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Applewhite B, Andreopoulos F, Vazquez-Padron RI. Periadventitial biomaterials to improve arteriovenous fistula and graft outcomes. J Vasc Access 2024; 25:713-727. [PMID: 36349745 DOI: 10.1177/11297298221135621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Periadventitial biomaterials have been employed for nearly three decades to promote adaptive venous remodeling following hemodialysis vascular access creation in preclinical models and clinical trials. These systems are predicated on the combination of scaffolds, hydrogels, and/or particles with therapeutics (small molecules, proteins, genes, and cells) to prevent venous stenosis and subsequent maturation failure. Periadventitial biomaterial therapies have evolved from simple drug delivery vehicles for traditional drugs to more thoughtful designs tailored to the pathophysiology of access failure. The emergence of tissue engineering strategies and gene therapies are another exciting new direction. Despite favorable results in experimental and preclinical studies, no periadventitial therapy has been clinically approved to improve vascular access outcomes. After conducting an exhaustive review of the literature, we identify the seminal studies and clinical trials that utilize periadventitial biomaterials and discuss the key features of each biomaterial format and their respective shortcomings as they pertain to access maturation. This review provides a foundation from which clinicians, surgeons, biologists, and engineers can refer to and will hopefully inspire thoughtful, translatable treatments to finally address access failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Applewhite
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Fotios Andreopoulos
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Roberto I Vazquez-Padron
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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2
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Fu C, Li Q, Li M, Zhang J, Zhou F, Li Z, He D, Hu X, Ning X, Guo W, Li W, Ma J, Chen G, Xiao Y, Ou C, Guo W. An Integrated Arterial Remodeling Hydrogel for Preventing Restenosis After Angioplasty. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307063. [PMID: 38342624 PMCID: PMC11022711 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The high incidence of restenosis after angioplasty has been the leading reason for the recurrence of coronary heart disease, substantially increasing the mortality risk for patients. However, current anti-stenosis drug-eluting stents face challenges due to their limited functions and long-term safety concerns, significantly compromising their therapeutic effect. Herein, a stent-free anti-stenosis drug coating (denoted as Cur-NO-Gel) based on a peptide hydrogel is proposed. This hydrogel is formed by assembling a nitric oxide (NO) donor-peptide conjugate as a hydrogelator and encapsulating curcumin (Cur) during the assembly process. Cur-NO-Gel has the capability to release NO upon β-galactosidase stimulation and gradually release Cur through hydrogel hydrolysis. The in vitro experiments confirmed that Cur-NO-Gel protects vascular endothelial cells against oxidative stress injury, inhibits cellular activation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and suppresses adventitial fibroblasts. Moreover, periadventitial administration of Cur-NO-Gel in the angioplasty model demonstrate its ability to inhibit vascular stenosis by promoting reendothelialization, suppressing neointima hyperplasia, and preventing constrictive remodeling. Therefore, the study provides proof of concept for designing a new generation of clinical drugs in angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Fu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Feiran Zhou
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Zechuan Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Dongyue He
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Xiaodong Ning
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Weirun Li
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Guoqin Chen
- Department of CardiologyPanyu Central HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China
| | - Yafang Xiao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
| | - Caiwen Ou
- Department of CardiologyLaboratory of Heart CenterZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510280China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional RadiologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510260China
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3
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Li M, Luo L, Xiong Y, Wang F, Xia Y, Zhang Z, Ke J. Resveratrol Inhibits Restenosis through Suppressing Proliferation, Migration and Trans-differentiation of Vascular Adventitia Fibroblasts via Activating SIRT1. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:242-256. [PMID: 37151061 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230505161041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM After the balloon angioplasty, vascular adventitia fibroblasts (VAFs), which proliferate, trans-differentiate to myofibroblasts and migrate to neointima, are crucial in restenosis. Resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to protect the cardiovascular by reducing restenosis and the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS This study was dedicated to investigate the effect of RSV on VAFs in injured arteries and explore the potential mechanism. In this work, carotid artery balloon angioplasty was performed on male SD rats to ensure the injury of intima and VAFs were isolated to explore the effects in vitro. The functional and morphological results showed the peripheral delivery of RSV decreased