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Farhat G. Polyphenols in obesity and weight management: Are they worth further research? An umbrella review. NUTR BULL 2024; 49:126-131. [PMID: 38469993 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols are widely known for their putative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and their potential protective role in several diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. They have also attracted significant interest as 'anti-obesity' agents, although with mechanisms of action that have been exclusively demonstrated in animal and in vitro studies. This umbrella review aims to evaluate current evidence surrounding the role of polyphenols in obesity and weight management and to establish the usefulness of these agents in combatting obesity. A search of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials was carried out. Nine systematic reviews (of which eight included a meta-analysis) were included. Evidence of polyphenols' effects on reducing bodyweight is mixed, and where the effects are significant, they are numerically small and unlikely to be of help in reducing bodyweight or preventing weight gain. Future research should focus on establishing the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of polyphenols through well-designed randomised controlled trials. Such research could be more valuable and cost-effective since it has shown potential to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Farhat
- Faculty of Health and Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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2
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Stote KS, Burns G, Mears K, Sweeney M, Blanton C. The Effect of Berry Consumption on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials in Humans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1443. [PMID: 37507981 PMCID: PMC10376627 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds in berries may scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by donating electrons to free radicals, thereby protecting DNA, proteins, and lipids from oxidative damage. Evidence shows that berry consumption has beneficial health effects, though it remains unclear whether berries exert a significant impact on oxidative stress in humans. Thus, we performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCT) to examine the effects of non-acute (more than a single dose and ≥7 days) berry consumption on biomarkers of oxidative stress. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus; results were imported into Covidence for screening and data extraction. The literature search identified 622 studies that were screened, and 131 full-text studies assessed for eligibility. Ultimately, 28 RCTs met the eligibility criteria. Common biomarkers of oxidative stress (antioxidants, DNA damage, isoprostanes, malondialdehyde, and oxidized LDL) were systematically reviewed, and results were reported narratively. Of the approximate 56 oxidative stress biomarkers evaluated in the 28 RCTs, 32% of the biomarkers were reported to have statistically significant beneficial results and 68% of the biomarkers were reported as having no statistically significant differences. More well-designed and longer-term berry RCTs are needed to evaluate biomarkers of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim S Stote
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, State University of New York, Empire State University, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA
| | - Gracie Burns
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Kim Mears
- Robertson Library, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Marva Sweeney
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Cynthia Blanton
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83201, USA
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Golčić M, Simetić L, Herceg D, Blažičević K, Kenđel Jovanović G, Dražić I, Belančić A, Skočibušić N, Palčevski D, Rubinić I, Vlahović-Palčevski V, Majnarić T, Dobrila-Dintinjana R, Pleština S. Analysis of the Gut Microbiome and Dietary Habits in Metastatic Melanoma Patients with a Complete and Sustained Response to Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113052. [PMID: 37297014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has improved the prognosis of metastatic melanoma patients, although most patients do not achieve a complete response. While specific gut microbiome and dietary habits might influence treatment success, there is a lack of concordance between the studies, potentially due to dichotomizing patients only into responders and non-responders. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether metastatic melanoma patients with complete and sustained response to immunotherapy exhibit differences in gut microbiome composition among themselves, and whether those differences were associated with specific dietary habits. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing revealed that patients who exhibited a complete response after more than 9 months of treatment (late responders) exhibited a significantly higher beta-diversity (p = 0.02), with a higher abundance of Coprococcus comes (LDA 3.548, p = 0.010), Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (LDA 3.392, p = 0.024), and lower abundance of Prevotellaceae (p = 0.04) compared to early responders. Furthermore, late responders exhibited a different diet profile, with a significantly lower intake of proteins and sweets and a higher intake of flavones (p < 0.05). The research showed that metastatic melanoma patients with a complete and sustained response to immunotherapy were a heterogeneous group. Patients with a late complete response exhibited microbiome and dietary habits which were previously associated with an improved response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Golčić
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Luka Simetić
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davorin Herceg
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Blažičević
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kenđel Jovanović
- Department of Health Ecology, Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorsko-Goranska County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ivan Dražić
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Foreign Languages, Faculty of Engineering, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Andrej Belančić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nataša Skočibušić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dora Palčevski
