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Mesdaghi S, Price R, Li M, Migrino RQ, Madine J, Rigden DJ. Investigating Medin Cleavage Accessibility in MfgE8: Conformational Insights Derived from Molecular Dynamics Simulations and AlphaFold2 Models. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.27.605412. [PMID: 39131300 PMCID: PMC11312466 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.27.605412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that the human amyloidogenic protein medin is associated with a range of vascular diseases, including aortic aneurysms, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease. Medin accumulates in the vasculature with age, leading to endothelial dysfunction through oxidative and nitrative stress and inducing pro-inflammatory activation. Medin is a cleavage product from the C2 domain of MfgE8. The exact mechanism of medin production from MfgE8 is unknown, with crystal structures of homologous C2 domains suggesting that the cleavage sites are buried, requiring a conformational transition for medin production. Molecular dynamics simulations can explore a wide range of conformations, from small-scale bond rotations to large-scale changes like protein folding or ligand binding. This study employed a combination of full-atom and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, along with CONCOORD- and AlphaFold2-generated models, to investigate MfgE8 conformations and their implications for medin cleavage site accessibility. The simulations revealed that MfgE8 tends to adopt a compact conformation with the RGD motif, important for cell attachment within the N-terminal domain, and the medin region in the C-terminal domain close in proximity. Formation of this compact structure is facilitated by interdomain electrostatic interactions that promote stability and in turn decrease the solvent-accessible surface area of the medin region and particularly the C-terminal medin cleavage site. This data enhances current knowledge on medin generation to propose that alterations in local environmental conditions, possibly through changes in glycosylation or other post-translational modifications are required to induce MfgE8 to unfold partially or fully: this would result in enhanced accessibility of the cleavage sites and therefore enable medin generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Mesdaghi
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
- Computational Biology Facility, MerseyBio, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Rebecca Price
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Ming Li
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jillian Madine
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Daniel J Rigden
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Meng S, An Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Wang H, Shao Q, Dou M, He L, Zhang C. Tea polyphenols protect bovine intestinal epithelial cells from the adverse effects of heat-stress in vitro. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3934-3945. [PMID: 37647094 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2244569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Heat-stress (HS) leads to impaired gut health, adversely affecting milk production of dairy cows. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of tea polyphenols (TP) against HS-induced damage in bovine intestinal epithelial cells (BIECs) and explored the underlying mechanisms. Primary BIECs were isolated from bovine duodenum, cultured and treated as follows: (1) control cells incubated in complete medium at 37 °C for 12 h, (2) TP group incubated in medium containing 100 μg/mL TP at 37 °C for 12 h, (3) HS group incubated in medium at 37 °C for 6 h followed by 6 h at 42 °C, and (4) HS + TP group incubated with 100 μg/mL TP for 6 h at 37 °C and 6 h at 42 °C. TP improved cell viability and antioxidant capacity, and decreased apoptosis and LDH activity. TP led to upregulation of Nrf2 and its target antioxidant genes HO-1, NQO1 and SOD1 expression. TP significantly decreased the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes (NF-κB, IL-6 and TNF-α), and increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine gene, IL-10. The above results suggested that TP protected BIECs from HS-induced adverse effects by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, indicating that TP can alleviate HS-induced intestinal damage in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudan Meng
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Innovative Research Team of Livestock Intelligent Breeding and Equipment, Longmen Laboratory, Luoyang, China
| | - Yongsheng An
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qi Shao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengying Dou
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Lei He
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Emerging Disease Detection and Control, Luoyang, China
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Zhang Y, Karamanova N, Morrow KT, Madine J, Truran S, Lozoya M, Weissig V, Li M, Nikkhah M, Park JG, Migrino RQ. Transcriptomic analyses reveal proinflammatory activation of human brain microvascular endothelial cells by aging-associated peptide medin and reversal by nanoliposomes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18802. [PMID: 37914766 PMCID: PMC10620412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45959-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Medin is a common vascular amyloidogenic peptide recently implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia and its pathology remains unknown. We aim to identify changes in transcriptomic profiles and pathways in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs) exposed to medin, compare that to exposure to β-amyloid (Aβ) and evaluate protection by monosialoganglioside-containing nanoliposomes (NL). HBMVECs were exposed for 20 h to medin (5 µM) without or with Aβ(1-42) (2 µM) or NL (300 µg/mL), and RNA-seq with signaling pathway analyses were performed. Separately, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of select identified genes was done in HBMVECs treated with medin (5 µM) without or with NFκB inhibitor RO106-9920 (10 µM) or NL (300 µg/mL). Medin caused upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes that was not aggravated by Aβ42 co-treatment but reversed by NL. Pathway analysis on differentially expressed genes revealed multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the nuclear factor-κB (NFkB) signaling pathways, were affected specifically by medin treatment. RO106-9920 and NL reduced medin-induced pro-inflammatory activation. Medin induced endothelial cell pro-inflammatory signaling in part via NFκB that was reversed by NL. This could have potential implications in the pathogenesis and treatment of vascular aging, AD and vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Zhang
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Nina Karamanova
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
| | - Kaleb T Morrow
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
| | | | - Seth Truran
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
| | | | | | - Ming Li
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Jin G Park
- Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 650 E. Indian School Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85022, USA.
