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Englisch C, Moik F, Thaler J, Koder S, Mackman N, Preusser M, Pabinger I, Ay C. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor is associated with risk of venous thromboembolism and all-cause mortality in patients with cancer. Haematologica 2024; 109:1128-1136. [PMID: 37822244 PMCID: PMC10985431 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in patients with cancer. Data on the role of natural inhibitors of coagulation for occurrence of cancer-associated VTE are limited, thus, we investigated the association of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) with risk of VTE and all-cause mortality in patients with cancer. Total TFPI antigen levels were measured with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay in patients included in the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study, a prospective observational cohort study with the primary outcome VTE. Competing risk analysis and Cox regression analysis were performed to explore the association of TFPI levels with VTE and all-cause mortality. TFPI was analyzed in 898 patients (median age 62 years; interquartile range [IQR], 53-68; 407 (45%) women). Sixty-seven patients developed VTE and 387 died (24-month cumulative risk 7.5% and 42.1%, respectively). Patients had median TFPI levels at study inclusion of 56.4 ng/mL (IQR, 45.7-70.0), with highest levels in tumor types known to have a high risk of VTE (gastroesophageal, pancreatic and brain cancer: 62.0 ng/mL; IQR, 52.0-75.0). In multivariable analysis adjusting for age, sex, cancer type and stage, TFPI levels were associated with VTE risk (subdistribution hazard ratio per doubling =1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-2.57). When patients with high and intermediate/low VTE risk were analyzed separately, the association remained independently associated in the high risk group only (subdistribution hazard ratio =2.63, 95% CI: 1.40-4.94). TFPI levels were independently associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio =2.36, 95% CI: 1.85-3.00). In cancer patients increased TFPI levels are associated with VTE risk, specifically in patients with high-risk tumor types, and with all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Englisch
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna
| | - Florian Moik
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna, Austria; Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz
| | - Johannes Thaler
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna
| | - Silvia Koder
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, UNC Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna
| | - Ingrid Pabinger
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna
| | - Cihan Ay
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna; Vienna.
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2
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Jung BG, Samten B, Dean K, Wallace RJ, Brown-Elliott BA, Tucker T, Idell S, Philley JV, Vankayalapati R. Early IL-17A production helps establish Mycobacterium intracellulare infection in mice. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010454. [PMID: 35363832 PMCID: PMC9007361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is common in patients with structural lung damage. To address how NTM infection is established and causes lung damage, we established an NTM mouse model by intranasal inoculation of clinical isolates of M. intracellulare. During the 39-week course of infection, the bacteria persistently grew in the lung and caused progressive granulomatous and fibrotic lung damage with mortality exceeding 50%. Lung neutrophils were significantly increased at 1 week postinfection, reduced at 2 weeks postinfection and increased again at 39 weeks postinfection. IL-17A was increased in the lungs at 1–2 weeks of infection and reduced at 3 weeks postinfection. Depletion of neutrophils during early (0–2 weeks) and late (32–34 weeks) infection had no effect on mortality or lung damage in chronically infected mice. However, neutralization of IL-17A during early infection significantly reduced bacterial burden, fibrotic lung damage, and mortality in chronically infected mice. Since it is known that IL-17A regulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and that MMPs contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, we determined the levels of MMPs in the lungs of M. intracellulare-infected mice. Interestingly, MMP-3 was significantly reduced by anti-IL-17A neutralizing antibody. Moreover, in vitro data showed that exogenous IL-17A exaggerated the production of MMP-3 by lung epithelial cells upon M. intracellulare infection. Collectively, our findings suggest that early IL-17A production precedes and promotes organized pulmonary M. intracellulare infection in mice, at least in part through MMP-3 production. To determine how nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is established and how NTM disease progresses, we established a chronic NTM mouse model by intranasal inoculation of M. intracellulare, one of the most frequently isolated strains in NTM patients. The bacteria persistently grew in the lungs and caused fibrotic lung damage with over 50% mortality over 39 weeks. Neutrophils and IL-17A rapidly increased in the lung during early (1–2 weeks) infection, and neutrophils reappeared at 39 weeks postinfection. Depletion of neutrophils during early (0–2 weeks) and chronic (32–34 weeks) infection had no effect on mortality or lung damage in chronically infected mice. Neutralization of IL-17A during early (0–2 weeks) infection significantly reduced mortality, bacterial burden, fibrotic lung damage, and lung matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 at 39 weeks postinfection. Exogenous IL-17A exaggerated the production of MMP-3, but not MMP-9, by lung epithelial cells upon M. intracellulare infection. This study demonstrates that early IL-17A production contributes to established M. intracellulare infection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bock-Gie Jung
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Buka Samten
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kristin Dean
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Wallace
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Barbara A. Brown-Elliott
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Torry Tucker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Steven Idell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
- The Texas Lung Injury Institute, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Julie V. Philley
