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Seeler S, Arnarsson K, Dreßen M, Krane M, Doppler SA. Beyond the Heartbeat: Single-Cell Omics Redefining Cardiovascular Research. Curr Cardiol Rep 2024:10.1007/s11886-024-02117-3. [PMID: 39158785 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-024-02117-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to explore recent advances in single-cell omics techniques as applied to various regions of the human heart, illuminating cellular diversity, regulatory networks, and disease mechanisms. We examine the contributions of single-cell transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and spatial transcriptomics in unraveling the complexity of cardiac tissues. RECENT FINDINGS Recent strides in single-cell omics technologies have revolutionized our understanding of the heart's cellular composition, cell type heterogeneity, and molecular dynamics. These advancements have elucidated pathological conditions as well as the cellular landscape in heart development. We highlight emerging applications of integrated single-cell omics, particularly for cardiac regeneration, disease modeling, and precision medicine, and emphasize the transformative potential of these technologies to advance cardiovascular research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Seeler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Translational Cardiac Surgery (INSURE), Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristjan Arnarsson
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Translational Cardiac Surgery (INSURE), Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Dreßen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Translational Cardiac Surgery (INSURE), Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Krane
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Translational Cardiac Surgery (INSURE), Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stefanie A Doppler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Lazarettstr. 36, 80636, Munich, Germany.
- Institute for Translational Cardiac Surgery (INSURE), Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Lee H, Song H, Choi SY, Koh Y, Ryu G, Park HE, Yoon JW, Kim MJ, Chung S, Bae JH, Choi SH, Koo BK. Impact of clonal haematopoiesis on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease according to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in general population. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1162-1171. [PMID: 38349357 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), defined as a clonal expansion of age-related recurrent somatic mutations, has recently emerged as a novel cardiovascular risk factor. However, the precise role of CHIP in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Among 4300 asymptomatic Korean participants aged 40-79 years, we investigated the risk of ASCVD by CHIP and the interplay between CHIP and conventional risk factors in ASCVD development. Additionally, we assessed changes in coronary arteries based on the presence of CHIP using coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). CHIP was present in 363 participants (8.4%), and its prevalence increased with age. Commonly mutated genes were DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1, in order. During the follow-up (median 4.7 years), 18 ASCVD cases (5.0%) were observed in CHIP carriers vs. 62 (1.6%) in non-carriers (P < 0.001), indicating an elevated risk of ASCVD associated with CHIP [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45-4.29; P < 0.001]. Notably, with high levels of LDL cholesterol, CHIP enhanced the risk of ASCVD (adjusted HR 6.20; 95% CI 3.14-12.23; P < 0.001), demonstrating synergism between CHIP and LDL cholesterol levels (S-index 4.94; 95% CI 1.08-22.53; P = 0.039). Serial CCTAs confirmed that CHIP, in conjunction with high LDL cholesterol levels, had a significant early impact on coronary arteries, revealing new measurable coronary atherosclerosis, mainly with unstable plaque, in proximal lesions. CONCLUSION The presence of CHIP was significantly associated with the risk of ASCVD, promoting the early stage of atherosclerosis through synergy with high LDL cholesterol in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heesun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, 39th fl. Gangnam Finance Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Song
- Genome Opinion Incorporation, 17 Achasan-ro, Sungdong-gu, Seoul 04799, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, 39th fl. Gangnam Finance Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngil Koh
- Genome Opinion Incorporation, 17 Achasan-ro, Sungdong-gu, Seoul 04799, Republic of Korea
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gangpyo Ryu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Eun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, 39th fl. Gangnam Finance Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, 39th fl. Gangnam Finance Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Joo Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Soie Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, 39th fl. Gangnam Finance Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, 39th fl. Gangnam Finance Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, 39th fl. Gangnam Finance Center, 152 Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06236, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Kwon Koo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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Waldron C, Zafar MA, Ma D, Zhang H, Dykas D, Ziganshin BA, Popa A, Jha A, Kwan JM, Elefteriades JA. Somatic Variants Acquired Later in Life Associated with Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: JAK2 V617F. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:883. [PMID: 39062663 PMCID: PMC11276600 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The JAK2 V617F somatic variant is a well-known driver of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) associated with an increased risk for athero-thrombotic cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have demonstrated its role in the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). However, limited clinical information and level of JAK2 V617F burden have been provided for a comprehensive evaluation of potential confounders. A retrospective genotype-first study was conducted to identify carriers of the JAK2 V617F variant from an internal exome sequencing database in Yale DNA Diagnostics Lab. Additionally, the overall incidence of somatic variants in the JAK2 gene across various tissue types in the healthy population was carried out based on reanalysis of SomaMutDB and data from the UK Biobank (UKBB) cohort to compare our dataset to the population prevalence of the variant. In our database of 12,439 exomes, 594 (4.8%) were found to have a thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), and 12 (0.049%) were found to have a JAK2 V617F variant. Among the 12 JAK2 V617F variant carriers, five had a TAA (42%), among whom four had an ascending TAA and one had a descending TAA, with a variant allele fraction ranging from 11.2% to 20%. Among these five patients, 60% were female, and average age at diagnosis was 70 (49-79). The mean ascending aneurysm size was 5.05 cm (range 4.6-5.5 cm), and four patients had undergone surgical aortic replacement or repair. UKBB data revealed a positive correlation between the JAK2 V617F somatic variant and aortic valve disease (effect size 0.0086, p = 0.85) and TAA (effect size = 0.004, p = 0.92), although not statistically significant. An unexpectedly high prevalence of TAA in our dataset (5/594, 0.84%) is greater than the prevalence reported before for the general population, supporting its association with TAA. JAK2 V617F may contribute a meaningful proportion of otherwise unexplained aneurysm patients. Additionally, it may imply a potential JAK2-specific disease mechanism in the developmental of TAA, which suggests a possible target of therapy that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Waldron
- Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.W.); (M.A.Z.); (B.A.Z.)
