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Marcoux V, Lok SD, Mondal P, Assayag D, Fisher JH, Shapera S, Morisset J, Manganas H, Fell CD, Hambly N, Cox PG, Kolb M, Gershon AS, To T, Sadatsafavi M, Khalil N, Wong AW, Wilcox PG, Ryerson CJ, Vu T, Johannson KA. Impact of surgical lung biopsy on lung function and survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a multi-centre registry cohort. Respirology 2024; 29:596-604. [PMID: 38436522 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Establishing an accurate and timely diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is essential for appropriate management and prognostication. In some cases, surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is performed but carries non-negligible risk. The objective of this retrospective study was to determine if SLB is associated with accelerated lung function decline in patients with IPF using the Canadian Registry for Pulmonary Fibrosis. METHODS Linear mixed models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to compare decline in forced vital capacity (FVC)%, diffusion capacity of the lung (DLCO%) and risk of death or lung transplantation between SLB and non-SLB patients. Adjustments were made for baseline age, sex, smoking history, antifibrotic use, and lung function. A similar analysis compared lung function changes 12 months pre- and post-SLB. RESULTS A total of 81 SLB patients and 468 non-SLB patients were included. In the SLB group, the post-biopsy annual FVC% decline was 2.0% (±0.8) in unadjusted, and 2.1% (±0.8) in adjusted models. There was no difference in FVC% decline, DLCO% decline, or time to death or lung transplantation between the two groups, in adjusted or unadjusted models (all p-values >0.07). In the pre-post SLB group, no differences were identified in FVC% decline in unadjusted or adjusted models (p = 0.07 for both). CONCLUSION No association between SLB and lung function decline or risk of death or lung transplantation was identified in this multi-centre study of patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Marcoux
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Stacey D Lok
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Prosanta Mondal
- Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Deborah Assayag
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jolene H Fisher
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shane Shapera
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Morisset
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hélène Manganas
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charlene D Fell
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nathan Hambly
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Gerard Cox
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Kolb
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea S Gershon
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Teresa To
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohsen Sadatsafavi
- Respiratory Evaluation Sciences Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nasreen Khalil
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alyson W Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pearce G Wilcox
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher J Ryerson
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thao Vu
- Population Health, Quality and Research, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kerri A Johannson
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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2
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Kalverda KA, Ninaber MK, Wijmans L, von der Thüsen J, Jonkers RE, Daniels JM, Miedema JR, Dickhoff C, Hölters J, Heineman D, Kant M, Radonic T, Shahin G, Cohen D, Boerrigter B, Nijman S, Nossent E, Braun J, Mathot B, Poletti V, Hetzel J, Dijkgraaf M, Korevaar DA, Bonta PI, Annema JT. Transbronchial cryobiopsy followed by as-needed surgical lung biopsy versus immediate surgical lung biopsy for diagnosing interstitial lung disease (the COLD study): a randomised controlled trial. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2024; 12:513-522. [PMID: 38640934 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An adequate diagnosis for interstitial lung disease (ILD) is important for clinical decision making and prognosis. In most patients with ILD, an accurate diagnosis can be made by clinical and radiological data assessment, but in a considerable proportion of patients, a lung biopsy is required. Surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is the most common method to obtain tissue, but it is associated with high morbidity and even mortality. More recently, transbronchial cryobiopsy has been introduced, with fewer adverse events but a lower diagnostic yield than SLB. The aim of this study is to compare two diagnostic strategies: a step-up strategy (transbronchial cryobiopsy, followed by SLB if the cryobiopsy is insufficiently informative) versus immediate SLB. METHODS The COLD study was a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in six hospitals across the Netherlands. We included patients with ILD with an indication for lung biopsy as assessed by a multidisciplinary team discussion. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the step-up or immediate SLB strategy, with follow-up for 12 weeks from the initial procedure. Patients, clinicians, and pathologists were not masked to the study treatment. The primary endpoint was unexpected chest tube drainage, defined as requiring any chest tube after transbronchial cryobiopsy, or prolonged (>24 h) chest tube drainage after SLB. Secondary endpoints were diagnostic yield, in-hospital stay, pain, and serious adverse events. A modified intention-to-treat analysis was performed. This trial is registered with the Dutch Trial Register, NL7634, and is now closed. FINDINGS Between April 8, 2019, and Oct 24, 2021, 122 patients with ILD were assessed for study participation; and 55 patients were randomly assigned to the step-up strategy (n=28) or immediate SLB (n=27); three patients from the immediate SLB group were excluded. Unexpected chest tube drainage occurred in three of 28 patients (11%; 95% CI 4-27%) in the step-up group, and the number of patients for whom the chest tube could not be removed within 24 h was 11 of 24 patients (46%; 95% CI 2-65%) in the SLB group, with an absolute risk reduction of 35% (11-56%; p=0·0058). In the step-up strategy, the multidisciplinary team diagnostic yield after transbronchial cryobiopsy alone was 82% (64-92%), which increased to 89% (73-96%) when subsequent SLB was performed after inconclusive transbronchial cryobiopsy. In the immediate surgery strategy, the multidisciplinary team diagnostic yield was 88% (69-97%). Total in-hospital stay was 1 day (IQR 1-1) in the step-up group versus 5 days (IQR 4-6) in the SLB group. One (4%) serious adverse event occurred in step-up strategy versus 12 (50%) in the immediate SLB strategy. INTERPRETATION In ILD diagnosis, if lung tissue assessment is required, a diagnostic strategy starting with transbronchial cryobiopsy, followed by SLB when transbronchial cryobiopsy is inconclusive, appears to result in a significant reduction of patient burden and in-hospital stay with a similar diagnostic yield versus immediate SLB. FUNDING Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW) and Amsterdam University Medical Centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A Kalverda
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Maarten K Ninaber
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lizzy Wijmans
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan von der Thüsen
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - René E Jonkers
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johannes M Daniels
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jelle R Miedema
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chris Dickhoff
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Hölters
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - David Heineman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Merijn Kant
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amphia Hospital, Breda, Netherlands
| | - Teodora Radonic
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ghada Shahin
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Danielle Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bart Boerrigter
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Suzan Nijman
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther Nossent
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jerry Braun
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bas Mathot
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Venerino Poletti
- Department of Medical Specialties, Giovan Battista Morgagni Hospital, University of Forlì, Forlì, Italy; Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Hetzel
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany; Department of Pneumology, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Dijkgraaf
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daniel A Korevaar
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrij Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter I Bonta
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jouke T Annema
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Salisbury ML, Flaherty KR. Optimising the approach to ILD diagnosis: the balance of procedural complications against diagnostic accuracy. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2024; 12:500-501. [PMID: 38640935 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Salisbury
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Kevin R Flaherty
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Enomoto N. Relationship between idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) and connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD): A narrative review. Respir Investig 2024; 62:465-480. [PMID: 38564878 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
While idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) centering on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most prevalent interstitial lung disease (ILD), especially in the older adult population, connective tissue disease (CTD)-related ILD is the second most prevalent ILD. The pathogenesis of IPF is primarily fibrosis, whereas that of other ILDs, particularly CTD-ILD, is mainly inflammation. Therefore, a precise diagnosis is crucial for selecting appropriate treatments, such as antifibrotic or immunosuppressive agents. In addition, some patients with IIP have CTD-related features, such as arthritis and skin eruption, but do not meet the criteria for any CTD, this is referred to as interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). IPAF is closely associated with idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP) and cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP). Furthermore, patients with iNSIP or those with NSIP with OP overlap frequently develop polymyositis/dermatomyositis after the diagnosis of IIP. Acute exacerbation of ILD, the most common cause of death, occurs more frequently in patients with IPF than in those with other ILDs. Although acute exacerbation of CTD-ILD occurs at a low rate of incidence, patients with rheumatoid arthritis, microscopic polyangiitis, or systemic sclerosis experience more acute exacerbation of CTD-ILD than those with other CTD. In this review, the features of each IIP, focusing on CTD-related signatures, are summarized, and the pathogenesis and appropriate treatments to improve the prognoses of patients with various ILDs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan; Health Administration Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
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5
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Smith ML, Mino-Kenudson M, Butterfield RJ, Dacic S, Colby TV, Churg A, Beasley MB, Hariri LP. Pulmonary Pathology Society Survey on Practice Approaches in the Histologic Diagnosis of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: Consensus and Opportunities. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2024; 148:168-177. [PMID: 37226833 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0530-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— The pathologic diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) remains a challenging area, and application of histologic UIP guidelines has proved difficult. OBJECTIVE.— To understand current practice approaches by pulmonary pathologists for the histologic diagnosis of UIP and other fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). DESIGN.— The Pulmonary Pathology Society (PPS) ILD Working Group developed and sent a 5-part survey on fibrotic ILD electronically to the PPS membership. RESULTS.— One hundred sixty-one completed surveys were analyzed. Of the respondents, 89% reported using published histologic features in clinical guidelines for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in their pathologic diagnosis; however, there was variability in reporting terminology, quantity and quality of histologic features, and the use of guideline categorization. Respondents were very likely to have access to pulmonary pathology colleagues (79%), pulmonologists (98%), and radiologists (94%) to discuss cases. Half of respondents reported they may alter their pathologic diagnosis based on additional clinical and radiologic history if it is pertinent. Airway-centered fibrosis, granulomas, and types of inflammatory infiltrates were considered important, but there was poor agreement on how these features are defined. CONCLUSIONS.— There is significant consensus among the PPS membership on the importance of histologic guidelines/features of UIP. There are unmet needs for (1) consensus and standardization of diagnostic terminology and incorporation of recommended histopathologic categories from the clinical IPF guidelines into pathology reports, (2) agreement on how to incorporate into the report relevant clinical and radiographic information, and (3) defining the quantity and quality of features needed to suggest alternative diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell L Smith
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Smith, Colby)
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Mino-Kenudson, Hariri)
| | | | - Sanja Dacic
- the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dacic)
| | - Thomas V Colby
- From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Smith, Colby)
| | - Andrew Churg
- the Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Churg)
| | - Mary Beth Beasley
- the Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York (Beasley)
| | - Lida P Hariri
- the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (Mino-Kenudson, Hariri)
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6
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Otoshi R, Kitamura H, Baba T, Muraoka T, Sekine A, Takemura T, Okudela K, Sawazumi T, Ogura T. Concordance between transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and surgical lung biopsy in patients with idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease: A report of four cases. Respir Investig 2024; 62:1-8. [PMID: 37925882 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare polyclonal lymphoproliferative disease often associated with pulmonary involvement. Recently, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has been reported to be useful for the diagnosis of diffuse interstitial lung disease. However, there have been no reports of pathological assessment of TBLC for iMCD. METHOD To clarify the efficacy of TBLC in the diagnosis of iMCD, we retrospectively reviewed four iMCD patients who had undergone both TBLC and surgical lung biopsy (SLB). RESULTS The median age was 44 years; 2 males and 2 females. Two or three TBLC specimens were taken from each patient. All patients had no complications other than minimal bleeding. The size of the TBLC specimens was approximately 5-6 × 3-4 mm, and the alveolar region, and centrilobular and perilobular areas were adequately sampled. As with SLB, the extent of lung lesions and inflammatory cell infiltration could be sufficiently evaluated by TBLC. The presence of lymphoid follicles could also be assessed by TBLC; however, the germinal centers with lymphoid follicles were difficult to evaluate. The TBLC specimens could also be evaluated for immunostaining, especially IgG4 immunostaining, to rule out IgG4-related lung disease. Pulmonary pathological grading showed a high concordance rate between major pathological findings of TBLC and SLB. The pathologist's confidence level of TBLC for the diagnosis of iMCD was high in all cases. CONCLUSIONS TBLC exhibits a high concordance rate with SLB in the pathological evaluation of iMCD, which may be useful for the diagnosis of iMCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Otoshi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Hideya Kitamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Baba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Muraoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akimasa Sekine
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tamiko Takemura
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Okudela
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoe Sawazumi
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
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7
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Kondoh Y. Challenges in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. Respir Investig 2024; 62:75-76. [PMID: 37952289 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Japan.