restenosis of the injured arteries and suppressed the expression of proliferation, migration and transformation related genes. Moreover, after being treated with RSV, the proliferation, migration and trans-differentiation of VAFs were significantly suppressed and exogenous TGF-β1 can reverse this effect. RESULT Mechanistically, RSV administration activated SIRT1 and decreased the translation and expression of TGF-β1, SMAD3 and NOX4, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased significantly after VAFs treated with RSV. CONCLUSION Above results indicated RSV inhibited restenosis after balloon angioplasty through suppressing proliferation, migration and trans-differentiation of VAFs via regulating SIRT1- TGF-β1-SMAD3-NOX4 to decrease ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528010, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Fuyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zongze Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjuan Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
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4
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Zhang L, Tao Y, Yang R, Hu Q, Jia J, Yu M, He B, Shen Z, Qin H, Yu Z, Chen P. Euonymine inhibits in-stent restenosis through enhancing contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells via modulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154450. [PMID: 36174454 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an effective treatment for acute myocardial infarction, but the postoperative in-stent re-stenosis (ISR) remains a major risk factor that affects the prognosis of PCI. Clinically, drug-eluting stents (DES) are widely applied to prevent and treat ISR. However, only a few stent coating drugs are currently available for clinical use, including paclitaxel and rapamycin (sirolimus) and their derivatives. These stent-coated drugs have led to a decrease in restenosis rates, but the major adverse outcomes, such as delayed endothelial healing and increased in-stent thrombosis, seriously reduce their therapeutic effects. PURPOSE Herein, we explored the potential efficacy of Euonymine (Euo), an alkaloid extracted from Tripterygium Hypoglaucum (Levl) Hutch (THH, Lei gong Teng), for the prevention against ISR after PCI. STUDY DESIGN Our study depicts the potential efficacy of Euo in treating ISR and explores its mechanism with in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS Primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the rabbit thoracic aorta were cultured, and the proliferation and migration of VSMCs were monitored. Apoptosis was measured by Transmission Electron Microscopy and TUNEL staining assay. Protein and gene levels were measured to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. In vivo models of porcine coronary implantation and rabbit carotid balloon injury are used to validate the efficacy of Euo in inhibiting ISR after PCI. RESULTS With an ox-LDL-injured cell model, we showed that Euo suppressed the proliferation and migration of the rabbit thoracic aorta primary VSMCs, while inducing their apoptosis. We next established a rabbit carotid balloon injury model in which the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT1 (Ser473) as well as mTOR activity were significantly elevated compared to the sham-operated control. These activities were significantly attenuated by the Euo intervention. Additionally, the balloon angioplasty significantly increased the expression of Bcl-2, while decreased the expression of Bax and caspase-3. Euo intervention significantly increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and the level of caspase-3. Taken together, Euo may enhance the VSMCs contractile phenotype by modulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, with two in vivo models, the porcine coronary artery implantation model, and the rabbit carotid balloon injury model, we demonstrated that Euo-eluting stents indeed inhibited ISR after PCI. CONCLUSION For the first time, this study delineates the potential efficacy of Euo, derived from Tripterygium Hypoglaucum (Levl) Hutch, in ameliorating ISR after PCI with two in vivo models. The phytochemical targets PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to increase the contractile phenotype of VSMCs and exerts anti-proliferative, anti-migratory as well as pro-apoptotic effects, thereby inhibiting the ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - YiTing Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - RenHua Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qin Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - MingYang Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bo He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - ZhiQiang Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - HongTao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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5
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Liu PY, Fukuma N, Hiroi Y, Kunita A, Tokiwa H, Ueda K, Kariya T, Numata G, Adachi Y, Tajima M, Toyoda M, Li Y, Noma K, Harada M, Toko H, Ushiku T, Kanai Y, Takimoto E, Liao JK, Komuro I. Tie2-Cre-Induced Inactivation of Non-Nuclear Estrogen Receptor-α Signaling Abrogates Estrogen Protection Against Vascular Injury. JACC. BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:55-67. [PMID: 36777173 PMCID: PMC9911321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Using the Cre-loxP system, we generated the first mouse model in which estrogen receptor-α non-nuclear signaling was inactivated in endothelial cells. Estrogen protection against mechanical vascular injury was impaired in this model. This result indicates the pivotal role of endothelial estrogen receptor-α non-nuclear signaling in the vasculoprotective effects of estrogen.