| | - Mohammad A. Zafar
- Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.W.); (M.A.Z.); (B.A.Z.)
| | - Deqiong Ma
- DNA Diagnostics Lab, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.M.); (H.Z.); (D.D.)
| | - Hui Zhang
- DNA Diagnostics Lab, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.M.); (H.Z.); (D.D.)
| | - Daniel Dykas
- DNA Diagnostics Lab, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (D.M.); (H.Z.); (D.D.)
| | - Bulat A. Ziganshin
- Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.W.); (M.A.Z.); (B.A.Z.)
| | - Andreea Popa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Alokkumar Jha
- Centre for Neurogenetics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA;
| | - Jennifer M. Kwan
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - John A. Elefteriades
- Aortic Institute at Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (C.W.); (M.A.Z.); (B.A.Z.)
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Parsons BL, Beal MA, Dearfield KL, Douglas GR, Gi M, Gollapudi BB, Heflich RH, Horibata K, Kenyon M, Long AS, Lovell DP, Lynch AM, Myers MB, Pfuhler S, Vespa A, Zeller A, Johnson GE, White PA. Severity of effect considerations regarding the use of mutation as a toxicological endpoint for risk assessment: A report from the 8th International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing (IWGT). ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2024. [PMID: 38828778 DOI: 10.1002/em.22599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Exposure levels without appreciable human health risk may be determined by dividing a point of departure on a dose-response curve (e.g., benchmark dose) by a composite adjustment factor (AF). An "effect severity" AF (ESAF) is employed in some regulatory contexts. An ESAF of 10 may be incorporated in the derivation of a health-based guidance value (HBGV) when a "severe" toxicological endpoint, such as teratogenicity, irreversible reproductive effects, neurotoxicity, or cancer was observed in the reference study. Although mutation data have been used historically for hazard identification, this endpoint is suitable for quantitative dose-response modeling and risk assessment. As part of the 8th International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing, a sub-group of the Quantitative Analysis Work Group (WG) explored how the concept of effect severity could be applied to mutation. To approach this question, the WG reviewed the prevailing regulatory guidance on how an ESAF is incorporated into risk assessments, evaluated current knowledge of associations between germline or somatic mutation and severe disease risk, and mined available data on the fraction of human germline mutations expected to cause severe disease. Based on this review and given that mutations are irreversible and some cause severe human disease, in regulatory settings where an ESAF is used, a majority of the WG recommends applying an ESAF value between 2 and 10 when deriving a HBGV from mutation data. This recommendation may need to be revisited in the future if direct measurement of disease-causing mutations by error-corrected next generation sequencing clarifies selection of ESAF values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Parsons
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Marc A Beal
- Bureau of Chemical Safety, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kerry L Dearfield
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA
| | - George R Douglas
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Min Gi
- Department of Environmental Risk Assessment, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Robert H Heflich
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Michelle Kenyon
- Portfolio and Regulatory Strategy, Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alexandra S Long
- Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David P Lovell
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's Medical School, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Meagan B Myers
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Alisa Vespa
- Pharmaceutical Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andreas Zeller
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, pRED Innovation Center Basel, Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - George E Johnson
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Paul A White
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Gutierrez J, Bos D, Turan TN, Hoh B, Hilal S, Arenillas JF, Schneider JA, Chimowitz I M, Morgello S. Pathology-based brain arterial disease phenotypes and their radiographic correlates. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107642. [PMID: 38395095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain arterial diseases, including atherosclerosis, vasculitis, and dissections, are major contributors to cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. These diseases not only increase the risk of stroke but also play a significant role in neurodegeneration and dementia. Clear and unambiguous terminology and classification of brain arterial disease phenotypes is crucial for research and clinical practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS This review aims to summarize and harmonize the terminology used for brain large and small arterial phenotypes based on pathology studies and relate them to imaging phenotypes used in medical research and clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS AND RESULTS Arteriosclerosis refers to hardening of the arteries but does not specify the underlying etiology. Specific terms such as atherosclerosis, calcification, or non-atherosclerotic fibroplasia are preferred. Atherosclerosis is defined pathologically by an atheroma. Other brain arterial pathologies occur and should be distinguished from atherosclerosis given therapeutic implications. On brain imaging, intracranial arterial luminal stenosis is usually attributed to atherosclerosis in the presence of atherosclerotic risk factors but advanced high-resolution arterial wall imaging has the potential to more accurately identify the underlying pathology. Regarding small vessel disease, arteriosclerosis is ambiguous and arteriolosclerosis is often used to denote the involvement of arterioles rather than arteries. Lipohyalinosis is sometimes used synonymously with arteriolosclerosis, but less accurately describes this common small vessel thickening which uncommonly shows lipid. Specific measures of small vessel wall thickness, the relationship to the lumen as well as changes in the layer composition might convey objective, measurable data regarding the status of brain small vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Gutierrez
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 710 W 168th Street, 6th floor, Suite 639, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Daniel Bos
- Department of Epidemiology, ErasmusMC, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, Room NA-2710,Postbus 2040, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine and Epidemiology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Tanya N Turan
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Brian Hoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL, United States
| | - Saima Hilal
- Memory Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Juan F Arenillas
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid; Department of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Departments of Pathology and Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Marc Chimowitz I
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Susan Morgello
