, utilizing the fluorescence characteristics of the MBs. Single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) was used to illustrate 99mTc-labeled MB targeting and distribution in an experimental in vivo model of inflammation. Results Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy showed that binding of antibody-targeted MBs to the adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1, or E-selectin, expressed on cytokine-stimulated ECs, was up to sixfold higher for human and 12-fold higher for mouse ECs, compared with that of non-targeted MBs. Under flow conditions, both VCAM-1- and E-selectin-targeted MBs adhered more firmly to stimulated human ECs than to untreated cells, while VCAM-1-targeted MBs adhered best to stimulated murine ECs. SPECT imaging showed an approximate doubling of signal intensity from the abdomen of rats with peritonitis, compared with healthy controls, after injection of anti-ICAM-1-MBs. Conclusions This novel multilayer contrast agent can specifically target adhesion molecules expressed as a result of inflammatory stimuli in vitro, and has potential for use in disease-specific multimodal diagnostics in vivo using antibodies against targets of interest.
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Molecular ultrasound imaging of JAM-A depicts early arterial inflammation. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:2222-2223. [PMID: 30219803 PMCID: PMC6188502 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Small DM, Jones JS, Tendler II, Miller PE, Ghetti A, Nishimura N. Label-free imaging of atherosclerotic plaques using third-harmonic generation microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:214-229. [PMID: 29359098 PMCID: PMC5772576 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy using laser sources in the mid-infrared range (MIR, 1,300 nm and 1,700 nm) was used to image atherosclerotic plaques from murine and human samples. Third harmonic generation (THG) from atherosclerotic plaques revealed morphological details of cellular and extracellular lipid deposits. Simultaneous nonlinear optical signals from the same laser source, including second harmonic generation and endogenous fluorescence, resulted in label-free images of various layers within the diseased vessel wall. The THG signal adds an endogenous contrast mechanism with a practical degree of specificity for atherosclerotic plaques that complements current nonlinear optical methods for the investigation of cardiovascular disease. Our use of whole-mount tissue and backward scattered epi-detection suggests THG could potentially be used in the future as a clinical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Small
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 526 N. Campus Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Contributed equally
| | - Jason S. Jones
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 526 N. Campus Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Contributed equally
| | - Irwin I. Tendler
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 526 N. Campus Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Paul E. Miller
- Anabios Corporation, 3030 Bunker Hill St., San Diego, CA 92109, USA
| | - Andre Ghetti
- Anabios Corporation, 3030 Bunker Hill St., San Diego, CA 92109, USA
| | - Nozomi Nishimura
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 526 N. Campus Rd., Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Curaj A, Wu Z, Rix A, Gresch O, Sternkopf M, Alampour-Rajabi S, Lammers T, van Zandvoort M, Weber C, Koenen RR, Liehn EA, Kiessling F. Molecular Ultrasound Imaging of Junctional Adhesion Molecule A Depicts Acute Alterations in Blood Flow and Early Endothelial Dysregulation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 38:40-48. [PMID: 29191926 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) is physiologically located in interendothelial tight junctions and focally redistributes to the luminal surface of blood vessels under abnormal shear and flow conditions accompanying atherosclerotic lesion development. Therefore, JAM-A was evaluated as a target for molecularly targeted ultrasound imaging of transient endothelial dysfunction under acute blood flow variations. APPROACH AND RESULTS Flow-dependent endothelial dysfunction was induced in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (n=43) by carotid partial ligation. JAM-A expression was investigated by molecular ultrasound using antibody-targeted poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) microbubbles and validated with immunofluorescence. Flow disturbance and arterial remodeling were assessed using functional ultrasound. Partial ligation led to an immediate drop in perfusion at the ligated side and a direct compensatory increase at the contralateral side. This was accompanied by a strongly increased JAM-A expression and JAM-A-targeted microbubbles binding at the partially ligated side and by a moderate and temporary increase in the contralateral artery (≈14× [P<0.001] and ≈5× [P<0.001] higher than control, respectively), both peaking after 2 weeks. Subsequently, although JAM-A expression and JAM-A-targeted microbubbles binding persisted at a higher level at the partially ligated side, it completely normalized within 4 weeks at the contralateral side. CONCLUSIONS Temporary blood flow variations induce endothelial rearrangement of JAM-A, which can be visualized using JAM-A-targeted microbubbles. Thus, JAM-A may be considered as a marker of acute endothelial activation and dysfunction. Its imaging may facilitate the early detection of cardiovascular risk areas, and it enables the therapeutic prevention of their progression toward an irreversible pathological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Curaj
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Zhuojun Wu
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Anne Rix
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Oliver Gresch
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Marieke Sternkopf
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Setareh Alampour-Rajabi
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Twan Lammers
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Rory R Koenen
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Elisa A Liehn
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.)
