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Kaufman R, Jun AS. Emerging alternatives to keratoplasty for corneal endothelial cell dysfunction. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2024:00055735-990000000-00181. [PMID: 38941153 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW While effective for treating endothelial dysfunction, keratoplasty has shortcomings including limited access to donor tissue for much of the world. Thus, alternative strategies are under development. This review explores the main advancements achieved in this field during 2022-2023. RECENT FINDINGS Recent publications further support the validity of intracameral cultivated allogeneic endothelial cell injection and Descemet stripping only, while emphasizing the benefits of adjunctive Rho-associated kinase inhibitor (ROCKi) therapy. New donor-independent artificial implants, such as EndoArt, show favorable results. Multiple pharmacologic agents, especially ROCKi, show promise as monotherapies, yet none are currently approved for human treatment. Multiple regenerative and genetic therapies are being investigated but all are still in preclinical stages. SUMMARY A plethora of innovative alternatives to keratoplasty for endothelial disease is in development. Among these, surgical methods are still the mainstay of treatment and closest to clinical application, though further studies to establish their benefits over keratoplasty are needed. Albeit promising, pharmacologic, regenerative, and genetic approaches require validation and are farther from clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Kaufman
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Albert S Jun
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Wang J, Wang X, Chen F, Ning Q, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Wei W, Leng M, Wang Z, Jin P, Li Q. N6-Methyladenosine Modification of lncCCKAR-5 Regulates Autophagy in Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Destabilizing LMNA and Inhibits Diabetic Wound Healing. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1148-1160.e15. [PMID: 38242315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs are pivotal contributors to the development of human diseases. However, their significance in the context of diabetic wound healing regulated by human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) remains unclear. This study sheds light on the involvement of lncCCKAR5 in this process. We found that hUCMSCs exposed to high glucose conditions exhibited a significant downregulation of lncCCKAR5 expression, and lncCCKAR5 played a critical role in modulating autophagy, thus inhibiting apoptosis in hUCMSCs. In addition, the reduction of lncCCKAR5 in cells exposed to high glucose effectively thwarted cellular senescence and facilitated filopodium formation. Mechanistically, lncCCKAR5 served as a scaffold that facilitated the interaction between MKRN2 and LMNA, a key regulator of cytoskeletal function and autophagy. The lncCCKAR5/LMNA/MKRN2 complex played a pivotal role in promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of LMNA, with this effect being further augmented by N6-adenosine methylation of lncCCKAR5. Consequently, our findings underscore the critical role of lncCCKAR5 in regulating the autophagic process in hUCMSCs, particularly through protein ubiquitination and degradation. This intricate regulatory network presents a promising avenue for potential therapeutic interventions in the context of diabetic wound healing involving hUCMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | - Feifei Chen
- Institute of Oncology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Ning
- Institute of Oncology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - YuTing Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wuhan Wei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | | | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Peisheng Jin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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Meissner JM, Chmielińska A, Ofri R, Cisło-Sankowska A, Marycz K. Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from Equine Adipose-Derived Stromal Stem Cells (ASCs) Mitigate Tunicamycin-Induced ER Stress in Equine Corneal Stromal Stem Cells (CSSCs). Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3251-3277. [PMID: 38666934 PMCID: PMC11048834 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Corneal ulcers, characterized by severe inflammation of the cornea, can lead to serious, debilitating complications and may be vision-threatening for horses. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in corneal stem progenitor cell (CSSC) dysfunction and explore the potential of equine adipose-derived stromal stem cell (ASC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to improve corneal wound healing. We showed that CSSCs expressed high levels of CD44, CD45, and CD90 surface markers, indicating their stemness. Supplementation of the ER-stress-inducer tunicamycin to CSSCs resulted in reduced proliferative and migratory potential, accumulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stressed cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, increased expression of proinflammatory genes, induced oxidative stress and sustained ER stress, and unfolded protein response (UPR). Importantly, treatment with EVs increased the proliferative activity and number of cells in the G2/Mitosis phase, enhanced migratory ability, suppressed the overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines, and upregulated the anti-inflammatory miRNA-146a-5p, compared to control and/or ER-stressed cells. Additionally, EVs lowered the expression of ER-stress master regulators and effectors (PERK, IRE1, ATF6, and XBP1), increased the number of mitochondria, and reduced the expression of Fis-1 and Parkin, thereby promoting metabolic homeostasis and protecting against apoptosis in equine CSSCs. Our findings demonstrate that MSCs-derived EVs represent an innovative and promising therapeutic strategy for the transfer of bioactive mediators which regulate various cellular and molecular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M. Meissner
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Chmielińska
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mala, Poland; (A.C.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Ron Ofri
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 7610001, Israel;
| | - Anna Cisło-Sankowska
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mala, Poland; (A.C.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland;
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa 11, Malin, 55-114 Wisznia Mala, Poland; (A.C.); (A.C.-S.)
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95516, USA
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Manora L, Borlongan CV, Garbuzova-Davis S. Cellular and Noncellular Approaches for Repairing the Damaged Blood-CNS-Barrier in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2024; 13:435. [PMID: 38474399 PMCID: PMC10931261 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous reports have demonstrated the breakdown of the blood-CNS barrier (B-CNS-B) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Re-establishing barrier integrity in the CNS is critical to prevent further motor neuron degeneration from harmful components in systemic circulation. Potential therapeutic strategies for repairing the B-CNS-B may be achieved by the replacement of damaged endothelial cells (ECs) via stem cell administration or enhancement of endogenous EC survival through the delivery of bioactive particles secreted by stem cells. These cellular and noncellular approaches are thoroughly discussed in the present review. Specific attention is given to certain stem cell types for EC replacement. Also, various nanoparticles secreted by stem cells as well as other biomolecules are elucidated as promising agents for endogenous EC repair. Although the noted in vitro and in vivo studies show the feasibility of the proposed therapeutic approaches to the repair of the B-CNS-B in ALS, further investigation is needed prior to clinical transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larai Manora
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.M.); (C.V.B.)
| | - Cesario V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.M.); (C.V.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.M.); (C.V.B.)
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Biniazan F, Stoian A, Haykal S. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Angiogenetic Potential and Utility in Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2356. [PMID: 38397032 PMCID: PMC10889096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is a large and important energy storage organ as well as an endocrine organ with a critical role in many processes. Additionally, AT is an enormous and easily accessible source of multipotent cell types used in our day for all types of tissue regeneration. The ability of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to differentiate into other types of cells, such as endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells, or cardiomyocytes, is used in tissue engineering in order to promote/stimulate the process of angiogenesis. Being a key for future successful clinical applications, functional vascular networks in engineered tissue are targeted by numerous in vivo and ex vivo studies. The article reviews the angiogenic potential of ADSCs and explores their capacity in the field of tissue engineering (TE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felor Biniazan
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street Suite 8N-869, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; (F.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Alina Stoian
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street Suite 8N-869, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; (F.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Siba Haykal
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street Suite 8N-869, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; (F.B.); (A.S.)
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street Suite 8N-869, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada
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