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Zhang Y, Chen B, Wang M, Liu H, Chen M, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wu Y, Liu D, Cui G, Kitakaze M, Kim JK, Wang Y, Luo T. A novel function of claudin-5 in maintaining the structural integrity of the heart and its implications in cardiac pathology. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167274. [PMID: 38838411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of claudin-5 (Cldn5) in cardiac structural integrity. Proteomic analysis was performed to screen the protein profiles in enlarged left atrium from atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Cldn5 shRNA adeno-associated virus (AAV) or siRNA was injected into the mouse left ventricle or added into HL1 cells respectively to knockdown Cldn5 in cardiomyocytes to observe whether the change of Cldn5 influences cardiac morphology and function, and affects those protein expressions stem from the proteomic analysis. Mitochondrial density and membrane potential were also measured by Mitotracker staining and JC-1 staining under the confocal microscope in HL1 cells. Cldn5 was reduced in cardiomyocytes from the left atrial appendage of AF patients compared to non-AF donors. Proteomic analysis showed 83 proteins were less abundant and 102 proteins were more abundant in AF patients. KEGG pathway analysis showed less abundant CACNA2D2, CACNB2, MYL2 and MAP6 were highly associated with dilated cardiomyopathy. Cldn5 shRNA AAV injection caused severe cardiac atrophy, dilation and myocardial dysfunction in mice. The decreases in mitochondrial numbers and mitochondrial membrane potentials in HL1 cells were observed after Cldn5 knockdown. We demonstrated for the first time the mechanism of Cldn5 downregulation-induced myocyte atrophy and myocardial dysfunction might be associated with the downregulation of CACNA2D2, CACNB2, MYL2 and MAP6, and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baihe Chen
- Department of Functional Laboratory, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqiong Liu
- Department of Health Management, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minjun Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiabiao Zhu
- Department of Basic Teaching, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhou Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daishun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guozhen Cui
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | | | - Jin Kyung Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, United States of America
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China.
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Guo X, Tang S, Li Y, Mu C, Zhang H, Jiang Q, Jiang M, Han W, Zheng Y, Piao J. Mechanism underlying the role of integrin α3β1 in adhesive dysfunction between thyroid cells induced by diesel engine exhaust particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174535. [PMID: 38972403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The role and mechanisms of DEP exposure on thyroid injury are not yet clear. This study explores thyroid damage induced by in vivo DEP exposure using a mouse model. This study has observed alterations in thyroid follicular architecture, including rupture, colloid overflow, and the formation of voids. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in the expression levels of proteins involved in thyroid hormone synthesis, such as thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin, their trend of change is consistent with the damage to the thyroid structure. Serum levels of triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine were raise. However, the decrease in TSH expression suggests that the function of the HPT axis is unaffected. To delve deeper into the intrinsic mechanisms of thyroid injury, we performed KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, which revealed notable alterations in the cell adhesion signaling pathway. Our immunofluorescence results show that DEP exposure impairs thyroid adhesion, and integrin α3β1 plays an important role. CD151 binds to α3β1, promoting multimolecular complex formation and activating adhesion-dependent small GTPases. Our in vitro model has confirmed the pivotal role of integrin α3β1 in thyroid cell adhesion, which may be mediated by the CD151/α3β1/Rac1 pathway. In summary, exposure to DEP disrupts the structure and function of the thyroid, a process that likely involves the regulation of cell adhesion through the CD151/α3β1/Rac1 pathway, leading to glandular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Guo
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Siying Tang
- Chengyang City Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanting Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chaohui Mu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongna Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qixiao Jiang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Menghui Jiang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jinmei Piao
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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3