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Key Words
- E2, 17β-estradiol
- ECGM, endothelial cell growth medium
- ER, estrogen receptor
- ERαKI/KI, estrogen receptor-αknock-in/knock-in
- LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter
- NOS, nitric oxide synthase
- PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- PLA, proximity ligation assay
- Vo2, oxygen consumption
- cDNA, complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
- eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- endothelial cells
- estrogen receptor-α
- non-nuclear signaling
- tissue-specific regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang-Yen Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Fukuma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Hiroi
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,Vascular Medicine Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Akiko Kunita
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tokiwa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taro Kariya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Genri Numata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Adachi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miyu Tajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Toyoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuxin Li
- Vascular Medicine Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Noma
- Vascular Medicine Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiro Toko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kanai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Eiki Takimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Address for correspondence: Dr Eiki Takimoto, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
| | - James K. Liao
- Vascular Medicine Research, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA,Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Si Y, Liu F, Wang D, Fang C, Tang X, Guo B, Shi Z, Dong Z, Guo D, Yue J, Fu W. Exosomal Transfer of miR-185 Is Controlled by hnRNPA2B1 and Impairs Re-endothelialization After Vascular Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:619444. [PMID: 33959603 PMCID: PMC8093826 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.619444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of endothelial cells (ECs) contributes to restenosis after vascular reconstruction for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The intercellular communication between ECs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) might be critical in the development of restenosis and can be mediated by exosomes carrying functional microRNAs. miR-185 is reported to be associated with atherosclerosis, whether it plays a similar role in restenosis is unknown. In this study, we observed an elevated level of extracellular miR-185 in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-stimulated VSMCs. The medium from PDGF-stimulated VSMCs promoted miR-185 expression in rat aortic ECs and inhibited EC angiogenesis. PDGF-stimulated VSMCs transferred miR-185 into ECs via exosomes. Furthermore, we found that the CXCL12 gene, a target of miR-185, is essential for the angiogenic potential of ECs. Exosomes derived from miR-185 mimic transfected VSMCs attenuated re-endothelialization after vascular injury. Moreover, we show that exosome-mediated miR-185 transfer is modulated by hnRNPA2B1. We also observed that hnRNPA2B1 is up-regulated during neointima formation and hnRNPA2B1 inhibition accelerates re-endothelialization and attenuates neointima formation following carotid injury. Taken together, our results indicate that exosomal miR-185 transfer from VSMCs to ECs is controlled by hnRNPA2B1 and impairs re-endothelialization after vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Si
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baolei Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daqiao Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Yue
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiguo Fu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibition activates a pathway that branches from the canonical amino acid response in mammalian cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:8900-8911. [PMID: 32253314 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913788117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling pathways that sense amino acid abundance are integral to tissue homeostasis and cellular defense. Our laboratory has previously shown that halofuginone (HF) inhibits the prolyl-tRNA synthetase catalytic activity of glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS), thereby activating the amino acid response (AAR). We now show that HF treatment selectively inhibits inflammatory responses in diverse cell types and that these therapeutic benefits occur in cells that lack GCN2, the signature effector of the AAR. Depletion of arginine, histidine, or lysine from cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes recapitulates key aspects of HF treatment, without utilizing GCN2 or mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway signaling. Like HF, the threonyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor borrelidin suppresses the induction of tissue remodeling and inflammatory mediators in cytokine-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes without GCN2, but both aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS) inhibitors are sensitive to the removal of GCN1. GCN1, an upstream component of the AAR pathway, binds to ribosomes and is required for GCN2 activation. These observations indicate that aaRS inhibitors, like HF, can modulate inflammatory response without the AAR/GCN2 signaling cassette, and that GCN1 has a role that is distinct from its activation of GCN2. We propose that GCN1 participates in a previously unrecognized amino acid sensor pathway that branches from the canonical AAR.