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience, and Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Lim J, Hubbard AK, Blechter B, Shi J, Zhou W, Loftfield E, Machiela MJ, Wong JYY. Associations between mosaic loss of sex chromosomes and incident hospitalization for atrial fibrillation in the United Kingdom. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.29.24308171. [PMID: 38903105 PMCID: PMC11188119 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.29.24308171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) in leukocytes of men reflects genomic instability from aging, smoking, and environmental exposures. A similar mosaic loss of chromosome X (mLOX) occurs among women. However, the associations between mLOY, mLOX, and risk of incident heart diseases are unclear. Methods We estimated associations between mLOY, mLOX, and risk of incident heart diseases requiring hospitalization, including atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. We analyzed 190,613 men and 224,853 women with genotyping data from the UK Biobank. Among these participants, we analyzed 37,037 men with mLOY and 13,978 women with mLOX detected using Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations caller. Multivariable Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of each incident heart disease in relation to mLOY in men and mLOX in women. Additionally, Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to estimate causal associations. Results Among men, detectable mLOY was associated with elevated risk of atrial fibrillation (HR=1.06, 95%CI:1.03-1.11). The associations were apparent in both never-smokers (HR=1.07, 95%:1.01-1.14) and ever-smokers (HR=1.05, 95%CI:1.01-1.11) as well as men > and ≤60 years of age. MR analyses supported causal associations between mLOY and atrial fibrillation (HRMR-PRESSO=1.15, 95%CI:1.13-1.18). Among post-menopausal women, we found a suggestive inverse association between detectable mLOX and atrial fibrillation risk (HR=0.90, 95%CI:0.83-0.98). However, associations with mLOY and mLOX were not found for other heart diseases. Conclusions Our findings suggest that mLOY and mLOX reflect sex-specific biological processes or exposure profiles related to incident atrial fibrillation requiring hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Lim
- Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aubrey K Hubbard
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Batel Blechter
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Weiyin Zhou
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mitchell J Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jason Y Y Wong
- Epidemiology and Community Health Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Mao S, Song C, Huang H, Nie Y, Ding K, Cui J, Tian J, Tang H. Role of transcriptional cofactors in cardiovascular diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 706:149757. [PMID: 38490050 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a main cause of mortality in the world and the highest incidence of all diseases. However, the mechanism of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is still unclear, and we need to continue to explore its mechanism of action. The occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease is significantly associated with genetic abnormalities, and gene expression is affected by transcriptional regulation. In this complex process, the protein-protein interaction promotes the RNA polymerase II to the initiation site. And in this process of transcriptional regulation, transcriptional cofactors are responsible for passing cues from enhancers to promoters and promoting the binding of RNA polymerases to promoters, so transcription cofactors playing a key role in gene expression regulation. There is growing evidence that transcriptional cofactors play a critical role in cardiovascular disease. Transcriptional cofactors can promote or inhibit transcription by affecting the function of transcription factors. It can affect the initiation and elongation process of transcription by forming complexes with transcription factors, which are important for the stabilization of DNA rings. It can also act as a protein that interacts with other proteins to affect the expression of other genes. Therefore, the aim of this overview is to summarize the effect of some transcriptional cofactors such as BRD4, EP300, MED1, EZH2, YAP, SIRT6 in cardiovascular disease and to provide a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Mao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Chao Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Lab of Big Data and Imaging Artificial Intelligence, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yali Nie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Kai Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jian Cui
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jinwei Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Huifang Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics and Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Clinical Research Center for Myocardial Injury in Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Zhao K, Shen X, Liu H, Lin Z, Li J, Chen S, Liu F, Huang K, Cao J, Liu X, Shen C, Yu L, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Li Y, Hu D, Huang J, Lu X, Gu D. Somatic and Germline Variants and Coronary Heart Disease in a Chinese Population. JAMA Cardiol 2024; 9:233-242. [PMID: 38198131 PMCID: PMC10782380 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2023.5095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Importance The genetic basis of coronary heart disease (CHD) has expanded from a germline to somatic genome, including clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). How CHIP confers CHD risk in East Asian individuals, especially those with small clones (variant allele fraction [VAF] 0.5%-2%) and different genetic backgrounds, was completely unknown. Objective To investigate the CHIP profile in a general Chinese cohort by deep sequencing and further explore the association between CHIP and incident CHD considering germline predisposition. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study used data from 3 prospective cohorts in the project Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China. Participants without cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline were enrolled in 2001 and 2008 and had a median follow-up of 12.17 years extending into 2021. Exposures CHIP mutations were detected by targeted sequencing (mean depth, 916×). A predefined CHD polygenic risk score (PRS) comprising 531 variants was used to evaluate germline predisposition. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcome was first incident CHD. Results Among 6181 participants, the median (IQR) age was 53.83 years (45.35-62.39 years); 3082 participants (49.9%) were female, and 3099 (50.1%) were male. A total of 1100 individuals (17.80%) harbored 1372 CHIP mutations at baseline. CHIP was independently associated with incident CHD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.42; 95% CI, 1.18-1.72; P = 2.82 × 10-4) and presented a risk gradient with increasing VAF (P = 3.98 × 10-3 for trend). Notably, individuals with small clones, nearly half of CHIP carriers, also demonstrated a higher CHD risk compared with non-CHIP carriers (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.02-1.74; P = .03) and were 4 years younger than those with VAF of 2% or greater (median age, 58.52 vs 62.70 years). Heightened CHD risk was not observed among CHIP carriers with low PRS (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.64-1.64; P = .92), while high PRS and CHIP jointly contributed a 2.23-fold increase in risk (95% CI, 1.51-3.29; P = 6.29 × 10-5) compared with non-CHIP carriers with low PRS. Interestingly, the diversity in CHIP-related CHD risk within each PRS group was substantially diminished when removing variants in the inflammatory pathway from the PRS. Conclusions This study revealed that elevated CHD risk attributed to CHIP was nonnegligible even for small clones. Inflammation genes involved in CHD could aggravate or abrogate CHIP-related CHD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuxiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhennan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Keyong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology & Department of Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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9
