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Bézie S, Sérazin C, Autrusseau E, Vimond N, Giral M, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Renal graft function in transplanted patients correlates with CD45RC T cell phenotypic signature. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300032. [PMID: 38512889 PMCID: PMC10956768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that could predict the evolution of the graft in transplanted patients and that could allow to adapt the care of the patients would be an invaluable tool. Additionally, certain biomarkers can be target of treatments and help to stratify patients. Potential effective biomarkers have been identified but still need to be confirmed. CD45RC, one of the splicing variants of the CD45 molecule, a tyrosine phosphatase that is critical in negatively or positively regulating the TCR and the BCR signaling, is one marker already described. The frequency of CD8+ T cells expressing high levels of CD45RC before transplantation is increased in patients with an increased risk of acute rejection. However, single biomarkers have limited predictive reliability and the correlation of the expression levels of CD45RC with other cell markers was not reported. In this study, we performed a fluorescent-based high dimensional immunophenotyping of T cells on a cohort of 69 kidney transplant patients either with stable graft function or having experienced acute transplant rejection during the first year after transplantation or at the time of rejection. We identified combinations of markers and cell subsets associated with activation/inflammation or Tregs/tolerance (HLA-DR, PD-1, IFNγ, CD28) as significant biomarkers associated to transplant outcome, and showed the importance of cell segregation based on the CD45RC marker to identify the signature of a stable graft function. Our study highlights potential reliable biomarkers in transplantation to predict and/or monitor easily graft-directed immune responses and adapt immunosuppression treatments to mitigate adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Department of Nephrology, CHU Nantes, Nantes Université, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, Nantes Université, INSERM, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
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Jiang H, Fan W. Research progress on CD8+ T cell immune regulation in allogenic transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2023; 81:101945. [PMID: 37871888 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
With advances in tissue typing, organ preservation techniques, and clinical surgery, organ transplantation has gained popularity as a treatment option for various end-stage diseases. Allogeneic transplantation has been widely adopted and extensively researched in clinical practice. Despite significant breakthroughs and progress in immunosuppression, this procedure is still associated with several adverse reactions and complications. Therefore, there is a continuing need to explore new immunological approaches to provide fresh insights and guidance for clinical transplantation. CD8+ T cells, traditionally known for their cytotoxic function and their ability to recognize transplanted organs as "non-self" entities, display cytotoxicity. However, recent studies have unveiled that CD8+ T cells have various subtypes and functions that extend beyond conventional cytotoxicity. These CD8+ T cell subtypes include Effector CD8+ T cells, Memory CD8+ T cells, and CD8Treg cells. This review examines the immune regulatory mechanisms of CD8+ T cells in allogeneic transplantation and discusses the potential applications of CD8+ T cells in treating tumors in transplant recipients who are receiving immunosuppressive therapy. These findings offer theoretical guidance for reducing post-transplant rejection reactions and improving adverse prognoses, offering new hope for improved clinical survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Jiang
- Institute of Urology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wenmei Fan
- Institute of Urology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China.
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Zhang Y, Fardous J, Inoue Y, Doi R, Obata A, Sakai Y, Aishima S, Ijima H. Subcutaneous angiogenesis induced by transdermal delivery of gel-in-oil nanogel dispersion. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213628. [PMID: 37769531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Subcutaneous transplantation aims to enhance the growth and functionality of transplanted cells for therapeutic outcomes in tissue engineering. However, the limited subcutaneous vascular network poses a challenge. Conventional methods involve co-transplantation with endothelial cells or angiogenic scaffold implantation, but they have drawbacks like tissue inflammation, compromised endothelial cell functionality, and the risk of repeated scaffold transplantation. Effective techniques are needed to overcome these challenges. This study explores the potential of G/O-NGD, a gel-in-oil nanogel dispersion, as a transdermal carrier of proliferative factors to promote angiogenesis in subcutaneous graft beds before cell transplantation. We observed robust subcutaneous angiogenesis by delivering varying amounts of bFGF using the G/O-NGD emulsion. Quantitative analysis of several parameters confirmed the efficacy of this method for building a subcutaneous vascular network. G/O-NGD is a biodegradable material that facilitates localized transdermal delivery of bFGF while maintaining its activity. The findings of this study have significant implications in both medical and industrial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jannatul Fardous
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Comilla University, Cumilla 3506, Bangladesh
| | - Yuuta Inoue
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryota Doi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Asami Obata
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Scientific Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ijima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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Short S, Lewik G, Issa F. An Immune Atlas of T Cells in Transplant Rejection: Pathways and Therapeutic Opportunities. Transplantation 2023; 107:2341-2352. [PMID: 37026708 PMCID: PMC10593150 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-term outcomes in allotransplantation are excellent due to technical and pharmacological advances; however, improvement in long-term outcomes has been limited. Recurrent episodes of acute cellular rejection, a primarily T cell-mediated response to transplanted tissue, have been implicated in the development of chronic allograft dysfunction and loss. Although it is well established that acute cellular rejection is primarily a CD4 + and CD8 + T cell mediated response, significant heterogeneity exists within these cell compartments. During immune responses, naïve CD4 + T cells are activated and subsequently differentiate into specific T helper subsets under the influence of the local cytokine milieu. These subsets have distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics, with reported differences in their contribution to rejection responses specifically. Of particular relevance are the regulatory subsets and their potential to promote tolerance of allografts. Unraveling the specific contributions of these cell subsets in the context of transplantation is complex, but may reveal new avenues of therapeutic intervention for the prevention of rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Short
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Guido Lewik
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Fadi Issa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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Koh CH, Lee S, Kwak M, Kim BS, Chung Y. CD8 T-cell subsets: heterogeneity, functions, and therapeutic potential. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2287-2299. [PMID: 37907738 PMCID: PMC10689838 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8 T cells play crucial roles in immune surveillance and defense against infections and cancer. After encountering antigenic stimulation, naïve CD8 T cells differentiate and acquire effector functions, enabling them to eliminate infected or malignant cells. Traditionally, cytotoxic T cells, characterized by their ability to produce effector cytokines and release cytotoxic granules to directly kill target cells, have been recognized as the constituents of the predominant effector T-cell subset. However, emerging evidence suggests distinct subsets of effector CD8 T cells that each exhibit unique effector functions and therapeutic potential. This review highlights recent advancements in our understanding of CD8 T-cell subsets and the contributions of these cells to various disease pathologies. Understanding the diverse roles and functions of effector CD8 T-cell subsets is crucial to discern the complex dynamics of immune responses in different disease settings. Furthermore, the development of immunotherapeutic approaches that specifically target and regulate the function of distinct CD8 T-cell subsets holds great promise for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choong-Hyun Koh
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyoung Lee
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Program, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyeong Kwak
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Program, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Seok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 Plus Program, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Gangwon, 25159, Republic of Korea.
