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Ramadan A, Cao Z, Hassan M, Zetterberg F, Nilsson UJ, Gadjeva M, Rathinam V, Panjwani N. Galectin-8 Downmodulates TLR4 Activation and Impairs Bacterial Clearance in a Mouse Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:398-407. [PMID: 36603009 PMCID: PMC9898164 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa provokes a painful, sight-threatening corneal infection. It progresses rapidly and is difficult to treat. In this study, using a mouse model of P. aeruginosa keratitis, we demonstrate the importance of a carbohydrate-binding protein, galectin-8 (Gal-8), in regulation of the innate immune response. First, using two distinct strains of P. aeruginosa, we established that Gal-8-/- mice are resistant to P. aeruginosa keratitis. In contrast, mice deficient in Gal-1, Gal-3, and Gal-9 were fully susceptible. Second, the addition of exogenous rGal-8 to LPS (TLR4 ligand)-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages suppressed 1) the activation of the NF-κB pathway, and 2) formation of the MD-2/TLR4 complex. Additionally, the expression level of reactive oxygen species was substantially higher in infected Gal-8-/- bone marrow neutrophils (BMNs) compared with the Gal-8+/+ BMNs, and the P. aeruginosa killing capacity of Gal-8-/- BMNs was considerably higher compared with that of Gal-8+/+ BMNs. In the bacterial killing assays, the addition of exogenous rGal-8 almost completely rescued the phenotype of Gal-8-/- BMNs. Finally, we demonstrate that a subconjunctival injection of a Gal-8 inhibitor markedly reduces the severity of infection in the mouse model of P. aeruginosa keratitis. These data lead us to conclude that Gal-8 downmodulates the innate immune response by suppressing activation of the TLR4 pathway and clearance of P. aeruginosa by neutrophils. These findings have broad implications for developing novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of conditions resulting from the hyperactive immune response both in ocular as well as nonocular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulraouf Ramadan
- New England Eye Center/Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. 02111, USA
| | - Zhiyi Cao
- New England Eye Center/Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. 02111, USA
| | - Mujtaba Hassan
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Ulf J. Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mihaela Gadjeva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 02115, USA
| | - Vijay Rathinam
- Department of Immunology, UConn Health School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Noorjahan Panjwani
- New England Eye Center/Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
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Glycan-mediated molecular interactions in bacterial pathogenesis. Trends Microbiol 2022; 30:254-267. [PMID: 34274195 PMCID: PMC8758796 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycans are expressed on the surface of nearly all host and bacterial cells. Not surprisingly, glycan-mediated molecular interactions play a vital role in bacterial pathogenesis and host responses against pathogens. Glycan-mediated host-pathogen interactions can benefit the pathogen, host, or both. Here, we discuss (i) bacterial glycans that play a critical role in bacterial colonization and/or immune evasion, (ii) host glycans that are utilized by bacteria for pathogenesis, and (iii) bacterial and host glycans involved in immune responses against pathogens. We further discuss (iv) opportunities and challenges for transforming these research findings into more effective antibacterial strategies, and (v) technological advances in glycoscience that have helped to accelerate progress in research. These studies collectively offer valuable insights into new perspectives on antibacterial strategies that may effectively tackle the drug-resistant pathogens that are rapidly spreading globally.
