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Xu X, Gong X, Zhang L, Zhang H, Sun Y. PRX1-positive mesenchymal stem cells drive molar morphogenesis. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:15. [PMID: 38369512 PMCID: PMC10874978 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian teeth, developing inseparable from epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, come in many shapes and the key factors governing tooth morphology deserve to be answered. By merging single-cell RNA sequencing analysis with lineage tracing models, we have unearthed a captivating correlation between the contrasting morphology of mouse molars and the specific presence of PRX1+ cells within M1. These PRX1+ cells assume a profound responsibility in shaping tooth morphology through a remarkable divergence in dental mesenchymal cell proliferation. Deeper into the mechanisms, we have discovered that Wnt5a, bestowed by mesenchymal PRX1+ cells, stimulates mesenchymal cell proliferation while orchestrating molar morphogenesis through WNT signaling pathway. The loss of Wnt5a exhibits a defect phenotype similar to that of siPrx1. Exogenous addition of WNT5A can successfully reverse the inhibited cell proliferation and consequent deviant appearance exhibited in Prx1-deficient tooth germs. These findings bestow compelling evidence of PRX1-positive mesenchymal cells to be potential target in regulating tooth morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiao Xu
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuyan Gong
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China.
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2
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He J, Gao Y, Yang C, Guo Y, Liu L, Lu S, He H. Navigating the landscape: Prospects and hurdles in targeting vascular smooth muscle cells for atherosclerosis diagnosis and therapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:261-281. [PMID: 38161032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have emerged as pivotal contributors throughout all phases of atherosclerotic plaque development, effectively dispelling prior underestimations of their prevalence and significance. Recent lineage tracing studies have unveiled the clonal nature and remarkable adaptability inherent to VSMCs, thereby illuminating their intricate and multifaceted roles in the context of atherosclerosis. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth exploration of the intricate mechanisms and distinctive characteristics that define VSMCs across various physiological processes, firmly underscoring their paramount importance in shaping the course of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, this review offers a thorough examination of the significant strides made over the past two decades in advancing imaging techniques and therapeutic strategies with a precise focus on targeting VSMCs within atherosclerotic plaques, notably spotlighting meticulously engineered nanoparticles as a promising avenue. We envision the potential of VSMC-targeted nanoparticles, thoughtfully loaded with medications or combination therapies, to effectively mitigate pro-atherogenic VSMC processes. These advancements are poised to contribute significantly to the pivotal objective of modulating VSMC phenotypes and enhancing plaque stability. Moreover, our paper also delves into recent breakthroughs in VSMC-targeted imaging technologies, showcasing their remarkable precision in locating microcalcifications, dynamically monitoring plaque fibrous cap integrity, and assessing the therapeutic efficacy of medical interventions. Lastly, we conscientiously explore the opportunities and challenges inherent in this innovative approach, providing a holistic perspective on the potential of VSMC-targeted strategies in the evolving landscape of atherosclerosis research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua He
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Skeyni A, Pradignac A, Matz RL, Terrand J, Boucher P. Cholesterol trafficking, lysosomal function, and atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C473-C486. [PMID: 38145298 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00415.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite years of study and major research advances over the past 50 years, atherosclerotic diseases continue to rank as the leading global cause of death. Accumulation of cholesterol within the vascular wall remains the main problem and represents one of the early steps in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. There is a complex relationship between vesicular cholesterol transport and atherosclerosis, and abnormalities in cholesterol trafficking can contribute to the development and progression of the lesions. The dysregulation of vesicular cholesterol transport and lysosomal function fosters the buildup of cholesterol within various intracytoplasmic compartments, including lysosomes and lipid droplets. This, in turn, promotes the hallmark formation of foam cells, a defining feature of early atherosclerosis. Multiple cellular processes, encompassing endocytosis, exocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and autophagy, play crucial roles in influencing foam cell formation and atherosclerotic plaque stability. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the understanding of the intricate mechanisms of vesicular cholesterol transport and its relationship with atherosclerosis and discuss the importance of understanding these mechanisms in developing strategies to prevent or treat this prevalent cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Skeyni
- UMR-S INSERM 1109, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Pradignac