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ramakrishna Vankayalapati
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, United States of America
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3
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Duan X, Chen H, Zhou X, Liu P, Zhang X, Zhu Q, Zhong L, Zhang W, Zhang S, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Yang C, Feng QS, Zeng YX, Xu M, Xiang T. EBV infection in epithelial malignancies induces resistance to antitumor natural killer cells via F3-mediated platelet aggregation. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1070-1083. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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TGF-β regulation of the uPA/uPAR axis modulates mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MesoMT). Sci Rep 2021; 11:21210. [PMID: 34707211 PMCID: PMC8551303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease which affects approximately 30,000 people per year in the United States. Injury and sustained inflammation of the pleural space can result in PF, restricting lung expansion and impairing oxygen exchange. During the progression of pleural injury, normal pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) undergo a transition, termed mesothelial mesenchymal transition (MesoMT). While multiple components of the fibrinolytic pathway have been investigated in pleural remodeling and PF, the role of the urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is unknown. We found that uPAR is robustly expressed by pleural mesothelial cells in PF. Downregulation of uPAR by siRNA blocked TGF-β mediated MesoMT. TGF-β was also found to significantly induce uPA expression in PMCs undergoing MesoMT. Like uPAR, uPA downregulation blocked TGF-β mediated MesoMT. Further, uPAR is critical for uPA mediated MesoMT. LRP1 downregulation likewise blunted TGF-β mediated MesoMT. These findings are consistent with in vivo analyses, which showed that uPAR knockout mice were protected from S. pneumoniae-mediated decrements in lung function and restriction. Histological assessments of pleural fibrosis including pleural thickening and α-SMA expression were likewise reduced in uPAR knockout mice compared to WT mice. These studies strongly support the concept that uPAR targeting strategies could be beneficial for the treatment of PF.
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5
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Qin W, Jeffers A, Owens S, Chauhan P, Komatsu S, Qian G, Guo X, Ikebe M, Idell S, Tucker TA. NOX1 Promotes Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition through Modulation of Reactive Oxygen Species-mediated Signaling. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:492-503. [PMID: 33513310 PMCID: PMC8008807 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0077oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural organization may occur after empyema or complicated parapneumonic effusion and can result in restrictive lung disease with pleural fibrosis (PF). Pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) may contribute to PF through acquisition of a profibrotic phenotype, mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MesoMT), which is characterized by increased expression of α-SMA (α-smooth muscle actin) and other myofibroblast markers. Although MesoMT has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PF, the role of the reactive oxygen species and the NOX (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase) family in pleural remodeling remains unclear. Here, we show that NOX1 expression is enhanced in nonspecific human pleuritis and is induced in PMCs by THB (thrombin). 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal, an indicator of reactive oxygen species damage, was likewise increased in our mouse model of pleural injury. NOX1 downregulation blocked THB- and Xa (factor Xa)-mediated MesoMT, as did pharmacologic inhibition of NOX1 with ML-171. NOX1 inhibition also reduced phosphorylation of Akt, p65, and tyrosine 216-GSK-3β, signaling molecules previously shown to be implicated in MesoMT. Conversely, ML-171 did not reverse established MesoMT. NOX4 downregulation attenuated TGF-β- and THB-mediated MesoMT. However, NOX1 downregulation did not affect NOX4 expression. NOX1- and NOX4-deficient mice were also protected in our mouse model of Streptococcus pneumoniae-mediated PF. These data show that NOX1 and NOX4 are critical determinants of MesoMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Qin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Ann Jeffers
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Shuzi Owens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Prashant Chauhan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Satoshi Komatsu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Guoqing Qian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Xia Guo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Mitsuo Ikebe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Steven Idell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Torry A Tucker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
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6
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Tucker T, Tsukasaki Y, Sakai T, Mitsuhashi S, Komatsu S, Jeffers A, Idell S, Ikebe M. Myocardin Is Involved in Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Pleural Mesothelial Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:86-96. [PMID: 30605348 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0121oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural fibrosis is characterized by severe inflammation of the pleural space and pleural reorganization. Subsequent thickening of the visceral pleura contributes to lung stiffness and impaired lung function. Pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) can become myofibroblasts via mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MesoMT) and contribute to pleural organization, fibrosis, and rind formation. However, the mechanisms that underlie MesoMT remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of myocardin in the induction of MesoMT. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and thrombin induced MesoMT and markedly upregulated the expression of myocardin, but not myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) or MRTF-B, in human PMCs (HPMCs). TGF-β stimulation notably induced the nuclear translocation of myocardin in HPMCs, whereas nuclear translocation of MRTF-A and MRTF-B was not observed. Several genes under the control of myocardin were upregulated in cells undergoing MesoMT, an effect that was accompanied by a dramatic cytoskeletal reorganization of HPMCs consistent with a migratory phenotype. Myocardin gene silencing blocked TGF-β- and thrombin-induced MesoMT. Although myocardin upregulation was blocked, MRTF-A and MRTF-B were unchanged. Myocardin, α-SMA, calponin, and smooth muscle myosin were notably upregulated in the thickened pleura of carbon black/bleomycin and empyema mouse models of fibrosing pleural injury. Similar results were observed in human nonspecific pleuritis. In a TGF-β mouse model of pleural fibrosis, PMC-specific knockout of myocardin protected against decrements in lung function. Further, TGF-β-induced pleural thickening was abolished by PMC-specific myocardin knockout, which was accompanied by a marked reduction of myocardin, calponin, and α-SMA expression compared with floxed-myocardin controls. These novel results show that myocardin participates in the development of MesoMT in HPMCs and contributes to the pathogenesis of pleural organization and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torry Tucker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Yoshikazu Tsukasaki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Tsuyoshi Sakai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Shinya Mitsuhashi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Satoshi Komatsu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Ann Jeffers
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Steven Idell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
| | - Mitsuo Ikebe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas
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7
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Jeffers A, Qin W, Owens S, Koenig KB, Komatsu S, Giles FJ, Schmitt DM, Idell S, Tucker TA. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibition with 9-ING-41 Attenuates the Progression of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18925. [PMID: 31831767 PMCID: PMC6908609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55176-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with a median survival of 3 years after diagnosis. Although the etiology of IPF is unknown, it is characterized by extensive alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis and proliferation of myofibroblasts in the lungs. While the origins of these myofibroblast appear to be diverse, fibroblast differentiation contributes to expansion of myofibroblasts and to disease progression. We found that agents that contribute to neomatrix formation and remodeling in pulmonary fibrosis (PF); TGF-β, Factor Xa, thrombin, plasmin and uPA all induced fibroblast/myofibroblast differentiation. These same mediators enhanced GSK-3β activation via phosphorylation of tyrosine-216 (p-Y216). Inhibition of GSK-3β signaling with the novel inhibitor 9-ING-41 blocked the induction of myofibroblast markers; α-SMA and Col-1 and reduced morphological changes of myofibroblast differentiation. In in vivo studies, the progression of TGF-β and bleomycin mediated PF was significantly attenuated by 9-ING-41 administered at 7 and 14 days respectively after the establishment of injury. Specifically, 9-ING-41 treatment significantly improved lung function (compliance and lung volumes; p < 0.05) of TGF-β adenovirus treated mice compared to controls. Similar results were found in mice with bleomycin-induced PF. These studies clearly show that activation of the GSK-3β signaling pathway is critical for the induction of myofibroblast differentiation in lung fibroblasts ex vivo and pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. The results offer a strong premise supporting the continued investigation of the GSK-3β signaling pathway in the control of fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and fibrosing lung injury. These data provide a strong rationale for extension of clinical trials of 9-ING-41 to patients with IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Jeffers
- The Texas Lung Injury Institute, Tyler, TX, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Wenyi Qin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Shuzi Owens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen B Koenig
- The Texas Lung Injury Institute, Tyler, TX, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Satoshi Komatsu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Steven Idell
- The Texas Lung Injury Institute, Tyler, TX, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Torry A Tucker
- The Texas Lung Injury Institute, Tyler, TX, USA. .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA.
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8
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Liu S, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Wang J, Di C, Zhao Y, Ji T, Cheng K, Wang Y, Chen L, Qi Y, Li S, Nie G. Tumor-Specific Silencing of Tissue Factor Suppresses Metastasis and Prevents Cancer-Associated Hypercoagulability. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:4721-4730. [PMID: 31180684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Within tumors, the coagulation-inducing protein tissue factor (TF), a major initiator of blood coagulation, has been shown to play a critical role in the hematogenous metastasis of tumors, due to its effects on tumor hypercoagulability and on the mediation of interactions between platelets and tumor cells. Targeting tumor-associated TF has therefore great therapeutic potential for antimetastasis therapy and preventing thrombotic complication in cancer patients. Herein, we reported a novel peptide-based nanoparticle that targets delivery and release of small interfering RNA (siRNA) into the tumor site to silence the expression of tumor-associated TF. We showed that suppression of TF expression in tumor cells blocks platelet adhesion surrounding tumor cells in vitro. The downregulation of TF expression in intravenously administered tumor cells (i.e., simulated circulating tumor cells [CTCs]) prevented platelet adhesion around CTCs and decreased CTCs survival in the lung. In a breast cancer mouse model, siRNA-containing nanoparticles efficiently attenuated TF expression in the tumor microenvironment and remarkably reduced the amount of lung metastases in both an experimental lung metastasis model and tumor-bearing mice. What's more, this strategy reversed the hypercoagulable state of the tumor bearing mice by decreasing the generation of thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT) and activated platelets, both of which are downstream products of TF. Our study describes a promising approach to combat metastasis and prevent cancer-associated thrombosis, which advances TF as a therapeutic target toward clinic applications.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Silencing