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Song Y, Sun M, Mu G, Tuo Y. Exopolysaccharide secreted by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Y12 showed inhibitory effect on the pathogenicity of Shigella flexneri in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129478. [PMID: 38237822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Shigella flexneri is a prevalent foodborne and waterborne pathogen that threatens human health. Our previous research indicated that the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Y12 exopolysaccharide (L-EPS) potentially inhibited the pathogenicity of S. flexneri. The in vitro results of this study demonstrated that L-EPS effectively mitigated the symptoms induced by S. flexneri in HT-29 cells, including inhibited gene expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, TLR 2/4, and NOD1/2; decreased apoptosis ratio; and alleviated damage degree of intestinal barrier function (Zona occludens 1, Occludin, and Claudin-1). The in vivo results demonstrated that S. flexneri treated with L-EPS elicited mild adverse physiological manifestations, an inflammatory response, and tissue damage. The infection of S. flexneri caused significant alterations in the abundance of phylum (Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, and Proteobacteria), family (Lachnospiraceae, Muribaculaceae, Rikenellaceae, Prevotellaceaea, Ruminococcaceae, and Lactobaillaceae), and genus (Escherichia Shigella and Lachnospirillaceae NK4A136 group) within the cecal microbiota. These changes were accompanied by perturbations in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity, arginine biosynthesis, and histidine metabolic pathways. However, intervention with L-EPS attenuated the dysbiosis of cecal microbiota and metabolic disturbances. In summary, our research suggested a potential application of L-EPS as a functional food additive for mitigating S. flexneri infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglong Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Mengying Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Guangqing Mu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; Dalian Probiotics Function Research Key Laboratory, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
| | - Yanfeng Tuo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
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Yu S, He J, Xie K. Zonula Occludens Proteins Signaling in Inflammation and Tumorigenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3804-3815. [PMID: 37564207 PMCID: PMC10411466 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tight junction (TJ) is the barrier of epithelial and endothelial cells to maintain paracellular substrate transport and cell polarity. As one of the TJ cytoplasmic adaptor proteins adjacent to cell membrane, zonula occludens (ZO) proteins are responsible for connecting transmembrane TJ proteins and cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, providing a binding platform for transmembrane TJ proteins to maintain the barrier function. In addition to the basic structural function, ZO proteins play important roles in signal regulation such as cell proliferation and motility, the latter including cell migration, invasion and metastasis, to influence embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, damage repair, inflammation, tumorigenesis, and cancer progression. In this review, we will focus on the signal regulating function of ZO proteins in inflammation and tumorigenesis, and discuss the limitations of previous research and future challenges in ZO protein research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yu
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangdong, China
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Nielsen MS, van Opbergen CJM, van Veen TAB, Delmar M. The intercalated disc: a unique organelle for electromechanical synchrony in cardiomyocytes. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2271-2319. [PMID: 36731030 PMCID: PMC10191137 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The intercalated disc (ID) is a highly specialized structure that connects cardiomyocytes via mechanical and electrical junctions. Although described in some detail by light microscopy in the 19th century, it was in 1966 that electron microscopy images showed that the ID represented apposing cell borders and provided detailed insight into the complex ID nanostructure. Since then, much has been learned about the ID and its molecular composition, and it has become evident that a large number of proteins, not all of them involved in direct cell-to-cell coupling via mechanical or gap junctions, reside at the ID. Furthermore, an increasing number of functional interactions between ID components are emerging, leading to the concept that the ID is not the sum of isolated molecular silos but an interacting molecular complex, an "organelle" where components work in concert to bring about electrical and mechanical synchrony. The aim of the present review is to give a short historical account of the ID's discovery and an updated overview of its composition and organization, followed by a discussion of the physiological implications of the ID architecture and the local intermolecular interactions. The latter will focus on both the importance of normal conduction of cardiac action potentials as well as the impact on the pathophysiology of arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten S Nielsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chantal J M van Opbergen
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
| | - Toon A B van Veen
- Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Delmar
- The Leon Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossmann School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States