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8
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Yao Y, Chen X, Chen H, Xiao Z, Li S. Safety and efficacy of cryobiopsy for the diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis compared with forceps biopsy and surgical lung biopsy. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:510. [PMID: 38102590 PMCID: PMC10724941 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02810-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transbronchial lung forceps biopsy (TBFB) is recommended before a surgical lung biopsy (SLB) when a definitive diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is required for patients without any additional confirmatory features. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBCB) has been suggested as replacement test in patients considered eligible to undergo SLB for the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. The efficacy and safety of TBCB were compared with that of TBFB and SLB in the diagnosis of LAM. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 207 consecutive patients suspected with LAM in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from 2005 to 2020. RESULTS The difference in diagnostic rate of patients suspected with LAM between TBCB (20/30, 66.7%) and TBFB (70/106, 66.0%) groups was not significant (p = 0.949). One patient performed TBCB with negative pathological results could be diagnosed exclusively after SLB. LAM diagnosis was confirmed by surgical pathological findings in 3 TBFB-negative patients. More patients with minimal cystic profusion were diagnosed with LAM by TBCB (5/19, 26.3%) and SLB (11/39, 28.2%) than by TBFB (3/61, 4.9%) (TBCB vs TBFB: p = 0.04, SLB vs TBFB, p < 0.001). The difference between the severity of cystic lung disease in patients diagnosed with LAM through TBCB and SLB was not significant (p > 0.05). One pneumothorax, 8 mild bleeding and 1 moderate bleeding were observed in TBCB. One pneumothorax, 15 mild bleeding and 1 moderate bleeding occurred after TBFB. CONCLUSION Compared to TBFB, TBCB is safe and effective in diagnosing LAM at a higher diagnostic rate in patients with minimal cystic profusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, 510120
| | - Xiaobo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, P.R. China
| | - Huanjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, P.R. China
| | - Zhulin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, P.R. China
| | - Shiyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, P.R. China.
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9
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Husnain SMN, Sarkar A, Huseini T. Utility and Safety of Bronchoscopic Cryotechniques-A Comprehensive Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2886. [PMID: 37761254 PMCID: PMC10530195 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13182886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryosurgical techniques are employed for diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopy and serve as important tools for the management of pulmonary diseases. The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease requires multidisciplinary team discussions after a thorough assessment of history, physical exam, computed tomography, and lung-function testing. However, histological diagnosis is required in selected patients. Surgical lung biopsy has been the gold standard but this can be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy is an emerging technique and multiple studies have shown that it has a high diagnostic yield with a good safety profile. There is wide procedural variability and the optimal technique for cryobiopsy is still under investigation. There is emerging data that demonstrate that cryobiopsy is safe and highly accurate in the diagnosis of thoracic malignancies. Furthermore, cryorecanalization procedures are a useful adjunct for the palliation of tumors in patients with central airway obstruction. One should keep in mind that these procedures are not free from complications and should be carried out in a specialized center by a trained and experienced bronchoscopy team. We present a review of the literature on the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of bronchoscopy-guided cryosurgical procedures and their safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaikh M. Noor Husnain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Interventional Pulmonary Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York, NY 10595, USA
| | - Abhishek Sarkar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Interventional Pulmonary Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, New York, NY 10595, USA
| | - Taha Huseini
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
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10
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Churg A, Tazelaar H, Matej R, Vasakova MK, Stewart B, Patel D, Duarte E, Gomez Manjarres DC, Mehta HJ, Wright JL. Pathologic Criteria for the Diagnosis of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia vs Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis in Transbronchial Cryobiopsies. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100221. [PMID: 37236510 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB) is increasingly used for the diagnosis of fibrosing interstitial pneumonias, but there are few detailed descriptions of the pathologic findings in such cases. It has been proposed that a combination of patchy fibrosis and fibroblast foci with an absence of alternative features is diagnostic of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP; ie, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis [IPF]) in TBCB. In this study, we reviewed 121 TBCB in which a diagnosis of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP; n = 83) or IPF (n = 38) was made by multidisciplinary discussion and evaluated a range of pathologic features. Patchy fibrosis was found in 65 of 83 (78%) biopsies from FHP and 32of 38 (84%) biopsies from UIP/IPF cases. Fibroblast foci were present in 47 of 83 (57%) FHP and 27 of 38 (71%) UIP/IPF cases. Fibroblast foci/patchy fibrosis combined did not favor either diagnosis. Architectural distortion was seen in 54 of 83 (65%) FHP and 32 of 38 (84%) UIP/IPF cases (odds ratio [OR] for FHP, 0.35; P = .036) and honeycombing in 18 of 83 (22%) and 17 of 38 (45%), respectively (OR, 0.37; P = .014). Airspace giant cells/granulomas were present in 13 of 83 (20%) FHP and 1 of 38 (2.6%) UIP/IPF cases (OR for FHP, 6.87; P = .068), and interstitial giant cells/granulomas in 20 of 83 (24%) FHP and 0 of 38 (0%) UIP/IPF (OR, 6.7 x 106; P = .000). We conclude that patchy fibrosis plus fibroblast foci can be found in TBCB from both FHP and UIP/IPF. The complete absence of architectural distortion/honeycombing favors a diagnosis of FHP, as does the presence of airspace or interstitial giant cells/granulomas, but these measures are insensitive, and many cases of FHP cannot be separated from UIP/IPF on TBCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Churg
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Henry Tazelaar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Radoslav Matej
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Koziar Vasakova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Brian Stewart
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Divya Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ernesto Duarte
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Diana C Gomez Manjarres
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Hiren J Mehta
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Joanne L Wright
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia and St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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11
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Baba T, Takemura T, Okudela K, Hebisawa A, Matsushita S, Iwasawa T, Yamakawa H, Nakagawa H, Ogura T. Concordance between transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the same patients. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:279. [PMID: 37507693 PMCID: PMC10385958 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnostic accuracy and safety of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) via a flexible bronchoscope under sedation compared with that of surgical lung biopsy (SLB) in the same patients is unknown. METHODS Retrospectively the data of fifty-two patients with interstitial lung diseases (median age: 63.5 years; 21 auto-antibody positive) who underwent TBLC followed by SLB (median time from TBLC to SLB: 57 days) was collected. The samples from TBLC and SLB were randomly labelled to mask the relationship between the two samples. Diagnosis was made independently by pathologists, radiologists, and pulmonary physicians in a stepwise manner, and a final diagnosis was made at multidisciplinary discussion (MDD). In each diagnostic step the specific diagnosis, the diagnostic confidence level, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnostic guideline criteria, and treatment strategy were recorded. RESULTS Without clinical and radiological information, the agreement between the histological diagnoses by TBLC and SLB was 42.3% (kappa [κ] = 0.23, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08-0.39). However, the agreement between the TBLC-MDD and SLB-MDD diagnoses and IPF/non-IPF diagnosis using the two biopsy methods was 65.4% (κ = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.42-0.73) and 90.4% (47/52), respectively. Out of 38 (73.1%) cases diagnosed with high or definite confidence at TBLC-MDD, 29 had concordant SLB-MDD diagnoses (agreement: 76.3%, κ = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55-0.87), and the agreement for IPF/non-IPF diagnoses was 97.4% (37/38). By adding the pathological diagnosis, the inter-observer agreement of clinical diagnosis improved from κ = 0.22 to κ = 0.42 for TBLC and from κ = 0.27 to κ = 0.38 for SLB, and the prevalence of high or definite diagnostic confidence improved from 23.0% to 73.0% and from 17.3% to 73.0%, respectively. Of all 383 TBLC performed during the same period, pneumothorax occurred in 5.0% of cases, and no severe bleeding, acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease, or fatal event was observed. CONCLUSIONS TBLC via a flexible bronchoscope under deep sedation is safely performed, and the TBLC-MDD diagnosis with a high or definite confidence level is concordant with the SLB-MDD diagnosis in the same patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Baba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Tamiko Takemura
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Okudela
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akira Hebisawa
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Matsushita
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tae Iwasawa
- Department of Radiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yamakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakagawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Tomioka-Higashi 6-16-1, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, Japan
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12
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Fortin M, Liberman M, Delage A, Dion G, Martel S, Rolland F, Soumagne T, Trahan S, Assayag D, Albert E, Kelly MM, Johannson KA, Guenther Z, Leduc C, Manganas H, Prenovault J, Provencher S. Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy and Surgical Lung Biopsy: A Prospective Multi-Centre Agreement Clinical Trial (CAN-ICE). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:1612-1619. [PMID: 36796092 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202209-1812oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB) for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) has shown promising results, but prospective studies with matched surgical lung biopsy (SLB) have yielded conflicting results. Objectives: We aimed to assess within- and between-center diagnostic agreement between TBCB and SLB at both the histopathologic and multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) levels in patients with diffuse ILD. Methods: In a multicenter prospective study, we performed matched TBCB and SLB in patients referred for SLB. After a blinded review by three pulmonary pathologists, all cases were reviewed by three independent ILD teams in an MDD. MDD was performed first with TBCB, then with SLB in a second session. Within-center and between-center diagnostic agreement was evaluated using percentages and correlation coefficients. Measurements and Main Results: Twenty patients were recruited and underwent contemporaneous TBCB and SLB. Within-center diagnostic agreement between TBCB-MDD and SLB-MDD was reached in 37 of the 60 (61.7%) paired observations, resulting in a Cohen's κ value of 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.63). Diagnostic agreement increased among high-confidence or definitive diagnoses on TBCB-MDD (21 of 29 [72.4%]), but not significantly, and was more likely among cases with SLB-MDD diagnoses of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis than fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (13 of 16 [81.2%] vs. 16 of 31 [51.6%]; P = 0.047). Between-center agreement for cases was markedly higher for SLB-MDD (κ = 0.71 [95% CI, 0.52-0.89]) than TBCB-MDD (κ = 0.29 [95% CI, 0.09-0.49]). Conclusions: This study demonstrated moderate TBCB-MDD and SLB-MDD diagnostic agreement for ILD, while between-center agreement was fair for TBCB-MDD and substantial for SLB-MDD. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02235779).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Fortin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Thoracic Surgery