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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Huang F, Fan X, Wang Y, Wang C, Zou Y, Lian J, Ding F, Sun Y. Unveiling Medin Folding and Dimerization Dynamics and Conformations via Atomistic Discrete Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6376-6385. [PMID: 37782573 PMCID: PMC10752383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Medin is a principal component of localized amyloid found in the vasculature of individuals over 50 years old. Its amyloid aggregation has been linked to endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, contributing to the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases. Despite its significance, the structures of the medin monomer, oligomer, and fibril remain elusive, and the dynamic processes of medin aggregation are not fully understood. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the medin folding and dimerization dynamics and conformations using atomistic discrete molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulation results suggested that the folding initiation of the medin involved the formation of β-sheets around medin30-41 and medin42-50, with subsequent capping of other segments to their β-sheet edges. Medin monomers typically consisted of three or four β-strands, along with a dynamic N-terminal helix. Two isolated medin peptides readily aggregated into a β-sheet-rich dimer, displaying a strong aggregation propensity. Dimerization of medin not only enhanced the β-sheet conformations but also led to the formation of β-barrel oligomers. The aggregation tendencies of medin1-18 and medin19-29 were relatively weak. However, the segments of medin30-41 and medin42-50 played a crucial role as they primarily formed a β-sheet core and facilitated medin1-18 and medin19-29 to form intra- and interpeptide β-sheets. The findings highlight the critical role of the medin30-41 and medin42-50 regions in stabilizing the monomer structure and driving the medin amyloid aggregation. These regions could potentially serve as promising targets for designing antiamyloid inhibitors against amyloid aggregation of medin. Additionally, our study provides a full picture of the monomer conformations and dimerization dynamics for medin, which will help better understand the pathology of medin aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering (NIIME), Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xinjie Fan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering (NIIME), Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
| | - Yunxiang Sun
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States
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Madine J, Davies HA, Migrino RQ, Ruotsalainen SE, Wagner J, Neher JJ. Medin amyloid may drive arterial aging and disease in the periphery and brain. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1039-1041. [PMID: 37620584 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Madine
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hannah A Davies
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System and University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sanni E Ruotsalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jessica Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas J Neher
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany.
- Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Light, Water, and Melatonin: The Synergistic Regulation of Phase Separation in Dementia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065835. [PMID: 36982909 PMCID: PMC10054283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The swift rise in acceptance of molecular principles defining phase separation by a broad array of scientific disciplines is shadowed by increasing discoveries linking phase separation to pathological aggregations associated with numerous neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, that contribute to dementia. Phase separation is powered by multivalent macromolecular interactions. Importantly, the release of water molecules from protein hydration shells into bulk creates entropic gains that promote phase separation and the subsequent generation of insoluble cytotoxic aggregates that drive healthy brain cells into diseased states. Higher viscosity in interfacial waters and limited hydration in interiors of biomolecular condensates facilitate phase separation. Light, water, and melatonin constitute an ancient synergy that ensures adequate protein hydration to prevent aberrant phase separation. The 670 nm visible red wavelength found in sunlight and employed in photobiomodulation reduces interfacial and mitochondrial matrix viscosity to enhance ATP production via increasing ATP synthase motor efficiency. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant that lowers viscosity to increase ATP by scavenging excess reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Reduced viscosity by light and melatonin elevates the availability of free water molecules that allow melatonin to adopt favorable conformations that enhance intrinsic features, including binding interactions with adenosine that reinforces the adenosine moiety effect of ATP responsible for preventing water removal that causes hydrophobic collapse and aggregation in phase separation. Precise recalibration of interspecies melatonin dosages that account for differences in metabolic rates and bioavailability will ensure the efficacious reinstatement of the once-powerful ancient synergy between light, water, and melatonin in a modern world.