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Benallegue N, Nicol B, Lasselin J, Bézie S, Flippe L, Regue H, Vimond N, Remy S, Garcia A, Le Frère F, Anegon I, Laplaud D, Guillonneau C. Patients With Severe Multiple Sclerosis Exhibit Functionally Altered CD8 + Regulatory T Cells. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2022; 9:9/6/e200016. [PMID: 36266052 PMCID: PMC9621606 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. Studies of immune dysfunction in MS have mostly focused on CD4+ Tregs, but the role of CD8+ Tregs remains largely unexplored. We previously evidenced the suppressive properties of rat and human CD8+CD45RClow/neg Tregs from healthy individuals, expressing Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and acting through interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), and interleukin-34 (IL-34). secretions to regulate immune responses and control diseases such as transplant rejection. To better understand CD8+CD45RClow/neg Tregs contribution to MS pathology, we further investigated their phenotype, function, and transcriptome in patients with MS. METHODS We enrolled adults with relapsing-remitting MS and age-matched and sex-matched healthy volunteers (HVs). CD8+ T cells were segregated based on low or lack of expression of CD45RC. First, the frequency in CSF and blood, phenotype, transcriptome, and function of CD8+CD45RClow and neg were investigated according to exacerbation status and secondarily, according to clinical severity based on the MS severity score (MSSS) in patients with nonexacerbating MS. We then induced active MOG35-55 EAE in C57Bl/6 mice and performed adoptive transfer of fresh and expanded CD8+CD45RCneg Tregs to assess their ability to mitigate neuroinflammation in vivo. RESULTS Thirty-one untreated patients with relapsing-remitting MS were compared with 40 age-matched and sex-matched HVs. We demonstrated no difference of CSF CD8+CD45RClow and CD8+CD45RCneg proportions, but blood CD8+CD45RClow frequency was lower in patients with MS exacerbation when compared with that in HVs. CD8+CD45RCneg Tregs but not CD8+CD45RClow showed higher suppressive capacities in vitro in MS patients with exacerbation than in patients without acute inflammatory attack. In vitro functional assays showed a compromised suppression capacity of CD8+CD45RClow Tregs in patients with nonexacerbating severe MS, defined by the MSSS. We then characterized murine CD8+CD45RCneg Tregs and demonstrated the potential of CD45RCneg cells to migrate to the CNS and mitigate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in vivo. DISCUSSION Altogether, these results suggest a defect in the number and function of CD8+CD45RClow Tregs during MS relapse and an association of CD8+CD45RClow Tregs dysfunction with MS severity. Thus, CD8+CD45RClow/neg T cells might bring new insights into the pathophysiology and new therapeutic approaches of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Benallegue
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Bryan Nicol
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Juliette Lasselin
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Severine Bézie
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Lea Flippe
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Hadrien Regue
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Nadege Vimond
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Severine Remy
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Alexandra Garcia
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Fabienne Le Frère
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - David Laplaud
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- From the Nantes Université (N.B., B.N., J.L., S.B., L.F., H.R., N.V., S.R., A.G., I.A., D.L., C.G.), INSERM, CNRS, Center for Research in Transplantation et Translational Immunology, UMR 1064; and CHU Nantes (F.L.F.), Nantes Université, Service de Neurologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences Sclérose en Plaques, Nantes, France.
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Abstract
Inflammation is a biological process that dynamically alters the surrounding microenvironment, including participating immune cells. As a well-protected organ surrounded by specialized barriers and with immune privilege properties, the central nervous system (CNS) tightly regulates immune responses. Yet in neuroinflammatory conditions, pathogenic immunity can disrupt CNS structure and function. T cells in particular play a key role in promoting and restricting neuroinflammatory responses, while the inflamed CNS microenvironment can influence and reshape T cell function and identity. Still, the contraction of aberrant T cell responses within the CNS is not well understood. Using autoimmunity as a model, here we address the contribution of CD4 T helper (Th) cell subsets in promoting neuropathology and disease. To address the mechanisms antagonizing neuroinflammation, we focus on the control of the immune response by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and describe the counteracting processes that preserve their identity under inflammatory challenges. Finally, given the influence of the local microenvironment on immune regulation, we address how CNS-intrinsic signals reshape T cell function to mitigate abnormal immune T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nail Benallegue
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Hania Kebir
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Jorge I. Alvarez
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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8
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Insights into mechanisms of graft-versus-host disease through humanised mouse models. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231673. [PMID: 35993192 PMCID: PMC9446388 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication that occurs following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the treatment of haematological cancers and other blood-related disorders. GVHD is an inflammatory disorder, where the transplanted donor immune cells can mediate an immune response against the recipient and attack host tissues. Despite over 60 years of research, broad-range immune suppression is still used to prevent or treat GVHD, leading to an increased risk of cancer relapse and infection. Therefore, further insights into the disease mechanisms and development of predictive and prognostic biomarkers are key to improving outcomes and reducing GVHD development following allogeneic HSCT. An important preclinical tool to examine the pathophysiology of GVHD and to understand the key mechanisms that lead to GVHD development are preclinical humanised mouse models. Such models of GVHD are now well-established and can provide valuable insights into disease development. This review will focus on models where human peripheral blood mononuclear cells are injected into immune-deficient non-obese diabetic (NOD)-scid-interleukin-2(IL-2)Rγ mutant (NOD-scid-IL2Rγnull) mice. Humanised mouse models of GVHD can mimic the clinical setting for GVHD development, with disease progression and tissues impacted like that observed in humans. This review will highlight key findings from preclinical humanised mouse models regarding the role of donor human immune cells, the function of cytokines and cell signalling molecules and their impact on specific target tissues and GVHD development. Further, specific therapeutic strategies tested in these preclinical models reveal key molecular pathways important in reducing the burden of GVHD following allogeneic HSCT.
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9
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Riet T, Chmielewski M. Regulatory CAR-T cells in autoimmune diseases: Progress and current challenges. Front Immunol 2022; 13:934343. [PMID: 36032080 PMCID: PMC9399761 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.934343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CAR (Chimeric Antigen Receptor) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the field of oncology in recent years. This innovative shift in cancer treatment also provides the opportunity to improve therapies for many patients suffering from various autoimmune diseases. Recent studies have confirmed the therapeutic suppressive potential of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to modulate immune response in autoimmune diseases. However, the polyclonal character of regulatory T cells and their unknown TCR specificity impaired their therapeutic potency in clinical implementation. Genetical engineering of these immune modulating cells to express antigen-specific receptors and using them therapeutically is a logical step on the way to overcome present limitations of the Treg strategy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Encouraging preclinical studies successfully demonstrated immune modulating properties of CAR Tregs in various mouse models. Still, there are many concerns about targeted Treg therapies relating to CAR target selectivity, suppressive functions, phenotype stability and safety aspects. Here, we summarize recent developments in CAR design, Treg biology and future strategies and perspectives in CAR Treg immunotherapy aiming at clinical translation.