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Embryonic Hyperglycemia Disrupts Myocardial Growth, Morphological Development, and Cellular Organization: An In Vivo Experimental Study. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030768. [PMID: 36983924 PMCID: PMC10056749 DOI: 10.3390/life13030768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia during gestation can disrupt fetal heart development and increase postnatal cardiovascular disease risk. It is therefore imperative to identify early biomarkers of hyperglycemia during gestation-induced fetal heart damage and elucidate the underlying molecular pathomechanisms. Clinical investigations of diabetic adults with heart dysfunction and transgenic mouse studies have revealed that overexpression or increased expression of TNNI3K, a heart-specific kinase that binds troponin cardiac I, may contribute to abnormal cardiac remodeling, ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure. Optimal heart function also depends on the precise organization of contractile and excitable tissues conferred by intercellular occlusive, adherent, and communicating junctions. The current study evaluated changes in embryonic heart development and the expression levels of sarcomeric proteins (troponin I, desmin, and TNNI3K), junctional proteins, glucose transporter-1, and Ki-67 under fetal hyperglycemia. Stage 22HH Gallus domesticus embryos were randomly divided into two groups: a hyperglycemia (HG) group, in which individual embryos were injected with 30 mmol/L glucose solution every 24 h for 10 days, and a no-treatment (NT) control group, in which individual embryos were injected with physiological saline every 24 h for 10 days (stage 36HH). Embryonic blood glucose, height, and weight, as well as heart size, were measured periodically during treatment, followed by histopathological analysis and estimation of sarcomeric and junctional protein expression by western blotting and immunostaining. Hyperglycemic embryos demonstrated delayed heart maturation, with histopathological analysis revealing reduced left and right ventricular wall thickness (−39% and −35% vs. NT). Immunoexpression levels of TNNI3K and troponin 1 increased (by 37% and 39%, respectively), and desmin immunofluorescence reduced (by 23%). Embryo-fetal hyperglycemia may trigger an increase in the expression levels of TNNI3K and troponin I, as well as dysfunction of occlusive and adherent junctions, ultimately inducing abnormal cardiac remodeling.
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7
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Liu X, Li Y, Chen C, Dong J, Zhou J, Tong D, Wang L, Gao X, Kang X. Exosomal EphA2 promotes tumor metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by damaging endothelial barrier. Clin Exp Metastasis 2023; 40:105-116. [PMID: 36380015 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-022-10194-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Many evidences show that exosomes play an important role in cancer development, invasion and metastasis. This study is based on the need to explore exosomal protein that promote breast cancer metastasis. We found that tyrosine kinase EphA2 was enriched in Triple-negative breast cancer -derived exosomes and it could disrupt the endothelial monolayer barrier through downregulating tight junction proteins of endothelial cells. These mechanisms were confirmed by in vivo experiments. After periodical injection of exosomal EphA2 into mice caudal vein, we found increased vascular permeability and breast cancer metastases in distant organs, and this phenomenon decreased dramatically after exosomal EphA2 knockdown. This study provides a new mechanism of exosome promoting breast cancer metastasis and suggests a new therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Chunjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jiyang Dong
- Department of Electronic Science, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Dandan Tong
- School of Medicine, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 362021, Fujian, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Xinmei Kang
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
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8
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Zheng M, Li RG, Song J, Zhao X, Tang L, Erhardt S, Chen W, Nguyen BH, Li X, Li M, Wang J, Evans SM, Christoffels VM, Li N, Wang J. Hippo-Yap Signaling Maintains Sinoatrial Node Homeostasis. Circulation 2022; 146:1694-1711. [PMID: 36317529 PMCID: PMC9897204 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.058777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sinoatrial node (SAN) functions as the pacemaker of the heart, initiating rhythmic heartbeats. Despite its importance, the SAN is one of the most poorly understood cardiac entities because of its small size and complex composition and function. The Hippo signaling pathway is a molecular signaling pathway fundamental to heart development and regeneration. Although abnormalities of the Hippo pathway are associated with cardiac arrhythmias in human patients, the role of this pathway in the SAN is unknown. METHODS We investigated key regulators of the Hippo pathway in SAN pacemaker cells by conditionally inactivating the Hippo signaling kinases Lats1 and Lats2 using the tamoxifen-inducible, cardiac conduction system-specific Cre driver Hcn4CreERT2 with Lats1 and Lats2 