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- From the Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR) (A.C., Z.W., M.S., S.A.-R., M.v.Z., E.A.L.), and Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI) (A.C., Z.W., A.R., T.L., F.K.), University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen, Germany; Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania (A.C.); AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany (O.G.); Department of Targeted Therapeutics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., R.R.K.); Department of Biochemistry, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands (M.v.Z., C.W.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance (DZHK), Germany (C.W.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany (C.W.); and Human Genetic Laboratory, University for Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania (E.A.L.).
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Juenet M, Aid-Launais R, Li B, Berger A, Aerts J, Ollivier V, Nicoletti A, Letourneur D, Chauvierre C. Thrombolytic therapy based on fucoidan-functionalized polymer nanoparticles targeting P-selectin. Biomaterials 2017; 156:204-216. [PMID: 29216534 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is the standard drug treatment for thrombolysis. However, rt-PA shows risk of hemorrhages and limited efficiency even at high doses. Polysaccharide-poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles functionalized with fucoidan and loaded with rt-PA were designed to accumulate on the thrombus. Fucoidan has a nanomolar affinity for the P-selectin expressed by activated platelets in the thrombus. Solid spherical fluorescent nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 136 ± 4 nm were synthesized by redox radical emulsion polymerization. The clinical rt-PA formulation was successfully loaded by adsorption on aminated nanoparticles and able to be released in vitro. We validated the in vitro fibrinolytic activity and binding under flow to both recombinant P-selectin and activated platelet aggregates. The thrombolysis efficiency was demonstrated in a mouse model of venous thrombosis by monitoring the platelet density with intravital microscopy. This study supports the hypothesis that fucoidan-nanoparticles improve the rt-PA efficiency. This work establishes the proof-of-concept of fucoidan-based carriers for targeted thrombolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Juenet
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rachida Aid-Launais
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; FRIM, INSERM UMS 034 Paris Diderot University, X. Bichat Hospital, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Bo Li
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Alice Berger
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Joël Aerts
- FRIM, INSERM UMS 034 Paris Diderot University, X. Bichat Hospital, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Antonino Nicoletti
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Chauvierre
- INSERM, U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, X. Bichat Hospital, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France; Paris Diderot University, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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14
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Wu Z, Rademakers T, Kiessling F, Vogt M, Westein E, Weber C, Megens RT, van Zandvoort M. Multi-photon microscopy in cardiovascular research. Methods 2017; 130:79-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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15
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Sun R, Tian J, Zhang J, Wang L, Guo J, Liu Y. Monitoring inflammation injuries in the progression of atherosclerosis with contrast enhanced ultrasound molecular imaging. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186155. [PMID: 28982198 PMCID: PMC5628944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) on vascular endothelium plays a great role in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). In this study, ultrasound molecular imaging was performed to monitor the inflammation injuries in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis with microbubbles targeted to VCAM-1. Methods Mice deficient for the apolipoprotein E (ApoE-/-mice) with high-cholesterol diet were studied as an age-dependent model of atherosclerosis. At 8, 16, 24, and 32 weeks of age, contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEU) molecular imaging of proximal ascending aorta was performed with microbubbles targeted to VCAM-1. Plaque size, monocytes infiltration and the expression of VCAM-1 in the proximal ascending aorta were assessed by histology and western blot analysis, separately. Results In ApoE-/- mice, molecular imaging for VCAM-1 detected selective signal enhancement (P<0.01 