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Wang H, Liu YS, Peng Y, Chen W, Dong N, Wu Q, Pan B, Wang B, Guo W. Golgi α-mannosidases regulate cell surface N-glycan type and ectodomain shedding of the transmembrane protease corin. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105211. [PMID: 37660903 PMCID: PMC10520876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Corin is a transmembrane protease that activates natriuretic peptides on the cell membrane. Reduced cell surface targeting or increased ectodomain shedding disrupts cell membrane homeostasis of corin, thereby impairing its cell surface expression and enzyme activity. N-glycans are essential in corin ectodomain shedding. Lack of N-glycans promotes corin ectodomain shedding in the juxtamembrane and frizzled-1 domains. The nascent N-glycans, transferred onto the polypeptide of corin, undergo multistep N-glycan processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. It remains unclear how trimming by Golgi α-mannosidases, the critical N-glycan processing steps in N-glycan maturation, may regulate corin biosynthesis. In this study, we examined the effects of kifunensine and swainsonine, the inhibitors for α-mannosidases I and II, on corin expression and function. Western analysis of corin proteins in cell lysates and conditioned media from the inhibitor-treated corin-stable HEK293 cells and AC16 cells showed that both α-mannosidases I and II were required to maintain complex N-glycans on cell surface corin and protect corin from ectodomain shedding in the juxtamembrane and frizzled-1 domains. Cell viability analysis revealed that inhibition of α-mannosidase I or II sensitized cardiomyocytes to hydrogen peroxide-induced injury via regulating corin. Moreover, either one of the two coding genes was sufficient to perform Golgi α-mannosidase I trimming of N-glycans on corin. Similarly, this sufficiency was observed in Golgi α-mannosidase II-coding genes. Inhibition of ectodomain shedding restored corin zymogen activation from kifunensine- or swainsonine-induced reduction. Together, our results show the important roles of Golgi α-mannosidases in maintaining cell membrane homeostasis and biological activities of corin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Shi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yingfei Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Baishen Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beili Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wusong Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cancer Center, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wusong Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Niu Y, Zhou T, Zhang S, Li W, Wang K, Dong N, Wu Q. Corin deficiency impairs cardiac function in mouse models of heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1164524. [PMID: 37636304 PMCID: PMC10450958 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1164524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Corin is a protease in the natriuretic peptide system. Deleterious CORIN variants are associated with hypertension and heart disease. It remains unclear if and to what extent corin deficiency may contribute to heart failure (HF). Methods Corin knockout (KO) mice were used as a model. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and tissue analysis in Corin KO mice at different ages or subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC), which increased pressure overload. Heart and lung tissues were analyzed for cardiac hypertrophy and lung edema using wheat germ agglutinin, Sirius red, Masson's trichrome, and Prussian blue staining. Recombinant corin was tested for its effect on cardiac function in the TAC-operated Corin KO mice. Selected gene expression in the heart was examined by RT-PCR. ELISA was used to analyze factors in plasma. Results Corin KO mice had progressive cardiac dysfunction with cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis after 9 months of age, likely due to chronic hypertension. When Corin KO mice were subjected to TAC at 10-12 weeks of age, cardiac function decreased more rapidly than in similarly treated wild-type mice. When the TAC-operated Corin KO mice were treated with recombinant corin protein, cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis were ameliorated. The corin treatment also decreased the gene expression associated with cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, increased plasma cGMP levels, lowered plasma levels of N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide, angiotensin II, and aldosterone, and lessened lung edema in the Corin KO mice subjected to TAC. Conclusion Corin deficiency impairs cardiac function and exacerbates HF development in mice. Corin protein may be used to reduce cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, suppress the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and improve cardiac function in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayan Niu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenguo Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Medical School, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wu Q. Natriuretic Peptide Signaling in Uterine Biology and Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12309. [PMID: 37569683 PMCID: PMC10418983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial decidualization is a uterine process essential for spiral artery remodeling, embryo implantation, and trophoblast invasion. Defects in endometrial decidualization and spiral artery remodeling are important contributing factors in preeclampsia, a major disorder in pregnancy. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone that regulates blood volume and pressure. ANP is also generated in non-cardiac tissues, such as the uterus and placenta. In recent human genome-wide association studies, multiple loci with genes involved in natriuretic peptide signaling are associated with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. In cellular experiments and mouse models, uterine ANP has been shown to stimulate endometrial decidualization, increase TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand expression and secretion, and enhance apoptosis in arterial smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. In placental trophoblasts, ANP stimulates adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling, leading to autophagy inhibition and protein kinase N3 upregulation, thereby increasing trophoblast invasiveness. ANP deficiency impairs endometrial decidualization and spiral artery remodeling, causing a preeclampsia-like phenotype in mice. These findings indicate the importance of natriuretic peptide signaling in pregnancy. This review discusses the role of ANP in uterine biology and potential implications of impaired ANP signaling in preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Boroń D, Kornacki J, Gutaj P, Mantaj U, Wirstlein P, Wender-Ozegowska E. Corin-The Early Marker of Preeclampsia in Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010061. [PMID: 36614857 PMCID: PMC9821544 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in pregnant women. Pregestational diabetes (PGDM) patients are prone to vascular complications and preeclampsia, whereas vascular exposure to hyperglycemia induces inflammation, vascular remodeling, and arterial stiffness. Corin is a serine protease, converting inactive pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP) into an active form. It also promotes salt and water excretion by activating atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and significantly increases trophoblast invasion. The study aimed to determine whether corin may be a predictor of PE in a high-risk group-women with long-term PGDM. The nested case-control prospective study involved 63 patients with long-term pregestational type 1 diabetes (PGDM). In total, 17 patients developed preeclampsia (the study group), whereas 43 patients without PE constituted the control group. To assess corin concentration, blood samples were collected at two time points: between 18th-22nd week of gestation and 28th-32nd week of gestation. PE patients presented significantly higher mid-gestation corin levels, urine protein loss in each trimester, serum creatinine in the third trimester, and lower creatinine clearance in the third trimester. The results of our study indicate that serum corin assessment may play a role in predicting preeclampsia. Thus, it may be included in the PE risk calculator, initially in high-risk groups, such as patients with PGDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boroń
- Department of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- PUMS Doctoral School, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Jakub Kornacki
- Department of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Gutaj
- Department of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Urszula Mantaj
- Department of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemysław Wirstlein
- Department of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Wender-Ozegowska
- Department of Reproduction, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
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Abassi Z, Khoury EE, Karram T, Aronson D. Edema formation in congestive heart failure and the underlying mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:933215. [PMID: 36237903 PMCID: PMC9553007 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.933215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Congestive heart failure (HF) is a complex disease state characterized by impaired ventricular function and insufficient peripheral blood supply. The resultant reduced blood flow characterizing HF promotes activation of neurohormonal systems which leads to fluid retention, often exhibited as pulmonary congestion, peripheral edema, dyspnea, and fatigue. Despite intensive research, the exact mechanisms underlying edema formation in HF are poorly characterized. However, the unique relationship between the heart and the kidneys plays a central role in this phenomenon. Specifically, the interplay between the heart and the kidneys in HF involves multiple interdependent mechanisms, including hemodynamic alterations resulting in insufficient peripheral and renal perfusion which can lead to renal tubule hypoxia. Furthermore, HF is characterized by activation of neurohormonal factors including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), sympathetic nervous system (SNS), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) due to reduced cardiac output (CO) and renal perfusion. Persistent activation of these systems results in deleterious effects on both the kidneys and the heart, including sodium and water retention, vasoconstriction, increased central venous pressure (CVP), which is associated with renal venous hypertension/congestion along with increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). The latter was shown to reduce renal blood flow (RBF), leading to a decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Besides the activation of the above-mentioned vasoconstrictor/anti-natriuretic neurohormonal systems, HF is associated with exceptionally elevated levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). However, the supremacy of the deleterious neurohormonal systems over the beneficial natriuretic peptides (NP) in HF is evident by persistent sodium and water retention and cardiac remodeling. Many mechanisms have been suggested to explain this phenomenon which seems to be multifactorial and play a major role in the development of renal hyporesponsiveness to NPs and cardiac remodeling. This review focuses on the mechanisms underlying the development of edema in HF with reduced ejection fraction and refers to the therapeutic maneuvers applied today to overcome abnormal salt/water balance characterizing HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Abassi
- Department of Physiology, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- *Correspondence: Zaid Abassi,
| | - Emad E. Khoury
- Department of Physiology, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tony Karram
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Doron Aronson
- Department of Cardiology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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Zhou T, Zhang S, Du C, Wang K, Gu X, Sun S, Zhang X, Niu Y, Wang C, Liu M, Dong N, Wu Q. Renal Corin Is Essential for Normal Blood Pressure and Sodium Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911251. [PMID: 36232551 PMCID: PMC9570390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)-mediated natriuresis is known as a cardiac endocrine function in sodium and body fluid homeostasis. Corin is a protease essential for ANP activation. Here, we studied the role of renal corin in regulating salt excretion and blood pressure. We created corin conditional knockout (cKO), in which the Corin gene was selectively disrupted in the kidney (kcKO) or heart (hcKO). We examined the blood pressure, urinary Na+ and Cl− excretion, and cardiac hypertrophy in wild-type, corin global KO, kcKO, and hcKO mice fed normal- and high-salt diets. We found that on a normal-salt diet (0.3% NaCl), corin kcKO and hcKO mice had increased blood pressure, indicating that both renal and cardiac corin is necessary for normal blood pressure in mice. On a high-salt diet (4% NaCl), reduced urinary Na+ and Cl− excretion, increased body weight, salt-exacerbated hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy were observed in corin kcKO mice. In contrast, impaired urinary Na+ and Cl− excretion and salt-exacerbated hypertension were not observed in corin hcKO mice. These results indicated that renal corin function is important in enhancing natriuresis upon high salt intakes and that this function cannot be compensated by the cardiac corin function in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhou
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chunyu Du
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiabing Gu
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shijin Sun
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yayan Niu
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Can Wang
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Hematology Center, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: (N.D.); (Q.W.)
