1
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Zhu G, Tian R, Zhou D, Qin X. Genetic correlation and causal relationship between sleep and myopia: a mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1378802. [PMID: 39045316 PMCID: PMC11263174 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1378802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the genetic correlation and causal links between sleep traits (including sleep duration, chronotype, and insomnia) and myopia. Methods Summary data on three sleep traits (sleep duration, chronotype and insomnia) and myopia from FinnGen (n = 214,211) and UK Biobank (n = 460,536) were analyzed using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LD Score), univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization (MR) experiments and Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect (CAUSE) estimation. Results LD Score regression detected candidate genetic correlation between sleep traits and myopia, such as sleep duration, chronotype (Genetic Correlation Z-score >10.00, h2_observed_p < 0.005, Lambda GC > 1.05, p > 0.05). Univariable MR analyses indicated that increased sleep duration has a promotional effect on the occurrence of myopia (p = 0.046 < 0.05, P_FDR = 0.138 < 0.2, OR = 2.872, 95% CI: 1.018-8.101). However, after accounting for potential confounding factors, multivariable MR and CAUSE analysis did not provide evidence for a causal effect of the three sleep traits on myopia. Conclusion There may be a potential genetic correlation between sleep duration, chronotype and myopia. However, neither of sleep duration, chronotype or insomnia had causal effect on myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guandong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Eye Centre of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ruikang Tian
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Xuejiao Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Eye Centre of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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2
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Zhang B. Risk of inappropriate causal inference in Mendelian randomization studies on myopia. Eye (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41433-024-03190-2. [PMID: 38937558 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Ihesiulor CG, Alzahrani K, Rhadhakrishnan H. A review of mechanism of action of outdoor exposure in preventing myopia incidence and progression. Int J Ophthalmol 2024; 17:1144-1155. [PMID: 38895671 PMCID: PMC11144779 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2024.06.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Various studies have suggested several environmental, pharmacological, medical, and optical interventions and some are in use but their efficacy in myopia control may be transient, and the cellular, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms involved unclear. Daylight exposure is currently regarded as an effective and enduring strategy in the control of myopia development and progression. However, the mechanism behind the effect of outdoor exposure and its association with genetic predisposition and other relatively more significant environmental factors on myopia is still a conundrum. This review focuses on survey-based and intervention-based studies carried out to propose a mechanism that accounts for myopia development and important for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikezie Grand Ihesiulor
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, United Kingdom
| | - Khaled Alzahrani
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah 23311, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hema Rhadhakrishnan
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, United Kingdom
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4
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Xu X, Liu N, Yu W. No Evidence of an Association between Genetic Factors Affecting Response to Vitamin A Supplementation and Myopia: A Mendelian Randomization Study and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1933. [PMID: 38931287 PMCID: PMC11206965 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between vitamin A supplementation and myopia has been a topic of debate, with conflicting and inconclusive findings. We aimed to determine whether there is a causal relationship between vitamin A supplementation and the risk of myopia using Mendelian randomization (MR) and meta-analytical methods. Genetic variants from the UK Biobank and FinnGen studies associated with the response to vitamin A supplementation were employed as instrumental variables to evaluate the causal relationship between vitamin A supplementation and myopia. Fixed-effects meta-analysis was then used to combine MR estimates from multiple sources for each outcome. The meta-analysis of MR results found no convincing evidence to support a direct causal relationship between vitamin A supplementation and myopia risk (odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.82-1.20, I2 = 0%, p = 0.40). The analysis of three out of the four sets of MR analyses indicated no direction of causal effect, whereas the other set of results suggested that higher vitamin A supplementation was associated with a lower risk of myopia (OR = 0.002, 95% CI 1.17 × 10-6-3.099, p = 0.096). This comprehensive MR study and meta-analysis did not find valid evidence of a direct association between vitamin A supplementation and myopia. Vitamin A supplementation may not have an independent effect on myopia, but intraocular processes associated with vitamin A may indirectly contribute to its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Xu
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Nianen Liu
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100730, China;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weihong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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5
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Zhang X, Yuan W, Xu J, Zhao F. Application of mendelian randomization in ocular diseases: a review. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:66. [PMID: 38886833 PMCID: PMC11184796 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00637-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocular disorders can significantly lower patients' quality of life and impose an economic burden on families and society. However, for the majority of these diseases, their prevalence and mechanisms are yet unknown, making prevention, management, and therapy challenging. Although connections between exposure factors and diseases can be drawn through observational research, it is challenging to rule out the interference of confounding variables and reverse causation. Mendelian Randomization (MR), a method of research that combines genetics and epidemiology, has its advantage to solve this problem and thus has been extensively utilized in the etiological study of ophthalmic diseases. This paper reviews the implementation of MR in the research of ocular diseases and provides approaches for the investigation of related mechanisms as well as the intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weichen Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenyang the Fourth People's Hospital, Shenyang, China.
| | - Fangkun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Key Lens Research Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China.
