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Zhong C, Ju G, Yang S, Zhao X, Chen J, Li N. Total Flavonoids of Polygala fallax Hemsl Induce Apoptosis of Human Ectopic Endometrial Stromal Cells through PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 Signaling Pathway. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2023; 88:197-213. [PMID: 36934719 PMCID: PMC10619591 DOI: 10.1159/000530104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the inhibitory effect of total flavonoids of Polygala fallax Hemsl (PFHF) on human ectopic endometrial stromal cells (HEcESCs) and its mechanism. DESIGN The apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion ability of HEcESCs (Fresh human ovarian endometriosis tissue was used for primary culture) after PFHF treatment were detected, and the mechanism of action was explored. MATERIALS The Polygala fallax Hemsl (PFH), RPMI 1640 culture medium, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM)/F-12, fetal bovine serum, penicillin/streptomycin, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) kit, trypsin, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, radioimmunoprecipitation assay tissue/cell lysate, bicinchoninic acid protein concentration detection kits, protein loading buffer, the apoptosis and cell cycle extraction kits, the matrix glue, TRIzol Universal Reagent, the reverse transcription kit, AB HS Green qPCR Mix, the ECL chromogenic solution, enzyme labeling instrument, flow cytometry, automatic real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument, Goat anti-rabbit, rabbit anti-β-actin, vimentin, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-extra long (Bcl-xl), Bcl-2 associated death promoter (Bad) antibody, Alexa Fluor 594-labeled secondary antibody, the inverted microscope, the constant temperature carbon dioxide cell incubator. SETTING Five parts included introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, and conclusion. METHODS The potential targets and pathways of PFHF in the treatment of endometriosis were predicted by network pharmacology. The effect of PFHF on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle, migration, and invasion of HEcESCs was detected by CCK-8 method, flow cytometry, and Transwell chamber experiment. Label-free quantitative proteomics based on mass spectrometry was used to analyze the protein mass spectrum of differential expression of HEcESCs before and after PFHF, and the biological information was analyzed. The effects of PFHF on the mRNA and protein expression of pathway-related genes predicted in HEcESCs were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. RESULTS The network pharmacology predicts that PFHF treats endometriosis through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Compared with control group (DMEM/F-12 medium alone), the high dose PFHF can significantly reduce the viability, migration, and invasion of HEcESCs, increase the apoptosis rate of HEcESCs, and make the HEcESCs accumulated in G0/G1 phase in a time- and dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The analysis of label-free quantitative proteomics indicated that PFHF flavonoids may induce apoptosis of EESCs through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The results of RT-qPCR and Western blotting showed that the expressions of PI3K, AKT, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl were significantly downregulated, while the bad expression was upregulated in HEcESCs treated with PFHF (p < 0.05). LIMITATIONS This research investigated the effects of PFHF on the stromal endometriotic cells only. So it is unknown how PFHF can affect the entire endometriotic lesion. And the research is carried out in vitro, which gives no impression about the bioavailability of the flavonoids. CONCLUSION PFHF reduces the expression of PI3K, AKT, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xl through the PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway to inhibit HEcESCs proliferation, migration, and invasion and promote their apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmei Zhong
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Yongchuan Hospital Of Chongqing Medicine University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gongchenhao Ju
- The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Sufang Yang
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiangpei Zhao
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ning Li
- Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Mathew R. Critical Role of Caveolin-1 Loss/Dysfunction in Pulmonary Hypertension. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:medsci9040058. [PMID: 34698188 PMCID: PMC8544475 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. A number of systemic diseases and genetic mutations are known to lead to PH. The main features of PH are altered vascular relaxation responses and the activation of proliferative and anti-apoptotic pathways, resulting in pulmonary vascular remodeling, elevated pulmonary artery pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy, ultimately leading to right heart failure and premature death. Important advances have been made in the field of pulmonary pathobiology, and several deregulated signaling pathways have been shown to be associated with PH. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that, irrespective of the underlying disease, endothelial cell disruption and/or dysfunction play a key role in the pathogenesis of PH. Endothelial caveolin-1, a cell membrane protein, interacts with and regulates several transcription factors and maintains homeostasis. Disruption of endothelial cells leads to the loss or dysfunction of endothelial caveolin-1, resulting in reciprocal activation of proliferative and inflammatory pathways, leading to cell proliferation, medial hypertrophy, and PH, which initiates PH and facilitates its progression. The disruption of endothelial cells, accompanied by the loss of endothelial caveolin-1, is accompanied by enhanced expression of caveolin-1 in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that leads to pro-proliferative and pro-migratory responses, subsequently leading to neointima formation. The neointimal cells have low caveolin-1 and normal eNOS expression that may be responsible for promoting nitrosative and oxidative stress, furthering cell proliferation and metabolic alterations. These changes have been observed in human PH lungs and in experimental models of PH. In hypoxia-induced PH, there is no endothelial disruption, loss of endothelial caveolin-1, or enhanced expression of caveolin-1 in SMCs. Hypoxia induces alterations in membrane composition without caveolin-1 or any other membrane protein loss. However, caveolin-1 is dysfunctional, resulting in cell proliferation, medial hypertrophy, and PH. These alterations are reversible upon removal of hypoxia, provided there is no associated EC disruption. This review examined the role of caveolin-1 disruption and dysfunction in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajamma Mathew
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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Zhao X, Huang J, Mo Z, Wei J, Zhong C, Teng H. Aralia armata (Wall.) Seem Improves Intimal Hyperplasia after Vascular Injury by Downregulating the Wnt3 α/Dvl-1/ β-Catenin Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6682525. [PMID: 34337044 PMCID: PMC8292040 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6682525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine the mechanism of Aralia armata (Wall.) Seem (AAS) in improving intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury in rats. Rats with femoral artery injury were randomly divided into three groups: the model group, AAS low-dose group (40 mg/kg), and AAS high-dose group (80 mg/kg). The sham operation group was used as a control group. HE staining was used to observe the changes in femoral artery vessels. Immunohistochemistry was adopted to detect α-SMA, PCNA, GSK-3β, and β-catenin proteins in femoral artery tissue. The CCK-8 test and wound healing assay were employed to analyze the effect of AAS on proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) cultured in vitro. Western blotting (WB) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to evaluate the molecular mechanism. AAS reduced the stenosis of blood vessels and the protein expressions of α-SMA, PCNA, GSK-3β, and β-catenin compared to the model group. In addition, AAS (0-15 μg/mL) effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Moreover, the results of WB and PCR showed that AAS could inhibit the activation of β-catenin induced by 15% FBS and significantly decrease the expression levels of Wnt3α, Dvl-1, GSK-3β, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 in the upstream and downstream of the pathway. AAS could effectively inhibit the proliferation and migration of neointima after vascular injury in rats by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpei Zhao
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Jinchang Huang
- Department of Academic Affairs, Ruikang Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Zhenyu Mo
- Department of Academic Affairs, Ruikang Clinical Medical College, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Jiangcun Wei
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Chuanmei Zhong
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
| | - Hongli Teng
- Department of Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning 530201, China
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Abstract
Caveolae are bulb-like invaginations made up of two essential structural proteins, caveolin-1 and cavins, which are abundantly present at the plasma membrane of vertebrate cells. Since their discovery more than 60 years ago, the function of caveolae has been mired in controversy. The last decade has seen the characterization of new caveolae components and regulators together with the discovery of additional cellular functions that have shed new light on these enigmatic structures. Early on, caveolae and/or caveolin-1 have been involved in the regulation of several parameters associated with cancer progression such as cell migration, metastasis, angiogenesis, or cell growth. These studies have revealed that caveolin-1 and more recently cavin-1 have a dual role with either a negative or a positive effect on most of these parameters. The recent discovery that caveolae can act as mechanosensors has sparked an array of new studies that have addressed the mechanobiology of caveolae in various cellular functions. This review summarizes the current knowledge on caveolae and their role in cancer development through their activity in membrane tension buffering. We propose that the role of caveolae in cancer has to be revisited through their response to the mechanical forces encountered by cancer cells during tumor mass development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Singh
- UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- UMR3666, INSERM U1143, Membrane Mechanics and Dynamics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France.