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Igor Rubinić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vera Vlahović-Palčevski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tea Majnarić
- Community Health Center of Primorsko-Goranska County, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Stjepko Pleština
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Lu X, Wu J, Wang P, Fan Q, Hu J, Xie Y, Zheng B, Zhang Y, Zeng H. Effect of edible bird's nest and N-acetylneuraminic acid on gut microbiota in different stages of pregnant rats fed with zinc deficient diet. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Qin W, Xu B, Chen Y, Yang W, Xu Y, Huang J, Duo T, Mao Y, Zhou G, Yan X, Ma L. Dietary ellagic acid supplementation attenuates intestinal damage and oxidative stress by regulating gut microbiota in weanling piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 11:322-333. [PMID: 36329683 PMCID: PMC9597110 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal oxidative stress triggers gut microbiota dysbiosis, which is involved in the etiology of post-weaning diarrhea and enteric infections. Ellagic acid (EA) can potentially serve as an antioxidant supplement to facilitate weaning transition by improving intestinal oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of dietary EA supplementation on the attenuation of intestinal damage, oxidative stress, and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in weanling piglets. A total of 126 piglets were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated with a basal diet and 2 mL saline orally (Ctrl group), or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% EA and 2 mL saline orally (EA group), or the basal diet and 2 mL fecal microbiota suspension from the EA group orally (FEA group), respectively, for 14 d. Compared with the Ctrl group, EA group improved growth performance by increasing average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain (P < 0.05) and decreasing fecal scores (P < 0.05). EA group also alleviated intestinal damage by increasing the tight junction protein occludin (P < 0.05), villus height, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (P < 0.05), while decreasing intestinal epithelial apoptosis (P < 0.05). Additionally, EA group enhanced the jejunum antioxidant capacity by increasing the total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.01), catalase (P < 0.05), and glutathione/oxidized glutathione (P < 0.05), but decreased the oxidative metabolite malondialdehyde (P < 0.05) compared to the Ctrl group. Compared with the Ctrl group, EA and FEA groups increased alpha diversity (P < 0.05), enriched beneficial bacteria (Ruminococcaceae and Clostridium ramosum), and increased metabolites short-chain fatty acids (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, FEA group gained effects comparable to those of EA group on growth performance, intestinal damage, and intestinal antioxidant capacity. In addition, the relative abundance of bacteria shifted in EA and FEA groups was significantly related to the examined indices (P < 0.05). Overall, dietary EA supplementation could improve growth performance and attenuate intestinal damage and oxidative stress by regulating the gut microbiota in weanling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baoyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunzheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juncheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Duo
- Wuhan Huayang Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Wuhan, China
| | - Yihua Mao
- Hubei Tianxin Biotech Co., Ltd, Shiyan, China
| | | | - Xianghua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Libao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan, China
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Liu XY, Li J, Zhang Y, Fan L, Xia Y, Wu Y, Chen J, Zhao X, Gao Q, Xu B, Nie C, Li Z, Tong A, Wang W, Cai J. Kidney microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of hypertension. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2143220. [PMID: 36369946 PMCID: PMC9662196 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2143220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes metabolic syndromes (e.g., hypertension); however, the patterns that drive hypertensive pathology and could be targeted for therapeutic intervention are unclear. We hypothesized that gut microbes might translocate to the kidney to trigger hypertension. We aimed to uncover their method of colonization, and thereby how to maintain blood pressure homeostasis. Using combined approaches based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunofluorescence staining, electron microscopy analysis, bacterial cultures, species identification, and RNA-sequencing-based meta-transcriptomics, we first demonstrated the presence of bacteria within the kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and its normotensive counterpart, Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKYs), and patients with hypertension. Translocated renal bacteria were coated with secretory IgA (sIgA) or remained dormant in the L-form. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pn) was identified in the kidneys of germ-free (GF) mice following intestinal transplantation, which suggested an influx of gut bacteria into the kidneys. Renal bacterial taxa and their function are associated with hypertension. Hypertensive hosts showed increased richness in the pathobionts of their kidneys, which were partly derived from the gastrointestinal tract. We also demonstrated the indispensable role of bacterial IgA proteases in the translocation of live microbes. Furthermore, Tartary buckwheat dietary intervention reduced blood pressure and modulated the core renal flora-host ecosystem to near-normal states. Taken together, the unique patterns of viable and dormant bacteria in the kidney provide insight into the pathogenesis of non-communicable chronic diseases and cardiometabolic diseases (e.g., hypertension), and may lead to potential novel microbiota-targeted dietary therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,CONTACT Xin-Yu Liu State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Li
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yamei Zhang
- Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital &Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, P.R. China,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luyun Fan
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Xia
- Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital &Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, P.R. China,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongyang Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Sanming First Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Sanming, China