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6
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Li Y, Hu P, Li L, Wu X, Wang X, Peng Y. The relationship between refractive error and the risk of diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1354856. [PMID: 38895184 PMCID: PMC11183799 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1354856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This meta-analysis was conducted to collect all available data and estimate the relationship between refractive error and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with diabetes, and to assess whether vision-threatening DR (VTDR) is associated with refractive error. Methods We systematically searched several literature databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, Wan Fang Data, and VIP databases. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using fixed or random effects models. Four models were developed to assess the relationship between refractive error and the risk and DR, VTDR: hyperopia and DR, VTDR; myopia and DR, VTDR; spherical equivalent (SE per D increase) and DR, VTDR; and axial length (AL per mm increase) and DR, VTDR. The included literature was meta-analyzed using Stata 12.0 software, and sensitivity analysis was performed. Publication bias in the literature was evaluated using a funnel plot, Begg's test, and Egger's test. Results A systematic search identified 3,198 articles, of which 21 (4 cohorts, 17 cross-sectional studies) were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that hyperopia was associated with an increased risk of VTDR (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.08-1.39; P = 0.001), but not with DR (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 0.94-1.17; P = 0.374). Myopia was associated with a reduced risk of DR (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.61-0.90; P = 0.003), but not with VTDR (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.85-1.38; P = 0.519). Every 1 diopter increase in spherical equivalent, there was a 1.08 increase in the odds ratio of DR (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.05-1.10; P<0.001), but not with VTDR (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.10; P = 0.06). AL per mm increase was significantly associated with a decreased risk of developing DR (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.71-0.84; P<0.001) and VTDR (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.56-0.72; P<0.001). Analysis of sensitivity confirmed the reliability of the study's findings. Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrates hyperopia was associated with an increased risk of VTDR in diabetes patients. Myopia was associated with a reduced risk of DR. AL is an important influencing factor of refractive error. Every 1 mm increase in AL reduces the risk of DR by 23% and the risk of VTDR by 37%. Systematic review registration identifier: CRD42023413420.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Li
- Department of Refractive Surgery, China Aier Eye Hospital Group, Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengcheng Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianhui Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Refractive Surgery, Dali Aier Eye Hospital, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanli Peng
- Department of Refractive Surgery, China Aier Eye Hospital Group, Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Mérida S, Návea A, Desco C, Celda B, Pardo-Tendero M, Morales-Tatay JM, Bosch-Morell F. Glutathione and a Pool of Metabolites Partly Related to Oxidative Stress Are Associated with Low and High Myopia in an Altered Bioenergetic Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:539. [PMID: 38790644 PMCID: PMC11117864 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress forms part of the molecular basis contributing to the development and manifestation of myopia, a refractive error with associated pathology that is increasingly prevalent worldwide and that subsequently leads to an upsurge in degenerative visual impairment due to conditions that are especially associated with high myopia. The purpose of our study was to examine the interrelation of potential oxidative-stress-related metabolites found in the aqueous humor of high-myopic, low-myopic, and non-myopic patients within a clinical study. We conducted a cross-sectional study, selecting two sets of patients undergoing cataract surgery. The first set, which was used to analyze metabolites through an NMR assay, comprised 116 patients. A total of 59 metabolites were assigned and quantified. The PLS-DA score plot clearly showed a separation with minimal overlap between the HM and control samples. The PLS-DA model allowed us to determine 31 major metabolite differences in the aqueous humor of the study groups. Complementary statistical analysis of the data allowed us to determine six metabolites that presented significant differences among the experimental groups (p < 005). A significant number of these metabolites were discovered to have a direct or indirect connection to oxidative stress linked with conditions of myopic eyes. Notably, we identified metabolites associated with bioenergetic pathways and metabolites that have undergone methylation, along with choline and its derivatives. The second set consisted of 73 patients who underwent a glutathione assay. Here, we showed significant variations in both reduced and oxidized glutathione in aqueous humor among all patient groups (p < 0.01) for the first time. Axial length, refractive status, and complete ophthalmologic examination were also recorded, and interrelations among metabolic and clinical parameters were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Mérida
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Amparo Návea
- Instituto de la Retina y Enfermedades Oculares, 46005 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Carmen Desco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.); (C.D.)
