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Cerón JJ, Ortín-Bustillo A, López-Martínez MJ, Martínez-Subiela S, Eckersall PD, Tecles F, Tvarijonaviciute A, Muñoz-Prieto A. S-100 Proteins: Basics and Applications as Biomarkers in Animals with Special Focus on Calgranulins (S100A8, A9, and A12). BIOLOGY 2023; 12:881. [PMID: 37372165 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
S100 proteins are a group of calcium-binding proteins which received this name because of their solubility in a 100% saturated solution of ammonium sulphate. They have a similar molecular mass of 10-12 KDa and share 25-65% similarity in their amino acid sequence. They are expressed in many tissues, and to date 25 different types of S100 proteins have been identified. This review aims to provide updated information about S100 proteins and their use as biomarkers in veterinary science, with special emphasis on the family of calgranulins that includes S100A8 (calgranulin A; myeloid-related protein 8, MRP8), S100A9 (calgranulin B; MRP14), and S100A12 (calgranulin C). The proteins SA100A8 and S100A9 can be linked, forming a heterodimer which is known as calprotectin. Calgranulins are related to the activation of inflammation and the immune system and increase in gastrointestinal diseases, inflammation and sepsis, immunomediated diseases, and obesity and endocrine disorders in different animal species. This review reflects the current knowledge about calgranulins in veterinary science, which should increase in the future to clarify their role in different diseases and potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as the practical use of their measurement in non-invasive samples such as saliva or feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Joaquín Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alba Ortín-Bustillo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María José López-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia Martínez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Peter David Eckersall
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz-Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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2
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Zhang Z, Li Y, Chen N, Li H, Chen S, Cui X, Shao H, Wei L, Ma J, Zhang S, Li X, Zhang X. Pertussis toxin-induced inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in dendritic cells promotes an autoimmune response in experimental autoimmune uveitis. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:24. [PMID: 36739434 PMCID: PMC9898909 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02707-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous reports have indicated that disrupting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in dendritic cells (DCs) may affect the progression of autoimmune inflammation; however, the factors and timing that regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling have not been clearly understood. METHODS Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) mice and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) patient samples were used to detect the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes. Western blot, real-time PCR, flow cytometry, and ELISA were performed to examine the expression of components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inflammatory factors. DC-specific β-catenin knockout mice and 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (BIO) administered mice were used to observe the effect of disrupting the Wnt pathway on EAU pathogenesis. RESULTS Wnt/β-catenin signaling was inhibited in DCs during the induction phase of EAU. The inhibition was mediated by pertussis toxin (PTX), which promoted DC maturation, in turn promoting pathogenic T cell proliferation and differentiation. In vivo experiments confirmed that deleting β-catenin in DCs enhanced EAU severity, and pre-injection of PTX advanced EAU onset. Administration of a Wnt activator (BIO) limited the effects of PTX, in turn ameliorating EAU. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that PTX plays a key role as a virulence factor in initiating autoimmune inflammation via DCs by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling in EAU, and highlight the potential mechanism by which infection can trigger apparent autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Zhang
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Nu Chen
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huan Li
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuexue Cui
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Shao
- grid.266623.50000 0001 2113 1622Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, School of Medicine, Louisville, KY USA
| | - Lai Wei
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XState Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxing Ma
- grid.241167.70000 0001 2185 3318Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Song Zhang
- grid.216938.70000 0000 9878 7032Institute for Immunology and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- grid.412729.b0000 0004 1798 646XTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Tonglin H, Yanna Z, Xiaoling Y, Ruilan G, Liming Y. Single-Cell RNA-Seq of Bone Marrow Cells in Aplastic Anemia. Front Genet 2022; 12:745483. [PMID: 35046994 PMCID: PMC8762313 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.745483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by peripheral blood pancytopenia and bone marrow failure. Recently, a research study verified bone marrow failure of AA patients resulting from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) attack by active T cells. Nonetheless, whether B cells, as one of the important immune cells, destruct the hematopoiesis is still unclear. Here, a large-scale single-cell transcriptomic sequencing of 20,000 bone marrow cells from AA patients and healthy donors was performed. A total of 17 clusters and differentially expressed genes were identified in each cluster relative to other clusters, which were considered potential marker genes in each cluster. The top differentially expressed genes in HSPCs (S100A8, RETN, and TNFAIP3), monocytes (CXCL8, JUN, and IL1B), and neutrophils and granulocytes (CXCL8, NFKBIA, and MT-CYB) were related to immune and inflammatory injury. Then, the B-cell receptor (BCR) diversities and pairing frequencies of V and J genes were analyzed. The highest pairing frequencies in AA patients were IGHV3-20-IGKJ2, IGHV3-20-IGKJ4, and IGHV3-20-IGHLJ2. Meanwhile, there were 3 V genes, including IGHV3-7, IGHV3-33, and IGLV2-11, with elevated expression in B cells from AA patients. Cell type-specific ligand-receptor was further identified in B-cell interaction with hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. The changed ligand-receptor pairs involved antigen presentation, inflammation, apoptosis, and proliferation of B cells. These data showed the transcriptomic landscape of hematopoiesis in AA at single-cell resolution, providing new insights into hematopoiesis failure related with aberrance of B cells, and provide available targets of treatment for AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Tonglin
- Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Yanna
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Xiaoling
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gao Ruilan
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Liming
- Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Jin J, Zhang J, Bu S. Tasquinimod efficacy and S100A9 expression in glucose-treated HREC cells. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 42:661-676. [PMID: 34796432 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-02038-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness in working-aged people. Few studies were on the relationship between S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9 (S100A9) protein and DR, and none on endothelial cells induced by tasquinimod in high glucose. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between tasquinimod and S100A9 in DR. METHODS DR pathogenesis was simulated using high-glucose-induced human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) to study the mRNA expression of s100a9, thrombospondin-1 (tsp-1), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (hif1-α), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) after tasquinimod treatment. The protein expression of S100A9, TSP-1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), ICAM-1 and VEGF was also analyzed. RESULT A total of 28 eyes of 26 patients were included in this experiment. A significantly higher expression of S100A9 as well as enhanced proliferation and mobility was observed in the high-glucose-treated HRECs compared with that in low-glucose-treated cells. However, these were significantly inhibited when treated with high glucose with 50 μM tasquinimod. The mRNA expression of tsp-1 was increased, whereas that of hif1-α, icam-1 and vegf was decreased after tasquinimod treatment. Western blot indicated the increased TSP-1 but decreased ERK, ICAM-1 and VEGF expression after treating with tasquinimod. CONCLUSION High glucose promoted the expression of s100a9, S100A9 protein in DR patients and HRECs. Tasquinimod inhibited the proliferation, migration and lumen formation of HRECs under a high glucose environment. Tasquinimod might play a vital role in inhibiting angiogenesis through inducing TSP-1 and inhibiting VEGF, ICAM-1 and ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Sanxiang Road 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Sanxiang Road 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyang Bu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Sanxiang Road 1055, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
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Kaplan HJ, Sun D, Shao H. Damage-associated Molecular Patterns in Clinical and Animal Models of Uveitis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021; 30:734-740. [PMID: 34477485 PMCID: PMC8891391 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1954203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Kaplan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Deming Sun
- Doheny Eye Institute & Department Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine/UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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6
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Jiang G, Yun J, Kaplan HJ, Zhao Y, Sun D, Shao H. Vaccination with circulating exosomes in autoimmune uveitis prevents recurrent intraocular inflammation. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 49:1069-1077. [PMID: 34455666 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes participate in intercellular communication and act as important molecular vehicles in the regulation of numerous physiological and pathological processes, including autoimmune development. The role of circulating exosomes in the development of autoimmune uveitis is unknown. In this study, using the rat model of experimental autoimmune uveitis, which has clinical and histological features of pan uveitis in man, we evaluated the immunoregulatory function of circulating exosomes. METHODS Experimental autoimmune uveitis was induced in Lewis rats either immunised with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein R16 peptides or injected with activated R16-specific T cells. The disease incidence and severity were examined by indirect fundoscopy and flow cytometry. Circulating exosomes were isolated from peripheral blood of naïve and Day 14 R16 immunised Lewis rats. The effect of exosomes on specific T cells was evaluated by R16-specific T cell proliferation, cytokine production and recurrent uveitis induction. RESULTS Circulating exosomes derived from active immunised uveitis rats selectively inhibited immune responses of R16-specific T cells in vitro. Vaccination of naïve rats with these exosomes reduced the incidence of recurrent uveitis in an antigen-specific manner. Antigen-specific uveitogenic T cells reduced IFN-γ production and increased IL-10 after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Circulating exosomes in autoimmune uveitis have the potential to be a novel treatment for recurrent autoimmune uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomin Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Juan Yun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Henry J Kaplan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, Texas, USA
| | - Deming Sun
- Doheny Eye Institute and Department. Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine/UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hui Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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7
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Shankar M, Uwamahoro N, Backman E, Holmberg S, Niemiec MJ, Roth J, Vogl T, Urban CF. Immune Resolution Dilemma: Host Antimicrobial Factor S100A8/A9 Modulates Inflammatory Collateral Tissue Damage During Disseminated Fungal Peritonitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:553911. [PMID: 33717058 PMCID: PMC7953150 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.553911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-abdominal infection (peritonitis) is a leading cause of severe disease in surgical intensive care units, as over 70% of patients diagnosed with peritonitis develop septic shock. A critical role of the immune system is to return to homeostasis after combating infection. S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) is an antimicrobial and pro-inflammatory protein complex used as a biomarker for diagnosis of numerous inflammatory disorders. Here we describe the role of S100A8/A9 in inflammatory collateral tissue damage (ICTD). Using a mouse model of disseminated intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) in wild-type and S100A8/A9-deficient mice in the presence or absence of S100A9 inhibitor paquinimod, the role of S100A8/A9 during ICTD and fungal clearance were investigated. S100A8/A9-deficient mice developed less ICTD than wild-type mice. Restoration of S100A8/A9 in knockout mice by injection of recombinant protein resulted in increased ICTD and fungal clearance comparable to wild-type levels. Treatment with paquinimod abolished ICTD and S100A9-deficient mice showed increased survival compared to wild-type littermates. The data indicates that S100A8/A9 controls ICTD levels and antimicrobial activity during IAC and that targeting of S100A8/A9 could serve as promising adjunct therapy against this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Shankar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nathalie Uwamahoro