- UMR-S INSERM 1109, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rachel L Matz
- UMR-S INSERM 1109, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jérôme Terrand
- UMR-S INSERM 1109, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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4
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Maity S, Sengupta S, Sen M. Therapeutic potential of rWnt5A in curbing Leishmania donovani infection. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0026723. [PMID: 37725061 PMCID: PMC10580910 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00267-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In view of the antagonism of Wnt5A signaling toward microbial pathogens, we were interested in evaluating the therapeutic potential of recombinant Wnt5A (rWnt5A) in curbing Leishmania donovani infection. Initially, using L. donovani-infected RAW 264.7 and peritoneal macrophages, we demonstrated that application of rWnt5A as opposed to the vehicle control to the infected cells significantly dampens L. donovani infection. Inhibition of infection was associated with increase in cell-associated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and blocked by the ROS production inhibitor diphenylene iodonium chloride (DPI). rWnt5A, but not the vehicle control (PBS: phosphate-buffered saline) administration to L. donovani-infected mice appreciably reduced the infection load, and inhibited disease progression as evident from the preservation of splenic white pulp architecture. rWnt5A administration, moreover, led to elevation of both cell-associated ROS and the activation of splenic T cells. Substantial increase in T cell-associated Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and Granzyme B (GRB) upon exposure of splenic lymphocytes harvested from rWnt5A-treated mice to L. donovani-infected RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro validated the occurrence of L. donovani-responsive T cell activation in vivo. In summary, this study unveils the therapeutic potential of rWnt5A in curbing L. donovani infection and the progression of experimental visceral leishmaniasis possibly through increase in cellular ROS and T cell activation. Accordingly, it opens up a new avenue of investigation into the use of rWnt5A as a therapeutic agent for restraining the progression of drug-resistant L. donovani infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Maity
- Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Malini Sen
- Division of Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Zhang G, Cui X, Qin Z, Wang Z, Lu Y, Xu Y, Xu S, Tang L, Zhang L, Liu G, Wang X, Zhang J, Tang J. Atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability quantification system for clinical and biological interpretability. iScience 2023; 26:107587. [PMID: 37664595 PMCID: PMC10470306 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction dominates coronary artery disease mortality. Identifying bio-signatures for plaque destabilization and rupture is important for preventing the transition from coronary stability to instability and the occurrence of thrombosis events. This computational systems biology study enrolled 2,235 samples from 22 independent bulks cohorts and 14 samples from two single-cell cohorts. A machine-learning integrative program containing nine learners was developed to generate a warning classifier linked to atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability signature (APVS). The classifier displays the reliable performance and robustness for distinguishing ST-elevation myocardial infarction from chronic coronary syndrome at presentation, and revealed higher accuracy to 33 pathogenic biomarkers. We also developed an APVS-based quantification system (APVSLevel) for comprehensively quantifying atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability, empowering early-warning capabilities, and accurate assessment of atherosclerosis severity. It unraveled the multidimensional dysregulated mechanisms at high resolution. This study provides a potential tool for macro-level differential diagnosis and evaluation of subtle genetic pathological changes in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yongzheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yanyan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Laiyi Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Gangqiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- Henan Province Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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6
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Xue S, Su Z, Liu D. Immunometabolism and immune response regulate macrophage function in atherosclerosis. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:101993. [PMID: 37379970 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are crucial in the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In the atherosclerotic lesions, macrophages play a central role in maintaining inflammatory response, promoting plaque development, and facilitating thrombosis. Increasing studies indicate that metabolic reprogramming and immune response mediate macrophage functional changes in all stages of atherosclerosis. In this review article, we explain how metabolic changes in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation, and cholesterol metabolism regulate macrophage function in atherosclerosis. We discuss how immune response to oxidized lipids regulate macrophage function in atherosclerosis. Additionally, we explore how abnormal metabolism leads to macrophage mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xue
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003 China.