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10
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Freuchet A, Salama A, Bézie S, Tesson L, Rémy S, Humeau R, Règue H, Sérazin C, Flippe L, Peterson P, Vimond N, Usal C, Ménoret S, Heslan JM, Duteille F, Blanchard F, Giral M, Colonna M, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. IL-34 deficiency impairs FOXP3 + Treg function in a model of autoimmune colitis and decreases immune tolerance homeostasis. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e988. [PMID: 36030499 PMCID: PMC9420423 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune homeostasis requires fully functional Tregs with a stable phenotype to control autoimmunity. Although IL‐34 is a cytokine first described as mainly involved in monocyte cell survival and differentiation, we recently described its expression by CD8+ Tregs in a rat model of transplantation tolerance and by activated FOXP3+ CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs in human healthy individuals. However, its role in autoimmunity and potential in human diseases remains to be determined. Methods We generated Il34−/− rats and using both Il34−/− rats and mice, we investigated their phenotype under inflammatory conditions. Using Il34−/− rats, we further analyzed the impact of the absence of expression of IL‐34 for CD4+ Tregs suppressive function. We investigated the potential of IL‐34 in human disease to prevent xenogeneic GVHD and human skin allograft rejection in immune humanized immunodeficient NSG mice. Finally, taking advantage of a biocollection, we investigated the correlation between presence of IL‐34 in the serum and kidney transplant rejection. Results Here we report that the absence of expression of IL‐34 in Il34−/− rats and mice leads to an unstable immune phenotype, with production of multiple auto‐antibodies, exacerbated under inflammatory conditions with increased susceptibility to DSS‐ and TNBS‐colitis in Il34−/− animals. Moreover, we revealed the striking inability of Il34−/− CD4+ Tregs to protect Il2rg−/− rats from a wasting disease induced by transfer of pathogenic cells, in contrast to Il34+/+ CD4+ Tregs. We also showed that IL‐34 treatment delayed EAE in mice as well as GVHD and human skin allograft rejection in immune humanized immunodeficient NSG mice. Finally, we show that presence of IL‐34 in the serum is associated with a longer rejection‐free period in kidney transplanted patients. Conclusion Altogether, our data emphasize on the crucial necessity of IL‐34 for immune homeostasis and for CD4+ Tregs suppressive function. Our data also shows the therapeutic potential of IL‐34 in human transplantation and auto‐immunity. Highlights Absence of expression of IL‐34 in Il34−/− rats and mice leads to an unstable immune phenotype, with a production of multiple auto‐antibodies and exacerbated immune pathology under inflammatory conditions. Il34−/− CD4+ Tregs are unable to protect Il2rg−/− rats from colitis induced by transfer of pathogenic cells. IL‐34 treatment delayed EAE in mice, as well as acute GVHD and human skin allograft rejection in immune‐humanized immunodeficient NSG mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Freuchet
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Apolline Salama
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Séverine Rémy
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Romain Humeau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Hadrien Règue
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Léa Flippe
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Claire Usal
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Séverine Ménoret
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France.,CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes Université, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Franck Duteille
- Chirurgie Plastique Reconstructrice et Esthétique, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Blanchard
- INSERM UMR1238, Bone Sarcoma and remodeling of calcified tissues, Nantes University, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN5, Nantes, F-44000, France
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11
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Yero A, Shi T, Routy JP, Tremblay C, Durand M, Costiniuk CT, Jenabian MA. FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells in acute HIV infection and following early antiretroviral therapy initiation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:962912. [PMID: 35967314 PMCID: PMC9372390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.962912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesBesides CD4 regulatory T-cells (Tregs), immunosuppressor FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells are emerging as an important subset of Tregs, which contribute to immune dysfunction and disease progression in HIV infection. However, FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell dynamics in acute HIV infection and following early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation remain understudied.MethodsSubsets of FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells were characterized both prospectively and cross-sectionally in PBMCs from untreated acute (n=26) and chronic (n=10) HIV-infected individuals, early ART-treated in acute infection (n=10, median of ART initiation: 5.5 months post-infection), ART-treated in chronic infection (n=10), elite controllers (n=18), and HIV-uninfected controls (n=21).ResultsAcute and chronic infection were associated with increased total, effector memory, and terminally differentiated FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells, while early ART normalized only the frequencies of total FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells. We observed an increase in FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell immune activation (HLADR+/CD38+), senescence (CD57+/CD28-), and PD-1 expression during acute and chronic infection, which were not normalized by early ART. FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells in untreated participants expressed higher levels of immunosuppressive LAP(TGF-β1) and CD39 than uninfected controls, whereas early ART did not affect their expression. The expression of gut-homing markers CCR9 and Integrin-β7 by total FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells and CD39+ and LAP(TGF-β1)+ FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells increased in untreated individuals and remained higher than in uninfected controls despite early ART. Elite controllers share most of the FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell characteristics in uninfected individuals.ConclusionsAlthough early ART normalized total FoxP3+ CD8 T-cells frequencies, it did not affect the persistent elevation of the gut-homing potential of CD39+ and LAP(TGF-β1)+ FoxP3+ CD8 T-cell, which may contribute to immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Yero
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tao Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, Department of Medicine, Glen Site, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cécile Tremblay
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Madeleine Durand
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cecilia T. Costiniuk
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, Department of Medicine, Glen Site, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mohammad-Ali Jenabian,
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12
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Diethelm-Varela B, Reyes A, Rosenstein Y, Kalil J, Hill M, Docena G, Anegon I, González PA, Kalergis AM. Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies Goes South 2021: advanced course on molecular and cellular translational immunology. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:839-842. [PMID: 35757836 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) regularly organizes scientific meetings to foster advances in immunology. A new event of this type is FOCIS Goes South, a course and workshop organized by FOCIS Centers of Excellence (FCEs) from across Latin America, which consists of a course on advanced immunology, a flow cytometry workshop and seminars on cutting-edge research in autoimmunity, tolerance, cancer, infectious diseases and vaccines. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the second version of FOCIS Goes South, hosted by the Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy in Chile, took place virtually from 15 to 18 November 2021, with more than 950 registered participants. The present article summarizes the key findings and insights discussed at FOCIS Goes South 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Diethelm-Varela
- Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonia Reyes
- Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yvonne Rosenstein
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Kalil
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology & Allergy-LIM60/University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute for Investigation in Immunology-iii-INCT, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Hill
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation & Inflammation, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay; Immunobiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Guillermo Docena
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), CONICET; Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- INSERM, UMR 1064- Center for Research in Transplantation & Immunology, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Pablo A González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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13
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Besnard M, Sérazin C, Ossart J, Moreau A, Vimond N, Flippe L, Sein H, Smith GA, Pittaluga S, Ferré EM, Usal C, Anegon I, Ranki A, Lionakis MS, Peterson P, Guillonneau C. Anti-CD45RC antibody immunotherapy prevents and treats experimental Autoimmune PolyEndocrinopathy Candidiasis Ectodermal Dystrophy syndrome. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:156507. [PMID: 35167497 PMCID: PMC8970675 DOI: 10.1172/jci156507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies show great promise for the treatment of transplant rejection and autoimmune diseases by inducing more specific immunomodulatory effects than broadly immunosuppressive drugs routinely used. We recently described the therapeutic advantage of targeting CD45RC, expressed at high levels by conventional T cells (Tconv, CD45RChigh), their precursors and terminally differentiated T (TEMRA) cells, but not by regulatory T cells (Tregs, CD45RClow/-). We demonstrated efficacy of anti-CD45RC mAb treatment in transplantation but its potential has not been examined in autoimmune diseases. APECED is a rare genetic syndrome caused by loss-of-function mutations of the key central tolerance mediator, autoimmune regulator (AIRE) leading to abnormal auto-reactive T cell responses and autoantibodies production. Herein, we showed that, in a rat model of APECED syndrome, anti-CD45RC mAb was effective both as prevention and treatment of autoimmune manifestations and inhibited autoantibody development. Anti-CD45RC mAb intervention depleted CD45RChigh T cells, inhibited CD45RChigh B cells, and restored the Treg/Tconv ratio and the altered Tregs transcriptomic profile. In APECED patients, CD45RC was significantly increased in peripheral blood T cells and lesioned organs from APECED patients were infiltrated by CD45RChigh cells. Our observations highlight the potential role for CD45RChigh cells in the pathogenesis of experimental and human APECED syndrome and the potential of anti-CD45RC antibody treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Besnard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jason Ossart
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Anne Moreau
- Department of Pathology, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Department of Immunology, AbolerIS Pharma, Nantes, France
| | - Léa Flippe
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Hanna Sein
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Grace A Smith
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States of America
| | | | - Elise Mn Ferré
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Claire Usal
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Annamari Ranki
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michail S Lionakis
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID/NIH, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, INSERM, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
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14
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Wang W, Hong T, Wang X, Wang R, Du Y, Gao Q, Yang S, Zhang X. Newly Found Peacekeeper: Potential of CD8+ Tregs for Graft-Versus-Host Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:764786. [PMID: 34899714 PMCID: PMC8652293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.764786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains the most effective and potentially curative treatment for a variety of hematologic malignancies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major obstacle that limits wide application of allo-HSCT, despite the development of prophylactic strategies. Owing to experimental and clinical advances in the field, GVHD is characterized by disruption of the balance between effector and regulatory immune cells, resulting in higher inflammatory cytokine levels. A reduction in regulatory T cells (Tregs) has been associated with limiting recalibration of inflammatory overaction and maintaining immune tolerance. Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that immunoregulation may be useful for preventing GVHD. As opposed to CD4+ Tregs, the CD8+ Tregs population, which constitutes an important proportion of all Tregs, efficiently attenuates GVHD while sparing graft-versus-leukemic (GVL) effects. CD8+ Tregs may provide another form of cellular therapy for preventing GVHD and preserving GVL effects, and understanding the underlying mechanisms that different from those of CD4+ Tregs is significant. In this review, we summarize preclinical experiments that have demonstrated the role of CD8+ Tregs during GVHD and attempted to obtain optimized CD8+ Tregs. Notably, although optimized CD8+ Tregs have obvious advantages, more exploration is needed to determine how to apply them in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Hong
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxuan Du
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qiangguo Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells mediate the tolerogenic effect of CD8 +regulatory T cells in a rat tolerant liver transplantation model. Transpl Immunol 2021; 70:101508. [PMID: 34843936 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tolerance is more easily induced in liver transplant models than in other organs; CD8+CD45RClowregulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to induce tolerance in heart allografts. Whether CD8+CD45RClowTregs could induce tolerance in a liver transplant model and how dendritic cells (DCs) mediate the CD8+CD45RClowTregs effect remains to be investigated. METHODS A rat liver transplantation model was established and used to test tolerance and acute rejection compared to control groups. Liver function and histopathological changes of allograft were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, respectively. The distribution and proportion of CD8+CD45RClowTregs and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the allografts and spleen were determined using flow cytometry. Cytokine secretion levels were determined using ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS The rat liver transplantation model was well established, with a success rate of 93.3% (28/30). The mean survival time of the tolerant and acute-rejection rats were 156 and 14 days, respectively. The proportions of CD8+CD45RClowTegs were higher in the allografts of tolerant rats than in those of acute-rejection rats (33.1 ± 4.3 and 12.4 ± 4.6, respectively; P = 0.04). Significant accumulation of pDCs was observed in tolerant liver graft rats compared to that in acute-rejection rats (1.46 ± 0.23 and 0.80 ± 0.20, respectively; P = 0.02). Importantly, CD8+CD45RClowTregs were positively associated with the frequency of pDCs (P = 0.001, r2 = 0.775). The protein and mRNA expression of IL-10 and TGF-β in the allograft group were increased, possibly being responsible for tolerance induction. CONCLUSION CD8+CD45RClowT cells interact with pDCs through the induction of IL-10 and TGF-β expression and are responsible for inducing immune tolerance in rat liver transplantation.