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Milk Fat Globule Epidermal Growth Factor VIII Fragment Medin in Age-Associated Arterial Adverse Remodeling and Arterial Disease. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020253. [PMID: 36672188 PMCID: PMC9857039 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Medin, a small 50-amino acid peptide, is an internal cleaved product from the second discoidin domain of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor VIII (MFG-E8) protein. Medin has been reported as the most common amylogenic protein in the upper part of the arterial system, including aortic, temporal, and cerebral arterial walls in the elderly. Medin has a high affinity to elastic fibers and is closely associated with arterial degenerative inflammation, elastic fiber fragmentation, calcification, and amyloidosis. In vitro, treating with the medin peptide promotes the inflammatory phenotypic shift of both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies demonstrate that medin enhances the abundance of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species produced by both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells and promotes vascular endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. Immunostaining and immunoblotting analyses of human samples indicate that the levels of medin are increased in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm/dissection, temporal arteritis, and cerebrovascular dementia. Thus, medin peptide could be targeted as a biomarker diagnostic tool or as a potential molecular approach to curbing the arterial degenerative inflammatory remodeling that accompanies aging and disease.
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Ni L, Liu L, Zhu W, Telljohann R, Zhang J, Monticone RE, McGraw KR, Liu C, Morrell CH, Garrido‐Gil P, Labandeira‐Garcia JL, Lakatta EG, Wang M. Inflammatory Role of Milk Fat Globule-Epidermal Growth Factor VIII in Age-Associated Arterial Remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e022574. [PMID: 36000422 PMCID: PMC9496444 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.022574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Age-associated aortic remodeling includes a marked increase in intimal medial thickness (IMT), associated with signs of inflammation. Although aortic wall milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor VIII (MFG-E8) increases with age, and is associated with aortic inflammation, it is not known whether MFG-E8 is required for the age-associated increase in aortic IMT. Here, we tested whether MFG-E8 is required for the age-associated increase in aortic IMT. Methods and Results To determine the role of MFG-E8 in the age-associated increase of IMT, we compared aortic remodeling in adult (20-week) and aged (96-week) MFG-E8 (-/-) knockout and age matched wild-type (WT) littermate mice. The average aortic IMT increased with age in the WT from 50±10 to 70±20 μm (P<0.0001) but did not significantly increase with age in MFG-E8 knockout mice. Because angiotensin II signaling is implicated as a driver of age-associated increase in IMT, we infused 30-week-old MFG-E8 knockout and age-matched littermate WT mice with angiotensin II or saline via osmotic mini-pumps to determine whether MFG-E8 is required for angiotensin II-induced aortic remodeling. (1) In WT mice, angiotensin II infusion substantially increased IMT, elastic lamina degradation, collagen deposition, and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells; in contrast, these effects were significantly reduced in MFG-E8 KO mice; (2) On a molecular level, angiotensin II treatment significantly increased the activation and expression of matrix metalloproteinase type 2, transforming growth factor beta 1, and its downstream signaling molecule phosphorylated mother against decapentaplegic homolog 2, and collagen type I production in WT mice; however, in the MFG-E8 knockout mice, these molecular effects were significantly reduced; and (3) in WT mice, angiotensin II increased levels of aortic inflammatory markers phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa beta p65, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 molecular expression, while in contrast, these inflammatory markers did not change in knockout mice. Conclusions Thus, MFG-E8 is required for both age-associated proinflammatory aortic remodeling and also for the angiotensin II-dependent induction in younger mice of an aortic inflammatory phenotype observed in advanced age. Targeting MFG-E8 would be a novel molecular approach to curb adverse arterial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leng Ni
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Wanqu Zhu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Richard Telljohann
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Robert E. Monticone
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Kimberly R. McGraw
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Changwei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Christopher H. Morrell
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Pablo Garrido‐Gil
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDISUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSpain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)MadridSpain
| | - Jose Luis Labandeira‐Garcia
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDISUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSpain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)MadridSpain
| | - Edward G. Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institution on AgingNational Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)BaltimoreMD
