1
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Wang S, Lei K, Lai HT, Liu T, Du L, Wu SY, Ye X, Chiang CM, Li M. Novel BRD4-p53 Inhibitor SDU-071 Suppresses Proliferation and Migration of MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1178-1190. [PMID: 38633583 PMCID: PMC11019737 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
A promising alternative for cancer treatment involves targeted inhibition of the epigenetic regulator bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4); however, available BRD4 inhibitors are constrained by their potency, oral bioavailability, and cytotoxicity. Herein, to overcome the drawback of the translational BRD4 inhibitors, we describe a novel BRD4-p53 inhibitor, SDU-071, which suppresses BRD4 interaction with the p53 tumor suppressor and its biological activity in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells in vitro and in vivo. This novel small-molecule BRD4-p53 inhibitor suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by downregulating the expression of BRD4-targeted genes, such as c-Myc and Mucin 5AC, and inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, as demonstrated in cultured MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. Its antitumor activity is illustrated in an orthotopic mouse xenograft mammary tumor model. Overall, our results show that SDU-071 is a viable option for potentially treating TNBC as a new BRD4-p53 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Wang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE),
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Kang Lei
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE),
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Hsien-Tsung Lai
- Simmons
Comprehensive Cancer Center, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE),
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lupei Du
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE),
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shwu-Yuan Wu
- Simmons
Comprehensive Cancer Center, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Xiaohan Ye
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE),
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Cheng-Ming Chiang
- Simmons
Comprehensive Cancer Center, University
of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Minyong Li
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE),
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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2
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Xu YD, Liang XC, Li ZP, Wu ZS, Yang J, Jia SZ, Peng R, Li ZY, Wang XH, Luo FJ, Chen JJ, Cheng WX, Zhang P, Zha ZG, Zeng R, Zhang HT. Apoptotic body-inspired nanotherapeutics efficiently attenuate osteoarthritis by targeting BRD4-regulated synovial macrophage polarization. Biomaterials 2024; 306:122483. [PMID: 38330742 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is the most well-studied BET protein that is important for the innate immune response. We recently revealed that targeting BRD4 triggers apoptosis in tumor-associated macrophages, but its role in synovial macrophages and joint inflammation is largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that BRD4 was highly expressed in the iNOS-positive M1 macrophages in the human and mouse osteoarthritis (OA) synovium, and conditional knockout of BRD4 in the myeloid lineage using Lyz2-cre; BRD4flox/flox mice significantly abolished anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced M1 macrophage accumulation and synovial inflammation. Accordingly, we successfully constructed apoptotic body-inspired phosphatidylserine-containing nanoliposomes (PSLs) loaded with the BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 to regulate inflammatory macrophages. JQ1-loaded PSLs (JQ1@PSLs) exhibited a higher cellular uptake by macrophages than fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in vitro and in vivo, as well as the reduction in proinflammatory M1 macrophage polarization. Intra-articular injections of JQ1@PSLs showed prolonged retention within the joint, and remarkably reduced synovial inflammation and joint pain via suppressing M1 polarization accompanied by reduced TRPA1 expression by targeted inhibition of BRD4 in the macrophages, thus attenuating cartilage degradation during OA development. The results show that BRD4-inhibiting JQ1@PSLs can targeted-modulate macrophage polarization, which opens a new avenue for efficient OA therapy via a "Trojan horse".