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16
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Slepicka PF, Yazdanifar M, Bertaina A. Harnessing Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance to Improve Outcomes in Solid Organ Transplantation: A Review. Front Immunol 2021; 12:688460. [PMID: 34177941 PMCID: PMC8222735 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.688460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival after solid organ transplantation (SOT) is limited by chronic rejection as well as the need for lifelong immunosuppression and its associated toxicities. Several preclinical and clinical studies have tested methods designed to induce transplantation tolerance without lifelong immune suppression. The limited success of these strategies has led to the development of clinical protocols that combine SOT with other approaches, such as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). HSCT prior to SOT facilitates engraftment of donor cells that can drive immune tolerance. Recent innovations in graft manipulation strategies and post-HSCT immune therapy provide further advances in promoting tolerance and improving clinical outcomes. In this review, we discuss conventional and unconventional immunological mechanisms underlying the development of immune tolerance in SOT recipients and how they can inform clinical advances. Specifically, we review the most recent mechanistic studies elucidating which immune regulatory cells dampen cytotoxic immune reactivity while fostering a tolerogenic environment. We further discuss how this understanding of regulatory cells can shape graft engineering and other therapeutic strategies to improve long-term outcomes for patients receiving HSCT and SOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Ferreira Slepicka
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mahboubeh Yazdanifar
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Alice Bertaina
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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17
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Amini L, Greig J, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Volk HD, Bézie S, Reinke P, Guillonneau C, Wagner DL, Anegon I. Super-Treg: Toward a New Era of Adoptive Treg Therapy Enabled by Genetic Modifications. Front Immunol 2021; 11:611638. [PMID: 33717052 PMCID: PMC7945682 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.611638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory Tcells (Treg) are essential components of peripheral immune homeostasis. Adoptive Treg cell therapy has shown efficacy in a variety of immune-mediated diseases in preclinical studies and is now moving from phase I/IIa to larger phase II studies aiming to demonstrate efficacy. However, hurdles such as in vivo stability and efficacy remain to be addressed. Nevertheless, preclinical models have shown that Treg function and specificity can be increased by pharmacological substances or gene modifications, and even that conventional T cells can be converted to Treg potentially providing new sources of Treg and facilitating Treg cell therapy. The exponential growth in genetic engineering techniques and their application to T cells coupled to a large body of knowledge on Treg open numerous opportunities to generate Treg with "superpowers". This review summarizes the genetic engineering techniques available and their applications for the next-generation of Super-Treg with increased function, stability, redirected specificity and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Amini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jenny Greig
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Séverine Bézie
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Petra Reinke
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
| | - Dimitrios L. Wagner
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, Nantes, France
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18
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Niederlova V, Tsyklauri O, Chadimova T, Stepanek O. CD8 + Tregs revisited: A heterogeneous population with different phenotypes and properties. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:512-530. [PMID: 33501647 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a key role in the peripheral self-tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. While classical CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs are well established, their CD8+ counterparts are still controversial in many aspects including their phenotypic identity and their mechanisms of suppression. Because of these controversies and because of only a limited number of studies documenting the immunoregulatory function of CD8+ Tregs in vivo, the concept of CD8+ Tregs is still not unanimously accepted. We propose that any T-cell subset considered as true regulatory must be distinguishable from other cell types and must suppress in vivo immune responses via a known mechanism. In this article, we revisit the concept of CD8+ Tregs by focusing on the characterization of individual CD8+ T-cell subsets with proposed regulatory capacity separately. Therefore, we review the phenotype and function of CD8+ FOXP3+ T cells, CD8+ CD122+ T cells, CD8+ CD28low/- T cells, CD8+ CD45RClow T cells, T cells expressing CD8αα homodimer and Qa-1-restricted CD8+ T cells to show whether there is sufficient evidence to establish these subsets as bona fide Tregs. Based on the intrinsic ability of CD8+ Treg subsets to promote immune tolerance in animal models, we elaborate on their potential use in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Niederlova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oksana Tsyklauri
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Chadimova
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ondrej Stepanek
- Laboratory of Adaptive Immunity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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19
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Besnard M, Padonou F, Provin N, Giraud M, Guillonneau C. AIRE deficiency, from preclinical models to human APECED disease. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm046359. [PMID: 33729987 PMCID: PMC7875492 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.046359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare life-threatening autoimmune disease that attacks multiple organs and has its onset in childhood. It is an inherited condition caused by a variety of mutations in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene that encodes a protein whose function has been uncovered by the generation and study of Aire-KO mice. These provided invaluable insights into the link between AIRE expression in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), and the broad spectrum of self-antigens that these cells express and present to the developing thymocytes. However, these murine models poorly recapitulate all phenotypic aspects of human APECED. Unlike Aire-KO mice, the recently generated Aire-KO rat model presents visual features, organ lymphocytic infiltrations and production of autoantibodies that resemble those observed in APECED patients, making the rat model a main research asset. In addition, ex vivo models of AIRE-dependent self-antigen expression in primary mTECs have been successfully set up. Thymus organoids based on pluripotent stem cell-derived TECs from APECED patients are also emerging, and constitute a promising tool to engineer AIRE-corrected mTECs and restore the generation of regulatory T cells. Eventually, these new models will undoubtedly lead to main advances in the identification and assessment of specific and efficient new therapeutic strategies aiming to restore immunological tolerance in APECED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Besnard
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Francine Padonou
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Nathan Provin
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Matthieu Giraud
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France
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20
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Picarda E, Bézie S, Usero L, Ossart J, Besnard M, Halim H, Echasserieau K, Usal C, Rossjohn J, Bernardeau K, Gras S, Guillonneau C. Cross-Reactive Donor-Specific CD8 + Tregs Efficiently Prevent Transplant Rejection. Cell Rep 2020; 29:4245-4255.e6. [PMID: 31875536 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To reduce the use of non-specific immunosuppressive drugs detrimental to transplant patient health, therapies in development aim to achieve antigen-specific tolerance by promoting antigen-specific regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, identification of the natural antigens recognized by Tregs and the contribution of their dominance in transplantation has been challenging. We identify epitopes derived from distinct major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, sharing a 7-amino acid consensus sequence positioned in a central mobile section in complex with MHC class I, recognized by cross-reactive CD8+ Tregs, enriched in the graft. Antigen-specific CD8+ Tregs can be induced in vivo with a 16-amino acid-long peptide to trigger transplant tolerance. Peptides derived from human HLA class II molecules, harboring the rat consensus sequence, also activate and expand human CD8+ Tregs, suggesting its potential in human transplantation. Altogether, this work should facilitate the development of therapies with peptide epitopes for transplantation and improve our understanding of CD8+ Treg recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Picarda
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Lorena Usero
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Jason Ossart
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Marine Besnard
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Hanim Halim
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Klara Echasserieau
- Plateforme de protéines recombinantes P2R IFR26, CRCNA-UMR892 INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Usal
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Karine Bernardeau
- Plateforme de protéines recombinantes P2R IFR26, CRCNA-UMR892 INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Gras
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Nantes Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44000 Nantes, France; LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France.