| | - Junru Chen
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC‐Xiangya, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiannan Gao
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Proctology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital (Guang Ming), Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunlai Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aiping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Jun Cai Hypertension Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
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7
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Zhang B, Zhang Y, Xing X, Wang S. Health benefits of dietary polyphenols: Insight into interindividual variability in absorption and metabolism. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Li M, Zheng Y, Zhao J, Liu M, Shu X, Li Q, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Polyphenol Mechanisms against Gastric Cancer and Their Interactions with Gut Microbiota: A Review. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:5247-5261. [PMID: 35892986 PMCID: PMC9332243 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29080417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of new drugs and resistance to existing drugs are serious problems in gastric cancer(GC) treatment. The research found polyphenols possess anti-Helicobacter pylori(Hp) and antitumor activities and may be used in the research and development of drugs for cancer prevention and treatment. However, polyphenols are affected by their chemical structures and physical properties, which leads to relatively low bioavailability and bioactivity in vivo. The intestinal flora can improve the absorption, utilization, and biological activity of polyphenols, whereas polyphenol compounds can increase the richness of the intestinal flora, reduce the activity of carcinogenic bacteria, stabilize the proportion of core flora, and maintain homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. Our review summarizes the gastrointestinal flora-mediated mechanisms of polyphenol against GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matu Li
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.L.); (J.Z.); (M.L.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinyu Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.L.); (J.Z.); (M.L.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Meimei Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (M.L.); (J.Z.); (M.L.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaochuang Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongning Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.L.)
- Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Jin Z, Ng A, Maurice CF, Juncker D. The Mini Colon Model: a benchtop multi-bioreactor system to investigate the gut microbiome. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2096993. [PMID: 35844189 PMCID: PMC9291644 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2096993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro fermentation systems allow for the investigation of gut microbial communities with precise control of various physiological parameters while decoupling confounding factors from the human host. Current systems, such as the SHIME and Robogut, are large in footprint, lack multiplexing, and have low experimental throughput. Alternatives which address these shortcomings, such as the Mini Bioreactor Array system, are often reliant on expensive specialized equipment, which hinders wide replication across labs. Here, we present the Mini Colon Model (MiCoMo), a low-cost, benchtop multi-bioreactor system that simulates the human colon environment with physiologically relevant conditions. The device consists of triplicate bioreactors working independently of an anaerobic chamber and equipped with automated pH, temperature, and fluidic control. We conducted 14-d experiments and found that MiCoMo was able to support a stable complex microbiota community with a Shannon Index of 3.17 ± 0.65, from individual fecal samples after only 3-5 d of inoculation. MiCoMo also retained inter-sample microbial differences by developing closely related communities unique to each donor, while maintaining both minimal variations between replicate reactors (average Bray-Curtis similarity 0.72 ± 0.13) andday-to-day variations (average Bray-Curtis similarity 0.81±0.10) after this short stabilization period. Together, these results establish MiCoMo as an accessible system for studying gut microbial communities with high throughput and multiplexing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QuebecCanada,McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Andy Ng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QuebecCanada,McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Corinne F. Maurice
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QCCanada,CONTACT Corinne F. Maurice Life Sciences Complex Room 332, Bellini Building 3649 Promenade Sir William Osler Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - David Juncker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QuebecCanada,McGill Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,David JunckerMcgill Genome Center, 740 Dr. Penfield Ave, Room 6500Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
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10
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Chou S, Zhang S, Guo H, Chang YF, Zhao W, Mou X. Targeted Antimicrobial Agents as Potential Tools for Modulating the Gut Microbiome. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:879207. [PMID: 35875544 PMCID: PMC9302920 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.879207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining the health of the hosts; however, there is accumulating evidence that certain bacteria in the host, termed pathobionts, play roles in the progression of diseases. Although antibiotics can be used to eradicate unwanted bacteria, the side effects of antibiotic treatment lead to a great need for more targeted antimicrobial agents as tools to modulate the microbiome more precisely. Herein, we reviewed narrow-spectrum antibiotics naturally made by plants and microorganisms, followed by more targeted antibiotic agents including synthetic peptides, phage, and targeted drug delivery systems, from the perspective of using them as potential tools for modulating the gut microbiome for favorable effects on the health of the host. Given the emerging discoveries on pathobionts and the increasing knowledge on targeted antimicrobial agents reviewed in this article, we anticipate targeted antimicrobial agents will emerge as a new generation of a drug to treat microbiome-involved diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Chou