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Di Xu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Xiang-Chao Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Zhao-Sheng Wu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Shi-Zhen Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Zhen-Yan Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Xiao-He Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Fang-Ji Luo
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Jia-Jing Chen
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China
| | - Wen-Xiang Cheng
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhen-Gang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
| | - Huan-Tian Zhang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
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3
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Miles TK, Allensworth-James ML, Odle AK, Silva Moreira AR, Haney AC, LaGasse AN, Gies AJ, Byrum SD, Riojas AM, MacNicol MC, MacNicol AM, Childs GV. Maternal undernutrition results in transcript changes in male offspring that may promote resistance to high fat diet induced weight gain. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1332959. [PMID: 38720938 PMCID: PMC11077627 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1332959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition during embryonic development and lactation influences multiple aspects of offspring health. Using mice, this study investigates the effects of maternal caloric restriction (CR) during mid-gestation and lactation on offspring neonatal development and on adult metabolic function when challenged by a high fat diet (HFD). The CR maternal model produced male and female offspring that were significantly smaller, in terms of weight and length, and females had delayed puberty. Adult offspring born to CR dams had a sexually dimorphic response to the high fat diet. Compared to offspring of maternal control dams, adult female, but not male, CR offspring gained more weight in response to high fat diet at 10 weeks. In adipose tissue of male HFD offspring, maternal undernutrition resulted in blunted expression of genes associated with weight gain and increased expression of genes that protect against weight gain. Regardless of maternal nutrition status, HFD male offspring showed increased expression of genes associated with progression toward nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Furthermore, we observed significant, sexually dimorphic differences in serum TSH. These data reveal tissue- and sex-specific changes in gene and hormone regulation following mild maternal undernutrition, which may offer protection against diet induced weight gain in adult male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany K. Miles
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Melody L. Allensworth-James
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Angela K. Odle
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Ana Rita Silva Moreira
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Anessa C. Haney
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Alex N. LaGasse
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Allen J. Gies
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Stephanie D. Byrum
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Angelica M. Riojas
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Melanie C. MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Angus M. MacNicol
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Gwen V. Childs
- Department of Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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Talukdar PD, Chatterji U. Transcriptional co-activators: emerging roles in signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:427. [PMID: 37953273 PMCID: PMC10641101 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific cell states in metazoans are established by the symphony of gene expression programs that necessitate intricate synergic interactions between transcription factors and the co-activators. Deregulation of these regulatory molecules is associated with cell state transitions, which in turn is accountable for diverse maladies, including developmental disorders, metabolic disorders, and most significantly, cancer. A decade back most transcription factors, the key enablers of disease development, were historically viewed as 'undruggable'; however, in the intervening years, a wealth of literature validated that they can be targeted indirectly through transcriptional co-activators, their confederates in various physiological and molecular processes. These co-activators, along with transcription factors, have the ability to initiate and modulate transcription of diverse genes necessary for normal physiological functions, whereby, deregulation of such interactions may foster tissue-specific disease phenotype. Hence, it is essential to analyze how these co-activators modulate specific multilateral processes in coordination with other factors. The proposed review attempts to elaborate an in-depth account of the transcription co-activators, their involvement in transcription regulation, and context-specific contributions to pathophysiological conditions. This review also addresses an issue that has not been dealt with in a comprehensive manner and hopes to direct attention towards future research that will encompass patient-friendly therapeutic strategies, where drugs targeting co-activators will have enhanced benefits and reduced side effects. Additional insights into currently available therapeutic interventions and the associated constraints will eventually reveal multitudes of advanced therapeutic targets aiming for disease amelioration and good patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dey Talukdar
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Urmi Chatterji
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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5
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Modi N, Chen Y, Dong X, Hu X, Lau GW, Wilson KT, Peek RM, Chen LF. BRD4 Regulates Glycolysis-Dependent Nos2 Expression in Macrophages Upon H pylori Infection. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:292-308.e1. [PMID: 37820788 PMCID: PMC10829522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic reprogramming is essential for the activation and functions of macrophages, including bacterial killing and cytokine production. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has emerged as a critical regulator of innate immune response. However, the potential role of BRD4 in the metabolic reprogramming of macrophage activation upon Helicobacter pylori infection remains unclear. METHODS Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type (WT) and Brd4-myeloid deletion conditional knockout (Brd4-CKO) mice were infected with H pylori. RNA sequencing was performed to evaluate the differential gene expression between WT and Brd4-deficient BMDMs upon infection. An in vivo model of H pylori infection using WT and Brd4-CKO mice was used to confirm the role of BRD4 in innate immune response to infection. RESULTS Depletion of Brd4 in BMDMs showed impaired H pylori-induced glycolysis. In addition, H pylori-induced expression of glycolytic genes, including Slc2a1 and Hk2, was decreased in Brd4-deficient BMDMs. BRD4 was recruited to the promoters of Slc2a1 and Hk2 via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, facilitating their expression. BRD4-mediated glycolysis stabilized H pylori-induced nitric oxide synthase (Nos2) messenger RNA to produce nitric oxide. The NO-mediated killing of H pylori decreased in Brd4-deficient BMDMs, which was rescued by pyruvate. Furthermore, Brd4-CKO mice infected with H pylori showed reduced gastric inflammation and increased H pylori colonization with reduced inducible NO synthase expression in gastric macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified BRD4 as a key regulator of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α-dependent glycolysis and macrophage activation. Furthermore, we show a novel regulatory role of BRD4 in innate immunity through glycolysis to stabilize Nos2 messenger RNA for NO production to eliminate H pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Modi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Yanheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Xingchen Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Xiangming Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Richard M Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lin-Feng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.
