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Li D, Liu Y, Zhang W, Shi T, Zhao X, Zhao X, Zheng H, Li R, Wang T, Ren X. The association between the scarlet fever and meteorological factors, air pollutants and their interactions in children in northwest China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00484-024-02722-5. [PMID: 38884798 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Scarlet fever (SF) is an acute respiratory transmitted disease that primarily affects children. The influence of meteorological factors and air pollutants on SF in children has been proved, but the relevant evidence in Northwest China is still lacking. Based on the weekly reported cases of SF in children in Lanzhou, northwest China, from 2014 to 2018, we used geographical detectors, distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNM), and bivariate response models to explore the influence of meteorological factors and air pollutants with SF. It was found that ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), temperature, pressure, water vapor pressure and wind speed were significantly correlated with SF based on geographical detectors. With the median as reference, the influence of high temperature, low pressure and high pressure on SF has a risk effect (relative risk (RR) > 1), and under extreme conditions, the dangerous effect was still significant. High O3 had the strongest effect at a 6-week delay, with an RR of 5.43 (95%CI: 1.74,16.96). The risk effect of high SO2 was strongest in the week of exposure, and the maximum risk effect was 1.37 (95%CI: 1.08,1.73). The interactions showed synergistic effects between high temperatures and O3, high pressure and high SO2, high nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and high particulate matter with diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10), respectively. In conclusion, high temperature, pressure, high O3 and SO2 were the most important factors affecting the occurrence of SF in children, which will provide theoretical support for follow-up research and disease prevention policy formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yanchen Liu
- Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Nanshan District, Shenzhen city, 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Lanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 733000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Tianshan Shi
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiangkai Zhao
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou City, 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hongmiao Zheng
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Tingrong Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Ren
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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Luo C, Ma Y, Lu K, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhang T, Yin F, Shui T. How multiple air pollutants affect hand, foot, and mouth disease incidence in children: assessing effect modification by geographical context in multicity of Sichuan, southwest China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:263. [PMID: 38263020 PMCID: PMC10804470 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have suggested a significant association of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) with ambient air pollutants. Existing studies have characterized the role of air pollutants on HFMD using only risk ratio measures while ignoring the attributable burden. And whether the geographical context (i.e., diverse topographic features) could modulate the relationships is unclear. METHODS Daily reported childhood HFMD counts, ambient air pollution, and meteorological data during 2015-2017 were collected for each of 21 cities in Sichuan Province. A multistage analysis was carried out in different populations based on geographical context to assess effect modification by topographic conditions. We first constructed a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) for each city to describe the relationships with risk ratio measures. Then, we applied a multivariate meta-regression to estimate the pooled effects of multiple air pollutants on HFMD from the exposure and lagged dimensions. Finally, attributable risks measures were calculated to quantify HFMD burden by air pollution. RESULTS Based on 207554 HFMD cases in Sichuan Province, significant associations of HFMD with ambient air pollutants were observed mainly at relatively high exposure ranges. The effects of ambient air pollutants on HFMD are most pronounced on lag0 or around lag7, with relative risks gradually approaching the reference line thereafter. The attributable risks of O3 were much greater than those of other air pollutants, particularly in basin and mountain regions. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed significant pooled relationships between multiple air pollutants and HFMD incidence from both exposure and lag dimensions. However, the specific effects, including RRs and ARs, differ depending on the air pollution variable and geographical context. These findings provide local authorities with more evidence to determine key air pollutants and regions for devising and implementing targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiying Luo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Ma
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Lu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Li
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Yin
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Tiejun Shui
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China.
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Liu Y, You J, Dong J, Wang J, Bao H. Ambient carbon monoxide and relative risk of daily hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Lanzhou, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:1913-1925. [PMID: 37726554 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02550-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
At present, evidence of the associations between carbon monoxide (CO) and respiratory diseases (RD) in Northwest China is limited and controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of ambient CO on outpatient visits for RD in Lanzhou, China. The daily amount of outpatient visits for total and cause-specific RD, air pollutant, and weather variables were collected in Lanzhou, China from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2019. A generalized additive model and distributed lag nonlinear model were used to assess associations between CO and outpatient visits for RD. During the study period, a total of 1,623,361 RD outpatient visits were recorded. For each interquartile range (IQR) (0.77 mg/m3) increase in CO, the relative risk (RR) was 1.163 (95% CI: 1.138, 1.188) for total RD at lag07, 1.153 (95% CI: 1.128,1.179) for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) at lag07, 1.379 (95% CI: 1.338,1.422) for pneumonia at lag07, 1.029 (95% CI: 0.997,1.062) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) lag04, 1.068 (95% CI: 1.028,1.110) for asthma lag03, and 1.212 (95% CI: 1.178,1.247) for bronchitis lag07, respectively. In the subgroup analyses, the impacts of CO were more pronounced on total RD, pneumonia, COPD, and bronchitis in males than females, while the opposite was true in URTI and asthma. The impact of CO on RD was the strongest for children under 15 years-of-age. We also found significantly stronger effects during cold seasons compared to warm seasons. In addition, we observed a roughly linear exposure-response curve between CO and RD with no threshold effect. This study in Lanzhou revealed a remarkable association between CO level and an elevated risk of total and cause-specific RD outpatient visits, especially for pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaocong Liu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua You
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Dong
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Bao
- Department of Gerontal Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Villamil-Osorio M, Moyano-Ariza LF, Camacho-Moreno G, Restrepo-Gualteros SM, Sossa-Briceño MP, Rodriguez-Martinez CE. Multilevel analysis identifying the factors associated with RSV detection in infants admitted for viral bronchiolitis in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pediatr Pulmonol 2023; 58:2795-2803. [PMID: 37449772 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify factors independently associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) detection in infants admitted for viral bronchiolitis during 3 consecutive years, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Bogota, Colombia, a middle-income country with a subtropical highland climate. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, including patients with a diagnosis of viral bronchiolitis admitted to all the hospitals of the city between January 2019 and November 2021. We evaluated a set of a priori-selected predictor variables that included individual, healthcare system, meteorological, air pollutant, and COVID-19 variables. Since the variables analyzed are hierarchical in nature, multilevel modeling was used to identify factors independently associated with detection of RSV as the causative agent of viral bronchiolitis. RESULTS A total of 13,177 patients were included in the study. After controlling for potential confounders, it was found that age (odds ratio [OR] 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.97), a third level of medical care institution (OR 3.05; 95% CI 1.61-5.76), temperature (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.24-2.07), rainfall (OR 1.003, 95% CI 1.001, 1.005), NO2 (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.95-0.99), CO (OR 0.99; 95% CI 0.99-0.99), and COVID-19 pandemic period (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.71-0.99) were independently associated with RSV detection in our sample of patients. CONCLUSIONS The identified factors associated with RSV detection provide additional scientific evidence that may be useful in the development of specific interventions aimed at ameliorating or preventing the impact of RSV in Bogota and probably other similar low- to middle-income countries in high-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Villamil-Osorio
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, HOMI, Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la Misericordia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Luisa F Moyano-Ariza
- Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Investigation Group Epidemiology and Evaluation in Public Health, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Germán Camacho-Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, HOMI, Fundación hospital pediátrico la Misericordia, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Fundación Hospital Infantil Universitario de San José, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Sonia M Restrepo-Gualteros
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, HOMI, Fundación Hospital Pediátrico la Misericordia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Monica P Sossa-Briceño
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Carlos E Rodriguez-Martinez
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia
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Shen J, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Wang W, Qin P, Yang L. Temperature modifies the effects of air pollutants on respiratory diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:61778-61788. [PMID: 36933135 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing studies have reported temperature modification effects on air pollutants-induced respiratory diseases. In the current study, daily data of respiratory emergency room visits (ERVs), meteorological factors, and concentrations of air pollutants were collected from 2013 to 2016 in Lanzhou, a northwest city in China. Daily average temperature was stratified into low (≤ 25 percentile, P25), medium (25-75 percentile, P25-P75) and high (≥ 75 percentile, P75) to explore how temperature modifies the effects of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2) on respiratory ERVs by using generalized additive Poisson regression model (GAM). Seasonal modification was also investigated. Results showed that (a) PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 had the strongest effects on respiratory ERVs in low temperature; (b) males and 15-and-younger were more vulnerable in low temperature while females and those older than 46 years were highly affected in high temperature; (c) PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 were mostly associated with the total and both males and females in winter, while SO2 resulted in the highest risk for the total and males in autumn and females in spring. In conclusion, this study found significant temperature modification effects and seasonal differences on the risks of respiratory ERVs due to air pollutants in Lanzhou, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Shen
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- First People's Hospital of Dingxi, Dingxi, 743000, China.
| | - Wanci Wang
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Pengpeng Qin
- College of Atmospheric Sciences, Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lijie Yang
- Qingyang Meteorological Bureau, Qingyang, 745000, China
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Zhou J, Fan L, Lin H, Zheng D, Yang L, Zhuo D, Zhuoma J, Li H, Zhang S, Ruan Z. Size-specific particulate matter and outpatient visits for allergic conjunctivitis in children: a time-stratified case-crossover study in Guangzhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:33949-33959. [PMID: 36502478 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This time-stratified case-crossover study aims to quantify the risk of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) associated with short-term exposure to PMs (i.e., PM1, PM2.5, PMc, and PM10) among children in Guangzhou, China. We collected data on children's daily AC outpatient visits from the Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center during February 20, 2016 to December 31, 2018, and also extracted air pollution and meteorological data in the same time frame. We used conditional logistic regression model to estimate the associations between PMs and AC outpatient visits, and conducted subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age, and season. During the study period, we recorded 39,330 children's outpatient visits for AC, including 27,638 boys and 11,692 girls. The associations between PMs and AC were general linear with no clear threshold, which were largest at the current days but remained positive for lag 1 to 3 days. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in daily PM1, PM2.5, PMc, and PM10 concentrations, the estimated risks of AC outpatient visits at the current days increased by 2.5% (OR = 1.025, 95% CI: 1.011-1.039), 1.8% (OR = 1.018, 95% CI: 1.009-1.027), 2.1% (OR = 1.021, 95% CI: 1.004-1.039), and 1.3% (OR = 1.013, 95% CI: 1.007-1.020), respectively. In addition, our stratified analyses revealed that girls and children aged 1 to 6 years were more sensitive to PM exposure, and the PM-associated risks for AC were more apparent in autumn and winter. Our study suggests that short-term exposure to PMs may induce AC in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Jiangsu, 210096, Nanjing, China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangdong, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dehui Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Jiangsu, 210096, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayang Zhuoma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Jiangsu, 210096, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangdong, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangdong, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengliang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Gulou District, Jiangsu, 210096, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangdong, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
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Kumar R, Mrigpuri P, Sarin R, Saini JK, Yadav R, Nagori A, Kabra SK, Mukherjee A, Yadav G. Air pollution and its effects on emergency room visits in tertiary respiratory care centers in Delhi, India. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2023; 94. [PMID: 36843510 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2023.2511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution has harmful effects on human health, particularly the respiratory system. We aimed to study the impact of daily ambient air pollution on daily emergency room visits for acute respiratory symptoms. This study was conducted in two tertiary respiratory care centres in Delhi, India. Daily counts of emergency room visits were collected. All patients attending the emergency room were screened for acute onset (less than 2 weeks) of respiratory symptoms and were recruited if they were staying in Delhi continuously for at least 4 weeks and having onset (≤2 weeks) of respiratory symptoms. Daily average air pollution data for the study period was obtained from four continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations. A total of 61,285 patients were screened and 11,424 were enrolled from June 2017 to February 2019. Cough and difficulty in breathing were most common respiratory symptoms. Poor air quality was observed during the months of October to December. Emergency room visits with acute respiratory symptoms significantly increased per standard deviation increase in PM10 from lag days 2-7. Increase in wheezing was primarily seen with increase in NO2. Pollutant levels have effect on acute respiratory symptoms and thus influence emergency room visits. *************************************************************** *Appendix Authors list Kamal Singhal,1 Kana Ram Jat,2 Karan Madan,3 Mohan P. George,4 Kalaivani Mani,5 Randeep Guleria,3 Ravindra Mohan Pandey,5 Rupinder Singh Dhaliwal,6 Rakesh Lodha,2 Varinder Singh1 1Department of Paediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India 2Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 3Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 4Department of Environment, Delhi Pollution Control Committee, Kashmere Gate, New Delhi, India 5Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India 6Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi.
| | - Parul Mrigpuri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi.
| | - Rohit Sarin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi.
| | - Jitendra Kumar Saini
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi.
| | - Rashmi Yadav
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
| | | | - Sushil Kumar Kabra
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
| | - Arpana Mukherjee
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
| | - Geetika Yadav
- Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi.