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Anaraki KT, Zahed Z, Javid RN, Shafiei S, Beiranvandi F, Kahrizsangi NG, Golafshan F, Arzhangzade A, Kojuri J, Almassian S, Hadi R, Gholizadeh P, Kazeminava F. Immune response following transcatheter aortic valve procedure. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 154:107283. [PMID: 38340884 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Aortic valve stenosis is the most common type of heart valve disease in the United States and Europe and calcific aortic stenosis (AS) affects 2-7% of people aged 65 years and older. Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is the only effective treatment for individuals with this condition. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) has been widely accepted as a minimally invasive therapeutic approach for addressing symptomatic AS in patients who are considered to have a high risk for traditional surgical intervention. TAVR procedure may have a paradoxical effect on the immune system and inflammatory status. A major portion of these immune responses is regulated by activating or inhibiting inflammatory monocytes and the complement system with subsequent changes in inflammatory cytokines. TAVR has the potential to induce various concurrent exposures, including disruption of the native valve, hemodynamic changes, antigenicity of the bioprosthesis, and vascular damage, which finally lead to the development of inflammation. On the other hand, it is important to acknowledge that TAVR may also have anti-inflammatory effects by helping in the resolution of stenosis.The inflammation and immune response following TAVR are complex processes that significantly impact procedural outcomes and patient well-being. Understanding the underlying mechanisms, identifying biomarkers of inflammation, and exploring therapeutic interventions to modulate these responses are crucial for optimizing TAVR outcomes. Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise immunological dynamics and develop tailored strategies to attenuate inflammation and enhance post-TAVR healing while minimizing complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Talebi Anaraki
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Zahed
- Department of Medical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Sasan Shafiei
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Beiranvandi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Faraz Golafshan
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Arzhangzade
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Javad Kojuri
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samin Almassian
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raha Hadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Pourya Gholizadeh
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Fahimeh Kazeminava
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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10
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Vinciguerra M, Dobrev D, Nattel S. Atrial fibrillation: pathophysiology, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2024; 37:100785. [PMID: 38362554 PMCID: PMC10866930 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia affecting up to 1% of the general population. Its prevalence dramatically increases with age and could reach up to ∼10% in the elderly. The management of AF is a complex issue that is object of extensive ongoing basic and clinical research, it depends on its genetic and epigenetic causes, and it varies considerably geographically and also according to the ethnicity. Mechanistically, over the last decade, Genome Wide Association Studies have uncovered over 100 genetic loci associated with AF, and have shown that European ancestry is associated with elevated risk of AF. These AF-associated loci revolve around different types of disturbances, including inflammation, electrical abnormalities, and structural remodeling. Moreover, the discovery of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, involving non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation and histone modification, has allowed unravelling what modifications reshape the processes leading to arrhythmias. Our review provides a current state of the field regarding the identification and functional characterization of AF-related genetic and epigenetic regulatory networks, including ethnic differences. We discuss clear and emerging connections between genetic regulation and pathophysiological mechanisms of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Translational Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Shumliakivska M, Luxán G, Hemmerling I, Scheller M, Li X, Müller-Tidow C, Schuhmacher B, Sun Z, Dendorfer A, Debes A, Glaser SF, Muhly-Reinholz M, Kirschbaum K, Hoffmann J, Nagel E, Puntmann VO, Cremer S, Leuschner F, Abplanalp WT, John D, Zeiher AM, Dimmeler S. DNMT3A clonal hematopoiesis-driver mutations induce cardiac fibrosis by paracrine activation of fibroblasts. Nat Commun 2024; 15:606. [PMID: 38242884 PMCID: PMC10799021 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic mutations in epigenetic regulators like DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A), play a pivotal role in driving clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), and are associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients suffering from heart failure (HF). However, the precise interactions between CHIP-mutated cells and other cardiac cell types remain unknown. Here, we identify fibroblasts as potential partners in interactions with CHIP-mutated monocytes. We used combined transcriptomic data derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HF patients, both with and without CHIP, and cardiac tissue. We demonstrate that inactivation of DNMT3A in macrophages intensifies interactions with cardiac fibroblasts and increases cardiac fibrosis. DNMT3A inactivation amplifies the release of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor, thereby facilitating activation of cardiac fibroblasts. These findings identify a potential pathway of DNMT3A CHIP-driver mutations to the initiation and progression of HF and may also provide a compelling basis for the development of innovative anti-fibrotic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Shumliakivska
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Guillermo Luxán
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Inga Hemmerling
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Scheller
- Department of Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bianca Schuhmacher
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zhengwu Sun
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 68, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Andreas Dendorfer
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 68, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Alisa Debes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Simone-Franziska Glaser
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marion Muhly-Reinholz
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klara Kirschbaum
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jedrzej Hoffmann
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eike Nagel
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Valentina O Puntmann
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cremer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wesley Tyler Abplanalp
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David John
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine/Main, 60439, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
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12
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Wang H, Zhao L, Yang L, Ge M, Yang X, Gao Z, Cun Y, Xiao F, Kong Q. Scrutiny of genome-wide somatic mutation profiles in centenarians identifies the key genomic regions for human longevity. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13916. [PMID: 37400997 PMCID: PMC10776117 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations accumulate with age and are associated closely with human health, their characterization in longevity cohorts remains largely unknown. Here, by analyzing whole genome somatic mutation profiles in 73 centenarians and 51 younger controls in China, we found that centenarian genomes are characterized by a markedly skewed distribution of somatic mutations, with many genomic regions being specifically conserved but displaying a high function potential. This, together with the observed more efficient DNA repair ability in the long-lived individuals, supports the existence of key genomic regions for human survival during aging, with their integrity being of essential to human longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Kunming College of Life ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Li‐Qin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Ming‐Xia Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Kunming College of Life ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Xing‐Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Kunming College of Life ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Zong‐Liang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- Kunming College of Life ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Yu‐Peng Cun