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6
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Wei F, Tuong ZK, Omer M, Ngo C, Asiatico J, Kinzel M, Pugazhendhi AS, Khaled AR, Ghosh R, Coathup M. A novel multifunctional radioprotective strategy using P7C3 as a countermeasure against ionizing radiation-induced bone loss. Bone Res 2023; 11:34. [PMID: 37385982 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00273-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a critical component of cancer care but can cause osteoporosis and pathological insufficiency fractures in surrounding and otherwise healthy bone. Presently, no effective countermeasure exists, and ionizing radiation-induced bone damage continues to be a substantial source of pain and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to investigate a small molecule aminopropyl carbazole named P7C3 as a novel radioprotective strategy. Our studies revealed that P7C3 repressed ionizing radiation (IR)-induced osteoclastic activity, inhibited adipogenesis, and promoted osteoblastogenesis and mineral deposition in vitro. We also demonstrated that rodents exposed to clinically equivalent hypofractionated levels of IR in vivo develop weakened, osteoporotic bone. However, the administration of P7C3 significantly inhibited osteoclastic activity, lipid formation and bone marrow adiposity and mitigated tissue loss such that bone maintained its area, architecture, and mechanical strength. Our findings revealed significant enhancement of cellular macromolecule metabolic processes, myeloid cell differentiation, and the proteins LRP-4, TAGLN, ILK, and Tollip, with downregulation of GDF-3, SH2B1, and CD200. These proteins are key in favoring osteoblast over adipogenic progenitor differentiation, cell matrix interactions, and shape and motility, facilitating inflammatory resolution, and suppressing osteoclastogenesis, potentially via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. A concern was whether P7C3 afforded similar protection to cancer cells. Preliminarily, and remarkably, at the same protective P7C3 dose, a significant reduction in triple-negative breast cancer and osteosarcoma cell metabolic activity was found in vitro. Together, these results indicate that P7C3 is a previously undiscovered key regulator of adipo-osteogenic progenitor lineage commitment and may serve as a novel multifunctional therapeutic strategy, leaving IR an effective clinical tool while diminishing the risk of adverse post-IR complications. Our data uncover a new approach for the prevention of radiation-induced bone damage, and further work is needed to investigate its ability to selectively drive cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wei
- Biionix Cluster, and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Zewen Kelvin Tuong
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Mahmoud Omer
- Biionix Cluster, and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Biionix Cluster, and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jackson Asiatico
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Michael Kinzel
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Abinaya Sindu Pugazhendhi
- Biionix Cluster, and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Annette R Khaled
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Ranajay Ghosh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Melanie Coathup
- Biionix Cluster, and Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
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7
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Identification of Adipogenesis Subgroups and Immune Infiltration Characteristics in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:3673094. [PMID: 36741233 PMCID: PMC9893521 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3673094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of adipogenesis is related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) pathogenesis, which may be mediated by immune infiltration. Nevertheless, the expression patterns of multiple adipogenesis-related genes and the differences of immune infiltration in different lipid metabolism levels remain unknown. GSE95849, a gene expression matrix containing DPN patients and healthy participants, was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed adipogenesis-related genes (DEARGs) were screened by overlapping the adipogenesis-related genes with differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DPN patients from GSE24290 and GSE148059 were divided into two adipogenesis subgroups according to the expression of DEARGs. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to estimate the abundance of the immune cells between two subgroups. The analysis of immune infiltration suggested that a variety of immune cells and immune processes were elevated in the high expression group of DEARGs. The differentially expressed genes of the two subgroups were mainly enriched in biological processes and signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism. PPARG, FABP4, LIPE, FASN, SCD, DGAT2, PNPLA2, ADIPOQ, LEP, and CEBPA were identified as the hub genes of the two subgroups, whose related transcription factors (TFs) and miRNAs were predicted. An immunohistochemical assay was used to verify the expression of hub genes in DPN nerve tissues. Our comprehensive analysis of adipogenesis subgroups in DPN illustrated that different expression patterns of DEARGs may lead to different immune and inflammatory states. The identification of DEARGs may help to further distinguish the different characteristics of DPN patients and lay the foundation for targeted treatment. Our findings may bring a novel perspective to the diagnosis and treatment of DPN patients.
