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Drug Delivery Strategies and Biomedical Significance of Hydrogels: Translational Considerations. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030574. [PMID: 35335950 PMCID: PMC8950534 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are a promising and attractive option as polymeric gel networks, which have immensely fascinated researchers across the globe because of their outstanding characteristics such as elevated swellability, the permeability of oxygen at a high rate, good biocompatibility, easy loading, and drug release. Hydrogels have been extensively used for several purposes in the biomedical sector using versatile polymers of synthetic and natural origin. This review focuses on functional polymeric materials for the fabrication of hydrogels, evaluation of different parameters of biocompatibility and stability, and their application as carriers for drugs delivery, tissue engineering and other therapeutic purposes. The outcome of various studies on the use of hydrogels in different segments and how they have been appropriately altered in numerous ways to attain the desired targeted delivery of therapeutic agents is summarized. Patents and clinical trials conducted on hydrogel-based products, along with scale-up translation, are also mentioned in detail. Finally, the potential of the hydrogel in the biomedical sector is discussed, along with its further possibilities for improvement for the development of sophisticated smart hydrogels with pivotal biomedical functions.
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Cho KW, Sunwoo SH, Hong YJ, Koo JH, Kim JH, Baik S, Hyeon T, Kim DH. Soft Bioelectronics Based on Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2021; 122:5068-5143. [PMID: 34962131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanostructured materials and unconventional device designs have transformed the bioelectronics from a rigid and bulky form into a soft and ultrathin form and brought enormous advantages to the bioelectronics. For example, mechanical deformability of the soft bioelectronics and thus its conformal contact onto soft curved organs such as brain, heart, and skin have allowed researchers to measure high-quality biosignals, deliver real-time feedback treatments, and lower long-term side-effects in vivo. Here, we review various materials, fabrication methods, and device strategies for flexible and stretchable electronics, especially focusing on soft biointegrated electronics using nanomaterials and their composites. First, we summarize top-down material processing and bottom-up synthesis methods of various nanomaterials. Next, we discuss state-of-the-art technologies for intrinsically stretchable nanocomposites composed of nanostructured materials incorporated in elastomers or hydrogels. We also briefly discuss unconventional device design strategies for soft bioelectronics. Then individual device components for soft bioelectronics, such as biosensing, data storage, display, therapeutic stimulation, and power supply devices, are introduced. Afterward, representative application examples of the soft bioelectronics are described. A brief summary with a discussion on remaining challenges concludes the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Won Cho
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyuk Sunwoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Joseph Hong
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hoon Koo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Baik
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Teixeira MO, Antunes JC, Felgueiras HP. Recent Advances in Fiber-Hydrogel Composites for Wound Healing and Drug Delivery Systems. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:248. [PMID: 33801438 PMCID: PMC8001440 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, much research has been done to fasten wound healing and target-direct drug delivery. Hydrogel-based scaffolds have been a recurrent solution in both cases, with some reaching already the market, even though their mechanical stability remains a challenge. To overcome this limitation, reinforcement of hydrogels with fibers has been explored. The structural resemblance of fiber-hydrogel composites to natural tissues has been a driving force for the optimization and exploration of these systems in biomedicine. Indeed, the combination of hydrogel-forming techniques and fiber spinning approaches has been crucial in the development of scaffolding systems with improved mechanical strength and medicinal properties. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the recently developed fiber-hydrogel composite strategies for wound healing and drug delivery is provided. The methodologies employed in fiber and hydrogel formation are also highlighted, together with the most compatible polymer combinations, as well as drug incorporation approaches creating stimuli-sensitive and triggered drug release towards an enhanced host response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helena P. Felgueiras
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Department of Textile Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.O.T.); (J.C.A.)
