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Liu X, Li MH, Zhao YY, Xie YL, Yu X, Chen YJ, Li P, Zhang WF, Zhu TT. LncRNA H19 deficiency protects against the structural damage of glomerular endothelium in diabetic nephropathy via Akt/eNOS pathway. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:401-410. [PMID: 35867533 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2102655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the functions of lncRNA H19 on glomerular endothelial structural damage of diabetic nephropathy (DN).Materials and Methods: Rats were fed a high sugar and fat high feed die, and intraperitoneally administrated with streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) to induce DN model. Meanwile, rat glomerular endothelial cells (rGEnCs) were treated with high a level of glucose (HG, 30 mM glucose)to induce structural damage.Results: Our results showed that H19 level was drastically increased in diabetic glomeruli and high-glucose (HG)-stimulated rat glomerular endothelial cells (rGEnCs). Deficiency of H19 ameliorated microalbumin, creatinine, BUN, and histopathological alterations in diabetic rats. In addition, H19 deficiency significantly attenuated the damage of endothelial structure by upregulating the expression of junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin, glycolcalyx protein Syndecan-1, and endothelial activation marker sVCAM-1 and sICAM-1 in diabetic rats. The in vitro results also showed that H19-siRNA alleviated glycocalyx shedding, tight junctions damage, and endothelial activation in HG-stimulated rGEnCs. Moreover, H19 deficiency significantly enhanced the expression of p-Akt and p-eNOS and NO concentration in vitro and in vivo. Pre-treatment with Akt inhibitor LY294002 abrogated these favourable effects mediated by H19 deficiency.Discussion and Conclusion: These results indicate that H19 deficiency could mitigate the structural damage of glomerular endothelium in DN via activating Akt/eNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yun-Yun Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu-Liang Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu-Jing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei-Fang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
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Meng X, Xie S, Liu J, Lv B, Huang X, Liu Q, Wang X, Malashicheva A, Liu J. Low dose cadmium inhibits syndecan-4 expression in glycocalyx of glomerular endothelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:908-918. [PMID: 38396353 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most polluting heavy metal in the environment. Cd exposure has been elucidated to cause dysfunction of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. C57BL/6J male mice were administered with 2.28 mg/kg cadmium chloride (CdCl2) dissolved in distilled water by oral gavage for 14 days. The expression of SDC4 in the kidney tissues was detected. Human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) were exposed to varying concentrations of CdCl2 for 24 h. The mRNA levels of SDC4, along with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and 9, were analyzed by quantitative PCR. Additionally, the protein expression levels of SDC4, MMP-2/9, and both total and phosphorylated forms of Smad2/3 (P-Smad2/3) were detected by western blot. The extravasation rate of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran through the Transwell was used to evaluate the permeability of HRGECs. SB431542 was used as an inhibitor of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway to further investigate the role of TGF-β. Cd reduced SDC4 expression in both mouse kidney tissues and HRGECs. In addition, Cd exposure increased permeability and upregulated P-Smad2/3 levels in HRGECs. SB431542 treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2/3, Cd-induced SDC4 downregulation, and hyperpermeability. MMP-2/9 levels increased by Cd exposure was also blocked by SB431542, demonstrating the involvement of TGF-β/Smad pathway in low-dose Cd-induced SDC4 reduction in HRGECs. Given that SDC4 is an essential component of glycocalyx, protection or repair of endothelial glycocalyx is a potential strategy for preventing or treating kidney diseases associated with environmental Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shuhui Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Bingxuan Lv
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Anna Malashicheva
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ju Liu
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
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3