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Mice, Nude
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Nanoparticles/therapeutic use
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/metabolism
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating/pathology
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Thrombophilia/genetics
- Thrombophilia/metabolism
- Thrombophilia/prevention & control
- Thromboplastin/biosynthesis
- Thromboplastin/genetics
- Thrombosis/genetics
- Thrombosis/metabolism
- Thrombosis/pathology
- Thrombosis/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Chunzhi Di
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Tianjiao Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Keman Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yongwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Long Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yingqiu Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450001 , China
| | - Suping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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9
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Schmidt MCB, Morais KLP, Almeida MESD, Iqbal A, Goldfeder MB, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM. Amblyomin-X, a recombinant Kunitz-type inhibitor, regulates cell adhesion and migration of human tumor cells. Cell Adh Migr 2018; 14:129-138. [PMID: 30238848 PMCID: PMC7527229 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2018.1516982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In a tumor microenvironment, endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis allow cancer to spread to other organs causing metastasis. Indeed, a number of molecules that are involved in cytoskeleton re-organization and intracellular signaling have been investigated for their effects on tumor cell growth and metastasis. Alongside that, Amblyomin-X, a recombinant Kunitz-type protein, has been shown to reduce metastasis and tumor growth in in vivo experiments. In the present report, we provide a mechanistic insight to these antitumor effects, this is, Amblyomin-X modulates Rho-GTPases and uPAR signaling, and reduces the release of MMPs, leading to disruption of the actin cytoskeleton and decreased cell migration of tumor cell lines. Altogether, our data support a role for Amblyomin-X as a novel potential antitumor drug. ABBREVIATIONS Amb-X: Amblyomin-X; ECGF: endotelial cell growth factor; ECM: extracellular matrix; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HUVEC: human umbilical vein endothelial cell; LRP1: low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; MMP: matrix metalloproteinase; HPI-4: hedgehog pathway inhibitor 4; PAI-1: plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; PMA: phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate; TFPI: tissue factor pathway inhibitor; uPA: urokinase plasminogen activator; uPAR: uPA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Costa Braga Schmidt
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia L P Morais
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maíra Estanislau Soares de Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Barbugiani Goldfeder
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Butantan Institute , São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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10
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Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Blocks Mesomesenchymal Transition and Attenuates Streptococcus pneumonia-Mediated Pleural Injury in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:2461-2472. [PMID: 29073967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pleural loculation affects about 30,000 patients annually in the United States and in severe cases can resolve with restrictive lung disease and pleural fibrosis. Pleural mesothelial cells contribute to pleural rind formation by undergoing mesothelial mesenchymal transition (MesoMT), whereby they acquire a profibrotic phenotype characterized by increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen 1. Components of the fibrinolytic pathway (urokinase plasminogen activator and plasmin) are elaborated in pleural injury and strongly induce MesoMT in vitro. These same stimuli enhance glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β activity through increased phosphorylation of Tyr-216 in pleural mesothelial cells and GSK-3β mobilization from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. GSK-3β down-regulation blocked induction of MesoMT. Likewise, GSK-3β inhibitor 9ING41 blocked induction of MesoMT and reversed established MesoMT. Similar results were demonstrated in a mouse model of Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced empyema. Intraperitoneal administration of 9ING41, after the induction of pleural injury, attenuated injury progression and improved lung function (lung volume and compliance; P < 0.05 compared with untreated and vehicle controls). MesoMT marker α-smooth muscle actin was reduced in 9ING41-treated mice. Pleural thickening was also notably reduced in 9ING41-treated mice (P < 0.05). Collectively, these studies identify GSK-3β as a newly identified target for amelioration of empyema-related pleural fibrosis and provide a strong rationale for further investigation of GSK-3β signaling in the control of MesoMT and pleural injury.
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Abstract
Hemophilia is a severe bleeding disorder treated by infusion of the missing blood coagulation protein, factor VIII or factor IX. The discovery and characterization of the anticoagulant protein tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) led to the realization that inhibition of TFPI activity could restore functional hemostasis through the extrinsic blood coagulation pathway in a manner that does not require the activity of factors VIII or IX. There are currently several therapeutic agents that inhibit TFPI in development for treatment of hemophilia. A comprehensive understanding of TFPI structure, biochemistry, and cellular expression is necessary to understand how it modulates bleeding in hemophilia and the physiological impact of therapeutic agents targeting TFPI.