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Ullah B, Khan SR, Ali S, Jamil S. Synthesis, parameters, properties and applications of responsive molecularly imprinted microgels: a review. REV CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Responsive molecularly imprinted microgels (MIGs) have gained a lot of interest due to their responsive specificity and selectivity for target compounds. Study on MIGs is rapidly increasing due to their quick responsive behavior in various stimuli like pH and temperature. MIGs show unique property of morphology control on in-situ synthesis of nanoparticles in response of variation in reactant concentration. Literature related to synthesis, parameters, characterization, applications and prospects of MIGs are critically reviewed here. Range of templates, monomers, initiators and crosslinkers are summarized for designing of desired MIGs. This review article describes effect of variation in reactants combination and composition on morphology, imprinting factor and percentage yield of MIGs. Hydrolysis of similar templates using MIGs is also described. Relation between percentage hydrolysis and hydrolysis time of targets at different temperatures and template:monomer ratio is also analyzed. Possible imprinting modes of ionic/non-ionic templates and its series are also generalized on the basis of previous literature. MIGs are investigated as efficient anchoring vehicles for adsorption, catalysis, bio-sensing, drug delivery, inhibition and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burhan Ullah
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - Shanza Rauf Khan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - Sarmed Ali
- Department of Physics , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - Saba Jamil
- Department of Chemistry , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Cornell University , Ithaca , NY 14853 , USA
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Spontaneously and reversibly forming phospholipid polymer hydrogels as a matrix for cell engineering. Biomaterials 2020; 230:119628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Park YS, Lee Y, Jin YM, Kim G, Jung SC, Park YJ, Park KD, Jo I. Sustained release of parathyroid hormone via
in situ
cross‐linking gelatin hydrogels improves the therapeutic potential of tonsil‐derived mesenchymal stem cells for hypoparathyroidism. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1747-e1756. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Shin Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Ewha Tonsil‐derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Research Center (ETSRC), School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural SciencesChungbuk National University Cheongju Republic of Korea
| | - Yunki Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and TechnologyAjou University Suwon Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Mi Jin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Ewha Tonsil‐derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Research Center (ETSRC), School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Gyungah Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Ewha Tonsil‐derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Research Center (ETSRC), School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Jung
- Ewha Tonsil‐derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Research Center (ETSRC), School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Park
- Department of Dental Regenerative BiotechnologyDental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Dong Park
- Department of Molecular Science and TechnologyAjou University Suwon Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Jo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Ewha Tonsil‐derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Research Center (ETSRC), School of MedicineEwha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea
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Park YS, David AE, Park KM, Lin CY, Than KD, Lee K, Park JB, Jo I, Park KD, Yang VC. Controlled release of simvastatin from in situ forming hydrogel triggers bone formation in MC3T3-E1 cells. AAPS JOURNAL 2012; 15:367-76. [PMID: 23250670 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-012-9442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Simvastatin (SIM), a drug commonly administered for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, has been recently reported to induce bone regeneration/formation. In this study, we investigated the properties of hydrogel composed of gelatin-poly(ethylene glycol)-tyramine (GPT) as an efficient SIM delivery vehicle that can trigger osteogenic differentiation. Sustained delivery of SIM was achieved through its encapsulation in an injectable, biodegradable GPT-hydrogel. Cross-linking of the gelatin-based GPT-hydrogel was induced by the reaction of horse radish peroxidase and H(2)O(2). GPT-hydrogels of three different matrix stiffness, 1,800 (GPT-hydrogel1), 5,800 (GPT-hydrogel2), and 8,400 Pa (GPT-hydrogel3) were used. The gelation/degradation time and SIM release profiles of hydrogels loaded with two different concentrations of SIM, 1 and 3 mg/ml, were also evaluated. Maximum swelling times of GPT-hydrogel1, GPT-hydrogel2, and GPT-hydrogel3 were observed to be 6, 12, and 20 days, respectively. All GPT-hydrogels showed complete degradation within 55 days. The in vitro SIM release profiles, investigated in PBS buffer (pH 7.4) at 37°C, exhibited typical biphasic release patterns with the initial burst being more rapid with GPT-hydrogel1 compared with GPT-hydrogel3. Substantial increase in matrix metalloproteinase-13, osteocalcin expression levels, and mineralization were seen in osteogenic differentiation system using MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with GPT-hydrogels loaded with SIM in a dose-dependent manner. This study demonstrated that controlled release of SIM from a biodegradable, injectable GPT-hydrogel had a promising role for long-term treatment of chronic degenerative diseases such as disc degenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Shin Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1065, USA