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21
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Human CD8+ Tregs expressing a MHC-specific CAR display enhanced suppression of human skin rejection and GVHD in NSG mice. Blood Adv 2020; 3:3522-3538. [PMID: 31730699 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyclonal CD8+CD45RClow/- Tregs are potent regulatory cells able to control solid organ transplantation rejection and even induce tolerance. However, donor major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-specific Tregs are more potent than polyclonal Tregs in suppressing T-cell responses and preventing acute as well as chronic rejection in rodent models. The difficulty of identifying disease-relevant antigens able to stimulate Tregs has reduced the possibility of obtaining antigen-specific Tregs. To bypass this requirement and gain the advantage of antigen specificity, and thus improve the therapeutic potential of CD8+ Tregs, we stably introduced a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) derived from a HLA-A*02 antigen-specific antibody (A2-CAR) in human CD8+ Tregs and developed a clinically compatible protocol of transduction and expansion. We demonstrated that A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs were not phenotypically altered by the process, were specifically activated, and did not exhibit cytotoxic activity toward HLA-A*02+ kidney endothelial cells (ECs). We showed that A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs were more potent suppressors of immune responses induced by HLA-A*02 mismatch than control-CAR CD8+ Tregs, both in vitro and in vivo, in models of human skin graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice. We showed that integrity of human skin graft was preserved with A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs at least 100 days in vivo after administration, and that interaction between the A2-CAR CD8+ Tregs and HLA-A*02+ kidney ECs resulted in a fine-tuned and protolerogenic activation of the ECs without cytotoxicity. Together, our results demonstrated the relevance of the CAR engineering approach to develop antigen-specific CAR-CD8+ Tregs for clinical trials in transplantation, and potentially in other diseases.
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22
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Rana J, Biswas M. Regulatory T cell therapy: Current and future design perspectives. Cell Immunol 2020; 356:104193. [PMID: 32823038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) maintain immune equilibrium by suppressing immune responses through various multistep contact dependent and independent mechanisms. Cellular therapy using polyclonal Tregs in transplantation and autoimmune diseases has shown promise in preclinical models and clinical trials. Although novel approaches have been developed to improve specificity and efficacy of antigen specific Treg based therapies, widespread application is currently restricted. To date, design-based approaches to improve the potency and persistence of engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) Tregs are limited. Here, we describe currently available Treg based therapies, their advantages and limitations for implementation in clinical studies. We also examine various strategies for improving CAR T cell design that can potentially be applied to CAR Tregs, such as identifying co-stimulatory signalling domains that enhance suppressive ability, determining optimal scFv affinity/avidity, and co-expression of accessory molecules. Finally, we discuss the importance of tailoring CAR Treg design to suit the individual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Rana
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Moanaro Biswas
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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23
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Bézie S, Freuchet A, Sérazin C, Salama A, Vimond N, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. IL-34 Actions on FOXP3 + Tregs and CD14 + Monocytes Control Human Graft Rejection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1496. [PMID: 32849510 PMCID: PMC7431608 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are major players regulating immune responses toward inflammatory and tolerogenic results. In organ and bone marrow transplantation, new reagents are needed to inhibit tissue destructive mechanisms and eventually induce immune tolerance without overall immunosuppression. IL-34 is a cytokine with no significant homology with any other cytokine but that acts preferentially through CSF-1R, as CSF-1 does, and through PTPζ and CD138. Although IL-34 and CSF-1 share actions, a detailed analysis of their effects on immune cells needs further research. We previously showed that both CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Tregs suppress effector T cells through the production of IL-34, but not CSF-1, and that this action was mediated through antigen-presenting cells. We showed here by single-cell RNAseq and cytofluorimetry that different subsets of human monocytes expressed different levels of CSF-1R, CD138, and PTPζ and that both CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Tregs expressed higher levels of CSF-1R than conventional T cells. The effects of IL-34 differed in the survival of these different subpopulations of monocytes and RNAseq analysis showed several genes differentially expressed between IL-34, CSF-1, M0, M1, and also M2 macrophages. Acute graft-vs.-host disease (aGVHD) in immunodeficient NSG mice injected with human PBMCs was decreased when treated with IL-34 in combination with an anti-CD45RC mAb that depleted conventional T cells. When IL-34-differentiated monocytes were used to expand Tregs in vitro, both CD4+ and CD8+ FOXP3+ Tregs were highly enriched and this effect was superior to the one obtained with CSF-1. Human CD8+ Tregs expanded in vitro with IL-34-differentiated allogeneic monocytes suppressed human immune responses in an NSG mouse aGVHD model humanized with hPBMCs. Overall, we showed that IL-34 induced the differentiation of human monocytes with a particular transcriptional profile and these cells favored the development of potent suppressor FOXP3+ Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Freuchet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Céline Sérazin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Apolline Salama
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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24
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Boucault L, Lopez Robles MD, Thiolat A, Bézie S, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Braudeau C, Vimond N, Freuchet A, Autrusseau E, Charlotte F, Redjoul R, Beckerich F, Leclerc M, Piaggio E, Josien R, Volk HD, Maury S, Cohen JL, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Transient antibody targeting of CD45RC inhibits the development of graft-versus-host disease. Blood Adv 2020; 4:2501-2515. [PMID: 32511714 PMCID: PMC7284095 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a widely spread treatment of many hematological diseases, but its most important side effect is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Despite the development of new therapies, acute GVHD (aGVHD) occurs in 30% to 50% of allogeneic BMT and is characterized by the generation of effector T (Teff) cells with production of inflammatory cytokines. We previously demonstrated that a short anti-CD45RC monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment in a heart allograft rat model transiently decreased CD45RChigh Teff cells and increased regulatory T cell (Treg) number and function allowing long-term donor-specific tolerance. Here, we demonstrated in rat and mouse allogeneic GVHD, as well as in xenogeneic GVHD mediated by human T cells in NSG mice, that both ex vivo depletion of CD45RChigh T cells and in vivo treatment with short-course anti-CD45RC mAbs inhibited aGVHD. In the rat model, we demonstrated that long surviving animals treated with anti-CD45RC mAbs were fully engrafted with donor cells and developed a donor-specific tolerance. Finally, we validated the rejection of a human tumor in NSG mice infused with human cells and treated with anti-CD45RC mAbs. The anti-human CD45RC mAbs showed a favorable safety profile because it did not abolish human memory antiviral immune responses, nor trigger cytokine release in in vitro assays. Altogether, our results show the potential of a prophylactic treatment with anti-human CD45RC mAbs in combination with rapamycin as a new therapy to treat aGVHD without abolishing the antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Boucault
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
| | - Maria-Dolores Lopez Robles
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
| | - Allan Thiolat
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Creteil, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin/Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Cécile Braudeau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre d'Immunomonitorage Nantes Atlantique (CIMNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Freuchet
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Charlotte
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Rabah Redjoul
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Service d'Hematologie Clinique, Creteil, France
| | - Florence Beckerich
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Service d'Hematologie Clinique, Creteil, France
| | - Mathieu Leclerc
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Service d'Hematologie Clinique, Creteil, France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Service d'Hematologie Clinique, Creteil, France
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie Research Center, Paris Sciences & Lettres (PSL) Research University, U932, INSERM, Paris, France; and
| | - Regis Josien
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre d'Immunomonitorage Nantes Atlantique (CIMNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin/Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sébastien Maury
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Service d'Hematologie Clinique, Creteil, France
| | - José L Cohen
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Chenevier Mondor, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biotherapie, Creteil, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1064, INSERM/Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology (IGO), LabEx, Nantes, France
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25
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El-Ayachi I, Washburn WK, Schenk AD. Recent Progress in Treg Biology and Transplant Therapeutics. CURRENT TRANSPLANTATION REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40472-020-00278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Regulatory T cell (Treg) biology continues to evolve at a rapid pace. The role of Tregs in solid organ transplantation offers a unique window into Treg ontogeny and function as well as limitless possibilities for clinical application. Here we review recent significant discoveries and key translational work.