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Zhang X, Li W, Zhou T, Liu M, Wu Q, Dong N. Corin Deficiency Alters Adipose Tissue Phenotype and Impairs Thermogenesis in Mice. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081101. [PMID: 35892957 PMCID: PMC9329919 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a key regulator in body fluid balance and cardiovascular biology. In addition to its role in enhancing natriuresis and vasodilation, ANP increases lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipose tissue. Corin is a protease responsible for ANP activation. It remains unknown if corin has a role in regulating adipose tissue function. Here, we examined adipose tissue morphology and function in corin knockout (KO) mice. We observed increased weights and cell sizes in white adipose tissue (WAT), decreased levels of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), a brown adipocyte marker in WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT), and suppressed thermogenic gene expression in BAT from corin KO mice. At regular room temperature, corin KO and wild-type mice had similar metabolic rates. Upon cold exposure at 4 °C, corin KO mice exhibited impaired thermogenic responses and developed hypothermia. In BAT from corin KO mice, the signaling pathway of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor c coactivator 1a, and Ucp1 was impaired. In cell culture, ANP treatment increased Ucp1 expression in BAT-derived adipocytes from corin KO mice. These data indicate that corin mediated-ANP activation is an important hormonal mechanism in regulating adipose tissue function and body temperature upon cold exposure in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianrui Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Z.); (W.L.); (T.Z.); (M.L.)
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wenguo Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Z.); (W.L.); (T.Z.); (M.L.)
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Z.); (W.L.); (T.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Meng Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Z.); (W.L.); (T.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Z.); (W.L.); (T.Z.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (N.D.)
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (X.Z.); (W.L.); (T.Z.); (M.L.)
- MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Correspondence: (Q.W.); (N.D.)
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Yang S, Li S, Lin F, Hsieh T, Huang P, Lin S. Chronic Kidney Disease Is Associated With Increased Cardiac Corin Expression But Decreased Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide Conversion Activity. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025208. [PMID: 35861835 PMCID: PMC9707843 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.025208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Corin converts proatrial natriuretic peptide into its active form after being activated by PCSK6 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6) protease. It remains unknown whether the PCSK6/corin/atrial natriuretic peptide pathway plays a role in CKD‐induced cardiomyopathy.
Methods and Results
Serum corin, left ventricular mass index, and corin–left ventricular mass index correlation were compared between outpatients with versus without CKD. Cardiac corin expression and activity as well as serum corin were compared between 5/6 nephrectomy CKD animal models and sham controls. The effects of indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, on cardiomyocytes were examined in vitro in H9c2 cells. A total of 543 patients were enrolled in this study. Serum corin levels were elevated in patients with CKD compared with levels in patients without CKD. Serum corin levels correlated negatively with left ventricular mass index in participants without CKD, but not in patients with CKD. Compared with sham controls, CKD mice had higher serum corin levels and increased cardiac expression of corin but reduced cardiac corin conversion activity. Indoxyl sulfate stimulated corin expression while suppressing serine protease activity in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Lower PCSK6 expression in CKD mouse hearts and indoxyl sulfate–treated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts may explain, at least partly, the observed CKD‐associated reduction in corin activity.
Conclusions
In CKD, cardiac and serum levels of corin are increased, yet corin activity is suppressed. The latter may be attributable to reduced PCSK6 expression. These findings suggest that corin dysfunction may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CKD‐associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang‐Feng Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine Cheng Hsin General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Szu‐Yuan Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Feng‐Yen Lin
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tsung‐Han Hsieh
- Joint Biobank, Office of Human Research Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Po‐Hsun Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shing‐Jong Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Center Cheng‐Hsin General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
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Parcha V, Irvin MR, Lange LA, Armstrong ND, Pampana A, Meyer M, Judd SE, Arora G, Arora P. Corin Missense Variants, Blood Pressure, and Hypertension in 11 322 Black Individuals: Insights From REGARDS and the Jackson Heart Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025582. [PMID: 35699180 PMCID: PMC9238660 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.025582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Corin enzyme contributes to the processing of inactive natriuretic peptides to bioactive hormones. In Black individuals, Corin gene variants (rs111253292 [Q568P] and rs75770792 [T555I]) have been previously reported to have a modest association with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. Methods and Results We evaluated the association of Corin genotype with BP traits, prevalent hypertension, and incident hypertension among self‐identified 11 322 Black Americans in the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study and the JHS (Jackson Heart Study) using multivariable‐adjusted regression modeling. Multivariable‐adjusted genotype‐stratified differences in NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) and BNP (B‐type natriuretic peptide) levels were assessed. Genotype‐stratified NPPA and NPPB expression differences in healthy organ donor left atrial and left ventricular heart tissue (N=15) were also examined. The rs111253292 genotype was not associated with systolic BP (β±SE, 0.42±0.58; −1.24±0.82), diastolic BP (0.51±0.33; −0.41±0.46), mean arterial pressure (0.48±0.38; −0.68±0.51), and prevalent hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 0.93 [95% CI, 0.80–1.09]; OR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.61–1.01]) in both REGARDS and JHS, respectively. The rs75770792 genotype was not associated with systolic BP (0.48±0.58; −1.26±0.81), diastolic BP (0.52±0.33; −0.33±0.45), mean arterial pressure (0.50±0.38; −0.63±0.50), and prevalent hypertension (OR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.84–1.23]; OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.67–1.13]) in both cohorts, respectively. The Corin genotype was also not associated with incident hypertension (OR, 1.35 [95% CI, 0.94–1.93]; OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.64–1.39]) in the study cohorts. The NT‐proBNP levels in REGARDS and BNP levels in JHS were similar between the Corin genotype groups. In heart tissue, the NPPA and NPPB expression was similar between the genotype groups. Conclusions Corin gene variants observed more commonly in Black individuals are not associated with differences in NP expression, circulating NP levels, and BP or hypertension as previously reported in candidate gene studies. Understanding the genetic determinants of complex cardiovascular traits in underrepresented populations requires further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibhu Parcha
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora CO.,Department of Epidemiology University of Colorado School of Public Health Aurora CO
| | - Nicole D Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Akhil Pampana
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Mariah Meyer
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine Department of Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora CO
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Garima Arora
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL
| | - Pankaj Arora
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL.,Section of Cardiology Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center Birmingham AL
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10
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Corin: A Key Mediator in Sodium Homeostasis, Vascular Remodeling, and Heart Failure. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050717. [PMID: 35625445 PMCID: PMC9138375 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is an important hormone that regulates many physiological and pathological processes, including electrolyte and body fluid balance, blood volume and pressure, cardiac channel activity and function, inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, and vascular remodeling. Corin is a transmembrane serine protease that activates ANP. Variants in the CORIN gene are associated with cardiovascular disease, including hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and preeclampsia. The current data indicate a key role of corin-mediated ANP production and signaling in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the latest findings regarding the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the role of corin in sodium homeostasis, uterine spiral artery remodeling, and heart failure. Abstract Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a crucial element of the cardiac endocrine function that promotes natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation, thereby protecting normal blood pressure and cardiac function. Corin is a type II transmembrane serine protease that is highly expressed in the heart, where it converts the ANP precursor to mature ANP. Corin deficiency prevents ANP activation and causes hypertension and heart disease. In addition to the heart, corin is expressed in other tissues, including those of the kidney, skin, and uterus, where corin-mediated ANP production and signaling act locally to promote sodium excretion and vascular remodeling. These results indicate that corin and ANP function in many tissues via endocrine and autocrine mechanisms. In heart failure patients, impaired natriuretic peptide processing is a common pathological mechanism that contributes to sodium and body fluid retention. In this review, we discuss most recent findings regarding the role of corin in non-cardiac tissues, including the kidney and skin, in regulating sodium homeostasis and body fluid excretion. Moreover, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying corin and ANP function in supporting orderly cellular events in uterine spiral artery remodeling. Finally, we assess the potential of corin-based approaches to enhance natriuretic peptide production and activity as a treatment of heart failure.