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Andresen MS, Ali HO, Myklebust CF, Sandset PM, Stavik B, Iversen N, Skretting G. Estrogen induced expression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 in MCF7 cells involves lysine-specific demethylase 1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 443:80-88. [PMID: 28088469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive cancers can be influenced by estrogens, a process usually mediated through the estrogen receptor (ER). Tissue factor pathway inhibitor type 2 (TFPI-2) is a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor involved in regulating the extracellular matrix. The present study demonstrates that the expression of TFPI-2 can be induced by estrogens. Breast cancer data from GOBO displayed increased levels of TFPI-2 and increased survival in patients with ERα+ tumors. Treatment of MCF7 cells (ERα+) with 17β-estradiol (E2) or 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) increased TFPI-2 mRNA and protein levels. This effect was mitigated with fulvestrant and by knocking down ERα, indicating that estrogen mediated TFPI-2 induction was through ERα. Upon knock down of DNA cytosine-5 methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) or lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in MCF7 cells, reduced effect of E2 on TFPI-2 mRNA levels was observed. Our data thus suggest that estrogen induced TFPI-2 expression in MCF7 cells is mediated by ERα and also by the action of LSD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne S Andresen
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Huda Omar Ali
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Filion Myklebust
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte Stavik
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina Iversen
- Dept. of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Grethe Skretting
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
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Gamperl H, Plattfaut C, Freund A, Quecke T, Theophil F, Gieseler F. Extracellular vesicles from malignant effusions induce tumor cell migration: inhibitory effect of LMWH tinzaparin. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:1050-61. [PMID: 27435911 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been correlated with inflammatory diseases as well as progressive and metastatic cancer. By presenting tissue factor (TF) on their membrane surface, cellular microparticles (MPs) activate both the coagulation system and cell-signaling pathways such as the PAR/ERK pathway. We have shown before that malignant effusions are a rich source of tumor cell-derived EVs. Here, we used EVs from malignant effusions from three different patients after serial low-speed centrifugation steps as recommended by the ISTH (lsEV). Significant migration of human pancreatic carcinoma cells could be induced by lsEVs and was effectively inhibited by pre-incubation with tinzaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin. Tinzaparin induced tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) release from tumor cells, and recombinant TFPI inhibited EV-induced tumor cell migration. EVs also induced ERK phosphorylation, whereas inhibitors of PAR2 and ERK suppressed EV-induced tumor cell migration. LsEVs have been characterized by high-resolution flow cytometry and, after elimination of smaller vesicles including exosomes, by further high-speed centrifugation (hsEV). The remaining population consisting primarily of MPs is indeed the main migration-inducing population with tenase activity. Compared to other LMWHs, tinzaparin is suggested to have high potency to induce TFPI release from epithelial cells. The migration-inhibitory effect of TFPI and the interruption of tumor cell migration by inhibitors of PAR2 and ERK suggest that lsEVs induce tumor cell migration by activating the PAR2 signaling pathway. Tinzaparin might inhibit this process at least partly by inducing the release of TFPI from tumor cells, which blocks PAR-activating TF complexes. The clinical relevance of the results is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Gamperl
- Experimental Oncology, Ethics and Palliative Care in Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School, UKSH, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Corinna Plattfaut
- Experimental Oncology, Ethics and Palliative Care in Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School, UKSH, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Annika Freund
- Experimental Oncology, Ethics and Palliative Care in Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School, UKSH, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Tabea Quecke
- Experimental Oncology, Ethics and Palliative Care in Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School, UKSH, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Friederike Theophil
- Experimental Oncology, Ethics and Palliative Care in Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School, UKSH, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Frank Gieseler
- Experimental Oncology, Ethics and Palliative Care in Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School, UKSH, Luebeck, Germany.
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Tucker TA, Jeffers A, Boren J, Quaid B, Owens S, Koenig KB, Tsukasaki Y, Florova G, Komissarov AA, Ikebe M, Idell S. Organizing empyema induced in mice by Streptococcus pneumoniae: effects of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency. Clin Transl Med 2016; 5:17. [PMID: 27271877 PMCID: PMC4896893 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0097-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pleural infection affects about 65,000 patients annually in the US and UK. In this and other forms of pleural injury, mesothelial cells (PMCs) undergo a process called mesothelial (Meso) mesenchymal transition (MT), by which PMCs acquire a profibrogenic phenotype with increased expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and matrix proteins. MesoMT thereby contributes to pleural organization with fibrosis and lung restriction. Current murine empyema models are characterized by early mortality, limiting analysis of the pathogenesis of pleural organization and mechanisms that promote MesoMT after infection. Methods A new murine empyema model was generated in C57BL/6 J mice by intrapleural delivery of Streptococcus pneumoniae (D39, 3 × 107–5 × 109 cfu) to enable use of genetically manipulated animals. CT-scanning and pulmonary function tests were used to characterize the physiologic consequences of organizing empyema. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to assess pleural injury. ELISA, cytokine array and western analyses were used to assess pleural fluid mediators and markers of MesoMT in primary PMCs. Results Induction of empyema was done through intranasal or intrapleural delivery of S. pneumoniae. Intranasal delivery impaired lung compliance (p < 0.05) and reduced lung volume (p < 0.05) by 7 days, but failed to reliably induce empyema and was characterized by unacceptable mortality. Intrapleural delivery of S. pneumoniae induced empyema by 24 h with lung restriction and development of pleural fibrosis which persisted for up to 14 days. Markers of MesoMT were increased in the visceral pleura of S. pneumoniae infected mice. KC, IL-17A, MIP-1β, MCP-1, PGE2 and plasmin activity were increased in pleural lavage of infected mice at 7 days. PAI-1−/− mice died within 4 days, had increased pleural inflammation and higher PGE2 levels than WT mice. PGE2 was induced in primary PMCs by uPA and plasmin and induced markers of MesoMT. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first murine model of subacute, organizing empyema. The model can be used to identify factors that, like PAI-1 deficiency, alter outcomes and dissect their contribution to pleural organization, rind formation and lung restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torry A Tucker
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA.
