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Dibattista M, Pifferi S, Hernandez-Clavijo A, Menini A. The physiological roles of anoctamin2/TMEM16B and anoctamin1/TMEM16A in chemical senses. Cell Calcium 2024; 120:102889. [PMID: 38677213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Chemical senses allow animals to detect and discriminate a vast array of molecules. The olfactory system is responsible of the detection of small volatile molecules, while water dissolved molecules are detected by taste buds in the oral cavity. Moreover, many animals respond to signaling molecules such as pheromones and other semiochemicals through the vomeronasal organ. The peripheral organs dedicated to chemical detection convert chemical signals into perceivable information through the employment of diverse receptor types and the activation of multiple ion channels. Two ion channels, TMEM16B, also known as anoctamin2 (ANO2) and TMEM16A, or anoctamin1 (ANO1), encoding for Ca2+-activated Cl¯ channels, have been recently described playing critical roles in various cell types. This review aims to discuss the main properties of TMEM16A and TMEM16B-mediated currents and their physiological roles in chemical senses. In olfactory sensory neurons, TMEM16B contributes to amplify the odorant response, to modulate firing, response kinetics and adaptation. TMEM16A and TMEM16B shape the pattern of action potentials in vomeronasal sensory neurons increasing the interspike interval. In type I taste bud cells, TMEM16A is activated during paracrine signaling mediated by ATP. This review aims to shed light on the regulation of diverse signaling mechanisms and neuronal excitability mediated by Ca-activated Cl¯ channels, hinting at potential new roles for TMEM16A and TMEM16B in the chemical senses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Dibattista
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari A. Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Simone Pifferi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Andres Hernandez-Clavijo
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Menini
- Neurobiology Group, SISSA, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, 34136 Trieste, Italy.
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Takahashi K, Yamada T, Katagiri H. Inter-Organ Communication Involved in Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1461:161-175. [PMID: 39289280 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-97-4584-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Brown and beige adipocytes produce heat from substrates such as fatty acids and glucose. Such heat productions occur in response to various stimuli and are called adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis. This review introduces mechanisms known to regulate brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis. Leptin and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) are examples of periphery-derived humoral factors that act on the central nervous system (CNS) and increase brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. Additionally, neuronal signals such as those induced by intestinal cholecystokinin and hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ travel through vagal afferent-CNS-sympathetic efferent-BAT pathways and increase BAT thermogenesis. By contrast, some periphery-derived humoral factors (ghrelin, adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and soluble leptin receptor) act also on CNS but inhibit BAT thermogenesis. Neuronal signals also reduce BAT sympathetic activities and BAT thermogenesis, one such example being signals derived by hepatic glucokinase activation. Beige adipocytes can be induced by myokines (interleukin 6, irisin, and β-aminoisobutyric acid), hepatokines (FGF21), and cardiac-secreted factors (brain natriuretic peptide). Cold temperature and leptin also stimulate beige adipocytes via sympathetic activation. Further investigation on inter-organ communication involving adipocyte thermogenesis may lead to the elucidation of how body temperature is regulated and, moreover, to the development of novel strategies to treat metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Takahashi
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamada
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hideki Katagiri
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Liu M, Zhang Q, Ma S. A tree-based gene-environment interaction analysis with rare features. Stat Anal Data Min 2022; 15:648-674. [PMID: 38046814 PMCID: PMC10691867 DOI: 10.1002/sam.11578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Gene-environment (G-E) interaction analysis plays a critical role in understanding and modeling complex diseases. Compared to main-effect-only analysis, it is more seriously challenged by higher dimensionality, weaker signals, and the unique "main effects, interactions" variable selection hierarchy. In joint G-E interaction analysis under which a large number of G factors are analysed in a single model, effort tailored to rare features (e.g., SNPs with low minor allele frequencies) has been limited. Existing investigations on rare features have been mostly focused on marginal analysis, where various data aggregation techniques have been developed, and hypothesis testings have been conducted to identify significant aggregated features. However, such techniques cannot be extended to joint G-E interaction analysis. In this study, building on a very recent tree-based data aggregation technique, which has been developed for main-effect-only analysis, we develop a new G-E interaction analysis approach tailored to rare features. The adopted data aggregation technique allows for more efficient information borrowing from neighboring rare features. Similar to some existing state-of-the-art ones, the proposed approach adopts penalization for variable selection, regularized estimation, and respect of the variable selection hierarchy. Simulation shows that it has more accurate identification of important interactions and main effects than several competing alternatives. In the analysis of NFBC1966 study, the proposed approach leads to findings different from the alternatives and with satisfactory prediction and stability performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengque Liu
- School of Journalism and New Media, Xi’an Jiaotong Universit0y, Shanxi Xi’an, China