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8
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Wasiak S, Tsujikawa LM, Daze E, Gilham D, Stotz SC, Rakai BD, Sarsons CD, Fu L, Azhar S, Jahagirdar R, Sweeney M, Johansson JO, Wong NCW, Kulikowski E. Epigenetic BET reader inhibitor apabetalone (RVX-208) counters proinflammatory aortic gene expression in a diet induced obesity mouse model and in human endothelial cells. Atherosclerosis 2023; 364:10-19. [PMID: 36455344 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obese patients are at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). A lipid-rich diet promotes arterial changes by inducing hypertension, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins contribute to endothelial and immune cell activation in vitro and in atherosclerosis mouse models. We aim to determine if BET inhibition can reduce lipid-rich diet-induced vascular inflammation in mice. METHODS Body weight, serum glucose and lipid levels were measured in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet (LFD) for 6 weeks and at study termination. BET inhibitors apabetalone and JQ1 were co-administered with the HFD for additional 16 weeks. Aortic gene expression was analyzed post necropsy by PCR, Nanostring nCounter® Inflammation Panel and bioinformatics pathway analysis. Transcription changes and BRD4 chromatin occupancy were analyzed in primary human endothelial cells in response to TNFα and apabetalone. RESULTS HFD induced weight gain, visceral obesity, high fasting blood glucose, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance compared to LFD controls. HFD upregulated the aortic expression of 47 genes involved in inflammation, innate immunity, cytoskeleton and complement pathways. Apabetalone and JQ1 treatment reduced HFD-induced aortic expression of proinflammatory genes. Congruently, bioinformatics predicted enhanced signaling by TNFα in the HFD versus LFD aorta, which was countered by BETi treatment. TNFα-stimulated human endothelial cells had increased expression of HFD-sensitive genes and higher BRD4 chromatin occupancy, which was countered by apabetalone treatment. CONCLUSIONS HFD induces vascular inflammation in mice through TNFα signaling. Apabetalone treatment reduces this proinflammatory phenotype, providing mechanistic insight into how BET inhibitors may reduce CVD risk in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Wasiak
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Laura M Tsujikawa
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Emily Daze
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Dean Gilham
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Stephanie C Stotz
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Brooke D Rakai
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Chris D Sarsons
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Li Fu
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Salman Azhar
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ravi Jahagirdar
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Michael Sweeney
- Resverlogix Inc., 535 Mission St, 14th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94105
| | - Jan O Johansson
- Resverlogix Inc., 535 Mission St, 14th Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94105
| | - Norman C W Wong
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada
| | - Ewelina Kulikowski
- Resverlogix Corp., 300-4820 Richard Road SW, Calgary, AB, T3E 6L1, Canada.
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9
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Roles of Bromodomain Extra Terminal Proteins in Metabolic Signaling and Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081032. [PMID: 36015180 PMCID: PMC9414451 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BET proteins, which recognize and bind to acetylated histones, play a key role in transcriptional regulation. The development of chemical BET inhibitors in 2010 greatly facilitated the study of these proteins. BETs play crucial roles in cancer, inflammation, heart failure, and fibrosis. In particular, BETs may be involved in regulating metabolic processes, such as adipogenesis and metaflammation, which are under tight transcriptional regulation. In addition, acetyl-CoA links energy metabolism with epigenetic modification through lysine acetylation, which creates docking sites for BET. Given this, it is possible that the ambient energy status may dictate metabolic gene transcription via a BET-dependent mechanism. Indeed, recent studies have reported that various BET proteins are involved in both metabolic signaling regulation and disease. Here, we discuss some of the most recent information on BET proteins and their regulation of the metabolism in both cellular and animal models. Further, we summarize data from some randomized clinical trials evaluating BET inhibitors for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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10
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Abstract
The heart is a never-stopping engine that relies on a formidable pool of mitochondria to generate energy and propel pumping. Because dying cardiomyocytes cannot be replaced, this high metabolic rate creates the challenge of preserving organelle fitness and cell function for life. Here, we provide an immunologist's perspective on how the heart solves this challenge, which is in part by incorporating macrophages as an integral component of the myocardium. Cardiac macrophages surround cardiomyocytes and capture dysfunctional mitochondria that these cells eject to the milieu, effectively establishing a client cell-support cell interaction. We refer to this heterologous partnership as heterophagy. Notably, this process shares analogies with other biological systems, is essential for proteostasis and metabolic fitness of cardiomyocytes, and unveils a remarkable degree of dependence of the healthy heart on immune cells for everyday function.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Nicolás-Ávila
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Spain (J.A.N.-A., L.P.-C., P.M.-C., A.H.)