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Kimura M, Takai M, Ishihara K. Tissue-compatible and adhesive polyion complex hydrogels composed of amphiphilic phospholipid polymers. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 18:623-40. [PMID: 17550663 DOI: 10.1163/156856207780852541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the tissue adhesive function of a hydrogel composed of biocompatible amphiphilic polymers, polymers with various architectures were prepared from 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), electrolyte monomers and hydrophobic n-butyl methacrylate (BMA). A polyion complex (PIC) hydrogel was formed within a few minutes after aqueous solutions containing the cationic and anionic MPC polymers were mixed. Provided the electrical charge of the cationic and anionic MPC polymers was approximately balanced, the PIC hydrogel existed stably in a large amount of aqueous medium. The results of the fluorescence study of the MPC polymers suggested that dissociation was suppressed and that the electrostatic interaction was enhanced in the block and graft polymers compared to the random polymers. This is due to the strategically designed architectures and the hydrophobic BMA units. Based on the results of the cytotoxicity test, the cytotoxicity of the MPC polymers was lower than that of glutaraldehyde, a cross-linker contained in aldehyde-type tissue adhesives. The cationic MPC polymers demonstrated higher cytotoxicity compared to the anionic ones, which demonstrated no significant cytotoxicity at examined concentrations. The tissue adhesion of the PIC hydrogels was evaluated with a dura incision model. The results indicated that the tissue adhesion strength of the PIC hydrogel was lower than that of a commercially available fibrin glue. However, the tissue adhesion strength increased with an increase in the polymer concentration and could be controlled by the water content of the hydrogel. Although further investigation of the biocompatibility of the PIC hydrogels and control of the water content is crucial, it can be concluded that the PIC hydrogels formed by the amphiphilic MPC polymers can be promising tissue adhesives which demonstrate properties according to the architectures and chemical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuna Kimura
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, and Center for NanoBio Integration, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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Yao Y, Fukazawa K, Huang N, Ishihara K. Effects of 3,4-dihydrophenyl groups in water-soluble phospholipid polymer on stable surface modification of titanium alloy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 88:215-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Monge S, Canniccioni B, Graillot A, Robin JJ. Phosphorus-Containing Polymers: A Great Opportunity for the Biomedical Field. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:1973-82. [DOI: 10.1021/bm2004803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Monge
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1 - Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Université Montpellier II cc1702, Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Benjamin Canniccioni
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1 - Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Université Montpellier II cc1702, Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Alain Graillot
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1 - Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Université Montpellier II cc1702, Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Jean-Jacques Robin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR5253 CNRS-UM2-ENSCM-UM1 - Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Université Montpellier II cc1702, Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
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13
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Cytocompatible Hydrogel Composed of Phospholipid Polymers for Regulation of Cell Functions. POLYMERS IN NANOMEDICINE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ishiyama N, Moro T, Ishihara K, Ohe T, Miura T, Konno T, Ohyama T, Kimura M, Kyomoto M, Nakamura K, Kawaguchi H. The prevention of peritendinous adhesions by a phospholipid polymer hydrogel formed in situ by spontaneous intermolecular interactions. Biomaterials 2010; 31:4009-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Abstract
This manuscript presents hydrogels (HGs) from a tissue engineering perspective being especially written for those who are approaching this field by offering a concise but inclusive review of hydrogel synthesis, properties, characterization methods, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biancamaria Baroli
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università di Cagliari, Via Ospedale, 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
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Abstract
We investigated phospholipid polymer hydrogels containing Fe3+ ions (PMA/PMB/Fe
hydrogel) for their use as antiadhesive materials in the healing tissues. These hydrogels were
prepared from the aqueous solutions of poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-comethacrylic
acid) (PMA) and poly(MPC-co-n-butyl methacrylate) (PMB). The PMA/PMB hydrogel
is formed by the intermolecular interactions between PMA and PMB, and it reversibly dissociates
under physiological conditions. The addition of Fe3+ ions could control the gelation time and the
dissociation time. Mechanical properties such as the gelation time and viscoelastic properties can be
controlled by the FeCl3 concentration. With regard to biocompatibility, no evidence of
inflammation was observed in vivo. Therefore, the PMA/PMB/Fe hydrogel has a potential to be
used as an antiadhesive material.