- Pediatric Research Institute/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Fu‐Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Qing‐Peng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesKunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and GeneticsChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina
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13
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Sciatti E, D'Elia E, Gori M, Grosu A, Balestrieri G, Senni M, Barbui T, Gavazzi A. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential: implications for the cardiologists. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2024; 25:1-12. [PMID: 38051659 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms, including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myelofibrosis, are characterized by somatic gene mutations in bone marrow stem cells, which trigger an inflammatory response influencing the development of associated cardiovascular complications. In recent years, the same mutations were found in individuals with cardiovascular diseases even in the absence of hematological alterations. These genetic events allow the identification of a new entity called 'clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential' (CHIP), as it was uncertain whether it could evolve toward hematological malignancies. CHIP is age-related and, remarkably, myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure were frequently reported in these individuals and attributed to systemic chronic inflammation driven by the genetic mutation. We reviewed the connection between clonal hematopoiesis, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases, with a practical approach to improve clinical practice and highlight the current unmet needs in this area of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mauro Gori
- Cardiology Unit 1, ASST-Papa Giovanni XXIII
| | | | | | | | - Tiziano Barbui
- FROM Research Foundation E.T.S., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Antonello Gavazzi
- FROM Research Foundation E.T.S., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
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14
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Cacic AM, Schulz FI, Germing U, Dietrich S, Gattermann N. Molecular and clinical aspects relevant for counseling individuals with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1303785. [PMID: 38162500 PMCID: PMC10754976 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1303785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has fascinated the medical community for some time. Discovered about a decade ago, this phenomenon links age-related alterations in hematopoiesis not only to the later development of hematological malignancies but also to an increased risk of early-onset cardiovascular disease and some other disorders. CHIP is detected in the blood and is characterized by clonally expanded somatic mutations in cancer-associated genes, predisposing to the development of hematologic neoplasms such as MDS and AML. CHIP-associated mutations often involve DNA damage repair genes and are frequently observed following prior cytotoxic cancer therapy. Genetic predisposition seems to be a contributing factor. It came as a surprise that CHIP significantly elevates the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, and also contributes to heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Meanwhile, evidence of mutant clonal macrophages in vessel walls and organ parenchyma helps to explain the pathophysiology. Besides aging, there are some risk factors promoting the appearance of CHIP, such as smoking, chronic inflammation, chronic sleep deprivation, and high birth weight. This article describes fundamental aspects of CHIP and explains its association with hematologic malignancies, cardiovascular disorders, and other medical conditions, while also exploring potential progress in the clinical management of affected individuals. While it is important to diagnose conditions that can lead to adverse, but potentially preventable, effects, it is equally important not to stress patients by confronting them with disconcerting findings that cannot be remedied. Individuals with diagnosed or suspected CHIP should receive counseling in a specialized outpatient clinic, where professionals from relevant medical specialties may help them to avoid the development of CHIP-related health problems. Unfortunately, useful treatments and clinical guidelines for managing CHIP are still largely lacking. However, there are some promising approaches regarding the management of cardiovascular disease risk. In the future, strategies aimed at restoration of gene function or inhibition of inflammatory mediators may become an option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Cacic
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Felicitas Isabel Schulz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sascha Dietrich
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Norbert Gattermann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Sopic M, Vilne B, Gerdts E, Trindade F, Uchida S, Khatib S, Wettinger SB, Devaux Y, Magni P. Multiomics tools for improved atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease management. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:983-995. [PMID: 37806854 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiomics studies offer accurate preventive and therapeutic strategies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) beyond traditional risk factors. By using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) approaches, it is possible to integrate multiple 'omics and clinical data sets into tools that can be utilized for the development of personalized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. However, currently multiple challenges in data quality, integration, and privacy still need to be addressed. In this opinion, we emphasize that joined efforts, exemplified by the AtheroNET COST Action, have a pivotal role in overcoming the challenges to advance multiomics approaches in ASCVD research, with the aim to foster more precise and effective patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miron Sopic
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, 1A-B rue Edison, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Baiba Vilne
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Rīga Stradiņš University, Rīga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Eva Gerdts
- Center for Research on Cardiac Disease in Women, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5020, Norway
| | - Fábio Trindade
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, 4099-002, Portugal
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Center for RNA Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, SV, DK-2450, Denmark
| | - Soliman Khatib
- Natural Compounds and Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shemona, 11016, Israel; Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 12210, Israel
| | - Stephanie Bezzina Wettinger
- Department of Applied Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, 2080, Malta
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, 1A-B rue Edison, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Paolo Magni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Milanese 300, 20099 Sesto S. Giovanni, Milan, Italy.