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Lee B, Park Y, Lee Y, Kwon S, Shim J. Triptolide, a Cancer Cell Proliferation Inhibitor, Causes Zebrafish Muscle Defects by Regulating Notch and STAT3 Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4675. [PMID: 38731894 PMCID: PMC11083231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Triptolide is a natural compound in herbal remedies with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. We studied its effects on critical signaling processes within the cell, including Notch1 and STAT3 signaling. Our research showed that triptolide reduces cancer cell proliferation by decreasing the expression of downstream targets of these signals. The levels of each signal-related protein and mRNA were analyzed using Western blot and qPCR methods. Interestingly, inhibiting one signal with a single inhibitor alone did not significantly reduce cancer cell proliferation. Instead, MTT assays showed that the simultaneous inhibition of Notch1 and STAT3 signaling reduced cell proliferation. The effect of triptolide was similar to a combination treatment with inhibitors for both signals. When we conducted a study on the impact of triptolide on zebrafish larvae, we found that it inhibited muscle development and interfered with muscle cell proliferation, as evidenced by differences in the staining of myosin heavy chain and F-actin proteins in confocal fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, we noticed that inhibiting a single type of signaling did not lead to any significant muscle defects. This implies that triptolide obstructs multiple signals simultaneously, including Notch1 and STAT3, during muscle development. Chemotherapy is commonly used to treat cancer, but it may cause muscle loss due to drug-related adverse reactions or other complex mechanisms. Our study suggests that anticancer agents like triptolide, inhibiting essential signaling pathways including Notch1 and STAT3 signaling, may cause muscle atrophy through anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byongsun Lee
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.L.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Younggwang Lee
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Seyoung Kwon
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.L.); (S.K.)
| | - Jaekyung Shim
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (Y.P.); (Y.L.); (S.K.)
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Zhao N, Liu C, Tian X, Yang J, Wang T. Acute brain injury increases pulmonary capillary permeability via sympathetic activation-mediated high fluid shear stress and destruction of the endothelial glycocalyx layer. Exp Cell Res 2024; 434:113873. [PMID: 38092346 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
Neurogenic pulmonary edema secondary to acute brain injury (ABI) is a common and fatal disease condition. However, the pathophysiology of brain-lung interactions is incompletely understood. This study aims to investigate whether sympathetic activation-mediated high fluid shear stress after ABI would damage pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx thus leading to increased pulmonary capillary permeability. The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was detected in a rat model of controlled cortical impact (CCI) and CCI + transection of the cervical sympathetic trunk (TCST). Changes in pulmonary capillary permeability were assessed by analyzing the Evans blue, measuring the dry/wet weight ratio of the lungs and altering protein levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The parallel-plate flow chamber system was used to simulate the fluid shear stress in vitro. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the expression levels of hyaluronan-binding protein (CEMIP), syndecan-1 and tight junction proteins (TJPs, including claudin-5 and occludin). TCST could restrain cardiac overdrive and sympathetic activation in a rat model of CCI. Compared to the CCI group, the CCI + TCST group showed a reduction of CEMPI (which degrades hyaluronic acid), along with an increase of syndecan-1 and TJPs. CCI + TCST group presented decreasing pulmonary capillary permeability. In vitro, high shear stress (HSS) increased the expression of CEMIP and reduced syndecan-1 and TJPs, which was coordinated with the results in vivo. Our findings show that sympathetic activation-mediated high fluid shear stress after ABI would damage pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx thus leading to increased pulmonary capillary permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- Department of Pathogens, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tianen Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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5
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Dong Y, Ma G, Hou X, Han Y, Ding Z, Tang W, Chen L, Chen Y, Zhou B, Rao F, Lv K, Du C, Cao H. Kindlin-2 controls angiogenesis through modulating Notch1 signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:223. [PMID: 37480504 PMCID: PMC11072286 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Kindlin-2 is critical for development and homeostasis of key organs, including skeleton, liver, islet, etc., yet its role in modulating angiogenesis is unknown. Here, we report that sufficient KINDLIN-2 is extremely important for NOTCH-mediated physiological angiogenesis. The expression of KINDLIN-2 in HUVECs is significantly modulated by angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor A or tumor necrosis factor α. A strong co-localization of CD31 and Kindlin-2 in tissue sections is demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining. Endothelial-cell-specific Kindlin-2 deletion embryos die on E10.5 due to hemorrhage caused by the impaired physiological angiogenesis. Experiments in vitro show that vascular endothelial growth factor A-induced multiple functions of endothelial cells, including migration, matrix proteolysis, morphogenesis and sprouting, are all strengthened by KINDLIN-2 overexpression and severely impaired in the absence of KINDLIN-2. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that KINDLIN-2 inhibits the release of Notch intracellular domain through binding to and maintaining the integrity of NOTCH1. The impaired angiogenesis and avascular retinas caused by KINDLIN-2 deficiency can be rescued by DAPT, an inhibitor of γ-secretase which releases the intracellular domain from NOTCH1. Moreover, we demonstrate that high glucose stimulated hyperactive angiogenesis by increasing KINDLIN-2 expression could be prevented by KINDLIN-2 knockdown, indicating Kindlin-2 as a potential therapeutic target in treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Our study for the first time demonstrates the significance of Kindlin-2 in determining Notch-mediated angiogenesis during development and highlights Kindlin-2 as the potential therapeutic target in angiogenic diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaoting Hou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhen Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wanze Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Litong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yangshan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng Rao
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Kaosheng Lv
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Changzheng Du
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Sugiura R, Nakayama T, Nishino T, Sambe N, Radtke F, Yoshihara M, Takahashi S. Notch1 signaling is limited in healthy mature kidneys in vivo. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:54. [PMID: 37069662 PMCID: PMC10111784 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A Delta-Notch signaling component, Notch1, is involved in the normal development and multiple disorders of the kidney. Although the increase in Notch1 signaling is crucial to these pathogeneses, the basal signaling level in 'healthy' mature kidneys is still unclear. To address this question, we used an artificial Notch1 receptor fused with Gal4/UAS components in addition to the Cre/loxP system and fluorescent proteins in mice. This transgenic reporter mouse system enabled labeling of past and ongoing Notch1 signaling with tdsRed or Cre recombinase, respectively. RESULTS We confirmed that our transgenic reporter mouse system mimicked the previously reported Notch1 signaling pattern. Using this successful system, we infrequently observed cells with ongoing Notch1 signaling only in Bowman's capsule and tubules. We consider that Notch1 activation in several lines of disease model mice was pathologically significant itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sugiura
- College of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakayama
- College of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
| | - Teppei Nishino
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
- Department of Medical Education and Training, Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, 1-3-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8558 Japan
| | - Naoto Sambe
- College of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
| | - Freddy Radtke
- School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), SV 2534 (Bâtiment SV) Station 19, Lausanne, CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Masaharu Yoshihara
- PhD Program in Humanics, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1- 1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577 Japan
- Department of Primary Care and Medical Education, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575 Japan
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Hasan SS, Fischer A. Notch Signaling in the Vasculature: Angiogenesis and Angiocrine Functions. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2023; 13:cshperspect.a041166. [PMID: 35667708 PMCID: PMC9899647 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Formation of a functional blood vessel network is a complex process tightly controlled by pro- and antiangiogenic signals released within the local microenvironment or delivered through the bloodstream. Endothelial cells precisely integrate such temporal and spatial changes in extracellular signals and generate an orchestrated response by modulating signaling transduction, gene expression, and metabolism. A key regulator in vessel formation is Notch signaling, which controls endothelial cell specification, proliferation, migration, adhesion, and arteriovenous differentiation. This review summarizes the molecular biology of endothelial Notch signaling and how it controls angiogenesis and maintenance of the established, quiescent vasculature. In addition, recent progress in the understanding of Notch signaling in endothelial cells for controlling organ homeostasis by transcriptional regulation of angiocrine factors and its relevance to disease will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana S Hasan