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11
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Wei JH, Lee MH, Lee WJ, Chen SC, Almalki OM, Chen JC, Wu CC, Lee YC. Change of cardiovascular risk associated serologic biomarkers after gastric bypass: A comparison of diabetic and non-diabetic Asian patients. Asian J Surg 2022; 45:2253-2258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2021.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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12
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Zou T, Yao S, Du MF, Mu JJ, Chu C, Hu GL, Liao YY, Chen C, Wang D, Ma Q, Yan Y, Jia H, Wang KK, Sun Y, Niu ZJ, Zhang X, Yan RC, Man ZY, Ren DF, Wang L, Gao WH, Li H, Wu YX, Li CH, Gao K, Zhang J, Yang TL, Wang Y. Associations of corin genetic polymorphisms with salt sensitivity, blood pressure changes, and hypertension incidence in Chinese adults. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:2115-2123. [PMID: 34846782 PMCID: PMC8696215 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Corin, a transmembrane serine protease that can cleave pro‐atrial natriuretic peptide (Pro‐ANP) into smaller bioactive molecule atrial natriuretic peptide, has been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy. We sought to examine the associations of corin genetic variations with salt sensitivity, blood pressure (BP) changes and hypertension incidence. We studied participants of the original Baoji Salt‐Sensitive cohort, recruited from 124 families from seven Chinese villages in 2004 who sequentially received a usual baseline salt diet, a 7‐day low salt diet (3 g/day) and a 7‐day high salt diet (18 g/day), respectively. They were followed up for 8 years (in 2009, 2012) to evaluate the development of hypertension. Corin SNP rs3749584 was significantly associated with diastolic BP (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) response to low‐salt diet, while rs4695253, rs17654278 were associated with pulse pressure (PP) response to low‐salt diet. SNPs rs4695253, rs12509275, rs2351783, rs2271036, rs2271037 were significantly associated with systolic BP (SBP), DBP, and MAP responses to high‐salt diet. In addition, SNPs rs12641823, rs6834933, rs2271036, and rs22710367 were significantly associated with the longitudinal changes in SBP, DBP, MAP, or PP over 8 years of follow‐up. SNP rs73814824 was significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension over 8 years. Gene‐based analysis showed that corin gene was significantly associated with longitudinal BP changes and hypertension incidence after 8‐year follow‐up. This study suggests that corin may play a role in salt sensitivity, BP progression, and development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Shi Yao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ming-Fei Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian-Jun Mu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Chu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Gui-Lin Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue-Yuan Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiong Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Ke Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Ze-Jiaxin Niu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui-Chen Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Zi-Yue Man
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan-Feng Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei-Hua Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.1 Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong-Xing Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun-Hua Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Tie-Lin Yang
- Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
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13
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Wang M, Lee-Kim VS, Atri DS, Elowe NH, Yu J, Garvie CW, Won HH, Hadaya JE, MacDonald BT, Trindade K, Melander O, Rader DJ, Natarajan P, Kathiresan S, Kaushik VK, Khera AV, Gupta RM. Rare, Damaging DNA Variants in CORIN and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From Functional Genomics and Large-Scale Sequencing Analyses. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2021; 14:e003399. [PMID: 34592835 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.121.003399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corin is a protease expressed in cardiomyocytes that plays a key role in salt handling and intravascular volume homeostasis via activation of natriuretic peptides. It is unknown if Corin loss-of-function (LOF) is causally associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We analyzed all coding CORIN variants in an Italian case-control study of CAD. We functionally tested all 64 rare missense mutations in Western Blot and Mass Spectroscopy assays for proatrial natriuretic peptide cleavage. An expanded rare variant association analysis for Corin LOF mutations was conducted in whole exome sequencing data from 37 799 CAD cases and 212 184 controls. RESULTS We observed LOF variants in CORIN in 8 of 1803 (0.4%) CAD cases versus 0 of 1725 controls (P, 0.007). Of 64 rare missense variants profiled, 21 (33%) demonstrated <30% of wild-type activity and were deemed damaging in the 2 functional assays for Corin activity. In a rare variant association study that aggregated rare LOF and functionally validated damaging missense variants from the Italian study, we observed no association with CAD-21 of 1803 CAD cases versus 12 of 1725 controls with adjusted odds ratio of 1.61 ([95% CI, 0.79-3.29]; P=0.17). In the expanded sequencing dataset, there was no relationship between rare LOF variants with CAD was also observed (odds ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 0.89-1.49]; P=0.30). Consistent with the genetic analysis, we observed no relationship between circulating Corin concentrations with incident CAD events among 4744 participants of a prospective cohort study-sex-stratified hazard ratio per SD increment of 0.96 ([95% CI, 0.87-1.07], P=0.48). CONCLUSIONS Functional testing of missense mutations improved the accuracy of rare variant association analysis. Despite compelling pathophysiology and a preliminary observation suggesting association, we observed no relationship between rare damaging variants in CORIN or circulating Corin concentrations with risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxian Wang
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (M.W., J.E.H., P.N., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Center for Genomic Medicine (M.W., P.N., S.K., A.V.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Vivian S Lee-Kim
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (V.S.L.-K., D.S.A.)
| | - Deepak S Atri
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (V.S.L.-K., D.S.A.)
| | - Nadine H Elowe
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - John Yu
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Colin W Garvie
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Gyeonggi, South Korea (H.-H.W.)
| | - Joseph E Hadaya
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (M.W., J.E.H., P.N., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Bryan T MacDonald
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Kevin Trindade
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.T., D.J.R.)
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Skåne, Sweden (O.M.).,Department of Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (O.M.)
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (K.T., D.J.R.)
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (M.W., J.E.H., P.N., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Center for Genomic Medicine (M.W., P.N., S.K., A.V.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.,Division of Cardiology (P.N., S.K., A.V.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Genomic Medicine (M.W., P.N., S.K., A.V.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.,Division of Cardiology (P.N., S.K., A.V.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.,Verve Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA (S.K.)
| | - Virendar K Kaushik
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Amit V Khera
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (M.W., J.E.H., P.N., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Center for Genomic Medicine (M.W., P.N., S.K., A.V.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.,Division of Cardiology (P.N., S.K., A.V.K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Rajat M Gupta
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics (M.W., J.E.H., P.N., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Cardiovascular Disease Initiative (M.W., V.S.L.-K., D.S.A., N.H.E., J.Y., C.W.G., B.T.M., P.N., V.K.K., A.V.K., R.M.G.), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
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Zhao Y, Yuan X, Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Li S, Zhao Y, Zheng W, Liu J, Xia Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Chen F. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the 3' Untranslated Region of CORIN Associated With Cardiovascular Diseases in a Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:625072. [PMID: 34409072 PMCID: PMC8365884 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.625072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Corin is a transmembrane serine protease that activates pro-forms of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides. Numerous studies have indicated that corin played an important role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, there have been few studies about the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of CORIN and CVDs. The aims of this study were to investigate the associations of three SNPs (rs3749585, rs4695253, and rs12641823) in the 3'UTR of CORIN with CVDs and to find the seed regions of microRNAs (miRNAs) that bind to SNPs of CORIN. Methods and Results: A case–control study (n = 3,537) was performed in a Han population of northeastern China. CVDs included essential hypertension (EH), atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), and coronary artery disease (CAD). Genotyping was performed using high-resolution melt analysis. In the EH-control study, rs3749585T was significantly associated with the risk of EH after adjusting for sex and age in allelic (padj = 0.049; OR: 1.113) and dominant (padj = 0.015, OR: 1.233) models. Rs4695253T was significantly associated with the risk of EH in the recessive model after adjusting for sex and age (padj = 0.005, OR: 2.084). Rs3749585T was significantly and negatively associated with AF in the dominant and additive models after adjusting for sex, age, EH, HF, T2DM, and CAD (dominant: padj = 0.009, OR: 0.762; additive: padj = 0.048, OR: 0.873). In the HF-control study and CAD-control study, none of the three SNPs was associated with HF and CAD after adjusting for covariates in any models (padj > 0.05). The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in rs4695253CC+CT were lower than the levels of HDL in rs4695253TT (42.47 ± 10.30 vs. 48.0 ± 10.24 mg/dl, padj = 0.008). The levels of total cholesterol (TC) in rs4695253CC+CT were lower than the levels of TC in rs4695253TT (164.01 ± 49.15 vs. 180.81 ± 43.92 mg/dl, padj = 0.036). Luciferase assay revealed that the relative luciferase activity of rs3749585CC-transfected cells was significantly decreased by miR-494-3p, in comparison to cells transfected with rs3749585TT (p < 0.001). A significant decrease in the relative luciferase activity of rs3749585TT reporter was observed as compared with rs3749585CC reporter in the presence of miR-1323 or miR-548o-3p (p = 0.017 and 0.012, respectively). Conclusions: We found significant associations between rs3749585T and rs4695253T and EH, between rs4695253T and the levels of TC and HDL, and between rs3749585T and AF. Hsa-miR-494-3p may serve as a potential therapeutic target for EH and AF patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoyang Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, China
| | - Yutao Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Beijing, China
| | - Shushan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jinqiu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yunlong Xia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanzong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Feifei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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15
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Function and regulation of corin in physiology and disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:1905-1916. [PMID: 33125488 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is of major importance in the maintenance of electrolyte balance and normal blood pressure. Reduced plasma ANP levels are associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Corin is a type II transmembrane serine protease that converts the ANP precursor to mature ANP. Corin deficiency prevents ANP generation and alters electrolyte and body fluid homeostasis. Corin is synthesized as a zymogen that is proteolytically activated on the cell surface. Factors that disrupt corin folding, intracellular trafficking, cell surface expression, and zymogen activation are expected to impair corin function. To date, CORIN variants that reduce corin activity have been identified in hypertensive patients. In addition to the heart, corin expression has been detected in non-cardiac tissues, where corin and ANP participate in diverse physiological processes. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge in corin biosynthesis and post-translational modifications. We also discuss tissue-specific corin expression and function in physiology and disease.