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Hu A, Shuai Z, Liu J, Huang B, Luo Y, Deng J, Liu J, Yu L, Li L, Xu S. Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents vascular intimal hyperplasia involved by SDF-1α/CXCR4, SCF/c-kit and FKN/CX3CR1 axes in a rat balloon injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:113046. [PMID: 32504784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. is a traditional tonic that has been used for thousands of years, and has positive effects on vascular diseases. Ginsenoside Rg1 (GS-Rg1) is one of the active ingredients of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. and has been shown to have beneficial effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Our previously study has found that GS-Rg1 can mobilize bone marrow stem cells and inhibit vascular smooth muscle proliferation and phenotype transformation. However, pharmacological effects and mechanism of GS-Rg1 in inhibiting intimal hyperplasia is still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to investigate whether GS-Rg1 prevented vascular intimal hyperplasia, and the involvement of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/CXCR4, stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit and fractalkine (FKN)/CX3CR1 axes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were operated with carotid artery balloon injury. The treatment groups were injected with 4, 8 and 16 mg/kg of GS-Rg1 for 14 days. The degree of intimal hyperplasia was evaluated by histopathological examination. The expression of α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) and CD133 were detected by double-label immunofluorescence. Serum levels of SDF-1α, SCF and soluble FKN (sFKN) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expressions of SCF, SDF-1α and FKN, as well as the receptors c-kit, CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and CX3C chemokine receptor type 1 (CX3CR1) were detected by immunochemistry. RESULTS GS-Rg1 reduced intimal hyperplasia by evidence of the values of NIA, the ratio of NIA/MA, and the ratio of NIA/IELA and the ratio of NIA/LA, especially in 16 mg/kg group. Furthermore, GS-Rg1 8 mg/kg group and 16 mg/kg group decreased the protein expressions of the SDF-1α/CXCR4, SCF/c-kit and FKN/CX3CR1 axes in neointima, meanwhile GS-Rg1 8 mg/kg group and 16 mg/kg group also attenuated the expressions of SDF-1α, SCF and sFKN in serum. In addition, the expression of α-SMA and CD133 marked smooth muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs) was decreased after GS-Rg1 treatment. CONCLUSIONS GS-Rg1 has a positive effect on inhibiting vascular intimal hyperplasia, and the underlying mechanism is related to inhibitory expression of SDF-1α/CXCR4, SCF/c-kit and FKN/CX3CR1 axes.
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MESH Headings
- Angioplasty, Balloon
- Animals
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/etiology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/prevention & control
- Carotid Artery, Common/drug effects
- Carotid Artery, Common/metabolism
- Carotid Artery, Common/pathology
- Chemokine CX3CL1/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Ginsenosides/pharmacology
- Hyperplasia
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/injuries
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Neointima
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, CXCR4/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stem Cell Factor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Anling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China; State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China; The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550014, China.
| | - Zhiqin Shuai
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Bo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Yunmei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Jiang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Limei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China.
| | - Lisheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| | - Shangfu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnocentric of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, China.
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Wang Q, Lao M, Xu Z, Ding M, Guo S, Li L. Caveolin‑1 modulates hypertensive vascular remodeling via regulation of the Notch pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4320-4328. [PMID: 33000233 PMCID: PMC7533525 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the critical risk factors of cerebrovascular disease. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has been suggested to be involved in the development of hypertension; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying Cav-1 in hypertension. In the present study, the hypertension model was induced by infusion of angiotensin II (Ang-II) in rats. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to detect the viability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis of HUVECs. Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to address the thickness of the vessel walls. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to assess the mechanism of cav-1/Notch1 involved in hypertensive vascular remodeling. In the present study, an Ang-II-induced hypertension model was successfully established in rats. With this model, it was found that the expression levels of cav-1 and Notch1 were significantly increased in brain tissues in the hypertension group compared with the sham-operated group. In cultured HUVECs, knockdown of cav-1 regulated Ang-II-induced HUVEC viability and apoptosis, and modulated hypertensive vascular remodeling, which was mediated by the Notch pathway. The data of the present study demonstrated that the cav-1/Notch signaling plays an important role in the regulation of Ang-II-induced hypertension and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Special Medical Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Minxi Lao
- Special Medical Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Sun Yat‑Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Meilin Ding