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Emelie Backman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sandra Holmberg
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Joanna Niemiec
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Münster, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin F Urban
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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8
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Pascual EV, Martínez-Costa Pérez L, Hernández Pons A, López Ortega JM, Grau García E, Albert Fort M, Alegre Sancho JJ, Ivorra JAR. The Role of Plasma Calprotectin in Non-infectious Uveitis. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1184-1192. [PMID: 33349072 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1867749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of plasma calprotectin in non-infectious uveitis. METHODS This is an observational both cross-sectional and prospective study. Patients with active non-infectious uveitis were recruited as well as nonuveitic controls. Plasma calprotectin was determined and an ophthalmological examination was performed for both patients and controls. Independent variables possibly influencing levels of plasma calprotectin were recorded and analyzed. Categorical variables were compared by chi-square test (applying correction by continuity if necessary). T-test (or Kruskal-Wallis when appropriate) was used to compare averages. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess relationship between plasma calprotectin levels and independent variables. Spearman coefficient was calculated in order to establish correlation between plasma calprotectin and anterior chamber cell grading. Changes in plasma calprotectin levels between the flare beginning and its resolution were determined with mixed model for repeated measures. R software (version 3.6.0) was used to perform the statistical analysis. RESULTS We included 74 patients and 40 controls in the cross-sectional study. Plasma calprotectin levels were higher in uveitis patients compared to those of controls (p = .003), being higher in younger patients and patients with posterior uveitis. No correlation between calprotectin and anterior chamber inflammation degree was found (p = .198). For the prospective study, we included 36 patients. We found no significant differences in calprotectin levels between active and inactive uveitis (p = .344). CONCLUSIONS Plasma calprotectin levels are elevated in uveitis patients and are influenced by age and anatomical location of uveitis. Further investigation is needed to assess the relationship between calprotectin and uveitis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Valls Pascual
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.,Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Elena Grau García
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mara Albert Fort
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitari Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - José Andrés Román Ivorra
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina y Odontologia, Universidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente Martir, Valencia, Spain
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Liu B, Yin X, Wei H, Wang Z, Tang H, Qiu Y, Hao Y, Zhang X, Bi H, Guo D. Quantitative proteomic analysis of rat retina with experimental autoimmune uveitis based on tandem mass tag (TMT) peptide labeling coupled with LC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1153:122293. [PMID: 32750637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Uveitis is a recurrent, inflammatory eye disease that occurs in the retina, iris, ciliary body and choroid. Currently, the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Proteomics can offer a powerful set of tools for the direct high-throughput study and a key contribution to the understanding of protein functions. This approach can also allow us to compare the protein profiling of the cells in healthy and diseased states that can be used to identify proteins associated with disease development and progression. In the present study, we first established an autoimmune uveitis (EAU) rat model. On day 12 after immunization, we isolated the rat retinas from both normal and EAU animals to collect total proteins. Using tandem mass tag (TMT) peptide labeling coupled with LC-MS/MS quantitative proteomics technique, we identified the differentially expressed proteins in EAU rat retinas, performed bioinformatics analyses, validated the expression of the COX1, NADH1, C3, and C9 proteins, and determined the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. The results indicated that there were 190 upregulated and 103 downregulated proteins in EAU rat retinas. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in acute inflammatory response, visual perception and eye photoreceptor cell differentiation that were mainly related to complement and coagulation cascades, phagosome, PI3K-Akt signaling, and metabolic pathways. In conclusion, based on the TMT-based quantitative proteomics technique, the differentially expressed proteins in EAU rat retinas were mainly associated with complement and coagulation cascades and metabolic pathways. Our findings will facilitate the understanding of the pathogenesis of uveitis and will be useful for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China; Linyi People's Hospital, No. 27#, Jiefang Road, Linyi 276005, China
| | - Xuewei Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Huixia Wei
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zaozhuang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zaozhuang 277000, China
| | - Hongying Tang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yixian Hao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xiuyan Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 4655#, Daxue Road, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases in Universities of Shandong, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China; Eye Institute of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan 250002, China.