- Center for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Center for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huating Guo
- Center for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yung-fu Chang
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Center for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangyu Mou
- Center for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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The Effects of Berry Polyphenols on the Gut Microbiota and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials in Humans. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112263. [PMID: 35684063 PMCID: PMC9182664 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Berry consumption has beneficial effects on blood pressure. Intestinal microbiota transform berry phytochemicals into more bioactive forms. Thus, we performed a systematic review of randomized clinical trials to determine whether berry polyphenols in foods, extracts or supplements have effects on both the profile of gut microbiota and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in humans. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CAB Abstracts (EBSCOhost) were searched for randomized clinical trials in humans published from 1 January 2011 to 29 October 2021. Search results were imported into Covidence for screening and data extraction by two blinded reviewers, who also performed bias assessment independently. The literature search identified 216 publications; after duplicates were removed, 168 publications were screened with 12 full-text publications assessed for eligibility. Ultimately three randomized clinical trials in humans met the eligibility criteria. One randomized clinical trial showed a low risk of bias while the other two randomized clinical trials included low, high or unclear risk of bias. Together the randomized clinical trials showed that berry consumption (Aronia berry, strawberries, raspberries, cloudberries and bilberries) for 8–12 weeks had no significant effect on both blood pressure and the gut microbiota. More randomized clinical trials are needed to determine the effects of berry consumption on the profile of gut microbiota and blood pressure in humans.
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Wang X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Dong X, Wang Y, Yang X, Tian H, Li T. Protective Effect of Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.) on High-Fructose and High-Salt Diet-Induced Hypertension: Relevant to Improvement of Renal and Intestinal Function. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3730-3744. [PMID: 35315647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension has become a leading cardiovascular risk factor worldwide. In this study, we explored the salutary effects and relevant mechanisms of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), an herbal plant with culinary and medicinal values, on high-fructose and high-salt diet (HFSD)-induced hypertension in SD rats. Our results showed that oral administration of coriander (1.0 or 2.0 g/kg·bw) effectively attenuated HFSD-induced elevation of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure. Coriander also increased the serum levels of vasodilator factors (PGI2, NO, and eNOS), decreased Na+ retention and serum uric acid (UA) level, and ameliorated glucolipid profiles. qPCR results revealed that coriander downregulated the mRNA expression of NHE3, a Na+/H+ exchanger responsible for Na+ absorption, in kidney and small intestine. 16S rDNA sequencing showed that coriander altered the gut microbiota composition with the beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium and Oscillibacter significantly enriched. Correlation analysis indicated that the abundance of Bifidobacterium was evidently correlated with levels of NHE3, NO, eNOS, and UA. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that coriander contained a variety of flavonoids including rutin and quercetin. Conclusively, long-term consumption of coriander may ameliorate HFSD-induced hypertension by mitigating HFSD-caused abnormal changes in vascular endothelial function, renal and intestinal sodium absorption, glucolipid homeostasis, and gut microbiota in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Wang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yueyue Liu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinyue Dong
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Youhua Wang
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Honglei Tian
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ting Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Reis CP. The latest developments in the area of therapeutic delivery excluding some diseases, such as COVID-19 and the big three (HIV/AID, malaria and tuberculosis). Ther Deliv 2021; 12:799-805. [PMID: 34672206 PMCID: PMC8544480 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2021-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is the beginning of a new decade, where COVID-19 and the 'big three' (HIV/AID, malaria and tuberculosis) have raised public awareness of the type of challenges researchers face every day. Beyond these diseases, there are also still many more for which scientists are working to develop new therapies and their impact in healthcare is enormous too. This industry update covers the period 1-31 August 2021, and some examples of research and approvals for many other diseases excluding COVID-19 and the 'big three' are presented. There is a progressive trend of approvals of novel drug candidates and the proposal of new indications for the existing ones. Some patents related to rare diseases were also published during this month. Information and analyses were sourced from scientific literature, regulatory and patent agencies, websites and press releases of the companies (and not based upon personal opinion). The main reason of leaving COVID-19 research outside the scope of this update is mainly due to the rapid growth and change in this field; some preliminary results require further research and scientists must be aware of the final impact that this research could have on public opinion. Moreover, as a result of disruptions to health care in the face of COVID-19, several research groups simply stopped their research in other diseases and, for that reason, it is imperative to sum up some important advances in other critical diseases and health areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Pinto Reis
- iMED, ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- IBEB, Biophysics & Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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