| | | | - Antoine Delage
- Department of Medicine, Charles-Lemoyne Hospital, Sherbrooke University, Longueuil, Canada
| | | | - Simon Martel
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Thoracic Surgery
| | - Fabien Rolland
- Departement of Pulmonary Medicine, Cannes Medical Center, Cannes, France
| | - Thibaud Soumagne
- Departement of Pulmonary Medicine and Intensive Care, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris Hospital Public Assistance, Paris, France
| | | | - Deborah Assayag
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and
| | - Elisabeth Albert
- Department of Radiology, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Zachary Guenther
- Department of Radiology, South Health Campus, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Julie Prenovault
- Department of Radiology, University of Montreal Health Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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13
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Trisolini R. Lung Cryobiopsy Versus Surgical Lung Biopsy for Diagnosing Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: Still Looking for the "Perfect" Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:1551-1553. [PMID: 36921148 PMCID: PMC10273107 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202303-0381ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Trisolini
- Unitá Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia Interventistica Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Roma, Italia and Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari e Polmonari Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Roma, Italia
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14
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Menigoz C, Dirou S, Sagan C, Corne F, Moui A, Defrance C, Liberge R, Morla O, Patarin V, Nicolas A, Kandel-Aznar C, Lacoste P, Clarke JP, Cavailles A, Cellerin L, Blanc FX. [Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in interstitial lung diseases]. Rev Mal Respir 2023; 40:469-478. [PMID: 37308261 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In some cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD), clinical and biological findings associated with CT scan pattern during multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) fail to yield a confident diagnosis. In these cases, histology may be necessary. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is a bronchoscopic procedure that has been developed in recent years and currently contributes to diagnostic work-up in patients with ILD. TBLC provides tissue samples for histological analysis with an acceptable risk of complications, consisting mainly in pneumothorax or bleeding. In addition to higher diagnostic yield than conventional forceps biopsies, the procedure shows a better safety profile than surgical biopsies. The indication to perform TBLC is decided during a 1st MDD and during a 2nd MDD, results can provide a diagnostic yield approximating 80%. TBLC appears to be an attractive, minimally invasive technique to be proposed as a first-line procedure in selected patients in experienced centers, while surgical lung biopsy may be considered as a second-line solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Menigoz
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France.
| | - S Dirou
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - C Sagan
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service d'anatomopathologie, Nantes, France
| | - F Corne
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France; Clinique Jules Verne, consultation de pneumologie, Nantes, France
| | - A Moui
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - C Defrance
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service d'imagerie médicale, Nantes, France
| | - R Liberge
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service d'imagerie médicale, Nantes, France
| | - O Morla
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service d'imagerie médicale, Nantes, France
| | - V Patarin
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service d'imagerie médicale, Nantes, France
| | - A Nicolas
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service d'imagerie médicale, Nantes, France
| | - C Kandel-Aznar
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service d'anatomopathologie, Nantes, France
| | - P Lacoste
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de chirurgie thoracique et cardiovasculaire, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - J P Clarke
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France; Clinique ELSAN Santé Atlantique, consultation de pneumologie, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - A Cavailles
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - L Cellerin
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - F-X Blanc
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, service de pneumologie, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
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15
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Ruaro B, Tavano S, Confalonieri P, Pozzan R, Hughes M, Braga L, Volpe MC, Ligresti G, Andrisano AG, Lerda S, Geri P, Biolo M, Baratella E, Confalonieri M, Salton F. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and pulmonary fibrosis: A never-ending story? Heliyon 2023; 9:e14768. [PMID: 37025914 PMCID: PMC10070648 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diagnostic process of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is often challenging, requires a collaborative effort of several experts, and often requires bioptic material, which can be difficult to obtain, both in terms of quality and technique. The main procedures available to obtain such samples are transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) and surgical lung biopsy (SLB). Objective The purpose of this paper is to review the evidence for the role of TBLC in the diagnostic-therapeutic process of PF. Methods A comprehensive review was performed to identify articles to date that addressed the role of TBLC in the diagnostic-therapeutic process of PF using the PubMed® database. Results The reasoned search identified 206 papers, including 21 manuscripts (three reviews, one systematic review, two guidelines, two prospective studies, three retrospective studies, one cross-sectional study, one original article, three editorials, three clinical trials, and two unclassifiable studies), which were included in the final review. Conclusions TBLC is gaining increasing efficacy and improving safety profile; however, there are currently no clear data demonstrating its superiority over SLB. Therefore, the two techniques should be considered with careful rationalization on a case-by-case basis. Further research is needed to further optimize and standardize the procedure and to thoroughly study the histological and molecular characteristics of PF.
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16
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Zayed Y, Alzghoul BN, Hyde R, Wadood Z, Banifadel M, Khasawneh M, Maharrey PB, Saker H, Harden C, Barnes G, Gomez-Manjarres D, Patel D, Faruqi I, Mehrad B, Mehta HJ. Role of Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy in the Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease: A Meta-analysis of 68 Studies and 6300 Patients. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2023; 30:99-113. [PMID: 35698283 PMCID: PMC10448786 DOI: 10.1097/lbr.0000000000000865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is based on multidisciplinary team discussion (MDD) with the incorporation of clinical, radiographical, and histopathologic information if available. We aim to evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety outcomes of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in the diagnosis of ILD. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis by comprehensive literature search to include all studies that evaluated the diagnostic yields and/or adverse events with TBLC in patients with ILD. We calculated the pooled event rates and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the diagnostic yield by MDD, histopathologic diagnostic yield, and various clinical adverse events. RESULTS We included 68 articles (44 full texts and 24 abstracts) totaling 6386 patients with a mean age of 60.7±14.1 years and 56% men. The overall diagnostic yield of TBLC to achieve a definite or high-confidence diagnosis based on MDD was 82.3% (95% CI: 78.9%-85.2%) and histopathologic diagnosis of 72.5% (95% CI: 67.7%-76.9%). The overall rate of pneumothorax was 9.6% (95% CI: 7.9%-11%), while the rate of pneumothorax requiring drainage by a thoracostomy tube was 5.3% (95% CI: 4.1%-6.9%). The rate of moderate bleeding was 11.7% (95% CI: 9.1%-14.9%), while the rate of severe bleeding was 1.9% (95% CI: 1.4%-2.6%). The risk of mortality attributed to the procedure was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.7%-1.3%). CONCLUSION Among patients with undiagnosed or unclassified ILD requiring tissue biopsy for diagnosis, transbronchial cryobiopsy represents a reliable alternative to surgical lung biopsy with decreased incidence of various clinical adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Zayed
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Bashar N. Alzghoul
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ryan Hyde
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zerka Wadood
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Momen Banifadel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Majd Khasawneh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - P. Brandon Maharrey
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Haneen Saker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christopher Harden
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Gabrielle Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Diana Gomez-Manjarres
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Divya Patel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ibrahim Faruqi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Borna Mehrad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Hiren J. Mehta
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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17
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Goussard P, Eber E, Venkatakrishna S, Frigati L, Janson J, Schubert P, Andronikou S. Intrathoracic tuberculosis: Role of interventional bronchoscopy in diagnosis. Paediatr Respir Rev 2023; 45:23-29. [PMID: 36621398 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally. Mortality is related to the delay in diagnosis and starting treatment. According to new guidelines it is very important to classify pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) as severe or not severe disease due to the difference in treatment duration. Bronchoscopy is the gold standard for assessing the degree of airway compression and obstruction in paediatric PTB. Paediatric bronchoscopy has evolved from a primarily diagnostic procedure to include interventional bronchoscopy for diagnostic purposes. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) has increased the potential of sampling mediastinal lymph nodes both for histological diagnosis and microbiological confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Goussard
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Ernst Eber
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Shyam Venkatakrishna
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Frigati
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jacques Janson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stellenbosch University, and Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Pawel Schubert
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Tygerberg Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Savvas Andronikou
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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18