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10
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Sepah YJ, Velez G, Tang PH, Yang J, Chemudupati T, Li AS, Nguyen QD, Bassuk AG, Mahajan VB. Proteomic analysis of intermediate uveitis suggests myeloid cell recruitment and implicates IL-23 as a therapeutic target. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020; 18:100646. [PMID: 32274442 PMCID: PMC7132169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To profile vitreous protein expression of intermediate uveitis (IU) patients. Observations We identified a mean of 363 ± 41 unique proteins (mean ± SD) in IU vitreous and 393 ± 69 unique proteins in control samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of liquid vitreous biopsies collected during pars plana vitrectomy. A total of 233 proteins were differentially expressed among control and IU samples, suggesting a protein signature that could distinguish the two groups. Pathway analysis identified 22 inflammatory mediators of the interleukin-12 (IL-12) signaling pathway in IU vitreous. Upstream regulator analysis identified downstream mediators of IL-23 and myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MYD88), both of which are involved in the recruitment and differentiation of myeloid cells. Taken together, our results suggest the recruitment of myeloid cells as an upstream pathway in the pathogenesis of IU. Conclusions This study provides insights into proteins that will serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for IU. These biomarkers will help design future clinical trials using rational molecular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir J Sepah
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel Velez
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter H Tang
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Teja Chemudupati
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Angela S Li
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Quan D Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Vinit B Mahajan
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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11
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Li Z, Chen X, Chen Y, Li H, Yu J, Li Y, Zhu W, Xie Y, Tian Y, Su W, Liang D. Teriflunomide suppresses T helper cells and dendritic cells to alleviate experimental autoimmune uveitis. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 170:113645. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Pepple KL, Wilson L, Van Gelder RN, Kovaleva M, Ubah OC, Steven J, Barelle CJ, Porter A. Uveitis Therapy With Shark Variable Novel Antigen Receptor Domains Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha or Inducible T-Cell Costimulatory Ligand. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:11. [PMID: 31588375 PMCID: PMC6753974 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.5.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We assess the efficacy of two next-generation biologic therapies in treating experimental autoimmune uveitis. Methods Variable binding domains from shark immunoglobulin novel antigen receptors (VNARs) were fused with a mouse IgG2a constant domain (Fc) to generate VNAR-Fc molecules with binding specificity to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) or inducible T-cell costimulatory ligand (ICOSL). Treatment with VNAR-Fc fusion proteins was compared to treatment with dexamethasone or vehicle in the Lewis rat model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). Inflammation control was determined by comparing OCT clinical and histologic scores, and aqueous humor protein concentration. The concentration of 27 inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor was measured using a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay platform. Results Administration of S17-Fc significantly decreased clinical, histologic, and aqueous protein levels when compared to vehicle treatment. Inflammation scores and aqueous protein levels in A5-Fc–treated animals were decreased compared to vehicle treatment, but not significantly. The concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α), interleukin (IL)-1β, LPS-induced CXC chemokine (LIX), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and interferon (IFN)-γ were significantly decreased in the eyes of animals treated with dexamethasone. VNAR treatment demonstrated a trend towards decreased cytokine concentrations, but only VEGF and RANTES were significantly decreased by S17-Fc. Conclusions Treatment with the anti-TNFα VNAR S17-Fc ameliorates EAU as effectively as treatment with corticosteroids. Translational Relevance VNAR-Fc molecules are a next-generation therapeutic biologic that overcome the limitations of classical biologic monoclonal antibodies, such as complex structure, large size, and limited tissue penetration. This is a novel drug modality that could result in the development of new therapy options for patients with noninfectious uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Pepple
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Leslie Wilson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Russell N Van Gelder
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew Porter
- Elasmogen Ltd, Aberdeen, UK.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
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13
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Murakami Y, Ishikawa K, Nakao S, Sonoda KH. Innate immune response in retinal homeostasis and inflammatory disorders. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 74:100778. [PMID: 31505218 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune cells such as neutrophils, monocyte-macrophages and microglial cells are pivotal for the health and disease of the retina. For the maintenance of retinal homeostasis, these cells and immunosuppressive molecules in the eye actively regulate the induction and the expression of inflammation in order to prevent excessive activation and subsequent tissue damage. In the disease context, these regulatory mechanisms are modulated genetically and/or by environmental stimuli such as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and a chronic innate immune response regulates or contributes to the formation of diverse retinal disorders such as uveitis, retinitis pigmentosa, retinal vascular diseases and retinal fibrosis. Here we summarize the recent knowledge regarding the innate immune response in both ocular immune regulation and inflammatory retinal diseases, and we describe the potential of the innate immune response as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keijiro Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Koh-Hei Sonoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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14