| | - Ann Jeffers
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Jake Boren
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Brandon Quaid
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Shuzi Owens
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Kathleen B Koenig
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Yoshikazu Tsukasaki
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Galina Florova
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Andrey A Komissarov
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Mitsuo Ikebe
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Steven Idell
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, 11937 US HWY 271, Biomedical Research Building, Lab C-5, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
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Bazzarelli AK, Scheer AS, Tai LH, Seth R, de Souza CT, Petrcich W, Jonker DJ, Maroun JA, Carrier M, Auer RC. Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Gene Polymorphism −33T → C Predicts Improved Disease-Free Survival in Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23:2274-80. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Venkatasubramanian S, Tripathi D, Tucker T, Paidipally P, Cheekatla S, Welch E, Raghunath A, Jeffers A, Tvinnereim AR, Schechter ME, Andrade BB, Mackman N, Idell S, Vankayalapati R. Tissue factor expression by myeloid cells contributes to protective immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:464-79. [PMID: 26471500 PMCID: PMC4740218 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in hemostasis by activating coagulation. TF is also expressed by monocytes/macrophages as part of the innate immune response to infections. In the current study, we determined the role of TF expressed by myeloid cells during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection by using mice lacking the TF gene in myeloid cells (TF(Δ) ) and human monocyte derived macrophages (MDMs). We found that during M. tb infection, a deficiency of TF in myeloid cells was associated with reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, enhanced arginase 1 (Arg1) expression, enhanced IL-10 production and reduced apoptosis in infected macrophages, which augmented M. tb growth. Our results demonstrate that a deficiency of TF in myeloid cells promotes M2-like phenotype in M .tb infected macrophages. A deficiency in TF expression by myeloid cells was also associated with reduced fibrin deposition and increased matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 mediated inflammation in M. tb infected lungs. Our studies demonstrate that TF expressed by myeloid cells has newly recognized abilities to polarize macrophages and to regulate M. tb growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Tripathi
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Torry Tucker
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Padmaja Paidipally
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Cheekatla
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Elwyn Welch
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Anjana Raghunath
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Ann Jeffers
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Amy R. Tvinnereim
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Melissa E Schechter
- Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Investigative Medicine Branch, Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz (CPqGM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, 40296-710, Brazil
- Research Center, Brazilian Institute for Tuberculosis Research, Salvador, Bahia, 45204-040, Brazil
| | - Nizel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, NC 27516, USA
| | - Steven Idell
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Vankayalapati
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
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Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Morais KLP, Pacheco MTF, Pasqualoto KFM, de Souza JG. Tick salivary gland as potential natural source for the discovery of promising antitumor drug candidates. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 77:14-9. [PMID: 26796259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the relationship between cancer blood coagulation is well established. Regarding biodiversity and bioprospection, the tick biology has become quite attractive natural source for coagulation inhibitors, since its saliva has a very rich variety of bioactive molecules. For instance, a Kunitz-type FXa inhibitor, named Amblyomin-X, was found through transcriptome of the salivary gland of the Amblyomma cajennense. tick. This TFPI-like inhibitor, after obtained as recombinant protein, has presented anticoagulant, antigionenic, and antitumor properties. Although its effects on blood coagulation could be relevant for antitumor effect, Amblyomin-X acts by non-hemostatic mechanisms, such as proteasome inhibition and autophagy inhibition. Notably, cytotoxicity was not observed on non-tumor cells treated with this protein, suggesting some selectivity for tumor cells. Considering the current efforts in order to develop effective anticancer therapies, the findings presented in this review strongly suggest Amblyomin-X as a promising novel antitumor drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katia L P Morais
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jean Gabriel de Souza