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Irvin MR, Aggarwal P, Claas SA, de Las Fuentes L, Do AN, Gu CC, Matter A, Olson BS, Patki A, Schwander K, Smith JD, Srinivasasainagendra V, Tiwari HK, Turner AJ, Nickerson DA, Rao DC, Broeckel U, Arnett DK. Whole-Exome Sequencing and hiPSC Cardiomyocyte Models Identify MYRIP, TRAPPC11, and SLC27A6 of Potential Importance to Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in an African Ancestry Population. Front Genet 2021; 12:588452. [PMID: 33679876 PMCID: PMC7933688 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.588452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Indices of left ventricular (LV) structure and geometry represent useful intermediate phenotypes related to LV hypertrophy (LVH), a predictor of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) outcomes. Methods and Results: We conducted an exome-wide association study of LV mass (LVM) adjusted to height2.7, LV internal diastolic dimension (LVIDD), and relative wall thickness (RWT) among 1,364 participants of African ancestry (AAs) in the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network (HyperGEN). Both single-variant and gene-based sequence kernel association tests were performed to examine whether common and rare coding variants contribute to variation in echocardiographic traits in AAs. We then used a data-driven procedure to prioritize and select genes for functional validation using a human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) model. Three genes [myosin VIIA and Rab interacting protein (MYRIP), trafficking protein particle complex 11 (TRAPPC11), and solute carrier family 27 member 6 (SLC27A6)] were prioritized based on statistical significance, variant functional annotations, gene expression in the hiPSC-CM model, and prior biological evidence and were subsequently knocked down in the hiPSC-CM model. Expression profiling of hypertrophic gene markers in the knockdowns suggested a decrease in hypertrophic expression profiles. MYRIP knockdowns showed a significant decrease in atrial natriuretic factor (NPPA) and brain natriuretic peptide (NPPB) expression. Knockdowns of the heart long chain fatty acid (FA) transporter SLC27A6 resulted in downregulated caveolin 3 (CAV3) expression, which has been linked to hypertrophic phenotypes in animal models. Finally, TRAPPC11 knockdown was linked to deficient calcium handling. Conclusions: The three genes are biologically plausible candidates that provide new insight to hypertrophic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Praful Aggarwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Steven A Claas
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine and Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Anh N Do
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - C Charles Gu
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Andrea Matter
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Benjamin S Olson
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Amit Patki
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Amy J Turner
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Dabeeru C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ulrich Broeckel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute, Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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Gommans DHF, Revuelta-Lopez E, Lupon J, Cserkóová A, Domingo M, Vart P, van Royen N, Bayés-Genis A, van Kimmenade RRJ. Soluble Neprilysin and Corin Concentrations in Relation to Clinical Outcome in Chronic Heart Failure. JACC-HEART FAILURE 2020; 9:85-95. [PMID: 33189629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether patients with chronic heart failure (HF) can be stratified according to the combination of soluble neprilysin and corin concentrations and whether this is related to clinical outcome. BACKGROUND Natriuretic peptide processing by the enzymes corin and neprilysin plays a pivotal role in conversion of pro-natriuretic peptides to active natriuretic peptides, as well as their degradation, respectively. METHODS A prospective cohort of patients with chronic HF (n = 1,009) was stratified into 4 equal groups based on high or low neprilysin/corin concentration relative to the median: 1) low neprilysin/low corin; 2) low neprilysin/high corin; 3) high neprilysin/low corin; and 4) high neprilysin/high corin. Cox regression survival analysis was performed for the composite primary endpoint of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization. RESULTS Median neprilysin and corin concentrations were not correlated (rho: -0.04; p = 0.21). Although in univariate analysis there was no association with outcome, after correction for baseline differences in age and sex, a significant association with survival was demonstrated: with highest survival in group 1 (low neprilysin/low corin) and lowest in group 4 (high neprilysin/high corin) (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.56; p = 0.003), which remained statistically significant after comprehensive multivariable analysis (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.41; p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Stratification of patients with chronic HF based on circulating neprilysin and corin concentrations is associated with clinical outcomes. These results suggest that regulation of these enzymes is of importance in chronic HF and may offer an interesting approach for classification of patients with HF in a step toward individualized HF patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Frank Gommans
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Elena Revuelta-Lopez
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration Research Program, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Lupon
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration Research Program, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Cserkóová
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration Research Program, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Domingo
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration Research Program, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Priya Vart
- Department of Biostatistics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genis
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration Research Program, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Zhang H, Mo X, Qian Q, Zhou Z, Zhu Z, HuangFu X, Xu T, Wang A, Guo Z, Lei S, Zhang Y. Associations between potentially functional CORIN SNPs and serum corin levels in the Chinese Han population. BMC Genet 2019; 20:99. [PMID: 31856714 PMCID: PMC6923953 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-019-0802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Corin is an important convertase involved in the natriuretic peptide system and may indirectly regulate blood pressure. Genetic factors relate to corin remain unclear. The purpose of the current study was to comprehensively examine the associations among CORIN SNPs, methylations, serum corin levels and hypertension. Results We genotyped 9 tag-SNPs in the CORIN gene and measured serum corin levels in 731 new-onset hypertensive cases and 731 age- and sex-matched controls. DNA methylations were tested in 43 individuals. Mendelian randomization was used to investigate the causal associations. Under additive models, we observed associations of rs2289433 (p.Cys13Tyr), rs6823184, rs10517195, rs2271037 and rs12509275 with serum corin levels after adjustment for covariates (P = 0.0399, 0.0238, 0.0016, 0.0148 and 0.0038, respectively). The tag-SNP rs6823184 and SNPs that are in strong linkage disequilibrium with it, i.e., rs10049713, rs6823698 and rs1866689, were associated with CORIN gene expression (P = 2.38 × 10− 24, 5.94 × 10− 27, 6.31 × 10− 27 and 6.30 × 10− 27, respectively). Neither SNPs nor corin levels was found to be associated with hypertension. SNP rs6823184, which is located in a DNase hypersensitivity cluster, a CpG island and transcription factor binding sites, was significantly associated with cg02955940 methylation levels (P = 1.54 × 10− 7). A putative causal association between cg02955940 methylation and corin levels was detected (P = 0.0011). Conclusion This study identified potentially functional CORIN SNPs that were associated with serum corin level in the Chinese Han population. The effect of CORIN SNPs on corin level may be mediated by DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbo Mo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyu Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhou
- Changshu Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng HuangFu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufeng Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Yang SF, Chou RH, Lin SJ, Li SY, Huang PH. Serum PCSK6 and corin levels are not associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing coronary angiography. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226129. [PMID: 31825978 PMCID: PMC6905542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-6 (PCSK6) is a secretory protein that activates corin in the heart. Higher circulating levels of corin are associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study aimed to determine the role of serum PCSK6 and corin levels in predicting cardiovascular outcomes in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and methods In total, 565 patients who had undergone coronary angiography were enrolled. Serum PCSK6 and corin levels were determined before the administration of contrast media. In this study, coronary revascularization, acute myocardial infarction, acute stroke, and death were defined as cardiovascular outcomes. All patients were followed up for at least one year after coronary angiography or until the occurrence of death. Results During a median follow-up of 691 days, 67 patients (15.7%) developed composite cardiovascular outcomes after coronary angiography, including 51 incidents of coronary revascularization, 7 instances of acute myocardial infarction, 2 acute strokes, and 15 deaths. After adjustment for demographic characteristics and all significant variables in the univariate analysis, serum levels of neither PCSK6 nor corin were associated with increased risk for cardiovascular outcomes. This correlation remained insignificant in patients with underlying hypertension, diabetes mellitus, CAD, heart failure, or chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, in patients without CKD, higher serum PCSK6 levels were associated with increased risk for cardiovascular outcomes (hazard ratio 1.380; 95% confidence interval 1.023–1.862). Conclusions We found no association between cardiovascular outcomes and pre-procedural serum levels of PCSK6 or corin in patients undergoing coronary angiography. However, an increased risk was seen in non-CKD patients with higher PCSK6 levels. Further studies are needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Feng Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hsing Chou
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Healthcare and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Li
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (PHH); (SYL)
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (PHH); (SYL)
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20
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Functional Screening Identifies MicroRNA Regulators of Corin Activity and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Biogenesis. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:MCB.00271-19. [PMID: 31548261 PMCID: PMC6851346 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00271-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) represents an attractive therapeutic target in hypertension and heart failure. The biologically active form of ANP is produced by the cardiac serine protease corin, and modulation of its activity might therefore represent a novel approach for ANP augmentation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pervasive regulators of gene expression, but their potential role in regulating corin activity has not been elucidated. Our aim was to systematically identify and characterize miRNA regulators of corin activity in human cardiomyocytes. An assay for measuring serine protease activity in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived cardiomyocytes was used to perform a comprehensive screening of miRNA family inhibitors (n = 42). miRNA 1-3p (miR-1-3p) was identified as a potent inhibitor of corin activity. The interaction between miR-1-3p and a specific target site in the CORIN 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) was confirmed through argonaute 2 (AGO2)-RNA immunoprecipitation and reporter assays. Inhibition of miR-1-3p resulted in upregulation of CORIN gene and protein expression, as well as a concomitant increase in extracellular ANP. Additionally, miR-1-3p was found to interact with and inhibit the expression of several transcriptional activators of ANP gene expression. In conclusion, we have identified a novel regulator of corin activity and ANP biogenesis in human cardiomyocytes that might be of potential future therapeutic utility.