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16
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Lassalle F, Duployez N, Vincent F, Rauch A, Denimal T, Rosa M, Labreuche J, Dombrowicz D, Staels B, Preudhomme C, Susen S, Van Belle E, Dupont A. Negative Impact of TET2 Mutations on Long-Term Survival After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1424-1435. [PMID: 38093739 PMCID: PMC10714177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is considered as being a novel age-related risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. By capture-sequencing of a 67-gene panel, we established a large spectrum of CHIP in 258 patients with aortic valve stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and assessed their association with long-term survival after TAVR. One or several CHIP variants in 35 genes were identified in 68% of the cohort, DNMT3A and TET2 being the 2 most frequently mutated genes. Patients carrying a TET2-CHIP-driver variant with low variant allele frequency (2%-10%) had a significant decrease in overall survival 5 years after TAVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Lassalle
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Duployez
- Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche contre le Cancer de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - Flavien Vincent
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Rauch
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Tom Denimal
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Mickael Rosa
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Julien Labreuche
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Dombrowicz
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9020–UMR-S 1277–Canther–Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Institut de Recherche contre le Cancer de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Susen
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Eric Van Belle
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Annabelle Dupont
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, Lille, France
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17
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Salybekov AA, Hassanpour M. Unveiling the Genetic Footprint: Exploring Somatic Mutations in Peripheral Arterial Disease Progression. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2288. [PMID: 37626784 PMCID: PMC10452092 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial diseases (PADs) are complex cardiovascular conditions influenced by environmental factors and somatic mutations in multiple genes involved in hematopoiesis and inflammation. While traditional risk factors, such as smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension, have been extensively studied, the role of somatic mutations in PAD progression remains underexplored. The present article intends to provide a comprehensive commentary of the molecular mechanisms, genetic landscape, prognostic significance, and clinical implications of somatic mutations in PADs. The expansion of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) clones in the circulating blood, named clonal hematopoiesis (CH), leads to the infiltration of these clones into atherosclerotic plaques and the production of inflammatory cytokines, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including PADs. Furthermore, recent experimental evidence has demonstrated the involvement of somatically mutated TP53 genes with a high variant allele frequency (VAF) in PAD development and prognosis. This review delves into the relationship between CH and PADs, elucidating the prevalence, impact, and underlying mechanisms of this association. This understanding paves the way for novel therapeutic approaches targeting CHIP to promote tissue regeneration and improve outcomes in PAD patients. It emphasizes the need for further research to fully unravel the genetic footprint of the disease and highlights potential clinical implications. The findings presented in this article lay the foundation for personalized medicine approaches and open avenues for the development of targeted therapies based on somatic mutation profiling.
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18
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Zhou W, He MM, Wang F, Xu RH, Wang F, Zhao Q. Latent class analysis-derived classification improves the cancer-specific death stratification of molecular subtyping in colorectal cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:60. [PMID: 37353681 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer (CRC) represent a comprehensive dissection of CRC heterogeneity. However, molecular feature-based classification systems have limitations in accurately prognosticating stratification due to the inability to distinguish cancer-specific deaths. This study aims to establish a classification system that bridges clinical characteristics, cause-specific deaths, and molecular features. We adopted latent class analysis (LCA) on 491,107 first primary CRC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to reveal hidden profiles of CRC. The LCA-derived classification scheme was further applied to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to assess its effectiveness in improving the accurate stratification of molecular-based subtypes of CRC. Four classes were identified based on latent class analysis integrating demographic and clinicopathological information of CRC patients. The LCA-derived Class 1 (LCAC1) and the LCAC2 showed a high risk of dying from non-CRC, while patients in LCAC3 had a risk of dying from CRC 1.41 times that of LCAC1 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.39-1.43). LCAC4 had the lowest probability to die from non-CRC (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.21-0.24) compared with LCAC1. Since the LCA-derived classification can identify patients susceptible to CRC-specific death, adjusting for this classification allows molecular-based subtypes to achieve more accurate survival stratification. We provided a classification system capable of distinguish CRC-specific death, which will improve the accuracy of consensus molecular subtypes for CRC patients' survival stratification. Further studies are warranted to confirm the molecular features of LCA-derived classification to inform potential therapeutic strategies and treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Ming He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
- Research Unit of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 510060, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
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19
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Liu Y, Ding W, Wang J, Ao X, Xue J. Non-coding RNA-mediated modulation of ferroptosis in cardiovascular diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114993. [PMID: 37302320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide and seriously threatens human health and life. Cardiomyocyte death is considered the pathological basis of various CVDs, including myocardial infarction, heart failure, and aortic dissection. Multiple mechanisms, such as ferroptosis, necrosis, and apoptosis, contribute to cardiomyocyte death. Among them, ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death that plays a vital role in various physiological and pathological processes, from development and aging to immunity and CVD. The dysregulation of ferroptosis has been shown to be closely associated with CVD progression, yet its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. In recent years, a growing amount of evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, are involved in the regulation of ferroptosis, thus affecting CVD progression. Some ncRNAs also exhibit potential value as biomarker and/or therapeutic target for patients with CVD. In this review, we systematically summarize recent findings on the underlying mechanisms of ncRNAs involved in ferroptosis regulation and their role in CVD progression. We also focus on their clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets in CVD treatment. DATA AVAILABILITY: No new data were created or analyzed in this study. Data sharing is not applicable to this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Ding
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Jianxun Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China; School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Junqiang Xue
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China.