conditional knockout alleles. In addition, the Hippo-signaling effectors Yap and Taz were conditionally inactivated in the SAN. To determine the function of Hippo signaling in the SAN and other cardiac conduction system components, we conducted a series of physiological and molecular experiments, including telemetry ECG recording, echocardiography, Masson Trichrome staining, calcium imaging, immunostaining, RNAscope, cleavage under targets and tagmentation sequencing using antibodies against Yap1 or H3K4me3, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. We also performed comprehensive bioinformatics analyses of various datasets. RESULTS We found that Lats1/2 inactivation caused severe sinus node dysfunction. Compared with the controls, Lats1/2 conditional knockout mutants exhibited dysregulated calcium handling and increased fibrosis in the SAN, indicating that Lats1/2 function through both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. It is notable that the Lats1/2 conditional knockout phenotype was rescued by genetic deletion of Yap and Taz in the cardiac conduction system. These rescued mice had normal sinus rhythm and reduced fibrosis of the SAN, indicating that Lats1/2 function through Yap and Taz. Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation sequencing data showed that Yap potentially regulates genes critical for calcium homeostasis such as Ryr2 and genes encoding paracrine factors important in intercellular communication and fibrosis induction such as Tgfb1 and Tgfb3. Consistent with this, Lats1/2 conditional knockout mutants had decreased Ryr2 expression and increased Tgfb1 and Tgfb3 expression compared with control mice. CONCLUSIONS We reveal, for the first time to our knowledge, that the canonical Hippo-Yap pathway plays a pivotal role in maintaining SAN homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
| | - Rich G Li
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (R.G.L., X.L.)
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.S., N.L.)
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
| | - Li Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., M.L., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Shannon Erhardt
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston (S.E., Jun Wang)
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
| | - Bao H Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics (B.H.N.)
| | - Xiao Li
- Texas Heart Institute, Houston (R.G.L., X.L.)
| | - Min Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., M.L., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (L.T., M.L., Jianxin Wang)
| | - Sylvia M Evans
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla (S.M.E.)
| | - Vincent M Christoffels
- Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands (V.M.C.)
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.S., N.L.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (M.Z., X.Z., S.E., W.C., Jun Wang)
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston (S.E., Jun Wang)
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Li J, Liu Y, Niu J, Jing C, Jiao N, Huang L, Jiang S, Yan L, Yang W, Li Y. Supplementation with paraformic acid in the diet improved intestinal development through modulating intestinal inflammation and microbiota in broiler chickens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:975056. [PMID: 36204610 PMCID: PMC9531753 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.975056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of supplementing paraformic acid (PFA) to the diet of broiler chickens on intestinal development, inflammation, and microbiota. A total of 378 healthy 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers with similar birth weight were used in this study, and randomly assigned into two treatment groups. The broiler chickens were received a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg PFA. Results showed that PFA supplementation increased (P < 0.05) small intestinal villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio, elevated intestinal mucosal factors (mucin 2, trefoil factor family, and zonula occludens-1) concentrations, and upregulated mNRA expression of y + L amino acid transporter 1. Moreover, PFA supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10), activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8, and mNRA expressions of Toll-like Receptor 4, nuclear factor-kappa B, Bax, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in small intestinal mucosa. Dietary PFA supplementation also increased (P < 0.05) alpha diversity of cecal microbiota and relative abundance of Alistipes. The present study demonstrated that supplementation of 1,000 mg/kg PFA showed beneficial effects in improving intestinal development, which might be attributed to the suppression of intestinal inflammation and change of gut microbiota composition in broiler chickens. These findings will aid in our knowledge of the mechanisms through which dietary PFA modulates gut development, as well as support the use of PFA in poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Qingdao Huaxin Feed Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Jiaxing Niu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Changwei Jing
- Technical Department, Shandong Chinwhiz Co., Ltd., Weifang, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Libo Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Shuzhen Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Weiren Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Weiren Yang,