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Xu H, Li S, Liu YS. Nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular aging and related diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:231. [PMID: 35817770 PMCID: PMC9272665 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-induced alternations of vasculature structures, phenotypes, and functions are key in the occurrence and development of vascular aging-related diseases. Multiple molecular and cellular events, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, cellular senescence, and epigenetic alterations are highly associated with vascular aging physiopathology. Advances in nanoparticles and nanotechnology, which can realize sensitive diagnostic modalities, efficient medical treatment, and better prognosis as well as less adverse effects on non-target tissues, provide an amazing window in the field of vascular aging and related diseases. Throughout this review, we presented current knowledge on classification of nanoparticles and the relationship between vascular aging and related diseases. Importantly, we comprehensively summarized the potential of nanoparticles-based diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in vascular aging and related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, as well as chronic kidney diseases, and discussed the advantages and limitations of their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Ahmad S, Truran S, Karamanova N, Kindelin A, Lozoya M, Weissig V, Emerson H, Griffiths D, Vail T, Lifshitz J, Ducruet AF, Migrino RQ. Nanoliposomes Reduce Stroke Injury Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Mice. Stroke 2022; 53:e37-e41. [PMID: 34743535 PMCID: PMC10901257 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.121.037120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neuroprotective strategies for stroke remain inadequate. Nanoliposomes comprised of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and monosialogangliosides (nanoliposomes) induced an antioxidant protective response in endothelial cells exposed to amyloid insults. We tested the hypotheses that nanoliposomes will preserve human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells viability following oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-reoxygenation and will reduce injury in mice following middle cerebral artery occlusion. METHODS SH-SY5Y and human brain microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation-reoxygenation (3 hours 0.5%-1% oxygen and glucose-free media followed by 20-hour ambient air/regular media) without or with nanoliposomes (300 µg/mL). Viability was measured (calcein-acetoxymethyl fluorescence) and protein expression of antioxidant proteins HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1), NQO1 (NAD[P]H quinone dehydrogenase 1), and SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1) were measured by Western blot. C57BL/6J mice were treated with saline (n=8) or nanoliposomes (10 mg/mL lipid, 200 µL, n=7) while undergoing 60-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. Day 2 postinjury neurological impairment score and infarction size were compared. RESULTS SH-SY5Y and human brain microvascular endothelial cells showed reduced viability post-oxygen-glucose deprivation-reoxygenation that was reversed by nanoliposomes. Nanoliposomes increased protein expressions of HO-1, NQO1 in both cell types and SOD1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Nanoliposomes-treated mice showed reduced neurological impairment and brain infarct size (18.8±2% versus 27.3±2.3%, P=0.017) versus controls. CONCLUSIONS Nanoliposomes reduced stroke injury in mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion likely through induction of an antioxidant protective response. Nanoliposome is a candidate novel agent for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ahmad
- Barrow Neurological Institute
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Griffiths
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix
| | - Tyler Vail
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix
| | - Jonathan Lifshitz
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix
| | | | - Raymond Q. Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix
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Wagner J, Degenhardt K, Veit M, Louros N, Konstantoulea K, Skodras A, Wild K, Liu P, Obermüller U, Bansal V, Dalmia A, Häsler LM, Lambert M, De Vleeschouwer M, Davies HA, Madine J, Kronenberg-Versteeg D, Feederle R, Del Turco D, Nilsson KPR, Lashley T, Deller T, Gearing M, Walker LC, Heutink P, Rousseau F, Schymkowitz J, Jucker M, Neher JJ. Medin co-aggregates with vascular amyloid-β in Alzheimer's disease. Nature 2022; 612:123-131. [PMID: 36385530 PMCID: PMC9712113 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aggregates of medin amyloid (a fragment of the protein MFG-E8, also known as lactadherin) are found in the vasculature of almost all humans over 50 years of age1,2, making it the most common amyloid currently known. We recently reported that medin also aggregates in blood vessels of ageing wild-type mice, causing cerebrovascular dysfunction3. Here we demonstrate in amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice and in patients with Alzheimer's disease that medin co-localizes with vascular amyloid-β deposits, and that in mice, medin deficiency reduces vascular amyloid-β deposition by half. Moreover, in both the mouse and human brain, MFG-E8 is highly enriched in the vasculature and both MFG-E8 and medin levels increase with the severity of vascular amyloid-β burden. Additionally, analysing data from 566 individuals in the ROSMAP cohort, we find that patients with Alzheimer's disease have higher MFGE8 expression levels, which are attributable to vascular cells and are associated with increased measures of cognitive decline, independent of plaque and tau pathology. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that medin interacts directly with amyloid-β to promote its aggregation, as medin forms heterologous fibrils with amyloid-β, affects amyloid-β fibril structure, and cross-seeds amyloid-β aggregation both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, medin could be a therapeutic target for prevention of vascular damage and cognitive decline resulting from amyloid-β deposition in the blood vessels of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wagner