Recent Findings
Advances in transplantation deepen understanding of Treg differentiation, expansion, transcription, co-stimulation, and signaling. T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing and single-cell analytics allow unprecedented insight into Treg repertoire diversity and phenotypic heterogeneity. Efforts to replace conventional immunosuppression with Treg adoptive immunotherapy are underway and coalescing around strategies to increase efficiency through development of donor-reactive Tregs.
Summary
Adoptive immunotherapy with Tregs is a leading tolerogenic strategy. Early clinical trials suggest that Treg infusion is safe and reports on efficacy will soon follow.
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26
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Verma ND, Robinson CM, Carter N, Wilcox P, Tran GT, Wang C, Sharland A, Nomura M, Plain KM, Bishop GA, Hodgkinson SJ, Hall BM. Alloactivation of Naïve CD4 +CD8 -CD25 +T Regulatory Cells: Expression of CD8α Identifies Potent Suppressor Cells That Can Promote Transplant Tolerance Induction. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2397. [PMID: 31681288 PMCID: PMC6802415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy with alloantigen-specific CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Treg) for induction of transplant tolerance is desirable, as naïve thymic Treg (tTreg) are not alloantigen-specific and are weak suppressor cells. Naïve tTreg from DA rats cultured with fully allogeneic PVG stimulator cells in the presence of rIL-2 express IFN-gamma receptor (IFNGR) and IL-12 receptor beta2 (IL-12Rβ2) and are more potent alloantigen-specific regulators that we call Ts1 cells. This study examined additional markers that could identify the activated alloantigen-specific Treg as a subpopulation within the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg. After culture of naïve DA CD4+CD8−CD25+T cells with rIL-2 and PVG alloantigen, or rIL-2 without alloantigen, CD8α was expressed on 10–20% and CD8β on <5% of these cells. These cells expressed ifngr and Il12rb2. CD8α+ cells had increased Ifngr that characterizes Ts1 cells as well was Irf4, a transcription factor induced by TCR activation. Proliferation induced by re-culture with rIL-12 and alloantigen was greater with CD4+CD8α+CD25+Treg consistent with the CD8α+ cells expressing IL-12R. In MLC, the CD8α+ fraction suppressed responses against allogeneic stimulators more than the mixed Ts1 population, whereas the CD4+CD8−CD25+T cells were less potent. In an adoptive transfer assay, rIL-2 and alloantigen activated Treg suppress rejection at a ratio of 1:10 with naïve effector cells, whereas alloantigen and rIL-2 activated tTreg depleted of the CD8α+ cells were much less effective. This study demonstrated that expression of CD8α by rIL-2 and alloantigen activation of CD4+CD8−CD25+Foxp3+T cells was a marker of activated and potent Treg that included alloantigen-specific Treg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirupama D Verma
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, South Western Clinical School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney and Ingham Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine M Robinson
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, South Western Clinical School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney and Ingham Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Carter
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, South Western Clinical School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney and Ingham Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Wilcox
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, South Western Clinical School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney and Ingham Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Giang T Tran
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, South Western Clinical School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney and Ingham Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Chaunmin Wang
- Transplantation Immunobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexandra Sharland
- Transplantation Immunobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Masaru Nomura
- Department of Surgery, Keiwakai Ebetsu Hospital, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Karren M Plain
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, South Western Clinical School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney and Ingham Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - G Alexander Bishop
- Transplantation Immunobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Suzanne J Hodgkinson
- Transplantation Immunobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce M Hall
- Immune Tolerance Laboratory, South Western Clinical School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney and Ingham Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
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27
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Flippe L, Bézie S, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Future prospects for CD8 + regulatory T cells in immune tolerance. Immunol Rev 2019; 292:209-224. [PMID: 31593314 PMCID: PMC7027528 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD8+ Tregs have been long described and significant progresses have been made about their phenotype, their functional mechanisms, and their suppressive ability compared to conventional CD4+ Tregs. They are now at the dawn of their clinical use. In this review, we will summarize their phenotypic characteristics, their mechanisms of action, the similarities, differences and synergies between CD8+ and CD4+ Tregs, and we will discuss the biology, development and induction of CD8+ Tregs, their manufacturing for clinical use, considering open questions/uncertainties and future technically accessible improvements notably through genetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Flippe
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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28
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Ouisse LH, Remy S, Lafoux A, Larcher T, Tesson L, Chenouard V, Guillonneau C, Brusselle L, Vimond N, Rouger K, Péréon Y, Chenouard A, Gras-Le Guen C, Braudeau C, Josien R, Huchet C, Anegon I. Immunophenotype of a Rat Model of Duchenne's Disease and Demonstration of Improved Muscle Strength After Anti-CD45RC Antibody Treatment. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2131. [PMID: 31552055 PMCID: PMC6746111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroids (CS) are standard therapy for the treatment of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD). Even though they decrease inflammation, they have limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects. There is therefore the need for new protolerogenic treatments to replace CS. Dystrophin-deficient rats (Dmdmdx ) closely resemble the pathological phenotype of DMD patients. We performed the first Immunophenotyping of Dmdmdx rats and showed leukocyte infiltration in skeletal and cardiac muscles, which consisted mostly of macrophages and T cells including CD45RChigh T cells. Muscles of DMD patients also contain elevated CD45RChigh T cells. We treated Dmdmdx rats with an anti-CD45RC MAb used in previous studies to deplete CD45RChigh T cells and induce immune tolerance in models of organ transplantation. Treatment of young Dmdmdx rats with anti-CD45RC MAb corrected skeletal muscle strength and was associated with depletion of CD45RChigh T cells with no side effects. Treatment of young Dmdmdx rats with prednisolone resulted in increase in skeletal muscle strength but also severe growth retardation. In conclusion, anti-CD45RC MAb treatment has potential in the treatment of DMD and might eventually result in reduction or elimination of CS use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure-Hélène Ouisse
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Remy
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Aude Lafoux
- THERASSAY CAPACITES, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Thibaut Larcher
- INRA, UMR703 APEX, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Vanessa Chenouard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Lucas Brusselle
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
| | - Nadège Vimond
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Karl Rouger
- INRA, UMR703 APEX, Oniris, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation, Nantes, France
| | - Yann Péréon
- Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases AOC, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alexis Chenouard
- Pediatric Intensive Care, Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Cécile Braudeau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- CIMNA, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Régis Josien
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- CIMNA, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Corinne Huchet
- THERASSAY CAPACITES, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Thérapie Génique Translationnelle des Maladies Génétiques, INSERM UMR 1089, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
- Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Facility, CRTI UMR 1064, Nantes, France
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Abstract
Although cluster of differentiation (CD)8 regulatory T (Treg) cells have been in the last 20 years more studied since evidences of their role in tolerance as been demonstrated in transplantation, autoimmune diseases and cancer, their characteristics are still controversial. In this review, we will focus on recent advances on CD8 Treg cells and description of a role for CD8 Treg cells in tolerance in both solid organ transplantation and graft-versus-host disease and their potential for clinical trials.