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21
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Bajaj NS, Gutiérrez OM, Arora G, Judd SE, Patel N, Bennett A, Prabhu SD, Howard G, Howard VJ, Cushman M, Arora P. Racial Differences in Plasma Levels of N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Outcomes: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. JAMA Cardiol 2019; 3:11-17. [PMID: 29167879 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2017.4207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Importance Recent studies have suggested that the natriuretic peptide system may be endogenously suppressed in black individuals who are free of prevalent cardiovascular disease. Whether natriuretic peptide levels contribute to racial disparities in clinical outcomes is unknown. Objective To examine racial differences in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) levels and their association with all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Design, Setting, and Participants Baseline NTproBNP levels were measured in a randomly selected sample of 4415 REGARDS study participants. Those with prevalent cardiovascular disease and renal dysfunction were excluded. From July 1, 2003, to September 12, 2007, among the remaining 1998 individuals, racial differences in NTproBNP levels were estimated, and the percentage difference in NTproBNP levels by race was meta-analyzed and compared with published results on participants free of prevalent cardiovascular disease from the Dallas Heart Study and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, using random effects modeling. The association of NTproBNP levels, race, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality in the REGARDS study was studied using appropriate modeling techniques. Data analysis was conducted from July 1, 2003, to March 31, 2016. Main Outcomes and Measures Racial differences in NTproBNP levels and association with all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality. Results Among the 1998 participants studied (972 women and 1026 men; median age, 63 years [interquartile range, 54-72 years]), median NTproBNP levels in black individuals were significantly lower than those in white individuals (46 pg/mL [interquartile range, 23-91] vs 60 pg/mL [interquartile range, 33-106]; P < .001). With multivariable adjustment, NTproBNP levels were up to 27% lower in black individuals as compared with white individuals (β, -0.32; 95% CI, -0.40 to -0.24; P < .001) in the REGARDS study. In meta-analysis of the 3 cohorts, NTproBNP levels were 35% lower in black individuals than white individuals. Among the REGARDS study participants, for every 1-SD higher log NTproBNP, there was a 31% increased risk of death in the multivariable-adjusted model (hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.11-1.54). This increase was driven primarily by association of NTproBNP with cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.19-2.41). No interaction between race and NTproBNP levels was observed with all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality. Conclusions and Relevance Plasma NTproBNP levels are significantly lower in black individuals as compared with white individuals in the REGARDS study and in pooled results from the REGARDS study, Dallas Heart Study, and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Higher NTproBNP levels were associated with higher incidence of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in healthy black and white individuals, and this association did not differ by race.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navkaranbir S Bajaj
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Orlando M Gutiérrez
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Garima Arora
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Nirav Patel
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Aleena Bennett
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Sumanth D Prabhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - George Howard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | - Mary Cushman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Pankaj Arora
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham.,Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
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Li H, Zhang Q, He Y, Shi J, Hu W, Peng H. Sex-specific association between soluble corin and metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1029-1035. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Development of a novel, sensitive cell-based corin assay. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 160:62-70. [PMID: 30553787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Corin (atrial natriuretic peptide-converting enzyme, EC 3.4.21) is a transmembrane serine protease expressed in cardiomyocytes. Corin exerts its cardioprotective effects via the proteolytic cleavage and activation of pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP) to ANP. We recently described an ANP reporter cell line stably expressing the ANP receptor, a cGMP-dependent cation channel used as a real-time cGMP biosensor, and the Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein aequorin. Here, we describe the generation of a novel reporter cell line expressing the calcium biosensor GCaMP6 instead of aequorin. In contrast to the luminescence-based assay, ANP stimulation of our novel GCaMP6 reporter cell resulted in stable, long-lasting fluorescence signals. Using this novel reporter system, we were able to detect pro-ANP to ANP conversion by purified, soluble wildtype corin (solCorin), but not the active site mutant solCorin(S985A), resulting in left-shifted concentration-response curves. Furthermore, cellular pro-ANPase activity could be detected on HEK 293 cells after transient expression of wildtype corin. In contrast, corin activity was not detected after transfection with the inactive corin(S985A) variant. In supernatants from cardiomyocyte-derived HL-1 cells pro-ANP to ANP conversion could also be detected, while in HL-1 corin knockout cells no conversion was observed. These findings underline the role of corin as the pro-ANP convertase. Our novel fluorescence-based ANP reporter cell line is well-suited for the sensitive detection of corin activity, and may be used for the identification and characterization of novel corin modulators.
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Vaiman D. At the Core of Preeclampsia Genetics: Key Insights into the Neurohormonal Contribution to Hypertensive Diseases of Pregnancy and Their Complications. Can J Cardiol 2018; 35:19-22. [PMID: 30595178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vaiman
- Department of Development, Reproduction, Cancer, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.
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25
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Pregnancy-Associated Cardiac Hypertrophy in Corin-Deficient Mice: Observations in a Transgenic Model of Preeclampsia. Can J Cardiol 2018; 35:68-76. [PMID: 30595185 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia increases the risk of heart disease. Defects in the protease corin, including the variant T555I/Q568P found in approximately 12% of blacks, have been associated with preeclampsia and cardiac hypertrophy. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of corin and the T555I/Q568P variant in preeclampsia-associated cardiac alterations using genetically modified mouse models. METHODS Virgin wild-type (WT) and corin knockout mice with or without a cardiac WT corin or T555I/Q568P variant transgene were mated at 3 or 6 months of age. Age- and genotype-matched virgin mice were used as controls. Cardiac morphology and function were assessed at gestational day 18.5 or 28 days postpartum by histologic and echocardiographic analyses. RESULTS Pregnant corin knockout mice at gestational day 18.5 developed cardiac hypertrophy. Such a pregnancy-associated phenotype was not found in WT or corin knockout mice with a cardiac WT corin transgene. Pregnant corin knockout mice with a cardiac T555I/Q568P variant transgene developed cardiac hypertrophy similar to that in pregnant corin knockout mice. The cardiac hypertrophy persisted postpartum in corin knockout mice and was worse if the mice were mated at 6 instead of 3 months of age. There was no hypertrophy-associated decrease in cardiac function in pregnant corin knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS In mice, corin deficiency causes cardiac hypertrophy during pregnancy. Replacement of cardiac WT corin, but not the T555I/Q568P variant found in blacks, rescues this phenotype, indicating a local antihypertrophic function of corin in the heart. Corin deficiency may represent an underlying mechanism in preeclampsia-associated cardiomyopathies.