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Song J, Qiu W, Huang X, Guo Y, Chen W, Wang D, Zhang X. Association of ambient carbon monoxide exposure with hospitalization risk for respiratory diseases: A time series study in Ganzhou, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1106336. [PMID: 36866098 PMCID: PMC9972102 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1106336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) exposure is associated with increased mortality and hospitalization risk for total respiratory diseases. However, evidence on the risk of hospitalization for specific respiratory diseases from ambient CO exposure is limited. Methods Data on daily hospitalizations for respiratory diseases, air pollutants, and meteorological factors from January 2016 to December 2020 were collected in Ganzhou, China. A generalized additive model with the quasi-Poisson link and lag structures was used to estimate the associations between ambient CO concentration and hospitalizations of total respiratory diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), and influenza-pneumonia. Possible confounding co-pollutants and effect modification by gender, age, and season were considered. Results A total of 72,430 hospitalized cases of respiratory diseases were recorded. Significant positive exposure-response relationships were observed between ambient CO exposure and hospitalization risk from respiratory diseases. For each 1 mg/m3 increase in CO concentration (lag0-2), hospitalizations for total respiratory diseases, asthma, COPD, LRTI, and influenza-pneumonia increased by 13.56 (95% CI: 6.76%, 20.79%), 17.74 (95% CI: 1.34%, 36.8%), 12.45 (95% CI: 2.91%, 22.87%), 41.25 (95% CI: 18.19%, 68.81%), and 13.5% (95% CI: 3.41%, 24.56%), respectively. In addition, the associations of ambient CO with hospitalizations for total respiratory diseases and influenza-pneumonia were stronger during the warm season, while women were more susceptible to ambient CO exposure-associated hospitalizations for asthma and LRTI (all P < 0.05). Conclusion In brief, significant positive exposure-response relationships were found between ambient CO exposure and hospitalization risk for total respiratory diseases, asthma, COPD, LRTI, and influenza-pneumonia. Effect modification by season and gender was found in ambient CO exposure-associated respiratory hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Weihong Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuezan Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - You Guo
- First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China,*Correspondence: Dongming Wang ✉
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China,Xiaokang Zhang ✉
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Lee MH, Mailepessov D, Yahya K, Loo LH, Maiwald M, Aik J. Air quality, meteorological variability and pediatric respiratory syncytial virus infections in Singapore. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1001. [PMID: 36653364 PMCID: PMC9848044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory illness among children. While studies have focused on the air-quality and climate dependence of RSV infections, few have been undertaken in South-East Asia where the burden of respiratory illness is among the highest across the globe. This study aimed to determine the relationships between climatic factors and air quality with RSV infections among children in Singapore. We obtained all laboratory-confirmed reports of RSV infections in children below 5 years old from the largest public hospital specializing in pediatric healthcare in Singapore. We assessed the independent cumulative effects of air quality and meteorological factors on RSV infection risk using the Distributed Lag Non-Linear Model (DLNM) framework in negative binomial models adjusted for long-term trend, seasonality and changes in the diagnostic systems. We included 15,715 laboratory-confirmed RSV reports from 2009 to 2019. Daily maximum temperature exhibited a complex, non-linear association with RSV infections. Absolute humidity (Relative Risk, 90th percentile [RR90th percentile]: 1.170, 95% CI: [1.102, 1.242]) was positively associated with RSV risk. Higher levels of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter of less than (i) 2.5 µm (PM2.5), (ii) 10 µm (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were associated with lower RSV infection risk. RSV infections exhibited both annual and within-year seasonality. Our findings suggest that falls in ambient temperature and rises in absolute humidity exacerbated pediatric RSV infection risk while increases in air pollutant concentrations were associated with lowered infection risk. These meteorological factors, together with the predictable seasonality of RSV infections, can inform the timing of mitigation measures aimed at reducing transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Han Lee
- Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology Division, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way #06-05/08, Helios Block, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Diyar Mailepessov
- Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology Division, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way #06-05/08, Helios Block, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Khairunnisa Yahya
- Environmental Monitoring and Modelling Division, National Environment Agency, 40 Scotts Road, #13-00, Singapore, 228231, Singapore
| | - Liat Hui Loo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore
| | - Matthias Maiwald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road Level 11, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Joel Aik
- Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology Division, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way #06-05/08, Helios Block, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. .,Duke-NUS Medical School, Pre-hospital and Emergency Research Centre, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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10
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Seah A, Loo LH, Jamali N, Maiwald M, Aik J. The influence of air quality and meteorological variations on influenza A and B virus infections in a paediatric population in Singapore. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114453. [PMID: 36183790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Influenza is an important cause of paediatric illness across the globe. However, information about the relationships between air pollution, meteorological variability and paediatric influenza A and B infections in tropical settings is limited. METHODS We analysed all daily reports of influenza A and B infections in children <5 years old obtained from the largest specialist women and children's hospital in Singapore. In separate negative binomial regression models, we assessed the dependence of paediatric influenza A and B infections on air quality and meteorological variability, using multivariable fractional polynomial modelling and adjusting for time-varying confounders. RESULTS Approximately 80% of 7329 laboratory-confirmed reports were caused by influenza A. We observed positive associations between sulphur dioxide (SO2) exposure and the subsequent risk of infection with both influenza types. We observed evidence of a harvesting effect of SO2 on Influenza A but not Influenza B. Ambient temperature was associated with a decline in influenza A reports (Relative Risk at lag 5 [RRlag5]: 0.949, 95% CI: 0.916-0.983). Rainfall was positively associated with a subsequent increase in influenza A reports (RRlag3: 1.044, 95% CI: 1.017-1.071). Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration was positively associated with influenza B reports (RRlag5: 1.015, 95% CI: 1.005-1.025). There was a non-linear association between CO and influenza B reports. Absolute humidity increased the ensuing risk of influenza B (RRlag5: 4.799, 95% CI: 2.277-10.118). Influenza A and B infections displayed dissimilar but predictable within-year seasonal patterns. CONCLUSIONS We observed different independent associations between air quality and meteorological variability with paediatric influenza A and B infections. Anticipated seasonal infection peaks and variations in air quality and meteorological parameters can inform the timing of community measures aimed at reducing influenza infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Seah
- Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology Division, National Environment Agency, 40 Scotts Road, Environment Building, #13-00, 228231, Singapore.
| | - Liat Hui Loo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Natasha Jamali
- Environmental Monitoring and Modelling Division, National Environment Agency, 40 Scotts Road, #13-00, 228231, Singapore.
| | - Matthias Maiwald
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore; Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road Level 11, 119228, Singapore.
| | - Joel Aik
- Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology Division, National Environment Agency, 40 Scotts Road, Environment Building, #13-00, 228231, Singapore; Pre-Hospital & Emergency Research Centre, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.