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20
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Araten S, Mathieu R, Jetly A, Shin H, Hilal N, Zhang B, Morillo K, Nandan D, Sivankutty I, Chen MH, Choudhury S. High-quality nuclei isolation from postmortem human heart muscle tissues for single-cell studies. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 179:7-17. [PMID: 36977444 PMCID: PMC10192033 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell approaches have become an increasingly popular way of understanding the genetic factors behind disease. Isolation of DNA and RNA from human tissues is necessary to analyze multi-omic data sets, providing information on the single-cell genome, transcriptome, and epigenome. Here, we isolated high-quality single-nuclei from postmortem human heart tissues for DNA and RNA analysis. Postmortem human tissues were obtained from 106 individuals, 33 with a history of myocardial disease, diabetes, or smoking, and 73 controls without heart disease. We demonstrated that the Qiagen EZ1 instrument and kit consistently isolated genomic DNA of high yield, which can be used for checking DNA quality before conducting single-cell experiments. Here, we provide a method for single-nuclei isolation from cardiac tissue, otherwise known as the SoNIC method, which allows for the isolation of single cardiomyocyte nuclei from postmortem tissue by nuclear ploidy status. We also provide a detailed quality control measure for single-nuclei whole genome amplification and a pre-amplification method for confirming genomic integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Araten
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronald Mathieu
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anushka Jetly
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hoon Shin
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nazia Hilal
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Biostatistics and Research Design Center, Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Morillo
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepa Nandan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indu Sivankutty
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming Hui Chen
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sangita Choudhury
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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21
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Sano S, Thel MC, Walsh K. Clonal hematopoiesis: the nonhereditary genetics of age-associated cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Cardiol 2023; 38:201-206. [PMID: 36811645 PMCID: PMC10079606 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Somatic mutations, described as noninherited changes in DNA that arise and are passed on to descendant cells, are well known to cause cancers; however, it is increasingly appreciated that the propagation of somatic mutations within a tissue may have a role in causing nonneoplastic disorders and abnormalities in elderly individuals. The nonmalignant clonal expansion of somatic mutations in the hematopoietic system is termed clonal hematopoiesis. This review will briefly discuss how this condition has been linked to various age-related diseases outside the hematopoietic system. RECENT FINDINGS Clonal hematopoiesis, resulting from leukemic driver gene mutations or mosaic loss of the Y chromosome in leukocytes, is associated with the development of various forms of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis and heart failure, in a mutation-dependent manner. SUMMARY Accumulating evidence shows that clonal hematopoiesis represents a new mechanism for cardiovascular disease and a new risk factor that is as prevalent and consequential as the traditional risk factors that have been studied for decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Sano
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Mark C. Thel
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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22
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Li ZH, Wang J, Xu JP, Wang J, Yang X. Recent advances in CRISPR-based genome editing technology and its applications in cardiovascular research. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:12. [PMID: 36895064 PMCID: PMC9999643 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of genome editing technology has brought major breakthroughs in the fields of life science and medicine. In recent years, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based genome editing toolbox has been greatly expanded, not only with emerging CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) nucleases, but also novel applications through combination with diverse effectors. Recently, transposon-associated programmable RNA-guided genome editing systems have been uncovered, adding myriads of potential new tools to the genome editing toolbox. CRISPR-based genome editing technology has also revolutionized cardiovascular research. Here we first summarize the advances involving newly identified Cas orthologs, engineered variants and novel genome editing systems, and then discuss the applications of the CRISPR-Cas systems in precise genome editing, such as base editing and prime editing. We also highlight recent progress in cardiovascular research using CRISPR-based genome editing technologies, including the generation of genetically modified in vitro and animal models of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as well as the applications in treating different types of CVD. Finally, the current limitations and future prospects of genome editing technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jing-Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100071, China.,Yaneng BIOScience (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518102, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 100071, China.
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23
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Tajiri K, Suehara Y, Suzuki T, Sekine I. Clonal heamatopoiesis and associated cardiovascular diseases. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:187-194. [PMID: 36629281 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular disease share several risk factors. Clonal heamatopoiesis, a novel risk factor associated with both diseases, has received increasing attention in the fields of cardiology, heamatology and oncology. Clonal heamatopoiesis of indeterminate potential refers to the presence of at least one driver mutation in the heamatopoietic cells of peripheral blood without heamatological malignancy. Clonal heamatopoiesis of indeterminate potential is a common age-related condition that affects up to 60% of individuals aged > 80 years. Importantly, clonal heamatopoiesis of indeterminate potential carriers have a 2- to 4-fold higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease than non-carriers. Therefore, we performed an up-to-date review of clonal heamatopoiesis and its association with various forms of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerotic disease, heart failure, aortic stenosis and pulmonary hypertension. In addition, we reviewed experimental studies that examined the causality and directionality between clonal heamatopoiesis and cardiovascular disease. Lastly, we discussed future research directions that will aid in the design of personalized therapies and preventive strategies for individuals with clonal heamatopoiesis. This review showed that clonal heamatopoiesis of indeterminate potential is a common condition, especially in older patients, and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and worse prognosis. However, further research is needed to determine whether anti-inflammatory therapies or therapies that can reduce or eliminate clone size are effective in preventing cardiovascular disease in patients with clonal heamatopoiesis of indeterminate potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Tajiri
- Department of Cardiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Suehara
- Department of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toshio Suzuki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ikuo Sekine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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24
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Araten S, Mathieu R, Jetly A, Shin H, Hilal N, Zhang B, Morillo K, Nandan D, Sivankutty I, Chen MH, Choudhury S. High-Quality Nuclei Isolation from Postmortem Human Heart Muscle Tissues for Single-Cell Studies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.05.526322. [PMID: 36778433 PMCID: PMC9915735 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.05.526322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell approaches have become an increasingly popular way of understanding the genetic factors behind disease. Isolation of DNA and RNA from human tissues is necessary to analyze multi-omic data sets, providing information on the single-cell genome, transcriptome, and epigenome. Here, we isolated high-quality single-nuclei from postmortem human heart tissues for DNA and RNA analysis. Postmortem human tissues were obtained from 106 individuals, 33 with a history of myocardial disease, diabetes, or smoking, and 73 controls without heart disease. We demonstrated that the Qiagen EZ1 instrument and kit consistently isolated genomic DNA of high yield, which can be used for checking DNA quality before conducting single-cell experiments. Here, we provide a method for single-nuclei isolation from cardiac tissue, otherwise known as the SoNIC method, which allows for the isolation of single cardiomyocyte nuclei from postmortem tissue by nuclear ploidy status. We also provide a detailed quality control measure for single-nuclei whole genome amplification and a pre-amplification method for confirming genomic integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Araten
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronald Mathieu
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anushka Jetly