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Kimura M, Takai M, Ishihara K. Biocompatibility and drug release behavior of spontaneously formed phospholipid polymer hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2007; 80:45-54. [PMID: 16958047 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) moieties were formed from aqueous solutions with water-soluble MPC polymers with carboxylic acid and alkyl groups because of hydrogen bonding formation. To investigate the biocompatibility and drug release behavior of the hydrogels, we used random- and block-type carboxylic acid MPC polymers, such as poly [MPC-co-methacrylic acid (MA)] (rPMA), poly[MPC-co-4-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) trimellitic acid (MET)] (rPMT), poly (MA-block-MPC-block-MA) (bPMA) and poly(MET-block-MPC-block-MET) (bPMT), and alkyl MPC polymers, such as poly[MPC-co-n-butyl methacrylate] (PMB) and poly(MPC-co-benzyl methacrylate) (PMBz). We investigated the biocompatibility of the spontaneously formed MPC polymer hydrogels by a hemolysis test and an in vivo injection test. The random MPC polymers having carboxylic acid groups expressed more hemolytic activity compared to the block polymers. The results of the in vivo injection test also indicated low biocompatibility of the carboxylic acid polymers especially at high concentration. The alkyl MPC polymers, the PMB and PMBz showed excellent biocompatibility in both hemolysis and in vivo injection test. However, the hydrogels, the rPMA/PMB hydrogel (rABgel) and the rPMT/PMBz hydrogel (rTZgel) lowered the hemolytic activity of elemental polymers, the rPMA and rPMT. Thus, suppression of the ionization of the carboxylic acid groups is necessary for biocompatibility. We also investigated the drug release behavior with attention to the interaction between the polymer and the drugs. The release behavior of a relatively low-molecular-weight hydrophilic drug, 5-fluorouracil, did not depend on the structure of the polymers. The higher-molecular-weight drugs, ketoprofen and indomethacin, were released faster from the block polymer hydrogel than the random polymer hydrogel, the rABgel, while the highest-molecular-weight drug, doxorubicin, was released faster from the random polymer hydrogel. A probable reason for this is the difference in the molecular structure; that is, the separated hydrophilic and hydrophobic sections in the block polymers constructed pathways where a drug can diffuse. In addition, the rTZgel suppressed the release of a drug with a large number of aromatic rings probably because of the stacking effect. The results of the compression test also suggested the existence of the stacking effect between the rTZgel and the drugs. Based on these results, control of drug release is possible by selecting a reservoir with an appropriate chemical structure to interact with the drug. For example, release of a relatively linear-structured drug with less aromatic rings can be suppressed in the rABgel rather than in the rTZgel. Thus, it can be concluded that if the ionization is suppressed, these MPC polymer hydrogels can be used as a material for a drug reservoir that can be selected according to the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuna Kimura
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, and Center for NanoBio Integration, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Kimura M, Fukumoto K, Watanabe J, Takai M, Ishihara K. Spontaneously forming hydrogel from water-soluble random- and block-type phospholipid polymers. Biomaterials 2005; 26:6853-62. [PMID: 15978662 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2005] [Accepted: 05/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The mixed aqueous solutions of two water-soluble phospholipid polymers, such as poly[2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine(MPC)-co-methacrylic acid(MA)] (rPMA) and poly[MPC-co-n-butyl methacrylate(BMA)] (PMB), spontaneously form a hydrogel at room temperature without any chemical treatment due to hydrogen bonding formation between the carboxyl groups. With the objective of enhancing the hydrogen bonding efficiency, we have focused on the density of the carboxyl groups by controlling the chemical structure and monomer unit sequence. Thus, a random and an ABA-block-type MPC copolymer having carboxylic acids, poly[MPC-co-4-(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) trimellitic acid(MET)] (rPMT) and poly(MA)-poly(MPC)-poly(MA) (bPMA), have been designed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the gelation mechanism and physical properties of a hydrogel composed of rPMA and PMB (ABgel), one of bPMA and PMB (bABgel), and one of rPMT and poly(MPC-co-benzyl