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30
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Garnier AS, Planchais M, Riou J, Jacquemin C, Ordonez L, Saint-André JP, Croue A, Saoudi A, Delneste Y, Devys A, Boutin I, Subra JF, Duveau A, Augusto JF. Pre-transplant CD45RC expression on blood T cells differentiates patients with cancer and rejection after kidney transplantation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214321. [PMID: 30925186 PMCID: PMC6440623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biological biomarkers to stratify cancer risk before kidney transplantation are lacking. Several data support that tumor development and growth is associated with a tolerant immune profile. T cells expressing low levels of CD45RC preferentially secrete regulatory cytokines and contain regulatory T cell subset. In contrast, T cells expressing high levels of CD45RC have been shown to secrete proinflammatory cytokines, to drive alloreactivity and to predict acute rejection (AR) in kidney transplant patients. In the present work, we evaluated whether pre-transplant CD45RClow T cell subset was predictive of post-transplant cancer occurrence. Methods We performed an observational cohort study of 89 consecutive first time kidney transplant patients whose CD45RC T cell expression was determined by flow cytometry before transplantation. Post-transplant events including cancer, AR, and death were assessed retrospectively. Results After a mean follow-up of 11.1±4.1 years, cancer occurred in 25 patients (28.1%) and was associated with a decreased pre-transplant proportion of CD4+CD45RChigh T cells, with a frequency below 51.9% conferring a 3.7-fold increased risk of post-transplant malignancy (HR 3.71 [1.24–11.1], p = 0.019). The sensibility, specificity, negative predictive and positive predictive values of CD4+CD45RChigh<51.9% were 84.0, 54.7, 89.8 and 42.0% respectively. Confirming our previous results, frequency of CD8+CD45RChigh T cells above 52.1% was associated with AR, conferring a 20-fold increased risk (HR 21.7 [2.67–176.2], p = 0.0004). The sensibility, specificity, negative predictive and positive predictive values of CD8+CD45RChigh>52.1% were 94.5, 68.0, 34.7 and 98.6% respectively. Frequency of CD4+CD45RChigh T cells was positively correlated with those of CD8+CD45RChigh (p<0.0001), suggesting that recipients with high AR risk display a low cancer risk. Conclusion High frequency of CD45RChigh T cells was associated with AR, while low frequency was associated with cancer. Thus, CD45RC expression on T cells appears as a double-edged sword biomarker of promising interest to assess both cancer and AR risk before kidney transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Garnier
- LUNAM Université, Angers, France
- CHU Angers, Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation, Angers, France
| | - Martin Planchais
- LUNAM Université, Angers, France
- CHU Angers, Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation, Angers, France
| | - Jérémie Riou
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, Université Bretagne Loire, IBS- CHU, Angers, France
| | - Clément Jacquemin
- INSERM U1035, BMGIC, Immuno-dermatology ATIP-AVENIR, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurence Ordonez
- Université de Toulouse, Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Paul Saint-André
- LUNAM Université, Angers, France
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d’anatomopathologie, Angers, France
| | - Anne Croue
- CHU Angers, Laboratoire d’anatomopathologie, Angers, France
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- Université de Toulouse, Centre de physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Delneste
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- LabEx IGO “Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology”, Angers, France
| | - Anne Devys
- Laboratoire HLA, Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de Loire, Angers, France
| | - Isabelle Boutin
- Centre de Sante, Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de Loire, Angers, France
| | - Jean-François Subra
- LUNAM Université, Angers, France
- CHU Angers, Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation, Angers, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- LabEx IGO “Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology”, Angers, France
| | - Agnès Duveau
- CHU Angers, Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation, Angers, France
| | - Jean-François Augusto
- LUNAM Université, Angers, France
- CHU Angers, Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation, Angers, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- LabEx IGO “Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology”, Angers, France
- * E-mail:
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31
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Description of CD8 + Regulatory T Lymphocytes and Their Specific Intervention in Graft-versus-Host and Infectious Diseases, Autoimmunity, and Cancer. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:3758713. [PMID: 30155493 PMCID: PMC6098849 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3758713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gershon and Kondo described CD8+ Treg lymphocytes as the first ones with regulating activity due to their tolerance ability to foreign antigens and their capacity to inhibit the proliferation of other lymphocytes. Regardless, CD8+ Treg lymphocytes have not been fully described-unlike CD4+ Treg lymphocytes-because of their low numbers in blood and the lack of specific and accurate population markers. Still, these lymphocytes have been studied for the past 30 years, even after finding difficulties during investigations. As a result, studies have identified markers that define their subpopulations. This review is focused on the expression of cell membrane markers as CD25, CD122, CD103, CTLA-4, CD39, CD73, LAG-3, and FasL as well as soluble molecules such as FoxP3, IFN-γ, IL-10, TGF-β, IL-34, and IL-35, in addition to the lack of expression of cell activation markers such as CD28, CD127 CD45RC, and CD49d. This work also underlines the importance of identifying some of these markers in infections with several pathogens, autoimmunity, cancer, and graft-versus-host disease as a strategy in their prevention, monitoring, and cure.
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32
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Ossart J, Moreau A, Autrusseau E, Ménoret S, Martin JC, Besnard M, Ouisse LH, Tesson L, Flippe L, Kisand K, Peterson P, Hubert FX, Anegon I, Josien R, Guillonneau C. Breakdown of Immune Tolerance in AIRE-Deficient Rats Induces a Severe Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy-like Autoimmune Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:874-887. [PMID: 29959280 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune regulator (AIRE) deficiency in humans induces a life-threatening generalized autoimmune disease called autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), and no curative treatments are available. Several models of AIRE-deficient mice have been generated, and although they have been useful in understanding the role of AIRE in central tolerance, they do not reproduce accurately the APECED symptoms, and thus there is still a need for an animal model displaying APECED-like disease. We assessed, in this study, the potential of the rat as an accurate model for APECED. In this study, we demonstrate that in rat, AIRE is expressed by MHC class II (MCH-II)+ and MHC-II- medullary thymic epithelial cells in thymus and by CD4int conventional dendritic cells in periphery. To our knowledge, we generated the first AIRE-deficient rat model using zinc-finger nucleases and demonstrated that they display several of the key symptoms of APECED disease, including alopecia, skin depigmentation, and nail dystrophy, independently of the genetic background. We observed severe autoimmune lesions in a large spectrum of organs, in particular in the pancreas, and identified several autoantibodies in organs and cytokines such as type I IFNs and IL-17 at levels similar to APECED. Finally, we demonstrated a biased Ab response to IgG1, IgM, and IgA isotypes. Altogether, our data demonstrate that AIRE-deficient rat is a relevant APECED animal model, opening new opportunity to test curative therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ossart
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Anne Moreau
- Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Séverine Ménoret
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme C Martin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Marine Besnard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Laure-Hélène Ouisse
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Léa Flippe
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Kai Kisand
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia; and
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia; and
| | - François-Xavier Hubert
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Transgenesis Rat Immunophenomic Platform, INSERM 1064 and SFR Francois Bonamy, CNRS UMS3556, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Régis Josien
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France; .,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, CHU Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
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Young JS, Yin D, Vannier AGL, Alegre ML, Chong AS. Equal Expansion of Endogenous Transplant-Specific Regulatory T Cell and Recruitment Into the Allograft During Rejection and Tolerance. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1385. [PMID: 29973932 PMCID: PMC6020780 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous advances in the definition of a role for regulatory T cells (Tregs) in facilitating experimental transplantation tolerance, and ongoing clinical trials for Treg-based therapies, critical issues related to the optimum dosage, antigen-specificity, and Treg-friendly adjunct immunosuppressants remain incompletely resolved. In this study, we used a tractable approach of MHC tetramers and flow cytometry to define the fate of conventional (Tconvs) and Tregs CD4+ T cells that recognize donor 2W antigens presented by I-Ab on donor and recipient antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in a mouse cardiac allograft transplant model. Our study shows that these endogenous, donor-reactive Tregs comparably accumulate in the spleens of recipients undergoing acute rejection or exhibiting costimulation blockade-induced tolerance. Importantly, this expansion was not detected when analyzing bulk splenic Tregs. Systemically, the distinguishing feature between tolerance and rejection was the inhibition of donor-reactive conventional T cell (Tconv) expansion in tolerance, translating into increased percentages of splenic FoxP3+ Tregs within the 2W:I-Ab CD4+ T cell subset compared to rejection (~35 vs. <5% in tolerance vs. rejection). We further observed that continuous administration of rapamycin, cyclosporine A, or CTLA4-Ig did not facilitate donor-specific Treg expansion, while all three drugs inhibited Tconv expansion. Finally, donor-specific Tregs accumulated comparably in rejecting tolerant allografts, whereas tolerant grafts harbored <10% of the donor-specific Tconv numbers observed in rejecting allografts. Thus, ~80% of 2W:I-Ab CD4+ T cells in tolerant allografts expressed FoxP3+ compared to ≤10% in rejecting allografts. A similar, albeit lesser, enrichment was observed with bulk graft-infiltrating CD4+ cells, where ~30% were FoxP3+ in tolerant allografts, compared to ≤10% in rejecting allografts. Finally, we assessed that the phenotype of 2W:I-Ab Tregs and observed that the percentages of cells expressing neuropilin-1 and CD73 were significantly higher in tolerance compared to rejection, suggesting that these Tregs may be functionally distinct. Collectively, the analysis of donor-reactive, but not of bulk, Tconvs and Tregs reveal a systemic signature of tolerance that is stable and congruent with the signature within tolerant allografts. Our data also underscore the importance of limiting Tconv expansion for high donor-specific Tregs:Tconv ratios to be successfully attained in transplantation tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James S Young
