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Jiang J, Xu L, Chai L, Zhang L, Liu H, Yan Y, Guan X, Sun H, Tian L. Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of nifekalant injection with varies dosing plan in Chinese volunteers: a randomized, blind, placebo-controlled study. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 2024; 51:77-87. [PMID: 37566244 DOI: 10.1007/s10928-023-09882-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Nifekalant hydrochloride is a class III antiarrhythmic agent which could increase the duration of the action potential and the effective refractory period of ventricular and atrial myocytes by blocking the K+ current. Nifekalant is used to prevent ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation. QT interval prolongation is the main measurable drug effect. However, due to the complicated dosing plan in clinic, the relationship among dosage, time, drug concentration and efficacy is not fully understood. In this study, a single-center, randomized, blind, dose-ascending, placebo-controlled study was conducted to explore the intrinsic characteristics of nifekalant injection in healthy Chinese volunteers by a population pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) model approach. 42 subjects were enrolled in this study and received one of three dose plans (loading dose on Day 1 (0.15, 0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg), loading dose followed by maintenance dose (0.2, 0.4 or 0.8 mg/kg/h) on Day 4) or vehicle. Blood samples were drawn for PK evaluation, and ECGs were recorded for QTc calculation at the designed timepoints. No Torsades de Pointes occurred during the study. The popPK model of nifekalant injection could be described by a two-compartment model with first-order elimination. The population mean clearance (CL) was 53.8 L/h. The population mean distribution volume of the central (Vc) and peripheral (Vp) compartments was 8.27 L and 45.6 L, respectively. A nonlinear dose-response (Emax) model well described the pharmacodynamic effect (QTc interval prolongation) of nifekalant. The Emax and EC50 from current study were 101 ms and 342 ng/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Chai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Guan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167#, XiCheng District, Beijing, China.
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Dong Y, Zhai Z, Zhu B, Xiao S, Chen Y, Hou A, Zou P, Xia Z, Yu J, Li J. Development and Validation of a Novel Prognostic Model Predicting the Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Risk for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated with Nifekalant During the First Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:1117-1129. [PMID: 35731452 PMCID: PMC10721663 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to establish and assess a prediction model for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with nifekalant during the first radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). METHODS In this study, 244 patients with persistent AF from January 17, 2017 to December 14, 2017, formed the derivation cohort, and 205 patients with persistent AF from December 15, 2017 to October 28, 2018, constituted the validation cohort. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used for variable screening and the multivariable Cox survival model for nomogram development. The accuracy and discriminative capability of this predictive model were assessed according to discrimination (area under the curve [AUC]) and calibration. Clinical practical value was evaluated using decision curve analysis. RESULTS Body mass index, AF duration, sex, left atrial diameter, and the different responses after nifekalant administration were identified as AF recurrence-associated factors, all of which were selected for the nomogram. In the development and validation cohorts, the AUC for predicting 1-year AF-free survival was 0.863 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.801-0.926) and 0.855 (95% CI 0.782-0.929), respectively. The calibration curves showed satisfactory agreement between the actual AF-free survival and the nomogram prediction in the derivation and validation cohorts. In both groups, the prognostic score enabled stratifying the patients into different AF recurrence risk groups. CONCLUSIONS This predictive nomogram can serve as a quantitative tool for estimating the 1-year AF recurrence risk for patients with persistent AF treated with nifekalant during the first RFCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzheng Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shucai Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Anxue Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengtao Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zirong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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Shi S, Mao X, Lv J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Shou X, Zhang B, Li Y, Wu H, Song Q, Hu Y. Qi-Po-Sheng-Mai granule ameliorates Ach-CaCl 2 -induced atrial fibrillation by regulating calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155017. [PMID: 37597360 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias encountered in clinical settings. Currently, the pathophysiology of AF remains unclear, which severely limits the effectiveness and safety of medical therapies. The Chinese herbal formula Qi-Po-Sheng-Mai Granule (QPSM) has been widely used in China to treat AF. However, its pharmacological and molecular mechanisms remain unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms and potential targets of QPSM for AF. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The AF model was induced by Ach (66 μg/ml) and CaCl2 (10 mg/kg), and the dose of 0.1 ml/100 g was injected into the tail vein for 5 weeks. QPSM was administered daily at doses of 4.42 and 8.84 g/kg, and amiodarone (0.18 g/kg) was used as the positive control. The effect of QPSM on AF was assessed by electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and histopathological analysis. Then, we employed network pharmacology with single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-Seq) to investigate the molecular mechanisms and potential targets of QPSM for AF. Furthermore, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used for component analysis of QPSM, and molecular docking was used to verify the potential targets. Using the IonOptix single cell contraction and ion synchronization test equipment, single myocyte length and calcium ion variations were observed in real time. The expression levels of calcium Transporter-related proteins were detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Based on an Ach-CaCl2-induced AF model, we found that QPSM treatment significantly reduced atrial electrical remodeling-related markers, such as AF inducibility and duration, and attenuated atrial dilation and fibrosis. Network pharmacology identified 52 active ingredients and 119 potential targets for QPSM in the treatment of AF, and 45 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were enriched, among which calcium pathway had the greatest impact. Using single nucleus sequencing (snRNA-seq), we identified cardiomyocytes as the most differentially expressed in response to drug treatment, with nine differentially expressed genes enriched in calcium signaling pathways. High performance liquid chromatography and molecular docking confirmed that the core components of QPSM strongly bind to the key factors