versus non-targeted microbubbles) at all ages of ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, signals from targeted microbubbles increased from 8wks to 32wks age (P<0.05 for trend) in ApoE-/- mice, indicating the upregulation of VCAM-1 with the progression of atherosclerosis. Consistent with CEU imaging results, both western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed the expression of VCAM-1 and monocytes infiltration were age-dependent in ApoE-/- mice. Conclusions CEU molecular imaging can be used to noninvasively detect the VCAM-1 expression on the endothelium in the progression of atherosclerosis. By investigating specific molecular biomarkers, it could help to monitor the inflammation and the progression of AS, which may in some extent contribute to the prediction of vulnerable plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Sun
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yani Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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16
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PBCA-based polymeric microbubbles for molecular imaging and drug delivery. J Control Release 2017; 259:128-135. [PMID: 28279799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbubbles (MB) are routinely used as contrast agents for ultrasound (US) imaging. We describe different types of targeted and drug-loaded poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) MB, and demonstrate their suitability for multiple biomedical applications, including molecular US imaging and US-mediated drug delivery. Molecular imaging of angiogenic tumor blood vessels and inflamed atherosclerotic endothelium is performed by modifying the surface of PBCA MB with peptides and antibodies recognizing E-selectin and VCAM-1. Stable and inertial cavitation of PBCA MB enables sonoporation and permeabilization of blood vessels in tumors and in the brain, which can be employed for direct and indirect drug delivery. Direct drug delivery is based on US-induced release of (model) drug molecules from the MB shell. Indirect drug delivery refers to US- and MB-mediated enhancement of extravasation and penetration of co-administered drugs and drug delivery systems. These findings are in line with recently reported pioneering proof-of-principle studies showing the usefulness of (phospholipid) MB for molecular US imaging and sonoporation-enhanced drug delivery in patients. They aim to exemplify the potential and the broad applicability of combining MB with US to improve disease diagnosis and therapy.
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17
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Spivak I, Rix A, Schmitz G, Fokong S, Iranzo O, Lederle W, Kiessling F. Low-Dose Molecular Ultrasound Imaging with E-Selectin-Targeted PBCA Microbubbles. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:180-90. [PMID: 26391990 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our objective was to determine the lowest diagnostically effective dose for E-selectin-targeted poly n-butyl cyanoacrylate (PBCA)-shelled microbubbles and to apply it to monitor antiangiogenic therapy effects. PROCEDURES PBCA-shelled microbubbles (MBs) coupled to an E-selectin-specific peptide were applied in mice carrying MLS or A431 carcinoma xenografts scaling down the MB dosage to the lowest level where binding could be examined with a 18-MHz small animal ultrasound transducer. Differences in E-selectin expression in the two carcinoma xenografts were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, MLS tumor-bearing mice under antiangiogenic therapy were monitored using E-selectin-targeted MBs at the lowest applicable dose. Therapy effects on tumor vascularization were verified by immunohistological analyses. RESULTS The minimally required dosage was 7 × 10(7) MBs/kg body weight. This dosage was sufficient to enable E-selectin detection in high E-selectin-expressing MLS tumors, while low E-selectin-expressing A431 tumors required almost 2.5-fold higher doses. At the dose of 7 × 10(7) MBs/kg body weight, a decrease in E-selectin MB binding under antiangiogenic therapy could be assessed (being significant after 3 days of treatment; p < 0.0001), which was in line with the significant drop in E-selectin-positive area fractions that was found histologically (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Molecular ultrasound imaging with our E-selectin-targeted MB and therapy monitoring was possible down to a dose of 7 × 10(7) MBs/kg body weight (equates to 66 μg PBCA/kg and 4.6 mg PBCA/70 kg). Improvements in choice of targets, MB composition, and other MB detection methods may improve sensitivity and lead to reliable detection results of clinically transferrable MBs at even lower dosage levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Spivak
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Rix