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karoline Degenhardt
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marleen Veit
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Louros
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katerina Konstantoulea
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angelos Skodras
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katleen Wild
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ping Liu
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Obermüller
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vikas Bansal
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anupriya Dalmia
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa M. Häsler
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Lambert
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias De Vleeschouwer
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hannah A. Davies
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jillian Madine
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Deborah Kronenberg-Versteeg
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Regina Feederle
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany ,grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Domenico Del Turco
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - K. Peter R. Nilsson
- grid.5640.70000 0001 2162 9922Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas Deller
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Marla Gearing
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Lary C. Walker
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Department of Neurology and Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Peter Heutink
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frederic Rousseau
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost Schymkowitz
- grid.511015.1Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Switch Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathias Jucker
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jonas J. Neher
- grid.424247.30000 0004 0438 0426German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany ,grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Marazuela P, Solé M, Bonaterra-Pastra A, Pizarro J, Camacho J, Martínez-Sáez E, Kuiperij HB, Verbeek MM, de Kort AM, Schreuder FHBM, Klijn CJM, Castillo-Ribelles L, Pancorbo O, Rodríguez-Luna D, Pujadas F, Delgado P, Hernández-Guillamon M. MFG-E8 (LACTADHERIN): a novel marker associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:154. [PMID: 34530925 PMCID: PMC8444498 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a crucial feature in Alzheimer´s disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), although the pathophysiological relationship between these diseases remains unclear. Numerous proteins are associated with Aβ deposited in parenchymal plaques and/or cerebral vessels. We hypothesized that the study of these proteins would increase our understanding of the overlap and biological differences between these two pathologies and may yield new diagnostic tools and specific therapeutic targets. We used a laser capture microdissection approach combined with mass spectrometry in the APP23 transgenic mouse model of cerebral-β-amyloidosis to specifically identify vascular Aβ-associated proteins. We focused on one of the main proteins detected in the Aβ-affected cerebrovasculature: MFG-E8 (milk fat globule-EGF factor 8), also known as lactadherin. We first validated the presence of MFG-E8 in mouse and human brains. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting studies revealed that MFG-E8 brain levels were higher in APP23 mice than in WT mice. Furthermore, MFG-E8 was strongly detected in Aβ-positive vessels in human postmortem CAA brains, whereas MFG-E8 was not present in parenchymal Aβ deposits. Levels of MFG-E8 were additionally analysed in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients diagnosed with CAA, patients with AD and control subjects. Whereas no differences were found in MFG-E8 serum levels between groups, MFG-E8 concentration was significantly lower in the CSF of CAA patients compared to controls and AD patients. Finally, in human vascular smooth muscle cells MFG-E8 was protective against the toxic effects of the treatment with the Aβ40 peptide containing the Dutch mutation. In summary, our study shows that MFG-E8 is highly associated with CAA pathology and highlights MFG-E8 as a new CSF biomarker that could potentially be used to differentiate cerebrovascular Aβ pathology from parenchymal Aβ deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Marazuela
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d´Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Solé
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d´Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Bonaterra-Pastra