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11
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Jiang YX, Zhou LX, Yang LL, Huang QS, Xiao H, Li DW, Zhou YM, Hu YG, Tang EJ, Li YF, Ji AL, Luo P, Cai TJ. The association between short-term exposure to ambient carbon monoxide and hospitalization costs for bronchitis patients: A hospital-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112945. [PMID: 35202627 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) is associated with bronchitis morbidity, but there is no evidence concerning its correlation with hospitalization costs for bronchitis patients. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between short-term ambient CO exposure and hospitalization costs for bronchitis patients in Chongqing, China. Baseline data for 3162 hospitalized bronchitis patients from November 2013 to December 2019 were collected. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the association, delayed and cumulative, between short-term CO exposure and hospitalization costs. Additionally, subgroup analyses were performed by gender, age, season, and comorbidity. Positive association between CO and hospitalization costs for bronchitis patients was observed. The strongest association was observed at lag 015 days, with per 1 mg/m3 increase of CO concentrations corresponded to 5834.40 Chinese Yuan (CNY) (95% CI: 2318.71, 9350.08; P < 0.001) (845.97 US dollars) increment in hospitalization costs. Stratified analysis results showed that the association was more obvious among those males, elderly, with comorbidities, and in warm seasons. More importantly, there was strongest correlation between CO and bronchitis patients with coronary heart disease. In summary, short-term exposure to ambient CO, even lower than Chinese and WHO standards, can be associated with increased hospitalization costs for bronchitis. Controlling CO exposure can be helpful to reduce medical burden associated with bronchitis patients. The results also suggest that when setting air quality standards and formulating preventive measures, susceptible subpopulations ought to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lai-Xin Zhou
- Medical Department, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Li-Li Yang
- Department of Information, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Qing-Song Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue-Gu Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - En-Jie Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ai-Ling Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Tong-Jian Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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12
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Hao J, Peng L, Cheng P, Li S, Zhang C, Fu W, Dou L, Yang F, Hao J. A time series analysis of ambient air pollution and low birth weight in Xuzhou, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1238-1247. [PMID: 33406863 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1867828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between weekly specific maternal air pollution exposures and low birth weight. We fitted a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to analyze the nonlinear exposure-response association and delayed effects of air pollutants on the risk for low birth weight. The model assumed that all live births have 40 gestational weeks.The 1st week lag was the 40th gestational week, and 40th lag week was the 1st gestational week.The study included 71,809 live births (from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2019), of which 2,391 (3.33%) exhibited low birth weight. The results demonstrated that exposure of pregnant women to PM10 at lag 22-30 weeks was significantly associated with low birth weight risk, with the greatest impact at the lag 30 week. Exposure to SO2 at lag 29-37 weeks was significantly associated with low birth weight risk. The sensitive exposure window for NO2 began at lag 25-37 weeks of pregnancy. The lag 6-10 weeks constituted the susceptible exposure window for O3. Therefore we concluded that maternal exposures to PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3 were associated with increased risk for low birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Hao
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weinan Fu
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lianjie Dou
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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13
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Huh H, Kim E, Yoon UA, Choi MJ, Lee H, Kwon S, Kim CT, Kim DK, Kim YS, Lim CS, Lee JP, Kim H, Kim YC. Ambient carbon monoxide correlates with mortality risk of hemodialysis patients: comparing results of control selection in the case-crossover designs. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2022; 41:601-610. [PMID: 35545219 PMCID: PMC9576453 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.21.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that environmental air pollution adversely affects kidney health. To date, the association between carbon monoxide (CO) and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has not been examined. Methods Among 134,478 dialysis patients in the Korean ESRD cohort between 2001 and 2014, 8,130 deceased hemodialysis patients were enrolled, and data were analyzed using bidirectional, unidirectional, and time-stratified case-crossover design. We examined the association between short-term CO concentration and mortality in patients with ESRD. We used a two-pollutant model, adjusted for temperature as a climate factor and for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter as air pollution variables other than CO. Results Characteristics of the study population included age (66.2 ± 12.1 years), sex (male, 59.1%; female, 40.9%), and comorbidities (diabetes, 55.6%; hypertension, 14.4%). Concentration of CO was significantly associated with all-cause mortality in the three case-crossover designs using the two-pollutant model adjusted for SO2. Patients with diabetes or age older than 75 years had a higher risk of mortality than patients without diabetes or those younger than 75 years. Conclusion Findings presented here suggest that higher CO concentration is correlated with increased all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients, especially in older high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ejin Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Una Amelia Yoon
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Mun Jeong Choi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soie Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kim
- Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University
- Correspondence: Ho Kim Institute of Health and Environment, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Room 708, Building 220, 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. E-mail:
| | - Yong Chul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Yong Chul Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea. E-mail:
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Guo X, Song Q, Wang H, Li N, Su W, Liang M, Sun C, Ding X, Liang Q, Sun Y. Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies between short-term exposure to ambient carbon monoxide and non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35707-35722. [PMID: 35257337 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although a growing number of original epidemiological studies imply a link between ambient pollution exposure and mortality risk, the findings associated with carbon monoxide (CO) exposure are inconsistent. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to evaluate the correlations between ambient CO and non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in China. Eight databases were searched from inception to 15 May 2021. A random-effect model was used to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses as well as sensitivity analyses were performed. The I square value (I2) was used to assess heterogeneity among different studies. The assessment of publication bias on included studies was examined by funnel plot and Egger's test. The influence of a potential publication bias on findings was explored by using the trim-and-fill procedure. Ultimately, a total of 19 studies were included in our analysis. The pooled relative risk for each 1 mg/m3 increase of ambient carbon monoxide was 1.0220 (95%CI: 1.0102-1.0339) for non-accidental mortality, 1.0304 (95%CI:1.0154-1.0457) for cardiovascular mortality, and 1.0318 (95%CI:1.0132-1.0506) for respiratory mortality. None of subgroup analyses could explain the source of heterogeneity. Exclusion of any single study did not materially alter the pooled effect estimates. Although it was suggestive of publication bias, findings were generally similar with principal findings when we explored the influence of a potential publication bias using the trim-and-fill method. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that exposure to ambient CO was positive with risk of deaths from all non-accidental causes, total cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases. Based on these findings, tougher intervention policies and initiatives to reduce the health effects of CO exposure should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxia Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanying Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- Internal Medicine, AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, 2900 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60657, USA
| | - Xiuxiu Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwei Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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15
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The Association of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Air Pollutants—A Population-Based Study. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Air pollutants are substances in the air that have harmful effects on humans and the ecological environment. Although slight elevations in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are commonly observed in apparently healthy persons, potential associations between CEA levels and chronic low-grade inflammation induced by air pollution have yet to be documented. We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to estimate the association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and the CEA. A total of 9728 participants from health examinations were enrolled for the analysis and linked with their residential air pollutant data including ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter (PM10). The results showed that every increase of 1 ppm O3 significantly increased the mean differences of the CEA blood concentration by 0.005 ng/mL. Each increase of 1 ppm CO significantly reduced the mean differences of the CEA blood concentration by 0.455 ng/mL. Although smoking and alcohol drinking also increased the CEA levels, with adjustment of these confounders we identified a significant association between serum CEA in the general population and levels of the air pollutants O3 and CO. In conclusion, the serum CEA concentrations and short-term air pollutants O3 and CO exposure were found to have a significant relationship; however, its mechanism is still unclear. Moreover, long-term air pollution exposure and changes in CEA concentration still need to be further evaluated.
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16
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Liu Y, Han X, Cui X, Zhao X, Zhao X, Zheng H, Zhang B, Ren X. Association Between Air Pollutants and Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Time Stratified Case-Crossover Design With a Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2021GH000529. [PMID: 35128294 PMCID: PMC8802523 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (AECOPD) as a respiratory disease, is considered to be related to air pollution by more and more studies. However, the evidence on how air pollution affect the incidence of AECOPD and whether there are population differences is still insufficient. Therefore, we select PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 as representatives combined with daily AECOPD admission data from 1 January 2015 to 26 June 2016 in the rural areas of Qingyang, northwestern China to explore the associations of air pollution with AECOPD. Based on a time-stratified case-crossover design, we constructed a distributed lag nonlinear model to qualify the single and cumulative lagged effects of air pollution on AECOPD. Stratified related risks by sex and age were also reported. The cumulative exposure-response curves were approximately linear for PM2.5, "V"-shaped for PM10, "U"-shaped for NO2 and inverted-"V" for SO2, CO and O3. Exposure to high-PM2.5 (42 μg/m3), high-PM10 (91 μg/m3), high-SO2 (58 μg/m3), low-NO2 (12 μg/m3), and high-CO (1.55 mg/m3) increased the risk of AECOPD. Females aged 15-64 were more susceptible under extreme concentrations of PM2.5, SO2, CO, and low-PM10 than other subgroups. In addition, adults aged 15-64 were more sensitive to extreme concentrations of NO2 compared with the elderly ≥65 years old, while the latter were more sensitive to high-PM10. High-SO2, high-NO2, and extreme concentrations of PM2.5 had the greatest effects on the day of exposure, while low-SO2 and low-CO had lagged effects on AECOPD. Precautionary measures should be taken with a focus on vulnerable subgroups, to control hospitalization for AECOPD associated with air pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Liu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xiaoli Han
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Administration Department of Nosocomial InfectionAffiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical CollegePingliangChina
| | - Xudong Cui
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xiangkai Zhao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Hongmiao Zheng
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Benzhong Zhang
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental HygieneSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Xiaowei Ren
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health StatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
- Now at Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
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17
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Li S, Peng L, Wu X, Xu G, Cheng P, Hao J, Huang Z, Xu M, Chen S, Zhang C, Hao J. Long-term impact of ambient air pollution on preterm birth in Xuzhou, China: a time series study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:41039-41050. [PMID: 33772720 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence witnesses the negative influence of air pollution on human health, but the relationship between air pollution and premature babies has been inconsistent. In this study, the association between weekly average concentration of air pollutants and preterm birth (PTB) was conducted in Xuzhou, a heavy industry city, in China. We constructed a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM), an ecological study, to access the associations between ambient air pollutants and PTB in this study. Totally, 5408 premature babies were included, and the weekly average levels of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO were 61.24, 110.21, 22.55, 40.55, 104.45, and 1.04 mg/m3, respectively. We found that PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 significantly increased the risk of PTB, and the susceptibility windows of these contaminants were the second trimester and third trimester (from 12 to 29 weeks). Every 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2, the greatest relative risk (RR) values and 95% confidence interval (CI) on PTB were 1.0075 [95% CI, 1.0019-1.0131], 1.0053 [95% CI, 1.0014-1.0092], 1.0203 [95% CI, 1.0030-1.0379], and 1.0170 [95% CI, 1.0052-1.0289] in lag 16th, 18th, 19th, and 20th gestational weeks, respectively. No significant influence of O3 and CO were found on preterm birth. Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of premature delivery was higher for younger pregnant women and in warm season. This finding shows that prenatal exposure to ambient air pollutants is associated with preterm birth, and there existed an exposure window period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, 46 Heping Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaochang Wu
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Geng Xu
- Xuzhou Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, 46 Heping Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jingwen Hao
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Center for Woman and Child Health, No. 38 Gongwan Road, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Xuzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - Shuting Chen
- Yunlong District Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Jiahu Hao
- Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Li M, Chen S, Zhao H, Tang C, Lai Y, Ung COL, Su J, Hu H. The short-term associations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations with meteorological factors and air pollutants in Southwest China: a time-series study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12914. [PMID: 34155257 PMCID: PMC8217527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and is projected to be the third by 2030. However, there is little evidence available on the associations of COPD hospitalizations with meteorological factors and air pollutants in developing countries/regions of Asia. In particular, no study has been done in western areas of China considering the nonlinear and lagged effects simultaneously. This study aims to evaluate the nonlinear and lagged associations of COPD hospitalizations with meteorological factors and air pollutants using time-series analysis. The modified associations by sex and age were also investigated. The distributed lag nonlinear model was used to establish the association of daily COPD hospitalizations of all 441 public hospitals in Chengdu, China from Jan/2015-Dec/2017 with the ambient meteorological factors and air pollutants. Model parameters were optimized based on quasi Akaike Information Criterion and model diagnostics was conducted by inspecting the deviance residuals. Subgroup analysis by sex and age was also performed. Temperature, relative humidity, wind and Carbon Monoxide (CO) have statistically significant and consistent associations with COPD hospitalizations. The cumulative relative risk (RR) was lowest at a temperature of 19℃ (relative humidity of 67%). Both extremely high and low temperature (and relative humidity) increase the cumulative RR. An increase of wind speed above 4 mph (an increase of CO above 1.44 mg/m3) significantly decreases (increases) the cumulative RR. Female populations were more sensitive to low temperature and high CO level; elderly (74+) populations are more sensitive to high relative humidity; younger populations (< = 74) are more susceptible to CO higher than 1.44 mg/m3. Therefore, people with COPD should avoid exposure to adverse environmental conditions of extreme temperatures and relative humidity, low wind speed and high CO level, especially for female and elderly patients who were more sensitive to extreme temperatures and relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory in Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Shengqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory in Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengxiang Tang
- School of Public Administration, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Lai
- State Key Laboratory in Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Carolina Oi Lam Ung
- State Key Laboratory in Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jinya Su
- School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory in Quality Research of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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19
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Ruan HL, Deng WS, Wang Y, Chen JB, Hong WL, Ye SS, Hu ZJ. Carbon monoxide poisoning: a prediction model using meteorological factors and air pollutant. BMC Proc 2021; 15:1. [PMID: 33648509 PMCID: PMC7923450 DOI: 10.1186/s12919-021-00206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While the influence of meteorology on carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning has been reported, few data are available on the association between air pollutants and the prediction of CO poisoning. Our objective is to explore meteorological and pollutant patterns associated with CO poisoning and to establish a predictive model. Results CO poisoning was found to be significantly associated with meteorological and pollutant patterns: low temperatures, low wind speeds, low air concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O38h), and high daily temperature changes and ambient CO (r absolute value range: 0.079 to 0.232, all P values < 0.01). Based on the above factors, a predictive model was established: “logitPj = aj - 0.193 * temperature - 0.228 * wind speed + 0.221 * 24 h temperature change + 1.25 * CO - 0.0176 * SO2 + 0.0008 *O38h; j = 1, 2, 3, 4; a1 = -4.12, a2 = -2.93, a3 = -1.98, a4 = -0.92.” The proposed prediction model based on combined factors showed better predictive capacity than a model using only meteorological factors as a predictor. Conclusion Low temperatures, wind speed, and SO2 and high daily temperature changes, O38h, and CO are related to CO poisoning. Using both meteorological and pollutant factors as predictors could help facilitate the prevention of CO poisoning. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12919-021-00206-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lin Ruan
- Department of Emergency, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, PR China
| | - Wang-Shen Deng
- Department of Emergency, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Emergency, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, PR China
| | - Jian-Bing Chen
- Guangxi Liuzhou Meteorological Bureau, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545001, PR China
| | - Wei-Liang Hong
- Guangxi Liuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545006, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Ye
- Department of Emergency, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Jun Hu
- Department of Respiration, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, PR China.