- Division Vascular Signaling and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Division Vascular Signaling and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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Screening of Diabetic Nephropathy Progression-Related Genes Based on Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:221-237. [PMID: 35834115 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the progression-related genes of diabetic nephropathy (DN) through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The gene expression dataset GSE14202 was downloaded from the GEO database for differential expression analysis. WGCNA v1.69 was used to perform co-expression analysis on differentially expressed genes. 25 modular genes were selected through WGCNA. The motif enrichment analysis was performed on 25 genes, and 34 motifs were obtained, of which 8 transcription factors (TFs) were differentially expressed. GENIE3 was applied to analyze the expression correlation of 8 differentially expressed TFs and 25 genes. Combined with the predicted TF-target gene relationship, 69 interactions between 8 TFs and 18 genes were obtained. The functional enrichment analysis of 18 genes showed that 7 key genes were obviously enriched in adaptive immune response and were clearly up-regulated in advanced DN patients. The expression of C1S, LAIR1, CD84, SIT1, SASH3, and CD180 in glomerular samples from DN patients was significantly up-regulated in compared with normal samples, and the expression of these genes was negatively correlated with GFR. We observed that in the in vitro cell model of DN, the relative expression levels of 5 key genes (except SASH3) were obviously elevated in the high-glucose group. Five key genes were identified to be related to the progression of DN. The findings of this study may provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for exploring the pathogenesis of DN.
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Glycocalyx Acts as a Central Player in the Development of Tumor Microenvironment by Extracellular Vesicles for Angiogenesis and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215415. [PMID: 36358833 PMCID: PMC9655334 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The glycocalyx is a fluffy sugar coat covering the surface of all mammalian cells. While glycocalyx at endothelial cells is a barrier to tumor cell adhesion and transmigration, glycocalyx at tumor cells promotes tumor metastasis. Angiogenesis at primary tumors and the growth of tumor cells at metastatic sites are all affected by the tumor microenvironment, including the blood vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), and fibroblasts. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by the tumor cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells are also considered to be the components of the tumor microenvironment. They can modify tumor vasculature, ECM, and fibroblasts. But how the EVs are generated, secreted, and up taken by the endothelial and tumor cells in the development of the tumor microenvironment are unclear, especially after anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT). The objective of this short review is to summarize the role of the glycocalyx in EV biogenesis, secretion, and uptake, as well as the modulation of the glycocalyx by the EVs. Abstract Angiogenesis in tumor growth and progression involves a series of complex changes in the tumor microenvironment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment, which can be classified as exosomes, apoptotic vesicles, and matrix vesicles according to their origins and properties. The EVs that share many common biological properties are important factors for the microenvironmental modification and play a vital role in tumor growth and progression. For example, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) exosomes, which carry VEGF, participate in the tolerance of anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT). The glycocalyx is a mucopolysaccharide structure consisting of glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans. Both endothelial and tumor cells have glycocalyx at their surfaces. Glycocalyx at both cells mediates the secretion and uptake of EVs. On the other hand, many components carried by EVs can modify the glycocalyx, which finally facilitates the development of the tumor microenvironment. In this short review, we first summarize the role of EVs in the development of the tumor microenvironment. Then we review how the glycocalyx is associated with the tumor microenvironment and how it is modulated by the EVs, and finally, we review the role of the glycocalyx in the synthesis, release, and uptake of EVs that affect tumor microenvironments. This review aims to provide a basis for the mechanistic study of AAT and new clues to address the challenges in AAT tolerance, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.