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Highlights for the Clinical Practice in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis: From the ATS/ERS/ALAT/JRS 2022 Guideline. Arch Bronconeumol 2023; 59:73-75. [PMID: 36319518 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Gaultier S, Puscas T, Pastre J, Gibault L, Arlet JB, Cauquil C, Michon A. Transbronchial cryobiopsy proven amyloid diffuse cystic lung disease complicating a transthyretin mutated (ATTRm) amyloidosis: a case report. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2023; 17:17534666231178690. [PMID: 37329289 PMCID: PMC10278398 DOI: 10.1177/17534666231178690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a case report of transbronchial cryobiopsy proven diffuse amyloid cystic lung disease complicating a homozygous Val122Ile (V122I) transthyretin mutated amyloidosis (ATTRm). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature reporting such pulmonary lesions in ATTRm amyloidosis, and notably diagnosed through cryobiopsy. A 51-year-old man from Mali with a past medical history of bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome presented erectile dysfunction, asthenia and worsening dyspnoea over the past year. He presented signs of cardiac failure; histological and radiological investigations diagnosed cardiac amyloidosis. He was found homozygote for the V122I mutation in transthyretin. A diffuse cystic lung disease (DCLD) was noted on computed tomography (CT) scan. We performed a transbronchial pulmonary cryobiopsy that revealed histological transthyretin amyloid deposits. This case report illustrates the safety and usefulness of cryobiopsy in the setting of DCLD and extends ATTRm amyloidosis as a possible cause of DCLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Gaultier
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Tania Puscas
- Service de Cardiologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean Pastre
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laure Gibault
- Service d’Anatomie Pathologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Arlet
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Cauquil
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Adrien Michon
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, 20 rue Leblanc 750015 Paris, France
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20
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Rodrigues I, Estêvão Gomes R, Coutinho LM, Rego MT, Machado F, Morais A, Novais Bastos H. Diagnostic yield and safety of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and surgical lung biopsy in interstitial lung diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev 2022; 31:31/166/210280. [PMID: 36198419 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0280-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is increasingly being used as an alternative to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) biopsy to establish the histopathologic pattern in interstitial lung disease (ILD). METHODS A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Embase databases, from October 2010 to October 2020, was conducted to identify studies that reported on diagnostic yield or safety of VATS or TBLC in the diagnosis of ILD. RESULTS 43 studies were included. 23 evaluated the diagnostic yield of TBLC after multidisciplinary discussion, with a pooled diagnostic yield of 76.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 70.6-82.1), rising to 80.7% in centres that performed ≥70 TBLC. 10 studies assessed the use of VATS and the pooled diagnostic yield was 93.5% (95% CI 88.3-96.5). In TBLC, pooled incidences of complications were 9.9% (95% CI 6.8-14.3) for significant bleeding (6.9% for centres with ≥70 TBLC), 5.6% (95% CI 3.8-8.2) for pneumothorax treated with a chest tube and 1.4% (95% CI 0.9-2.2) for acute exacerbation of ILD after TBLC. The mortality rates were 0.6% and 1.7% for TBLC and VATS, respectively. CONCLUSIONS TBLC has a fairly good diagnostic yield, an acceptable safety profile and a lower mortality rate than VATS. The best results are obtained from more experienced centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Rodrigues
- Pulmonology Dept, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship
| | - Ricardo Estêvão Gomes
- Pulmonology Dept, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal.,These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship
| | | | | | - Firmino Machado
- Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.,Centro Académico Clínico Egas Moniz Health Alliance, Aveiro, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Morais
- Faculdade de Medicina, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Pulmonology Dept, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helder Novais Bastos
- Faculdade de Medicina, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal .,Pulmonology Dept, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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21
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Sensitivity of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in the diagnosis of different interstitial lung diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22037. [PMID: 36543857 PMCID: PMC9772193 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The accuracy of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in each disease for pathological and multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) diagnosis is not yet established. METHOD We investigated 431 patients who were classified by MDD diagnosis and were grouped into the disease categories. For each category or disease, we used TBLC samples to calculate the sensitivities of the pathological diagnosis compared with MDD diagnoses. Further, we compared these sensitivities to pathological diagnoses with all clinical/radiological information. RESULT The sensitivity for diagnosing idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIPs) with TBLC was higher than connective tissue disease associated ILD (CTD-ILD). Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP), fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and some CTD-ILDs were diagnosed with lower sensitivities compared to IPF. The sensitivity of pathological diagnosis with all clinical/radiological information in IPF was higher than in iNSIP, but not significantly different from other diseases. The overall sensitivity of the pathological diagnosis with clinical/radiological information was 69.0%, significantly higher than without clinical/radiological information. CONCLUSION The sensitivity of pathological diagnosis with TBLC was low for some diseases except IPF. The addition of all clinical/radiological information increased the sensitivity of pathology diagnosis by TBLC, which was no less sensitive than IPF for all diseases except iNSIP.
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22
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Zhan X, Du Y, Luo J, Que Y, Hu C, Xu L, Wang Z, Wu Y, Jin M, Zheng C, Gao Y, Chang C, Li H, Tong Z, Xu G. Features of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy-diagnosed fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. THE CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2022; 17:50-58. [PMID: 36397265 PMCID: PMC9829620 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a common type among all the interstitial lung diseases, and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy is an alternative diagnostic technique for interstitial lung diseases. In this study, we describe the clinical and pathological features of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis diagnosed with transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC). METHODS A total of 46 diffused parenchyma lung disease (DPLD) patients received TBLC were included in this study. Medical records including medical history spirometry examinations, 6-min walk test (6MWT) results, high resolution computed tomographic (HRCT) scans, BAL, and histopathology were collected. Results of HRCT and histopathology were compared and classified, especially. RESULTS Sixteen patients were diagnosed with fibrotic HP, the mean age of whom was 56.3 ± 12.1 years, and 62.5% of them were male. Three of the 16 patients had been misdiagnosed as tuberculosis and received antituberculosis medications, five patients had been diagnosed as unclassifiable pulmonary fibrosis, and five patients had been diagnosed as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Thirteen (81.3%) patients had a normal lymphocyte count in BAL. The pathological features of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) were detected in 11 (68.8%) of the cases, poor defined granulomatous was detected in nine (56.3%) of the cases, and bronchiolocentric fibrosis was detected in two (12.5%) of the 16 cases. CONCLUSIONS Fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis should be included in differential diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. Pathological characteristics of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis could be demonstrated from cryobiopsy lung tissue. TBLC is recommended as an alternative diagnostic technique, which may improve the specificity of hypersensitivity pneumonia detection, and UIP is the most frequent pathological finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Institute of Respiratory Medicine Beijing, Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yingzhen Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Jiang Luo
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Yifan Que
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Chao Hu
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Institute of Respiratory Medicine Beijing, Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Institute of Respiratory Medicine Beijing, Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanbing Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Institute of Respiratory Medicine Beijing, Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Mulan Jin
- Department of Pathology, Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chunming Zheng
- Medical Research Center, Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanhong Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy and RheumatologyJoe DiMaggio Children's HospitalHollywoodFloridaUSA,Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of California, DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Institute of Respiratory Medicine Beijing, Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Guogang Xu
- The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General HospitalMedical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
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Myers JL, Costabel U. Transbronchial cryobiopsy: the right procedure for the right patient in the right place at the right time. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:60/5/2201648. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01648-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sato S, Yamakawa H, Takemura T, Nakamura T, Nishizawa T, Oba T, Kawabe R, Akasaka K, Amano M, Matsushima H. Evaluation of large airway specimens obtained by transbronchial lung cryobiopsy in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:384. [PMID: 36258160 PMCID: PMC9578247 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The difference in diagnostic yield between surgical lung biopsy and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD) has been reported to be due to differences in the rate of interpathologist agreement, specimen size, and specimen adequacy. In TBLC, the specimens containing large airway components are generally believed as inadequate specimens for histological evaluation, but the detailed characteristics of TBLC specimens including the large airway and the impact on histological diagnostic rates of DPLD have not been investigated. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the specimen characteristics of patients with DPLD who underwent TBLC. Results Between February 2018 and January 2020, 74 patients and 177 specimens were included. There were 85 (48.0%) large airway specimens (LAS) that contained bronchial gland or bronchial cartilage. The ideal specimen ratio was significantly lower in the LAS-positive group than that in the LAS-negative group (5.8% vs. 45.6%), and the proportion of bronchioles, alveoli, and perilobular area were similarly lower in the LAS-positive group. The presence of traction bronchiectasis and diaphragm overlap sign on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were also significantly higher in the LAS-positive group than those in the LAS-negative group. We observed a statistically significant trend in histological diagnostic yield (40.7% in LAS positive group; 60.8% in LAS positive and negative group; 91.6% in LAS negative group) (Cochran-Armitage trend test). Conclusion LAS is a specimen often collected in TBLC and contains a low percentage of bronchioles, alveoli, and perilobular area. Since the histological diagnostic yield tends to be higher in cases that do not contain LAS, it may be important to determine the biopsy site that reduces the frequency of LAS collection by referring to the HRCT findings in TBLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan.