| | - Qingzhao Zhang
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, School of Economics, Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics, and Fujian Key Lab of Statistics, Xiamen University, Fujian Xiamen, China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Chen Q, Fang J, Shen H, Chen L, Shi M, Huang X, Miao Z, Gong Y. Roles, molecular mechanisms, and signaling pathways of TMEMs in neurological diseases. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:13273-13297. [PMID: 35035675 PMCID: PMC8748174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane protein family members (TMEMs) span the entire lipid bilayer and act as channels that allow the transport of specific substances through biofilms. The functions of most TMEMs are unexplored. Numerous studies have shown that TMEMs are involved in the pathophysiological processes of various nervous system diseases, but the specific mechanisms of TMEMs in the pathogenesis of diseases remain unclear. In this review, we discuss the expression, physiological functions, and molecular mechanisms of TMEMs in brain tumors, psychiatric disorders, abnormal motor activity, cobblestone lissencephaly, neuropathic pain, traumatic brain injury, and other disorders of the nervous system. Additionally, we propose that TMEMs may be used as prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets in patients with various neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junlin Fang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Banan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineChongqing 401320, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengying Shi
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianbao Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Miao
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yating Gong
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineSuzhou 215600, Jiangsu, China
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Ji W, Shi D, Shi S, Yang X, Chen Y, An H, Pang C. TMEM16A protein: calcium binding site and its activation mechanism. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:1338-1348. [PMID: 34749600 DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666211105112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
TMEM16A mediates calcium-activated transmembrane flow of chloride ion and a variety of physiological functions. The binding of cytoplasmic calcium ions of TMEM16A and the consequent conformational changes of it are the key issues to explore the relationship between its structure and function. In recent years, researchers have explored this issue through electrophysiological experiment, structure resolving, molecular dynamic simulation and other methods. The structures of TMEM16 family members resolved by cryo-Electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and X-ray crystallization provide the primarily basis for the investigation of the molecular mechanism of TMEM16A. However, the binding and activation mechanism of calcium ions in TMEM16A are still unclear and controversial. This review discusses four Ca2+ sensing sites of TMEM16A and analyze activation properties of TMEM16A by them, which will help to understand the structure-function relationship of TMEM16A and throw light on the molecular design targeting TMEM16A channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Ji
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401. China
| | - Donghong Shi
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401. China
| | - Sai Shi
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401. China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401. China
| | - Hailong An
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401. China
| | - Chunli Pang
- Institute of Biophysics, School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401. China
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Zhang X, Zhang G, Zhao Z, Xiu R, Jia J, Chen P, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yi J. Cepharanthine, a novel selective ANO1 inhibitor with potential for lung adenocarcinoma therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119132. [PMID: 34450215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anoctamin-1 (ANO1), also known as transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A), is identified as a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel that is expressed in many organs and tissues. It is involved in numerous major physiological functions and especially in tumor growth. By screening 530 natural compounds, we identified cepharanthine as a potent blocker of ANO1 channels with an IC50 of 11.2 ± 0.9 μM and Emax of 92.7 ± 1.7%. The Lys384, Arg535, Thr539, and Glu624 in ANO1 are critical for the inhibitory effect of cepharanthine. Similar to its effect on ANO1, cepharanthine inhibits ANO2, the closest analog of TMEM16A. In contrast, up to 30 μM of cepharanthine showed limited inhibitory effects on recombinant ANO6 and bestrophin-1-encoded Ca2+-activated Cl- currents, but it showed no effects on endogenous volume-regulated anion currents (VRAC). Cepharanthine could also potently suppress endogenous ANO1 currents, significantly inhibit cell proliferation and migration, and induce apoptosis in LA795 lung adenocarcinoma cells. Moreover, animal experiments have shown that cepharanthine can dramatically inhibit the growth of xenograft tumors in mice. The high specificity provided by cepharanthine could be an important foundation for future studies of the physiological role of ANO1 channels, and these findings may reveal a new mechanism of its anticancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Research on Active Ingredients in Natural Medicine of Jiangxi Province, Yichun University, Yichun, China.; Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Gaohua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhijun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruilian Xiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pingping Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanshuang Liu
- Department of Diagnostics, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianfeng Yi
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China; Key Laboratory for Research on Active Ingredients in Natural Medicine of Jiangxi Province, Yichun University, Yichun, China..