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d´Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Pizarro
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d´Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica Camacho
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Sáez
- Pathology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Bea Kuiperij
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M de Kort
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris H B M Schreuder
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina J M Klijn
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Castillo-Ribelles
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olalla Pancorbo
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Rodríguez-Luna
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Pujadas
- Neurology Department, Dementia Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Delgado
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d´Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Hernández-Guillamon
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Pg. Vall d´Hebron, 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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13
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Ni YQ, Zhan JK, Liu YS. Roles and mechanisms of MFG-E8 in vascular aging-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101176. [PMID: 32971257 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aging of the vasculature plays a crucial role in the pathological progression of various vascular aging-related diseases. As endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are essential parts in the inner and medial layers of vessel wall, respectively, the structural and functional alterations of ECs and VSMCs are the major causes of vascular aging. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a multifunctional glycoprotein which exerts a regulatory role in the intercellular interactions involved in a variety of biological and pathological processes. Emerging evidence suggests that MFG-E8 is a novel and outstanding modulator for vascular aging via targeting at ECs and VSMCs. In this review, we will summarise the cumulative roles and mechanisms of MFG-E8 in vascular aging and vascular aging-related diseases with special emphasis on the functions of ECs and VSMCs. In addition, we also aim to focus on the promising diagnostic function as a biomarker and the potential therapeutic application of MFG-E8 in vascular aging and the clinical evaluation of vascular aging-related diseases.
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Medin aggregation causes cerebrovascular dysfunction in aging wild-type mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23925-23931. [PMID: 32900929 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011133117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Medin is the most common amyloid known in humans, as it can be found in blood vessels of the upper body in virtually everybody over 50 years of age. However, it remains unknown whether deposition of Medin plays a causal role in age-related vascular dysfunction. We now report that aggregates of Medin also develop in the aorta and brain vasculature of wild-type mice in an age-dependent manner. Strikingly, genetic deficiency of the Medin precursor protein, MFG-E8, eliminates not only vascular aggregates but also prevents age-associated decline of cerebrovascular function in mice. Given the prevalence of Medin aggregates in the general population and its role in vascular dysfunction with aging, targeting Medin may become a novel approach to sustain healthy aging.
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Migrino RQ, Karamanova N, Truran S, Serrano GE, Davies HA, Madine J, Beach TG. Cerebrovascular medin is associated with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 12:e12072. [PMID: 32875054 PMCID: PMC7447901 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medin, an aging-associated amyloidogenic protein, induces cerebrovascular dysfunction and inflammation. We investigated the relationship between cerebrovascular medin and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS Cerebral arteriole medin was quantified from 91 brain donors with no dementia (ND), AD, VaD, or combined AD and VaD. Correlation analyses evaluated the relationship between arteriole medin, and plaques, tangles, or white matter lesions (WML). Receiver operating characteristic and regression analyses assessed whether medin is predictive of AD or VaD versus other cerebrovascular pathologies (circle of Willis [CoW] atherosclerosis and cerebral amyloid angiopathy [CAA]). RESULTS Arteriole medin was higher in those with AD, VaD, or combined AD/VaD versus ND (P < .05), and correlated with tangle, plaque, and WML, but not CAA or CoW atherosclerosis. Among cerebrovascular pathologies, medin was the strongest predictor of AD diagnosis, whereas CoW atherosclerosis and arteriole medin were predictors of VaD. DISCUSSION Cerebral arteriole medin is associated with and could be a potential novel risk factor or biomarker for AD and VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Q. Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPhoenixArizonaUSA
- University of Arizona College of Medicine‐PhoenixPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - Nina Karamanova
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - Seth Truran
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPhoenixArizonaUSA
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Younger S, Jang H, Davies HA, Niemiec MJ, Garcia JGN, Nussinov R, Migrino RQ, Madine J, Arce FT. Medin Oligomer Membrane Pore Formation: A Potential Mechanism of Vascular Dysfunction. Biophys J 2020; 118:2769-2782. [PMID: 32402244 PMCID: PMC7264854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Medin, a 50-amino-acid cleavage product of the milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein, is one of the most common forms of localized amyloid found in the vasculature of individuals older than 50 years. Medin induces endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, yet despite its prevalence in the human aorta and multiple arterial beds, little is known about the nature of its pathology. Medin oligomers have been implicated in the pathology of aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and more recently, vascular dementia. Recent in vitro biomechanical measurements found increased oligomer levels in aneurysm patients with altered aortic wall integrity. Our results suggest an oligomer-mediated toxicity mechanism for medin pathology. Using lipid bilayer electrophysiology, we show that medin oligomers induce ionic membrane permeability by pore formation. Pore activity was primarily observed for preaggregated medin species from the growth-phase and rarely for lag-phase species. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging of medin aggregates at different stages of aggregation revealed the gradual formation of flat domains resembling the morphology of supported lipid bilayers. Transmission electron microscopy images showed the coexistence of compact oligomers, largely consistent with the AFM data, and larger protofibrillar structures. Circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed the presence of largely disordered species and suggested the presence of β-sheets. This observation and the significantly lower thioflavin T fluorescence emitted by medin aggregates compared to amyloid-β fibrils, along with the absence of amyloid fibers in the AFM and transmission electron microscopy images, suggest that medin aggregation into pores follows a nonamyloidogenic pathway. In silico modeling by molecular dynamics simulations provides atomic-level structural detail of medin pores with the CNpNC barrel topology and diameters comparable to values estimated from experimental pore conductances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Younger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Hyunbum Jang
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hannah A Davies
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Niemiec
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Computational Structural Biology Section, Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Office of Research, Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Jillian Madine
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando T Arce
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
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17
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Karamanova N, Truran S, Serrano GE, Beach TG, Madine J, Weissig V, Davies HA, Veldhuizen J, Nikkhah M, Hansen M, Zhang W, D'Souza K, Franco DA, Migrino RQ. Endothelial Immune Activation by Medin: Potential Role in Cerebrovascular Disease and Reversal by Monosialoganglioside-Containing Nanoliposomes. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e014810. [PMID: 31928157 PMCID: PMC7033828 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.014810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The function of medin, one of the most common human amyloid proteins that accumulates in the vasculature with aging, remains unknown. We aim to probe medin's role in cerebrovascular disease by comparing cerebral arterial medin content between cognitively normal and vascular dementia (VaD) patients and studying its effects on endothelial cell (EC) immune activation and neuroinflammation. We also tested whether monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes could reverse medin's adverse effects. Methods and Results Cerebral artery medin and astrocyte activation were measured and compared between VaD and cognitively normal elderly brain donors. ECs were exposed to physiologic dose of medin (5 μmol/L), and viability and immune activation (interleukin‐8, interleukin‐6, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1) were measured without or with monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes (300 μg/mL). Astrocytes were exposed to vehicle, medin, medin‐treated ECs, or their conditioned media, and interleukin‐8 production was compared. Cerebral collateral arterial and parenchymal arteriole medin, white matter lesion scores, and astrocyte activation were higher in VaD versus cognitively normal donors. Medin induced EC immune activation (increased interleukin‐8, interleukin‐6, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1) and reduced EC viability, which were reversed by monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes. Interleukin‐8 production was augmented when astrocytes were exposed to medin‐treated ECs or their conditioned media. Conclusions Cerebral arterial medin is higher in VaD compared with cognitively normal patients. Medin induces EC immune activation that modulates astrocyte activation, and its effects are reversed by monosialoganglioside‐containing nanoliposomes. Medin is a candidate novel risk factor for aging‐related cerebrovascular disease and VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Phoenix AZ.,Arizona State University Tempe AZ
| | | | | | | | | | - Raymond Q Migrino
- Phoenix Veterans Affairs Phoenix AZ.,University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix AZ
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