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Chiang DY, Verkerk AO, Victorio R, Shneyer BI, van der Vaart B, Jouni M, Narendran N, Kc A, Sampognaro JR, Vetrano-Olsen F, Oh JS, Buys E, de Jonge B, Shah DA, Kiviniemi T, Burridge PW, Bezzina CR, Akhmanova A, MacRae CA. The Role of MAPRE2 and Microtubules in Maintaining Normal Ventricular Conduction. Circ Res 2024; 134:46-59. [PMID: 38095085 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brugada syndrome is associated with loss-of-function SCN5A variants, yet these account for only ≈20% of cases. A recent genome-wide association study identified a novel locus within MAPRE2, which encodes EB2 (microtubule end-binding protein 2), implicating microtubule involvement in Brugada syndrome. METHODS A mapre2 knockout zebrafish model was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein 9) and validated by Western blot. Larval hearts at 5 days post-fertilization were isolated for voltage mapping and immunocytochemistry. Adult fish hearts were used for ECG, patch clamping, and immunocytochemistry. Morpholinos were injected into embryos at 1-cell stage for knockdown experiments. A transgenic zebrafish line with cdh2 tandem fluorescent timer was used to study adherens junctions. Microtubule plus-end tracking and patch clamping were performed in human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) with MAPRE2 knockdown and knockout, respectively. RESULTS Voltage mapping of mapre2 knockout hearts showed a decrease in ventricular maximum upstroke velocity of the action potential and conduction velocity, suggesting loss of cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel function. ECG showed QRS prolongation in adult knockout fish, and patch clamping showed decreased sodium current density in knockout ventricular myocytes and arrhythmias in knockout iPSC-CMs. Confocal imaging showed disorganized adherens junctions and mislocalization of mature Ncad (N-cadherin) with mapre2 loss of function, associated with a decrease of detyrosinated tubulin. MAPRE2 knockdown in iPSC-CMs led to an increase in microtubule growth velocity and distance, indicating changes in microtubule dynamics. Finally, knockdown of ttl encoding tubulin tyrosine ligase in mapre2 knockout larvae rescued tubulin detyrosination and ventricular maximum upstroke velocity of the action potential. CONCLUSIONS Genetic ablation of mapre2 led to a decrease in voltage-gated sodium channel function, a hallmark of Brugada syndrome, associated with disruption of adherens junctions, decrease of detyrosinated tubulin as a marker of microtubule stability, and changes in microtubule dynamics. Restoration of the detyrosinated tubulin fraction with ttl knockdown led to rescue of voltage-gated sodium channel-related functional parameters in mapre2 knockout hearts. Taken together, our study implicates microtubule dynamics in the modulation of ventricular conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y Chiang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - Arie O Verkerk
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center (A.O.V., C.R.B.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Rachelle Victorio
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - Boris I Shneyer
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands (B.I.S., B.v.d.V., A.A.)
| | - Babet van der Vaart
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands (B.I.S., B.v.d.V., A.A.)
| | - Mariam Jouni
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.J., D.A.S., P.W.B.)
| | - Nakul Narendran
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - Ashmita Kc
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - James R Sampognaro
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - Franki Vetrano-Olsen
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - John S Oh
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - Eva Buys
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
| | - Berend de Jonge
- Department of Medical Biology (B.d.J.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Disheet A Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.J., D.A.S., P.W.B.)
| | - Tuomas Kiviniemi
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Finland (T.K.)
| | - Paul W Burridge
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (M.J., D.A.S., P.W.B.)
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Center (A.O.V., C.R.B.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, the Netherlands (B.I.S., B.v.d.V., A.A.)
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.Y.C., R.V., N.N., A.K., J.R.S., F.V.-O., J.S.O., E.B., C.A.M.)