| | - H Yamakawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - T Takemura
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - T Nishizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - T Oba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - R Kawabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - K Akasaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - M Amano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
| | - H Matsushima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, 330-8553, Japan
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DeMaio A, Thiboutot J, Yarmus L. Applications of cryobiopsy in airway, pleural, and parenchymal disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:875-886. [PMID: 36069255 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2122444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION :Cryobiopsy is a novel diagnostic technique for thoracic diseases which has been extensively investigated over the past 20 years. It was originally proposed for the diagnosis of endobronchial lesions and diffuse parenchymal lung disease due to limitations of conventional sampling techniques including small size and presence of artifacts. AREAS COVERED :We will review recent evidence related to the expanding use of cryobiopsy in thoracic diseases. To identify references, the MEDLINE database was searched from database inception until May 2022 for case series, cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to cryobiopsy. EXPERT OPINION Cryobiopsy has expanding applications in the field of thoracic diseases. Evidence to support transbronchial cryobiopsy as an alternative to surgical lung biopsy is increasing and was recently endorsed as a conditional recommendation by the latest American Thoracic Society guideline update for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Developments in technology and technique, in particular the availability of a 1.1 mm flexible cryoprobe, have extended applications to pulmonary diseases, including diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases, peripheral pulmonary lesions, and lung transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew DeMaio
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Jeffrey Thiboutot
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Lonny Yarmus
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
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Cottin V, Bonniaud P, Cadranel J, Crestani B, Jouneau S, Marchand-Adam S, Nunes H, Wémeau-Stervinou L, Bergot E, Blanchard E, Borie R, Bourdin A, Chenivesse C, Clément A, Gomez E, Gondouin A, Hirschi S, Lebargy F, Marquette CH, Montani D, Prévot G, Quetant S, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Salaun M, Sanchez O, Trumbic B, Berkani K, Brillet PY, Campana M, Chalabreysse L, Chatté G, Debieuvre D, Ferretti G, Fourrier JM, Just N, Kambouchner M, Legrand B, Le Guillou F, Lhuillier JP, Mehdaoui A, Naccache JM, Paganon C, Rémy-Jardin M, Si-Mohamed S, Terrioux P. [French practical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of IPF - 2021 update, full version]. Rev Mal Respir 2022; 39:e35-e106. [PMID: 35752506 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the previous French guidelines were published in 2017, substantial additional knowledge about idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has accumulated. METHODS Under the auspices of the French-speaking Learned Society of Pulmonology and at the initiative of the coordinating reference center, practical guidelines for treatment of rare pulmonary diseases have been established. They were elaborated by groups of writers, reviewers and coordinators with the help of the OrphaLung network, as well as pulmonologists with varying practice modalities, radiologists, pathologists, a general practitioner, a head nurse, and a patients' association. The method was developed according to rules entitled "Good clinical practice" in the overall framework of the "Guidelines for clinical practice" of the official French health authority (HAS), taking into account the results of an online vote using a Likert scale. RESULTS After analysis of the literature, 54 recommendations were formulated, improved, and validated by the working groups. The recommendations covered a wide-ranging aspects of the disease and its treatment: epidemiology, diagnostic modalities, quality criteria and interpretation of chest CT, indication and modalities of lung biopsy, etiologic workup, approach to familial disease entailing indications and modalities of genetic testing, evaluation of possible functional impairments and prognosis, indications for and use of antifibrotic therapy, lung transplantation, symptom management, comorbidities and complications, treatment of chronic respiratory failure, diagnosis and management of acute exacerbations of fibrosis. CONCLUSION These evidence-based guidelines are aimed at guiding the diagnosis and the management in clinical practice of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cottin
- Centre national coordonnateur de référence des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, hôpital Louis-Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France; UMR 754, IVPC, INRAE, Université de Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Membre d'OrphaLung, RespiFil, Radico-ILD2, et ERN-LUNG, Lyon, France.
| | - P Bonniaud
- Centre de référence constitutif des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs respiratoires, centre hospitalo-universitaire de Bourgogne et faculté de médecine et pharmacie, université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon ; Inserm U123-1, Dijon, France
| | - J Cadranel
- Centre de référence constitutif des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), hôpital Tenon, Paris ; Sorbonne université GRC 04 Theranoscan, Paris, France
| | - B Crestani
- Centre de référence constitutif des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie A, AP-HP, hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - S Jouneau
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares de l'adulte, service de pneumologie, hôpital Pontchaillou, Rennes ; IRSET UMR1085, université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - S Marchand-Adam
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares de l'adulte, hôpital Bretonneau, service de pneumologie, CHRU, Tours, France
| | - H Nunes
- Centre de référence constitutif des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, AP-HP, hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny ; université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - L Wémeau-Stervinou
- Centre de référence constitutif des maladies pulmonaires rares, Institut Cœur-Poumon, service de pneumologie et immuno-allergologie, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - E Bergot
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares de l'adulte, service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, hôpital Côte de Nacre, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - E Blanchard
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares de l'adulte, service de pneumologie, hôpital Haut Levêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - R Borie
- Centre de référence constitutif des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie A, AP-HP, hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - A Bourdin
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares de l'adulte, département de pneumologie et addictologie, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier ; Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 921, Montpellier, France
| | - C Chenivesse
- Centre de référence constitutif des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie et d'immuno-allergologie, hôpital Albert Calmette ; CHRU de Lille, Lille ; centre d'infection et d'immunité de Lille U1019 - UMR 9017, Université de Lille, CHU Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Clément
- Centre de ressources et de compétence de la mucoviscidose pédiatrique, centre de référence des maladies respiratoires rares (RespiRare), service de pneumologie pédiatrique, hôpital d'enfants Armand-Trousseau, CHU Paris Est, Paris ; Sorbonne université, Paris, France
| | - E Gomez
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, département de pneumologie, hôpitaux de Brabois, CHRU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-les Nancy, France
| | - A Gondouin
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, CHU Jean-Minjoz, Besançon, France
| | - S Hirschi
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, Nouvel Hôpital civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - F Lebargy
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, CHU Maison Blanche, Reims, France
| | - C-H Marquette
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, FHU OncoAge, département de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, hôpital Pasteur, CHU de Nice, Nice cedex 1 ; Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Inserm, Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - D Montani
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, centre national coordonnateur de référence de l'hypertension pulmonaire, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs pneumologiques, AP-HP, DMU 5 Thorinno, Inserm UMR S999, CHU Paris-Sud, hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre ; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de médecine, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - G Prévot
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, CHU Larrey, Toulouse, France
| | - S Quetant
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie et physiologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - M Reynaud-Gaubert
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, AP-HM, CHU Nord, Marseille ; Aix Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - M Salaun
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, oncologie thoracique et soins intensifs respiratoires & CIC 1404, hôpital Charles Nicole, CHU de Rouen, Rouen ; IRIB, laboratoire QuantiIF-LITIS, EA 4108, université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - O Sanchez
- Centre de compétence pour les maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie et soins intensifs, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - K Berkani
- Clinique Pierre de Soleil, Vetraz Monthoux, France
| | - P-Y Brillet
- Université Paris 13, UPRES EA 2363, Bobigny ; service de radiologie, AP-HP, hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - M Campana
- Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - L Chalabreysse
- Service d'anatomie-pathologique, groupement hospitalier est, HCL, Bron, France
| | - G Chatté
- Cabinet de pneumologie et infirmerie protestante, Caluire, France
| | - D Debieuvre
- Service de pneumologie, GHRMSA, hôpital Emile-Muller, Mulhouse, France
| | - G Ferretti
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble ; service de radiologie diagnostique et interventionnelle, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - J-M Fourrier
- Association Pierre-Enjalran Fibrose Pulmonaire Idiopathique (APEFPI), Meyzieu, France
| | - N Just
- Service de pneumologie, CH Victor-Provo, Roubaix, France
| | - M Kambouchner
- Service de pathologie, AP-HP, hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - B Legrand
- Cabinet médical de la Bourgogne, Tourcoing ; Université de Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694 METRICS, CERIM, Lille, France
| | - F Le Guillou
- Cabinet de pneumologie, pôle santé de l'Esquirol, Le Pradet, France
| | - J-P Lhuillier
- Cabinet de pneumologie, La Varenne Saint-Hilaire, France
| | - A Mehdaoui
- Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, CH Eure-Seine, Évreux, France
| | - J-M Naccache
- Service de pneumologie, allergologie et oncologie thoracique, GH Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - C Paganon
- Centre national coordonnateur de référence des maladies pulmonaires rares, service de pneumologie, hôpital Louis-Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France
| | - M Rémy-Jardin
- Institut Cœur-Poumon, service de radiologie et d'imagerie thoracique, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - S Si-Mohamed
- Département d'imagerie cardiovasculaire et thoracique, hôpital Louis-Pradel, HCL, Bron ; Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, Villeurbanne, France
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Integration and Application of Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis. Chest 2022; 162:614-629. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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28
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French practical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis - 2021 update. Full-length version. Respir Med Res 2022; 83:100948. [PMID: 36630775 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmer.2022.100948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the latest 2017 French guidelines, knowledge about idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has evolved considerably. METHODS Practical guidelines were drafted on the initiative of the Coordinating Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, led by the French Language Pulmonology Society (SPLF), by a coordinating group, a writing group, and a review group, with the involvement of the entire OrphaLung network, pulmonologists practicing in various settings, radiologists, pathologists, a general practitioner, a health manager, and a patient association. The method followed the "Clinical Practice Guidelines" process of the French National Authority for Health (HAS), including an online vote using a Likert scale. RESULTS After a literature review, 54 guidelines were formulated, improved, and then validated by the working groups. These guidelines addressed multiple aspects of the disease: epidemiology, diagnostic procedures, quality criteria and interpretation of chest CT scans, lung biopsy indication and procedures, etiological workup, methods and indications for family screening and genetic testing, assessment of the functional impairment and prognosis, indication and use of antifibrotic agents, lung transplantation, management of symptoms, comorbidities and complications, treatment of chronic respiratory failure, diagnosis and management of acute exacerbations of fibrosis. CONCLUSION These evidence-based guidelines are intended to guide the diagnosis and practical management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Torrego A, Pajares V, Maldonado F, Hetzel J. Transbronchial Cryobiopsy Bohemian Rhapsody. Arch Bronconeumol 2022; 58:586-587. [PMID: 35312593 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfons Torrego
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Virginia Pajares
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabien Maldonado
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Jürgen Hetzel
- Department of Medical Oncology and Pneumology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
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30
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Ronaghi R, Oh S. Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy for Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43:536-540. [PMID: 35777417 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) offers a minimally invasive option for the diagnosis of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, of which interstitial lung diseases comprise the most common diagnoses. It has a high diagnostic yield with prognostic and therapeutic implications. TBLC has a favorable safety profile compared with surgical lung biopsy, but associated complications include pneumothorax and bleeding. However, TBLC techniques remain variable. Here we review the latest techniques described to maximize diagnostic yield and mitigate complications of TBLC as well as how this modality has been incorporated into guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ronaghi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Scott Oh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Allergy, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Oh S, Ronaghi R, He T, Oberg C, Channick C, Susanto I, Carroll M, Weigt SS, Sayah D, Dolinay T, Chung A, Fishbein G, Lynch JP, Belperio JA. The safety profile of a protocolized transbronchial cryobiopsy program utilizing a 2.4 mm cryoprobe for interstitial lung disease. Respir Med 2022; 200:106913. [PMID: 35724519 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2022.106913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has emerged as a promising alternative to surgical lung biopsy for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease. However, uncertainty remains regarding its overall complications due to a lack of procedural standardization including the size of cryoprobe utilized. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of a protocolized transbronchial cryobiopsy program utilizing a 2.4 mm cryoprobe. 201 consecutive subjects were enrolled at a single academic center. RESULTS The average biopsy size was 106.2 ± 39.3 mm2. Complications included a total pneumothorax rate of 4.9% with 3.5% undergoing chest tube placement. Severe bleeding defined by the Nashville Working Group occurred in 0.5% of cases. There were no deaths at 30-days. DISCUSSION A protocolized transbronchial cryobiopsy program utilizing a 2.4 mm cryoprobe in can achieve a high diagnostic yield with a favorable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Oh
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, USA; Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA.