- Instituto de la Retina y Enfermedades Oculares, 46005 Valencia, Spain;
- FOM, Fundación de Oftalmología Médica de la Comunidad Valenciana, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Bernardo Celda
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Mercedes Pardo-Tendero
- Department of Pathology, Medicine and Odontology Faculty, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Manuel Morales-Tatay
- Department of Pathology, Medicine and Odontology Faculty, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.); (C.D.)
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8
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Xue K, Zhang G, Li Z, Zeng X, Li Z, Wang F, Zhang X, Lin C, Mao C. Dissecting the association between gut microbiota and hypertrophic scarring: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1345717. [PMID: 38577682 PMCID: PMC10991740 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars affect a significant number of individuals annually, giving rise to both cosmetic concerns and functional impairments. Prior research has established that an imbalance in the composition of gut microbes, termed microbial dysbiosis, can initiate the progression of various diseases through the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and the host. However, the precise nature of the causal link between gut microbiota and hypertrophic scarring remains uncertain. In this study, after compiling summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving 418 instances of gut microbiota and hypertrophic scarring, we conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the potential existence of a causal relationship between gut microbiota and the development of hypertrophic scar and to discern the directionality of causation. By utilizing MR analysis, we identified seven causal associations between gut microbiome and hypertrophic scarring, involving one positive and six negative causal directions. Among them, Intestinimonas, Ruminococcus2, Barnesiella, Dorea, Desulfovibrio piger, and Ruminococcus torques act as protective factors against hypertrophic scarring, while Eubacterium rectale suggests a potential role as a risk factor for hypertrophic scars. Additionally, sensitivity analyses of these results revealed no indications of heterogeneity or pleiotropy. The findings of our MR study suggest a potential causative link between gut microbiota and hypertrophic scarring, opening up new ways for future mechanistic research and the exploration of nanobiotechnology therapies for skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Xue
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guojian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zi Li
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cai Lin
- Department of Burn, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Zhejiang Province, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhang XB, Jiang HH, Zhang LL, Li CJ, Chen C, Xing MZ, Ma YN, Ma YX. Potential causal associations between leisure sedentary behaviors, physical activity, sleep traits, and myopia: a Mendelian randomization study. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:104. [PMID: 38443833 PMCID: PMC10913247 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myopia is the most prevalent refractive error and a growing global health concern that significantly affects visual function. Researchers have recently emphasized considerably on the influence of lifestyle on myopia incidence and development. This study investigates the relationship between leisure sedentary behaviors (LSB)/physical activity (PA)/sleep traits and myopia. METHODS LSB, PA, and sleep trait-associated genetic variants were used as instrument variables in a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to examine their causal effects on myopia. Summary genome-wide association studies (GWASs) statistical data for LSB and PA were obtained from UK Biobank, and the data of sleep traits was obtained from UK Biobank, UK Biobank and 23andMe, and FinnGen. We used summary statistics data for myopia from MRC IEU. The MR analyses was performed using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier methods. RESULTS Computer use was genetically predicted to increase the myopia risk [IVW odds ratio (OR) = 1.057; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.038-1.078; P = 7.04 × 10- 9]. The self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (IVW OR = 0.962; 95% CI, 0.932-0.993; P = 1.57 × 10- 2) and television watching (IVW OR = 0.973; 95% CI, 0.961-0.985, P = 1.93 × 10- 5) were significantly associated with a lower myopia risk. However, genetically predicted sleep traits or accelerometer-measured physical activity had no significant associations with myopia. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that computer use is a risk factor for myopia, whereas television watching and MVPA may protect against myopia. These findings shed new light on possible strategies for reducing the prevalence of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - He-He Jiang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin-Lin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Jing Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Xing
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Ning Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Yu-Xia Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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10
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Dong XX, Xie JY, Li DL, Dong Y, Zhang XF, Lanca C, Grzybowski A, Pan CW. Association of sleep traits with myopia in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study. Prev Med 2024; 180:107893. [PMID: 38342383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between sleep and myopia in children and adolescents has been reported, yet it remains controversial and inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate the influence of different sleep traits on the risk of myopia using meta-analytical and Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques. METHODS The literature search was performed in August 31, 2023 based on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. The meta-analysis of observational studies reporting the relationship between sleep and myopia was conducted. MR analyses were carried out to assess the causal impact of genetic pre-disposition for sleep traits on myopia. RESULTS The results of the meta-analysis indicated a significant association between the risk of myopia and both short sleep duration [odds ratio (OR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08-1.42, P = 0.003] and long sleep duration (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.66-0.86, P < 0.001). MR analyses revealed no significant causal associations of genetically determined sleep traits with myopia, including chronotype, sleep duration, short sleep duration and long sleep duration (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS No evidence was found to support a causal relationship between sleep traits and myopia. While sleep may not independently predict the risk of myopia, the potential impact of sleep on the occurrence and development of myopia cannot be disregarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xuan Dong