| | - Yang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Yang Li,
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10
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Han Y, Zhang H, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Li H, Zhang Q, Niu Q. A study on cognitive impairment of mice exposed to nano-alumina particles by nasal drip. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127003. [PMID: 35660562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an emerging nanomaterial, nano-alumina is widely used in chemical engineering, food and medicine due to its special physical and chemical properties, and its potential health hazards have attracted attention. OBJECTIVE Aim of this study is to understanding the effect and possible mechanism of nano-alumina on cognitive function in mice. METHODS Male healthy ICR mice were randomly assigned and given nasal drops of saline, nano-alumina (different doses) and micro-alumina for 30 days, respectively. Morris water maze test, step down test and open field test were used to detect learning and memory ability. Blood brain permeability was observed by immunofluorescence staining and lanthanum nitrate tracing, histopathological abnormalities in mice hippocampus was observed by thionine staining, the final determination of oxidative stress level in brain tissue was measured by using oxidative stress index detection kit and the level of LC3-Ⅱ and Caspase-3, 8, 9 proteins were detected by western blot. RESULTS In the cerebral cortex of mice exposed to nano-alumina particles, lanthanum nitrate particles adhered to vascular endothelial cells, and the expression of ZO-1 and Occuldin decreased and morphology was disordered; most neurons in hippocampus CA3 region showed balloon-like swelling and degeneration, nucleoli disappeared and apical dendrites broke; mice exposed to nano-alumina, the escape latency in Morris water maze increased compared with the control group(P < 0.05),and the residence time in the original platform quadrant shortened significantly(P < 0.05);the platform latency was significantly shortened and the number of errors increased in the step down test compared with the control group; the residence time in the center of mice the nano-alumina treated was significantly increased in open field test (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The nano-alumina particles could be transported into the central nervous system via blood-brain barrier and olfactory bulb, impair learning and memory function in mice, which is more serious than the micro-alumina particles. The apoptosis of mice neurons caused by nano-alumina particles maybe due to the mixed neurotoxic effect of oxidative stress and the elemental toxicity of aluminum itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Han
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Cellular Physiology of Education Ministry, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Jingsi Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Qinli Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Cellular Physiology of Education Ministry, Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Environmental Hazard and Health of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Medical University, China; Key Lab of Cellular Physiology of Education Ministry, Shanxi Medical University, China.
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Altered Expression of Zonula occludens-1 Affects Cardiac Na + Channels and Increases Susceptibility to Ventricular Arrhythmias. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040665. [PMID: 35203314 PMCID: PMC8870063 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) is an intracellular scaffolding protein that orchestrates the anchoring of membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton in epithelial and specialized tissue including the heart. There is clear evidence to support the central role of intracellular auxiliary proteins in arrhythmogenesis and previous studies have found altered ZO-1 expression associated with atrioventricular conduction abnormalities. Here, using human cardiac tissues, we identified all three isoforms of ZO-1, canonical (Transcript Variant 1, TV1), CRA_e (Transcript Variant 4, TV4), and an additionally expressed (Transcript Variant 3, TV3) in non-failing myocardium. To investigate the role of ZO-1 on ventricular arrhythmogenesis, we generated a haploinsufficient ZO-1 mouse model (ZO-1+/-). ZO-1+/- mice exhibited dysregulated connexin-43 protein expression and localization at the intercalated disc. While ZO-1+/- mice did not display abnormal cardiac function at baseline, adrenergic challenge resulted in rhythm abnormalities, including premature ventricular contractions and bigeminy. At baseline, ventricular myocytes from the ZO-1+/- mice displayed prolonged action potential duration and spontaneous depolarizations, with ZO-1+/- cells displaying frequent unsolicited (non-paced) diastolic depolarizations leading to spontaneous activity with multiple early afterdepolarizations (EADs). Mechanistically, ZO-1 deficient myocytes displayed a reduction in sodium current density (INa) and an increased sensitivity to isoproterenol stimulation. Further, ZO-1 deficient myocytes displayed remodeling in ICa current, likely a compensatory change. Taken together, our data suggest that ZO-1 deficiency results in myocardial substrate susceptible to triggered arrhythmias.