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dengping Yin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Maria-Luisa Alegre
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anita S Chong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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34
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Zhang L, Yu J, Wei W. Advance in Targeted Immunotherapy for Graft-Versus-Host Disease. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1087. [PMID: 29868032 PMCID: PMC5964137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious and deadly complication of patients, who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Despite prophylactic treatment with immunosuppressive agents, 20–80% of recipients develop acute GVHD after HSCT. And the incidence rates of chronic GVHD range from 6 to 80%. Standard therapeutic strategies are still lacking, although considerable advances have been gained in knowing of the predisposing factors, pathology, and diagnosis of GVHD. Targeting immune cells, such as regulatory T cells, as well as tolerogenic dendritic cells or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) display considerable benefit in the relief of GVHD through the deletion of alloactivated T cells. Monoclonal antibodies targeting cytokines or signaling molecules have been demonstrated to be beneficial for the prevention of GVHD. However, these remain to be verified in clinical therapy. It is also important and necessary to consider adopting individualized treatment based on GVHD subtypes, pathological mechanisms involved and stages. In the future, it is hoped that the identification of novel therapeutic targets and systematic research strategies may yield novel safe and effective approaches in clinic to improve outcomes of GVHD further. In this article, we reviewed the current advances in targeted immunotherapy for the prevention of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Education, Ministry of China, Anti-Inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Education, Ministry of China, Anti-Inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
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35
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Bézie S, Meistermann D, Boucault L, Kilens S, Zoppi J, Autrusseau E, Donnart A, Nerrière-Daguin V, Bellier-Waast F, Charpentier E, Duteille F, David L, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Ex Vivo Expanded Human Non-Cytotoxic CD8 +CD45RC low/- Tregs Efficiently Delay Skin Graft Rejection and GVHD in Humanized Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 8:2014. [PMID: 29445370 PMCID: PMC5797797 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Both CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs play a critical role in the control of immune responses and immune tolerance; however, our understanding of CD8+ Tregs is limited while they are particularly promising for therapeutic application. We report here existence of highly suppressive human CD8+CD45RClow/− Tregs expressing Foxp3 and producing IFNγ, IL-10, IL-34, and TGFβ to mediate their suppressive activity. We demonstrate that total CD8+CD45RClow/− Tregs can be efficiently expanded in the presence of anti-CD3/28 mAbs, high-dose IL-2 and IL-15 and that such expanded Tregs efficiently delay GVHD and human skin transplantation rejection in immune humanized mice. Robustly expanded CD8+ Tregs displayed a specific gene signature, upregulated cytokines and expansion in the presence of rapamycin greatly improved proliferation and suppression. We show that CD8+CD45RClow/− Tregs are equivalent to canonical CD4+CD25highCD127low/− Tregs for suppression of allogeneic immune responses in vitro. Altogether, our results open new perspectives to tolerogenic strategies in human solid organ transplantation and GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Dimitri Meistermann
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N) UMR6004, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Boucault
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Stéphanie Kilens
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Johanna Zoppi
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Autrusseau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Audrey Donnart
- INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Véronique Nerrière-Daguin
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | | | - Eric Charpentier
- INSERM UMR1087, CNRS UMR6291, Université de Nantes, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Franck Duteille
- Chirurgie Plastique Reconstructrice et Esthétique, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Laurent David
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,INSERM UMS 016, SFR Francois Bonamy, iPSC core facility, CNRS UMS 3556, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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36
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Kalergis AM, Anegon I, González PA. FOCIS goes south: advances in translational and clinical immunology. Immunotherapy 2017; 9:789-792. [PMID: 28877630 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
FOCIS goes South: Advances in Translational and Clinical Immunology was the first Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS) ( www.focisnet.org ) meeting held in Latin America (May 15-17, 2017, Santiago de Chile, Chile). The meeting was organized as a 3-day workshop and was fostered by the Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, a recently nominated FOCIS Center of Excellence. The workshop brought together FOCIS associates, such as members of the FOCIS Board of Directors, Directors of different Centers of Excellence, regional speakers and 350 attendees. The Meeting covered aspects of immune regulation and modulation, as well as immunotherapy in areas of autoimmunity, transplantation, cancer and infectious diseases, among others. The activity also had a full-day immunology course and a day-long flow cytometry course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M Kalergis
- Departamento de GenéticaMolecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, PontificiaUniversidad Católica de Chilee.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago-Chile. Av. Portugal 49, Santiago E-8330025, Chile.,Departamento de Endocrinología, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago-Chile.,Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et ImmunologieUMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et ImmunologieUMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut deTransplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Pablo A González
- Departamento de GenéticaMolecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, PontificiaUniversidad Católica de Chilee.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago-Chile. Av. Portugal 49, Santiago E-8330025, Chile
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Bézie S, Usal C, Guillonneau C. In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28829428 DOI: 10.3791/55510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The main concern in transplantation is to achieve specific tolerance through induction of regulatory cells. The understanding of tolerance mechanisms requires reliable models. Here, we describe models of tolerance to cardiac allograft in rat, induced by blockade of costimulation signals or by upregulation of immunoregulatory molecules through gene transfer. Each of these models allowed in vivo generation of regulatory cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), regulatory B cells (Bregs) or regulatory myeloid cells (RegMCs). In this manuscript, we describe two complementary protocols that have been used to identify and define in vitro and in vivo regulatory cell activity to determine their responsibility in tolerance induction and maintenance. First, an in vitro suppressive assay allowed rapid identification of cells with suppressive capacity on effector immune responses in a dose dependent manner, and can be used for further analysis such as cytokine measurement or cytotoxicity. Second, the adoptive transfer of cells from a tolerant treated recipient to a newly irradiated grafted recipient, highlighted the tolerogenic properties of these cells in controlling graft directed immune responses and/or converting new regulatory cells (termed infectious tolerance). These methods are not restricted to cells with known phenotypic markers and can be extended to any cell population. Furthermore, donor directed allospecificity of regulatory cells (an important goal in the field) can be assessed by using third party donor cells or graft either in vitro or in vivo. Finally, to determine the specific tolerogenic capacity of these regulatory cells, we provide protocols to assess the humoral anti-donor antibody responses and the capacity of the recipient to develop humoral responses against new or former known antigens. The models of tolerance described can be used to further characterize regulatory cells, to identify new biomarkers, and immunoregulatory molecules, and are adaptable to other transplantation models or autoimmune diseases in rodent or human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes
| | - Claire Usal
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes; Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes;
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