methacrylate) (PMBz) (TZgel). The Raman spectroscopic analysis and the rheological study of the dissolution behaviors indicated that the TZgel formation occurred due to inter- and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding formation between the carboxyl groups in the rPMT. The gelation mechanism of the bABgel was investigated by the dynamic light scattering measurement, the scanning electron microscopy observation and the rheological study. The results showed that the bPMA chains aggregate in the aqueous medium and transform into a hydrogel network structure. The bPMA needed much more gelation time than the rPMA due to this transformation. There was no difference between the gelation periods of the ABgel and the TZgel. The compression strengths of the ABgel and the bABgel showed no significant difference, while that of TZgel was lower than ABgel. The reason for this is that the polymer chains and bulky side chains of rPMT inhibit rearranging into a planar conformation and forming hydrogen bondings. These results lead to the conclusion that the properties of these MPC polymer hydrogels can be controlled by not only the chemical structure of the polymer but also the monomer unit sequence containing carboxyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuna Kimura
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Nam K, Watanabe J, Ishihara K. Network structure of spontaneously forming physically cross-link hydrogel composed of two-water soluble phospholipid polymers. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nam K, Watanabe J, Ishihara K. The characteristics of spontaneously forming physically cross-linked hydrogels composed of two water-soluble phospholipid polymers for oral drug delivery carrier I: hydrogel dissolution and insulin release under neutral pH condition. Eur J Pharm Sci 2005; 23:261-70. [PMID: 15489127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2004.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2004] [Revised: 07/20/2004] [Accepted: 07/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels bearing a phospholipid polar group, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC), were prepared from two aqueous solutions of polymers, water-soluble poly[MPC-co-methacrylic acid (MA)] (PMA) and poly[MPC-co-n-butyl methacrylate (BMA)] (PMB). The hydrogel, which was formed by physical cross-linking spontaneously without any chemical reactions and/or any physical stimuli, showed a controllable insulin release through a pH change in the medium by changing the hydrogen bonds. In this study, the mechanical strength, erosion of the hydrogel caused by polymer dissociation, and the release of insulin were examined with attention to the following three parameters of the MPC polymer: molecular weight of the polymers, composition of PMA and PMB (PMA/PMB ratio), and polymer concentration inside the hydrogel. The hydrogel with the highest mechanical strength was obtained at a PMA/PMB ratio = 3/7 (v/v, by volume ratio) while the hydrogel with the slowest dissolution was obtained at a ratio of 5/5 (v/v). The release was in good match with the dissolution and followed anomalous transport for all, but the diffusion exponent n changed according to the PMA/PMB ratio. An increase in the polymer concentration inside the hydrogel caused an increase in the mechanical strength of the hydrogel. When the polymer concentration was more than 20 wt.%, the absorption of water under neutral pH condition (pH 6.8) was observed. The release of insulin was suppressed below 10% during the swelling process of the hydrogel under neutral pH condition, while release was accelerated during the erosion process of the hydrogel. The relationship between erosion of the hydrogel and the release of the insulin depended on the erosion process of the hydrogel but differed according to the PMA/PMB ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangwoo Nam
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Kurisawa M, Chung JE, Yang YY, Gao SJ, Uyama H. Injectable biodegradable hydrogels composed of hyaluronic acid–tyramine conjugates for drug delivery and tissue engineering. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:4312-4. [PMID: 16113732 DOI: 10.1039/b506989k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The sequential injection of hyaluronic acid-tyramine conjugates and enzymes forms biodegradable hydrogels in vivo by enzyme-induced oxidative coupling, offering high potential as a promising biomaterial for drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoichi Kurisawa
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, #04-01 Singapore 138669.
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