| | - Reza Ronaghi
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, USA; Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - Tao He
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, USA; Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - Catherine Oberg
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, USA; Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - Colleen Channick
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, USA; Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - Irawan Susanto
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology, USA; Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | | | - S Sam Weigt
- Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - David Sayah
- Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - Tamas Dolinay
- Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - Augustine Chung
- Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - Gregory Fishbein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph P Lynch
- Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
| | - John A Belperio
- Department of Medicine, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, USA
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Ribeiro Neto ML, Arrossi AV, Yadav R, Culver DA, Mukhopadhyay S, Parambil JG, Southern BD, Tolle L, Pande A, Almeida FA, Sahoo D, Glennie J, Ahmad U, Mehta AC, Gildea TR. Prospective cohort of cryobiopsy in interstitial lung diseases: a single center experience. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:215. [PMID: 35655191 PMCID: PMC9161499 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Transbronchial cryobiopsy has been increasingly used to diagnose interstitial lung diseases. However, there is uncertainty regarding its accuracy and risks, mainly due to a paucity of prospective or randomized trials comparing cryobiopsy to surgical biopsy.
Objectives To evaluate the diagnostic yield and complications of cryobiopsy in patients selected by multidisciplinary discussion.
Methods This was a prospective cohort from 2017 to 2019. We included consecutive patients with suspected interstitial lung diseases being considered for lung biopsy presented at our multidisciplinary meeting. Measurements and main results Of 112 patients, we recommended no biopsy in 31, transbronchial forceps biopsy in 16, cryobiopsy in 54 and surgical biopsy in 11. By the end of the study, 34 patients had had cryobiopsy and 24 patients, surgical biopsy. Overall pathologic and multidisciplinary diagnostic yield of cryobiopsy was 47.1% and 61.8%, respectively. The yield increased over time for both pathologic (year 1: 28.6%, year 2: 54.5%, year 3: 66.7%, p = 0.161) and multidisciplinary (year 1: 50%, year 2: 63.6%, year 3: 77.8%, p = 0.412) diagnosis. Overall rate of grade 4 bleeding after cryobiopsy was 11.8%. Cryobiopsy required less chest tube placement (11.8% vs 100%, p < 0.001) and less hospitalizations compared to surgical biopsy (26.5% vs 95.7%, p < 0.001), but hospitalized patients had a longer median hospital stay (2 days vs 1 day, p = 0.004). Conclusions Diagnostic yield of cryobiopsy increased over time but the overall grade 4 bleeding rate was 11.8%. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01990-4.
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Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease: A Systematic Review. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2022; 19:1193-1202. [PMID: 35499855 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202102-198oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE In 2018, a systematic review evaluating transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) was performed to inform American Thoracic Society (ATS), European Respiratory Society (ERS), Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS), and Asociación Latinoamericana del Tórax (ALAT) clinical practice guidelines on the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). OBJECTIVE To perform a new systematic review to inform updated guidelines. METHODS Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCTR) were searched through June 2020. Studies that enrolled patients with ILD and reported the diagnostic yield or complication rates of TBLC were selected for inclusion. Data was extracted and then pooled across studies via meta-analysis. The quality of the evidence was appraised using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULTS Histopathologic diagnostic yield (number of procedures that yielded a histopathologic diagnosis divided by the total number of procedures performed) of TBLC was 80% (95% CI 76-83%) in patients with ILD. TBLC was complicated by bleeding and pneumothorax in 30% (95% CI 20-41%) and 8% (95% CI 6-11%) of patients, respectively. Procedure-related mortality, severe bleeding, prolonged air leak, acute exacerbation, respiratory failure, and respiratory infection were rare. The quality of the evidence was very low due to the uncontrolled study designs, lack of consecutive enrollment, and inconsistent results. CONCLUSION Very low-quality evidence indicated that TBLC has a diagnostic yield of approximately 80% in patients with ILD, with manageable complications.
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Raghu G, Remy-Jardin M, Richeldi L, Thomson CC, Inoue Y, Johkoh T, Kreuter M, Lynch DA, Maher TM, Martinez FJ, Molina-Molina M, Myers JL, Nicholson AG, Ryerson CJ, Strek ME, Troy LK, Wijsenbeek M, Mammen MJ, Hossain T, Bissell BD, Herman DD, Hon SM, Kheir F, Khor YH, Macrea M, Antoniou KM, Bouros D, Buendia-Roldan I, Caro F, Crestani B, Ho L, Morisset J, Olson AL, Podolanczuk A, Poletti V, Selman M, Ewing T, Jones S, Knight SL, Ghazipura M, Wilson KC. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (an Update) and Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis in Adults: An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:e18-e47. [PMID: 35486072 PMCID: PMC9851481 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202202-0399st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 800] [Impact Index Per Article: 400.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, Japanese Respiratory Society, and Asociación Latinoamericana de Tórax guideline updates prior idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) guidelines and addresses the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) other than IPF. Methods: A committee was composed of multidisciplinary experts in ILD, methodologists, and patient representatives. 1) Update of IPF: Radiological and histopathological criteria for IPF were updated by consensus. Questions about transbronchial lung cryobiopsy, genomic classifier testing, antacid medication, and antireflux surgery were informed by systematic reviews and answered with evidence-based recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. 2) Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF): PPF was defined, and then radiological and physiological criteria for PPF were determined by consensus. Questions about pirfenidone and nintedanib were informed by systematic reviews and answered with evidence-based recommendations using the GRADE approach. Results:1) Update of IPF: A conditional recommendation was made to regard transbronchial lung cryobiopsy as an acceptable alternative to surgical lung biopsy in centers with appropriate expertise. No recommendation was made for or against genomic classifier testing. Conditional recommendations were made against antacid medication and antireflux surgery for the treatment of IPF. 2) PPF: PPF was defined as at least two of three criteria (worsening symptoms, radiological progression, and physiological progression) occurring within the past year with no alternative explanation in a patient with an ILD other than IPF. A conditional recommendation was made for nintedanib, and additional research into pirfenidone was recommended. Conclusions: The conditional recommendations in this guideline are intended to provide the basis for rational, informed decisions by clinicians.