| | - Laura Pena-Couso
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Spain (J.A.N.-A., L.P.-C., P.M.-C., A.H.)
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Spain (J.A.N.-A., L.P.-C., P.M.-C., A.H.).,Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERNED, Spain (P.M.-C.).,ICREA, Spain (P.M.-C.)
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Spain (J.A.N.-A., L.P.-C., P.M.-C., A.H.)
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11
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Liu B, Xiang L, Ji J, Liu W, Chen Y, Xia M, Liu Y, Liu W, Zhu P, Jin Y, Han Y, Lu J, Li X, Zheng M, Lu Y. Sparcl1 promotes nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression in mice through upregulation of CCL2. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:144801. [PMID: 34651580 DOI: 10.1172/jci144801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of chronic liver disease ranging from simple steatosis (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the molecular mechanisms of NASH progression remain incompletely understood. White adipose tissue (WAT) has emerged as an important endocrine organ and contributes not only to the initial stage of NAFLD, but also to its severity. In the current study, through transcriptomic analysis we identified increased expression of Sparcl1, a secreted glycoprotein, in the WAT from NASH mice. Plasma Sparcl1 levels were similarly elevated and positively correlated with hepatic pathological features in NASH patients. Functional studies showed that both chronic injection of recombinant Sparcl1 protein and overexpression of Sparcl1 exaggerated hepatic inflammation and liver injury in mice. In contrast, genetic ablation of Sparcl1, knockdown of Sparcl1 in WAT, and treatment with a Sparcl1-neutralizing antibody dramatically alleviated diet-induced NASH pathogenesis. Mechanistically, Sparcl1 promoted the expression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in hepatocytes through binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and activation of the NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway. Genetically or pharmacologically blocking the CCL2/CCR2 pathway attenuated the hepatic inflammatory response evoked by Sparcl1. Thus, our results demonstrated an important role for Sparcl1 in NASH progression, suggesting a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Liping Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuejun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Yu Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jieli Lu
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute for Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Zhen Y, Shu W, Hou X, Wang Y. Innate Immune System Orchestrates Metabolic Homeostasis and Dysfunction in Visceral Adipose Tissue During Obesity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702835. [PMID: 34421909 PMCID: PMC8377368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Arising incidence of metabolic disorders and related diseases caused by obesity is a global health concern. Elucidating the role of the immune system in this process will help to understand the related mechanisms and develop treatment strategies. Here, we have focused on innate immune cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and summarized the roles of these cells in maintaining the homeostasis of VAT. Furthermore, this review reveals the importance of quantitative and functional changes of innate immune cells when the metabolic microenvironment changes due to obesity or excess lipids, and confirms that these changes eventually lead to the occurrence of chronic inflammation and metabolic diseases of VAT. Two perspectives are reviewed, which include sequential changes in various innate immune cells in the steady state of VAT and its imbalance during obesity. Cross-sectional interactions between various innate immune cells at the same time point are also reviewed. Through delineation of a comprehensive perspective of VAT homeostasis in obesity-induced chronic inflammation, and ultimately metabolic dysfunction and disease, we expect to clarify the complex interactive networks among distinct cell populations and propose that these interactions should be taken into account in the development of biotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wentao Shu
- Department of Biobank, Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xintong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Institute of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Biobank, Division of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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