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Jeffers A, Owens S, Koenig K, Quaid B, Pendurthi UR, Rao VM, Idell S, Tucker TA. Thrombin down-regulates tissue factor pathway inhibitor expression in a PI3K/nuclear factor-κB-dependent manner in human pleural mesothelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:674-82. [PMID: 25303460 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0084oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is the primary inhibitor of the extrinsic coagulation cascade, and its expression is reported to be relatively stable. Various pathophysiologic agents have been shown to influence TFPI activity by regulating its expression or by modifying the protein. It is not clear how TFPI activity is regulated in normal physiology or in injury. Because thrombin and TFPI are locally elaborated in pleural injury, we sought to determine if thrombin could regulate TFPI in human pleural mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Thrombin significantly decreased TFPI mRNA and protein levels by > 70%. Thrombin-mediated down-regulation of TFPI promoted factor X activation by HPMCs. The ability of thrombin to significantly decrease TFPI mRNA and protein levels was maintained at nanomolar concentrations. Protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, a mediator of thrombin signaling, is detectable in the mesothelium in human and murine pleural injury. PAR-1 silencing blocked thrombin-mediated decrements of TFPI in HPMCs. Thrombin activates PI3K/Akt and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling in HPMCs. Inhibition of PI3K (by PX-866) and NF-κB (by SN50) prevented thrombin-mediated TFPI mRNA and protein down-regulation. These are the first studies to demonstrate that thrombin decreases TFPI expression in HPMCs. Our findings demonstrate a novel mechanism by which thrombin regulates TFPI expression in HPMCs and promotes an unrestricted procoagulant response, and suggest that interactions between PI3K and NF-κB signaling pathways are linked in HPMCs and control TFPI expression. These findings raise the possibility that targeting this pathway could limit the ability of the mesothelium to support extravascular fibrin deposition and organization associated with pleural injury.
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Tinholt M, Vollan HKM, Sahlberg KK, Jernström S, Kaveh F, Lingjærde OC, Kåresen R, Sauer T, Kristensen V, Børresen-Dale AL, Sandset PM, Iversen N. Tumor expression, plasma levels and genetic polymorphisms of the coagulation inhibitor TFPI are associated with clinicopathological parameters and survival in breast cancer, in contrast to the coagulation initiator TF. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:44. [PMID: 25882602 PMCID: PMC4423106 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypercoagulability in malignancy increases the risk of thrombosis, but is also involved in cancer progression. Experimental studies suggest that tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) are involved in cancer biology as a tumor- promoter and suppressor, respectively, but the clinical significance is less clear. Here, we aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of TF and TFPI genetic and phenotypic diversity in breast cancer. Methods The relationship between tumor messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and plasma levels of TF and TFPI (α and β), tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in F3 (TF) (n = 6) and TFPI (n = 18), and clinicopathological characteristics and molecular tumor subtypes were explored in 152 treatment naive breast cancer patients. The effect of tumor expressed TF and TFPIα and TFPIβ on survival was investigated in a merged breast cancer dataset of 1881 patients. Results Progesterone receptor negative patients had higher mRNA expression of total TFPI (α + β) (P = 0.021) and TFPIβ (P = 0.014) in tumors. TF mRNA expression was decreased in grade 3 tumors (P = 0.003). In plasma, total TFPI levels were decreased in patients with larger tumors (P = 0.013). SNP haplotypes of TFPI, but not TF, were associated with specific clinicopathological characteristics like tumor size (odds ratio (OR) 3.14, P = 0.004), triple negativity (OR 2.4, P = 0.004), lymph node spread (OR 3.34, P = 0.006), and basal-like (OR 2.3, P = 0.011) and luminal B (OR 3.5, P = 0.005) molecular tumor subtypes. Increased expression levels of TFPIα and TFPIβ in breast tumors were associated with better outcome in all tumor subtypes combined (P = 0.007 and P = 0.005) and in multiple subgroups, including lymph node positive subjects (P = 0.006 and P = 0.034). Conclusions This study indicates that genetic and phenotypic variation of both TFPIα and TFPIβ, more than TF, are markers of cancer progression. Together with the previously demonstrated tumor suppressor effects of TFPI, the beneficial effect of tumor expressed TFPI on survival, renders TFPI as a potential anticancer agent, and the clinical significance of TFPI in cancer deserves further investigation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0548-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Tinholt
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, BOX 4956, Nydalen, Oslo, N-0424, Norway. .,Department of Haematology and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Hans Kristian Moen Vollan
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway. .,The K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Oncology, Division of Surgery, Transplantation and Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Kristine Kleivi Sahlberg
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway. .,The K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Research, Vestre Viken, Drammen, Norway.
| | - Sandra Jernström
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Fatemeh Kaveh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, BOX 4956, Nydalen, Oslo, N-0424, Norway.
| | - Ole Christian Lingjærde
- The K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Biomedical Informatics Research Group, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Rolf Kåresen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,The K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Torill Sauer
- Department of Pathology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway. .,The K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway. .,The K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Department of Haematology and Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nina Iversen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, BOX 4956, Nydalen, Oslo, N-0424, Norway.