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20
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Qi J, Chen Q, Ruan Z, Qian ZM, Yin P, Liu Y, Liu J, Wang C, Yang Y, McMillin SE, Vaughn MG, Wang L, Lin H. Improvement in life expectancy for ischemic heart diseases by achieving daily ambient PM 2.5 standards in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 193:110512. [PMID: 33242488 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential impacts of daily ambient fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) exposure on year of life lost (YLL) due to ischemic heart diseases (IHD) remain uncertain. We aimed to estimate the improvement in IHD-related life expectancy by attaining the daily air quality standards of ambient PM2.5 in China. METHODS AND RESULTS This study was based on daily mortality data covering 96 Chinese cities from 2013 to 2016. Regional- and national-associations between IHD-related YLLs and daily PM2.5 were estimated by generalized additive models. We further evaluated the IHD-related avoidable YLLs with an assumption that the daily PM2.5 was below the ambient air quality standards of World Health Organization (WHO) and China, and calculated the improvement of life expectancy by dividing the avoidable YLLs by the overall number of IHD mortality. We totally recorded 1,485,140 IHD deaths from 2013 to 2016. At the national level, we found a positive association between IHD-related YLLs and daily PM2.5. Per 10 μg/m3 increment of four-day averaged ambient PM2.5 related to an increase of 0.40 IHD-related YLLs (95% CI: 0.28, 0.51). By achieving the WHO's air quality guideline, we estimated that an averaged number of 1346.94 (95% CI: 932.61, 1761.27) YLLs can be avoided for the IHD deaths in each city. On average, the life expectancy can be improved by 0.15 years (95% CI: 0.11, 0.19) for each death. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a nationwide picture of the life expectancy improvements by reaching the daily PM2.5 standards in China, indicating that people can live longer in an environment with higher air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Qi
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China; Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Zengliang Ruan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yunning Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiangmei Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Stephen Edward McMillin
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Lijun Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
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21
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Zhang X, Tang M, Guo F, Wei F, Yu Z, Gao K, Jin M, Wang J, Chen K. Associations between air pollution and COVID-19 epidemic during quarantine period in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115897. [PMID: 33126032 PMCID: PMC7573694 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global public health threaten. A series of strict prevention and control measures were implemented in China, contributing to the improvement of air quality. In this study, we described the trend of air pollutant concentrations and the incidence of COVID-19 during the epidemic and applied generalized additive models (GAMs) to assess the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 in 235 Chinese cities. Disease progression based on both onset and report dates as well as control measures as potential confounding were considered in the analyses. We found that stringent prevention and control measures intending to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, contributed to a significant decline in the concentrations of air pollutants except ozone (O3). Significant positive associations of short-term exposure to air pollutants, including particulate matter with diameters ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), particulate matter with diameters ≤10 μm (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with daily new confirmed cases were observed during the epidemic. Per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 (lag0-15), PM10 (lag0-15), and NO2 (lag0-20) were associated with a 7% [95% confidence interval (CI): (4-9)], 6% [95% CI: (3-8)], and 19% [95% CI: (13-24)] increase in the counts of daily onset cases, respectively. Our results suggest that there is a statistically significant association between ambient air pollution and the spread of COVID-19. Thus, the quarantine measures can not only cut off the transmission of virus, but also retard the spread by improving ambient air quality, which might provide implications for the prevention and control of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Mengling Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Fanjia Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Zhebin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Mingjuan Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, And Cancer Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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22
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Ruan Z, Qi J, Yin P, Qian Z(M, Liu J, Liu Y, Yang Y, Li H, Zhang S, Howard SW, Lin H, Wang L. Prolonged Life Expectancy for Those Dying of Stroke by Achieving the Daily PM 2.5 Targets. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2020; 4:2000048. [PMID: 33304609 PMCID: PMC7713556 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202000048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This time-series study collects data on stroke-related mortality, years of life lost (YLL), air pollution, and meteorological conditions in 96 Chinese cities from 2013 to 2016 and proposes a three-stage strategy to generate the national and regional estimations of avoidable YLL, gains in life expectancy and stroke-related population attributable fraction by postulating that the daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been kept under certain standards. A total of 1 318 911 stroke deaths are analyzed. Each 10 µg m-3 increment in PM2.5 at lag03 is associated with a city-mean increase of 0.31 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.44) years of life lost from stroke. A number of 914.11 (95% CI: 538.28, 1288.94) years of city-mean life lost from stoke could be avoided by attaining the WHO's Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) (25 µg m-3). Moreover, by applying the AQG standard, 0.11 (0.08, 0.15) years of life lost might be prevented for each death, and about 0.91% (95% CI: 0.62%, 1.19%) of the total years of life lost from stroke might be explained by the daily excess PM2.5 exposure. This study indicates that stroke patients can have a longer life expectancy if stricter PM2.5 standards are put in place, especially ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengliang Ruan
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jinlei Qi
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing100050China
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing100050China
| | - Zhengmin (Min) Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsCollege for Public Health & Social JusticeSaint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMO63104USA
| | - Jiangmei Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing100050China
| | - Yunning Liu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing100050China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Steven W. Howard
- Department of Health Management & PolicyCollege for Public Health & Social JusticeSaint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMO63104USA
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Lijun Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing100050China
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Yang Y, Qi J, Ruan Z, Yin P, Zhang S, Liu J, Liu Y, Li R, Wang L, Lin H. Changes in Life Expectancy of Respiratory Diseases from Attaining Daily PM2.5 Standard in China: A Nationwide Observational Study. Innovation (N Y) 2020; 1:100064. [PMID: 34557725 PMCID: PMC8454686 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2020.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although exposure to air pollution increases the risk of premature mortality and years of life lost (YLL), the effects of daily air quality improvement to the life expectancy of respiratory diseases remained unclear. We applied a generalized additive model (GAM) to assess the associations between daily PM2.5 exposure and YLL from respiratory diseases in 96 Chinese cities during 2013–2016. We further estimated the avoidable YLL, potential gains in life expectancy, and the attributable fraction by assuming daily PM2.5 concentration decrease to the air quality standards of China and World Health Organization. Regional and national results were generated by random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 861,494 total respiratory diseases and 586,962 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) caused death from 96 Chinese cities were recorded during study period. Each 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in 3-day moving average (lag02) was associated with 0.16 (95% CI: 0.08, 0.24) years increment in life expectancy from total respiratory diseases. The highest effect was observed in Southwest region with 0.42 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.62) years increase in life expectancy. By attaining the WHO's Air Quality Guidelines, we estimated that an average of 782.09 (95% CI: 438.29, 1125.89) YLLs caused by total respiratory death in each city could be avoided, which corresponded to 1.15% (95% CI: 0.67%, 1.64%) of the overall YLLs, and 0.12 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.17) years increment in life expectancy. The results of COPD were generally consistent with total respiratory diseases. Our findings indicate that reduction in daily PM2.5 concentrations might lead to longer life expectancy from respiratory death. This is a nationwide time-series study in 96 Chinese cities PM2.5 level was associated with increased risk of respiratory death PM2.5 level was associated with increased years of life lost of respiratory death Daily PM2.5 reduction might lead to longer life expectancy from respiratory death
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24
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Yang H, Yan C, Li M, Zhao L, Long Z, Fan Y, Zhang Z, Chen R, Huang Y, Lu C, Zhang J, Tang J, Liu H, Liu M, Guo W, Yang L, Zhang X. Short term effects of air pollutants on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases among children: A multi-city time-series study in China. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2020; 231:113638. [PMID: 33080524 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidence concerning short-term acute association between air pollutants and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases among children in a multi-city setting was quite limited. We conducted a time-series analysis to evaluate the association of six common air pollutants with hospital admissions for respiratory diseases among children aged 0-14 years in 4 cities (Guangzhou, Shanghai, Wuhan and Xining), China during 2013-2018. We used generalized additive models incorporating penalized smoothing splines and random-effect meta-analysis to calculate city-specific and pooled estimates, respectively. The exposure-response relationship curves were fitted using the cubic spline regression. Subgroup analyses by gender, age, season and disease subtype were also performed. A total of 183,036 respiratory diseases hospitalizations were recorded during the study period, and 94.1% of the cases were acute respiratory infections. Overall, we observed that increased levels of air pollutants except O3, were significantly associated with increased hospital admissions for respiratory disease. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 at lag 07, PM10 at lag 03 and per 1 mg/m3 increase in CO at lag 01 corresponded to increments of 1.19%, 3.58%, 2.23%, 0.51% and 6.10% in total hospitalizations, respectively. Generally, exposure-response relationships of PM2.5 and SO2 in Guangzhou, SO2, NO2 and CO in Wuhan, as well as SO2 and NO2 in Xining with respiratory disease hospitalizations were also found. Moreover, the adverse effects of these pollutants apart from PM2.5 in certain cities remained significant even at exposure levels below the current Chinese Ambient Air Quality Standards (CAAQS) Grade II. Children aged 4-14 years appeared to be more vulnerable to the adverse effects of PM2.5, SO2 and NO2. Furthermore, with the exception of O3, the associations were stronger in cold season than in warm season. Short-term exposure to PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO were associated, in dose-responsive manners, with increased risks of hospitalizations for childhood respiratory diseases, and adverse effects of air pollutants except PM2.5 held even at exposure levels below the current CAAQS Grade II in certain cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihua Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxiang Yan
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Long
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China
| | - Yali Fan
- Qinghai Provincial Women and Children's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Zhonggang Zhang
- Qinghai Provincial Women and Children's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Huang
- Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Congbin Lu
- Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianduan Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Wenting Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Liangle Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.