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Yu R, Han X, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang T. Circulating soluble corin as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular diseases: A translational review. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 485:106-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Wang H, Li S, Wang J, Chen S, Sun XL, Wu Q. N-glycosylation in the protease domain of trypsin-like serine proteases mediates calnexin-assisted protein folding. eLife 2018; 7:e35672. [PMID: 29889025 PMCID: PMC6021170 DOI: 10.7554/elife.35672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypsin-like serine proteases are essential in physiological processes. Studies have shown that N-glycans are important for serine protease expression and secretion, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we report a common mechanism of N-glycosylation in the protease domains of corin, enteropeptidase and prothrombin in calnexin-mediated glycoprotein folding and extracellular expression. This mechanism, which is independent of calreticulin and operates in a domain-autonomous manner, involves two steps: direct calnexin binding to target proteins and subsequent calnexin binding to monoglucosylated N-glycans. Elimination of N-glycosylation sites in the protease domains of corin, enteropeptidase and prothrombin inhibits corin and enteropeptidase cell surface expression and prothrombin secretion in transfected HEK293 cells. Similarly, knocking down calnexin expression in cultured cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes reduced corin cell surface expression and prothrombin secretion, respectively. Our results suggest that this may be a general mechanism in the trypsin-like serine proteases with N-glycosylation sites in their protease domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Molecular CardiologyCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
- Department of ChemistryCleveland State UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Shuo Li
- Molecular CardiologyCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Juejin Wang
- Molecular CardiologyCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Shenghan Chen
- Molecular CardiologyCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
| | - Xue-Long Sun
- Molecular CardiologyCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
- Department of ChemistryCleveland State UniversityClevelandUnited States
- Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringCleveland State UniversityClevelandUnited States
- Center for Gene Regulation of Health and DiseaseCleveland State UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Molecular CardiologyCleveland ClinicClevelandUnited States
- Department of ChemistryCleveland State UniversityClevelandUnited States
- Cyrus Tang Hematology CenterState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Fu S, Ping P, Zhu Q, Ye P, Luo L. Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Its Biochemical, Analytical, and Clinical Issues in Heart Failure: A Narrative Review. Front Physiol 2018; 9:692. [PMID: 29922182 PMCID: PMC5996066 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As the most widely studied and commonly applied natriuretic peptide (NP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has the effects of diuresis, natriuresis, vasodilation, anti-hypertrophy, and anti-fibrosis and it inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems to maintain cardiorenal homeostasis and counteract the effects of HF. Both BNP and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are applied as diagnostic, managing, and prognostic tools for HF. However, due to the complexity of BNP system, the diversity of BNP forms and the heterogeneity of HF status, there are biochemical, analytical, and clinical issues on BNP not fully understood. Current immunoassays cross-react to varying degrees with pro B-type natriuretic peptide (proBNP), NT-proBNP and various BNP forms and cannot effectively differentiate between these forms. Moreover, current immunoassays have different results and may not accurately reflect cardiac function. It is essential to design assays that can recognize specific forms of BNP, NT-proBNP, and proBNP to obtain more clinical information. Not only the processing of proBNP (corin/furin) and BNP (neprilysin), but also the effects of glycosylation on proBNP processing and BNP assays, should be targeted in future studies to enhance their diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Fu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology and Hainan Branch, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Ping
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiwei Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Leiming Luo
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yang SF, Chou RH, Li SY, Huang SS, Huang PH. Serum Corin Level Is Associated With Subsequent Decline in Renal Function in Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.008157. [PMID: 29728370 PMCID: PMC6015333 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.008157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher circulatory corin in patients with cardiac diseases is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes, and chronic cardiac dysfunction is a well-known cause of progressive renal dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the role of serum corin in predicting short-term and long-term renal outcomes after contrast exposure in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Four hundred one patients who had received coronary angiography were enrolled. Serum corin levels were determined before administration of contrast media. Contrast-induced nephropathy was defined as a rise in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL or a 25% increase from baseline within 48 hours after the procedure. Progressive renal dysfunction was defined as >50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate after discharge. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year or until the occurrence of death after coronary angiography. Overall, contrast-induced nephropathy occurred in 23 (5.7%) patients. During a median follow-up of 529 days, 44 (11.0%) cases had subsequent decline in renal function. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, kidney function, traditional risk factors, and medications, lower corin level was found to be independently associated with higher risk for progressive renal dysfunction (hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.44) but not for contrast-induced nephropathy. This inverse correlation remained evident in patients with underlying chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, or heart failure. CONCLUSIONS Lower baseline serum corin was associated with higher risk of renal function decline in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Further studies are needed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Feng Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Hsing Chou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yuan Li
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Sung Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .,Healthcare and Management Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan .,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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30
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Bakthavatchalu V, Wert KJ, Feng Y, Mannion A, Ge Z, Garcia A, Scott KE, Caron TJ, Madden CM, Jacobsen JT, Victora G, Jaenisch R, Fox JG. Cytotoxic Escherichia coli strains encoding colibactin isolated from immunocompromised mice with urosepsis and meningitis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194443. [PMID: 29554148 PMCID: PMC5858775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-compromised mouse models allow for testing the preclinical efficacy of human cell transplantations and gene therapy strategies before moving forward to clinical trials. However, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of the Wsh/Wsh mouse strain to create an immune-compromised model lacking function of Rag2 and Il2rγ led to unexpected morbidity and mortality. This warranted an investigation to ascertain the cause and predisposing factors associated with the outbreak. Postmortem examination was performed on 15 moribund mice. The main lesions observed in these mice consisted of ascending urogenital tract infections, suppurative otitis media, pneumonia, myocarditis, and meningoencephalomyelitis. As Escherichia coli strains harboring polyketide synthase (pks) genomic island were recently isolated from laboratory mice, the tissue sections from the urogenital tract, heart, and middle ear were subjected to E. coli specific PNA-FISH assay that revealed discrete colonies of E. coli associated with the lesions. Microbiological examination and 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed E. coli-induced infection and septicemia in the affected mice. Further characterization by clb gene analysis and colibactin toxicity assays of the pks+ E. coli revealed colibactin-associated cytotoxicity. Rederivation of the transgenic mice using embryo transfer produced mice with an intestinal flora devoid of pks+ E. coli. Importantly, these barrier-maintained rederived mice have produced multiple litters without adverse health effects. This report is the first to describe acute morbidity and mortality associated with pks+ E. coli urosepsis and meningitis in immunocompromised mice, and highlights the importance of monitoring and exclusion of colibactin-producing pks+ E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevan Bakthavatchalu
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Katherine J. Wert
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yan Feng
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anthony Mannion
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zhongming Ge
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alexis Garcia
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen E. Scott
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tyler J. Caron
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Carolyn M. Madden
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Johanne T. Jacobsen
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Victora
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Rudolf Jaenisch
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Chen YL, Li TJ, Hao Y, Wu BG, Li H, Geng N, Sun ZQ, Zheng LQ, Sun YX. Association of rs2271037 and rs3749585 polymorphisms in CORIN with susceptibility to hypertension in a Chinese Han population: A case-control study. Gene 2018; 651:79-85. [PMID: 29391274 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Corins are membrane-bound protease that regulates blood pressure by activating the natriuretic peptides. These pro-atrial natriuretic peptide convertases are essential for sodium homeostasis and normal blood pressure. CORIN variants have been identified in humans and other animals, but no studies of CORIN polymorphisms have been conducted in northeastern China. This study aims to investigate the association of 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CORIN (rs2271037 and rs3749585) with hypertension, as well as their potential interactions with some risk factors of hypertension in a Han population of northeastern China. A case-control study, including 402 patients with hypertension and 406 participants with normal blood pressure, was conducted in Liaoning province. SNP genotyping was carried out by high resolution melting (HRM) after polymerase chain reaction amplifications. Since rs3749585 is located in 3' untranslated region (UTR) of CORIN, in silico analysis was used to predict target micro RNAs on TargetScan, miRanda, and DIANA-microT. As a result, mutant T allele in rs2271037 (odds ratio [OR], 1.693; 95% confidence [CI], 1.528-1.877; p < 0.001) and C allele in rs3749585 (OR, 1.114; 95% CI 1.011-1.227; p = 0.029) increased the risk of hypertension, comparing with wild G allele and T allele, respectively. Patients with genotype TT (OR, 10.209; 95% CI, 6.414-16.250; p < 0.001) and GT (OR, 1.730; 95% CI, 1.226-2.443; p = 0.002) have higher risk of hypertension than those with genotype GG. SNP rs2271037 was significantly associated with susceptibility to hypertension in all genetic models (dominant model: OR, 2.879; 95% CI, 2.080-3.986; p < 0.001; recessive model: OR, 7.159; 95% CI, 4.779-10.724; p < 0.001; additive model: OR, 1.535; 95% CI, 1.163-2.027; p = 0.002). SNP rs3749585 was significantly correlated with hypertension susceptibility only in dominant model (OR, 1.533; 95% CI, 1.073-2.189; p = 0.019), but not in recessive model (OR, 1.220; 95% CI, 0.906-1.644; p = 0.191) or additive model (OR, 0.915; 95% CI, 0.694-1.205; p = 0.527). After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum sodium level in logistic models, the same statistical results were obtained. Interaction study showed the association between CORIN polymorphisms and hypertension could be changed by overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). In silico analyses implicated hsa-miR-495 as a target miRNA that potentially interacts with the 3' UTR of CORIN. In conclusion, polymorphisms of rs2271037 and rs3749585 in CORIN were significantly associated with hypertension in a Han population of northeastern China. The mutant-type T allele of rs2271037 and C allele of rs3749585 might increase the susceptibility to hypertension in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Tie-Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ying Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Bao-Gang Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ning Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Li-Qiang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Library, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ying-Xian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heart failure (HF) continues to be a public health burden despite advances in therapy, and the natriuretic peptide (NP) system is clearly of critical importance in this setting, spawning valuable diagnostic and prognostic testing, such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP), as well as current and future therapeutics, including recombinant natriuretic peptides (e.g., carperitide, nesiritide) and recently sacubitril, which inhibits the key clearance mechanism for NPs. This article intends to summarize the existing evidence for the role of NP system genetic variation on cardiovascular phenotypes relevant to HF with particular focus on the potential impact on pharmacologic therapies. RECENT FINDINGS Several genes in NP system have been interrogated, in many cases genetic variation impacting protein quantity and function or related disease states. Recent data supports genetic variants potentially impacting pharmacokinetics or dynamics of medications targeting the pathway. Growing evidence indicates the importance of genetic variation to the functioning of the NP system and its pharmacologic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abuzaanona
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W. Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - David Lanfear
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W. Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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33
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Zhang J, Yin Y, Chen L, Chu C, Wang Y, Lv Y, He M, Martin M, Huang PH, Mu JJ, Shyy JYJ, Yuan ZY. Short-Term High-Salt Diet Increases Corin Level to Regulate the Salt-Water Balance in Humans and Rodents. Am J Hypertens 2018; 31:253-260. [PMID: 28985241 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpx148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary sodium and potassium affect the fluctuation in blood pressure (BP) and renal function. Corin, with its enzymatic activity to convert pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (pro-ANP) to biologically active ANP, regulates BP, cardiac, and renal functions. We investigated whether corin expression responds to a high-salt (HS) diet to regulate salt and water balance. METHODS Forty-two volunteers followed 3 sequential diets for 7 days each: a low-salt (LS) diet (3.0 g/day NaCl), a HS diet (18.0 g/day NaCl), followed by an HS diet with K+ supplementation (HS + K+) (18.0 g/day NaCl and 4.5 g/day KCl). RESULTS Corin level was higher with the HS diet than the LS and HS + K+ diets and was positively correlated with systolic BP (SBP) and 24-hour urinary Na+ and microalbumin (U-mALB) excretion. In rodents, serum and renal levels of corin were transiently increased with the HS diet and were decreased if the HS diet was continued for up to 7 days. HS loading increased SBP, 24-hour urinary Na+, U-mALB excretion, and the expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-6 (PCSK6), a corin activator. Knockdown of PCSK6 or corin in high salt-treated M1-cortical collecting duct (M1-CCD) cells increased the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) and β-epithelial Na+ channel (β-ENaC). CONCLUSIONS Short-term HS may induce the PCSK6-corin-ANP-AQP2/β-ENaC pathway in the kidney. Enhanced serum corin level in humans and rodents is positively correlated with HS-induced SBP and 24-hour urinary Na+ and U-mALB excretion, which suggests that corin is involved in the salt-water balance in response to HS intake. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION Public Trials Registry Number NCT02915315.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yanjun Yin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Chao Chu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongbo Lv