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Duan HY, Zhou KY, Wang T, Zhang Y, Li YF, Hua YM, Wang C. Disruption of Planar Cell Polarity Pathway Attributable to Valproic Acid-Induced Congenital Heart Disease through Hdac3 Participation in Mice. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:2080-2088. [PMID: 30127218 PMCID: PMC6111683 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.239311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Valproic acid (VPA) exposure during pregnancy has been proven to contribute to congenital heart disease (CHD). Our previous findings implied that disruption of planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes might be a factor for the cardiac teratogenesis of VPA. In addition, the teratogenic ability of VPA is positively correlated to its histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition activity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the VPA on cardiac morphogenesis, HDAC1/2/3, and PCP key genes (Vangl2/Scrib/Rac1), subsequently screening out the specific HDACs regulating PCP pathway. Methods: VPA was administered to pregnant C57BL mice at 700 mg/kg intraperitoneally on embryonic day 10.5. Dams were sacrificed on E15.5, and death/absorption rates of embryos were evaluated. Embryonic hearts were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining to identify cardiac abnormalities. H9C2 cells (undifferentiated rat cardiomyoblasts) were transfected with Hdac1/2/3 specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). Based on the results of siRNA transfection, cells were transfected with Hdac3 expression plasmid and subsequently mock-treated or treated with 8.0 mmol/L VPA. Hdac1/2/3 as well as Vangl2/Scrib/Rac1 mRNA and protein levels were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Total HDAC activity was detected by colorimetric assay. Results: VPA could induce CHD (P < 0.001) and inhibit mRNA or protein expression of Hdac1/2/3 as well as Vangl2/Scrib in fetal hearts, in association with total Hdac activity repression (all P < 0.05). In vitro, Hdac3 inhibition could significantly decrease Vangl2/Scrib expression (P < 0.01), while knockdown of Hdac1/2 had no influence (P > 0.05); VPA exposure dramatically decreased the expression of Vanlg2/Scrib together with Hdac activity (P < 0.01), while overexpression of Hdac3 could rescue the VPA-induced inhibition (P > 0.05). Conclusion: VPA could inhibit Hdac1/2/3, Vangl2/Scrib, or total Hdac activity both in vitro and in vivo and Hdac3 might participate in the process of VPA-induced cardiac developmental anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Duan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Kai-Yu Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi-Fei Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi-Min Hua
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Duan HY, Zhou KY, Wang T, Zhang Y, Li YF, Hua YM, Wang C. Disruption of Planar Cell Polarity Pathway Attributable to Valproic Acid-Induced Congenital Heart Disease through Hdac3 Participation in Mice. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018. [PMID: 30127218 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.239311.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Valproic acid (VPA) exposure during pregnancy has been proven to contribute to congenital heart disease (CHD). Our previous findings implied that disruption of planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes might be a factor for the cardiac teratogenesis of VPA. In addition, the teratogenic ability of VPA is positively correlated to its histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition activity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the VPA on cardiac morphogenesis, HDAC1/2/3, and PCP key genes (Vangl2/Scrib/Rac1), subsequently screening out the specific HDACs regulating PCP pathway. Methods VPA was administered to pregnant C57BL mice at 700 mg/kg intraperitoneally on embryonic day 10.5. Dams were sacrificed on E15.5, and death/absorption rates of embryos were evaluated. Embryonic hearts were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining to identify cardiac abnormalities. H9C2 cells (undifferentiated rat cardiomyoblasts) were transfected with Hdac1/2/3 specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). Based on the results of siRNA transfection, cells were transfected with Hdac3 expression plasmid and subsequently mock-treated or treated with 8.0 mmol/L VPA. Hdac1/2/3 as well as Vangl2/Scrib/Rac1 mRNA and protein levels were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. Total HDAC activity was detected by colorimetric assay. Results VPA could induce CHD (P < 0.001) and inhibit mRNA or protein expression of Hdac1/2/3 as well as Vangl2/Scrib in fetal hearts, in association with total Hdac activity repression (all P < 0.05). In vitro, Hdac3 inhibition could significantly decrease Vangl2/Scrib expression (P < 0.01), while knockdown of Hdac1/2 had no influence (P > 0.05); VPA exposure dramatically decreased the expression of Vanlg2/Scrib together with Hdac activity (P < 0.01), while overexpression of Hdac3 could rescue the VPA-induced inhibition (P > 0.05). Conclusion VPA could inhibit Hdac1/2/3, Vangl2/Scrib, or total Hdac activity both in vitro and in vivo and Hdac3 might participate in the process of VPA-induced cardiac developmental anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Duan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Kai-Yu Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi-Fei Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi-Min Hua
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Development and Diseases of Women and Children of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University; Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Duan HY, Zhang Y, Zhou KY, Wang C, Qiu DAJ, Hua YM. [Effect of histone acetylation/deacetylation imbalances on key gene of planar cell polarity pathway]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2017; 19:475-483. [PMID: 28407839 PMCID: PMC7389667 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of histone acetylation/deacetylation imbalances on embryonic hearts of mice and its effect on key genes of planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway-Vangl2, Scrib and Rac1 in H9C2 cells. METHODS Forty pregnant C57/B6 mice were randomly assigned into three groups: blank group (n=10), vehicle group (n=10), and valproic acid (VPA)-treated group (n=20). In the VPA-treated group, VPA, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, was administered to each individual dam intraperitoneally at a single dose of 700 mg/kg on embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5). The vehicle and blank groups received equivalent saline or no interventions, respectively. Dams were sacrificed on E15.5, and death rates of embryos were evaluated. Subsequently, embryonic hearts of survival fetus were removed to observe cardiac abnormalities by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. H9C2 cells were cultured and allotted to the blank, vehicle, and VPA-treated groups: the VPA treated group received VPA exposure at concentrations of 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mmol/L; the vehicle and blank groups received equivalent saline or no interventions, respectively. HDAC1-3 as well as Vangl2, Scrib and Rac1 mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. The total HDAC activity was analyzed by colorimetric assay. RESULTS The fetus mortality rate after VPA treatment was 31.7%, with a significantly higher rate of cardiac abnormalities in comparison with the controls (P<0.05). In comparison with the blank and vehicle groups, HDAC1 mRNA was significantly increased at various concentrations of VPA treatment at all time points of exposure (P<0.05), together with a reduction of protein level after 48 and 72 hours of exposure (P<0.05). The inhibition of HDAC2 mRNA after various concentrations of VPA incubation was pronounced at 24 hours of exposure (P<0.05), while the protein levels were reduced at all time points (P<0.05). HDAC3 mRNA was prominently induced by VPA (4.0 and 8.0 mmol/L) at all time points of treatment (P<0.05). In contrast, the protein level was inhibited after VPA treatment (P<0.05). In comparison with the blank and vehicle groups, Vangl2 mRNA as well as Scrib mRNA/protein expression levels were markedly reduced after 48 and 72 hours of VPA treatment (P<0.05), together with a reduction of protein level in Vangl2 at 72 hours (P<0.05). Compared with the blank and vehicle groups, a significant repression in the total HDAC activity was observed in the VPA-treated group at concentrations of 4.0 and 8.0 mmol/L after 24 hours of treatment (P<0.05), and the effect persisted up to 48 and 72 hours, exhibiting pronounced inhibition at all concentrations (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS VPA might result in acetylation/deacetylation imbalances by inhibiting HDAC1-3 protein expression and total HDAC activity, leading to the down-regulation of mRNA and protein expression of Vangl2 and Scrib. This could be one of the mechanisms contributing to congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Duan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University/Cardiac Development and Early Intervention Unit, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Koefoed K, Veland IR, Pedersen LB, Larsen LA, Christensen ST. Cilia and coordination of signaling networks during heart development. Organogenesis 2013; 10:108-25. [PMID: 24345806 DOI: 10.4161/org.27483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are unique sensory organelles that coordinate a wide variety of different signaling pathways to control cellular processes during development and in tissue homeostasis. Defects in function or assembly of these antenna-like structures are therefore associated with a broad range of developmental disorders and diseases called ciliopathies. Recent studies have indicated a major role of different populations of cilia, including nodal and cardiac primary cilia, in coordinating heart development, and defects in these cilia are associated with congenital heart disease. Here, we present an overview of the role of nodal and cardiac primary cilia in heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Koefoed
- Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark; Wilhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Iben Rønn Veland
- Department of Biology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Allan Larsen
- Wilhelm Johannsen Centre for Functional Genome Research; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, Denmark
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Planar cell polarity signaling pathway in congenital heart diseases. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:589414. [PMID: 22131815 PMCID: PMC3205795 DOI: 10.1155/2011/589414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common cardiac disorder in humans. Despite many advances in the understanding of CHD and the identification of many associated genes, the fundamental etiology for the majority of cases remains unclear. The planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway, responsible for tissue polarity in Drosophila and gastrulation movements and cardiogenesis in vertebrates, has been shown to play multiple roles during cardiac differentiation and development. The disrupted function of PCP signaling is connected to some CHDs. Here, we summarize our current understanding of how PCP factors affect the pathogenesis of CHD.
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Roles of planar cell polarity pathways in the development of neural [correction of neutral] tube defects. J Biomed Sci 2011; 18:66. [PMID: 21864354 PMCID: PMC3175158 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-18-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are the second most common birth defect in humans. Despite many advances in the understanding of NTDs and the identification of many genes related to NTDs, the fundamental etiology for the majority of cases of NTDs remains unclear. Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway, which is important for polarized cell movement (such as cell migration) and organ morphogenesis through the activation of cytoskeletal pathways, has been shown to play multiple roles during neural tube closure. The disrupted function of PCP pathway is connected with some NTDs. Here, we summarize our current understanding of how PCP factors affect the pathogenesis of NTDs.
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Wansleeben C, Feitsma H, Montcouquiol M, Kroon C, Cuppen E, Meijlink F. Planar cell polarity defects and defective Vangl2 trafficking in mutants for the COPII gene Sec24b. Development 2010; 137:1067-73. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.041434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Among the cellular properties that are essential for the organization of tissues during animal development, the importance of cell polarity in the plane of epithelial sheets has become increasingly clear in the past decades. Planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling in vertebrates has indispensable roles in many aspects of their development, in particular, controlling alignment of various types of epithelial cells. Disrupted PCP has been linked to developmental defects in animals and to human pathology. Neural tube closure defects (NTD) and disorganization of the mechanosensory cells of the organ of Corti are commonly known consequences of disturbed PCP signaling in mammals. We report here a typical PCP phenotype in a mouse mutant for the Sec24b gene, including the severe NTD craniorachischisis, abnormal arrangement of outflow tract vessels and disturbed development of the cochlea. In addition, we observed genetic interaction between Sec24b and the known PCP gene, scribble. Sec24b is a component of the COPII coat protein complex that is part of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived transport vesicles. Sec24 isoforms are thought to be directly involved in cargo selection, and we present evidence that Sec24b deficiency specifically affects transport of the PCP core protein Vangl2, based on experiments in embryos and in cultured primary cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien Wansleeben
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harma Feitsma
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mireille Montcouquiol
- INSERM U862, Université Bordeaux II, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux Cédex, France
| | - Carla Kroon
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frits Meijlink
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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