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Miller MC, Cai C, Wichapong K, Bhaduri S, Pohl NLB, Linhardt RJ, Gabius HJ, Mayo KH. Structural insight into the binding of human galectins to corneal keratan sulfate, its desulfated form and related saccharides. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15708. [PMID: 32973213 PMCID: PMC7515912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72645-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycan chains of keratan sulfate proteoglycans appear to be physiologically significant by pairing with tissue lectins. Here, we used NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to characterize interactions of corneal keratan sulfate (KS), its desulfated form, as well as di-, tetra- (N-acetyllactosamine and lacto-N-tetraose) and octasaccharides with adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins, in particular galectin-3 (Gal-3). The KS contact region involves the lectin canonical binding site, with estimated KD values in the low µM range and stoichiometry of ~ 8 to ~ 20 galectin molecules binding per polysaccharide chain. Compared to Gal-3, the affinity to Gal-7 is relatively low, signaling preferences among galectins. The importance of the sulfate groups was delineated by using desulfated analogs that exhibit relatively reduced affinity. Binding studies with two related di- and tetrasaccharides revealed a similar decrease that underscores affinity enhancement by repetitive arrangement of disaccharide units. MD-based binding energies of KS oligosaccharide-loaded galectins support experimental data on Gal-3 and -7, and extend the scope of KS binding to Gal-1 and -9N. Overall, our results provide strong incentive to further probe the relevance of molecular recognition of KS by galectins in terms of physiological processes in situ, e.g. maintaining integrity of mucosal barriers, intermolecular (lattice-like) gluing within the extracellular meshwork or synaptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Chao Cai
- Biocatalysis and Metabolic Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Kanin Wichapong
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sayantan Bhaduri
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Nicola L B Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Biocatalysis and Metabolic Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximillians-University Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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Abstract
The cornea is a transparent avascular tissue on the anterior segment of the eye responsible for providing refractive power and forming a protective barrier against the external environment. Infectious and inflammatory conditions can compromise the structure of the cornea, leading to visual impairment and blindness. Galectins are a group of β-galactoside-binding proteins expressed by immune and non-immune cells that play pivotal roles in innate and adaptive immunity. In this brief review, we discuss how different members of this family of proteins affect both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in the cornea, particularly in the context of infection, transplantation and wound healing. We further describe recent research showing beneficial effects of galectin-targeted therapy in corneal diseases.
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Ayona D, Fournier PE, Henrissat B, Desnues B. Utilization of Galectins by Pathogens for Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1877. [PMID: 32973776 PMCID: PMC7466766 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectins are glycan-binding proteins which are expressed by many different cell types and secreted extracellularly. These molecules are well-known regulators of immune responses and involved in a broad range of cellular and pathophysiological functions. During infections, host galectins can either avoid or facilitate infections by interacting with host cells- and/or pathogen-derived glycoconjugates and less commonly, with proteins. Some pathogens also express self-produced galectins to interfere with host immune responses. This review summarizes pathogens which take advantage of host- or pathogen-produced galectins to establish the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyoly Ayona
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Bernard Henrissat
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- USC1408 Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Marseille, France
- Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Benoit Desnues
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Luis J, Eastlake K, Khaw PT, Limb GA. Galectins and their involvement in ocular disease and development. Exp Eye Res 2020; 197:108120. [PMID: 32565112 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Galectins are carbohydrate binding proteins with high affinity to ß-galactoside containing glycoconjugates. Understanding of the functions of galectins has grown steadily over the past decade, as a result of substantial advancements in the field of glycobiology. Galectins have been shown to be versatile molecules that participate in a range of important biological systems, including inflammation, neovascularisation and fibrosis. These processes are of particular importance in ocular tissues, where a major theme of recent research has been to divert diseases away from pathways which result in loss of function into pathways of repair and regeneration. This review summarises our current understanding of galectins in the context important ocular diseases, followed by an update on current clinical studies and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Luis
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom.
| | - Karen Eastlake
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
| | - Peng T Khaw
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
| | - G Astrid Limb
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, EC1V 9EL, United Kingdom
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Bacterial glycans and their interactions with lectins in the innate immune system. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 47:1569-1579. [PMID: 31724699 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial surfaces are rich in glycoconjugates that are mainly present in their outer layers and are of great importance for their interaction with the host innate immune system. The innate immune system is the first barrier against infection and recognizes pathogens via conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Lectins expressed by innate immune cells represent an important class of PRRs characterized by their ability to recognize carbohydrates. Among lectins in innate immunity, there are three major classes including the galectins, siglecs, and C-type lectin receptors. These lectins may contribute to initial recognition of bacterial glycans, thus providing an early defence mechanism against bacterial infections, but they may also be exploited by bacteria to escape immune responses. In this review, we will first exemplify bacterial glycosylation systems; we will then describe modes of recognition of bacterial glycans by lectins in innate immunity and, finally, we will briefly highlight how bacteria have found ways to exploit these interactions to evade immune recognition.