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hoon Shin
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard College, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nazia Hilal
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Biostatistics and Research Design Center, Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Morillo
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deepa Nandan
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Indu Sivankutty
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming Hui Chen
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sangita Choudhury
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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25
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Wu QJ, Zhang TN, Chen HH, Yu XF, Lv JL, Liu YY, Liu YS, Zheng G, Zhao JQ, Wei YF, Guo JY, Liu FH, Chang Q, Zhang YX, Liu CG, Zhao YH. The sirtuin family in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:402. [PMID: 36581622 PMCID: PMC9797940 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a potential therapeutic target for different kinds of pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and other conditions. Moreover, identification of SIRT modulators and exploring the functions of these different modulators have prompted increased efforts to discover new small molecules, which can modify SIRT activity. Furthermore, several randomized controlled trials have indicated that different interventions might affect the expression of SIRT protein in human samples, and supplementation of SIRT modulators might have diverse impact on physiological function in different participants. In this review, we introduce the history and structure of the SIRT protein family, discuss the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of seven members of the SIRT protein family, elaborate on the regulatory roles of SIRTs in human disease, summarize SIRT inhibitors and activators, and review related clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Wu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Fei Yu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Le Lv
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Shu Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Yi Guo
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai-Gang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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26
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Shao J, Liu J, Zuo S. Roles of Epigenetics in Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152347. [PMID: 35954191 PMCID: PMC9367448 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathophysiologic process associated with numerous cardiovascular diseases, resulting in cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) play an important role in the production of the extracellular matrix and are the essential cell type in a quiescent state in a healthy heart. In response to diverse pathologic stress and environmental stress, resident CFs convert to activated fibroblasts, referred to as myofibroblasts, which produce more extracellular matrix, contributing to cardiac fibrosis. Although multiple molecular mechanisms are implicated in CFs activation and cardiac fibrosis, there is increasing evidence that epigenetic regulation plays a key role in this process. Epigenetics is a rapidly growing field in biology, and provides a modulated link between pathological stimuli and gene expression profiles, ultimately leading to corresponding pathological changes. Epigenetic modifications are mainly composed of three main categories: DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. This review focuses on recent advances regarding epigenetic regulation in cardiac fibrosis and highlights the effects of epigenetic modifications on CFs activation. Finally, we provide some perspectives and prospects for the study of epigenetic modifications and cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Shao
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Jiao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;
| | - Shengkai Zuo
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China;
- Correspondence:
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27
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Circulating Monocyte Subsets and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105303. [PMID: 35628113 PMCID: PMC9141814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), as an alternative to open heart surgery, has revolutionized the treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis (AVS), the most common valvular disorder in the elderly. AVS is now considered a form of atherosclerosis and, like the latter, partly of inflammatory origin. Patients with high-grade AVS have a highly disturbed blood flow associated with high levels of shear stress. The immediate reopening of the valve during TAVR leads to a sudden restoration of a normal blood flow hemodynamic. Despite its good prognosis for patients, TAVR remains associated with bleeding or thrombotic postprocedural complications, involving mechanisms that are still poorly understood. Many studies report the close link between blood coagulation and inflammation, termed thromboinflammation, including monocytes as a major actor. The TAVR procedure represents a unique opportunity to study the influence of shear stress on human monocytes, key mediators of inflammation and hemostasis processes. The purpose of this study was to conduct a review of the literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of TAVR on monocyte phenotype and subset repartition and the association of these parameters with the clinical outcomes of patients with severe AVS who underwent TAVR.
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28
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Watt SM, Hua P, Roberts I. Increasing Complexity of Molecular Landscapes in Human Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells during Development and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3675. [PMID: 35409034 PMCID: PMC8999121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The past five decades have seen significant progress in our understanding of human hematopoiesis. This has in part been due to the unprecedented development of advanced technologies, which have allowed the identification and characterization of rare subsets of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and their lineage trajectories from embryonic through to adult life. Additionally, surrogate in vitro and in vivo models, although not fully recapitulating human hematopoiesis, have spurred on these scientific advances. These approaches have heightened our knowledge of hematological disorders and diseases and have led to their improved diagnosis and therapies. Here, we review human hematopoiesis at each end of the age spectrum, during embryonic and fetal development and on aging, providing exemplars of recent progress in deciphering the increasingly complex cellular and molecular hematopoietic landscapes in health and disease. This review concludes by highlighting links between chronic inflammation and metabolic and epigenetic changes associated with aging and in the development of clonal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9BQ, UK
- Myeloma Research Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide 5005, Australia
- Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Peng Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China;
| | - Irene Roberts
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
- Department of Paediatrics and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Haematology Theme, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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29
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Ji H, Kwan AC, Chen M, Ouyang D, Ebinger JE, Bell SP, Niiranen T, Bello NA, Cheng S. Sex Differences in Myocardial and Vascular Aging. Circ Res 2022; 130:566-577. [PMID: 35175845 PMCID: PMC8863105 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that cardiovascular disease manifests differently in women and men. The underlying causes of these differences during the aging lifespan are less well understood. Sex differences in cardiac and vascular phenotypes are seen in childhood and tend to track along distinct trajectories related to dimorphism in genetic factors as well as response to risk exposures and hormonal changes during the life course. These differences underlie sex-specific variation in cardiovascular events later in life, including myocardial infarction, heart failure, ischemic stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. With respect to cardiac phenotypes, females have intrinsically smaller body size-adjusted cardiac volumes and they tend to experience greater age-related wall thickening and myocardial stiffening with aging. With respect to vascular phenotypes, sexual dimorphism in both physiology and pathophysiology are also seen, including overt differences in blood pressure trajectories. The majority of sex differences in myocardial and vascular alterations that manifest with aging seem to follow relatively consistent trajectories from the very early to the very later stages of life. This review aims to synthesize recent cardiovascular aging-related research to highlight clinically relevant studies in diverse female and male populations that can inform approaches to improving the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of cardiovascular disease risks in the aging population at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Ji
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alan C. Kwan
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melanie Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph E. Ebinger
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan P. Bell
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Natalie A. Bello
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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