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Yang SR, Beasley MB, Churg A, Colby TV, Fernández Pérez ER, Lynch D, Müller NL, Travis WD. Diagnosis of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Review and Summary of American College of Chest Physicians Statement. Am J Surg Pathol 2022; 46:e71-e93. [PMID: 34753865 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of lung biopsies for the diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is one of the most difficult diagnostic problems for surgical pathologists. It is a form of interstitial lung disease resulting from an immune reaction provoked by an inhaled antigen in susceptible individuals. Although this definition sounds simple, in practice, the diagnosis of HP can be challenging. To address these issues, the American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) has recently published a guideline for the diagnosis of HP. In this review, we will explore the multidisciplinary diagnostic evaluation of HP with a focus on the pathologic features as outlined in the CHEST guidelines. The histologic criteria are divided into 4 diagnostic categories: (1) Typical nonfibrotic HP or fibrotic HP; (2) Compatible with nonfibrotic HP or fibrotic HP; (3) Indeterminate for nonfibrotic or fibrotic HP; and (4) Alternative Diagnosis. It is important to emphasize that patterns 1 to 3 do not represent discrete histologic entities or pathologic diagnoses. Rather, these categories are meant to serve as a practical guide for organizing a complex set of overlapping histologic patterns into an integrated diagnostic framework for facilitating multidisciplinary discussion. High-resolution computed tomography features are also summarized, emphasizing how the correlation of lung biopsies with computed tomography findings can help to favor the diagnosis, particularly in cases where biopsies are not typical for HP. This review highlights details of the histologic spectrum of HP as well as the utility of different types of biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage. We also emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary discussion and the complex differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Ryum Yang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Mary B Beasley
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Thomas V Colby
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ (Emeritus)
| | | | - David Lynch
- Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
| | - Nestor L Müller
- Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Green J, Nath S, Semaan R. Recent Advances in Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy. CURRENT PULMONOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13665-022-00288-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Millaire É, Ouellet É, Fortin M, Martel S, Milot J, Bilodeau L, Conti M, Provencher S, Dion G. Outcomes Following Surgical Lung Biopsy for Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Monocenter Experience. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022; 70:583-588. [PMID: 35151233 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical lung biopsy (SLB) is considered in the investigation of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) when a complete clinical evaluation and a multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) do not allow the clinician to make a confident diagnosis. Owing to the risk of the procedure, an appropriate assessment of the risk/benefit ratio prior to the intervention is recommended. We aimed to assess the postoperative outcomes and diagnostic yield of SLB for the investigation of ILD in a tertiary care institution. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive subjects who underwent a SLB for the investigation of ILD in our center from 2009 to 2020. The postoperative mortality and complications rates as well as the diagnostic yield of the procedure were assessed. RESULTS Of the 1,805 patients newly investigated for ILD in our center from 2009 to 2020, 71 (3.93%) underwent a SLB. At days 30 and 90, the mortality rates were 0 and 2.8%, whereas 4.3 and 7.6% patients experienced an acute ILD exacerbation, respectively. In addition, 4 (5.8%) patients experienced infectious complications and 5 (7.0%) presented prolonged air leaks (all within 30 days). A definite pathological diagnosis was made in 47 (66.2%) patients. Following postoperative MDD, a confident diagnosis was made in 61 patients (85.9%) and resulted in a change of therapy in 49 (69.0%) patients. CONCLUSION SLB for the diagnosis of unclassifiable ILDs is associated with low mortality but significant morbidity. However, it results in a confident diagnosis and a change in therapy in the majority of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Millaire
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Étienne Ouellet
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Fortin
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Simon Martel
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Milot
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lara Bilodeau
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Massimo Conti
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steeve Provencher
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Pulmonary Hypertension Research Group, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Dion
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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The histologic diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Where we are and where we need to go. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:8-14. [PMID: 34465882 PMCID: PMC8695374 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00889-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the 50 years since its inception by Dr. Liebow, the diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) by pathologists has changed significantly. This manuscript reviews the progressive history of the histologic diagnosis of UIP and summarizes the current state of histologic UIP and its relationship to the clinical syndrome idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Fibrotic lung disease mimics of UIP/IPF are reviewed and pearls for distinguishing these diseases from UIP/IPF are provided. Strategies for increasing the value of histologic assessment of biopsies in the setting of pulmonary fibrosis are also discussed.
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Ravaglia C, Poletti V. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2022; 28:9-16. [PMID: 34750300 DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0000000000000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy has shown promise in several studies in providing meaningful histological information in the multidisciplinary team diagnosis of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases. The purpose of this review is to describe recent literature providing support for the formal integration of cryobiopsy into the algorithm for interstitial lung disease diagnosis. RECENT FINDINGS Histopathological concordance between cryobiopsy and surgical biopsy and diagnostic agreement at multidisciplinary discussion have been reported good; furthermore, cryobiopsy may provide an increased diagnostic confidence to a level likely to influence management. Finally, although cryobiopsy is more likely to provide a probable usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern than a definite UIP pattern, given the limited sampling of sub-pleural lung parenchyma in most cases, finding of a probable UIP pattern at cryobiopsy samples is strongly predictive of a definite UIP pattern in the corresponding surgical biopsy and when a UIP pattern is found on cryobiopsy sample, this is associated with higher mortality compared with other histological patterns. SUMMARY Cryobiopsy is becoming a valid alternative to surgical lung biopsy for making histopathological diagnosis in patients with interstitial lung diseases of undetermined type in experienced centres, with standardized protocols, in order to have the best risks/diagnostic yields ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ravaglia
- Department of Thoracic Diseases, G.B. Morgagni Hospital/University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy
| | - Venerino Poletti
- Department of Thoracic Diseases, G.B. Morgagni Hospital/University of Bologna, Forlì, Italy
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: new concepts and classifications. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:15-27. [PMID: 34531525 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The clinical and pathologic diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis has been confounded by conflicting definitions, with two recent guidelines suggesting that hypersensitivity pneumonitis simply be diagnosed as nonfibrotic or fibrotic. Nonfibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis is usually characterized by a bronchiolocentric chronic interstitial inflammatory infiltrate, frequently but by no means always with associated granulomas or giant cells. Fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis may take the form of interstitial fibrosis confined to the peribronchiolar regions, or fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, or a process similar to and sometimes indistinguishable from usual interstitial pneumonia/idiopathic interstitial fibrosis, but the exact pathologic features that favor a diagnosis of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis are disputed. Granulomas/giant cells are much less frequent in fibrotic compared to nonfibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Extensive peribronchiolar metaplasia, particularly peribronchiolar metaplasia affecting more than half the bronchioles, supports a diagnosis of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis over usual interstitial pneumonia, as does the presence of predominantly peribronchiolar disease with relative subpleural sparing. Clinical and CT features are crucial to the diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis: sparing of the lung bases, centrilobular nodules, air-trapping, or the triple density sign with fibrosis favor a diagnosis of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis. At this point there are no molecular tests that reliably separate fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis from other forms of interstitial lung disease. Currently the separation of fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis from usual interstitial pneumonia is crucial to treatment (immunosuppressives for the former, anti-fibrotics for the latter) but this approach is changing and all progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonias will probably be treated with antifibrotics in the future.
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Rebuttal From Dr Tomassetti et al. Chest 2021; 160:2015-2016. [PMID: 34872668 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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POINT: Should Surgical Lung Biopsy Still Be Performed for Interstitial Lung Disease Evaluation? Yes. Chest 2021; 160:2007-2011. [PMID: 34872665 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Wahidi MM, Argento AC, Mahmood K, Shofer SL, Giovacchini C, Pulsipher A, Hartwig M, Tong B, Carney JM, Colby T, Neely B, Wang X, Dematte J, Ninan N, Danoff S, Morrison LD, Yarmus L. Comparison of Forceps, Cryoprobe, and Thoracoscopic Lung Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease - The CHILL Study. Respiration 2021; 101:394-400. [PMID: 34784603 DOI: 10.1159/000519674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has emerged as a less invasive method to obtain a tissue diagnosis in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). The diagnostic yield of TBLC compared to surgical lung biopsy (SLB) remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of forceps transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) and TBLC compared to SLB when making the final diagnosis based on multidisciplinary discussion (MDD). METHODS Patients enrolled in the study underwent sequential TBLB and TBLC followed immediately by SLB. De-identified cases, with blinding of the biopsy method, were reviewed by a blinded pathologist and then discussed at a multidisciplinary conference. MAIN RESULTS Between August 2013 and October 2017, we enrolled 16 patients. The raw agreement between TBLC and SLB for the MDD final diagnosis was 68.75% with a Cohen's kappa of 0.6 (95% CI 0.39, 0.81). Raw agreement and Cohen's kappa of TBLB versus TBLC and TBLB versus SLB for the MDD final diagnosis were much lower (50%, 0.21 [95% CI 0, 0.42] and 18.75%, 0.08 [95% CI -0.03, 0.19], respectively). TBLC was associated with mild bleeding (grade 1 bleeding requiring suction to clear) in 56.2% of patients. CONCLUSIONS In patients with ILD who have an uncertain type based on clinical and radiographic data and require tissue sampling to obtain a specific diagnosis, TBLC showed moderate correlation with SLB when making the diagnosis with MDD guidance. TBLB showed poor concordance with both TBLC and SLB MDD diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momen M Wahidi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Angela Christine Argento
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kamran Mahmood
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Scott L Shofer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Coral Giovacchini
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aaron Pulsipher
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Hartwig
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Betty Tong
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John M Carney
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas Colby
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Emeritus), Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Ben Neely
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jane Dematte
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Neil Ninan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Touro Infirmary, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sonye Danoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lake Daniel Morrison
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lonny Yarmus
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Marinescu DC, Ryerson CJ. Endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease: A Light at the End of the Tunnel? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 204:1122-1124. [PMID: 34473937 PMCID: PMC8759298 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202108-1899ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel-Costin Marinescu
- Department of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Heart Lung Innovation St. Paul's Hospital Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher J Ryerson