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12
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Bang ML, Bogomolovas J, Chen J. Understanding the molecular basis of cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H181-H233. [PMID: 34797172 PMCID: PMC8759964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00562.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inherited cardiomyopathies are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and can be caused by mutations in a wide range of proteins located in different cellular compartments. The present review is based on Dr. Ju Chen's 2021 Robert M. Berne Distinguished Lectureship of the American Physiological Society Cardiovascular Section, in which he provided an overview of the current knowledge on the cardiomyopathy-associated proteins that have been studied in his laboratory. The review provides a general summary of the proteins in different compartments of cardiomyocytes associated with cardiomyopathies, with specific focus on the proteins that have been studied in Dr. Chen's laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise Bang
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan Unit, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ju Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Cardiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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13
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Chu Q, Xiao Y, Song X, Kang YJ. Extracellular matrix remodeling is associated with the survival of cardiomyocytes in the subendocardial region of the ischemic myocardium. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:2579-2588. [PMID: 34515546 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211042020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant amount of cardiomyocytes in subendocardial region survive from ischemic insults. In order to understand the mechanism by which these cardiomyocytes survive, the present study was undertaken to examine changes in these surviving cardiomyocytes and their extracellular matrix. Male C57BL/6 mice aged 8-12 weeks old were subjected to a permanent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation to induce ischemic injury. The hearts were collected at 1, 4, 7, or 28 days after the surgery and examined by histology. At day 1 after left anterior descending ligation, there was a significant loss of cardiomyocytes through apoptosis, but a proportion of cardiomyocytes were surviving in the subendocardial region. The surviving cardiomyocytes were gradually changed from rod-shaped to round-shaped, and appeared disconnected. Connexin 43, an important gap junction protein, was significantly decreased, and collagen I and III deposition was significantly increased in the extracellular matrix. Furthermore, lysyl oxidase, a copper-dependent amine oxidase catalyzing the cross-linking of collagens, was significantly increased in the extracellular matrix, paralleled with the surviving cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of lysyl oxidase activity reduced the number of surviving cardiomyocytes. Thus, the extracellular matrix remodeling is correlated with the deformation of cardiomyocytes, and the electrical disconnection between the surviving cardiomyocytes due to connexin 43 depletion and the increase in lysyl oxidase would help these deformed cardiomyocytes survive under ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Song
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Tennessee Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Benchside to the bedside of frailty and cardiovascular aging: Main shared cellular and molecular mechanisms. Exp Gerontol 2021; 148:111302. [PMID: 33675900 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Due to the impact that frailty and cardiac aging have on society and health systems, the mechanisms surrounding these conditions must be known. If the frailty and cardiovascular complications are due to numerous controllable factors or not, different strategies must be considered to improve the elderly patient's prognosis and improve their quality of life. This review aimed to investigate the main shared mechanisms of cardiac aging and frailty. MEDLINE-PubMed, Cohrane and EMBASE databases were searched to perform this review. The mesh-terms used for this search was frailty, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular aging, or heart failure (HF). Frailty frequently coexists with heart conditions since they share predisposing pathophysiological alterations, the aging process, and elevated comorbidity burden, contributing to fast functional decline and sarcopenia. Mitochondrial dysfunctions and decreased protein synthesis lead to protein degradation, denervation, atrophy, impairment in the fatty acid oxidation, resulting in cardiomyopathy. The homeostasis of muscle metabolism deteriorates with aging, leading to a reduction in muscle quality and quantity. The installation of a low-grade and chronic inflammatory process adds to an impairment in glucose, protein and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular conditions, sarcopenia, and HF. The exacerbated rise in inflammatory biomarkers and impaired insulin resistance leads to worsening of the patient's general condition. The good news is that frailty is a dynamic syndrome, fluctuating between different states of seriousness but still has potential for reversibility based on physical activity, cognitive training, nutrition intervention, and a plethora of other approaches that can be performed by a multi-disciplinary team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Farah Sheikh
- From the Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
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