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8
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Dhabhar J, Mehta V, Desai N, Dawoodi S, Zaman SB. Case Report: Unprovoked venous thromboembolism in a young adult male. F1000Res 2019; 8:182. [PMID: 30984384 PMCID: PMC6446494 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.18202.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 24-year-old male was presented to us with sudden onset of chest pain and dyspnea for the past one hour. There was no history of calf pain, trauma, surgery, prolonged immobilization, long-haul air travel, bleeding diathesis or any other co-morbidity. The patient denied any addiction history. The heart rate was 114 beats/min, and blood pressure was 106/90 mmHg. Electrocardiogram showed tachycardia with S
1Q
3T
3 pattern. The left arterio-venous Doppler study was suggestive of a thrombus in popliteal vein and sapheno-popliteal junction. The CT-Pulmonary Angiogram scan was suggestive of a massive pulmonary thromboembolism. The patient was thrombolysed with Intravenous Alteplase immediately and was put on tab Rivaroxaban for maintenance. He was later discharged after being stable. Unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) is very rare and has the potential to lead to pulmonary embolism which could be disastrous, especially in young adults. We present such a case where unprovoked VTE was diagnosed and treated. This case suggests that high clinical suspicion is the key for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism, especially in the absence of history suggestive of deep vein thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyhan Dhabhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Varshil Mehta
- Department of Internal Medicine, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India.,Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. L. H. Hiranandani Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Nimit Desai
- Department of Internal Medicine, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sameer Dawoodi
- Department of Internal Medicine, MGM Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sojib Bin Zaman
- Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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9
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Shi Y, Johnson J, Wang B, Chen B, Fisher GL, Urabe G, Shi X, Kent KC, Guo LW, Li L. Mass Spectrometric Imaging Reveals Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Bioactive Lipids in Arteries Undergoing Restenosis. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1669-1678. [PMID: 30784274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Restenosis, or renarrowing of the arterial lumen, is a common recurrent disease following balloon angioplasty and stenting treatments for cardiovascular disease. A major technical barrier for deciphering restenotic mechanisms is the dynamic, spatial profiling of bioactive lipids in the arterial wall, especially in small animals. Here, applying matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric imaging (MALDI-MSI), we conducted the first lipidomic study of temporal-spatial profiling in a small animal model of angioplasty-induced restenosis. Cross sections were collected 3, 7, and 14 days after balloon angioplasty of rat carotid arteries. MALDI-MSI analyses showed that diacylglycerols (DAGs), signaling lipids associated with restenosis, and lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPCs), whose function was uncharacterized in restenosis, dramatically increased at postangioplasty day 7 and day 14 in the neointimal layer of balloon-injured arteries compared to uninjured controls. In contrast, sphingomyelins (SMs) did not increase, but rather decreased at day 3, day 7, and day 14 in injured arteries versus the uninjured control arteries. These results revealed previously unexplored distinct temporal-spatial lipid dynamics in the restenotic arterial wall. Additionally, we employed time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) tandem MS imaging for both molecular identification and imaging at high spatial resolution. These imaging modalities provide powerful tools for unraveling novel mechanisms of restenosis involving lipids or small signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatao Shi
- School of Pharmacy , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Jillian Johnson
- School of Pharmacy , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Bowen Wang
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Bingming Chen
- School of Pharmacy , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Gregory L Fisher
- Physical Electronics , Chanhassen , Minnesota 55317 , United States