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Lim RR, Vaidya T, Gadde SG, Yadav NK, Sethu S, Hainsworth DP, Mohan RR, Ghosh A, Chaurasia SS. Correlation between systemic S100A8 and S100A9 levels and severity of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1581-1589. [PMID: 31336525 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS S100A8 and S100A9 are myeloid-related damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) primarily involved in the modulation of innate immune response to cellular injury. This study evaluated the correlation between circulating concentrations of S100A8 and S100A9 proteins with the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS T2DM patients with HbA1c levels >7%, fasting blood glucose >126 mg/dl and history of diabetes were included in this study. DR severity was graded based on ETDRS and Gloucestershire classifications. Plasma samples were evaluated for S100A8 and S100A9 levels using ELISA. RESULTS In this comparative study, DR patients (n = 89) had increased plasma S100A8 and S100A9 proteins compared to age-matched T2DM controls (n = 28), which was directly related to the severity of DR. Female DR subjects had increased S100A8 expression compared to their male counterparts. Substantial retention of S100A8 and S100A9 production was seen in DR patients above 50 years of age. Duration of T2DM was not found to affect protein levels, however T2DM onset at >50 years old significantly increased S100A8 and S100A9 concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that systemic circulation levels of S100A8 and S100A9 are correlated with the progression of DR in T2DM patients, indicating their potential role in DR pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayne R Lim
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Tanuja Vaidya
- GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Santosh G Gadde
- Vitreoretina Department, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Naresh K Yadav
- Vitreoretina Department, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethu
- GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Dean P Hainsworth
- Vitreoretinal Service, Ophthalmology, Mason Eye Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Rajiv R Mohan
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA
| | - Arkasubhra Ghosh
- GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, 560099, India.
| | - Shyam S Chaurasia
- Ocular Immunology and Angiogenesis Lab, Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veteran Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65201, USA.
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15
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Wu M, Xu L, Wang Y, Zhou N, Zhen F, Zhang Y, Qu X, Fan H, Liu S, Chen Y, Yao R. S100A8/A9 induces microglia activation and promotes the apoptosis of oligodendrocyte precursor cells by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2018; 143:234-245. [PMID: 30266587 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
S100A8/A9, a heterodimer complex composed of calcium-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9, is significantly increased in the serum of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Relevant reports have revealed that MS pathology is commonly associated with the activation of microglial cells and the damage of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Moreover, microglia activation following stimulation increases the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which further exacerbate the damage to OPCs. In this study, we were the first to confirm that S100A8/A9 treatment induced the activation, proliferation and migration of the murine microglia cell line BV-2; moreover, this treatment caused the cells to switch from an anti-inflammatory activated (M2) phenotype to a pro-inflammatory activated (M1) phenotype. Meanwhile, the level of the phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (p-NF-κB) P65 protein was remarkably elevated, and the production of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-9) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CXCL10) was also increased in the S100A8/A9-treated BV-2 microglial cells. Inhibition of NF-κB P65 phosphorylation reversed the effects of S100A8/A9 on the production of pro-inflammatory factors and chemokines. We also explored the effects of S100A8/A9 and S100A8/A9-activated BV-2 microglial cells on the viability of OPCs. The results showed that both the S100A8/A9 complex and the conditioned medium (CM) of the S100A8/A9-activated BV-2 microglial cells resulted in OPC apoptosis, which was more pronounced in the case of the CM treatment. However, OPC apoptosis in the CM group was obviously decreased through the inhibition of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. This study indicates that S100A8/A9 induces the activation of BV-2 microglial cells and promotes the production of pro-inflammatory factors by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway, which further exacerbates OPC damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Fei Zhen
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Xuebin Qu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China
| | - Hongbin Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, PR China
| | - Sihan Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China.
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, PR China.
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