- Department of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Heart Lung Innovation St. Paul's Hospital Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Nandy S, Raphaely RA, Muniappan A, Shih A, Roop BW, Sharma A, Keyes CM, Colby TV, Auchincloss HG, Gaissert HA, Lanuti M, Morse CR, Ott HC, Wain JC, Wright CD, Garcia-Moliner ML, Smith ML, VanderLaan PA, Berigei SR, Mino-Kenudson M, Horick NK, Liang LL, Davies DL, Szabari MV, Caravan P, Medoff BD, Tager AM, Suter MJ, Hariri LP. Diagnostic Accuracy of Endobronchial Optical Coherence Tomography for the Microscopic Diagnosis of Usual Interstitial Pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 204:1164-1179. [PMID: 34375171 PMCID: PMC8759308 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202104-0847oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Early, accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) informs prognosis and therapy, especially in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Current diagnostic methods are imperfect. High-resolution computed tomography has limited resolution, and surgical lung biopsy (SLB) carries risks of morbidity and mortality. Endobronchial optical coherence tomography (EB-OCT) is a low-risk, bronchoscope-compatible modality that images large lung volumes in vivo with microscopic resolution, including subpleural lung, and has the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy of bronchoscopy for ILD diagnosis. Objectives: We performed a prospective diagnostic accuracy study of EB-OCT in patients with ILD with a low-confidence diagnosis undergoing SLB. The primary endpoints were EB-OCT sensitivity/specificity for diagnosis of the histopathologic pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and clinical IPF. The secondary endpoint was agreement between EB-OCT and SLB for diagnosis of the ILD fibrosis pattern. Methods: EB-OCT was performed immediately before SLB. The resulting EB-OCT images and histopathology were interpreted by blinded, independent pathologists. Clinical diagnosis was obtained from the treating pulmonologists after SLB, blinded to EB-OCT. Measurements and Main Results: We enrolled 31 patients, and 4 were excluded because of inconclusive histopathology or lack of EB-OCT data. Twenty-seven patients were included in the analysis (16 men, average age: 65.0 yr): 12 were diagnosed with UIP and 15 with non-UIP ILD. Average FVC and DlCO were 75.3% (SD, 18.5) and 53.5% (SD, 16.4), respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of EB-OCT was 100% (95% confidence interval, 75.8-100.0%) and 100% (79.6-100%), respectively, for both histopathologic UIP and clinical diagnosis of IPF. There was high agreement between EB-OCT and histopathology for diagnosis of ILD fibrosis pattern (weighted κ: 0.87 [0.72-1.0]). Conclusions: EB-OCT is a safe, accurate method for microscopic ILD diagnosis, as a complement to high-resolution computed tomography and an alternative to SLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreyankar Nandy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca A. Raphaely
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ashok Muniappan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angela Shih
- Department of Pathology
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin W. Roop
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine
| | - Amita Sharma
- Department of Radiology, and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Colleen M. Keyes
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas V. Colby
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | | | | | - Michael Lanuti
- Division of Thoracic Surgery
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Harald C. Ott
- Division of Thoracic Surgery
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John C. Wain
- Division of Thoracic Surgery
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cameron D. Wright
- Division of Thoracic Surgery
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria L. Garcia-Moliner
- Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Maxwell L. Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Paul A. VanderLaan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarita R. Berigei
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine
| | | | - Nora K. Horick
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Margit V. Szabari
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Caravan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts; and
- Institute for Innovation in Imaging (i), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin D. Medoff
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew M. Tager
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Melissa J. Suter
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lida P. Hariri
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine
- Department of Pathology
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Li Y, Wei J, Jiang J, Ao Z, Yi X, Li X, Zhu X, Xiao Y, Herth FJF, Guo S. Evaluation of Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy Freezing Time, Biopsy Size, Histological Quality, and Incidence of Complication: A Prospective Clinical Trial. Respiration 2021; 101:291-298. [PMID: 34706367 DOI: 10.1159/000519279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB), a novel way of obtaining a specimen of lung tissue using a flexible cryoprobe, can obtain large lung biopsies without crush artifacts. The freezing time of TBCB was empirically selected from 3 to 7 s in the previous studies. However, no consensus has yet been reached regarding the optimal freezing time used in TBCB. OBJECTIVES The primary endpoint was biopsy size in different freezing times. The secondary endpoints included sample histological quality, diagnostic confidence, and complications in different freezing times. METHODS Patients who were suspected of DPLD requiring histopathological examination for further evaluation were enrolled in this study. Distinct biopsies were obtained by using different freezing times increased from 3 to 6 s sequentially. Samples were reviewed by 2 external expert pathologists. RESULTS A total of 33 patients were enrolled, and 143 transbronchial cryobiopsies were taken in this trial. An average of 4.33 samples were taken from each patient. The mean biopsy size of different freezing times from 3 to 6 s was 9.10 ± 4.37, 13.23 ± 5.83, 16.26 ± 5.67, and 18.83 ± 7.50 mm2, respectively. A strong correlation between freezing time and biopsy size was observed (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). Statistically significant difference of biopsy size was detected in the freezing time of 3 s versus 4 s (p < 0.01) and 4 s versus 5 s (p = 0.02), but not in the freezing time of 5 s versus 6 s (p = 0.10). Overall bleeding in different freezing times from 3 to 6 s was 53.33%, 67.50%, 89.47%, and 77.14%, respectively. A significantly higher overall bleeding was observed when the freezing time exceeded 4 s (RR = 1.67, p < 0.01). Pneumothorax occurred in 4 cases (12.12%). One lethal case (3.03%) was noted 25 days after TBCB. Lung parenchyma was preserved well in all cryobiopsy samples. Thirty-one (93.94%) patients' histopathological findings were identified as sufficient to establish a CRP diagnosis. There was no statistical difference in diagnostic confidence between different freezing times. CONCLUSION A longer freezing time was associated with a larger size of the biopsy sample but a higher risk of bleeding. The optimal transbronchial cryobiopsy freezing time is 3-4 s, which is easily achievable and provides an adequate biopsy size whilst creating a safety threshold from complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,
| | - Jiawei Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinyue Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Ao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianghua Yi
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuyou Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Felix J F Herth
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shuliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Ishimoto H, Sakamoto N, Ozasa M, Tsutsui S, Hara A, Kido T, Yamaguchi H, Yamamoto K, Obase Y, Ishimatsu Y, Mukae H. Idiopathic desquamative interstitial pneumonia diagnosed using transbronchial lung cryobiopsy: A case report. Respir Med Case Rep 2021; 34:101523. [PMID: 34692398 PMCID: PMC8515295 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2021.101523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A 60-year-old Japanese man with a history of heavy smoking came to our hospital for a detailed examination, suspecting interstitial pneumonia because of gradually increasing dyspnea on exertion over a period of one year. Chest high-resolution computed tomography revealed ground-glass shadows with emphysematous changes. Pathological analysis of samples obtained using transbronchial lung cryobiopsy revealed an accumulation of alveolar macrophages with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in the alveolar space. Following a multidisciplinary discussion, the patient was diagnosed with desquamative interstitial pneumonia. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed report of desquamative interstitial pneumonia diagnosed using transbronchial lung cryobiopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Noriho Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ozasa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shin Tsutsui
- Department of Radiology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuko Hara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Kido
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yasushi Obase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishimatsu
- Department of Nursing, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
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Zhao Y, Jiang F, Yu H, Wang Y, Wang Z, Sun P, Ni Z, Wang W, Jiang L, Fan J, Zhang L, Powell CA, Liang Z. Bronchus-blocked ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (BUS-PTNB) for intubated patients with severe lung diseases. Crit Care 2021; 25:359. [PMID: 34649600 PMCID: PMC8515780 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-021-03782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Examinations based on lung tissue specimen can play a significant role in the diagnosis for critically ill and intubated patients with lung infiltration. However, severe complications including tension pneumothorax and intrabronchial hemorrhage limit the application of needle biopsy. METHODS A refined needle biopsy technique, named bronchus-blocked ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (BUS-PTNB), was performed on four intubated patients between August 2020 and April 2021. BUS-PTNB was done at bedside, following an EPUBNOW (evaluation, preparation, ultrasound location, bronchus blocking, needle biopsy, observation, and withdrawal of blocker) workflow. Parameters including procedure feasibility, sample acquisition, perioperative conditions, and complications were observed. Tissue specimens were sent to pathological examinations and microbial tests. RESULTS Adequate specimens were successfully obtained from four patients. Diagnosis and treatment were correspondingly refined based on pathological and microbial tests. Intrabronchial hemorrhage occurred in patient 1 but was stopped by endobronchial blocker. Mild pneumothorax happened in patient 4 due to little air leakage, and closed thoracic drainage was placed. During the procedure, peripheral capillary hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SPO2), blood pressure, and heart rate of patient 4 fluctuated but recovered quickly. Vital signs were stable for patient 1-3. CONCLUSIONS BUS-PTNB provides a promising, practical and feasible method in acquiring tissue specimen for critically ill patients under intratracheal intubation. It may facilitate the pathological diagnosis or other tissue-based tests for intubated patients and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuean Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Faming Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - He Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong Ni
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiya Wang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junping Fan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Charles A Powell
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zongan Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Diagnosis yield and safety of surgical biopsy in interstitial lung diseases: a prospective study. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 114:1911-1917. [PMID: 34599907 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical lung biopsy is essential in the diagnostic algorithm of interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown cause. Safety concerns have been recently reiterated. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the yield of diagnosis and safety of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical lung biopsy (VATS-LB) for ILD diagnosis. METHODS This prospective study, conducted in 6 ILD-referral Paris hospitals, included 103 patients with ILD. After initial multidisciplinary discussion, VATS-LB was proposed. A final diagnosis was made after the procedure, during a second multidisciplinary discussion. The main outcome was to determine the final diagnoses and their proportion after VATS-LB. Other outcomes were the percentage of change in diagnosis and treatment propositions after VATS-LB and adverse events during 3 months after surgery, postoperative pulmonary function, quality of life and pain. RESULTS A definite diagnosis was reached in 87 cases (84.4%), while 16 remained unclassifiable (15.6%). Hypothesized diagnosis and treatment changed after VATS-LB in 65 (63.1%) and in 41 patients (39.8%), respectively. There was one death due to acute exacerbation. In-hospital complications were predicted by a lower preoperative distance at 6-minute walking test and by forced vital capacity lower than 77%. Postoperative quality of life was not modified at 3 months while forced vital capacity decreased slightly. Postoperative neuropathic pain was revealed in 5% and 2% patients at 1 and 3 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS VATS-LB dramatically changed preoperative hypothetical diagnoses and treatment in ILD of unknown cause with good patient survival in ILD-referral centers.
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Abstract
Detailed understanding of longitudinal behavior, response to therapy, and applicable biomarkers for interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is lacking. There is a need for a large multicenter registry that provides researchers and clinicians access to well-characterized data not limited to patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry (PFF-PR) is a database that collects baseline and longitudinal demographic and clinical information about patients with ILDs in the United States. The objective of this study is to describe the patient population, data collection process, and opportunities for retrospective and prospective research with the PFF-PR. Individuals 18 years or older who had ILD diagnosed and who were seen at PFF-PR centers who provided informed consent were eligible to participate. Baseline and longitudinal demographic, spirometric, radiographic, morbidity, and mortality data are recorded into a secure electronic data capture system. Starting in 2016, the PFF-PR has collected data on 2,003 patients at 42 clinical sites in the United States. At the time of enrollment, the mean age of participants was 68 years old. Most (62%) of participants were male, and 58% had a positive smoking history. The mean forced vital capacity was 69% predicted, and the mean diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide was 43% predicted. Forty-one percent of patients were using supplemental oxygen, and 39% were on antifibrotic therapy. Reasons for attrition were mostly death or transplant, with low rates of loss to follow-up or withdrawal. The PFF-PR is a large multicenter United States-based registry that provides researchers and clinicians access to well-characterized ILD patient data.
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