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25
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Ruan Z, Qian ZM, Xu Y, Yang Y, Zhang S, Hang J, Howard S, Acharya BK, Jansson DR, Li H, Sun X, Xu X, Lin H. How longer can people live by achieving the daily ambient fine particulate pollution standards in the Pearl River Delta region, China? CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126853. [PMID: 32344230 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has reported the effects of long-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution on years of life lost (YLL), but these effects may not represent the full impact. This study aims to estimate potential benefits in life time from adhering to daily ambient PM2.5 concentration standards/guidelines. METHODS This study evaluated the relationship between daily ambient PM2.5 level and YLL using a two-stage approach with generalized additive models and meta-analysis. Potential life expectancy gains were then estimated by presuming that daily PM2.5 levels were in compliance with the Chinese and WHO standards. In addition, the attributable fraction of YLL due to excess PM2.5 exposure was also calculated. RESULTS During 2013-2016, 459,468 non-accidental deaths were recorded in the six cities of Pearl River Delta, China. Each 10 μg/m3 increment in four-day average (lag03) level of PM2.5 was related to an increment of 13.31 [95% confidence interval (CI): 5.74, 20.87] years of life lost. Implementation of the WHO guidelines might avoid 180,980.83 YLLs (95% CI: 78,116.07, 283,845.60), which corresponded to 0.39 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.62) years of increased life time per death. Additionally, an estimated 0.15% (95% CI: 0.06%, 0.23%) or 2.04% (95% CI: 0.88%, 3.20%) of YLLs could be attributed to PM2.5 exposures higher than the Chinese or WHO guidelines, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that people might live longer by controlling daily PM2.5 concentration and highlights the need to adopt stricter standards in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengliang Ruan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Hang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Steven Howard
- Department of Health Management and Policy, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bipin Kumar Acharya
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daire R Jansson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Source-Specific Volatile Organic Compounds and Emergency Hospital Admissions for Cardiorespiratory Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176210. [PMID: 32867048 PMCID: PMC7503811 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge gaps remain regarding the cardiorespiratory impacts of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for the general population. This study identified contributing sources to ambient VOCs and estimated the short-term effects of VOC apportioned sources on daily emergency hospital admissions for cardiorespiratory diseases in Hong Kong from 2011 to 2014. We estimated VOC source contributions using fourteen organic chemicals by positive matrix factorization. Then, we examined the associations between the short-term exposure to VOC apportioned sources and emergency hospital admissions for cause-specific cardiorespiratory diseases using generalized additive models with polynomial distributed lag models while controlling for meteorological and co-pollutant confounders. We identified six VOC sources: gasoline emissions, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) usage, aged VOCs, architectural paints, household products, and biogenic emissions. We found that increased emergency hospital admissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were positively linked to ambient VOCs from gasoline emissions (excess risk (ER%): 2.1%; 95% CI: 0.9% to 3.4%), architectural paints (ER%: 1.5%; 95% CI: 0.2% to 2.9%), and household products (ER%: 1.5%; 95% CI: 0.2% to 2.8%), but negatively associated with biogenic VOCs (ER%: -6.6%; 95% CI: -10.4% to -2.5%). Increased congestive heart failure admissions were positively related to VOCs from architectural paints and household products in cold seasons. This study suggested that source-specific VOCs might trigger the exacerbation of cardiorespiratory diseases.
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Xu C, Fan YN, Liang Z, Xiao SH, Huang L, Kan HD, Chen RJ, Liu XL, Yao CY, Luo G, Zhang Y, Li YF, Ji AL, Cai TJ. Unexpected association between increased levels of ambient carbon monoxide and reduced daily outpatient visits for vaginitis: A hospital-based study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137923. [PMID: 32220730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a well-known "toxic gas". It represents a toxic inhalation hazard at high concentration and is commonly found in polluted air. However, a series of recent studies have suggested that low concentration of CO can also produce protective functions. This study was performed to investigate the association between ambient CO exposure and vaginitis outpatient visits. Daily baseline outpatient data of vaginitis from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015 were obtained from Xi'an, a heavily-polluted metropolis in China. The over-dispersed Poisson generalized additive model was applied to discover the relations between short-term ambient CO exposure and the number of vaginitis outpatient visits by adjusting day of the week and weather conditions. A total of 16,825 outpatient hospital visits for vaginitis were recorded. The mean daily concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) was well below Chinese and WHO guidelines. During the study period, increased levels of ambient CO was associated with reduced outpatient-visits through concurrent to lag 5 days, and the most significant association was evidenced at lag 05. A 0.1 mg/m3 increase in daily average CO at lag 05 corresponded to -1.25% (95%CI: -1.85%, -0.65%) change in outpatient-visits for vaginitis. Moreover, the association was more significant in those women aged 20-29 years. After adjustment for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NO2, and O3, the negative associations of CO with vaginitis kept significant, suggesting relative stability of effect estimates. In summary, this is the first evidence that increased ambient CO exposure can be related to reduced daily outpatient visits for vaginitis. The results of our study may not only help to establish more comprehensive understanding of the health effects of ambient air on vaginitis and other gynecological diseases, but also provide a clue to new potential interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China; Troop 94498 of PLA, Nanyang, China
| | - Yan-Ni Fan
- Medical Record Room of Information Department, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | | | | | - Hai-Dong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-Jie Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Gan Luo
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ai-Ling Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China.
| | - Tong-Jian Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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Wang X, Tian J, Li Z, Lai J, Huang X, He Y, Ye Z, Li G. Relationship between different particle size fractions and all-cause and cause-specific emergency ambulance dispatches. Environ Health 2020; 19:69. [PMID: 32552755 PMCID: PMC7301562 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-020-00619-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the relationship between different particle size fractions and emergency ambulance dispatches (EAD) remains limited and sparse. METHODS We collected daily data of EAD, ambient air pollution and meteorological data from 2014 to 2018 in Guangzhou, China. We used a generalized additive model with covariate adjustments to estimate the associations between different particle size fractions and EAD related to all-cause, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases. Several subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. RESULTS Significant associations were observed between PM2.5, PM2.5-10, PM10 and EADs. A 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 was associated with an increase of 0.98% (95% CI: 0.67, 1.28%), 2.06% (95% CI: 1.44, 2.68%), and 0.75% (95%CI: 0.53, 0.96%) in all-cause EAD, with an increase of 0.69% (95% CI: 0.00, 1.39%), 2.04% (95% CI: 0.64, 3.45%), and 0.60% (95%CI: 0.11,1.10%) in cardiovascular-related EAD, and an increase of 1.14% (95% CI: 0.25, 2.04%), 2.52% (95% CI: 0.72, 4.35%), and 0.89% (95%CI: 0.25,1.52%) in respiratory-related EAD at lag03, respectively. The results were robust in subgroup and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that PM2.5, PM2.5-10 and PM10 were significantly related with risks of all-cause and cause-specific EAD. More evidence of high quality may be needed to further support our results in this ecological study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology (CCEM), Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junzhang Tian
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology (CCEM), Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology (CCEM), Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology (CCEM), Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongcong He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zebing Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guowei Li
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Methodology (CCEM), Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Health research methods, Evidence, and Impact (HEI), McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Zalzal J, Alameddine I, El-Fadel M, Weichenthal S, Hatzopoulou M. Drivers of seasonal and annual air pollution exposure in a complex urban environment with multiple source contributions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:415. [PMID: 32500382 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Outdoor air pollution is a global health concern, but detailed exposure information is still limited for many parts of the world. In this study, high-resolution exposure surfaces were generated for annual and seasonal fine particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particulate matter (PM10), and carbon monoxide (CO) for the Greater Beirut Area (GBA), Lebanon, an urban zone with a complex topography and multiple source contributions. Land use regression models (LUR) were calibrated and validated with monthly data collected from 58 locations between March 2017 and March 2018. The annual mean (±1 SD) concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and CO across the monitoring locations were 68.1 (±15.7) μg/m3, 83.5 (±19.5) μg/m3, and 2.48 (±1.12) ppm, respectively. The coefficients of determination for LUR models ranged from 56 to 67% for PM2.5, 44 to 63% for the PM10 models, and 50 to 60% for the CO. LUR model structures varied significantly by season for both PM2.5 and PM10 but not for CO. Traffic emissions were consistently the main source of CO emissions throughout the year. The relative importance of industrial emissions and power generation sources towards predicted PM levels increased during the hot season while the contribution of the international airport diminished. Moreover, the complex topography of the study area along with the seasonal changes in the predominant wind directions affected the spatial predicted concentrations of all three pollutants. Overall, the predicted exposure surfaces were able to conserve the inter-pollution correlations determined from the field monitoring campaign, with the exception of the cold season. Our pollution surfaces suggest that the entire population of Beirut is regularly exposed to concentrations exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality standards for both PM2.5 and PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jad Zalzal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Alameddine
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mutasem El-Fadel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marianne Hatzopoulou
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Regional Variation of Hospitalization Rates for Asthma in Korea: Association with Ambient Carbon Monoxide and Health Care Supply. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041244. [PMID: 32075169 PMCID: PMC7068567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the hospitalization rate for asthma and the ambient carbon monoxide (CO) by examining regional variation of the hospitalization rates for asthma in Korea and its factors. The hospital inpatient claims for asthma were acquired from the National Health Insurance database in 2015. A multivariate linear regression was performed with the hospitalization rate for asthma as a dependent variable. The annual ambient concentration of CO showed a negative association with the hospitalization rates for asthma while that of sulfur dioxide showed a positive association. The number of primary care physicians showed a negative association with the hospitalization rates for asthma while the number of beds in hospitals with less than 300 beds showed a positive association. The negative association of the ambient concentration of CO with the hospitalization rates for asthma showed results upon further investigation.