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Schmitz
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stanley Fokong
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Olga Iranzo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.,Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Wiltrud Lederle
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. .,Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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18
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Ergen C, Heymann F, Al Rawashdeh W, Gremse F, Bartneck M, Panzer U, Pola R, Pechar M, Storm G, Mohr N, Barz M, Zentel R, Kiessling F, Trautwein C, Lammers T, Tacke F. Targeting distinct myeloid cell populations in vivo using polymers, liposomes and microbubbles. Biomaterials 2016; 114:106-120. [PMID: 27855336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Identifying intended or accidental cellular targets for drug delivery systems is highly relevant for evaluating therapeutic and toxic effects. However, limited knowledge exists on the distribution of nano- and micrometer-sized carrier systems at the cellular level in different organs. We hypothesized that clinically relevant carrier materials, differing in composition and size, are able to target distinct myeloid cell subsets that control inflammatory processes, such as macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes and dendritic cells. Therefore, we analyzed the biodistribution and in vivo cellular uptake of intravenously injected poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide) polymers, PEGylated liposomes and poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) microbubbles in mice, using whole-body imaging (computed tomography - fluorescence-mediated tomography), intra-organ imaging (intravital multi-photon microscopy) and cellular analysis (flow cytometry of blood, liver, spleen, lung and kidney). While the three carrier materials shared accumulation in tissue macrophages in liver and spleen, they notably differed in uptake by other myeloid subsets. Kupffer cells and splenic red pulp macrophages rapidly take up microbubbles. Liposomes efficiently reach dendritic cells in liver, lung and kidney. Polymers exhibit the longest circulation half-life and target endothelial cells in the liver, neutrophils and alveolar macrophages. The identification of such previously unrecognized target cell populations might open up new avenues for more efficient drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Ergen
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Heymann
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wa'el Al Rawashdeh
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Gremse
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Bartneck
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Pola
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Michal Pechar
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Mohr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rudolf Zentel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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Ultrasound molecular imaging of tumor angiogenesis with a neuropilin-1-targeted microbubble. Biomaterials 2015; 56:104-13. [PMID: 25934284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound molecular imaging has great potential to impact early disease diagnosis, evaluation of disease progression and the development of target-specific therapy. In this paper, two neuropilin-1 (NRP) targeted peptides, CRPPR and ATWLPPR, were conjugated onto the surface of lipid microbubbles (MBs) to evaluate molecular imaging of tumor angiogenesis in a breast cancer model. Development of a molecular imaging agent using CRPPR has particular importance due to the previously demonstrated internalizing capability of this and similar ligands. In vitro, CRPPR MBs bound to an NRP-expressing cell line 2.6 and 15.6 times more than ATWLPPR MBs and non-targeted (NT) MBs, respectively, and the binding was inhibited by pretreating the cells with an NRP antibody. In vivo, the backscattered intensity within the tumor, relative to nearby vasculature, increased over time during the ∼6 min circulation of the CRPPR-targeted contrast agents providing high contrast images of angiogenic tumors. Approximately 67% of the initial signal from CRPPR MBs remained bound after the majority of circulating MBs had cleared (8 min), 8 and 4.5 times greater than ATWLPPR and NT MBs, respectively. Finally, at 7-21 days after the first injection, we found that CRPPR MBs cleared faster from circulation and tumor accumulation was reduced likely due to a complement-mediated recognition of the targeted microbubble and a decrease in angiogenic vasculature, respectively. In summary, we find that CRPPR MBs specifically bind to NRP-expressing cells and provide an effective new agent for molecular imaging of angiogenesis.