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AbuSamra DB, Argüeso P. Lectin-Glycan Interactions in Corneal Infection and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2338. [PMID: 30349544 PMCID: PMC6186829 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cornea is an extraordinary component of vision that functions as the principal barrier to pathogens in the eye while allowing light transmission into the retina. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that maintain homeostasis in this tissue is the subject of intense scientific study given the high prevalence of corneal disease. Over the past decade, the interactions between lectins and glycans on plasma membranes have emerged as important regulatory factors in corneal biology. In particular, members of the galectin family have been shown to bind multiple β-galactoside-containing receptors to regulate immunopathological processes associated with viral and bacterial infection, transplantation, wound healing, dry eye, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. In this review, we describe the current understanding of how these surface interactions intersect with different pathways to activate unique cellular responses in cornea as well as their potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina B AbuSamra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Fei D, Wei D, Yu X, Yue J, Li M, Sun L, Jiang L, Li Y, Diao Q, Ma M. Screening of binding proteins that interact with Chinese sacbrood virus VP3 capsid protein in Apis cerana larvae cDNA library by the yeast two-hybrid method. Virus Res 2018; 248:24-30. [PMID: 29452163 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV) causes larval death and apiary collapse of Apis cerana. VP3 is a capsid protein of CSBV but its function is poorly understood. To determine the function of VP3 and screen for novel binding proteins that interact with VP3, we conducted yeast two-hybrid screening, glutathione S-transferase pull-down, and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Galectin (GAL) is a protein involved in immune regulation and host-pathogen interactions. The yeast two-hybrid screen implicated GAL as a major VP3-binding candidate. The assays showed that the VP3 interacted with GAL. Identification of these cellular targets and clarifying their contributions to the host-pathogen interaction may be useful for the development of novel therapeutic and prevention strategies against CSBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Fei
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Xiangfang the public Hamaji timber Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China
| | - Jinjin Yue
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China
| | - Li Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China
| | - Yijing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Xiangfang the public Hamaji timber Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030, China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Honeybee Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Mingxiao Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, No. 40, Section 3 Songpo Road, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, 121001, China.
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Manning JC, García Caballero G, Knospe C, Kaltner H, Gabius HJ. Three-step monitoring of glycan and galectin profiles in the anterior segment of the adult chicken eye. Ann Anat 2018; 217:66-81. [PMID: 29501632 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A histochemical three-step approach is applied for processing a panel of sections that covers the different regions of fixed anterior segment of the adult chicken eye. This analysis gains insight into the presence of binding partners for functional pairing by galectin/lectin recognition in situ. Glycophenotyping with 11 fungal and plant lectins (step 1) revealed a complex pattern of reactivity with regional as well as glycan- and cell-type-dependent differences. When characterizing expression of the complete set of the seven adhesion/growth-regulatory chicken galectins immunohistochemically (step 2), the same holds true, clearly demonstrating profiles with individual properties, even for the CG-1A/B paralogue pair. Testing this set of labeled tissue lectins as probes (step 3) detected binding sites in a galectin-type-dependent manner. The results of steps 2 and 3 reflect the divergence of sequences and argue against functional redundancy among the galectins. These data shape the concept of an in situ network of galectins. As consequence, experimental in vitro studies will need to be performed from the level of testing a single protein to work with mixtures that mimic the (patho)physiological situation, a key message of this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim C Manning
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriel García Caballero
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens Knospe
- Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Chen WS, Cao Z, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ, Panjwani N. Galectin-3 Inhibition by a Small-Molecule Inhibitor Reduces Both Pathological Corneal Neovascularization and Fibrosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:9-20. [PMID: 28055102 PMCID: PMC5225999 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Corneal neovascularization and scarring commonly lead to significant vision loss. This study was designed to determine whether a small-molecule inhibitor of galectin-3 can inhibit both corneal angiogenesis and fibrosis in experimental mouse models. Methods Animal models of silver nitrate cautery and alkaline burn were used to induce mouse corneal angiogenesis and fibrosis, respectively. Corneas were treated with the galectin-3 inhibitor, 33DFTG, or vehicle alone and were processed for whole-mount immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis to quantify the density of blood vessels and markers of fibrosis. In addition, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and primary human corneal fibroblasts were used to analyze the role of galectin-3 in the process of angiogenesis and fibrosis in vitro. Results Robust angiogenesis was observed in silver nitrate-cauterized corneas on day 5 post injury, and markedly increased corneal opacification was demonstrated in alkaline burn-injured corneas on days 7 and 14 post injury. Treatment with the inhibitor substantially reduced corneal angiogenesis and opacification with a concomitant decrease in α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and distribution. In vitro studies revealed that 33DFTG inhibited VEGF-A-induced HUVEC migration and sprouting without cytotoxic effects. The addition of exogenous galectin-3 to corneal fibroblasts in culture induced the expression of fibrosis-related proteins, including α-SMA and connective tissue growth factor. Conclusions Our data provide proof of concept that targeting galectin-3 by the novel, small-molecule inhibitor, 33DFTG, ameliorates pathological corneal angiogenesis as well as fibrosis. These findings suggest a potential new therapeutic strategy for treating ocular disorders related to pathological angiogenesis and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Sheng Chen
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Zhiyi Cao
- New England Eye Center/Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Section of Microbiology Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Noorjahan Panjwani
- Program in Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States 2New England Eye Center/Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Smorodinova N, Kaltner H, Jirsová K, Hrdličková-Cela E, André S, Kučera T, Smetana K, Gabius HJ. Regulatory Impact of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation on Presence of Adhesion/Growth-Regulatory Galectins-1 and -7 in Corneal Explants from Acanthamoeba Keratitis Patients: Clinical Note. Curr Eye Res 2015; 41:740-6. [PMID: 26338079 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1061022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the impact of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) and amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) in corneal explants on presence of two multifunctional endogenous lectins, i.e. galectins-1 and -7. METHODS Ten corneal explants from AK patients (five with previous AMT and five controls without this treatment) and seven specimens of disease-free control cornea were processed by indirect fluorescent immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Immunostaining for both galectins was obtained in the epithelium, stroma and the endothelial layer of all controls, with the strongest positivity in the epithelium. Significantly decreased intensity for galectin-1 was recorded in the epithelium of corneal explants from patients with AK and AMT. The signal for galectin-7 was significantly decreased in the epithelium of AK patients and normalized after AMT. CONCLUSIONS AMT has a marked impact on presence of the two galectins in opposite directions, encouraging complete profiling for this family of endogenous effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smorodinova
- a First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Charles University in Prague , Albertov , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- b Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Veterinärstrasse, Munich , Germany
| | - Katerina Jirsová
- c Laboratory of the Biology and Pathology of the Eye , Department of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Charles University in Prague , Ke Karlovu , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Enkela Hrdličková-Cela
- d Department of Ophthalmology , First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague , U Nemocnice , Prague .,e Lexum European Eye Clinic , Antala Staška, Prague , Czech Republic and
| | - Sabine André
- b Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Veterinärstrasse, Munich , Germany
| | - Tomáš Kučera
- a First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology, Charles University in Prague , Albertov , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- f First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University in Prague , U Nemocnice , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- b Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Veterinärstrasse, Munich , Germany
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