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Qi J, Ruan Z, Qian Z(M, Yin P, Yang Y, Acharya BK, Wang L, Lin H. Potential gains in life expectancy by attaining daily ambient fine particulate matter pollution standards in mainland China: A modeling study based on nationwide data. PLoS Med 2020; 17:e1003027. [PMID: 31951613 PMCID: PMC6968855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ambient fine particulate matter pollution (PM2.5) is one leading cause of disease burden, but no study has quantified the association between daily PM2.5 exposure and life expectancy. We aimed to assess the potential benefits in life expectancy by attaining the daily PM2.5 standards in 72 cities of China during 2013-2016. METHODS AND FINDINGS We applied a two-stage approach for the analysis. At the first stage, we used a generalized additive model (GAM) with a Gaussian link to examine the city-specific short-term association between daily PM2.5 and years of life lost (YLL); at the second stage, a random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate the regional and national estimations. We further estimated the potential gains in life expectancy (PGLE) by assuming that ambient PM2.5 has met the Chinese National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS, 75 μg/m3) or the ambient air quality guideline (AQG) of the World Health Organization (WHO) (25 μg/m3). We also calculated the attributable fraction (AF), which denoted the proportion of YLL attributable to a higher-than-standards daily mean PM2.5 concentration. During the period from January 18, 2013 to December 31, 2016, we recorded 1,226,849 nonaccidental deaths in the study area. We observed significant associations between daily PM2.5 and YLL: each 10 μg/m3 increase in three-day-averaged (lag02) PM2.5 concentrations corresponded to an increment of 0.43 years of life lost (95% CI: 0.29-0.57). We estimated that 168,065.18 (95% CI: 114,144.91-221,985.45) and 68,684.95 (95% CI: 46,648.79-90,721.11) years of life lost can be avoided by achieving WHO's AQG and Chinese NAAQS in the study area, which corresponded to 0.14 (95% CI: 0.09-0.18) and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04-0.07) years of gain in life expectancy for each death in these cities. We observed differential regional estimates across the 7 regions, with the highest gains in the Northwest region (0.28 years of gain [95% CI: 0.06-0.49]) and the lowest in the North region (0.08 [95% CI: 0.02-0.15]). Furthermore, using WHO's AQG and Chinese NAAQS as the references, we estimated that 1.00% (95% CI: 0.68%-1.32%) and 0.41% (95% CI: 0.28%-0.54%) of YLL could be attributable to the PM2.5 exposure at the national level. Findings from this study were mainly limited by the unavailability of data on individual PM2.5 exposure. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that significantly longer life expectancy could be achieved by a reduction in the ambient PM2.5 concentrations. It also highlights the need to formulate a stricter ambient PM2.5 standard at both national and regional levels of China to protect the population's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Qi
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zengliang Ruan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengmin (Min) Qian
- College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bipin Kumar Acharya
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (HL)
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (LW); (HL)
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Tian Y, Liu H, Wu Y, Si Y, Li M, Wu Y, Wang X, Wang M, Chen L, Wei C, Wu T, Gao P, Hu Y. Ambient particulate matter pollution and adult hospital admissions for pneumonia in urban China: A national time series analysis for 2014 through 2017. PLoS Med 2019; 16:e1003010. [PMID: 31891579 PMCID: PMC6938337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution on pneumonia in adults are inconclusive, and few scientific data on a national scale have been generated in low- or middle-income countries, despite their much higher PM concentrations. We aimed to examine the association between PM levels and hospital admissions for pneumonia in Chinese adults. METHODS AND FINDINGS A nationwide time series study was conducted in China between 2014 and 2017. Information on daily hospital admissions for pneumonia for 2014-2017 was collected from the database of Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI), which covers 282.93 million adults. Associations of PM concentrations and hospital admissions for pneumonia were estimated for each city using a quasi-Poisson regression model controlling for time trend, temperature, relative humidity, day of the week, and public holiday and then pooled by random-effects meta-analysis. Meta-regression models were used to investigate potential effect modifiers, including cities' annual-average air pollutants concentrations, temperature, relative humidity, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, and coverage rates by the UEBMI. More than 4.2 million pneumonia admissions were identified in 184 Chinese cities during the study period. Short-term elevations in PM concentrations were associated with increased pneumonia admissions. At the national level, a 10-μg/m3 increase in 3-day moving average (lag 0-2) concentrations of PM2.5 (PM ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) and PM10 (PM ≤10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) was associated with 0.31% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15%-0.46%, P < 0.001) and 0.19% (0.11%-0.30%, P < 0.001) increases in hospital admissions for pneumonia, respectively. The effects of PM10 were stronger in cities with higher temperatures (percentage increase, 0.031%; 95% CI 0.003%-0.058%; P = 0.026) and relative humidity (percentage increase, 0.011%; 95% CI 0%-0.022%; P = 0.045), as well as in the elderly (percentage increase, 0.10% [95% CI 0.02%-0.19%] for people aged 18-64 years versus 0.32% [95% CI 0.22%-0.39%] for people aged ≥75 years; P < 0.001). The main limitation of the present study was the unavailability of data on individual exposure to PM pollution. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that there are significant short-term associations between ambient PM levels and increased hospital admissions for pneumonia in Chinese adults. These findings support the rationale that further limiting PM concentrations in China may be an effective strategy to reduce pneumonia-related hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Tian
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqin Si
- Beijing HealthCom Data Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Libo Chen
- Beijing HealthCom Data Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wei
- Beijing HealthCom Data Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (PG)
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (PG)
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Cheng H, Zhu F, Lei R, Shen C, Liu J, Yang M, Ding R, Cao J. Associations of ambient PM 2.5 and O 3 with cardiovascular mortality: a time-series study in Hefei, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2019; 63:1437-1447. [PMID: 31385092 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
China is among the countries with the worst air quality throughout the world. As PM2.5 was not included in the national air quality monitoring network before January 2013 in China, no study has investigated the associations of ambient PM2.5 and O3 with cardiovascular mortality in Hefei, China. In this time-series analysis, Poisson regression in generalized additive model was adopted to assess the associations between the air pollutants and cardiovascular mortality during the 2013-2015 in Hefei, China. The findings showed that the daily average level of PM2.5 and O3 was 77.8 μg/m3 and 60.1 μg/m3 in the study period, respectively. PM2.5 and O3 exposure tended to increase cardiovascular mortality, but the associations were statistically insignificant. Further stratified analyses by seasons showed that with every 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the cold season (October-March), the risk of cardiovascular death increased by 0.22% (95% CI 0.05%, 0.39%); while every 10 μg/m3 increase of O3 in the warm season (April-September), the risk of cardiovascular death increased by 1.29% (95% CI 0.26%, 2.33%) on Lag0. Interestingly, stratified analysis by gender showed that the associations of PM2.5, but not O3 exposure, could significantly increase cardiovascular mortality in females, but not males. The findings of this study especially underscored the adverse associations of PM2.5 and O3 exposure with females in specific seasons. More studies are needed to verify our findings and further investigate the underlying mechanisms. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Furong Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ruoqian Lei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chaowei Shen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Jiyu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Sun S, Cao W, Pun VC, Qiu H, Ge Y, Tian L. Respirable Particulate Constituents and Risk of Cause-Specific Mortality in the Hong Kong Population. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9810-9817. [PMID: 31361948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Emerging studies examined the associations of particulate matter constituents with nonaccidental and cardiorespiratory diseases, but few have investigated more specific causes of cardiorespiratory diseases or other system diseases, especially in Asia. We estimated the association between respirable particulate matter (PM10) constituents and a spectrum of deaths using a quasi-Poisson time-series model in Hong Kong. Positive associations were identified between cause-specific deaths and elemental carbon, organic carbon (OC), nitrate, and potassium ion (K+), but only the associations for OC and K+ were robust in the two-constituent models adjusting for other constituents. The estimated effects of OC were strongest on mortality from the respiratory system with cumulative percent excess risk (ER%) of 3.82% (95% CI: 0.96%, 6.92%) per interquartile range (6.7 μg/m3) increase over 7 days prior to death (lag0-7), especially for pneumonia (ER%: 4.32%; 95% CI: 0.70%, 8.26%). The digestive system was most sensitive to K+ with cumulative ER% of 6.74% (95% CI: 0.37%, 14.01%) per interquartile range (0.6 μg/m3) increase. This study indicates that PM10 constituents from biomass burning (OC and K+) were more toxic than other constituents for deaths in Hong Kong, especially for mortalities from respiratory and digestive systems. These findings should have potential biological and pollution control implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhi Sun
- School of Public Health , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
- Department of Epidemiology , Brown University School of Public Health , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Wangnan Cao
- Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, School of Public Health , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02912 , United States
| | - Vivian C Pun
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Hong Qiu
- School of Public Health , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Yang Ge
- School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30606 , United States
| | - Linwei Tian
- School of Public Health , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
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Luong LMT, Sly PD, Thai PK, Phung D. Impact of ambient air pollution and wheeze-associated disorders in children in Southeast Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 34:125-139. [PMID: 30753165 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Several systematic reviews have been conducted so far to examine the effect of air pollution on respiratory diseases, but there has not been a corresponding meta-analysis to estimate the effect sizes for wheeze-associated diseases/disorders, which is one of the leading causes of emergency department visits and hospitalizations for children worldwide. The aim of this review is to systematically evaluate the relationship between air pollution and risk of wheeze-associated disorders in children in Southeast Asia. We searched the relevant computerized databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane library) for indexed publications up to July 2018. Finally, eight studies were qualified for performing a random-effect meta-analysis to compute the pooled effect sizes. The results show that each increase of 10 μg/m3 in concentrations of PM2.5, PM1 was associated with 1-2% increase in risk of wheeze-associated disorders. Positive associations were found for PM10, SO2, NO2, NOx but no association was found for CO and O3. We confirmed the strong effect of fine particulate matters on respiratory health and recommend an updated meta-analysis should be done when more studies are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly M T Luong
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Children's Health and Environment Program, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Peter D Sly
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Children's Health and Environment Program, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Phong K Thai
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dung Phung
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Zhao Y, Hu J, Tan Z, Liu T, Zeng W, Li X, Huang C, Wang S, Huang Z, Ma W. Ambient carbon monoxide and increased risk of daily hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Dongguan, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 668:254-260. [PMID: 30852202 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The toxicity of high-concentration carbon monoxide (CO) on human health has previously been documented. However, the epidemiological evidence on the association between acute exposure to ambient CO and respiratory diseases is relatively lacking and controversial. OBJECTIVES To examine the short-term association between ambient CO and hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Dongguan, China. METHODS The number of daily hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases, and air pollution and meteorological data were collected from January 2013 to August 2017. A generalized additive model with a quasi-Poisson link was used to estimate the association between ambient CO concentration and the total number of hospital outpatient visits for all respiratory diseases and those for asthma, bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia. We further analyzed the effect of ambient CO by gender and age. RESULTS Over the study period, a 24-h mean concentration of ambient CO of 0.88 mg/m3 (below the limit for CO in China) and a total of 89,484 hospital outpatient visits for respiratory diseases were recorded. Ambient CO was found to increase the risk for asthma, bronchiectasis, pneumonia and the total number of respiratory diseases. The per interquartile range (IQR) increase in ambient CO at lag03 day corresponded to a 5.62% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.24%, 8.05%), 8.86% (95% CI: 4.89%, 12.98%), 6.67% (95% CI: 0.87%, 12.81%) and 7.20% (95% CI: 2.35%, 12.29%) increased risk in outpatient visits for all respiratory diseases, asthma, bronchiectasis and pneumonia, respectively. Each association was partially weakened after adjusting for co-pollutants. The effect of ambient CO on respiratory diseases appeared to be greater for females and the elderly. CONCLUSIONS Short-term exposure to ambient CO was associated with increased risk of outpatient visits for respiratory diseases. Our analysis may help to understand the health effects of low-levels of CO and provide evidence for the creation of air quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiju Zhao
- Department of Respirator Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 523905, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Zhenwei Tan
- Record Room, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 523905, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Caiyan Huang
- Department of Respirator Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 523905, China
| | - Shengyong Wang
- Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
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Ruan Z, Qian ZM, Xu Y, Wu J, Kan H, Yang Y, Acharya BK, Jiang C, Syberg KM, Iwelunmor J, Ma W, Lin H. Applying the concept of "number needed to treat" to the formulation of daily ambient air quality standards. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:665-670. [PMID: 30735966 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization sets up the Ambient Air Quality Guidelines mainly based on short-term and long-term health effects of air pollution. Previous studies, however, have generally revealed a non-threshold concentration-response relationship between air pollution and health, making it difficult to determine a concentration, below which no obvious health effects can be observed. Here we proposed a novel approach based on the concept of "number needed to treat", specifically, we calculated the reduction in air pollution concentrations needed to avoid one death corresponding to different hypothetical concentration standards; the one with the smallest value would be the most practical concentration standard. As an example, we applied this approach to the daily standard of ambient PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) in four Chinese cities. The calculation was based on the association between daily mortality and ambient PM2.5, which was examined by a generalized additive model with adjustment of important covariates. Significant associations were observed between PM2.5 and mortality. Our analyses suggested that it is appropriate to have 50 μg/m3 as the daily standard of ambient PM2.5 for the study area, compared to the current standard of which were directly adopted from the national standard of 75 μg/m3. This novel approach should be considered when planning and/or revising the ambient air quality guidelines/standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengliang Ruan
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, United States
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Program in Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, United States
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bipin Kumar Acharya
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chengsheng Jiang
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, 20742, United States
| | - Kevin M Syberg
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, United States
| | - Juliet Iwelunmor
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, United States
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, 511430, China.