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Tucker TA, Jeffers A, Alvarez A, Owens S, Koenig K, Quaid B, Komissarov AA, Florova G, Kothari H, Pendurthi U, Mohan Rao LV, Idell S. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 deficiency augments visceral mesothelial organization, intrapleural coagulation, and lung restriction in mice with carbon black/bleomycin-induced pleural injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:316-27. [PMID: 24024554 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0300oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Local derangements of fibrin turnover and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pleural injury. However, their role in the control of pleural organization has been unclear. We found that a C57Bl/6j mouse model of carbon black/bleomycin (CBB) injury demonstrates pleural organization resulting in pleural rind formation (14 d). In transgenic mice overexpressing human PAI-1, intrapleural fibrin deposition was increased, but visceral pleural thickness, lung volumes, and compliance were comparable to wild type. CBB injury in PAI-1(-/-) mice significantly increased visceral pleural thickness (P < 0.001), elastance (P < 0.05), and total lung resistance (P < 0.05), while decreasing lung compliance (P < 0.01) and lung volumes (P < 0.05). Collagen, α-smooth muscle actin, and tissue factor were increased in the thickened visceral pleura of PAI-1(-/-) mice. Colocalization of α-smooth muscle actin and calretinin within pleural mesothelial cells was increased in CBB-injured PAI-1(-/-) mice. Thrombin, factor Xa, plasmin, and urokinase induced mesothelial-mesenchymal transition, tissue factor expression, and activity in primary human pleural mesothelial cells. In PAI-1(-/-) mice, D-dimer and thrombin-antithrombin complex concentrations were increased in pleural lavage fluids. The results demonstrate that PAI-1 regulates CBB-induced pleural injury severity via unrestricted fibrinolysis and cross-talk with coagulation proteases. Whereas overexpression of PAI-1 augments intrapleural fibrin deposition, PAI-1 deficiency promotes profibrogenic alterations of the mesothelium that exacerbate pleural organization and lung restriction.
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Keshava S, Sahoo S, Tucker TA, Idell S, Rao LVM, Pendurthi UR. Endothelial cell protein C receptor opposes mesothelioma growth driven by tissue factor. Cancer Res 2013; 73:3963-73. [PMID: 23539451 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The procoagulant protein tissue factor (F3) is a powerful growth promoter in many tumors, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. More generally, it is unknown whether hemostatic factors expressed on tumor cells influence tissue factor-mediated effects on cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the influence of tissue factor, endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR, PROCR), and protease activated receptor-1 (PAR1, F2R) on the growth of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), using human MPM cells that lack or express tissue factor, EPCR or PAR1, and an orthotopic nude mouse model of MPM. Intrapleural administration of MPM cells expressing tissue factor and PAR1 but lacking EPCR and PAR2 (F2RL1) generated large tumors in the pleural cavity. Suppression of tissue factor or PAR1 expression in these cells markedly reduced tumor growth. In contrast, tissue factor overexpression in nonaggressive MPM cells that expressed EPCR and PAR1 with minimal levels of tissue factor did not increase their limited tumorigenicity. More importantly, ectopic expression of EPCR in aggressive MPM cells attenuated their growth potential, whereas EPCR silencing in nonaggressive MPM cells engineered to overexpress tissue factor increased their tumorigenicity. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that EPCR expression in tumor cells reduced tumor cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. Overall, our results enlighten the mechanism by which tissue factor promotes tumor growth through PAR1, and they show how EPCR can attenuate the growth of tissue factor-expressing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Keshava
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
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Karagiannis TC, Ververis K. Potential of chromatin modifying compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. PATHOBIOLOGY OF AGING & AGE RELATED DISEASES 2012; 2:PBA-2-14980. [PMID: 22953035 PMCID: PMC3417541 DOI: 10.3402/pba.v2i0.14980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a very common progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting the learning and memory centers in the brain. The hallmarks of disease are the accumulation of β-amyloid neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles formed by abnormally phosphorylated tau protein. Alzheimer's disease is currently incurable and there is an intense interest in the development of new potential therapies. Chromatin modifying compounds such as sirtuin modulators and histone deacetylase inhibitors have been evaluated in models of Alzheimer's disease with some promising results. For example, the natural antioxidant and sirtuin 1 activator resveratrol has been shown to have beneficial effects in animal models of disease. Similarly, numerous histone deacetylase inhibitors including Trichostatin A, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, valproic acid and phenylbutyrate reduction have shown promising results in models of Alzheimer's disease. These beneficial effects include a reduction of β-amyloid production and stabilization of tau protein. In this review we provide an overview of the histone deacetylase enzymes, with a focus on enzymes that have been identified to have an important role in the pathobiology of Alzheimer's disease. Further, we discuss the potential for pharmacological intervention with chromatin modifying compounds that modulate histone deacetylase enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom C Karagiannis
- Epigenomic Medicine, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, The Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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