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marcy Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jun Mu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Zu-Yi Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
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Zhang Y, Zhou T, Niu Y, He M, Wang C, Liu M, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Fukuda K, Qin J, Dong N, Wu Q. Identification and functional analysis of CORIN variants in hypertensive patients. Hum Mutat 2017; 38:1700-1710. [PMID: 28861913 PMCID: PMC5794343 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Corin is a serine protease that activates atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). CORIN gene variants have been reported in patients with hypertension. To date, however, the prevalence of CORIN variants in hypertensive patients remains unknown. To understand the prevalence and functional significance of CORIN variants in hypertension, we sequenced CORIN exons in 300 normal and 401 hypertensive individuals in a Chinese population and identified nine nonsynonymous variants, of which eight were not characterized previously. Among them, variants c.131A > G (p.Tyr13Cys), c.376G > T (p.Asp95Tyr), c.1094T > G (p.Leu334Trp), and c.1667G > A (p.Arg525His) occurred similarly in both normal and hypertensive individuals. Variants c1139G > A (p.Arg349His), c.2689C > T (p.Pro866Ser), and c.2864C > T (p.Thr924Met) were found once each in hypertensive individuals. Variant c.1683G > T (p.Arg530Ser) occurred preferentially in hypertensive individuals [10/401 (2.5%) vs. 1/300 (0.3%) in normal individuals; P = 0.023], which was confirmed in another independent cohort [9/368 (2.44%) in hypertensive and 2/377 (0.53%) in normal individuals; P = 0.033]. In biochemical and cell-based functional studies, variants p.Arg530Ser and p.Thr924Met, but not p.Tyr13Cys, p.Asp95Tyr, p.Leu334Trp, p.Arg349His, p.Arg525His, and p.Pro866Ser, exhibited reduced pro-ANP processing activity, which was caused by endoplasmic reticulum retention and poor zymogen activation, respectively. These results indicate that genetic variants impairing corin function are not uncommon in general populations and that such variants may be an important contributing factor in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yayan Niu
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiling He
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Can Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junhua Yang
- Department of Cardiology and MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, the First Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Koichi Fukuda
- Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jun Qin
- Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology and MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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35
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Chen S, Wang H, Li H, Zhang Y, Wu Q. Functional analysis of corin protein domains required for PCSK6-mediated activation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 94:31-39. [PMID: 29180304 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone essential for normal blood pressure and cardiac function. Corin is a transmembrane serine protease that activates ANP. Recently, we identified proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-6 (PCSK6), also called PACE4, as the long-sought corin activator. Both corin and PCSK6 are expressed in cardiomyocytes, but corin activation occurs only on the cell surface. It remains unknown if cell membrane association is needed for PCSK6 to activate corin. Here we expressed corin deletion mutants in HEK293 cells to analyze the domain structures required for PCSK6-mediated activation. Our results show that soluble corin lacking the transmembrane domain was activated by PCSK6 in the conditioned medium but not intracellularly. Recombinant PCSK6 also activated the soluble corin under cell-free conditions. Moreover, PCSK6-mediated corin activation was not enhanced by cell membrane fractions. These results indicate that cell membrane association is unnecessary for PCSK6 to activate corin. Experiments with monensin that blocks PCSK6 secretion and immunostaining indicated that the soluble corin and PCSK6 were secreted via different intracellular pathways, which may explain the lack of corin activation inside the cell. We also found that the protein domains in the corin pro-peptide region were dispensable for PCSK6-mediated activation and that addition of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate or treatment with heparinase or chondroitinase did not alter corin activation by PCSK6 in HEK293 cells. Together, our results provide important insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying PCSK6-mediated corin activation that is critical for cardiovascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghan Chen
- From the Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; The Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hao Wang
- The Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Heng Li
- From the Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- The Department of Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Rossier BC, Bochud M, Devuyst O. The Hypertension Pandemic: An Evolutionary Perspective. Physiology (Bethesda) 2017; 32:112-125. [PMID: 28202622 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00026.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension affects over 1.2 billion individuals worldwide and has become the most critical and expensive public health problem. Hypertension is a multifactorial disease involving environmental and genetic factors together with risk-conferring behaviors. The cause of the disease is identified in ∼10% of the cases (secondary hypertension), but in 90% of the cases no etiology is found (primary or essential hypertension). For this reason, a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling blood pressure in normal and hypertensive patients is the aim of very active experimental and clinical research. In this article, we review the importance of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) for the control of blood pressure, focusing on the evolution of the system and its critical importance for adaptation of vertebrates to a terrestrial and dry environment. The evolution of blood pressure control during the evolution of primates, hominins, and humans is discussed, together with the role of common genetic factors and the possible causes of the current hypertension pandemic in the light of evolutionary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard C Rossier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; and
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Shin WJ, Seong BL. Type II transmembrane serine proteases as potential target for anti-influenza drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:1139-1152. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1372417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Shin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baik Lin Seong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Vaccine Translational Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Corin is a transmembrane protease that activates atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), an important hormone in regulating salt-water balance and blood pressure. This review focuses on the regulation of corin function and potential roles of corin defects in hypertensive, heart, and renal diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-6 has been identified as a primary enzyme that converts zymogen corin to an active protease. Genetic variants that impair corin intracellular trafficking, cell surface expression, and zymogen activation have been found in patients with hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and pre-eclampsia. Reduced corin expression has been detected in animal models of cardiomyopathies and in human failing hearts. Low levels of circulating soluble corin have been reported in patients with heart disease and stroke. Corin, ANP and natriuretic peptide receptor-A mRNAs, and proteins have been colocalized in human renal segments, suggesting a corin-ANP autocrine function in the kidney. SUMMARY Corin is a key enzyme in the natriuretic peptide system. The latest findings indicate that corin-mediated ANP production may act in a tissue-specific manner to regulate cardiovascular and renal function. Corin defects may contribute to major diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, pre-eclampsia, and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Molecular Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Ichiki T, Burnett Jr JC. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ― Old But New Therapeutic in Cardiovascular Diseases ―. Circ J 2017; 81:913-919. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-17-0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ichiki
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic
| | - John C. Burnett Jr
- Cardiorenal Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic
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Mottet F, Vardeny O, de Denus S. Pharmacogenomics of heart failure: a systematic review. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1817-1858. [PMID: 27813451 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) and multiple HF-related phenotypes are heritable. Genes implicated in the HF pathophysiology would be expected to influence the response to treatment. METHODS We conducted a series of systematic literature searches on the pharmacogenetics of HF therapy to assess the current knowledge on this field. RESULTS Existing data related to HF pharmacogenomics are still limited. The ADRB1 gene is a likely candidate to predict response to β-blockers. Moreover, the cytochrome P450 2D6 coding gene (CYP2D6) clearly affects the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol, although the clinical impact of this association remains to be established. CONCLUSION Given the rising prevalence of HF and related costs, a more personalized use of HF drugs could have a remarkable benefit for patients, caregivers and healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fannie Mottet
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Orly Vardeny
- Associate Professor of Pharmacy & Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Simon de Denus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
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Zhou X, Chen JC, Liu Y, Yang H, Du K, Kong Y, Xu XH. Plasma Corin as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure. JACC-HEART FAILURE 2016; 4:664-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
cGMP controls many cellular functions ranging from growth, viability, and differentiation to contractility, secretion, and ion transport. The mammalian genome encodes seven transmembrane guanylyl cyclases (GCs), GC-A to GC-G, which mainly modulate submembrane cGMP microdomains. These GCs share a unique topology comprising an extracellular domain, a short transmembrane region, and an intracellular COOH-terminal catalytic (cGMP synthesizing) region. GC-A mediates the endocrine effects of atrial and B-type natriuretic peptides regulating arterial blood pressure/volume and energy balance. GC-B is activated by C-type natriuretic peptide, stimulating endochondral ossification in autocrine way. GC-C mediates the paracrine effects of guanylins on intestinal ion transport and epithelial turnover. GC-E and GC-F are expressed in photoreceptor cells of the retina, and their activation by intracellular Ca(2+)-regulated proteins is essential for vision. Finally, in the rodent system two olfactorial GCs, GC-D and GC-G, are activated by low concentrations of CO2and by peptidergic (guanylins) and nonpeptidergic odorants as well as by coolness, which has implications for social behaviors. In the past years advances in human and mouse genetics as well as the development of sensitive biosensors monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of cGMP in living cells have provided novel relevant information about this receptor family. This increased our understanding of the mechanisms of signal transduction, regulation, and (dys)function of the membrane GCs, clarified their relevance for genetic and acquired diseases and, importantly, has revealed novel targets for therapies. The present review aims to illustrate these different features of membrane GCs and the main open questions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kuhn
- Institute of Physiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Ghirotto S, Tassi F, Barbujani G, Pattini L, Hayward C, Vollenweider P, Bochud M, Rampoldi L, Devuyst O. The Uromodulin Gene Locus Shows Evidence of Pathogen Adaptation through Human Evolution. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 27:2983-2996. [PMID: 26966016 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015070830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variants in the UMOD gene encoding uromodulin, associated with risk of hypertension and CKD in the general population, increase UMOD expression and urinary excretion of uromodulin, causing salt-sensitive hypertension and renal lesions. To determine the effect of selective pressure on variant frequency, we investigated the allelic frequency of the lead UMOD variant rs4293393 in 156 human populations, in eight ancient human genomes, and in primate genomes. The T allele of rs4293393, associated with CKD risk, has high frequency in most modern populations and was the one detected in primate genomes. In contrast, we identified only the derived, C allele in Denisovan and Neanderthal genomes. The distribution of the UMOD ancestral allele did not follow the ancestral susceptibility model observed for variants associated with salt-sensitive hypertension. Instead, the global frequencies of the UMOD alleles significantly correlated with pathogen diversity (bacteria, helminths) and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs). The inverse correlation found between urinary levels of uromodulin and markers of UTIs in the general population substantiates the link between UMOD variants and protection against UTIs. These data strongly suggest that the UMOD ancestral allele, driving higher urinary excretion of uromodulin, has been kept at a high frequency because of its protective effect against UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ghirotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Tassi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Guido Barbujani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Linda Pattini
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Rampoldi
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; and
| | - Olivier Devuyst
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Volpe M, Rubattu S. Novel Insights Into the Mechanisms Regulating Pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Cleavage in the Heart and Blood Pressure Regulation. Circ Res 2016; 118:196-8. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.307875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Volpe
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza of Rome, Ospedale S. Andrea, Rome; and IRCCS Neuromed, Angio-Cardio-Neurology Department, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- From the Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza of Rome, Ospedale S. Andrea, Rome; and IRCCS Neuromed, Angio-Cardio-Neurology Department, Pozzilli, Italy
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Abstract
Membrane-anchored serine proteases are a group of extracellular serine proteases tethered directly to plasma membranes, via a C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage (GPI-anchored), a C-terminal transmembrane domain (Type I), or an N-terminal transmembrane domain (Type II). A variety of biochemical, cellular, and in vivo studies have established that these proteases are important pericellular contributors to processes vital for the maintenance of homeostasis, including food digestion, blood pressure regulation, hearing, epithelial permeability, sperm maturation, and iron homeostasis. These enzymes are hijacked by viruses to facilitate infection and propagation, and their misregulation is associated with a wide range of diseases, including cancer malignancy.