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Tajudin MABA, Khan MF, Mahiyuddin WRW, Hod R, Latif MT, Hamid AH, Rahman SA, Sahani M. Risk of concentrations of major air pollutants on the prevalence of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in urbanized area of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:290-300. [PMID: 30612017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanisation in Malaysian cities poses risks to the health of residents. This study aims to estimate the relative risk (RR) of major air pollutants on cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations in Kuala Lumpur. Daily hospitalisations due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases from 2010 to 2014 were obtained from the Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz (HCTM). The trace gases, PM10 and weather variables were obtained from the Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia in consistent with the hospitalisation data. The RR was estimated using a Generalised Additive Model (GAM) based on Poisson regression. A "lag" concept was used where the analysis was segregated into risks of immediate exposure (lag 0) until exposure after 5 days (lag 5). The results showed that the gases could pose significant risks towards cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations. However, the RR value of PM10 was not significant in this study. Immediate effects on cardiovascular hospitalisations were observed for NO2 and O3 but no immediate effect was found on respiratory hospitalisations. Delayed effects on cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations were found with SO2 and NO2. The highest RR value was observed at lag 4 for respiratory admissions with SO2 (RR = 1.123, 95% CI = 1.045-1.207), followed by NO2 at lag 5 for cardiovascular admissions (RR = 1.025, 95% CI = 1.005-1.046). For the multi-pollutant model, NO2 at lag 5 showed the highest risks towards cardiovascular hospitalisations after controlling for O3 8 h mean lag 1 (RR = 1.026, 95% CI = 1.006-1.047), while SO2 at lag 4 showed highest risks towards respiratory hospitalisations after controlling for NO2 lag 3 (RR = 1.132, 95% CI = 1.053-1.216). This study indicated that exposure to trace gases in Kuala Lumpur could lead to both immediate and delayed effects on cardiovascular and respiratory hospitalisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Basit Ahmad Tajudin
- Center for Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Md Firoz Khan
- Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Rozita Hod
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hazuwan Hamid
- Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sufian Abd Rahman
- Center for Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mazrura Sahani
- Center for Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Wang Y, Yao C, Xu C, Zeng X, Zhou M, Lin Y, Zhang P, Yin P. Carbon monoxide and risk of outpatient visits due to cause-specific diseases: a time-series study in Yichang, China. Environ Health 2019; 18:36. [PMID: 31014335 PMCID: PMC6477706 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed inconsistent results on risk of increased outpatient visits for cause-specific diseases associated with ambient carbon monoxide (CO). METHODS Daily data for CO exposure and outpatient visits for all-causes and five specific diseases in Yichang, China from 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2017 were collected. Generalised additive models with different lag structures were used to examine the short-term effects of ambient CO on outpatient visits. Potential effect modifications by age, sex and season were examined. RESULTS A total of 5,408,021 outpatient visits were recorded. We found positive and statistically significant associations between CO and outpatient visits for multiple outcomes and all the estimated risks increased with longer moving average lags. An increase of 1 mg/m3 of CO at lag06 (a moving average of lag0 to lag6), was associated with 24.67% (95%CI: 14.48, 34.85%), 21.79% (95%CI: 12.24, 31.35%), 39.30% (95%CI: 25.67, 52.92%), 25.83% (95%CI: 13.91, 37.74%) and 19.04% (95%CI: 8.39, 29.68%) increase in daily outpatient visits for all-cause, respiratory, cardiovascular, genitourinary and gastrointestinal diseases respectively. The associations for all disease categories except for genitourinary diseases were statistically significant and stronger in warm seasons than cool seasons. CONCLUSION Our analyses provide evidences that the CO increased the total and cause-specific outpatient visits and strengthen the rationale for further reduction of CO pollution levels in Yichang. Ambient CO exerted adverse effect on respiratory, cardiovascular, genitourinary, gastrointestinal and neuropsychiatric diseases especially in the warm seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Chengye Yao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Chengzhong Xu
- Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3 Dalian Road, Yichang, 443005 China
| | - Xinying Zeng
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Maigeng Zhou
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3 Dalian Road, Yichang, 443005 China
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
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Nhung NTT, Schindler C, Dien TM, Probst-Hensch N, Künzli N. Association of ambient air pollution with lengths of hospital stay for hanoi children with acute lower-respiratory infection, 2007-2016. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 247:752-762. [PMID: 30721866 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The association between ambient air pollution and length of hospital stay (LOS) for children with lower-respiratory infection is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The association was examined using admission data for 75,432 children in Hanoi, aged 0-5 years, hospitalized with acute lower-respiratory infection (ALRI) and daily air pollutant levels in Hanoi between 2007 and 2016. We estimated the odds ratio of being discharged for an interquartile range (IQR) increment (IQR) of ambient pollutants during one to four days prior to admission date. We used pooled logistic regression models including a B-spline function of calendar time and terms describing the baseline odds, adjusting for meteorological factors, age, gender, residential location, week-day of admission, discharge on weekends or holidays, and number of respiratory hospitalizations one day prior to the discharge date. RESULTS An IQR increase in O3 concentrations (85.8 μg/m3) was associated with a 5% (95%CI: 2%-8%) decrease in the odds of discharge from hospital among children with ALRI. Results were similar for PM10, but only for children aged 2-5 years. For the other pollutants, corresponding associations were close to null or in the opposite direction. For example, increase in CO was associated with shorter LOS. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first investigation of the associations between lengths of hospital stays and air pollutant levels prior to hospitalization in Asian children. Increased levels of O3 prior to admission predicted prolonged hospitalizations. The inconsistencies in the findings for other pollutants call for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Christian Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Health Impacts of Exposure to Gaseous Pollutants and Particulate Matter in Beijing-A Non-Linear Analysis Based on the New Evidence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091969. [PMID: 30201896 PMCID: PMC6165060 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper aimed to estimate health risks focusing on respiratory diseases from exposure to gaseous multi-pollutants based on new data and revealed new evidence after the most stringent air pollution control plan in Beijing which was carried out in 2013. It used daily respiratory diseases outpatient data from a hospital located in Beijing with daily meteorological data and monitor data of air pollutants from local authorities. All data were collected from 2014 to 2016. Distributed lag non-linear model was employed. Results indicated that NO2 and CO had positive association with outpatients number on the day of the exposure (1.045 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.003, 1.089) for CO and 1.022 (95% CI: 1.008, 1.036) for NO2) (and on the day after the exposure (1.026 (95% CI: 1.005, 1.048) for CO and 1.013 (95% CI: 1.005, 1.021) for NO2). Relative risk (RR) generally declines with the number of lags; ozone produces significant effects on the first day (RR = 0.993 (95% CI: 0.989, 0.998)) as well as second day (RR = 0.995 (95% CI: 0.991, 0.999)) after the exposure, while particulate pollutants did not produce significant effects. Effects from the short-term exposure to gaseous pollutants were robust after controlling for particulate matters. Our results contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the dependencies between the change of air pollutants concentration and their health effects in Beijing after the implementation of promising air regulations in 2013. Results of the study can be used to develop relevant measures minimizing the adverse health consequences of air pollutants and supporting sustainable development of Beijing as well as other rapidly growing Asian cities.
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Liu H, Tian Y, Xiang X, Li M, Wu Y, Cao Y, Juan J, Song J, Wu T, Hu Y. Association of short-term exposure to ambient carbon monoxide with hospital admissions in China. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13336. [PMID: 30190544 PMCID: PMC6127141 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the acute effects of ambient carbon monoxide (CO) pollution on morbidity risk in developing countries is scarce and inconsistent. We conducted a multicity case-crossover study in 26 largest cities in China from January, 2014 to December, 2015 to examine the association between short-term exposure to CO and daily hospital admission. We fitted conditional logistic regression to obtain effect estimates of the associations. We also performed subset analyses to explore the health effects of CO at low levels. During the study period, a total of 14,569,622, 2,008,786 and 916,388 all-cause, cardiovascular and respiratory admissions were identified, respectively. A 1 mg/m3 increase in the CO concentrations corresponded to a 3.75% (95% CI, 3.63–3.87%), 4.39% (95% CI, 4.07–4.70%), and 4.44% (95% CI, 3.97–4.92%) increase in all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory admissions on the same day, respectively. The associations were robust to controlling for criteria co-pollutants. In subset analyses, negative effects of short-term CO exposure on hospital admission were observed at lower concentrations (<1 mg/m3), while positive effects were observed at higher concentrations (>2 mg/m3). In conclusion, current CO levels in China were significantly associated with increased daily hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China.,Medical Informatics Center, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Yaohua Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Yaying Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Juan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, 100191, Beijing, China.
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Wang X, Qian Z, Wang X, Hong H, Yang Y, Xu Y, Xu X, Yao Z, Zhang L, Rolling CA, Schootman M, Liu T, Xiao J, Li X, Zeng W, Ma W, Lin H. Estimating the acute effects of fine and coarse particle pollution on stroke mortality of in six Chinese subtropical cities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:812-817. [PMID: 29751339 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
While increasing evidence suggested that PM2.5 is the most harmful fraction of the particle pollutants, the health effects of coarse particles (PM10-2.5) have been inconclusive, especially on cerebrovascular diseases, we thus evaluated the effects of PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5 on stroke mortality in six Chinese subtropical cities using generalized additive models. We also conducted random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the overall effects across the six cities. We found that PM10, PM2.5, and PM10-2.5 were significantly associated with stroke mortality. Each 10 μg/m3 increase of PM10, PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 (lag03) was associated with an increase of 1.88% (95% CI: 1.37%, 2.39%), 3.07% (95% CI: 2.35%, 3.79%), and 5.72% (95% CI: 3.82%, 7.65%) in overall stroke mortality. Using the World Health Organization's guideline as reference concentration, we estimated that 3.21% (95% CI: 1.65%, 3.01%) of stroke mortality (corresponding to 1743 stroke mortalities, 95% CI: 896, 1633) were attributed to PM10, 5.57% (95% CI: 0.50%, 1.23%) stroke mortality (3019, 95% CI: 2286, 3777) were attributed to PM2.5, and 2.02% (95% CI: 1.85%, 3.08%) of stroke mortality (1097, 95% CI: 1005, 1673) could be attributed to PM10-2.5. Our analysis indicates that both PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 are important risk factors of stroke mortality and should be considered in the prevention and control of stroke in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510220, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Zhengmin Qian
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Panyu District of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Hua Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yin Yang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Institute of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Institute of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510220, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510220, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Craig A Rolling
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Mario Schootman
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 511430, China.