- Special Medical Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shaolei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Filippini A, D’Alessio A. Caveolae and Lipid Rafts in Endothelium: Valuable Organelles for Multiple Functions. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091218. [PMID: 32825713 PMCID: PMC7563503 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane found in numerous cell types and are particularly abundant in endothelial cells and adipocytes. The lipid composition of caveolae largely matches that of lipid rafts microdomains that are particularly enriched in cholesterol, sphingomyelin, glycosphingolipids, and saturated fatty acids. Unlike lipid rafts, whose existence remains quite elusive in living cells, caveolae can be clearly distinguished by electron microscope. Despite their similar composition and the sharing of some functions, lipid rafts appear more heterogeneous in terms of size and are more dynamic than caveolae. Following the discovery of caveolin-1, the first molecular marker as well as the unique scaffolding protein of caveolae, we have witnessed a remarkable increase in studies aimed at investigating the role of these organelles in cell functions and human disease. The goal of this review is to discuss the most recent studies related to the role of caveolae and caveolins in endothelial cells. We first recapitulate the major embryological processes leading to the formation of the vascular tree. We next discuss the contribution of caveolins and cavins to membrane biogenesis and cell response to extracellular stimuli. We also address how caveolae and caveolins control endothelial cell metabolism, a central mechanism involved in migration proliferation and angiogenesis. Finally, as regards the emergency caused by COVID-19, we propose to study the caveolar platform as a potential target to block virus entry into endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Filippini
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Roma, Italy;
| | - Alessio D’Alessio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italia
- Correspondence:
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Tian J, Popal MS, Huang R, Zhang M, Zhao X, Zhang M, Song X. Caveolin as a Novel Potential Therapeutic Target in Cardiac and Vascular Diseases: A Mini Review. Aging Dis 2020; 11:378-389. [PMID: 32257548 PMCID: PMC7069461 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.09603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin, a structural protein of caveolae, play roles in the regulation of endothelial function, cellular lipid homeostasis, and cardiac function by affecting the activity and biogenesis of nitric oxide, and by modulating signal transduction pathways that mediate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. In this review, we present the role of caveolin in cardiac and vascular diseases and the relevant signaling pathways involved. Furthermore, we discuss a novel therapeutic perspective comprising crosstalk between caveolin and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfan Tian
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mohammad Sharif Popal
- 2 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - RongChong Huang
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Min Zhang
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingduo Zhang
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiantao Song
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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Huang J, Mathew R. Loss of cavin1 and expression of p-caveolin-1 in pulmonary hypertension: Possible role in neointima formation. World J Hypertens 2019; 9:17-29. [DOI: 10.5494/wjh.v9.i2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate; and neointima formation leads to the irreversibility of the disease. We have previously reported that in rats, monocrotaline (MCT) injection leads to progressive disruption of endothelial cells (EC), and endothelial caveolin-1 (cav-1) loss, accompanied by the activation of pro-proliferative pathways leading to PH. Four weeks post-MCT, extensive endothelial cav-1 loss is associated with increased cav-1 expression in smooth muscle cells (SMC). Exposing the MCT-treated rats to hypoxia hastens the disease process; and at 4 wk, neointimal lesions and occlusion of the small arteries are observed.
AIM To identify the alterations that occur during the progression of PH that lead to neointima formation.
METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (150-175 g) were divided in 4 groups (n = 6-8 per group): controls (C); MCT (M, a single sc injection 40 mg/kg); Hypoxia (H, hypobaric hypoxia); MCT + hypoxia (M+H, MCT-injected rats subjected to hypobaric hypoxia starting on day1). Four weeks later, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), lung histology, and cav-1 localization using immunofluorescence technique were analyzed. In addition, the expression of cav-1, tyrosine 14 phosphorylated cav-1 (p-cav-1), caveolin-2 (cav-2), cavin-1, vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-Cad) and p-ERK1/2 in the lungs were examined, and the results were compared with the controls.
RESULTS Significant PH and right ventricular hypertrophy were present in M and H groups [RVSP, mmHg, M 54±5*, H 45±2*, vs C 20±1, P < 0.05; RVH, RV/LV ratio M 0.57±0.02*, H 0.50±0.03*, vs C 0.23±0.007, P < 0.05]; with a further increase in M+H group [RVSP 69±9 mmHg, RV/LV 0.59±0.01 P < 0.05 vs M and H]. All experimental groups revealed medial hypertrophy; but only M+H group exhibited small occluded arteries and neointimal lesions. Immunofluorescence studies revealed endothelial cav-1 loss and increased cav-1 expression in SMC in M group; however, the total cav-1 level in the lungs remained low. In the M+H group, significant endothelial cav-1 loss was associated with increasing expression of cav-1 in SMC; resulting in near normalization of cav-1 levels in the lungs [cav-1, expressed as % control, C 100±0, M 22±4*, H 96±7, M+H 77±6, * = P < 0.05 vs C]. The expression of p-cav-1 was observed in M and M+H groups [M 314±4%, M+H 255±22% P < 0.05 vs C]. Significant loss of cav-2 [% control, C 100±0, M 15±1.4*, H 97±7, M+H 15±2*; M and M+H vs C, * = P < 0.05], cavin-1 [% control, C 100±0, M 20±3*, H 117±7, M+H 20±4*; M and M+H vs C, P < 0.05] and VE-Cad [% control, C 100±0, M 17±4*, H 96±9, M+H 8±3*; M and M+H vs C, P < 0.05] was present in M and M+H groups, confirming extensive disruption of EC. Hypoxia alone did not alter the expression of cav-1 or cav-1 related proteins. Expression of p-ERK1/2 was increased in all 3 PH groups [%control, C 100±0, M 284±23*, H 254±25*, M+H 270±17*; * = P < 0.05 vs C].
CONCLUSION Both cavin-1 loss and p-cav-1 expression are known to facilitate cell migration; thus, these alterations may in part play a role in neointima formation in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Rajamma Mathew
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
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Hu A, Huang J, Li S, Gao Y, Wu L, Deng J, Liu J, Gong Q, Li L, Xu S. Involvement of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α), stem cell factor (SCF), fractalkine (FKN) and VEGF in TSG protection against intimal hyperplasia in rat balloon injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 110:887-894. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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