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Fathy SA, Abdel Hamid FF, Zabut BM, Jamee AF, Ali MAM, Abu Mustafa AM. Diagnostic utility of BNP, corin and furin as biomarkers for cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Biomarkers 2015; 20:460-9. [PMID: 26488448 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1093032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is progressively increasing, and diabetic cardiovascular complications have become a public health problem. Brain or B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a cardiac hormone synthesized as a pre-pro-peptide. pro-BNP is produced by cleaving the signal peptide then two proprotein convertases, corin and furin cleave pro-BNP to form a biologically active hormone. Two corin single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to alter corin protein conformation and impair its biological activity. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the potential role of corin and furin in comparison to BNP as biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular complications in T2DM patients. The association of corin gene SNPs with corin levels was also examined. METHODS Seventy-five subjects were recruited in this study, including 25 T2DM patients with complications, 25 T2DM patients without complications as well as 25 healthy subjects. Plasma BNP, corin and furin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Two corin SNPs were genotyped using allele specific oligonucleotide-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Both furin and BNP were found to be more sensitive than corin (80% versus 56%, p = 0.008), whereas furin showed higher specificity when compared to BNP (96% versus 84%, p = 0.041) and corin (96% versus 64%, p < 0.0001) in predicting cardiovascular complications in T2DM patients. Corin SNPs are not associated with corin levels, neither in the entire study cohort nor in the subgroup of T2DM patients with cardiovascular complications (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Furin may be useful, either alone or in combination with other biomarkers, for cardiovascular risk stratification assessment in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadia A Fathy
- a Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Fatma F Abdel Hamid
- a Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Baker M Zabut
- b Biochemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Islamic University , Gaza , Palestine
| | - Amal F Jamee
- c Cardiology Department , El-Shifa Hospital , Gaza , Palestine , and
| | - Mohamed A M Ali
- a Department of Biochemistry , Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ayman M Abu Mustafa
- d General Directorate of Human Resources Development, Ministry of Health , Gaza , Palestine
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Peng H, Zhang Q, Cai X, Liu Y, Ding J, Tian H, Chao X, Shen H, Jiang L, Jin J, Zhang Y. Association Between High Serum Soluble Corin and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in a General Population of China. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28:1141-9. [PMID: 25663063 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corin has been suggested to be associated with hypertension by cell- and animal-based studies. However, the association still lacks population-based evidence which critically promotes translation from basic research to clinical and preventive practice. Here, we aimed to explore the association in a general population of China. METHODS From January to May 2010, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 2,498 participants aged above 30 years, residing in Gusu district of Suzhou. Serum soluble corin and blood pressure were measured. RESULTS Hypertensive participants had a higher level of serum corin than nonhypertensive participants (median (interquartile range): 1,836.83 (1,497.85-2,327.87) pg/ml vs. 1,579.14 (1,322.18-1,956.82) pg/ml, P < 0.001). Higher serum corin was positively associated with prevalent hypertension (odds ratio (OR) = 2.01, P < 0.001). In the multiple analysis, participants in the third (OR = 1.43, P = 0.007) and fourth (OR = 1.96, P < 0.001) quartiles had significantly increased odds of hypertension compared to those in the lowest quartile of serum corin. ORs of hypertension positively and significantly increased with serum corin levels (P for trend <0.001). Further subgroup analysis showed that ORs of hypertension associated with high corin (over the median level of serum corin: 1,689.20 pg/ml) were still significant in subgroups by age, body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that hypertensive participants had an increased serum corin level compared to those without hypertension. This finding suggests that corin may play a role in the pathology of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Gusu District, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Cai
- Department of Diagnostic Center, the Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiansong Ding
- Suzhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Suzhou, China
| | - Honggang Tian
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Gusu District, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangqin Chao
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Gusu District, Suzhou, China
| | - Hengshan Shen
- Department of Diagnostic Center, the Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Gusu District, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Gusu District, Suzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China;
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48
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PCSK6-mediated corin activation is essential for normal blood pressure. Nat Med 2015; 21:1048-53. [PMID: 26259032 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease, afflicting >30% of adults. The cause of hypertension in most individuals remains unknown, suggesting that additional contributing factors have yet to be discovered. Corin is a serine protease that activates the natriuretic peptides, thereby regulating blood pressure. It is synthesized as a zymogen that is activated by proteolytic cleavage. CORIN variants and mutations impairing corin activation have been identified in people with hypertension and pre-eclampsia. To date, however, the identity of the protease that activates corin remains elusive. Here we show that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-6 (PCSK6, also named PACE4; ref. 10) cleaves and activates corin. In cultured cells, we found that corin activation was inhibited by inhibitors of PCSK family proteases and by small interfering RNAs blocking PCSK6 expression. Conversely, PCSK6 overexpression enhanced corin activation. In addition, purified PCSK6 cleaved wild-type corin but not the R801A variant that lacks the conserved activation site. Pcsk6-knockout mice developed salt-sensitive hypertension, and corin activation and pro-atrial natriuretic peptide processing activity were undetectable in these mice. Moreover, we found that CORIN variants in individuals with hypertension and pre-eclampsia were defective in PCSK6-mediated activation. We also identified a PCSK6 mutation that impaired corin activation activity in a hypertensive patient. Our results indicate that PCSK6 is the long-sought corin activator and is important for sodium homeostasis and normal blood pressure.
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Colvin M, Sweitzer NK, Albert NM, Krishnamani R, Rich MW, Stough WG, Walsh MN, Westlake Canary CA, Allen LA, Bonnell MR, Carson PE, Chan MC, Dickinson MG, Dries DL, Ewald GA, Fang JC, Hernandez AF, Hershberger RE, Katz SD, Moore S, Rodgers JE, Rogers JG, Vest AR, Whellan DJ, Givertz MM. Heart Failure in Non-Caucasians, Women, and Older Adults: A White Paper on Special Populations From the Heart Failure Society of America Guideline Committee. J Card Fail 2015; 21:674-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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50
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Abstract
Natriuretic peptides are cardiac-derived hormones with a range of protective functions, including natriuresis, diuresis, vasodilation, lusitropy, lipolysis, weight loss, and improved insulin sensitivity. Their actions are mediated through membrane-bound guanylyl cyclases that lead to production of the intracellular second-messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that genetic and acquired deficiencies of the natriuretic peptide system can promote hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, obesity, diabetes mellitus, the metabolic syndrome, and heart failure. Clinically, natriuretic peptides are robust diagnostic and prognostic markers, and augmenting natriuretic peptides is a target for therapeutic strategies in cardiometabolic disease. This review will summarize current understanding and highlight novel aspects of natriuretic peptide biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K Gupta
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine
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