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Mahapatra PS, Jain S, Shrestha S, Senapati S, Puppala SP. Ambient endotoxin in PM 10 and association with inflammatory activity, air pollutants, and meteorology, in Chitwan, Nepal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:1331-1342. [PMID: 29033055 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endotoxin associated with ambient PM (particulate matter) has been linked to adverse respiratory symptoms, but there have been few studies of ambient endotoxin and its association with co-pollutants and inflammation. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to measure endotoxin associated with ambient PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter<10μm) in summer 2016 at four locations in Chitwan, Nepal, and investigate its association with meteorology, co-pollutants, and inflammatory activity. METHODS PM10 concentrations were recorded and filter paper samples were collected using E-samplers; PM1, PM2.5, black carbon (BC), methane (CH4), and carbon monoxide (CO) were also measured. The Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay was used for endotoxin quantification and the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activation assay to assess inflammatory activity. RESULTS The mean concentration of PM10 at the different locations ranged from 136 to 189μg/m3, and of endotoxin from 0.29 to 0.53EU/m3. Pollutant presence was positively correlated with endotoxin. Apart from relative humidity, meteorological variations had no significant impact on endotoxin concentration. NF-κB activity was negatively correlated with endotoxin concentration. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first measurements of ambient endotoxin associated with PM10 in Nepal. Endotoxin and co-pollutants were positively associated indicating a similar source. Endotoxin was negatively correlated with inflammatory activity as a result of a time-limited forest fire event during the sampling period. Studies of co-pollutants suggested that the higher levels of endotoxin related to biomass burning were accompanied by increased levels of anti-inflammatory agents, which suppressed the endotoxin inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Sarathi Mahapatra
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), G.P.O. Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Sumeet Jain
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujan Shrestha
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), G.P.O. Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Siva Praveen Puppala
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), G.P.O. Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal.
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Li Y, Xiao C, Li J, Tang J, Geng X, Cui L, Zhai J. Association between air pollution and upper respiratory tract infection in hospital outpatients aged 0–14 years in Hefei, China: a time series study. Public Health 2018; 156:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lin H, Wang X, Qian ZM, Guo S, Yao Z, Vaughn MG, Dong G, Liu T, Xiao J, Li X, Zeng W, Xu Y, Ma W. Daily exceedance concentration hours: A novel indicator to measure acute cardiovascular effects of PM 2.5 in six Chinese subtropical cities. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 111:117-123. [PMID: 29190528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily mean concentration cannot fully address the hourly variations of air pollution within one day. As such, we proposed a new indicator, daily exceedance concentration hours (DECH), to explore the acute cardiovascular effects of ambient PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameters less than 2.5μm). The DECH in PM2.5 was defined as daily total concentration-hours >25μg/m3. METHODS A generalized additive model with a quasi-Poisson link was applied to estimate the associations between day-to-day variation in PM2.5 DECH and day-to-day variation in cardiovascular mortality in six subtropical cities in Guangdong Province, China. RESULTS The analysis revealed significant associations between PM2.5 DECHs and cardiovascular mortality. A 500μg/m3∗h increase in PM2.5 DECHs at lag03 was associated with an increase of 4.55% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.59%, 5.52%) in cardiovascular mortality, 4.45% (95% CI: 2.81%, 6.12%) in ischemic cardiovascular mortality, 5.02% (95% CI: 3.41%, 6.65%) in cerebrovascular mortality, and 3.00% (95% CI: 1.13%, 4.90%) in acute myocardial infarction mortality. We further observed a greater mortality burden using PM2.5 DECHs than daily mean PM2.5 (6478 (95% CI: 5071, 7917) VS 5136 (95% CI: 3990, 6305)). CONCLUSION This study reveals that PM2.5 DECH is one important exposure indicator of ambient PM2.5 to measure its cardiovascular mortality effects in Pearl River Delta region; and that using daily mean concentration could under-estimate the mortality burden compared with this new indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Lin
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Shu Guo
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenjiang Yao
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
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Nhung NTT, Schindler C, Dien TM, Probst-Hensch N, Perez L, Künzli N. Acute effects of ambient air pollution on lower respiratory infections in Hanoi children: An eight-year time series study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 110:139-148. [PMID: 29128032 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower respiratory diseases are the most frequent causes of hospital admission in children worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Daily levels of air pollution are associated with lower respiratory diseases, as documented in many time-series studies. However, investigations in low-and-middle-income countries, such as Vietnam, remain sparse. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the short-term association of ambient air pollution with daily counts of hospital admissions due to pneumonia, bronchitis and asthma among children aged 0-17 in Hanoi, Vietnam. We explored the impact of age, gender and season on these associations. METHODS Daily ambient air pollution concentrations and hospital admission counts were extracted from electronic databases received from authorities in Hanoi for the years 2007-2014. The associations between outdoor air pollution levels and hospital admissions were estimated for time lags of zero up to seven days using Quasi-Poisson regression models, adjusted for seasonal variations, meteorological variables, holidays, influenza epidemics and day of week. RESULTS All ambient air pollutants were positively associated with pneumonia hospitalizations. Significant associations were found for most pollutants except for ozone and sulfur dioxide in children aged 0-17. Increments of an interquartile range (21.9μg/m3) in the 7-day-average level of NO2 were associated with a 6.1% (95%CI 2.5% to 9.8%) increase in pneumonia hospitalizations. These associations remained stable in two-pollutant models. All pollutants other than CO were positively associated with hospitalizations for bronchitis and asthma. Associations were weaker in infants than in children aged 1-5. CONCLUSION Strong associations between hospital admissions for lower respiratory infections and daily levels of air pollution confirm the need to adopt sustainable clean air policies in Vietnam to protect children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Christian Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Perez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Nhung NTT, Amini H, Schindler C, Kutlar Joss M, Dien TM, Probst-Hensch N, Perez L, Künzli N. Short-term association between ambient air pollution and pneumonia in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of time-series and case-crossover studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:1000-1008. [PMID: 28763933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution has been associated with respiratory diseases in children. However, its effects on pediatric pneumonia have not been meta-analyzed. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the short-term association between ambient air pollution and hospitalization of children due to pneumonia. We searched the Web of Science and PubMed for indexed publications up to January 2017. Pollutant-specific excess risk percentage (ER%) and confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using random effect models for particulate matter (PM) with diameter ≤ 10 (PM10) and ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and carbon monoxide (CO). Results were further stratified by subgroups (children under five, emergency visits versus hospital admissions, income level of study location, and exposure period). Seventeen studies were included in the meta-analysis. The ER% per 10 μg/m3 increase of pollutants was 1.5% (95% CI: 0.6%-2.4%) for PM10 and 1.8% (95% CI: 0.5%-3.1%) for PM2.5. The corresponding values per 10 ppb increment of gaseous pollutants were 2.9% (95% CI: 0.4%-5.3%) for SO2, 1.7% (95% CI: 0.5%-2.8%) for O3, and 1.4% (95% CI: 0.4%-2.4%) for NO2. ER% per 1000 ppb increment of CO was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.0%-1.9%). Associations were not substantially different between subgroups. This meta-analysis shows a positive association between daily levels of ambient air pollution markers and hospitalization of children due to pneumonia. However, lack of studies from low-and middle-income countries limits the quantitative generalizability given that susceptibilities to the adverse effects of air pollution may be different in those populations. The meta-regression in our analysis further demonstrated a strong effect of country income level on heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Heresh Amini
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schindler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Meltem Kutlar Joss
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tran Minh Dien
- Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Dong Da, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Perez
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nino Künzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Qin L, Gu J, Liang S, Fang F, Bai W, Liu X, Zhao T, Walline J, Zhang S, Cui Y, Xu Y, Lin H. Seasonal association between ambient ozone and mortality in Zhengzhou, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1003-1010. [PMID: 27981338 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-016-1279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Different seasonal health effects of ambient ozone (O3) have been reported in previous studies. This might be due to inappropriate adjustment of temperature in different seasons. We used daily data on non-accidental mortality and ambient air pollution in Zhengzhou from January 19, 2013 to June 30, 2015. Season-stratified analyses using generalized additive models were conducted to evaluate the seasonal associations with adjustment of temperature with different lagged days (lag0-1 for warm season, lag0-14 for cold season). We recorded a total of 70,443 non-accidental deaths in Zhengzhou during the study period. Significant associations were observed between ambient O3 and mortality in cold season. Every 10-μg/m3 increment of 24-h O3 of 1-day lagged time was associated with a 1.38% (95% CI 0.60, 2.16%) increase in all cause mortality, 1.35% (95% CI 0.41, 2.30%) increase in cardiovascular mortality, and 1.78% (95% CI 0.43, 3.14%) increase in respiratory mortality. Similar associations were observed when using daily 1- and 8-h maximum concentrations of O3. No significant association was found during warm season. This study suggests a more pronounced ozone-mortality association in cold season in Zhengzhou, and we suggest that different lagged temperatures should be considered when examining the seasonal health effects of ambient ozone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Qin
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianqin Gu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shijie Liang
- Science and Education Center, Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Weimin Bai
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | | | - Yingjie Cui
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Xu
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China.
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50
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Lin H, Liu T, Xiao J, Zeng W, Guo L, Li X, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Chang JJ, Vaughn MG, Qian ZM, Ma W. Hourly peak PM 2.5 concentration associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in Guangzhou, China. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2017; 27:333-338. [PMID: 27805624 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2016.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hourly peak concentration may capture health effects of ambient fine particulate matter pollution (PM2.5) better than daily averages. We examined the associations of hourly peak concentration of PM2.5 with cardiovascular mortality in Guangzhou, China. We obtained daily data on cardiovascular mortality and hourly PM2.5 concentrations in Guangzhou from 19 January 2013 through 30 June 2015. Generalized additive models were applied to evaluate the associations with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Significant associations were found between hourly peak concentrations of PM2.5 and cardiovascular mortality, particularly from ischemic heart diseases (IHD) and cerebrovascular diseases (CBD). Every 10 μg/m3 increment of hourly peak PM2.5 at lag 03 day was associated with a 1.15% (95% CI: 0.67%, 1.63%); 1.02% (95% CI: 0.30%, 1.74%) and 1.09% (95% CI: 0.27%, 1.91%) increase in mortalities from total cardiovascular diseases, IHD and CBD, respectively. The effects remained after adjustment for daily mean PM2.5 and gaseous air pollutants, though there was a high correlation between PM2.5 peak and PM2.5 mean (correlation coefficient=0.95). No significant association was observed for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In addition to daily mean concentration of PM2.5, hourly peak concentration of PM2.5 might be one important risk factor of cardiovascular mortality and should be considered as an important air pollution indicator when assessing the possible cardiovascular effects of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jen Jen Chang
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
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