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yu Xie
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dan-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Dong
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Carla Lanca
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andrzej Grzybowski
- Institute for Research in Ophthalmology, Foundation for Ophthalmology Development, Poznan, Poland
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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11
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Erdinest N, Atar-Vardi M, London N, Landau D, Smadja D, Pras E, Lavy I, Morad Y. Treatment of Rapid Progression of Myopia: Topical Atropine 0.05% and MF60 Contact Lenses. Vision (Basel) 2024; 8:3. [PMID: 38391084 PMCID: PMC10885127 DOI: 10.3390/vision8010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This retrospective study evaluates the effectiveness of combining 0.05% atropine with MF60 contact lenses in managing rapid myopia progression in children over one year. The study involved three groups: the treatment group (TG) with 15 children (53% male, average age 12.9 ± 1.04), the MF group (MF) with 12 children (50% male, average age 12.8 ± 0.8) using only MF60 lenses, and the control group (CG) with 14 children (43% male, average age 12.1 ± 0.76). Baseline myopia and axial length (AL) were similar across groups, with the TG, MF, and CG showing -4.02 ± 0.70 D, -4.18 ± 0.89 D, -3.86 ± 0.99 D, and 24.72 ± 0.73 mm, 24.98 ± 0.70 mm, 24.59 ± 1.02 mm, respectively. Prior to the study, all groups exhibited significant myopia and AL progression, with no previous myopia control management. The treatment involved daily 0.05% atropine instillation, the use of MF60 lenses and increased outdoor activity. Biannual cycloplegic refraction and slit lamp evaluations confirmed no adverse reactions. After one year, the TG showed a significant reduction in myopia and AL progression (-0.43 ± 0.46 D, p < 0.01; 0.22 ± 0.23 mm, p < 0.01), whereas the CG showed minimal change (-1.30 ± 0.43 D, p = 0.36; 0.65 ± 0.35 mm, p = 0.533). The MF group also exhibited a notable decrease (-0.74 ± 0.45 D, p < 0.01; 0.36 ± 0.23 mm). Increased outdoor activity during the treatment year did not significantly impact myopia control, suggesting its limited additional effect in this cohort. The study concludes that the combination of 0.05% atropine and peripheral defocus soft contact lenses effectively controls myopia progression in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Erdinest
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel
- The Myopia Center, Petach Tikva 4900519, Israel
| | - Maya Atar-Vardi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin 7033001, Israel
| | - Naomi London
- Private Practice, 5 Even Israel, Jerusalem 9422805, Israel
| | - David Landau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel
| | - David Smadja
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel
| | - Eran Pras
- Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin 7033001, Israel
| | - Itay Lavy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190500, Israel
| | - Yair Morad
- The Myopia Center, Petach Tikva 4900519, Israel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin 7033001, Israel
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Ohguro H, Umetsu A, Sato T, Furuhashi M, Watanabe M. Lipid Metabolism Regulators Are the Possible Determinant for Characteristics of Myopic Human Scleral Stroma Fibroblasts (HSSFs). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:501. [PMID: 38203671 PMCID: PMC10778967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current investigation was to elucidate what kinds of responsible mechanisms induce elongation of the sclera in myopic eyes. To do this, two-dimensional (2D) cultures of human scleral stromal fibroblasts (HSSFs) obtained from eyes with two different axial length (AL) groups, <26 mm (low AL group, n = 2) and >27 mm (high AL group, n = 3), were subjected to (1) measurements of Seahorse mitochondrial and glycolytic indices to evaluate biological aspects and (2) analysis by RNA sequencing. Extracellular flux analysis revealed that metabolic indices related to mitochondrial and glycolytic functions were higher in the low AL group than in the high AL group, suggesting that metabolic activities of HSSF cells are different depending the degree of AL. Based upon RNA sequencing of these low and high AL groups, the bioinformatic analyses using gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified that sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 2 (SREBF2) is both a possible upstream regulator and a causal network regulator. Furthermore, SREBF1, insulin-induced gene 1 (INSIG1), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) were detected as upstream regulators, and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) was detected as a causal network regulator. Since those possible regulators were all pivotally involved in lipid metabolisms including fatty acid (FA), triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (Chol) biosynthesis, the findings reported here indicate that FA, TG and Chol biosynthesis regulation may be responsible mechanisms inducing AL elongation via HSSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ohguro
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; (H.O.); (A.U.)
| | - Araya Umetsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; (H.O.); (A.U.)
| | - Tatsuya Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Signal Transduction, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo 060-8556, Hokkaido, Japan; (H.O.); (A.U.)
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