| | - Go Urabe
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Xudong Shi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - K Craig Kent
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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He B, Fu GH, Du XF, Chu HM. Halofuginone protects HUVECs from H2O2-induced injury by modulating VEGF/JNK signaling pathway. J Chin Med Assoc 2019; 82:92-98. [PMID: 30839497 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Halofuginone, which is the main active ingredient of Dichroa fabrifuga, was used to inhibit the synthesis of type I collagen and played increasingly important roles in tumor therapy. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of halofuginone on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from H2O2-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. METHODS Propidium iodide and Annexin-V double staining assay was used to measure the apoptosis. Cell viability assay, the measurements of reactive oxygen species (ROS) parameters malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase, western-blot assays, and quantitative PCR were used to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of halofuginone in protecting H2O2-induced injury. RESULTS The results showed that halofuginone counteracted H2O2-induced cell viability decline and PCNA downregulation. Furthermore, halofuginone decreased ROS levels and protected HUVECs from H2O2-induced apoptosis. In detail, it showed that H2O2 induced a transient activation of Mitogen-activated protein kinases members ERK1/2 and p38, whereas induced a sustained activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which play dominant roles in triggering apoptosis. Inhibition of JNK activation also inhibited H2O2-mediated apoptosis. Finally, it was shown that halofuginone upregulated VEGF expressions, which functioned by inhibiting sustained JNK activation, thus protecting HUVECs. CONCLUSION Halofuginone has powerful effects in protecting HUVECs from H2O2-induced apoptosis, via upregulating VEGF and inhibiting overactivated JNK phosphorylation. Halofuginone might be a promising preventive drug for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Zhang M, Urabe G, Little C, Wang B, Kent AM, Huang Y, Kent KC, Guo LW. HDAC6 Regulates the MRTF-A/SRF Axis and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Plasticity. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018; 3:782-795. [PMID: 30623138 PMCID: PMC6314972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Distinct from other histone deacetylases, HDAC6 primarily resides in the cytosol. Unexpectedly, HDAC6-selective inhibition (or silencing) enhances the nuclear activity of SRF. HDAC6 inhibition elevates acetylation and protein levels of myocardin-related transcription factor A, a cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling co-activator of SRF. Myocardin-related transcription factor A/SRF are known to critically regulate vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic stability. HDAC6 inhibition prevents smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation in vitro and reduces neointima and restenosis in vivo.
Cellular plasticity is fundamental in biology and disease. Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) dedifferentiation (loss of contractile proteins) initiates and perpetrates vascular pathologies such as restenosis. Contractile gene expression is governed by the master transcription factor, serum response factor (SRF). Unlike other histone deacetylases, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) primarily resides in the cytosol. Whether HDAC6 regulates SRF nuclear activity was previously unknown in any cell type. This study found that selective inhibition of HDAC6 with tubastatin A preserved the contractile protein (alpha-smooth muscle actin) that was otherwise diminished by platelet-derived growth factor-BB. Tubastatin A also enhanced SRF transcriptional (luciferase) activity, and this effect was confirmed by HDAC6 knockdown. Interestingly, HDAC6 inhibition increased acetylation and total protein of myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A), a transcription co-activator known to translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus, thereby activating SRF. Consistently, HDAC6 co-immunoprecipitated with MRTF-A. In vivo studies showed that tubastatin A treatment of injured rat carotid arteries mitigated neointimal lesion, which is known to be formed largely by dedifferentiated SMCs. This report is the first to show HDAC6 regulation of the MRTF-A/SRF axis and SMC plasticity, thus opening a new perspective for interventions of vascular pathologies.
