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Ketelaar ME, Portelli MA, Dijk FN, Shrine N, Faiz A, Vermeulen CJ, Xu CJ, Hankinson J, Bhaker S, Henry AP, Billington CK, Shaw DE, Johnson SR, Benest AV, Pang V, Bates DO, Pogson ZEK, Fogarty A, McKeever TM, Singapuri A, Heaney LG, Mansur AH, Chaudhuri R, Thomson NC, Holloway JW, Lockett GA, Howarth PH, Niven R, Simpson A, Tobin MD, Hall IP, Wain LV, Blakey JD, Brightling CE, Obeidat M, Sin DD, Nickle DC, Bossé Y, Vonk JM, van den Berge M, Koppelman GH, Sayers I, Nawijn MC. Phenotypic and functional translation of IL33 genetics in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 147:144-157. [PMID: 32442646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a complex disease with multiple phenotypes that may differ in disease pathobiology and treatment response. IL33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reproducibly associated with asthma. IL33 levels are elevated in sputum and bronchial biopsies of patients with asthma. The functional consequences of IL33 asthma SNPs remain unknown. OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether IL33 SNPs associate with asthma-related phenotypes and with IL33 expression in lung or bronchial epithelium. This study investigated the effect of increased IL33 expression on human bronchial epithelial cell (HBEC) function. METHODS Association between IL33 SNPs (Chr9: 5,815,786-6,657,983) and asthma phenotypes (Lifelines/DAG [Dutch Asthma GWAS]/GASP [Genetics of Asthma Severity & Phenotypes] cohorts) and between SNPs and expression (lung tissue, bronchial brushes, HBECs) was done using regression modeling. Lentiviral overexpression was used to study IL33 effects on HBECs. RESULTS We found that 161 SNPs spanning the IL33 region associated with 1 or more asthma phenotypes after correction for multiple testing. We report a main independent signal tagged by rs992969 associating with blood eosinophil levels, asthma, and eosinophilic asthma. A second, independent signal tagged by rs4008366 presented modest association with eosinophilic asthma. Neither signal associated with FEV1, FEV1/forced vital capacity, atopy, and age of asthma onset. The 2 IL33 signals are expression quantitative loci in bronchial brushes and cultured HBECs, but not in lung tissue. IL33 overexpression in vitro resulted in reduced viability and reactive oxygen species-capturing of HBECs, without influencing epithelial cell count, metabolic activity, or barrier function. CONCLUSIONS We identify IL33 as an epithelial susceptibility gene for eosinophilia and asthma, provide mechanistic insight, and implicate targeting of the IL33 pathway specifically in eosinophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Ketelaar
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Michael A Portelli
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - F Nicole Dijk
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nick Shrine
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alen Faiz
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Vermeulen
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng J Xu
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; CiiM & TWINCORE, Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jenny Hankinson
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sangita Bhaker
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda P Henry
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Charlote K Billington
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dominick E Shaw
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R Johnson
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Benest
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, and COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Pang
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, and COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, and COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Z E K Pogson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, United Kingdom; Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Fogarty
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tricia M McKeever
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amisha Singapuri
- Institute for Lung Health, Department of Respiratory Sciences, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Liam G Heaney
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Adel H Mansur
- Respiratory Medicine, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rekha Chaudhuri
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Thomson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gabrielle A Lockett
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter H Howarth
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and National Institute of Health Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Niven
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Simpson
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Louise V Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - John D Blakey
- Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Christopher E Brightling
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom; Institute for Lung Health, Department of Respiratory Sciences, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ma'en Obeidat
- The Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- The Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David C Nickle
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, Mass
| | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Sayers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martijn C Nawijn
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Håkansson KEJ, Ulrik CS, Godtfredsen NS, Kallemose T, Andersen O, Eugen-Olsen J, Marsaa K, Rasmussen LJH. High suPAR and Low Blood Eosinophil Count are Risk Factors for Hospital Readmission and Mortality in Patients with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:733-743. [PMID: 32308381 PMCID: PMC7147624 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s229904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The biomarker soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has been associated with increased mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while elevated blood eosinophils have been associated with better survival. We hypothesized that suPAR and blood eosinophil count are independent risk factors for readmission and mortality after an acute admission in patients with COPD. Methods This retrospective cohort study comprised 4022 patients with prevalent COPD acutely admitted to Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark. Irrespective of cause of admission, suPAR and blood eosinophils were measured, and patients were followed up to 365 days. Associations with 365-day respiratory readmission, all-cause readmission and all-cause mortality were investigated by Cox regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, Charlson score and C-reactive protein. Results suPAR was significantly elevated in patients who later experienced readmission or died. At 365 days, hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause readmission and mortality reached 1.61 (95% CI 1.40–1.85; p<0.0001) and 3.40 (95% CI 2.64–4.39; p<0.0001), respectively, for COPD patients in the fourth suPAR quartile compared to patients in the first suPAR quartile. High blood eosinophils (>300 cells/μL) were associated with lower risk of mortality (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.39–0.62; p<0.0001) compared with patients with <150 cells/μL. When stratifying patients by suPAR quartiles and blood eosinophil counts, the highest relative mortality rate was found in patients belonging to both the fourth suPAR quartile and the low blood eosinophil (<150 cells/μL) group. Conclusion In this cohort of COPD patients acutely admitted to a hospital, elevated suPAR concentrations were associated with both higher risk of all-cause readmission and mortality, whereas higher blood eosinophil count was associated with lower risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell E J Håkansson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Charlotte S Ulrik
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nina S Godtfredsen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kallemose
- Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Ove Andersen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Emergency Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Jesper Eugen-Olsen
- Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Marsaa
- Palliative Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Line J H Rasmussen
- Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Henry AP, Probert K, Stewart CE, Thakker D, Bhaker S, Azimi S, Hall IP, Sayers I. Defining a role for lung function associated gene GSTCD in cell homeostasis. Respir Res 2019; 20:172. [PMID: 31370853 PMCID: PMC6676530 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1146-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome wide association (GWA) studies have reproducibly identified signals on chromosome 4q24 associated with lung function and COPD. GSTCD (Glutathione S-transferase C-terminal domain containing) represents a candidate causal gene in this locus, however little is currently known about the function of this protein. We set out to further our understanding of the role of GSTCD in cell functions and homeostasis using multiple molecular and cellular approaches in airway relevant cells. Recombinant expression of human GSTCD in conjunction with a GST activity assay did not identify any enzymatic activity for two GSTCD isoforms questioning the assignment of this protein to this family of enzymes. Protein structure analyses identified a potential methyltransferase domain contained within GSTCD, with these enzymes linked to cell viability and apoptosis. Targeted knockdown (siRNA) of GSTCD in bronchial epithelial cells identified a role for GSTCD in cell viability as proliferation rates were not altered. To provide greater insight we completed transcriptomic analyses on cells with GSTCD expression knocked down and identified several differentially expressed genes including those implicated in airway biology; fibrosis e.g. TGFBR1 and inflammation e.g. IL6R. Pathway based transcriptomic analyses identified an over-representation of genes related to adipogenesis which may suggest additional functions for GSTCD. These findings identify potential additional functions for GSTCD in the context of airway biology beyond the hypothesised GST activity and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda P Henry
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Kelly Probert
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ceri E Stewart
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dhruma Thakker
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sangita Bhaker
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sheyda Azimi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian P Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian Sayers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Institute for Health Research, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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5
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Ierodiakonou D, Portelli MA, Postma DS, Koppelman GH, Gerritsen J, Ten Hacken NHT, Timens W, Boezen HM, Vonk JM, Sayers I. Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor polymorphisms and airway remodelling in asthma. Eur Respir J 2016; 47:1568-71. [PMID: 26869673 PMCID: PMC4851936 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01571-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, several asthma genes have been identified [1]; however, the key challenge is to determine how these genetic changes contribute to the underlying lung biology. We identified the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (PLAUR) as an asthma susceptibility gene by positional cloning [2]. We showed that the same single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with soluble PLAUR levels in blood, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and accelerated lung function decline in asthma; a clinical feature linked to airway wall remodelling [2]. Therefore, we hypothesised that PLAUR may contribute to structural changes in asthma via increased levels of the membrane bound or soluble receptor. We subsequently showed that PLAUR levels were elevated in the airway epithelium of asthma patients and that PLAUR has a role in epithelial repair responses [3]. The aim of the current study was to 1) test for association between PLAUR SNPs and markers of airway remodelling using bronchial biopsies from asthma patients; and 2) test for association between SNPs and staining for PLAUR in airway tissue. PLAUR polymorphisms and levels are associated with markers of airway remodelling in lung biopsies of asthma patientshttp://ow.ly/X5Srl
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Affiliation(s)
- Despo Ierodiakonou
- Dept of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Both authors contributed equally
| | - Michael A Portelli
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK Both authors contributed equally
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorrit Gerritsen
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nick H T Ten Hacken
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pulmonology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H Marike Boezen
- Dept of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- Dept of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ian Sayers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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