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Curaj A, Wu Z, Fokong S, Liehn EA, Weber C, Burlacu A, Lammers T, van Zandvoort M, Kiessling F. Noninvasive molecular ultrasound monitoring of vessel healing after intravascular surgical procedures in a preclinical setup. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:1366-73. [PMID: 25838431 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular interventions induce damage to the vessel wall making antithrombotic therapy inevitable until complete endothelial recovery. Without a method to accurately determine the endothelial status, many patients undergo prolonged anticoagulation therapy, denying them any invasive medical procedures, such as surgical operations and dental interventions. Therefore, we aim to introduce molecular ultrasound imaging of the vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 using targeted poly-n-butylcyanoacrylate microbubbles (MB(VCAM-1)) as an easy accessible method to monitor accurately the reendothelialization of vessels. APPROACH AND RESULTS ApoE(-/-) mice were fed with an atherogenic diet for 1 and 12 weeks and subsequently, endothelial denudation was performed in the carotid arteries using a guidewire. Molecular ultrasound imaging was performed at different time points after denudation (1, 3, 7, and 14 days). An increased MB(VCAM-1) binding after 1 day, a peak after 3 days, and a decrease after 7 days was found. After 12 weeks of diet, MB(VCAM-1) binding also peaked after 3 days but remained high until 7 days, indicating a delay in endothelial recovery. Two-photon laser scanning microscopy imaging of double fluorescence staining confirmed the exposure of VCAM-1 on the superficial layer after arterial injury only during the healing phase. After complete reendothelialization, VCAM-1 expression persisted in the subendothelial layer but was not reachable for the MBV(CAM-1) anymore. CONCLUSION Molecular ultrasound imaging with MB(VCAM-1) is promising to assess vascular damage and to monitor endothelial recovery after arterial interventions. Thus, it may become an important diagnostic tool supporting the development of adequate therapeutic strategies to personalize anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory therapy after cardiovascular intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Curaj
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.)
| | - Zhuojun Wu
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.)
| | - Stanley Fokong
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.)
| | - Elisa A Liehn
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.)
| | - Alexandrina Burlacu
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.)
| | - Twan Lammers
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.)
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.).
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- From the Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (A.C., Z.W., S.F., T.L., F.K.), Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (A.C., Z.W., E.A.L., M.v.Z.), University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (C.W.); DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany (C.W.); Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania (A.B.); Department of Controlled Drug Delivery, University of Twente, AE Enschede, The Netherlands (T.L.); and Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.v.Z.).
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Sadat U, Jaffer FA, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Nicholls SJ, Ribatti D, Gillard JH. Inflammation and neovascularization intertwined in atherosclerosis: imaging of structural and molecular imaging targets. Circulation 2014; 130:786-94. [PMID: 25156914 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.010369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Umar Sadat
- From the Cambridge Vascular Unit (U.S.) and University Department of Radiology (U.S., J.H.G.), Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA (F.A.J.); Advanced Microscopy Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and Heart Foundation Heart Health, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.J.N.); Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy (D.R.); and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy (D.R.).
| | - Farouc A Jaffer
- From the Cambridge Vascular Unit (U.S.) and University Department of Radiology (U.S., J.H.G.), Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA (F.A.J.); Advanced Microscopy Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and Heart Foundation Heart Health, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.J.N.); Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy (D.R.); and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy (D.R.)
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- From the Cambridge Vascular Unit (U.S.) and University Department of Radiology (U.S., J.H.G.), Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA (F.A.J.); Advanced Microscopy Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and Heart Foundation Heart Health, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.J.N.); Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy (D.R.); and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy (D.R.)
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- From the Cambridge Vascular Unit (U.S.) and University Department of Radiology (U.S., J.H.G.), Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA (F.A.J.); Advanced Microscopy Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and Heart Foundation Heart Health, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.J.N.); Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy (D.R.); and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy (D.R.)
| | - Domenico Ribatti
- From the Cambridge Vascular Unit (U.S.) and University Department of Radiology (U.S., J.H.G.), Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA (F.A.J.); Advanced Microscopy Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and Heart Foundation Heart Health, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.J.N.); Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy (D.R.); and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy (D.R.)
| | - Jonathan H Gillard
- From the Cambridge Vascular Unit (U.S.) and University Department of Radiology (U.S., J.H.G.), Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, MA (F.A.J.); Advanced Microscopy Unit, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (M.A.M.J.v.Z.); South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and Heart Foundation Heart Health, University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (S.J.N.); Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy (D.R.); and National Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy (D.R.)
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