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Key Words
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- EEL, external elastic lamina
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- HDAC6
- IEL, internal elastic lamina
- IH, intimal hyperplasia
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MRTF-A
- MRTF-A, myocardin-related transcription factor A
- PDGF-BB, platelet-derived growth factor-BB
- SMA, smooth muscle actin
- SMC, vascular smooth muscle cell
- SMHC, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain
- SRF
- SRF, serum response factor
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TSA, trichostatin A
- dedifferentiation
- siRNA, small interfering ribonucleic acid
- vascular smooth muscle cell
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Surgery and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Go Urabe
- Department of Surgery and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, and the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher Little
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, and the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alycia M Kent
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Yitao Huang
- Department of Surgery and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - K Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, and the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery and Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and the Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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12
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Tao P, Wang S. Letter: the association between the use of different proton pump inhibitors and microscopic colitis should be re-evaluated. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48:1035. [PMID: 30318685 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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13
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Wang B, Chen G, Urabe G, Xie R, Wang Y, Shi X, Guo LW, Gong S, Kent KC. A paradigm of endothelium-protective and stent-free anti-restenotic therapy using biomimetic nanoclusters. Biomaterials 2018; 178:293-301. [PMID: 29958152 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents are the most commonly employed method to control post-angioplasty restenosis. Unfortunately, they exacerbate life-threatening stent thrombosis because of endothelium damage caused by both drug and stenting. To solve this major medical problem, an endothelium-protective and stent-free anti-restenotic method is highly desirable. Here we have generated a biomimetic intravenous delivery system using dendritic polymer-based nanoclusters, which were coated with platelet membranes for targeting to the injured arterial wall where restenosis occurs. These nanoclusters were loaded with an endothelium-protective epigenetic inhibitor (JQ1) or an endothelium-toxic status quo drug (rapamycin), and compared for their ability to mitigate restenosis without hindering the process of re-endothelialization. Fluorescence imaging of Cy5-tagged biomimetic nanoclusters indicated their robust homing to injured, but not uninjured arteries. Two weeks after angioplasty, compared to no-drug control, both rapamycin- and JQ1-loaded biomimetic nanoclusters substantially reduced (by >60%) neointimal hyperplasia, the primary cause of restenosis. However, whereas the rapamycin formulation impaired the endothelial re-coverage of the denuded inner arterial wall, the JQ1 formulation preserved endothelial recovery. In summary, we have created an endothelium-protective anti-restenotic system with biomimetic nanoclusters containing an epigenetic inhibitor. This system warrants further development for a non-thrombogenic and stent-free method for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Go Urabe
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ruosen Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Xudong Shi
- Department of Surgery, 5151 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Shaoqin Gong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
| | - K Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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The integrated stress response system in cardiovascular disease. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:920-929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Sainio A, Järveläinen H. Extracellular Matrix Macromolecules as Potential Targets of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 81:209-240. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Yu Q, Wang B, Chen Z, Urabe G, Glover MS, Shi X, Guo LW, Kent KC, Li L. Electron-Transfer/Higher-Energy Collision Dissociation (EThcD)-Enabled Intact Glycopeptide/Glycoproteome Characterization. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1751-1764. [PMID: 28695533 PMCID: PMC5711575 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation, one of the most heterogeneous post-translational modifications, can play a major role in cellular signal transduction and disease progression. Traditional mass spectrometry (MS)-based large-scale glycoprotein sequencing studies heavily rely on identifying enzymatically released glycans and their original peptide backbone separately, as there is no efficient fragmentation method to produce unbiased glycan and peptide product ions simultaneously in a single spectrum, and that can be conveniently applied to high throughput glycoproteome characterization, especially for N-glycopeptides, which can have much more branched glycan side chains than relatively less complex O-linked glycans. In this study, a redefined electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) fragmentation scheme is applied to incorporate both glycan and peptide fragments in one single spectrum, enabling complete information to be gathered and great microheterogeneity details to be revealed. Fetuin was first utilized to prove the applicability with 19 glycopeptides and corresponding five glycosylation sites identified. Subsequent experiments tested its utility for human plasma N-glycoproteins. Large-scale studies explored N-glycoproteomics in rat carotid arteries over the course of restenosis progression to investigate the potential role of glycosylation. The integrated fragmentation scheme provides a powerful tool for the analysis of intact N-glycopeptides and N-glycoproteomics. We also anticipate this approach can be readily applied to large-scale O-glycoproteome characterization. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Zhengwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Go Urabe
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Matthew S Glover
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center Training Program in Translational Cardiovascular Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Xudong Shi
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - K Craig Kent
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center Training Program in Translational Cardiovascular Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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Li Z, Fei H, Wang Z, Zhu T. Low‑dose halofuginone inhibits the synthesis of type I collagen without influencing type II collagen in the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3290-3298. [PMID: 28713920 PMCID: PMC5547978 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Full‑thickness and large area defects of articular cartilage are unable to completely repair themselves and require surgical intervention, including microfracture, autologous or allogeneic osteochondral grafts, and autologous chondrocyte implantation. A large proportion of regenerative cartilage exists as fibrocartilage, which is unable to withstand impacts in the same way as native hyaline cartilage, owing to excess synthesis of type I collagen in the matrix. The present study demonstrated that low‑dose halofuginone (HF), a plant alkaloid isolated from Dichroa febrifuga, may inhibit the synthesis of type I collagen without influencing type II collagen in the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes. In addition, HF was revealed to inhibit the phosphorylation of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)2/3 and promoted Smad7 expression, as well as decrease the synthesis of type I collagen synthesis. Results from the present study indicated that HF treatment suppressed the synthesis of type I collagen by inhibiting the transforming growth factor‑β signaling pathway in chondrocytes. These results may provide an alternative solution to the problems associated with fibrocartilage, and convert fibrocartilage into hyaline cartilage at the mid‑early stages of cartilage regeneration. HF may additionally be used to improve monolayer expansion or 3D cultures of seed cells for the tissue engineering of cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Li
- Department of Respiratory, The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110015, P.R. China
| | - Hao Fei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Tianyi Zhu
- Department of Respiratory, The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110015, P.R. China
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Restenosis Inhibition and Re-differentiation of TGFβ/Smad3-activated Smooth Muscle Cells by Resveratrol. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41916. [PMID: 28165488 PMCID: PMC5292946 DOI: 10.1038/srep41916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, there is no periadventitial drug delivery method available in the clinic to prevent restenotic failure of open vascular reconstructions. Resveratrol is a promising anti-restenotic natural drug but subject to low bioavailability when systemically administered. In order to reconcile these two prominent issues, we tested effects of periadventitial delivery of resveratrol on all three major pro-restenotic pathologies including intimal hyperplasia (IH), endothelium impairment, and vessel shrinkage. In a rat carotid injury model, periadventitial delivery of resveratrol either via Pluronic gel (2-week), or polymer sheath (3-month), effectively reduced IH without causing endothelium impairment and vessel shrinkage. In an in vitro model, primary smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were stimulated with elevated transforming growth factor (TGFβ) and its signaling protein Smad3, known contributors to IH. TGFβ/Smad3 up-regulated Kruppel-like factor (KLF5) protein, and SMC de-differentiation which was reversed by KLF5 siRNA. Furthermore, TGFβ/Smad3-stimulated KLF5 production and SMC de-differentiation were blocked by resveratrol via its inhibition of the Akt-mTOR pathway. Concordantly, resveratrol attenuated Akt phosphorylation in injured arteries. Taken together, periadventitial delivery of resveratrol produces durable inhibition of all three pro-restenotic pathologies - a rare feat among existing anti-restenotic methods. Our study suggests a potential anti-restenotic modality of resveratrol application suitable for open surgery.