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Yuan Q, Tang B, Zhang C. Signaling pathways of chronic kidney diseases, implications for therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:182. [PMID: 35680856 PMCID: PMC9184651 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Lipotoxicity and oxidative stress are the driving force for the loss of nephron including tubules, glomerulus, and endothelium. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, MAPK signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, and RAAS signaling involves in lipotoxicity. The upregulated Nox expression and the decreased Nrf2 expression result in oxidative stress directly. The injured renal resident cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines to recruit immune cells such as macrophages from bone marrow. NF-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and cGAS-STING signaling are major signaling pathways that mediate inflammation in inflammatory cells including immune cells and injured renal resident cells. The inflammatory cells produce and secret a great number of profibrotic cytokines such as TGF-β1, Wnt ligands, and angiotensin II. TGF-β signaling, Wnt signaling, RAAS signaling, and Notch signaling evoke the activation of myofibroblasts and promote the generation of ECM. The potential therapies targeted to these signaling pathways are also introduced here. In this review, we update the key signaling pathways of lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and myofibroblasts activation in kidneys with chronic injury, and the targeted drugs based on the latest studies. Unifying these pathways and the targeted therapies will be instrumental to advance further basic and clinical investigation in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ben Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Notch signaling pathway: architecture, disease, and therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:95. [PMID: 35332121 PMCID: PMC8948217 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 148.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The NOTCH gene was identified approximately 110 years ago. Classical studies have revealed that NOTCH signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway. NOTCH receptors undergo three cleavages and translocate into the nucleus to regulate the transcription of target genes. NOTCH signaling deeply participates in the development and homeostasis of multiple tissues and organs, the aberration of which results in cancerous and noncancerous diseases. However, recent studies indicate that the outcomes of NOTCH signaling are changeable and highly dependent on context. In terms of cancers, NOTCH signaling can both promote and inhibit tumor development in various types of cancer. The overall performance of NOTCH-targeted therapies in clinical trials has failed to meet expectations. Additionally, NOTCH mutation has been proposed as a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade therapy in many cancers. Collectively, the NOTCH pathway needs to be integrally assessed with new perspectives to inspire discoveries and applications. In this review, we focus on both classical and the latest findings related to NOTCH signaling to illustrate the history, architecture, regulatory mechanisms, contributions to physiological development, related diseases, and therapeutic applications of the NOTCH pathway. The contributions of NOTCH signaling to the tumor immune microenvironment and cancer immunotherapy are also highlighted. We hope this review will help not only beginners but also experts to systematically and thoroughly understand the NOTCH signaling pathway.
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Ballermann BJ, Nyström J, Haraldsson B. The Glomerular Endothelium Restricts Albumin Filtration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:766689. [PMID: 34912827 PMCID: PMC8667033 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.766689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory activation and/or dysfunction of the glomerular endothelium triggers proteinuria in many systemic and localized vascular disorders. Among them are the thrombotic microangiopathies, many forms of glomerulonephritis, and acute inflammatory episodes like sepsis and COVID-19 illness. Another example is the chronic endothelial dysfunction that develops in cardiovascular disease and in metabolic disorders like diabetes. While the glomerular endothelium is a porous sieve that filters prodigious amounts of water and small solutes, it also bars the bulk of albumin and large plasma proteins from passing into the glomerular filtrate. This endothelial barrier function is ascribed predominantly to the endothelial glycocalyx with its endothelial surface layer, that together form a relatively thick, mucinous coat composed of glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, glycolipids, sialomucins and other glycoproteins, as well as secreted and circulating proteins. The glycocalyx/endothelial surface layer not only covers the glomerular endothelium; it extends into the endothelial fenestrae. Some glycocalyx components span or are attached to the apical endothelial cell plasma membrane and form the formal glycocalyx. Other components, including small proteoglycans and circulating proteins like albumin and orosomucoid, form the endothelial surface layer and are bound to the glycocalyx due to weak intermolecular interactions. Indeed, bound plasma albumin is a major constituent of the endothelial surface layer and contributes to its barrier function. A role for glomerular endothelial cells in the barrier of the glomerular capillary wall to protein filtration has been demonstrated by many elegant studies. However, it can only be fully understood in the context of other components, including the glomerular basement membrane, the podocytes and reabsorption of proteins by tubule epithelial cells. Discovery of the precise mechanisms that lead to glycocalyx/endothelial surface layer disruption within glomerular capillaries will hopefully lead to pharmacological interventions that specifically target this important structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenny Nyström
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Börje Haraldsson
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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