| | - Zhe Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003 China
| | - Dacheng Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003 China
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Yang YT, Jiang XY, Xu HL, Chen G, Wang SL, Zhang HP, Hong L, Jin QQ, Yao H, Zhang WY, Zhu YT, Mei J, Tian L, Ying J, Hu JJ, Zhou SG. Autoimmune Disease-Related Hub Genes are Potential Biomarkers and Associated with Immune Microenvironment in Endometriosis. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:2897-2921. [PMID: 37457751 PMCID: PMC10348380 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s417430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endometriosis, a common gynecological condition, can cause symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, infertility, and abnormal bleeding, which can negatively affect a woman's quality of life. In the current study, the pathophysiological mechanisms of endometriosis are unknown, but this study suggests that endometriosis is associated with dysregulation of the autoimmune system. This study identify hub genes involved in the prevalence, identification and diagnostic value of endometriosis and autoimmune diseases, and explore the central genes and immune infiltrates, the diagnosis of endometriosis provides a new sight of thinking about diagnosis and treatment. Methods and Results The relevant datasets for endometriosis GSE141549, GSE7305 and autoimmune disease-related genes (AIDGs) were downloaded from online database. Using the "limma" package and WGCNA to screen out the autoimmune disease related genes and endometriosis related genes, the autoimmune disease gene-related differential genes (AID-DEGs) progressive GO, KEGG enrichment analysis, and then using the protein interaction network and Cytoscape software to select hub genes (CXCL12, PECAM1, NGF, CTGF, WNT5A), using the "pROC" package to analyze the hub genes for the diagnostic value of endometriosis. The difference in the importance of hub genes for the diagnosis of endometriosis was analyzed by machine learning random forest, and the combined diagnostic value of hub genes was analyzed by using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm. The eutopic (EU) and ectopic endometrium (EC) immune microenvironment of endometriosis was evaluated using CIBERSORT, the correlation of hub genes to the immune microenvironment was analyzed. Conclusion The hub genes associated with AIDGs are differentially expressed in EC and EU of endometriosis and possess important value for the diagnosis of endometriosis. The hub genes have a very important impact on the immune microenvironment of endometriosis, which is important for exploring the connection between endometriosis and autoimmune diseases and provides a new insight for the subsequent study of immunotherapy and diagnosis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ting Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-Ya Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Liang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen-Lin Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics Center, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - He-Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Hong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin-Qin Jin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Yu Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Ying
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jing Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Guang Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
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Qiu S, Cai Y, Yao H, Lin C, Xie Y, Tang S, Zhang A. Small molecule metabolites: discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:132. [PMID: 36941259 PMCID: PMC10026263 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities lead to the dysfunction of metabolic pathways and metabolite accumulation or deficiency which is well-recognized hallmarks of diseases. Metabolite signatures that have close proximity to subject's phenotypic informative dimension, are useful for predicting diagnosis and prognosis of diseases as well as monitoring treatments. The lack of early biomarkers could lead to poor diagnosis and serious outcomes. Therefore, noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring methods with high specificity and selectivity are desperately needed. Small molecule metabolites-based metabolomics has become a specialized tool for metabolic biomarker and pathway analysis, for revealing possible mechanisms of human various diseases and deciphering therapeutic potentials. It could help identify functional biomarkers related to phenotypic variation and delineate biochemical pathways changes as early indicators of pathological dysfunction and damage prior to disease development. Recently, scientists have established a large number of metabolic profiles to reveal the underlying mechanisms and metabolic networks for therapeutic target exploration in biomedicine. This review summarized the metabolic analysis on the potential value of small-molecule candidate metabolites as biomarkers with clinical events, which may lead to better diagnosis, prognosis, drug screening and treatment. We also discuss challenges that need to be addressed to fuel the next wave of breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hong Yao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chunsheng Lin
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yiqiang Xie
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Songqi Tang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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9
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Zhang H, Cao S, Xu Y, Sun X, Fei M, Jing Q, Xu X, Tang J, Niu B, Li C. Landscape of immune infiltration in entorhinal cortex of patients with Alzheimerʼs disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:941656. [PMID: 36249779 PMCID: PMC9557331 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.941656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and manifests as progressive memory loss and cognitive dysfunction. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease and anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the risk of the disease. However, the immune microenvironment in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease remains unclear, and the mechanisms by which anti-inflammatory drugs improve Alzheimer’s disease have not been clearly elucidated. This study aimed to provide an overview of the immune cell composition in the entorhinal cortex of patients with Alzheimer’s disease based on the transcriptomes and signature genes of different immune cells and to explore potential therapeutic targets based on the relevance of drug targets. Transcriptomics data from the entorhinal cortex tissue, derived from GSE118553, were used to support our study. We compared the immune-related differentially expressed genes (irDEGs) between patients and controls by using the limma R package. The difference in immune cell composition between patients and controls was detected via the xCell algorithm based on the marker genes in immune cells. The correlation between marker genes and immune cells and the interaction between genes and drug targets were evaluated to explore potential therapeutic target genes and drugs. There were 81 irDEGs between patients and controls that participated in several immune-related pathways. xCell analysis showed that most lymphocyte scores decreased in Alzheimer’s disease, including CD4+ Tc, CD4+ Te, Th1, natural killer (NK), natural killer T (NKT), pro-B cells, eosinophils, and regulatory T cells, except for Th2 cells. In contrast, most myeloid cell scores increased in patients, except in dendritic cells. They included basophils, mast cells, plasma cells, and macrophages. Correlation analysis suggested that 37 genes were associated with these cells involved in innate immunity, of which eight genes were drug targets. Taken together, these results delineate the profile of the immune components of the entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer’s diseases, providing a new perspective on the development and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Silu Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaru Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoru Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaomiao Fei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxuan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Niu, ; Cheng Li,
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Shanghai, China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Niu, ; Cheng Li,
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