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Li X, Chen C, Wei L, Li Q, Niu X, Xu Y, Wang Y, Zhao J. Exosomes derived from endothelial progenitor cells attenuate vascular repair and accelerate reendothelialization by enhancing endothelial function. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:253-62. [PMID: 26794715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Exosomes, a key component of cell paracrine secretion, can exert protective effects in various disease models. However, application of exosomes in vascular repair and regeneration has rarely been reported. In this study, we tested whether endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes possessed therapeutic effects in rat models of balloon-induced vascular injury by accelerating reendothelialization. METHODS Exosomes were obtained from the conditioned media of EPCs isolated from human umbilical cord blood. Induction of the endothelial injury was performed in the rats' carotid artery, and the pro-re-endothelialization capacity of EPC-derived exosomes was measured. The in vitro effects of exosomes on the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells were investigated. RESULTS We found that the EPC-derived exosomes accelerated the re-endothelialization in the early phase after endothelial damage in the rat carotid artery. We also demonstrated that these exosomes enhanced the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells in vitro. Moreover, endothelial cells stimulated with these exosomes showed increased expression of angiogenesis-related molecules. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results indicate that exosomes are an active component of the paracrine secretion of human EPCs and can promote vascular repair in rat models of balloon injury by up-regulating endothelial cells function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Li
- Departments of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyuan Chen
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; Graduate School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liming Wei
- Departments of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Niu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Departments of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jungong Zhao
- Departments of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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Halofuginone treatment reduces interleukin-17A and ameliorates features of chronic lung allograft dysfunction in a mouse orthotopic lung transplant model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016; 35:518-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Wang B, Zhang M, Takayama T, Shi X, Roenneburg DA, Kent KC, Guo LW. BET Bromodomain Blockade Mitigates Intimal Hyperplasia in Rat Carotid Arteries. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:1650-61. [PMID: 26870791 PMCID: PMC4740308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intimal hyperplasia is a common cause of many vasculopathies. There has been a recent surge of interest in the bromo and extra-terminal (BET) epigenetic “readers” including BRD4 since the serendipitous discovery of JQ1(+), an inhibitor specific to the seemingly undruggable BET bromodomains. The role of the BET family in the development of intimal hyperplasia is not known. Methods We investigated the effect of BET inhibition on intimal hyperplasia using a rat balloon angioplasty model. Results While BRD4 was dramatically up-regulated in the rat and human hyperplastic neointima, blocking BET bromodomains with JQ1(+) diminished neointima in rats. Knocking down BRD4 with siRNA, or treatment with JQ1(+) but not the inactive enantiomer JQ1(−), abrogated platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB)-stimulated proliferation and migration of primary rat aortic smooth muscle cells. This inhibitory effect of JQ1(+) was reproducible in primary human aortic smooth muscle cells. In human aortic endothelial cells, JQ1(+) prevented cytokine-induced apoptosis and impairment of cell migration. Furthermore, either BRD4 siRNA or JQ1(+) but not JQ1(−), substantially down-regulated PDGF receptor-α which, in JQ1(+)-treated arteries versus vehicle control, was also reduced. Conclusions Blocking BET bromodomains mitigates neointima formation, suggesting an epigenetic approach for effective prevention of intimal hyperplasia and associated vascular diseases. Blocking BET epigenetic readers with JQ1(+) mitigates neointimal proliferation in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. JQ1(+) or BRD4 knockdown inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and PDGF receptor expression. JQ1(+) prevents inflammatory dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells.
The transition of vascular smooth muscle cells to a migratory proliferative state produces a new thick layer of tissue on the inner vessel wall obstructing blood flow. Epigenetic control of this transition is poorly understood. We find that inhibiting a family of epigenetic regulators called “readers” halts this disease-prone process. Our study may open fresh opportunities for epigenetic interventions to prevent smooth muscle cell instability and associated occlusive vascular diseases that pose a great threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Wang
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Toshio Takayama
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Xudong Shi
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Drew Alan Roenneburg
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - K Craig Kent
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI 53705, USA; University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Lian-Wang Guo
- Department of Surgery, Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Abstract
Halofuginone is an analog of febrifugine-an alkaloid originally isolated from the plant Dichroa febrifuga. During recent years, halofuginone has attracted much attention because of its wide range of beneficial biological activities, which encompass malaria, cancer, and fibrosis-related and autoimmune diseases. At present two modes of halofuginone actions have been described: (1) Inhibition of Smad3 phosphorylation downstream of the TGFβ signaling pathway results in inhibition of fibroblasts-to-myofibroblasts transition and fibrosis. (2) Inhibition of prolyl-tRNA synthetase (ProRS) activity in the blood stage of malaria and inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation thereby inhibiting inflammation and the autoimmune reaction by activation of the amino acid starvation and integrated stress responses. This review deals with the history and origin of this natural product, its synthesis, its known modes of action, and it's various biological activities in pre-clinical animal models and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Pines
- The Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
| | - Itai Spector
- The Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
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