in the calcium signaling pathway. Additional experiments have shown that QPSM increases calcium transients (CaT) and contractility in the individual cardiomyocyte. This was accomplished by increasing the expression of CACNA1C and SERCA2a and decreasing the expression of CAMK2B and NCX1. CONCLUSION The present study has systematically elucidated the role of QPSM in maintaining calcium homeostasis in cardiomyocytes through the regulation of calcium transporters, which could lead to new drug development ideas for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xinxin Mao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jiayu Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yajiao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xintian Shou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingxuan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Huaqin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqiao Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 5 Beixiange Street Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Zhai Z, Xia Z, Xia Z, Hu J, Hu J, Zhu B, Xiong Q, Wu Y, Hong K, Chen Q, Yu J, Li J. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of different doses of nifekalant in the instant cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation during radiofrequency ablation. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 128:430-439. [PMID: 33037726 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nifekalant has been used in the treatment of atrial arrhythmia recently. However, there is no consensus on the preferable nifekalant dose to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to explore efficacy and safety of different doses of nifekalant in the cardioversion of persistent AF. The study was a single-centre, randomized controlled trial. All subjects received nifekalant or placebo intravenously, and the nifekalant was given at the dosage of 0.3, 0.4 or 0.5 mg/kg. Primary efficacy end-point: compared with 0.3 mg group, the rate of cardioversion to sinus rhythm from AF in 0.4 and 0.5 mg group was higher. The 0.4 and 0.5 mg/kg doses were associated with a similar magnitude of efficacy (P > .05). Secondary efficacy end-point: termination rates of AF in the group of 0.4 mg and 0.5 mg were higher than 0.3 mg. Primary safety end-point: the rate of Torsades de Pointes or ventricular fibrillation was numerically lower in the 0.4 mg group than 0.5 mg group (P = .02). Secondary safety end-point: The rates of the majority of other common drug-related adverse events in the group of 0.5 and 0.4 mg were higher than the 0.3 mg group. A 0.4 mg/kg dose of intravenous nifekalant may be recommended during the radiofrequency ablation for persistent AF considering the benefit-risk profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zirong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinzhu Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianxin Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qinmei Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - JianHua Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Camm AJ, Lip GYH, Schilling R, Calkins H, Steffel J. The year in cardiology: arrhythmias and pacing. Eur Heart J 2020; 41:619-625c. [PMID: 31901935 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A John Camm
- St. George's University of London, Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular & Clinical Sciences Institute, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW19 0RE, London, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.,Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Hugh Calkins
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jan Steffel
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Electrophysiology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
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Hu J, Yu J, Chen Q, Hu J, Huang Q, Xia Z, Xia Z, Ju Z, Yuan P, Fan S, Xiong Q, Zhu B, Huang L, You C, Bao H, Wu Y, Cheng X, Li J, Marian AJ, Hong K. Efficacy of Nifekalant in Patients With Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome and Atrial Fibrillation: Electrophysiological and Clinical Findings. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012511. [PMID: 31234695 PMCID: PMC6662361 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The efficacy of nifekalant in preexcited atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been assessed. Methods and Results The study populations consisted of patients with sustained preexcited AF (n=51), paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (n=201), and persistent AF (n=87). Effects of intravenous infusion of nifekalant were assessed on electrophysiological and clinical parameters. Nifekalant prolonged the shortest preexcited R‐R, the average preexcited R‐R, and the average R‐R intervals from 290±35 to 333±44 ms, 353±49 to 443±64 ms, and 356±53 to 467±75 ms, respectively, in patients with preexcited AF (all P<0.001). Nifekalant also decreased the percentage of preexcited QRS complexes, heart rate, and increased systolic pressure (all P<0.001). Nifekalant terminated AF in 33 of 51 patients (65%). Similar effects were also observed in a subgroup of 12 patients with preexcited AF and impaired left ventricular function. In patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, nifekalant significantly prolonged the effective refractory period, the block cycle length of the antegrade accessory pathway, and the atrial effective refractory period (all P<0.001). Nifekalant had no effect on the effective refractory period of the antegrade atrioventricular node. Finally, in patients with persistent AF without an accessory pathway, nifekalant did not significantly decrease the ventricular rate of AF. One patient developed Torsades de Pointes. No other adverse effects were observed. Conclusions Nifekalant prolongs the effective refractory period of the antegrade accessory pathway and atrium without blocking antegrade conduction through the atrioventricular node, leading to slowing and/or to termination of preexcited AF. Thus, nifekalant might be an effective and a relatively safe drug in patients with preexcited AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Hu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Qi Chen
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Jianxin Hu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Qianghui Huang
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Zhen Xia
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Zirong Xia
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Zhenzhen Ju
- 3 Post-Anesthetic Care Unit The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Ping Yuan
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Siyang Fan
- 4 Clinical EP Laboratory and Arrhythmia Service Center of Fuwai Heart Hospital Beijing China
| | - Qinmei Xiong
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Bo Zhu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Lin Huang
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Chunjiao You
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Huihui Bao
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Juxiang Li
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
| | - Ali J Marian
- 5 Center for Cardiovascular Genetics Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center Houston TX
| | - Kui Hong
- 1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China.,2 Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang of Jiangxi China
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