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7
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Abboud FM. Four evolving concepts in molecular and clinical autonomic research. Clin Auton Res 2021; 31:467-471. [PMID: 34191210 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-021-00816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- François M Abboud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Edith King Pearson Chair of Cardiovascular Research, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, 110 College of Medicine Administration Building (CMAB), Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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Suchacki KJ, Stimson RH. Nutritional Regulation of Human Brown Adipose Tissue. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061748. [PMID: 34063868 PMCID: PMC8224032 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent identification of brown adipose tissue in adult humans offers a new strategy to increase energy expenditure to treat obesity and associated metabolic disease. While white adipose tissue (WAT) is primarily for energy storage, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic organ that increases energy expenditure to generate heat. BAT is activated upon cold exposure and improves insulin sensitivity and lipid clearance, highlighting its beneficial role in metabolic health in humans. This review provides an overview of BAT physiology in conditions of overnutrition (obesity and associated metabolic disease), undernutrition and in conditions of altered fat distribution such as lipodystrophy. We review the impact of exercise, dietary macronutrients and bioactive compounds on BAT activity. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of dietary manipulations or supplementation to increase energy expenditure and BAT thermogenesis. We conclude that chronic nutritional interventions may represent a useful nonpharmacological means to enhance BAT mass and activity to aid weight loss and/or improve metabolic health.
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Huang KP, Raybould HE. Estrogen and gut satiety hormones in vagus-hindbrain axis. Peptides 2020; 133:170389. [PMID: 32860834 PMCID: PMC8461656 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens modulate different physiological functions, including reproduction, inflammation, bone formation, energy expenditure, and food intake. In this review, we highlight the effect of estrogens on food intake regulation and the latest literature on intracellular estrogen signaling. In addition, gut satiety hormones, such as cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide 1 and leptin are essential to regulate ingestive behaviors in the postprandial period. These peripheral signals are sensed by vagal afferent terminals in the gut wall and transmitted to the hindbrain axis. Here we 1. review the role of the vagus-hindbrain axis in response to gut satiety signals and 2. consider the potential synergistic effects of estrogens on gut satiety signals at the level of vagal afferent neurons and nuclei located in the hindbrain. Understanding the action of estrogens in gut-brain axis provides a potential strategy to develop estrogen-based therapies for metabolic diseases and emphasizes the importance of sex difference in the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuei-Pin Huang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, CA, United States
| | - Helen E Raybould
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, CA, United States.
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Undem BJ, Sun H. Molecular/Ionic Basis of Vagal Bronchopulmonary C-Fiber Activation by Inflammatory Mediators. Physiology (Bethesda) 2020; 35:57-68. [PMID: 31799905 PMCID: PMC6985783 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00014.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of bronchopulmonary vagal afferent C fibers by inflammatory mediators can lead to coughing, chest tightness, and changes in breathing pattern, as well as reflex bronchoconstriction and secretions. These responses serve a defensive function in healthy lungs but likely contribute to many of the signs and symptoms of inflammatory airway diseases. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the activation of bronchopulmonary C-fiber terminals may lead to novel therapeutics that would work in an additive or synergic manner with existing anti-inflammatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Sun
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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